make_v like_o a_o ram_n head_n to_o beat_v down_o a'n_z wall_n and_o vineas_fw-la which_o be_v a_o ordinance_n of_o war_n make_v of_o timber_n &_o hurdle_n under_o the_o which_o man_n go_v sure_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o a_o town_n besiege_v also_o battle_n ram_n &_o tower_n movable_a but_o least_o in_o rehearse_v every_o thing_n more_o be_v say_v then_o need_v a_o legion_n ought_v every_o where_o to_o carry_v with_o it_o all_o manner_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v think_v necessary_a in_o any_o kind_n of_o war_n that_o in_o what_o place_n soever_o it_o shall_v pitch_v the_o camp_n it_o may_v make_v a_o arm_a city_n the_o third_o book_n of_o flavius_n vegetius_n renatus_n of_o the_o feat_n of_o war_n the_o prologue_n the_o ancient_a chronicle_n do_v testify_v that_o the_o athenian_n the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o the_o macedonian_n have_v be_v chief_a lord_n and_o mighty_a ruler_n but_o the_o athenian_n have_v not_o only_o take_v diligent_a travail_n in_o feat_n of_o war_n but_o have_v also_o 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physician_n the_o diligence_n of_o thâ—_z ruler_n and_o tribune_n yea_o and_o of_o the_o lieutenant_n himself_o which_o execute_v the_o great_a power_n shall_v be_v require_v hereunto_o for_o they_o be_v in_o very_o ill_a case_n upon_o who_o the_o necessity_n both_o of_o war_n and_o sickness_n do_v lie_v but_o the_o expert_a and_o cunning_a man_n in_o feat_n of_o war_n have_v think_v that_o daily_a exercise_n of_o arm_n can_v more_o avail_v to_o the_o health_n of_o soldier_n than_o physician_n can_v therefore_o they_o will_v have_v the_o footman_n in_o reign_n &_o snow_n continual_o to_o be_v exercise_v for_o health_n under_o covert_n at_o other_o time_n in_o the_o plain_a field_n â–ª_o likewise_o they_o command_v that_o the_o horseman_n shall_v daily_o exercise_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o horse_n not_o only_o in_o the_o plain_a but_o also_o in_o most_o difficult_a passage_n as_o in_o steep_a down_o place_n &_o in_o the_o gape_n of_o ditch_n that_o nothing_o may_v happen_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o necessity_n of_o fight_n which_o they_o know_v not_o before_o whereof_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v with_o how_o great_a study_n and_o diligence_n the_o army_n shall_v at_o all_o time_n be_v learn_v the_o knowledge_n of_o arm_n when_o as_o the_o use_n of_o labour_n both_o may_v get_v they_o health_n in_o their_o tent_n and_o victory_n in_o the_o battle_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harvest_n &_o summer_n if_o a_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n to_o tarry_v long_o in_o a_o place_n there_o must_v needs_o arise_v most_o hurtful_a sickness_n both_o of_o the_o infection_n of_o the_o water_n and_o smell_v of_o the_o very_a filth_n with_o corrupt_a breathe_n and_o naughty_a air_n which_o none_n other_o way_n can_v be_v keep_v from_o they_o but_o with_o often_o remove_v of_o the_o campe._n ¶_o with_o how_o great_a care_n and_o regard_n forage_n or_o grain_n ought_v to_o be_v provide_v and_o keep_v chap._n iij._n order_n do_v require_v that_o we_o shall_v now_o speak_v of_o the_o provision_n of_o forage_n &_o grain_n for_o scarcity_n do_v more_o consume_v a_o army_n then_o fight_v and_o hunger_n be_v more_o cruel_a than_o the_o sword_n moreover_o other_o casualtye_n be_v help_v in_o time_n but_o the_o provide_v of_o forage_n &_o victual_n have_v no_o help_n or_o remedy_n unless_o they_o be_v lay_v up_o before_o hand_n in_o any_o manner_n of_o enterprise_n this_o be_v one_o and_o the_o chief_a counsel_n y_fw-es thou_o army_n may_v have_v sufficient_a to_o live_v with_o that_o lack_n of_o necessary_a thing_n may_v weaken_v the_o enemy_n therefore_o before_o war_n be_v begin_v there_o aught_o to_o be_v a_o wise_n and_o prudent_a device_n for_o money_n and_o other_o charge_n that_o forage_n grain_n &_o other_o victual_n which_o the_o old_a custom_n do_v require_v of_o foreigner_n may_v be_v gather_v in_o time_n and_o great_a store_n thereof_o then_o be_v sufficient_a always_o lay_v up_o in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v strong_o fence_v and_o most_o convenient_a to_o serve_v the_o turn_n if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o tribute_n or_o payment_n do_v fail_v all_o thing_n must_v be_v compass_v &_o get_v with_o money_n pay_v before_o hand_n for_o possession_n of_o riches_n be_v not_o without_o care_n except_o it_o be_v keep_v with_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o many_o time_n there_o be_v twice_o as_o much_o need_n &_o a_o sâ—ege_n oftentimes_o be_v long_o than_o they_o think_v it_o will_v be_v when_o as_o the_o enemy_n themselves_o be_v almost_o famish_v do_v not_o geve_v over_o to_o besiege_v they_o who_o they_o hope_v may_v be_v overcome_v with_o famine_n furthermore_o whatsoever_o cattle_n graiâ—e_v or_o wine_n the_o enemy_n that_o cause_v war_n can_v prevent_v and_o take_v to_o their_o own_o provision_n of_o victual_n the_o owner_n thereof_o not_o only_o be_v warn_v by_o public_a commandment_n but_o also_o constrain_v by_o choose_a searcher_n the_o fame_n must_v be_v bring_v to_o convenient_a hold_v and_o streng_z then_v with_o garrison_n of_o arm_a man_n or_o to_o safe_a and_o sure_o defence_v city_n and_o the_o foreign_a people_n must_v be_v call_v earnest_o upon_o to_o keep_v themselves_o and_o all_o that_o they_o â—â—ue_v within_o their_o wall_n before_o the_o enemy_n 〈◊〉_d enter_v in_o for_o the_o repair_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o ordinance_n must_v be_v look_v too_o before_o for_o if_o the_o enemy_n do_v once_o prevent_v they_o be_v otherwise_o occupy_v every_o thing_n be_v disorder_v through_o fear_n and_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v to_o be_v demand_v of_o other_o city_n be_v always_o deny_v after_o that_o the_o passage_n be_v once_o stop_v but_o to_o keep_v those_o thing_n trustelye_o that_o may_v be_v save_v and_o to_o destribute_v they_o moderate_o be_v as_o good_a as_o if_o there_o be_v plenty_n namely_o if_o from_o the_o beginning_n they_o be_v well_o look_v to_o but_o it_o be_v to_o late_o to_o spare_v when_o nothing_o be_v remain_v in_o hard_a and_o dangerous_a voyage_n the_o ancient_a warrior_n do_v use_v to_o bestow_v the_o victual_n rather_o accord_v to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o soldier_n then_o to_o the_o worthiness_n of_o they_o so_o that_o after_o the_o necessity_n be_v past_a than_o recompense_n be_v make_v to_o those_o that_o be_v worthy_a of_o the_o common_a charge_n and_o cost_n in_o the_o winter_n the_o scarceness_n of_o wood_n and_o forage_n in_o summer_n the_o lack_n of_o water_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v but_o the_o want_n of_o grain_n wine_n and_o vinegar_n and_o also_o of_o salt_n at_o all_o time_n be_v to_o be_v shun_v so_o that_o such_o soldier_n as_o can_v do_v least_o service_n in_o the_o field_n shall_v defend_v the_o city_n and_o hold_v with_o armour_n arrow_n wringstave_n sling_n and_o also_o stone_n artillerye_o of_o all_o sort_n and_o chief_o we_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o the_o uncyrcumspecte_n simple_a foreign_a people_n confederate_a with_o we_o be_v not_o deceive_v by_o the_o craft_n and_o perjury_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o oftentimes_o deceitful_a covenant_n and_o feign_a peace_n have_v do_v more_o harm_n to_o such_o as_o be_v light_o of_o credit_n than_o the_o force_n of_o arm_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o be_v altogether_o do_v suffer_v hunger_n and_o if_o they_o be_v disperse_v they_o be_v easy_o onecome_v by_o such_o as_o every_o foot_n will_v be_v skirmish_v with_o they_o ¶_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o ought_v to_o foresee_v jest_n the_o soldier_n do_v make_v any_o stir_n or_o sedition_n chap._n four_o a_o army_n gather_v out_o of_o sundry_a place_n sometime_o do_v stir_v up_o sedition_n and_o uproar_n and_o when_o they_o be_v not_o will_v to_o fight_v they_o fain_o themselves_o to_o be_v angry_a to_o the_o intent_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v lead_v to_o battle_n which_o they_o chief_o do_v that_o live_v at_o home_o idle_o and_o deliciouslye_o for_o they_o which_o will_v shrink_v from_o fight_v run_v headlong_o into_o such_o desperateness_n because_o they_o be_v grieve_v with_o the_o sharpness_n 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take_v their_o meat_n weary_a in_o their_o journey_n feed_v their_o horse_n and_o suspect_v no_o such_o thing_n at_o all_o which_o thing_n both_o we_o ourselves_o must_v avoid_v and_o in_o such_o manner_n of_o occasion_n we_o must_v annoy_v our_o enemy_n for_o neither_o manhood_n nor_o yet_o the_o number_n of_o man_n can_v help_v such_o as_o be_v oppress_v by_o such_o a_o chance_n for_o as_o much_o as_o he_o that_o in_o battle_n be_v overcome_v in_o open_a fight_n although_o policy_n and_o cunning_n do_v there_o avail_v very_o much_o yet_o he_o may_v accuse_v or_o allege_v ill_a fortune_n for_o his_o defence_n but_o he_o that_o have_v fall_v into_o the_o sudden_a come_v on_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o their_o
profit_n and_o commodity_n for_o a_o city_n to_o have_v within_o the_o wall_n well_n and_o springe_n ever_o continue_v and_o endure_v if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n do_v not_o serve_v they_o must_v you_o dig_v pit_n of_o what_o deepness_n soever_o you_o think_v good_a and_o draw_v up_o the_o water_n with_o rope_n but_o some_o time_n the_o place_n which_o be_v fence_v with_o mountain_n &_o rock_n be_v more_o dry_a than_o other_o in_o such_o a_o case_n you_o may_v build_v a_o fort_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n &_o so_o shall_v you_o by_o dig_v find_v water_n and_o from_o of_o the_o fort_n defend_v it_o with_o dart_n or_o other_o shot_n appoint_v for_o the_o purpose_n that_o there_o may_v be_v free_a go_v and_o come_v for_o the_o fetch_n of_o water_n if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o water_n be_v without_o the_o cast_v of_o the_o dart_n &_o yet_o in_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n under_o the_o city_n it_o be_v mete_v that_o a_o little_a fort_n which_o they_o call_v a_o blockehouse_n be_v build_v between_o the_o city_n and_o the_o springe_n and_o there_o to_o be_v place_v ordinance_n and_o archer_n that_o the_o water_n may_v be_v defend_v from_o the_o enemy_n moreover_o in_o all_o the_o public_a and_o common_a building_n of_o the_o city_n and_o in_o many_o private_a building_n there_o shall_v be_v cistern_n most_o diligent_o ordain_v that_o they_o may_v be_v receipt_n for_o rain_n water_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o house_n for_o thirst_n do_v seldom_o overcome_v they_o which_o in_o a_o siege_n have_v use_v water_n only_o for_o their_o drink_n though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o little_a ¶_o if_o â—ault_n shall_v fail_v in_o the_o city_n what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v chapter_n xj_o if_o the_o city_n stand_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o salt_n be_v want_v take_v water_n out_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o pour_v it_o into_o broad_a vessel_n and_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o will_v turn_v to_o salt_n if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o enemy_n do_v stop_v thou_o from_o the_o water_n for_o that_o often_o time_n do_v chance_v then_o take_v the_o sand_n which_o the_o sea_n cast_v up_o and_o wash_v the_o same_o with_o fresh_a water_n and_o that_o water_n be_v dry_v will_v turn_v likewise_o into_o salt_n ¶_o what_o shall_v be_v do_v when_o the_o enemy_n do_v first_o assault_v the_o wall_n chapter_n twelve_o vuhat_o time_n as_o the_o assault_n be_v give_v to_o a_o castle_n or_o city_n great_a be_v the_o danger_n on_o both_o part_n but_o great_a be_v the_o bloodshed_n of_o they_o that_o geve_v the_o assault_n for_o they_o that_o covet_v to_o enter_v the_o wall_n with_o rerrible_a preparation_n show_v forth_o all_o their_o army_n and_o with_o noise_n of_o man_n and_o trumpet_n fray_v the_o town_n hope_v thereby_o to_o make_v it_o yield_v then_o the_o town_n man_n be_v astony_v at_o the_o first_o burn_v for_o fear_n dismay_v the_o unexercised_a if_o they_o know_v not_o the_o experience_n of_o such_o danger_n quick_o loose_v their_o city_n if_o the_o enemy_n set_v ladder_n to_o the_o wall_n if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o at_o the_o first_o meeting_n the_o enemy_n be_v put_v back_o by_o bold_a and_o warlike_a man_n straight_a way_n the_o town_n man_n wax_v bold_a and_o then_o they_o fight_v not_o with_o fear_n but_o with_o courage_n &_o cunning_a ¶_o a_o rehearsal_n of_o engine_n with_o which_o the_o wall_n be_v assault_v chap._n xiij_o the_o engine_n that_o be_v set_v to_o wall_n be_v in_o latin_a call_v testudines_fw-la arietes_n falces_fw-la vineae_fw-la plutei_fw-la musculi_fw-la turres_n in_o english_a snail_n ram_n hook_n vine_n desk_n mouse_n turrettes_n of_o which_o particular_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o may_v be_v make_v by_o what_o manner_n cunning_a also_o they_o may_v fight_v or_o be_v drive_v back_o i_o will_v hereafter_o declare_v ¶_o of_o the_o batter_a ram_n the_o hook_n and_o the_o snail_n chap._n xiiii_o the_o engine_n call_v testudo_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o snail_n be_v join_v together_o of_o timber_n and_o board_n which_o to_o keep_v away_o fire_n be_v cover_v witâ—_n leather_n or_o hearâ—clothes_n or_o any_o patch_a cloth_n this_o engine_n have_v within_o it_o a_o beam_n which_o be_v head_v with_o a_o crooked_a iron_n call_v falx_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o hook_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v draw_v stone_n out_o of_o the_o wall_n or_o else_o the_o head_n of_o the_o self_n same_o beam_n be_v cover_v all_o with_o iron_n and_o be_v