the common enimie abroad as by that which followeth you may plainelie perceiue For whilest the French thus triumphed in Normandie thrée cruell enimies among manie as by ciuill warre and sedition insuing appeared sore vrged the vtter ruine of this reame at home One was presumption in gouernance by some that were most vnméet to rule as the queene with hir priuie counsellors and minions then the deadlie malice and pride with insatiable couetise in the states both spirituall and temporall and lastlie the generall grudge of the people for the vniuersall smart that through misgouernment euerie where they suffered who thus forweried with the peise of burthens too heauie for them line 10 anie longer to beare Heerewith perceiuing how through want of prouident wisedome in the gouernour all things went to wracke as well within the realme as without they began to make exclamation against the duke of Suffolke charging him to be the onelie cause of the deliuerie of Aniou and Maine the chéefe procuror of the duke of Glocesters death the verie occasion of the losse of Normandie the swallower vp of the line 20 kings treasure the remoouer of good and vertuous councellours from about the prince and the aduancer of vicious persons and of such as by their dooings shewed themselues apparant aduersaries to the common-wealth The quéene hereat doubting not onelie the dukes destruction but also hir owne confusion caused the parlement before begun at the Blackfriers to be adiourned to Leicester thinking there by force and rigor of law to suppresse and subdue all the malice and line 30 euill will conceiued against the duke hir At which place few of the nobilitie would appeare wherefore it was againe adiourned to Westminster where was a full appearance In the which session the commons of the nether house put vp to the king and the lords manie articles of treason misprision and euill demeanor against the duke of Suffolke the effect whereof with his answers héere insueth Articles proponed by the commons line 40 against the duke of Suffolke line 1 FIrst they alleged that he had traitorouslie excited prouoked and counselled Iohn earle of Dunois bastard of Orleance Bertram lord Presignie William Cosinet enimies to the king and fréends and ambassadours to Charles calling himselfe French king to enter into this realme and to leauie warre line 50 against the king and his people to the intent to destroie the king and his freends and to make Iohn his sonne king of this realme marieng him to Margaret sole heire to Iohn duke of Summerset pretending and declaring hir to be next heire inheritable to the crowne for lacke of issue of the kings bodie lawfullie begotten 2 Item the said duke being of the kings priuie and néere councell allured by great rewards and line 60 faire promises made by the said earle of Dunois caused the king to deliuer and set at libertie Charles duke of Orleance enimie to the king and the kings noble father which deliuerance was prohibited by expresse words in the last will of the kings most victorious father 3 Item that before the departing of the said duke of Orleance the aforenamed duke of Suffolke traitorouslie fast cleauing to Charles called the French king counselled prouoked and intised the said duke of Orleance to mooue the same king to make warre against England both in France and Normandie According to which procurement counsell the said French king hath recouered the whole realme of France and all the duchie of Normandie and taken prisoners the earle of Shrewesburie the lord Fauconbridge and manie other valiant capteins ¶ These thrée articles aforenamed he denied either for fact or thought 4 Further it was alleged that he being ambassadour for the king of England to Charles calling himselfe the French king promised to Reiner king of Sicill and to Charles d'Angiers his brother enimies to the king the release of Aniou with the deliuerance of the countie of Maine and the citie of Maunt or Mans without the knowledge of the other ambassadours with him accompanied Which promise after his returne he caused to be performed to the kings disinheritance and losse irrecouerable and to the strength of his enimies and feeblishment of the duchie of Normandie ¶ To this article he answered that his commission was to conclude and doo all things according to his discretion for the obteining of a peace bicause without deliuerie of those countries he perceiued that the truce could not be obteined he agreed to the release and deliuerance of them 5 Also they had great cause to iudge by the sequele that the said duke being in France in the kings seruice and one of the priuiest of his councell there