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A70800 The present state of the empire of Morocco with a faithful account of the manners, religion, and government of that people / by Monsieur de St. Olon. Pidou de Saint-Olon, Monsieur (François), 1646-1720.; Motteux, Peter Anthony, 1660-1718. 1695 (1695) Wing P2159; ESTC R24510 66,725 261

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'em in seeking all means possible that none of 'em may remain in Chains or Slavery abroad 'T is doubtless only to convince 'em that you are no less fond of being justly thought their Father than their King that you have lately shown a desire and made some steps to get free such of 'em as are Slaves in France and procure to your Subjects a Peace that is so necessary to 'em with those of the Emperour my Master by this means to re-establish all Security Plenty and Tranquility in their Commerce To which his Imperial Majesty being also willing to contribute he has commanded me to come hither and assure you in his Name that he has always entertain'd so much Friendship and so high an Esteem for your Majesty that nothing can be added either to his earnestness to give you further Testimonies of it or to the sincerity of his Intentions At the same time I presume to promise my self that such uniform Dispositions will meet with all the Success I can desire and that the Treaty which I am order'd to make to renew the Alliance and Peace being once concluded as firm and solid as is consistent with the common Good and Wishes of both Empires a good Correspondence will then be so perfectly re-establish'd that nothing will ever be able to shake or destroy it These Sir are the Intentions and Resolutions of the Emperour my Master of whose almost incredible Victories and Conquests in his last Campaigns I do not doubt but Fame that is always employ'd to speak his Majesty's wonderful Atchievements has sufficiently inform'd you and how in spight of the prodigious numbers of Enemies since so long a time combin'd against the Power the Wisdom the Valour and the Fortune of Lewis the Great he has always been so happy as to triumph over them This is a visible effect of the Protection of the God of Hosts and of the Reward he bestows on his Piety May Heaven grant that the Union which I come to renew between your Imperial Majesties may be always favour'd and upheld by such a Protection and that you may both prove for ever the Love the Delight and the Safety of your Subjects the prop of your Allies the terror of your Enemies and the absolute Masters of the vast Parts of the World in which you Both Reign with so much Glory After these so just and zealous Wishes there remains nothing Sir for me to do but most humbly to beseech your Majesty to be pleas'd to accept of these Presents how disproportionable soever they may be to my deep Respect as a Testimony of my sincere desire to please your Majesty My Interpreter afterwards read this Complement to the King in the Moorish Tongue and this Prince having answer'd it in such a manner as made us know he had heard it with Pleasure added some Excuses for not having been able to see me before being then taken up by the Ceremonies of his Easter and said that all the Christian Slaves could witness this After this he proceeded to speak in the King's Praise and enlarg'd very much on his Power Valour and Wise Conduct as also on the great difference which he puts between the Emperour of France and all the other Potentates of Europe saying That he knew not one amongst 'em all besides him that truly deserv'd the Name of Sovereign and that none but the King knew like him for he always affects to compare himself to his Most Christian Majesty how to Reign by himself and make himself the absolute Master of the Fate and Will of his People Then repeating what he had already said to me at the first Interview concerning the Advantages which the Grand-Signior found in the Alliance which he had so long maintain'd with his Majesty he added that all these Motives joyn'd to the esteem which he had for the rare and great Worth of that first Monarch of Christendom had so much excited him to seek also his Friendship and made him so impatiently desire it that besides the Assurances which he had caus'd to be given His Majesty of it by Consul Estelle he had design'd to have sent Embassadors to desire his Friendship if my coming had not prevented him I answer'd that the Emperour my Master well inform'd of his Sentiments had dispatch'd me with all possible speed to assure him of his readiness to comply with his Majesty's Desires and to renew with him by a firm and lasting Peace the Bonds of a Friendship that would be the more durable for being altogether grounded on the esteem which two such great Princes could not but have for each other and that for my part I esteem'd my self most honour'd and most happy in being chosen for the effecting so agreeable a Project He told me that his Intent was also to make a firm Peace that he charg'd the Alcayde Mehemet Ben Addo Otar there present to settle the Conditions of it that he was his near Relation whom he look'd upon as his second self and that he being the Son of a French Woman 't is true indeed that this Alcayde's Mother was of Marseilles I had no reason to doubt but that I should find him altogether well-dispos'd to make a speedy and wish'd for end of the Business I reply'd that I thank'd his Majesty for giving me a Minister to treat with whose Merit and Praise were sufficiently display'd by the choice which so wise and knowing a Prince made of his Person and that provided the Effects were answerable to these fair Appearances I did not doubt but all things would be ended to the satisfaction of both Parties He answer'd that nothing could contribute more to this than a speedy and reciprocal joyning of the Arms of the Emperour of France with his against the Spaniards our common Enemies and that he imagin'd a Conquest that way to be not only very easie and very advantagious to the King but also the surest means to raise his Majesty's Power and Glory to the highest pitch After this he enlarg'd with a great deal of warmth and for near a quarter of an hour upon whatever he thought might flatter his Passion and his Designs on that Subject and finally concluded that he did not believe on the account of the Alliance he had a mind to contract with his Majesty that he ever could deny him the Assistance he wanted for the retaking the Towns which they still hold in his Country and that he was sorry he was not more his Neighbour in a Juncture that was so pleasing and might become so useful to him To this I said that when the Treaty which I brought should be concluded and ratified on both sides 't would then be time to make some Overtures to each other and explain our selves on the Necessities and Supplies that might then unanimously be the result of it that this was all the answer I could give to this Article at present and that I could well assure him that the Emperour my Master alike