name_v aries_n that_o be_v a_o ram_n either_o because_o it_o have_v a_o very_a hard_a forehead_n to_o cast_v down_o the_o wall_n or_o else_o because_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o ram_n it_o go_v backward_o to_o the_o intent_n it_o may_v strike_v with_o a_o more_o vehement_n force_n but_o testudo_fw-la have_v take_v that_o name_n of_o the_o form_n &_o similitude_n of_o the_o very_a snail_n in_o deed_n because_o like_a as_o the_o snail_n sometime_o pluck_v back_o her_o head_n sometime_o put_v it_o forth_o even_o â—o_o this_o engine_n sometime_o draw_v the_o beam_n back_o sometime_o thrust_v it_o out_o that_o it_o may_v strike_v with_o great_a power_n ¶_o of_o sheddes_n desk_n and_o countermure_n chap._n xv_o the_o engine_n name_v vinea_fw-la that_o be_v a_o vine_n be_v compact_a of_o light_a wood_n and_o it_o be_v viij_o foot_n high_a seven_o footâ—_n broad_a and_o xuj_o foot_n long_o the_o cover_v of_o it_o be_v double_a with_o board_n and_o hurdle_n the_o side_n also_o be_v hedge_v with_o rod_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v pierce_v with_o violence_n of_o stone_n and_o dart_n the_o out_o side_n be_v cover_v with_o raw_a &_o new_a hide_n or_o else_o with_o tyltclothe_n that_o it_o be_v not_o set_v on_o fire_n a_o number_n of_o these_o be_v join_v together_o in_o a_o row_n under_o the_o which_o the_o besieger_n be_v safe_a do_v pierce_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n to_o throw_v they_o down_o plutei_fw-la be_v call_v which_o after_o the_o similitude_n of_o a_o compass_a vault_n or_o arch_n be_v compact_v of_o rod_n and_o cover_v above_o with_o heareclothe_n or_o leather_n and_o be_v move_v as_o it_o be_v a_o cart_n unto_o what_o part_n soever_o you_o will_v with_o three_o little_a wheel_n of_o the_o which_o one_o be_v set_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o two_o in_o the_o head_n or_o forepart_n these_o do_v the_o besieger_n bring_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o stand_v under_o they_o with_o arrow_n or_o sling_n or_o dart_n drive_v away_o the_o defender_n from_o the_o wall_n that_o they_o may_v better_o sâ—ale_v the_o wall_n with_o ladder_n but_o that_o that_o be_v call_v agger_fw-la or_o countermure_z be_v raise_v up_o of_o earth_n and_o wood_n against_o the_o wall_n from_o the_o which_o the_o dart_n be_v throw_v ¶_o of_o engine_n call_v musculi_fw-la chapter_n xuj_o mvsculi_fw-la be_v less_o engine_n with_o the_o which_o the_o man_n of_o war_n be_v cover_v if_o mire_n or_o the_o ditch_n of_o the_o city_n do_v hinder_v they_o do_v not_o only_o fill_v the_o same_o but_o also_o make_v it_o hard_a with_o stone_n wood_n and_o earth_n bring_v thereunto_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o movable_a tower_n may_v be_v join_v to_o the_o wall_n without_o any_o let_v or_o hindrance_n they_o be_v call_v musculi_fw-la of_o beast_n of_o the_o sea_n like_v unto_o mouse_n for_o like_a as_o they_o although_o they_o be_v lesser_a yet_o the_o aid_n and_o help_v the_o whale_n in_o go_v before_o they_o for_o dashinge_v against_o rock_n even_o so_o these_o lesser_a and_o short_a engine_n appoint_v to_o serve_v the_o great_a movable_a tower_n with_o wheel_n do_v prepare_v the_o way_n for_o their_o come_n and_o fortify_v the_o passage_n before_o they_o ¶_o of_o tower_n mouâ—ble_a chap._n xvij_o tower_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o engine_n join_v together_o of_o beam_n and_o board_n after_o the_o similitude_n of_o building_n and_o to_o keep_v so_o great_a a_o work_n from_o fyringe_n by_o the_o enemy_n it_o be_v most_o diligent_o fence_v on_o all_o part_n with_o raw_a hide_n or_o tilt_n clothes_n for_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o breadth_n for_o sometime_o they_o be_v thirty_o foot_n broad_a by_o the_o square_n sometime_o xl_o or_o l._n but_o the_o tallenes_n or_o height_n must_v be_v such_o that_o they_o may_v pass_v in_o height_n not_o only_o the_o wall_n but_o also_o the_o tower_n of_o stone_n these_o tower_n must_v have_v many_o wheel_n cunning_o make_v by_o the_o easy_a roll_n of_o the_o which_o so_o great_a a_o frame_n may_v be_v move_v and_o it_o be_v present_a danger_n to_o the_o city_n if_o the_o tower_n come_v once_o to_o the_o wall_n for_o it_o have_v with_o it_o a_o number_n of_o ladder_n &_o diverse_a way_n
overthrow_v horseman_n and_o footman_n but_o also_o break_v the_o engine_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o sunder_o ¶_o against_o the_o engine_n name_v a_o ram_n be_v flockebedde_n or_o matress_n very_o good_a also_o roope_n and_o great_a pillar_n chapter_n xxiij_o against_o the_o batter_a ram_n or_o hook_n there_o be_v many_o help_n and_o remedy_n for_o some_o with_o cord_n let_v down_o their_o tiltclothe_n and_o other_o patch_a gear_n and_o mattress_n and_o so_o let_v they_o hang_v in_o such_o place_n as_o the_o ram_n do_v beat_v that_o the_o violence_n and_o force_n of_o the_o engine_n may_v be_v break_v with_o the_o softness_n of_o these_o and_o not_o throw_v down_o the_o wall_n some_o other_o with_o a_o number_n of_o man_n do_v from_o the_o wall_n catch_v the_o ram_n with_o roope_n and_o draw_v it_o a_o side_n overthrow_v it_o many_o use_n to_o tie_v unto_o roope_n a_o piece_n of_o iron_n much_o like_o unto_o a_o pair_n of_o shear_n full_a of_o tooth_n which_o they_o call_v lupum_fw-la and_o so_o either_o they_o do_v overthrow_v the_o ram_n catch_v with_o the_o same_o or_o else_o lift_v it_o up_o that_o it_o have_v no_o force_n to_o strike_v sometime_o they_o throw_v down_o huge_a stone_n of_o marble_n or_o other_o of_o like_a hardness_n from_o the_o wall_n and_o all_o to_o break_v the_o ram_n if_o the_o force_n of_o the_o ram_n shall_v be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o shall_v beat_v through_o the_o wall_n and_o cast_v it_o down_o as_o oftentimes_o it_o chance_v then_o be_v there_o none_o other_o help_n but_o to_o pull_v down_o your_o house_n and_o make_v another_o wall_n within_o &_o so_o between_o two_o wall_n to_o slay_v your_o enemy_n if_o they_o break_v in_o ¶_o of_o undermine_v and_o throw_v down_o wall_n that_o way_n chap._n twenty-four_o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o assault_n that_o be_v under_o y_fw-es earth_n and_o privy_n which_o be_v call_v undermininge_n the_o manner_n of_o it_o be_v this_o a_o number_n of_o pioneer_n dig_v in_o the_o earth_n as_o miner_n do_v and_o make_v a_o trenchâ—_n by_o that_o mean_n seek_v to_o destroy_v the_o city_n the_o which_o by_o two_o way_n they_o bring_v to_o pass_v for_o either_o they_o do_v enter_v the_o city_n and_o by_o night_n when_o the_o town_n man_n be_v not_o ware_n of_o it_o do_v issue_n out_o of_o their_o trench_n and_o unlockinge_v the_o gate_n let_v in_o their_o own_o army_n and_o slay_v the_o enemy_n in_o their_o house_n at_o unwares_o or_o else_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n they_o dig_v under_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o and_o with_o dry_a timber_n underset_v it_o that_o for_o a_o while_o it_o may_v not_o fall_v afterward_o they_o lie_v many_o faggot_n and_o such_o like_a dry_a fuel_n about_o it_o and_o have_v place_v their_o soldier_n in_o array_n they_o set_v fire_n to_o it_o so_o that_o the_o pillar_n of_o wood_n and_o board_n be_v burn_v and_o the_o wall_n there_o with_o fall_v sudden_o they_o have_v a_o way_n lay_v open_a for_o they_o to_o burst_v in_o at_o ¶_o what_o the_o town_n man_n oughe_o to_o do_v if_o the_o enemy_n burst_v into_o the_o city_n chap._n twenty-five_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o infinite_a example_n that_o they_o which_o have_v enter_v their_o enemy_n city_n oftentimes_o have_v be_v so_o slay_v that_o not_o one_o have_v escape_v which_o thing_n without_o doubt_n do_v come_v to_o pass_v if_o the_o town_n man_n do_v keep_v their_o wall_n and_o tower_n or_o take_v first_o the_o high_a place_n for_o then_o such_o as_o be_v of_o age_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v overwhelm_v with_o stone_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o weapon_n such_o as_o do_v break_v in_o the_o which_o to_o avoid_v wise_a captain_n set_v open_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n to_o intent_n that_o have_a leave_n to_o depart_v they_o may_v not_o resist_v for_o desperation_n in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v a_o necessary_a enforcement_n to_o manhood_n the_o town_n man_n have_v only_o this_o help_n whether_o the_o enemy_n enter_v by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n to_o hold_v and_o keep_v their_o wall_n and_o tower_n and_o to_o climb_v up_o to_o the_o high_a place_n and_o so_o to_o overthrow_v their_o enemy_n on_o every_o side_n in_o all_o the_o street_n of_o the_o city_n ¶_o what_o heed_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v jest_n the_o enemy_n privy_o take_v the_o wall_n chap._n xxuj_o many_o time_n in_o besieger_n do_v invent_v some_o guile_n or_o craft_n and_o by_o a_o counterfeit_n desperation_n depart_v a_o good_a way_n of_o but_o when_o as_o after_o fear_n be_v past_a the_o unheedefull_a and_o careless_a town_n man_n have_v take_v rest_n watch_v of_o the_o wall_n be_v give_v over_o the_o enemy_n come_v privy_o with_o ladder_n take_v occasion_n of_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n and_o so_o climb_v the_o wall_n for_o which_o cause_n a_o great_a and_o more_o diligent_a heed_n must_v be_v have_v when_o as_o the_o enemy_n be_v go_v away_o and_o in_o the_o very_a wall_n and_o tower_n ought_v small_a cabin_n to_o be_v make_v in_o which_o the_o watch_n man_n in_o winter_n season_n may_v be_v defend_v from_o shower_n and_o cold_a and_o in_o summer_n from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n this_o thing_n also_o experience_n have_v find_v that_o in_o the_o tower_n be_v good_a to_o keep_v fierce_a dog_n and_o quick_a of_o smell_v which_o can_v perceive_v the_o come_n of_o the_o enemy_n by_o the_o scent_n and_o geve_v warning_n thereof_o by_o bark_v also_o goose_n by_o like_a skill_n of_o nature_n declare_v by_o their_o cry_n the_o sudden_a invasion_n of_o the_o enemy_n by_o night_n for_o the_o french_a man_n enter_v into_o the_o chief_a tower_n or_o palace_n of_o rome_n call_v capitolium_fw-la have_v for_o ever_o blot_v out_o the_o name_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v not_o manlius_n withstand_v they_o be_v raise_v up_o with_o the_o cry_v of_o goose_n and_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o one_o goose_n they_o be_v save_v which_o afterward_o subdue_v the_o whole_a world_n ¶_o how_o the_o townâ—s_a man_n may_v be_v deceive_v chap._n xxvii_o above_o all_o thing_n it_o be_v count_v the_o great_a matter_n not_o only_o in_o siege_n but_o even_o in_o all_o kind_n of_o war_n to_o spy_v out_o and_o know_v diligent_o the_o custom_n and_o use_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o you_o can_v convenient_o by_o lay_v wait_n for_o they_o deceive_v they_o except_o you_o know_v at_o what_o hour_n they_o cease_v from_o their_o labour_n and_o at_o what_o time_n they_o be_v less_o circumspect_a whether_o at_o none_o or_o towards_o even_o or_o in_o the_o night_n or_o at_o such_o time_n as_o they_o eat_v their_o meat_n when_o as_o y_fw-es soldier_n of_o both_o side_n be_v disperse_v to_o take_v their_o rest_n and_o to_o refresh_v their_o body_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o besieger_n perceive_v subtle_o they_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o battle_n that_o they_o may_v geve_v free_a liberty_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o be_v very_o negligent_a which_o negligence_n what_o time_n as_o it_o shall_v be_v great_a for_o that_o they_o fear_v nothing_o than_o the_o besieger_n shall_v sudden_o bring_v their_o engine_n and_o ladder_n to_o the_o wall_n and_o take_v the_o city_n therefore_o in_o the_o wall_n the_o town_n man_n ought_v to_o have_v stone_n and_o ordinance_n in_o a_o readiness_n to_o the_o end_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o deceit_n be_v know_v they_o may_v resist_v and_o have_v at_o hand_n such_o thing_n as_o they_o may_v roll_n and_o cast_v upon_o the_o head_n of_o their_o enemy_n ¶_o what_o the_o besieger_n ought_v to_o do_v that_o they_o be_v not_o entrap_v of_o the_o town_n man_n chap._n xxviii_o if_o the_o besieger_n likewise_o be_v negligent_a they_o be_v as_o soon_o catch_v by_o deceit_n as_o the_o other_o for_o whether_o they_o be_v occupy_v at_o meat_n or_o sleep_v or_o else_o scatter_v a_o sunder_o through_o idleness_n or_o any_o other_o necessity_n then_o the_o town_n man_n sudden_o rush_v forth_o they_o slay_v they_o ere_o they_o be_v aware_a set_v on_o fire_n their_o engine_n ram_n and_o the_o very_a countermur_n and_o overthrow_v all_o the_o work_n that_o be_v make_v against_o they_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o besieger_n do_v make_v a_o trench_n a_o stone_n cast_v of_o and_o so_o furnish_v the_o same_o not_o only_o with_o a_o pale_a and_o stake_n but_o also_o with_o turrette_n and_o fortress_n that_o they_o may_v easy_o withstand_v they_o that_o issue_n forth_o of_o the_o city_n which_o work_n they_o call_v loriculam_fw-la and_o oftentimes_o when_o a_o siege_n be_v describe_v in_o any_o history_n you_o shall_v read_v that_o this_o or_o that_o town_n be_v compass_v round_o about_o with_o this_o paleworke_n call_v loricula_fw-la ¶_o with_o what_o kind_n of_o