traitorouslie declared and opened to the capteins and conductors of warre apperteining to the kings enimies the kings counsell purueiance of his armies furniture of his townes all other ordinances whereby the kings enimies instructed aforehand by his traitorous information haue gotten townes and fortresses and the king by that meanes depriued of his inheritance 6 Item the said duke declared to the earle of Dunois to the lord Presignie and William Cosâ—net ambssadours for the French king lieng in London the priuities of the kings councell both for the prouision of further warre and also for the defense of the duchie of Normandie by the disclosing whereof the Frenchmen knowing the king secrets defeated the kings appointments and they obteined their purpose 7 Item that the said duke at such time as the king sent ambassadours to the French king for the intreating of peace traitorouslie before their comming to the French court certified king Charles of their commission authoritie and instructions by reason whereof neither peace nor amitie succéeded and the kings inheritance lost and by his enimies possessed 8 Item the same duke said openlie in the Star-chamber before the lords of the councell that he had as high a place in the councell-house of the French king as he had there and was as well trusted there as here and could remooue from the French king the priuiest man of his councell if he would 9 Item when armies haue béene prepared and souldiers readie waged to passe ouer the sea to deale with the kings enimies the said duke corrupted by rewards of the French king hath restreined staid the said armies to passe anie further 10 Item the said duke being ambassadour for the king comprised not in the league as the kings alies neither the king of Aragon neither the duke of Britaine but suffered them to be comprised on the contrarie part By reason whereof the old amitie of the K. of Aragon is estranged from this realme and the duke of Britaine became enimie to the same Giles his brother the kings sure freend cast in strong prison and there like to end his daies All these obiections he vtterlie denied or faintlie auoided but none fullie excused Diuerse other crimes were laid to his charge as inriching himselfe with the kings goods and
in hast came one from monsieur Destrees that stood at the rampire aduising him to send his souldiors to the wals otherwise that the Swisses line 40 would assuredlie enter So constreined his lordship promised them to compound and so he got them to the wals Then my lord going to councell at length agreed vpon these conditions First that the castell with all the furniture therin as well vittels as great artillerie powder and all other munitions of warre should be wholie rendred without wasting hiding or minishment thereof Secondarilie that the lord Greie with all the capteins officers and others hauing charge there should remaine prisoners at the line 50 dukes pleasure to be ransomed after the maner of warre Thirdlie that all the rest as well souldiors as others should depart with their armors and baggage to what parties it séemed them best neuerthelesse to passe without sound of drum or trumpet or ensigne and to leaue them behind These articles sent by monsieur Destrees to the duke were accepted so in the after noone the duke himselfe came receiued the keies of my lord Greie who presentlie went out and was giuen to the marshall Strozzie line 60 and from him sold to monsieur de Randan by whom he came into his brother the counte de Rochefoucalt his hands and there rested till he was redéemed for foure and twentie thousand crownes The daie following that is saie the two and twentith of Ianuarie all the souldiors of the said fortresse of Guisnes as well English as strangers with all the rest of the inhabitants and other excepted the lord Greie himselfe maister Arthur Greie his son sir Henrie Palmer knight Montdragon capteine of the Spaniards and other men of charge reserued by the composition departed with their bag and baggage from thense towards Flanders At whose issuing foorth there were estéemed to the number of eight or nine hundred able men for the warre part English part Burgognians Of Spaniards so few were left as no account is to be made of them in maner the whole number of them being slaine and selling their liues right déerelie according to the order of good hardie souldiors Thus endeth this siege wherein for breuities sake we haue left to saie anie thing of the prouisions that the lord Greie made against the same of the aduertisements that from time to time he sent to king Philip and quéene Marie and of their answers of the sundrie aduentures which