one of the richest in all this Empire and the King receives the greatest Presents every Year from him the least exceeding the value of 400000 Livres That which adds to the Profits of his Government is Traffick and the Neighbourhood of the Sea which renders it one of the best and give him a great Reputation with his Master He is very illiterate and can't so much as read yet has a great deal of Sense and great Experience in Affairs which makes up for all he is fierce haughty full of himself and much puff'd up with his Fortune and Advancement he is Violent humorous and subject to Passion in which he spares not his best Friends nevertheless when he is come to himself he is Gentle Humane Tractable and of a Deportment altogether Noble and Honourable he does not hate the Christians and wou'd seem as much a Friend to the French as an Enemy to the Spaniards but it may be imagin'd that Policy and Interest have a greater share in his Publick Sentiments than Truth For it is certain that the King continually presses him most earnestly to get Ceuta out of the Hands of the Spaniards the performance of which he imposes on him at the Price of his Head and the more Commerce there is in the Towns of his Government the more considerable are his Revenues and the Presents he is oblig'd to make This consequently makes him heartily wish that his Master were at Peace with those Christian Princes whom he judges most Powerful at Sea and from time to time he attempts effecting it with the King but his Interest with that Prince which he always takes so great a Care to magnifie must needs be too weak to prevail in spight of the continual opposition of his Competitor or perhaps he presumes a little too far on his Artifices for the Engagement and Success of his Designs since the King my Master has lately been inform'd by the Report I made him of it that this Alcayde discover'd no less Surprise and Displeasure for having miscarried in such an Affair than Resolution and Desire to renew his Attempts to succeed better in it His great Favourite whose Advice he takes and on whom he relies for the execution of all his Affairs is Mahomet Hadgy Lucas made by him his Lieutenant-General of the Marine This Man whose abode is altogether at Tetuan accompany'd Mahomet Addo in his Embassy to England which has a little more civiliz'd him or at least makes him less barbarous than the rest he has a great deal of Sense and is well skill'd in the management of Business speaks good Spanish is quick cunning laborious violent a dissembler a cheat and always inclin'd to do mischief which makes him abhorr'd not only by the Christians and the Jews but by all the Moors in general And in short to draw his Picture more exactly and in fewer Stroaks there is no more to be said than this Truth That his Temper his Manners his Words and his Actions do not at all belye the common observations on the Judas-colour of his Beard and Hair He is not above fifty Years old but so full of Diseases the cause of which he attributes to Poyson which he pretends was given him in some Melons by the Governor of Ceuta above a Year since that 't is to be hop'd he will not long hold out against the effect of those deadly Imprecations which are universally bestow'd on him Since this Discourse hath insensibly engag'd me to give the Character and personal Qualities of such Persons as make any distinct Figure in this State I think I ought not to forget a Man whom the Honour of having been Embassador to France has made known there and of whose Quality it is convenient to be inform'd that hereafter this may serve as a Rule to those of his own Character 'T is Mahomet Themin who came thither in the Quality of Embassador in 1681 and makes no other Figure in his own Country than that of an Amokadem at Tetuan that is to say a sort of puny Judge one of his Brothers is a Broker there and the other a Rope-seller besides Themin obtain'd this Office there but after his return that he might have the means after a sort to maintain an Honour to which in Truth he was never design'd for he shou'd have been only Secretary to Hadgy Manino Governor of Sally the true Embassador but his Name was inserted without the King's knowledge in the Credential Letter which the Alcayde Omar Addo his Protector and Patron gave 'em for which reason he took Care at his return neither to boast of the Honours nor the Presents he had receiv'd in France the last of which he sold at Marseilles that none might know of 'em in his Country and he might keep the Profits of 'em to himself No more durst Hadgy Manino complain for fear of incurring the Displeasure of the Alcayde Omar who at that time rul'd every Thing and of whom the King of Morocco has rid himself these five Years since for this reason But to pass by these particular Subjects of the Emperor of Morocco and speak of all those that compose his State 't is to be observ'd that there are two sorts of 'em for some are Blacks and the rest White-men The first tho' they are his Slaves are those he trusts most and the usual Executors of his Orders which they fulfil in such an Imperious and Absolute a manner that the most Powerful of the Alcaydes themselves tremble at the sight of the least of ' em When he goes to Battel he has in his Army always Seven or eight thousand of 'em as well of Foot as of Horse These are his best Soldiers and fight always near his Person with Fire-Arms and he gives the Government of Places or the Chief Posts in his Army to those whom he likes best among ' em The King of Morocco from time to time gets a Number of these Blacks whom he either buys or procures by force or cunning out of their Country and having caus'd 'em to marry sends 'em with some Cattle of which he gives them the Care and Profit into several uninhabited Places where he uses 'em like a Nursery to serve him upon occasion The White-men tho' they are free-born and very numerous being originally Natives of the Country yet are not the more regarded or happy for it and as a Token of the little Affection and Esteem the King has for them he commits the Guard of his Person to the Blacks to whom he gives so great an Authority over the White-men that they exact upon 'em and abuse 'em without controul as they please and when they think fit which has driven the latter to such a Despair that they are ready to attempt any thing if they had an opportunity and power answerable to their Intentions Indeed most of them are so naturally inclin'd to revolt that the knowledge which this Prince has of it is none of the least Motive