to_o the_o skroule_n the_o soldier_n to_o the_o sword_n the_o merchant_n to_o the_o purse_n the_o thrasher_n to_o the_o flail_n the_o sheapehearde_n to_o the_o flock_n the_o mariner_n to_o the_o sail_n john_n higgins_n as_o war_n have_v win_v eternal_a fame_n &_o find_v a_o last_a praise_n as_o war_n have_v kingdom_n great_a preserve_v &_o keep_v they_o from_o decayse_n so_o sure_a the_o feat_n of_o war_n do_v pass_v which_o if_o thou_o can_v attain_v shall_v cause_v the_o win_v the_o field_n and_o live_v to_o see_v thy_o enemy_n slay_v this_o saddler_n by_o translate_n of_o vegetius_n show_v so_o well_o that_o thou_o by_o practice_n may_v attain_v and_o therein_o soon_o excel_v four_o book_n there_o be_v the_o first_o do_v teach_v to_o muster_v and_o to_o choose_v and_o after_o choice_n what_o exercise_n to_o practice_n learn_v and_o use_v the_o next_o declare_v how_o wyghtye_a war_n divide_v be_v in_o part_n how_o legion_n wing_n &_o army_n stand_v and_o teach_v each_o their_o art_n the_o third_o of_o good_a provision_n show_v &_o how_o the_o army_n knit_v which_o way_n to_o skirmish_n fight_v &_o frame_n your_o force_n with_o wile_n of_o wit._n the_o last_o do_v teach_v how_o city_n may_v prepare_v for_o their_o defence_n and_o tell_v what_o engine_n erst_o be_v use_v to_o drive_v the_o enemy_n thence_o likewise_o what_o ship_n on_o sourginge_a sea_n in_o time_n of_o war_n do_v well_o by_o sea_n what_o wile_n &_o weapon_n cause_n the_o soldier_n to_o excel_v in_o such_o a_o sort_n be_v these_o so_o pen_v by_o saddler_n painful_a skill_n vegetius_n teach_v englishmen_n the_o feat_n of_o war_n at_o will_n and_o learn_v himself_o a_o language_n strange_a he_o erst_o ne_o wit_v before_o thus_o he_o by_o sadler_n teach_v of_o war_n do_v teach_v and_o learn_v more_o sadleri_fw-la carmen_fw-la ad_fw-la praecedentia_fw-la cvius_o hae_fw-la laudes_fw-la nisi_fw-la brudenelli_n mâ—litis_fw-la clari_fw-la atque_fw-la equitis_fw-la britanni_n cuique_fw-la si_fw-la quid_fw-la sit_fw-la meritò_fw-la putetur_fw-la maius_n honore_fw-la quicquid_fw-la huius_fw-la sit_fw-la studiâ—_n laboris_fw-la huius_fw-la hortatu_fw-la patriae_fw-la tributum_fw-la una_fw-la causa_fw-la &_o fons_fw-la fuit_fw-la iste_fw-la primus_fw-la solus_fw-la &_o author_n si_fw-mi tamen_fw-la verum_fw-la volumus_fw-la fateri_fw-la nemo_fw-la preterquà m_fw-la deus_fw-la ipse_fw-la solus_fw-la dignus_fw-la est_fw-la sic_fw-la cvi_fw-la tribuenda_fw-la laus_fw-la sit_fw-la omnis_fw-la honorque_fw-la the_o same_o to_o who_o be_v all_o these_o praise_n due_a and_o more_o than_o these_o by_o right_a but_o to_o sir_n edmonde_n brudenell_n that_o worthy_a english_a knight_n whatsoever_o fruit_n may_v by_o this_o work_n redound_v unto_o this_o land_n at_o his_o request_n the_o same_o be_v do_v and_o take_v first_o in_o hand_n but_o if_o the_o truth_n we_o will_v confess_v no_o man_n but_o god_n in_o throne_n be_v meet_v to_o who_o all_o laud_n and_o praise_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v alone_o a_o compendious_fw-la treatise_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o war_n write_v by_o flavius_n vegetius_n a_o famous_a author_n unto_o valentinianus_n augustus_n gather_v out_o of_o the_o commentary_n of_o cato_n celsus_n traianus_n hadrianus_n and_o frontinus_n the_o prologue_n of_o the_o first_o book_n the_o manner_n have_v be_v of_o old_a time_n to_o write_v the_o study_n of_o good_a science_n &_o the_o same_o orderly_a bring_v into_o book_n to_o dedicate_v unto_o prince_n because_o neither_o any_o thing_n be_v well_o begin_v except_o the_o chief_a prince_n after_o god_n shall_v like_v well_o thereof_o neither_o do_v it_o become_v any_o man_n to_o know_v either_o better_a thing_n or_o more_o thing_n than_o the_o prince_n who_o knowledge_n may_v be_v profitable_a to_o all_o his_o subject_n which_o knowledge_n that_o octavius_n augustus_n and_o other_o good_a prince_n after_o he_o willing_o have_v have_v and_o practise_v it_o be_v declare_v by_o manifold_a example_n by_o that_o mean_n through_o the_o testimony_n of_o ruler_n have_v eloquence_n increase_v and_o yet_o adventure_v be_v by_o no_o mean_n blame_v be_v compel_v by_o this_o imitation_n when_o i_o consider_v that_o your_o clemency_n more_o than_o other_o may_v pardon_v the_o bold_a enterprise_n of_o learning_n i_o have_v not_o great_o perceive_v myself_o to_o be_v so_o much_o inferior_a to_o the_o old_a writer_n although_o in_o this_o work_n neither_o elegancye_n of_o word_n nor_o sharpness_n of_o wit_n be_v necessary_a but_o diligent_a and_o faithful_a labour_n that_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v scatter_v and_o darckelye_o write_v by_o diverse_a historiographer_n &_o such_o as_o teach_v the_o school_n of_o arm_n hide_v and_o unknown_a may_v of_o i_o be_v set_v forth_o open_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o roman_n therefore_o as_o touch_v the_o choyse_n and_o train_n of_o young_a soldier_n i_o do_v mean_a by_o certain_a degree_n and_o title_n to_o represent_v the_o ancient_a manner_n not_o that_o these_o thing_n may_v seem_v unknown_a to_o you_o most_o puisante_n emperor_n but_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o first_o beginner_n of_o the_o roman_n empire_n have_v heretofore_o observe_v what_o thitge_v you_o at_o this_o time_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n do_v willing_o practice_v &_o to_o show_v you_o how_o to_o find_v out_o of_o this_o little_a book_n for_o all_o most_o weighty_a and_o necessary_a affair_n whatsoever_o may_v appear_v at_o all_o time_n most_o requisite_a that_o the_o roman_n through_o the_o only_a exercise_n of_o arm_n have_v overcome_v all_o nation_n the_o first_o chapter_n in_o any_o manner_n of_o war_n not_o so_o much_o in_o the_o great_a number_n of_o man_n &_o manhood_n without_o skill_n as_o in_o knowledge_n and_o practice_n do_v consist_v the_o victory_n for_o why_o we_o see_v that_o by_o no_o other_o mean_v the_o roman_n have_v subdue_v the_o whole_a world_n unto_o they_o but_o by_o exercise_n of_o arm_n the_o exact_v knowledge_n of_o encamp_v and_o use_v of_o war_n how_o can_v else_o the_o roman_n be_v but_o a_o few_o have_v prevail_v against_o the_o frenchman_n be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n how_o dare_v else_o the_o say_a roman_n be_v of_o so_o small_a stature_n have_v adventure_v against_o the_o german_n be_v so_o high_a and_o tall_a it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o the_o spaniard_n not_o only_o in_o multitude_n but_o also_o in_o strength_n of_o body_n have_v excel_v our_o man_n with_o the_o aphricans_n in_o subtlety_n and_o riches_n we_o be_v never_o comparable_a no_o man_n at_o any_o time_n have_v doubt_v but_o in_o science_n &_o wisdom_n the_o greek_n have_v far_o pass_v we_o but_o always_o we_o find_v it_o profitable_a to_o those_o a_o active_a and_o wise_a soldier_n to_o teach_v he_o if_o i_o may_v so_o term_v it_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n to_o confirm_v his_o knowledge_n by_o daily_a exercise_n to_o make_v he_o understand_v by_o train_n he_o at_o home_n such_o thing_n as_o may_v befall_v in_o battle_n abroad_o and_o sharp_o to_o take_v punishment_n of_o the_o dull_a and_o slothful_a soldier_n for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o war_n make_v man_n more_o bold_a to_o fight_v no_o man_n fear_v at_o any_o time_n to_o do_v that_o which_o he_o persuade_v himself_o he_o have_v thorough_o learn_v sure_o in_o battle_n a_o small_a number_n well_o practise_v soon_o get_v the_o victory_n than_o a_o rude_a and_o unskilful_a multitude_n always_o in_o danger_n of_o slay_v ¶_o out_o of_o what_o country_n a_o young_a soldier_n shall_v be_v choose_v chapter_n two_o the_o order_n of_o thing_n for_o our_o purpose_n do_v require_v that_o in_o the_o first_o part_n we_o entreat_v out_o of_o what_o province_n or_o country_n young_a soldier_n shall_v be_v choose_v for_o it_o be_v most_o sure_a and_o evident_a that_o in_o all_o place_n both_o coward_n and_o hardy_a man_n be_v breed_v but_o yet_o because_o one_o nation_n do_v excel_v a_o other_o in_o war_n and_o the_o climate_n of_o the_o heaven_n do_v very_o much_o avail_v not_o only_o to_o strengthen_v the_o body_n but_o also_o the_o mind_n for_o in_o this_o place_n what_o be_v of_o the_o best_a learned_a man_n most_o approve_a &_o allow_v i_o mean_v not_o to_o pretermit_v they_o say_v that_o all_o nation_n which_o be_v nigh_o to_o the_o sun_n parch_a &_o dry_v with_o over_o much_o heat_n have_v more_o wit_n in_o deed_n but_o yet_o less_o blood_n within_o they_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n they_o dare_v not_o manful_o &_o bold_o stand_v to_o it_o when_o they_o fight_v well_o know_v how_o little_a blood_n they_o have_v &_o fear_n much_o therefore_o wound_a contrariwise_o the_o people_n of_o the_o north_n who_o the_o sun_n burn_v not_o so_o never_o be_v more_o rash_a and_o unadvised_a yet_o a_o great_a deal_n better_o blood_a be_v most_o ready_a of_o all_o &_o desirous_a of_o war_n out_o of_o the_o more_o temperate_a cost_n than_o shall_v soldier_n be_v
with_o their_o enemy_n weapon_n and_o that_o when_o need_n shall_v require_v have_v rest_v themselves_o so_o well_o they_o may_v more_o vehement_o assault_v and_o set_v upon_o their_o enemy_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o these_o often_o have_v get_v the_o victory_n when_o the_o speareman_n before_o they_o call_v hastati_fw-la have_v be_v slay_v the_o ancient_a warrior_n have_v also_o among_o their_o footman_n such_o as_o be_v call_v light_o harness_v man_n as_o slinger_n and_o other_o with_o light_n armour_n which_o chief_o be_v place_v in_o the_o out_o side_n or_o wing_n by_o who_o ever_o the_o unset_a be_v give_v â–ª_o and_o these_o be_v of_o the_o swift_a and_o best_a exercise_v sort_n neither_o be_v they_o very_o many_o because_o in_o retire_v if_o necessity_n constrain_v they_o be_v succour_v and_o receive_v of_o those_o in_o the_o forefront_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a battle_n stand_v still_o unbroken_a there_o have_v a_o custom_n continue_v almost_o to_o this_o our_o time_n that_o all_o soldier_n use_v cap_n make_v of_o skin_n which_o soldier_n they_o call_v pannonico_v devise_v for_o this_o purpose_n y_fw-es the_o head_n piece_n shall_v not_o seem_v heavy_a to_o any_o man_n in_o fight_n which_o do_v bear_v always_o somewhat_o on_o his_o head_n but_o the_o shot_n which_o the_o army_n on_o foot_n do_v use_v be_v call_v pila_fw-la fasten_v with_o thin_a iron_n to_o the_o forepart_n of_o a_o triangle_n of_o nine_o inch_n or_o a_o foot_n long_o which_o be_v fast_a in_o the_o target_n can_v not_o be_v cute_o away_o and_o be_v skilful_o and_o valiant_o direct_v can_v easy_o break_v in_o sunder_o any_o harness_n of_o the_o which_o kind_n there_o be_v very_o few_o weapon_n now_o among_o we_o but_o the_o foreign_a barbarous_a footman_n that_o have_v shield_n or_o till_n do_v chief_o use_v these_o dart_n which_o they_o call_v bebras_n and_o of_o they_o they_o have_v two_o or_o three_o a_o piece_n moreover_o we_o must_v know_v that_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v try_v with_o dart_n the_o soldier_n must_v set_v their_o left_a foot_n before_o for_o so_o in_o throw_v their_o dart_n when_o they_o step_v in_o with_o their_o right_a leg_n the_o stroke_n be_v much_o more_o vehement_a but_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v come_v to_o the_o pintch_n as_o they_o term_v it_o and_o fight_v as_o it_o be_v at_o the_o half_a sword_n they_o must_v their_o right_a foot_n be_v foremost_a that_o their_o side_n be_v from_o their_o enemy_n lest_o they_o catch_v a_o wound_n and_o that_o their_o right_a hand_n be_v ready_a to_o give_v a_o blow_n when_o need_n be_v therefore_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o young_a soldier_n shall_v be_v furnish_v and_o fence_v with_o all_o cunning_a and_o policy_n in_o fight_v and_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o armour_n and_o weapon_n for_o needs_o must_v he_o fight_v more_o bold_o that_o be_v safe_a of_o breast_n and_o head_n stand_v not_o iâ—_z fear_v of_o wound_a ¶_o of_o the_o fortifyinge_v of_o camp_n chap._n xxi_o the_o soldier_n also_o ought_v to_o learn_v to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n for_o there_o be_v not_o a_o more_o safe_a nor_o a_o more_o necessary_a thing_n in_o all_o war_n for_o why_o if_o the_o army_n be_v well_o plant_v the_o soldier_n so_o safe_o enbulwark_v void_a of_o all_o care_n pass_v over_o day_n and_o night_n yea_o even_o though_o their_o enemy_n besiege_v they_o they_o be_v as_o safe_a as_o though_o they_o have_v a_o wall_a city_n on_o their_o back_n but_o the_o knowledge_n hereof_o be_v utter_o come_v to_o nothing_o it_o be_v long_o ago_o since_o that_o when_o any_o will_v pitch_v their_o camp_n they_o use_v to_o entrench_v they_o and_o set_v stake_n before_o they_o so_o that_o we_o have_v know_v when_o the_o foreign_a horseman_n as_o well_o by_o day_n as_o night_n have_v come_v of_o a_o sudden_a many_o army_n many_o time_n have_v be_v marvellous_o annoy_v but_o not_o only_o the_o fool_n hardy_a without_o the_o camp_n suffer_v these_o thing_n but_o when_o as_o by_o any_o chance_n in_o the_o forebattell_v they_o begin_v to_o retire_v they_o have_v not_o a_o defence_n of_o the_o camp_n where_o to_o save_v themselves_o &_o so_o be_v kill_v up_o like_o dog_n and_o so_o long_o do_v they_o die_v as_o their_o enemy_n please_v to_o pursue_v and_o chase_v they_o ¶_o in_o what_o place_n the_o camp_n shall_v be_v pitch_v chap._n xxij_o the_o camp_n shall_v always_o be_v place_v especial_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v nigh_o in_o a_o place_n out_o of_o danger_n whereas_o may_v be_v plenty_n of_o wood_n forage_n &_o water_n and_o if_o there_o they_o be_v likely_a to_o lie_v long_o a_o consideration_n must_v be_v have_v for_o the_o wholesomeness_n thereof_o they_o must_v also_o take_v heed_n that_o there_o be_v no_o hill_n nigh_o high_a than_o the_o camp_n which_o if_o their_o enemy_n take_v they_o may_v great_o annoy_v they_o they_o must_v also_o consider_v whether_o the_o field_n where_o they_o will_v encamp_v have_v be_v wont_a at_o any_o time_n to_o be_v overflow_v with_o sudden_a water_n which_o by_o the_o like_a chance_n may_v force_v the_o host_n to_o remove_v accord_v to_o the_o number_n of_o soldier_n and_o the_o carriage_n y_fw-fr camp_n must_v be_v fortify_v jest_n the_o great_a multitude_n be_v crown_v into_o small_a room_n or_o lest_o the_o small_a number_n be_v constrain_v to_o stand_v a_o loufe_v one_o from_o another_o and_o more_o scatter_v then_o be_v convenient_a ¶_o in_o what_o form_n the_o camp_n shall_v