they of Guisnes had with the enimie during their being about Calis and of the great and manie booties that were there taken Onelie in a word or two will I ad what bands of strangers were within the péece because thereof as in an other thing or two I doo find maister Grafton in his chronicle speake at rouers First came in Montdragon with two Spaniards more verie valiant men whome did follow within a daie or two about foure or fiue and thirtie other Spaniards all shot of which as I haue heard there went not fiue out of the castell There came one capteine Desquie a Burgognian with two hundred souldiors pikes most This band was appointed to the Marie bulworke whose capteine being full of the gout and an impotent man would not yet be from his charge but in his bed ended his life in the bulworke And so of this enough But now after the winning of this towne and castell the duke aduising well vpon the place and considering that if it should happen to be regained by Englishmen what a noisome neighbor the same might be to Calis now being French and speciallie what impeachment should come thereby for the passage thither from France considering also the neere standing thereof to the French kings fortresse of Ard so that to keepe two garrisons so nigh togither should be but a double charge and not onlie néedlesse but also dangerous for the cause afore rehearsed Upon these considerations as the Frenchmen write he tooke order for all the great artillerie vittels and other munition to be taken foorth and the castell with all the bulworkes and other fortifications there with all spéed to be razed and throwne downe and the stuffe to be caried awaie and emploied in other more necessarie places Then rested nothing within all the English pale on that side vnconquered but the little castell or pile called Hammes which though it were but of small force made by art and industrie of mans hand and being altogither of old workemanship without rampiers or bulworks yet neuerthelesse by the naturall situation thereof being on all sides inuironed with fens and marish grounds it could not easilie be approched vnto either with great ordinance for the batterie or else with anie armie to incampe there for a siege but hauing one streict passage thereto by a narrow causeie trauersed and cut through in diuerse places with déepe ditches alwaies full of water Which thing being well foreséene by Edward lord Dudleie then capteine there hauing as good cause to suspect a siege there as his neighbors had afore the Frenchmens comming to Guisnes caused all the bridges of the said causeie being of wood to be broken to giue thereby the more impeachment to the French if they should attempt to approch the same as shortlie after they did and kept diuerse of the passages But to deliuer the duke and his souldiors from that care there came to him glad newes from those that had charge to watch the said causeie how the capteine hauing intelligence of the rendering of Guisnes secretlie the same night had conueied himselfe with his small garrison by a secret passage ouer the marish into Flanders Wherby the duke being now past care of anie further siege to be laid in all the frontier tooke order foorthwith to seize the said little fort into his own hands as it was easie to doo when there was no resistance When this peece was once seized by the French then remained there non◠other place of defense nor strength of the English on all that side the sea for the safegard of the rest of the countrie Whereby the French king became line 10 wholie and throughlie lord maister of all the English pale for now as ye haue heard there was neither towne castell or other fortresse more or lesse on that side sauing Boots bulworke neere to Graueling which after king Philip kept as his but that it was either taken awaie by force or else abandoned and left open to the enimie And as the Frenchmen write besides the great riches of gold and siluer coine iewels plate wools and other merchandize which was inestimable there were found thrée line 20 hundred peeces of brasse mounted on whéeles and as manie of iron with such furniture of powder pellets armour vittels and other munitions of war scarselie credible Thus haue you heard the whole discourse of the conquest of the noble towne of Calis with all the English fortresses and countrie adioining made