stand_v chapter_n xxiij_o a_o camp_n must_v be_v pitch_v sometime_o foursquare_a sometime_o threesquare_n sometime_o halferounde_n as_o the_o quality_n or_o necessity_n of_o the_o place_n shall_v require_v but_o the_o gate_n which_o be_v call_v porta_n praetoria_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o gate_n for_o the_o captain_n must_v be_v either_o eastward_o or_o else_o in_o such_o a_o place_n that_o be_v full_a before_o the_o enemy_n or_o if_o they_o be_v iourneyinge_v it_o must_v stand_v that_o way_n whether_o the_o army_n mean_v to_o go_v hard_o within_o this_o gate_n the_o first_o hundred_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o chief_a band_n or_o company_n of_o soldier_n do_v pitch_v their_o pavilion_n and_o place_n their_o standard_n but_o the_o gate_n which_o be_v name_v decumana_fw-la that_o be_v say_v the_o great_a gate_n or_o entry_n into_o the_o camp_n be_v behind_o the_o captain_n gate_n out_o of_o the_o which_o such_o soldier_n as_o offend_v be_v lead_v to_o take_v their_o punishment_n ¶_o with_o what_o thing_n a_o camp_n shall_v be_v fortify_v cap_n xxiiij_o diverse_a way_n a_o camp_n may_v be_v fortify_v &_o especial_a three_o way_n for_o if_o they_o be_v not_o drive_v to_o a_o marvellous_a pinch_n they_o cut_v turf_n out_o of_o y_fw-fr ground_n &_o with_o they_o make_v a_o wall_n as_o it_o be_v a_o wall_n three_o foot_n high_a above_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o where_o the_o turf_n be_v dig_v even_o just_a before_o it_o their_o be_v a_o ditch_n then_o in_o all_o haste_n must_v their_o be_v â—_o ditch_n make_v nine_o foot_n broad_a and_o seven_o foot_n deep_a but_o when_o enemy_n of_o great_a force_n be_v at_o haude_z the_o camp_n must_v be_v fence_v round_o about_o which_o a_o very_a large_a ditch_n so_o that_o it_o be_v by_o the_o line_n as_o they_o call_v it_o twelve_o foot_n broad_a and_o nine_o foot_n deep_a but_o after_o they_o have_v set_v hedge_n above_o the_o same_o every_o way_n with_o earth_n throw_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n and_o cast_v upon_o the_o hedge_n it_o will_v be_v rear_v four_o foot_n high_a and_o thus_o shall_v it_o be_v xiii_o foot_n deep_a and_o twelve_o foot_n broad_a above_o the_o which_o must_v be_v stake_n of_o very_o tough_a wood_n well_o enter_v which_o the_o soldier_n be_v wont_a to_o carry_v for_o the_o which_o purpose_n it_o be_v good_a to_o have_v always_o in_o readiness_n mattock_n or_o spade_n rake_n scuttel_n or_o basket_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o implement_n ¶_o how_o a_o camp_n shall_v be_v fence_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v at_o hand_n chapter_n xxv_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a thing_n to_o fortify_v a_o camp_n when_o enemy_n be_v far_o of_o but_o if_o the_o enemy_n do_v come_v fast_a upon_o they_o than_o all_o the_o horseman_n and_o half_a the_o footman_n be_v set_v in_o battle_n ray_n to_o break_v the_o burn_v of_o the_o enemy_n the_o residue_n behind_o they_o when_o they_o have_v draw_v the_o ditch_n do_v fortify_v the_o camp_n and_o by_o a_o crier_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v proclaim_v what_o the_o first_o company_n have_v do_v what_o the_o second_o what_o the_o third_o what_o the_o four_o until_o they_o have_v finish_v all_o the_o whole_a work_n then_o come_v the_o captain_n to_o view_v and_o measure_v the_o ditch_n and_o such_o as_o
that_o in_o deny_v i_o shall_v appear_v more_o bold_a to_o the_o which_o rashness_n the_o long_a continuance_n of_o your_o accustom_a and_o exceede_v great_a clemency_n have_v encourage_v i_o for_o of_o late_o i_o offer_v a_o little_a book_n of_o the_o chusinge_n and_o train_v up_o of_o young_a soldier_n as_o one_o of_o your_o own_o family_n yet_o â—herein_o sustain_v no_o blame_n and_o therefore_o fear_v i_o not_o at_o your_o commandment_n to_o adventure_v on_o a_o work_n when_o as_o that_o which_o be_v voluntary_o do_v have_v past_o unreprehend_v into_o how_o many_o kind_n the_o art_n of_o war_n may_v be_v divide_v the_o first_o chapter_n what_o soever_o belong_v to_o war_n as_o the_o singular_a and_o notable_a author_n among_o the_o latin_n do_v testify_v consist_v of_o armour_n and_o man_n whatsoever_o pertain_v to_o war_n i_o say_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n horseman_n footman_n and_o navye_n of_o the_o horseman_n one_o sort_n be_v call_v wing_n because_o that_o like_a unto_o wing_n they_o defend_v the_o battle_n on_o both_o side_n which_o now_o be_v call_v vexillationes_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v company_n of_o man_n of_o war_n all_o under_o one_o standard_n a_o velo_n because_o they_o do_v use_v banner_n or_o ueile_n term_v glister_v flag_n or_o ensign_n there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o horseman_n which_o be_v name_v legionacij_fw-la because_o they_o be_v join_v to_o the_o legion_n like_v to_o the_o which_o be_v devise_v another_o kind_n &_o for_o their_o harness_n they_o be_v of_o their_o leg_n call_v ocreati_fw-la there_o be_v likewise_o two_o manner_n of_o navye_n one_o which_o may_v be_v call_v foist_n or_o galley_n and_o the_o other_o of_o ship_n the_o horseman_n keep_v the_o plain_n the_o navye_v the_o sea_n and_o water_n the_o footman_n the_o hill_n city_n the_o champion_n ground_n and_o also_o steep_a place_n whereby_o we_o see_v that_o the_o footman_n be_v most_o necessary_a for_o the_o common_a wealth_n do_v good_a service_n every_o where_o and_o whereof_o a_o great_a number_n may_v be_v maintain_v with_o less_o cost_n and_o charge_n a_o host_n of_o man_n be_v in_o latin_n exercitus_fw-la of_o the_o very_a thing_n itself_o and_o of_o the_o use_n of_o exercise_n have_v therefore_o so_o proper_a a_o name_n give_v unto_o it_o to_o the_o intent_n it_o shall_v never_o forget_v what_o it_o be_v call_v the_o footman_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o one_o sort_n legionary_n the_o other_o aide_n the_o aide_n be_v send_v from_o their_o part_n taker_n and_o confederate_a nation_n the_o roman_a virtue_n do_v far_o exceed_v all_o other_o in_o the_o order_v of_o their_o legion_n a_o legion_n have_v y_fw-fr name_n ab_fw-la eligendo_fw-la which_o word_n of_o itself_o require_v their_o faith_n and_o diligence_n by_o who_o the_o soldier_n be_v allow_v for_o rescue_n &_o aid_v the_o lesser_a number_n for_o legionarye_a soldier_n a_o much_o great_a number_n have_v ever_o customable_o be_v appoint_v ¶_o how_o the_o legionarye_a soldier_n and_o those_o that_o be_v send_v for_o aid_n do_v differ_v cap._n ij_o the_o macedonian_n the_o greek_n the_o trojan_n do_v use_v those_o battle_n which_o they_o call_v phalanges_fw-la about_o the_o number_n of_o .8000_o man_n in_o a_o phalange_n the_o frenchman_n and_o spaniard_n and_o many_o barbarous_a nation_n use_v in_o battle_n such_o as_o they_o call_v gaternas_n wherein_o be_v 6000._o harness_a man_n the_o roman_n have_v legion_n in_o the_o which_o be_v .6000_o warrior_n or_o more_o but_o what_o difference_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v between_o the_o legion_n and_o aid_n i_o will_v plain_o declare_v those_o which_o be_v send_v for_o aid_n come_v from_o sundry_a place_n for_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a hire_n neither_o in_o train_n in_o knowledge_n nor_o in_o disposition_n one_o like_o another_o far_o unlike_o be_v their_o fashion_n their_o use_n of_o their_o armour_n clean_o of_o another_o sort_n and_o needs_o must_v they_o be_v long_o of_o get_v the_o victory_n which_o before_o they_o come_v to_o fight_v differ_v thus_o after_o this_o sort_n final_o whereas_o expedition_n require_v it_o be_v very_o expedient_a that_o all_o the_o soldier_n at_o one_o only_o warn_v shall_v straight_a way_n turn_v themselves_o then_o how_o can_v they_o do_v all_o a_o like_a that_o which_o they_o be_v command_v when_o they_o never_o keep_v any_o company_n altogether_o before_o and_o yet_o these_o thing_n solemn_o use_v often_o exercise_v almost_o daily_a confirm_v profit_v not_o a_o little_a the_o aid_n go_v always_o with_o y_fw-fr legionarye_a soldier_n as_o light_o harness_a man_n in_o the_o forebattayle_n rather_o for_o a_o help_n in_o fight_a then_o a_o principal_a succour_n but_o a_o legion_n where_o be_v but_o one_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o soldier_n have_v in_o it_o complete_a harness_a man_n that_o be_v to_o say_v first_o and_o foremost_a principes_fw-la then_o hastati_fw-la the_o third_o triarij_fw-la or_o of_o the_o rearward_n the_o ensign_n bearer_n then_o light_o harness_v man_n as_o caster_n of_o â—artes_n archer_n man_n with_o sling_n crossbow_n man_n have_v also_o in_o it_o mâ—n_z at_o arm_n and_o such_o as_o be_v annex_v unto_o the_o legion_n call_v legionarye_a horseman_n and_o all_o these_o in_o one_o register_n when_o as_o with_o one_o mind_n and_o one_o consent_n they_o â—ortifye_v the_o camp_n order_n their_o army_n and_o join_v battle_n together_o be_v safe_a and_o sure_a on_o every_o side_n need_v no_o manner_n of_o outward_a help_n or_o aid_v what_o multitude_n be_v so_o many_o that_o such_o a_o army_n shall_v not_o conquer_v as_o we_o be_v plain_o teach_v by_o the_o great_a prowess_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o use_v legion_n always_o in_o such_o sort_n aforesaid_a overcome_v so_o many_o enemy_n as_o either_o willing_o they_o will_v or_o all_o thing_n consider_v they_o possible_a can_v ¶_o the_o cause_n why_o legion_n have_v be_v waste_v and_o diminish_v chap._n iij._n the_o name_n of_o legion_n remain_v yet_o till_o this_o day_n but_o through_o negligence_n of_o former_a time_n the_o strength_n thereof_o be_v abate_v for_o in_o ambition_n prevent_v manhood_n have_v get_v away_o his_o due_a reward_n &_o soldier_n now_o a_o day_n be_v promote_v by_o favour_n which_o never_o be_v promote_v but_o only_o by_o labour_n and_o again_o for_o this_o cause_n y_fw-es when_o we_o have_v pay_v a_o certain_a their_o wage_n &_o with_o a_o passport_n as_o the_o custom_n be_v dismiss_v they_o we_o never_o substitute_v other_o in_o their_o room_n beside_o it_o can_v not_o be_v choose_v but_o some_o must_v fall_v sick_a become_v weak_a &_o so_o be_v discharge_v some_o give_v over_o warfare_n or_o die_v by_o one_o chance_n or_o other_o a'n_z except_o every_o year_n yea_o almost_o every_o month_n as_o many_o again_o succeed_v they_o &_o come_v in_o their_o place_n a_o army_n be_v it_o never_o so_o great_a must_v needs_o consume_v &_o waste_v an_o other_o cause_n there_o be_v why_o legion_n may_v be_v lessen_v a_o soldier_n take_v much_o pain_n in_o a_o legion_n armour_n be_v heavy_a and_o burdenous_a reward_n come_v sloulye_o punishment_n rife_o &_o sharp_a which_o thing_n the_o most_o part_n to_o avoid_v if_o it_o may_v be_v seek_v to_o be_v swear_v and_o serve_v for_o aid_n where_o both_o they_o take_v less_o pain_n &_o be_v more_o soon_o prefer_v noble_a cato_n the_o elder_n both_o valiant_a in_o arm_n &_o who_o that_o be_v consul_n have_v oftentimes_o himself_o conduct_v a_o army_n he_o think_v yet_o he_o may_v profit_v the_o common_a wealth_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o if_o he_o put_v in_o write_v what_o belong_v to_o war_n for_o valiance_n and_o noble_a act_n continue_v but_o one_o age_n but_o what_o thing_n be_v write_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n be_v remember_v throughout_o all_o age_n the_o like_a have_v many_o other_o do_v before_o but_o especial_o frontinus_n write_n to_o the_o gracious_a prince_n traianus_n for_o this_o endeavour_n and_o travail_n be_v very_o much_o commend_v these_o man_n ordinance_n these_o man_n instruction_n as_o much_o as_o in_o i_o lie_v brief_o and_o faithful_o i_o intend_v to_o put_v in_o writing_n for_o see_v that_o whether_o a_o army_n be_v well_o order_v or_o evil_a the_o expense_n be_v as_o great_a of_o the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o it_o shall_v be_v profitable_a not_o only_o for_o the_o time_n present_a but_o also_o for_o ever_o hereafter_o if_o by_o your_o majesty_n good_a provision_n most_o noble_a emperor_n strong_a and_o politic_a use_n of_o armour_n may_v be_v renew_a and_o establish_v and_o whatsoever_o dissimulation_n for_o favour_n have_v tofore_o be_v practise_v the_o same_o may_v by_o your_o mean_n be_v redress_v and_o amend_v ¶_o what_o number_n of_o legion_n the_o ancient_a roman_n lead_v with_o they_o to_o the_o war_n chapter_n
attend_v to_o their_o name_n and_o to_o their_o ensign_n let_v they_o practice_v daily_a the_o run_v of_o the_o field_n as_o they_o term_v it_o and_o the_o diligent_a behold_v of_o the_o handle_n of_o armour_n and_o weapon_n they_o must_v be_v hold_v very_o often_o to_o these_o exercise_n and_o that_o most_o part_n of_o the_o day_n even_o till_o they_o sweat_v again_o to_o shoot_v and_o to_o throw_v stone_n either_o with_o a_o sting_n or_o with_o the_o hand_n to_o wear_v armour_n that_o they_o may_v wield_v themselves_o in_o it_o to_o pitch_v the_o bar_n and_o with_o waster_n as_o though_o they_o shall_v fight_v with_o sword_n now_o with_o the_o point_n now_o with_o the_o edge_n to_o strike_v one_o at_o another_o also_o they_o must_v with_o like_a diligence_n be_v train_v in_o run_v &_o leap_v that_o they_o may_v skip_v over_o ditch_n if_o the_o sea_n or_o a_o river_n be_v nigh_o to_o their_o tent_n in_o summer_n time_n all_o tâ—e_z soldier_n shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o swim_v moreover_o to_o cut_v down_o wood_n to_o journey_n through_o bushy_a and_o shrubbye_v place_n to_o square_a timber_n to_o scour_v the_o trench_n to_o take_v and_o keep_v some_o place_n and_o to_o endeavour_n themselves_o with_o shield_n violent_o meet_v one_o â—nother_n that_o they_o be_v not_o beat_v from_o it_o by_o their_o own_o company_n in_o such_o wise_n the_o soldier_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v exercise_v and_o train_v at_o home_n whether_o they_o be_v of_o the_o legion_n or_o of_o y_fw-fr aid_n or_o of_o the_o horseman_n when_o they_o shall_v come_v from_o diverse_a place_n to_o take_v a_o voyage_n they_o must_v needs_o through_o a_o ambitious_a desire_n to_o try_v their_o manhood_n rather_o wish_v for_o war_n then_o for_o peace_n no_o man_n do_v take_v any_o thought_n for_o seditious_a stir_v which_o have_v any_o confidence_n in_o his_o cunning_a and_o strength_n but_o the_o captain_n ought_v to_o be_v circumspect_a if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o troublesome_a or_o seditious_a soldier_n among_o all_o the_o legion_n or_o aid_n or_o troop_n of_o horseman_n that_o he_o may_v know_v they_o by_o the_o tribune_n deputye_n &_o principal_a man_n not_o for_o the_o ill_a will_n of_o the_o informer_n but_o for_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o same_o to_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o camp_n by_o some_o witty_a devise_n to_o do_v and_o accomplish_v some_o thing_n which_o even_o unto_o themselves_o may_v seem_v such_o as_o in_o a_o manner_n they_o will_v wish_v for_o or_o else_o let_v them*_n fortify_v and_o keep_v some_o hold_n and_o city_n *_o with_o such_o a_o preetye_n subtlety_n that_o whereas_o in_o deed_n they_o be_v reject_v and_o despise_v they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v choose_v of_o purpose_n for_o a_o multitude_n do_v never_o burst_v out_o to_o disobedient_a stubborness_n with_o like_a agreement_n but_o they_o be_v stir_v up_o by_o a_o few_o which_o hope_v they_o may_v with_o a_o number_n offend_v free_o without_o punishment_n for_o their_o vice_n and_o wickedness_n if_o so_o be_v that_o extreme_a necessity_n shall_v require_v a_o remedy_n to_o be_v have_v therein_o the_o best_a way_n be_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o forefather_n to_o punish_v only_o the_o author_n and_o beginner_n of_o such_o fault_n that_o fear_n may_v come_v to_o all_o punishment_n to_o a_o few_o notwithstanding_o those_o captain_n be_v more_o worthy_a of_o praise_n who_o army_n labour_n and_o use_n have_v instruct_v to_o soberness_n and_o humility_n than_o they_o who_o soldier_n the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n do_v constrain_v to_o obedience_n ¶_o how_o many_o kind_n there_o be_v of_o ensign_n of_o war_n chapter_n .v._o many_o thing_n ought_v to_o be_v well_o learned_a and_o mark_v of_o they_o that_o fight_n for_o why_o negligence_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v pardon_v where_o as_o they_o fight_n for_o life_n and_o death_n but_o amongst_o other_o thing_n nothing_o be_v more_o profitable_a to_o the_o victory_n then_o to_o obey_v the_o warning_n of_o the_o ensign_n for_o when_o as_o in_o the_o hurly_a burly_a of_o battle_n a_o great_a number_n can_v be_v rule_v with_o one_o voice_n only_o and_o when_o as_o of_o very_a necessity_n many_o thing_n forthwith_o must_v be_v command_v and_o do_v the_o ancient_a use_n and_o experience_n of_o all_o nation_n have_v invent_v how_o the_o whole_a army_n by_o the_o ensign_n shall_v know_v and_o follow_v that_o which_o the_o only_o captain_n judge_v to_o be_v profitable_a and_o expedient_a there_o be_v therefore_o as_o it_o be_v manifest_a three_o kind_n of_o ensign_n one_o sort_n have_v voice_n which_o be_v call_v vocalia_fw-la another_o part_o have_v voice_n and_o part_o not_o which_o they_o call_v semiâ—ocalia_n the_o third_o without_o voice_n and_o they_o be_v call_v muta_fw-la of_o the_o which_o they_o that_o have_v voice_n and_o they_o that_o part_o have_v voice_n be_v perceive_v and_o know_v by_o the_o ear_n but_o the_o dumb_a without_o voice_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o eye_n vocalia_fw-la be_v say_v to_o be_v they_o which_o be_v pronounce_v with_o the_o voice_n of_o a_o man_n so_o that_o in_o the_o watcheâ—_n or_o in_o the_o battle_n it_o be_v account_v for_o a_o token_n as_o for_o example_n victory_n reward_n virtue_n god_n be_v with_o we_o the_o triumph_n of_o the_o emperor_n &_o such_o other_o whatsoever_o they_o will_v give_v which_o have_v the_o great_a authority_n and_o power_n in_o the_o army_n yet_o we_o must_v know_v that_o these_o word_n must_v every_o day_n be_v alter_v lest_o by_o use_v the_o enemy_n may_v know_v our_o token_n or_o watcheworde_n and_o searcher_n or_o spy_n may_v be_v amongst_o our_o man_n without_o danger_n and_o punishment_n simiâ—ocalia_n be_v call_v which_o be_v give_v by_o the_o trumpette_fw-it or_o the_o horn_n or_o the_o shawme_n the_o trumpet_n which_o be_v straight_o be_v call_v buccina_fw-la which_o be_v bow_v towards_o itself_o with_o a_o brassen_a circle_n the_o horn_n of_o the_o wild_a bull_n be_v bind_v with_o silver_n be_v best_a 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sometime_o they_o do_v hang_v out_o beam_n in_o the_o turrettes_n of_o city_n which_o other_o while_n be_v raise_v up_o and_o other_o while_n let_v down_o do_v declare_v what_o thing_n be_v do_v ¶_o how_o great_a subtlety_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v when_o a_o army_n be_v remove_v the_o enemy_n be_v nigh_o chapter_n uj_o they_o which_o with_o great_a diligence_n have_v learn_v the_o feat_n of_o war_n do_v affirm_v that_o more_o peril_n be_v wont_v to_o happen_v in_o journey_n then_o in_o y_fw-fr very_o battle_n itself_o for_o in_o join_v together_o of_o the_o battle_n all_o the_o soldier_n be_v arm_v and_o see_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o face_n and_o come_v with_o courage_n to_o fight_v against_o he_o but_o in_o the_o journey_n a_o soldier_n be_v
less_o arm_v and_o less_o headful_n and_o he_o be_v sudden_o trouble_v with_o the_o force_n and_o deceit_n of_o the_o privy_a invasion_n of_o the_o enemy_n therefore_o the_o captain_n ought_v with_o all_o diligence_n and_o with_o all_o care_n to_o foresee_v least_o in_o go_v he_o suffer_v invasion_n of_o his_o enemy_n and_o that_o although_o not_o easy_o yet_o without_o damage_n or_o loss_n he_o resist_v and_o repel_v the_o same_o first_o of_o all_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v perfect_o set_v forth_o the_o passage_n of_o all_o the_o country_n in_o the_o which_o the_o war_n be_v so_o that_o he_o may_v learn_v the_o distance_n of_o place_n not_o only_o by_o the_o length_n thereof_o but_o also_o the_o fashion_n or_o quality_n of_o the_o way_n that_o he_o consider_v the_o shortness_n of_o way_n the_o turn_n the_o mountain_n the_o river_n be_v faithful_o describe_v unto_o he_o in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o witty_a captain_n be_v affirm_v to_o have_v have_v the_o journey_v description_n of_o country_n in_o which_o they_o must_v needs_o have_v to_o do_v not_o only_o diligent_o note_v but_o also_o paint_v before_o their_o eye_n that_o they_o may_v point_v out_o the_o way_n to_o they_o that_o shall_v go_v not_o only_o with_o the_o advisement_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o also_o with_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o eye_n furthermore_o he_o shall_v diligent_o inquire_v every_o thing_n several_o of_o the_o wise_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o reputation_n and_o skilful_a of_o the_o place_n and_o so_o gather_v the_o truth_n of_o a_o meinie_n moreover_o when_o there_o be_v danger_n in_o choose_v the_o way_n he_o shall_v take_v meet_a guide_n and_o cunning_a and_o deliver_v the_o same_o to_o the_o safe_a keep_v of_o other_o with_o a_o sure_a promise_n either_o of_o punishment_n or_o of_o reward_n if_o they_o serve_v true_o for_o those_o guide_n shall_v be_v profitable_a when_o they_o shall_v understand_v that_o in_o no_o wise_n they_o can_v escape_v or_o run_v away_o and_o that_o for_o their_o faithfulness_n &_o truth_n reward_n be_v prepare_v and_o for_o their_o untruth_n and_o false_a deal_v punishment_n be_v ready_a also_o it_o must_v be_v foresee_v y_fw-mi wise_a and_o expert_a man_n be_v seek_v lest_o the_o error_n of_o two_o or_o three_o may_v purchase_v danger_n to_o the_o whole_a multitude_n sometime_o ignorance_n and_o bold_a rudeness_n do_v promise_v many_o thing_n and_o believe_v that_o he_o know_v y_fw-mi which_o he_o do_v not_o know_v but_o the_o chief_a point_n of_o this_o wareness_n and_o heed_n take_v be_v that_o it_o be_v keep_v close_o unto_o what_o place_n &_o by_o what_o way_n the_o army_n shall_v pass_v forth_o for_o it_o be_v think_v y_fw-mi in_o all_o voyage_n the_o thing_n which_o must_v be_v do_v shall_v be_v not_o know_v for_o this_o cause_n the_o old_a man_n of_o war_n have_v have_v in_o their_o legion_n the_o badge_n or_o sign_n of_o minotaurus_n that_o as_o he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v hide_v in_o the_o innermost_a and_o most_o secret_a place_n of_o the_o maze_n or_o intricate_a place_n call_v labyrinthus_n even_o so_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o captain_n shall_v be_v keep_v secret_a and_o hide_v that_o journey_n be_v take_v in_o hand_n without_o fear_n which_o the_o enemy_n do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o once_o suspect_v but_o because_o spy_n send_v out_o on_o the_o other_o part_n do_v either_o see_v or_o suspect_v which_o way_n the_o army_n go_v and_o many_o time_n there_o want_v not_o runagate_n and_o traitor_n it_o must_v be_v declare_v how_o these_o be_v at_o hand_n may_v be_v prevent_v and_o resist_v the_o captain_n ready_o to_o march_v forth_o with_o his_o army_n must_v send_v most_o trusty_a and_o fine_a witted_a man_n with_o the_o best_a try_a horse_n which_o may_v search_v the_o place_n through_o which_o they_o must_v take_v their_o journey_n before_o and_o behind_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o left_a hand_n lest_o the_o enemy_n go_v about_o to_o set_v a_o ambushment_n and_o lie_v in_o wait_n to_o deceive_v they_o but_o y_fw-es searcher_n or_o spy_n do_v work_v more_o safe_o by_o night_n then_o by_o day_n for_o he_o after_o a_o certain_a manner_n be_v a_o traitor_n to_o himself_o who_o spy_v or_o scoutewatch_v may_v be_v take_v of_o his_o enemy_n therefore_o let_v the_o horseman_n go_v first_o after_o they_o the_o footman_n carriage_n archer_n page_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n the_o wagon_n must_v be_v place_v so_o that_o part_n of_o the_o light_a arm_a footman_n and_o light_a harness_a horseman_n do_v follow_v for_o seldom_o as_o they_o do_v march_v on_o they_o be_v invade_v before_o but_o more_o often_o behind_o also_o on_o the_o side_n the_o carriage_n ought_v to_o be_v guard_v with_o a_o good_a company_n of_o soldier_n for_o they_o that_o lie_v in_o wait_n oftentimes_o with_o a_o contrary_a course_n rush_v into_o some_o other_o place_n of_o the_o army_n then_o where_o they_o be_v suspect_v this_o also_o be_v special_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o you_o part_n to_o the_o which_o the_o enemy_n be_v like_v to_o come_v may_v be_v fortify_v with_o the_o most_o choice_n horseman_n with_o light_o arm_a man_n and_o also_o with_o archer_n on_o foot_n set_v purposely_o to_o withstand_v they_o if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o enemy_n do_v assail_v on_o every_o side_n than_o every_o side_n must_v be_v defend_v but_o least_o sudden_a trouble_n shall_v exceed_o hurt_v they_o the_o soldier_n be_v to_o be_v warn_v aforehand_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a with_o mind_n and_o courage_n and_o that_o they_o have_v their_o weapon_n in_o their_o hand_n for_o sudden_a chance_n which_o amaze_v man_n most_o when_o they_o be_v put_v to_o their_o pintche_n be_v nothing_o fearful_a if_o they_o be_v provide_v for_o aforehand_o the_o old_a man_n of_o war_n do_v most_o diligent_o take_v heed_n lest_o the_o soldier_n in_o their_o fight_n shall_v be_v trouble_v by_o the_o page_n sometime_o be_v hurt_v sometime_o be_v in_o fear_n and_o least_o archer_n through_o their_o cry_n shall_v be_v make_v afraid_a jest_n that_o either_o be_v scatter_v far_o a_o sunder_o or_o gather_v together_v on_o heap_n they_o may_v let_v their_o own_o party_n more_o than_o profit_v they_o &_o by_o reason_n thereof_o further_o the_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o even_o as_o the_o soldier_n march_v forth_o so_o they_o also_o lead_v the_o carryage_n well_o appoint_v under_o certain_a ensign_n final_o they_o do_v choice_n of_o the_o very_a page_n which_o they_o call_v headpiece_n bearer_n such_o as_o be_v fit_a and_o cunning_a by_o experience_n who_o they_o make_v as_o it_o be_v captain_n over_o two_o hundred_o fletcher_n &_o other_o young_a fellow_n and_o not_o above_o unto_o these_o they_o give_v banner_n or_o flag_n y_fw-fr they_o may_v know_v to_o which_o ensign_n they_o ought_v to_o gather_v their_o carryage_n together_o but_o the_o fight_a man_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o carriage_n a_o preatye_n space_n least_o be_v thrust_v thick_a together_o while_o the_o army_n be_v in_o march_v forward_o they_o may_v be_v hurt_v in_o fight_n as_o the_o place_n do_v differ_v so_o the_o manner_n of_o defence_n shall_v be_v alter_v for_o in_o the_o open_a field_n horseman_n use_v to_o assault_v the_o army_n rather_o than_o footman_n but_o in_o place_n full_a of_o wood_n hill_n or_o fen_n footman_n be_v more_o to_o be_v dread_n this_o also_o must_v be_v avoid_v lest_o you_o while_o one_o sort_n make_v to_o much_o have_v another_o sort_n through_o negligence_n go_v to_o slow_o the_o army_n be_v break_v a_o sunder_o in_o the_o midst_n or_o else_o peradventure_o be_v make_v thin_a for_o the_o enemy_n always_o make_v their_o invasion_n there_o where_o the_o army_n be_v slender_a therefore_o the_o most_o expert_a captain_n of_o the_o field_n the_o deputye_n or_o the_o tribune_n must_v be_v set_v before_o which_o may_v stay_v they_o that_o go_v to_o fast_a and_o constrain_v they_o to_o make_v haste_n that_o go_v to_o slow_o for_o they_o that_o go_v a_o great_a way_n before_o if_o a_o sudden_a invasion_n come_v do_v not_o so_o much_o covet_v to_o retire_v as_o to_o fly_v but_o they_o that_o be_v last_o be_v leave_v behind_o of_o their_o own_o company_n what_o with_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o their_o own_o despair_v be_v straight_o way_n overcome_v we_o must_v also_o know_v that_o the_o enemy_n do_v privy_o lay_v ambushmente_n in_o such_o place_n as_o they_o perceive_v meet_v for_o they_o or_o else_o do_v assail_v they_o with_o open_a battle_n but_o least_o any_o privy_a place_n may_v do_v hurt_v that_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o captain_n provide_v for_o who_o duty_n it_o be_v to_o search_v every_o thing_n before_o hand_n also_o the_o ambush_n be_v perceive_v if_o it_o be_v compass_v about_o pollitikelye_o it_o do_v
suffer_v more_o peril_n and_o danger_n than_o it_o go_v about_o to_o do_v but_o if_o a_o open_a power_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o mountain_n the_o high_a place_n must_v be_v take_v up_o with_o aid_n send_v before_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o when_o the_o enemy_n shall_v come_v he_o may_v be_v on_o the_o low_a ground_n and_o then_o he_o dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o withstand_v when_o he_o see_v arm_v man_n as_o well_o before_o he_o as_o above_o his_o head_n if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o way_n be_v narrow_a and_o not_o safe_a enough_o yet_o it_o be_v better_a that_o soldier_n go_v before_o with_o hatchet_n and_o axe_n and_o with_o labour_n to_o make_v the_o way_n open_a and_o plain_a then_o in_o never_o so_o good_a a_o way_n to_o suffer_v peril_n and_o danger_n moreover_o we_o ought_v to_o know_v the_o usual_a trade_n of_o our_o enemy_n whether_o by_o night_n or_o in_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n or_o in_o the_o time_n of_o repast_n their_o custom_n be_v to_o assail_v their_o weary_a enemy_n and_o to_o eschew_v that_o which_o after_o their_o accustom_a trade_n we_o think_v they_o will_v do_v furthermore_o it_o behove_v we_o to_o know_v whether_o they_o can_v do_v more_o with_o footman_n or_o horseman_n whether_o with_o slinger_n pikeman_n or_o archer_n whether_o they_o excel_v we_o in_o number_n of_o man_n or_o munition_n &_o fence_n of_o armour_n and_o weapon_n &_o then_o we_o ought_v to_o order_v that_o thing_n well_o a'n_z we_o know_v profitable_a to_o ourselves_o &_o contrary_a to_o they_o we_o ought_v also_o to_o consider_v &_o deliberate_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o begin_v our_o journey_n by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n what_o &_o how_o great_a distance_n be_v of_o the_o place_n to_o y_fw-fr which_o we_o covet_v to_o make_v haste_n lest_o in_o summer_n y_fw-fr scarcity_n of_o water_n hinder_v we_o in_o journey_v in_o winter_n dangerous_a fen_n &_o such_o as_o man_n can_v pass_v or_o great_a water_n and_o by_o such_o mean_n y_fw-mi journey_n be_v let_v our_o host_n may_v be_v compass_v â—rentrapped_v before_o it_o can_v come_v to_o the_o place_n appoint_v as_o it_o be_v our_o commodity_n at_o all_o time_n to_o avoid_v these_o thing_n so_o if_o y_fw-mi ignorance_n or_o negligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n shall_v geve_v we_o occasion_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v let_v pass_v but_o we_o ought_v instant_o to_o allure_v the_o traitor_n &_o spy_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o we_o may_v know_v what_o our_o enemy_n both_o present_o and_o afterward_o do_v purpose_n to_o do_v and_o with_o horseman_n in_o readiness_n or_o light_a arm_a footman_n prepare_v for_o the_o purpose_n to_o beguile_v they_o and_o so_o to_o cast_v they_o into_o a_o sudden_a fear_n as_o they_o be_v ranginge_v abroad_o seek_v for_o forage_n and_o victual_n ¶_o after_o what_o manner_n great_a river_n may_v be_v pass_v over_o chap._n vij_o in_o the_o pass_v over_o of_o river_n â—hey_n that_o be_v not_o very_a circumspect_a be_v oftentimes_o exceed_o molest_v for_o if_o any_o 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also_o wise_a and_o discrete_a man_n that_o all_o flattery_n set_v a_o part_n which_o be_v very_o hurtful_a he_o may_v know_v whether_o he_o or_o his_o enemy_n have_v the_o great_a number_n of_o fight_a man_n whether_o his_o man_n or_o the_o enemy_n be_v better_a arm_v &_o furnish_v with_o artillery_n which_o be_v most_o exercise_v and_o which_o in_o great_a danger_n be_v more_o valiant_a he_o must_v also_o inquire_v whether_o part_n have_v better_a horseman_n and_o whether_o better_a footman_n he_o must_v also_o know_v that_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o army_n do_v chief_o consist_v in_o the_o footman_n and_o among_o the_o horseman_n he_o must_v see_v which_o be_v best_a with_o the_o lance_n and_o which_o with_o the_o bow_n who_o have_v the_o best_a armour_n the_o best_a horse_n last_o of_o all_o whether_o the_o place_n in_o which_o they_o must_v fight_v be_v more_o commodious_a for_o the_o enemy_n then_o for_o themselves_o for_o if_o we_o delight_v in_o a_o host_n of_o horseman_n 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and_o which_o part_n do_v more_o hope_n for_o the_o victory_n for_o by_o such_o cogitation_n manhood_n be_v either_o increase_v or_o diminish_v by_o the_o encourage_n of_o the_o captain_n even_o those_o which_o despair_n be_v much_o bolden_v &_o if_o he_o be_v not_o fearful_a they_o wax_v courageous_a if_o he_o have_v do_v any_o valiant_a act_n either_o by_o lay_v wait_n or_o by_o other_o occasion_n offer_v if_o thing_n go_v not_o well_o but_o fall_v out_o unluckelye_o with_o their_o enemy_n if_o he_o can_v vanquish_v any_o of_o his_o enemy_n either_o such_o as_o be_v weak_a or_o not_o so_o well_o arm_v but_o you_o must_v take_v diligent_a heed_n that_o you_o bring_v not_o forth_o the_o army_n to_o fight_v at_o any_o time_n if_o it_o be_v doubtful_a or_o fearful_a it_o be_v very_o necessary_a to_o know_v whether_o you_o have_v new_a soldier_n or_o old_a whether_o they_o have_v be_v some_o little_a time_n in_o war_n or_o have_v continue_v a_o good_a while_n in_o peace_n and_o 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in_o strength_n oftentimes_o under_o good_a captain_n have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n by_o sudden_a invasion_n and_o lie_v privy_o in_o wait_n ¶_o what_o must_v be_v do_v if_o any_o captain_n have_v a_o army_n out_o of_o use_n of_o fight_v or_o a_o army_n of_o young_a soldier_n chapter_n ten_o all_o art_n and_o science_n and_o all_o our_o daily_a work_n do_v proceed_v and_o increase_v by_o continual_a use_n and_o exercise_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a in_o small_a thing_n how_o much_o more_o ought_v it_o to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o great_a affair_n and_o who_o do_v doubt_n that_o the_o knowledge_n and_o skill_n of_o war_n be_v more_o mighty_a than_o all_o other_o thing_n by_o the_o which_o liberty_n be_v maintain_v and_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o prince_n enlarge_v and_o the_o empire_n maintain_v and_o preserve_v the_o lacedaemonian_n in_o time_n past_a all_o other_o kind_n of_o learning_n set_v a_o side_n do_v judge_v this_o only_a to_o be_v observe_v and_o after_o that_o the_o roman_n likewise_o and_o even_o at_o this_o time_n the_o barbarous_a and_o strange_a nation_n do_v also_o think_v that_o this_o only_a aught_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o keep_v and_o they_o have_v such_o confidence_n herein_o that_o they_o think_v all_o other_o thing_n do_v consist_v in_o this_o or_o that_o they_o may_v obtain_v all_o thing_n through_o this_o this_o unto_o they_o that_o must_v fight_v be_v very_o necessary_a by_o which_o they_o may_v save_v their_o life_n and_o obtain_v the_o victory_n therefore_o a_o captain_n unto_o who_o the_o worthy_a honour_v of_o so_o great_a power_n and_o authority_n be_v give_v to_o who_o faithfulness_n and_o prowess_n the_o good_n of_o the_o possessor_n the_o defence_n of_o city_n the_o safety_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n be_v commit_v ought_v to_o be_v careful_a not_o only_o for_o the_o whole_a army_n but_o also_o for_o every_o particular_a company_n of_o the_o same_o for_o whatsoever_o do_v happen_v in_o the_o war_n otherwise_o then_o well_o the_o fault_n be_v he_o but_o the_o injury_n and_o hurt_n be_v common_a therefore_o if_o he_o guide_v a_o army_n of_o young_a soldier_n or_o such_o as_o have_v be_v long_o out_o of_o use_n in_o chivalry_n he_o ought_v diligent_o to_o try_v and_o search_v the_o strength_n courage_n and_o experience_n of_o every_o band_n of_o the_o legion_n and_o also_o of_o every_o company_n of_o the_o horseman_n let_v he_o also_o know_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a by_o name_n who_o be_v captain_n under_o he_o who_o be_v tribune_n which_o be_v his_o household_n servant_n which_o be_v common_a soldier_n in_o every_o hand_n and_o how_o much_o he_o can_v do_v in_o the_o war_n and_o let_v he_o get_v great_a authority_n by_o sharpness_n
the_o most_o choice_a and_o pike_a man_n rush_v out_o and_o forthwith_o set_v upon_o they_o at_o unaware_o but_o this_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o soldier_n be_v not_o weary_v with_o any_o long_a journey_n lest_o you_o compel_v the_o horse_n be_v weary_a after_o their_o run_v to_o the_o open_a battle_n he_o that_o shall_v fight_v must_v needs_o be_v much_o weaken_v with_o the_o travail_n and_o pain_n of_o the_o journey_n what_o shall_v he_o do_v that_o come_v blow_a &_o pant_v to_o the_o battle_n this_o thing_n the_o old_a man_n of_o war_n have_v always_o shun_v and_o in_o the_o time_n late_o pass_v when_o as_o the_o roman_n captain_n through_o ignorance_n have_v not_o be_v ware_n of_o so_o that_o i_o will_v say_v no_o more_o they_o have_v utter_o cast_v away_o their_o army_n for_o the_o state_n or_o condition_n be_v unlike_a for_o he_o that_o be_v weary_a to_o fight_v with_o he_o that_o be_v well_o refresh_v he_o that_o sweat_v with_o he_o that_o be_v fresh_a he_o that_o run_v 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and_o reward_n do_v make_v they_o better_o good_a captain_n do_v never_o fight_v in_o open_a or_o set_v battle_n but_o upon_o good_a occasion_n or_o very_o great_a necessity_n it_o be_v a_o good_a devise_n rather_o to_o oppress_v the_o enemy_n with_o hunger_n and_o famine_n then_o with_o the_o sword_n as_o touch_v a_o army_n of_o horseman_n there_o be_v many_o rule_n and_o precept_n but_o see_v that_o this_o part_n of_o warfare_n have_v profit_v and_o proceed_v through_o use_n and_o exercise_n through_o the_o kind_n of_o armour_n and_o the_o worthiness_n of_o horse_n i_o suppose_v that_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o book_n when_o as_o this_o present_a instruction_n may_v be_v sufficient_a let_v not_o the_o enemy_n know_v after_o what_o manner_n you_o intend_v to_o fight_v lest_o they_o go_v about_o to_o prevent_v and_o withstand_v the_o same_o by_o one_o help_n or_o other_o i_o have_v orderly_a declare_v thing_n oh_o valiant_a and_o mighty_a emperor_n which_o be_v 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as_o much_o as_o you_o can_v through_o puissance_n and_o marvelous_a good_a order_v of_o your_o common_a wealth_n you_o may_v show_v the_o office_n and_o perform_v the_o duty_n both_o of_o a_o emperor_n and_o a_o soldier_n the_o four_o book_n of_o flavius_n vegetiuâ—_n renatus_n of_o the_o feat_n of_o war_n the_o prologue_n building_n of_o city_n be_v the_o thing_n that_o in_o the_o beginning_n do_v separate_v and_o divide_v the_o homely_a and_o rude_a life_n of_o man_n from_o the_o society_n and_o company_n of_o dumb_a creature_n &_o wild_a beast_n the_o which_o city_n upon_o their_o common_a utility_n and_o profit_n have_v the_o name_n of_o public_a weal_n therefore_o most_o mighty_a nation_n and_o prince_n of_o famous_a memory_n have_v think_v there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a renoun_n then_o either_o to_o build_v new_a city_n or_o else_o amplify_a those_o which_o have_v be_v build_v by_o other_o to_o call_v they_o after_o their_o own_o name_n wherein_o your_o majesty_n do_v obtain_v 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of_o man_n can_v desire_v or_o the_o bountiefulnes_n of_o god_n can_v geve_v and_o as_o for_o the_o build_n up_o and_o repair_v of_o wall_n how_o it_o have_v go_v forward_o through_o the_o good_a order_n devise_v by_o your_o grace_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n can_v show_v which_o by_o defend_v the_o tower_n capitolium_fw-la have_v save_v the_o citizen_n life_n that_o afterward_o it_o may_v with_o great_a glory_n obtain_v the_o dominion_n of_o all_o the_o world_n therefore_o for_o the_o accomplish_n of_o this_o work_n take_v in_o hand_n at_o the_o commaundeman_n of_o your_o majesty_n i_o will_v bring_v into_o order_n the_o device_n of_o sundry_a writer_n by_o the_o which_o both_o our_o own_o city_n may_v be_v defend_v and_o the_o city_n of_o our_o enemy_n overthrow_v neither_o shall_v it_o forthink_v i_o of_o my_o labour_n because_o these_o thing_n in_o time_n to_o come_v may_v be_v profitable_a to_o all_o man_n that_o city_n ought_v to_o be_v fence_v either_o with_o handworke_n or_o nature_n or_o both_o the_o first_o chapter_n city_n and_o castle_n be_v fence_v either_o by_o nature_n or_o with_o hand_n or_o else_o with_o both_o which_o be_v reckon_v the_o strong_a by_o nature_n as_o with_o the_o height_n or_o craggine_n of_o the_o place_n with_o the_o sea_n with_o fen_n or_o with_o river_n by_o hand_n as_o with_o ditch_n and_o wall_n in_o that_o benefit_n and_o help_n of_o nature_n the_o most_o safety_n consist_v in_o the_o wittiness_n and_o counsel_n of_o the_o chooser_n in_o the_o plain_a ground_n full_a necessary_a be_v the_o diligent_a travail_n of_o the_o builder_n and_o we_o see_v some_o very_a ancient_a city_n so_o build_v in_o plain_n &_o open_a field_n that_o although_o the_o help_n of_o situation_n do_v fail_v yet_o with_o cunning_a and_o workmanship_n they_o be_v make_v invincible_a ¶_o that_o wales_n shall_v â—ot_n be_v make_v straight_o but_o with_o many_o coigne_n chapter_n two_o man_n in_o time_n past_a draw_v not_o in_o circuit_n of_o their_o wall_n straight_o lest_o they_o may_v be_v apt_a to_o receive_v the_o stroke_n of_o the_o batter_a ram_n but_o lay_v the_o foundation_n they_o enclose_v their_o city_n with_o many_o wyndinge_n &_o turn_n in_o and_o out_o and_o in_o the_o very_a corner_n do_v build_v many_o tower_n for_o this_o cause_n that_o if_o the_o enemy_n will_v set_v ladder_n or_o other_o engine_n unto_o a_o wall_n build_v after_o such_o order_n he_o may_v be_v beat_v down_o not_o only_o before_o but_o also_o on_o the_o side_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n behind_o as_o enclose_v in_o a_o lane_n or_o buy_v ¶_o after_o what_o sort_n earth_n may_v be_v heap_v up_o and_o join_v to_o a_o wall_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v never_o be_v beat_v down_o cap._n iij._n a_o wall_n which_o can_v never_o be_v throw_v down_o be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n make_v two_o wall_n on_o the_o town_n side_n of_o y_fw-es ditch_n a_o good_a way_n distant_a a_o sunder_o then_o cast_v between_o they_o that_o earth_n which_o yowe_o throw_v 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geve_v thassaulte_v as_o well_o as_o any_o wall_n ¶_o of_o portcluse_n and_o how_o gate_n may_v be_v safe_a from_o burn_v chapter_n four_o moreover_o we_o must_v take_v heed_n lest_o the_o gate_n be_v burn_v with_o fire_n for_o the_o which_o cause_n they_o shall_v be_v cover_v with_o leather_n and_o iron_n but_o that_o be_v more_o profitable_a which_o in_o the_o old_a time_n have_v be_v invent_v that_o before_o the_o gate_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o fortress_n in_o the_o enter_v whereof_o be_v a_o perculle_n hang_v with_o ring_n of_o iron_n and_o rope_n that_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v enter_v in_o the_o same_o be_v let_v down_o they_o may_v be_v enclose_v and_o destroy_v and_o the_o wall_n above_o the_o gate_n must_v so_o be_v make_v with_o hole_n that_o we_o may_v power_n down_o water_n and_o quench_v the_o fire_n underneath_o ¶_o of_o make_v ditch_n chapter_n .v._o but_o the_o ditch_n before_o the_o city_n must_v be_v make_v very_o deep_a and_o very_o broad_a that_o they_o may_v not_o easy_o be_v make_v even_o and_o fill_v of_o the_o besieger_n and_o that_o the_o water_n run_v over_o may_v stop_v the_o undermine_v of_o the_o enemy_n for_o two_o manner_n of_o way_n be_v undermine_v let_v either_o with_o the_o deepness_n of_o the_o ditch_n or_o overflow_a ¶_o how_o to_o keep_v they_o which_o stand_v on_o the_o wall_n harmless_a from_o the_o arrow_n of_o the_o enemy_n chapter_n uj_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v sometime_o lest_o that_o many_o archer_n drive_v the_o defender_n down_o may_v sudden_o take_v the_o wall_n therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v good_a to_o have_v in_o the_o city_n complette_n harnis_fw-la and_o store_n of_o shield_n moreover_o mantils_n cloak_n and_o heareclothe_n may_v be_v hang_v before_o they_o and_o so_o receive_v the_o shot_n of_o arrow_n for_o the_o head_n of_o the_o arrow_n can_v easy_o pierce_v through_o that_o which_o yield_v and_o wave_v to_o and_o fro_o there_o be_v also_o a_o remedy_n find_v to_o make_v hurdle_n of_o wood_n call_v metellae_fw-la and_o to_o fille_fw-fr they_o with_o stone_n and_o to_o set_v they_o between_o two_o battlement_n so_o cunning_o that_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v climb_v up_o by_o ladder_n and_o touch_v any_o part_n of_o they_o the_o stone_n may_v turn_v upon_o their_o head_n ¶_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v foresee_v that_o they_o that_o be_v besiege_v be_v not_o famish_v chapter_n vij_o there_o be_v many_o kind_n of_o defend_v and_o assault_v of_o city_n which_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o in_o place_n convenient_a now_o we_o must_v know_v that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o besiege_v one_o when_o the_o enemy_n appoint_v his_o man_n in_o due_a place_n do_v with_o continual_a assault_n assail_v the_o besiege_v the_o other_o when_o as_o he_o keep_v they_o from_o water_n or_o trust_v that_o they_o will_v yield_v through_o famishement_n have_v stop_v all_o victual_n from_o come_v to_o they_o for_o by_o this_o devise_n he_o himself_o be_v quiet_a and_o safe_a do_v weary_a his_o enemy_n against_o which_o chance_n the_o town_n man_n upon_o small_a suspicion_n of_o their_o enemy_n ought_v most_o diligent_o to_o place_n within_o the_o wall_n all_o kind_n of_o food_n whereby_o man_n may_v live_v to_o the_o intent_n that_o they_o themselves_o may_v have_v abundance_n &_o their_o enemy_n through_o need_n compel_v to_o raise_v their_o siege_n and_o not_o only_a pork_n or_o bacon_n but_o also_o all_o kind_n of_o flesh_n that_o may_v be_v preserve_v close_o aught_o to_o be_v lay_v up_o that_o through_o the_o help_n of_o flesh_n grain_n may_v suffice_v and_o pulleyn_n likewise_o in_o a_o city_n may_v be_v keep_v without_o charge_n and_o for_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a very_o necessary_a especial_o fodder_n must_v be_v get_v in_o for_o horse_n and_o such_o as_o can_v not_o be_v bring_v in_o must_v be_v burn_v likewise_o of_o wine_n vinegar_n and_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o grain_n or_o fruit_n great_a store_n must_v be_v lay_v up_o and_o nothing_o that_o may_v be_v profitable_a to_o they_o aught_o to_o be_v leave_v for_o the_o enemy_n garden_n also_o both_o for_o the_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n of_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v neglect_v in_o the_o grasseplote_v and_o yard_n of_o house_n but_o it_o do_v little_a profit_n to_o have_v gather_v much_o together_o except_o from_o the_o beginning_n the_o delivery_n or_o distribution_n be_v moderate_v by_o such_o convenient_a overseer_n as_o have_v charge_n thereof_o with_o a_o good_a &_o profitable_a measure_n of_o the_o same_o for_o they_o be_v never_o in_o danger_n of_o famine_n which_o use_v in_o time_n of_o plenty_n to_o keep_v sobriety_n and_o moderation_n in_o spend_v also_o the_o youth_n and_o woman_n which_o be_v unfit_a for_o war_n many_o time_n be_v thrust_v forth_o forth_o want_v of_o victual_n lest_o scarcity_n uppresse_v the_o soldier_n by_o who_o the_o city_n often_o have_v be_v defend_v and_o keep_v ¶_o what_o kind_n of_o thing_n must_v be_v prepare_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o wall_n chapter_n eight_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o there_o be_v prepare_v to_o set_v the_o engine_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o fire_n such_o thing_n as_o be_v apt_a to_o burn_v rosin_n brimstone_n clear_a pitch_n without_o dregs_n oil_n call_v incendiarium_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v ready_a to_o set_v any_o thing_n on_o fire_n iron_n of_o both_o temper_n to_o make_v armour_n and_o weapon_n and_o coal_n ought_v to_o be_v save_v in_o store_n house_n wood_n also_o for_o spear_n staff_n and_o arrow_n must_v be_v lay_v up_o in_o store_n round_o stone_n out_o of_o river_n which_o for_o their_o roundness_n be_v somewhat_o heavy_a and_o meet_v for_o the_o caster_n must_v be_v gather_v most_o diligent_o with_o the_o which_o the_o wall_n and_o tower_n shall_v be_v fill_v the_o jest_n stone_n of_o all_o be_v to_o throw_v with_o sling_n or_o slingestave_n or_o else_o with_o the_o hand_n the_o great_a stone_n be_v shoot_v with_o the_o gun_n but_o the_o great_a of_o all_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o weight_n &_o roll_a fashion_n must_v be_v lay_v in_o fortress_n that_o they_o be_v throw_v down_o headlong_o upon_o a_o sudden_a may_v not_o only_o overwhelm_v the_o enemy_n underneath_o but_o also_o may_v break_v their_o engine_n also_o mighty_a great_a wheel_n must_v be_v frame_v of_o green_a wood_n or_o ruler_n cut_v of_o very_o strong_a tree_n which_o they_o call_v taleae_n must_v be_v make_v smooth_a that_o they_o may_v roll_v which_o slide_v down_o do_v overthrow_v the_o soldier_n with_o the_o sudden_a vehemency_n and_o make_v the_o horse_n sore_o afraid_a there_o must_v be_v also_o in_o readiness_n beam_n &_o trasinge_n or_o board_n and_o nail_n and_o pin_n of_o iron_n of_o diverse_a quantity_n for_o such_o engine_n of_o the_o enemy_n must_v be_v hinder_v by_o other_o like_a special_o when_o as_o the_o wall_n or_o fortress_n upon_o a_o sudden_a shall_v have_v need_n to_o be_v make_v high_a lest_o the_o movable_a tower_n of_o the_o enemy_n shall_v rise_v above_o they_o and_o so_o take_v the_o city_n ¶_o what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v if_o store_n of_o string_n or_o cord_n do_v fail_v chapter_n ix_o it_o be_v also_o expedient_a to_o gather_v very_o diligent_o good_a store_n of_o string_n or_o sinew_n for_o as_o much_o as_o you_o ordinance_n which_o be_v call_v onager_fw-la and_o balista_n and_o other_o like_a except_o they_o be_v bend_v and_o draw_v with_o cord_n or_o sinew_n avail_v nothing_o notwithstanding_o the_o big_a hair_n of_o the_o tail_n or_o mane_n of_o horse_n be_v think_v good_a for_o the_o lesser_a artillery_n but_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n most_o certain_a and_o have_v be_v try_v in_o the_o roman_n need_v that_o woman_n hair_n in_o such_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n be_v no_o less_o profitable_a for_o in_o the_o long_a siege_n of_o capitolium_fw-la the_o chief_a castle_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n their_o artillery_n be_v mar_v with_o the_o continual_a and_o wearisome_a fight_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o cord_n or_o string_n fail_v they_o the_o matron_n of_o rome_n cut_v their_o hair_n from_o their_o head_n &_o bring_v it_o to_o their_o husband_n as_o they_o be_v fight_v &_o so_o repair_v their_o engine_n they_o drive_v back_o the_o force_n of_o their_o enemy_n for_o those_o honest_a and_o chasteâ—weomen_n rather_o choose_v with_o head_n for_o a_o time_n disfigure_v to_o live_v at_o liberty_n with_o their_o husband_n then_o with_o all_o theâ—_z trim_v to_o be_v subject_n to_o their_o enemy_n it_o be_v also_o good_a to_o get_v together_o horn_n &_o raw_a hide_n for_o the_o cover_n of_o complete_a armour_n and_o other_o engine_n and_o munitioâ—s_n ¶_o what_o shall_v be_v do_v that_o the_o besiege_a lack_n not_o water_n chapter_n ten_o it_o be_v a_o great_a
may_v set_v man_n into_o the_o town_n for_o in_o the_o low_a part_n it_o have_v the_o ram_n with_o the_o violence_n of_o which_o it_o beat_v down_o the_o wall_n about_o the_o middle_n it_o have_v a_o bridge_n make_v of_o two_o beam_n and_o hedge_v with_o rod_n which_o may_v quick_o be_v bring_v forth_o &_o set_v between_o the_o tower_n and_o the_o wall_n &_o the_o man_n of_o war_n go_v by_o the_o same_o out_o of_o the_o engine_n pass_v over_o into_o the_o city_n &_o take_v the_o wall_n in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o same_o tower_n be_v place_v pikeman_n and_o archer_n which_o from_o a_o high_a may_v overthrow_v the_o defender_n of_o the_o city_n with_o pike_n arrow_n and_o stone_n which_o be_v do_v the_o city_n be_v take_v without_o delay_n for_o what_o help_n do_v remain_v when_o as_o they_o which_o do_v trust_v to_o the_o height_n of_o their_o wall_n sudden_o behold_v above_o they_o a_o wall_n of_o their_o enemy_n high_a than_o they_o ¶_o how_o the_o movable_a tower_n may_v be_v set_v on_o fire_n chap._n xviii_o this_o evident_a and_o apparent_a danger_n many_o way_n may_v be_v resist_v first_o if_o your_o soldier_n be_v strong_a &_o bold_a a_o number_n may_v issue_v forth_o together_o and_o drive_v away_o the_o enemy_n pull_v of_o the_o leather_n and_o set_a fire_n on_o the_o tower_n if_o so_o be_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o issue_v forth_o let_v they_o discharge_v the_o great_a artillery_n and_o such_o as_o they_o call_v malleoli_fw-la &_o phalaricae_n with_o fire_n shot_n that_o rent_v the_o hide_n or_o tyltclothe_n a_o sunder_o the_o flame_n may_v be_v hide_v inward_o malleoli_fw-la be_v as_o it_o be_v arrow_n which_o burn_v all_o where_o they_o light_v but_o phalarica_fw-la after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o javelin_n have_v a_o strong_a head_n of_o iron_n and_o between_o the_o hollowness_n or_o pipe_n thereof_o and_o the_o staff_n it_o be_v wrap_v round_o about_o with_o brimstone_n rosin_n pitch_n &_o tow_n soak_a in_o oil_n apt_a to_o burn_v the_o which_o be_v discharge_v level_a with_o the_o violence_n of_o your_o artillery_n break_v the_o cover_v and_o sâ—ickinge_v in_o the_o wood_n oftentimes_o burn_v the_o whole_a turret_n also_o you_o may_v let_v down_o man_n with_o roope_n when_o your_o enemy_n be_v a_o sâ—eape_n &_o with_o lantern_n privy_o hide_v burn_v theit_z engine_n and_o then_o pull_v they_o up_o again_o ¶_o how_o you_o may_v make_v your_o wall_n high_o chap._n nineteeen_o that_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n to_o the_o which_o the_o engine_n come_v may_v be_v make_v high_o either_o with_o mortar_n and_o stone_n or_o with_o clay_n or_o brick_n or_o with_o bard_n and_o plank_n and_o so_o shall_v not_o the_o defender_n â—e_z oppress_v with_o the_o height_n of_o the_o turret_n and_o the_o turret_n be_v to_o low_a shall_v serve_v to_o no_o use_n but_o they_o that_o besiege_v town_n use_v oftentimes_o this_o policy_n first_o they_o build_v such_o a_o tower_n as_o may_v seem_v low_a than_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n afterward_o they_o make_v another_o little_a tower_n within_o of_o bourde_n and_o plank_n and_o when_o the_o tower_n be_v join_v to_o the_o wall_n sudden_o they_o put_v forth_o that_o little_a turret_n with_o roope_n and_o pullye_n out_o of_o the_o which_o the_o arm_a man_n go_v forth_o because_o it_o be_v high_a than_o the_o wall_n straight_o way_n take_v the_o city_n ¶_o by_o what_o mean_v the_o earth_n may_v be_v dig_v that_o the_o engine_n can_v do_v no_o harm_n chap._n xx_o sometime_o they_o do_v set_v long_o beam_n head_v with_o iron_n against_o the_o come_n of_o the_o engine_n and_o so_o keep_v of_o the_o same_o from_o the_o wall_n but_o when_o as_o the_o city_n of_o rhodes_n be_v besiege_v by_o enemy_n and_o they_o have_v make_v a_o tower_n with_o wheel_n above_o the_o height_n of_o all_o the_o wall_n and_o tower_n this_o remedy_n be_v invent_v by_o the_o wit_n of_o a_o certain_a craft_n man_n in_o the_o night_n he_o undermine_v the_o wall_n and_o that_o place_n to_o the_o which_o the_o day_n after_o the_o tower_n shall_v be_v remove_v he_o make_v hollow_a within_o cast_v out_o the_o earth_n none_o of_o the_o enemy_n perceive_v it_o so_o that_o when_o that_o great_a frame_n be_v drive_v and_o force_v forward_o with_o the_o wheel_n and_o come_v to_o the_o place_n which_o underneath_o be_v make_v hollow_a before_o straight_o way_n it_o sink_v the_o ground_n yield_n to_o so_o great_a a_o weight_n so_o that_o it_o can_v not_o come_v near_o in_o wall_n nor_o be_v move_v any_o further_a and_o by_o this_o mean_a the_o city_n be_v deliver_v and_o the_o engine_n leave_v behind_o ¶_o of_o ladder_n and_o the_o frame_n of_o timber_n with_o rope_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o of_o the_o sweape_n chap._n xxj_o vuhen_n the_o tower_n come_v to_o the_o wall_n by_o all_o mean_v possible_a they_o drive_v the_o enemy_n from_o the_o wall_n with_o stone_n dart_n arrow_n pellet_n &_o such_o like_a this_o be_v do_v and_o ladder_n set_v to_o the_o wall_n they_o take_v the_o city_n but_o they_o which_o do_v scale_v the_o wall_n with_o ladder_n many_o time_n sustain_v peril_n and_o danger_n after_o the_o example_n of_o capaneus_n by_o who_o this_o manner_n of_o assault_n with_o ladder_n be_v say_v to_o be_v first_o invent_v who_o be_v slay_v with_o so_o great_a violence_n by_o the_o theban_n that_o he_o be_v think_v to_o be_v destroy_v with_o thunder_n and_o therefore_o the_o besieger_n do_v enter_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o enemy_n with_o these_o engine_n call_v sambuca_fw-la exostra_fw-la and_o tolleno_fw-it that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o frame_n of_o timber_n &_o roope_n a_o bridge_n and_o a_o sweape_n sambuca_fw-la be_v call_v after_o the_o similitude_n of_o a_o harp_n for_o like_a as_o in_o a_o harp_n there_o be_v string_n so_o in_o the_o beam_n which_o be_v next_o the_o tower_n be_v roope_n which_o do_v lose_v and_o set_v at_o liberty_n the_o bridge_n with_o pullye_n from_o the_o upper_a part_n that_o it_o may_v go_v upon_o the_o wall_n and_o straight_o way_n the_o man_n of_o war_n issue_n out_o of_o the_o tower_n onâ—_n go_v over_o upon_o it_o do_v invade_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n exostra_fw-la be_v that_o bridge_n which_o we_o speak_v of_o before_o which_o sudden_o be_v stretch_v forth_o of_o the_o tower_n unto_o the_o wall_n tolleno_fw-it be_v this_o when_o a_o beam_n be_v set_v fast_o and_o deep_a upon_o the_o earth_n upon_o the_o which_o in_o the_o high_a top_n another_o beam_n be_v join_v overthwart_o long_o by_o the_o one_o half_a in_o measure_n so_o equal_o that_o when_o you_o pull_v down_o the_o one_o end_n the_o other_o rise_v up_o in_o the_o one_o end_n of_o this_o with_o hurdle_n and_o board_n be_v make_v room_n for_o a_o few_o man_n to_o stand_v in_o then_o pull_v the_o one_o end_n down_o with_o roope_n you_o lift_v up_o the_o other_o end_n &_o so_o set_v your_o man_n upon_o the_o wall_n ¶_o of_o the_o lesser_a kind_n of_o ordinance_n call_v balista_n of_o the_o great_a name_v onager_fw-la of_o that_o which_o be_v call_v scorpio_n of_o crossbow_n call_v arcubalistae_n of_o slingstave_n and_o sling_n by_o the_o which_o the_o wall_n be_v defend_v â–ª_o chap._n xxij_o against_o these_o incommoditye_n such_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n defend_v they_o that_o be_v besiege_v balistae_fw-la a_o lesser_a kind_n of_o ordinance_n onagrâ—_n a_o great_a also_o that_o which_o be_v call_v scorpio_n arcubalistae_n crossbow_n fustibali_n slingstave_n archer_n and_o sling_n balista_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n bend_v with_o rope_n or_o cord_n the_o which_o the_o long_a and_o great_a that_o it_o be_v so_o much_o the_o further_o it_o cast_v y_fw-mi shoot_v and_o this_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n if_o it_o be_v cunning_o frame_v and_o afterward_o discharge_v by_o skilful_a man_n that_o know_v the_o reech_n and_o compass_v of_o it_o do_v pierce_v through_o whatsoever_o it_o strike_v that_o which_o be_v name_v onager_fw-la serve_v to_o shoot_v stone_n withal_o and_o because_o the_o roope_n of_o it_o be_v great_a therefore_o the_o stone_n be_v mighty_a that_o it_o cast_v for_o the_o great_a and_o large_a the_o engine_n be_v so_o much_o the_o great_a stone_n it_o hurl_v in_o manner_n of_o thunder_n there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n more_o violent_a than_o these_o two_o sort_n scorpiones_fw-la be_v call_v in_o the_o old_a time_n such_o as_o now_o we_o term_v manubalistae_n so_o name_v because_o that_o with_o small_a arrow_n they_o kill_v man_n i_o think_v it_o superfluous_a to_o declare_v fustibalistas_n arcubalistas_n &_o fundas_fw-la which_o experience_n at_o this_o present_a know_v well_o enough_o the_o ordinance_n that_o i_o name_v onager_fw-la if_o it_o shoot_v mighty_a stone_n do_v not_o only_o
stir_v up_o &_o cause_n most_o vehement_a tempest_n in_o yâ—_n which_o although_o certain_a day_n be_v mark_v by_o y_fw-es testimony_n of_o author_n yet_o for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v sometime_o alter_v by_o diverse_a chance_n we_o must_v confess_v &_o acknowledge_v that_o man_n nature_n can_v know_v perfect_o the_o condition_n or_o state_n of_o heaven_n the_o rise_n of_o tempest_n yearly_o be_v of_o three_o sort_n for_o by_o experience_n we_o find_v in_o tempest_n â—â—pestes_z do_v happen_v either_o about_o â—ne_a certain_a day_n of_o the_o year_n prefix_v or_o before_o it_o or_o after_o whereupon_o the_o tempestuous_a season_n that_o go_v before_o y_fw-fr day_n appoint_a or_o midst_n of_o winter_n we_o call_v by_o y_fw-es name_n of_o a_o greek_a word_n procheimasin_n those_o y_fw-es rise_v just_a at_o the_o ordinary_a day_n we_o name_v epicheimasin_n those_o y_fw-fr follow_v the_o same_o we_o term_v metachâ—imasin_n but_o to_o rehearse_v every_o thing_n by_o name_n it_o seem_v both_o unmeet_a for_o this_o place_n &_o to_o long_o see_v y_fw-fr many_o writer_n have_v declare_v diligent_o in_o course_n &_o order_n not_o only_o of_o month_n but_o also_o of_o day_n in_o this_o case_n also_o the_o motion_n of_o planet_n many_o time_n trouble_v the_o clearness_n of_o the_o air_n when_o as_o at_o certain_a day_n appoint_v by_o god_n the_o creator_n of_o the_o world_n they_o draw_v near_o or_o depart_v from_o some_o of_o the_o twelve_o sign_n likewise_o the_o day_n wherein_o the_o moon_n change_v be_v common_o full_a of_o tempest_n &_o fearful_a to_o such_o as_o use_v the_o sea_n ¶_o of_o sâ—gnes_n and_o token_n whereby_o to_o know_v the_o clearness_n and_o troublesomeness_n of_o the_o air_n chap._n xlj_o by_o many_o token_n may_v man_n foreknow_v both_o storm_n after_o a_o calm_a &_o fair_a weather_n after_o tempest_n &_o this_o do_v y_fw-mi circle_n of_o the_o moon_n declare_v as_o in_o a_o glass_n a_o ruddy_a colour_n betoken_v wind_n a_o bluish_a or_o sky_n colour_n rain_n a_o colour_n mix_v of_o both_o foretell_v storm_n &_o rage_a weather_n a_o pleasant_a &_o bright_a circle_n do_v promise_n clear_a weather_n to_o ship_n especial_o if_o the_o four_o day_n after_o y_fw-es change_v her_o horn_n be_v not_o blunt_a &_o red_a nor_o yet_o darken_v with_o much_o moisture_n furthermore_o in_o the_o son_n you_o must_v mark_v whether_o at_o his_o rise_n or_o set_v his_o beam_n be_v cheerful_a &_o of_o one_o colour_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o cloud_n over_o against_o it_o they_o be_v of_o diverse_a colour_n &_o whether_o they_o be_v bright_a &_o glister_a or_o read_v like_o fire_n which_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o wound_n that_o will_v short_o follow_v or_o pale_a and_o speckle_a which_o betoke_v rain_n soon_o after_o likewise_o by_o the_o air_n &_o sea_n &_o the_o greatness_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o cloud_n may_v mariner_n know_v the_o change_n of_o weather_n if_o they_o geve_v their_o mind_n to_o it_o and_o some_o token_n may_v they_o learn_v of_o bird_n and_o some_o of_o fish_n as_o virgil_n in_o his_o georgikes_fw-gr do_v very_a wise_o declare_v and_o varro_n in_o his_o book_n of_o sail_v do_v diligent_o set_v forth_o the_o same_o and_o these_o thing_n do_v pilat_n &_o master_n of_o ship_n profess_v themselves_o to_o know_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o unlearned_a experience_n without_o any_o profound_a learning_n have_v instruct_v they_o ¶_o of_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n â–ª_o chap._n xlii_o the_o element_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o besides_o the_o blow_n of_o the_o wind_n do_v also_o move_v by_o itself_o for_o at_o certain_a hour_n as_o well_o in_o the_o day_n time_n as_o in_o the_o night_n it_o run_v to_o and_o fro_o by_o ebb_v &_o flow_v and_o sometime_o like_o a_o run_a brook_n flow_v to_o you_o landwarde_o sometime_o back_o into_o the_o deep_a again_o this_o doubleness_n of_o the_o move_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v help_v the_o course_n of_o ship_n if_o it_o be_v with_o they_o and_o hinder_v they_o if_o it_o be_v contrary_a which_o thing_n must_v be_v eschew_v with_o great_a heedefulnes_n of_o he_o that_o intend_v to_o fight_v for_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o tide_n can_v be_v overcome_v by_o any_o help_n of_o oar_n when_o as_o y_fw-es wind_fw-mi itself_o do_v geve_v place_n thereto_o and_o because_o that_o in_o diverse_a conntrye_n through_o the_o state_n of_o the_o moon_n increase_a or_o diminish_n at_o certain_a hour_n the_o tide_n do_v alter_v therefore_o he_o that_o go_v about_o to_o make_v war_n on_o the_o sea_n ought_v to_o know_v before_o he_o join_v battle_n the_o usage_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o that_o place_n ¶_o of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o place_n and_o of_o the_o rower_n chapter_n xliij_o the_o diligence_n and_o cunning_n of_o the_o mariner_n and_o governor_n be_v to_o know_v the_o place_n and_o haven_n where_o they_o sail_v that_o they_o may_v esche_z we_o shallow_a place_n &_o such_o as_o be_v dangerous_a by_o reason_n of_o rock_n appear_v or_o hide_v for_o the_o deep_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o safe_a &_o quiet_a it_o be_v in_o mariner_n be_v require_v diligence_n in_o the_o master_n skilfulness_n in_o the_o rower_n strength_n and_o manhood_n because_o that_o a_o sea_n battle_n be_v join_v when_o the_o water_n be_v calm_a and_o galley_n when_o they_o strike_v their_o enemy_n ship_n with_o their_o stem_n &_o forepart_n be_v drive_v with_o oar_n and_o not_o with_o wind_n and_o also_o when_o they_o shun_v the_o brunt_n of_o other_o they_o use_v the_o help_n of_o oar_n and_o not_o wind_v thereto_o therefore_o look_v what_o part_n have_v strong_a rower_n and_o cunning_a captain_n and_o master_n that_o same_o carry_v the_o victory_n ¶_o of_o weapon_n and_o ordinance_n of_o ship_n chap._n xliiii_o a_o land_n battle_n require_v many_o kind_n of_o armour_n and_o weapon_n but_o that_o which_o be_v fight_v on_o the_o sea_n need_v many_o more_o kind_n both_o of_o armour_n &_o weapon_n and_o also_o engine_n and_o ordinance_n even_o as_o they_o shall_v â—ight_n on_o the_o wall_n &_o tower_n of_o a_o city_n for_o what_o be_v more_o cruel_a they_o the_o fight_n upon_o the_o sea_n whereas_o man_n be_v kill_v â–ª_o not_o only_o with_o water_n but_o with_o fire_n therefore_o there_o must_v be_v a_o special_a regard_n have_v of_o harness_n and_o other_o cover_n that_o the_o soldier_n he_o fence_v with_o complete_a armour_n coat_n of_o plate_n helmet_n and_o leg_n harness_n for_o no_o man_n can_v complain_v of_o the_o weight_n or_o burden_n of_o his_o armour_n which_o fight_v stand_v in_o the_o ship_n you_o may_v make_v your_o shield_n both_o strong_a &_o large_a to_o bear_v of_o the_o stroke_n of_o stone_n hook_n and_o clamper_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o weapon_n use_v in_o ship_n dart_n and_o stone_n be_v cast_v between_o both_o party_n with_o arrow_n pellet_n sling_n slingstave_n leaden_a plummet_n great_a ordinance_n lesser_a ordinance_n iron_n bow_n or_o crossbow_n and_o which_o be_v a_o more_o grievous_a thing_n they_o that_o presume_v and_o think_v themselves_o surâ—_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o manhood_n after_o their_o galley_n be_v join_v 〈◊〉_d do_v pass_v over_o into_o y_fw-fr ship_n of_o their_o enemy_n on_o bridge_n lay_v over_o between_o in_o the_o great_a galley_n they_o do_v make_v up_o fortress_n and_o tower_n that_o as_o upon_o a_o wall_n so_o they_o may_v from_o above_o more_o easy_o wound_n and_o slay_v their_o enemy_n also_o they_o use_v to_o wrap_v arrow_n in_o tow_n pitch_n and_o brighstone_n and_o so_o kindle_v they_o â–ª_o to_o shoot_v and_o strike_v they_o into_o the_o side_n of_o their_o enemy_n ship_n and_o so_o sudden_o to_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o pitch_n and_o rosin_n wherewith_o the_o side_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v already_o anoint_v one_o sort_n be_v slay_v with_o the_o sword_n and_o stone_n or_o pellet_n another_o sort_n be_v compel_v to_o burn_v in_o the_o water_n and_o among_o so_o many_o kind_n of_o death_n which_o be_v the_o must_v cruel_a of_o all_o their_o body_n vuburyed_a must_v be_v devour_v and_o confume_v of_o fish_n ¶_o how_o wile_n may_v be_v wrought_v on_o the_o sea._n chap._n xlv_o as_o the_o use_n be_v in_o a_o field_n battle_n so_o likewise_o on_o 〈◊〉_d water_n you_o may_v privy_o steal_v upon_o your_o enemy_n at_o unwares_o or_o in_o â—â—eekes_n and_o strâ—ightes_n convenient_a you_o may_v hide_v a_o number_n of_o galley_n ready_a to_o come_v forth_o when_o need_n shall_v require_v that_o your_o enemy_n be_v unprovided_a may_v the_o soon_o be_v overcome_v special_o if_o they_o be_v weary_a with_o long_o row_v or_o if_o the_o wind_n or_o tide_n be_v contrary_a to_o they_o â–ª_o or_o if_o they_o