60. He and the French kings interuiew at Gisors 74 a 60. Whie called Shortmantell 115 a 10. Sickeneth and dieâ—h 114 b 50. His dead bodie laie naked a long time 114 b 60 115 a 10. His epitaphs 116 a 40 Henrie the third borne at Winchester 171 b 60. The beginning of his reign 197 a 10. His coronation and annointing b 20. The presumptuous procéedings of the barons against him 263 a 50. Asked counsell how to procéed in his warres against the French king 232 b 20. Maketh hard shift for monie to hire soldiors to assist him he remooueth towards Windsore commeth to Stratford 273 a 60 b 10. Laie at Cambridge 273 a 50. He the lord wardens of the cinque ports reconciled 271 b 50. The barons that rose against him their chéefe capteins 264 b 20. Aided by his two halfe brethren he incampeth at Lewes the barons send him letters his answer he deâ—ieth them the battell betwéene them 267 b all The scholers of Oxford fight against him 267 a 10. His protestation against the articles at Oxford 265 b 30. Licenced to passe ouer into France 263 b 20. Hée falleth sicke of a seuer quartane 263 b 20 In his time manie gouernours ouer the land pernicious to the coÌ„monwâ—lth 263 a 60 b 10. Asketh licence to passe ouer sea 262 a 30. Saileth into France compoundeth all differences with the French king 262 a 40. Sore sicke and in despaire of life 208 a 40. His charges and wastfull expenses 255 b 60. Passeth himselfe into wales 255 a 30. Lacketh monie 254 b 40. Assaieth to get monie of the lordâ— temporall 246 b 60. Maketh great shift for monie to send vnto the pope and sendeth the pope a warrant to take it vp 250 b 40. His charges to Gascoigne 250 b 10. Demandeth a subsidie 249 b 20. Offended with them that refused to helpe him with monie b 40. His dets thrée hundred thousand marks 252 a 20. Purposeth to go himselfe into Gascoigne taketh the sea ariueth at Burdeaux 248 b 10 c. Inuadeth Wales buildeth a castell at Gannoke 236 b 10. Returneth out of Wales 237 b 40. Flat against the pope his demands and decrées his proclamation inhibiting monie to be sent to the pope 238 b 60. 239 a 10. His halfe brethren come to sée him 239 b 60. Being in solemne procession at Paules note 240 a 30. Disgraced by his nobles in a solemne parlement 240 b 50. His eldest sonne created duke of Aquitaine 246 b 10. Goeth into Wales with an armie 226 b 40. Rather hindered than helped by the countesse of Bierne 230 a 40. Spareth to set himselfe out of debt 242 b 10. Driuen to sell his state for lacke of monie 241 a 20. Procureth aâ— inhibition to the pope 242 b 10. His mother departeth this life 239 a 50. Taketh vpon him the crosse 242 a 40. Highlie offended with the bishops 246 b 60. Euill spoken of 231 a 30. Passeth ouer into France againsâ— the French king 229 b 20. His sundrie meanes of impositions to gather monie note 229 a 50. His halfe brethren depart the realme 258 a 50 b 50. They are pursued and send to the French king for safe conduct 258 b 60. His seuere sentence against a bribetaking iustice 243 b 50 c 244 a 10. Goeth with an armie towards Scotland 233 b 40. He and the king of Scots made friends b 60. Lieth in wait for mens goods 253 a 10. Fauoureth not the citie of London 274 b 20. ¶ Sée London Put to flight 268 a 20. Returneth into England through France 250 a 60. Goeth ouer vnto the French king 266 a 40. Like to haue béene destroied at Woodstocke in his bed note 223 a 40. Crowned the second time and whie 202 b 30. His mariage 219 b 30. Entreth into Wales with an armie hath but sorie successe returneth 217 a 60 b 10 20. Goeth against the Welshmen but with ill successe 214 a 10. Gathereth monie towards his iornie into France 211 b 60. Saileth ouer into France hée taketh diuerse townes and castels getteth the victorie returneth into Britaine faileth home into England his owne realme 211 b 60 212 all Prepareth to passe ouer into France 211 a 60. Is constreined to agrée with the Welshmen 210 b 30. In fauor with Normans Poictouins 210 a 50. His grant to his brother 209 b 10. Glad to appoint a daie of treatie for pacification betwéene him his nobles 209 b 10. And whie he wold not admit Walter de Hamelsham archbishop of Canturburie 210 a 10. Will in no wise bind indanger his laie fée to the church of Rome 208 b 20. Demandeth restitution of parcels of inheritance belonging to the crowne 205 b 60. Purchaseth a bull of the pope for his sufficiencie to gouerne 205 b 10. Deposeth all the magistrats of the citie of London c 204 b 10. His summons to raise him an armie the capteins of the same 199 b 50 60. He requireth restitution of his right of the French king 203 b 10. Put in full possession of the realme 201 b 60. His practise to get monie 241 b 20. Sickneth 275 a 10. Extreame sicke his death buriall issue proportion of bodie conditions good and bad 276 a 40 c. Henrie the fourth duke of Lancaster proclamed king 507 b 30 Planâ—agenet his stile or title the beginning of his reigne 509 a 40. His coronation 510 all His title to the crowne 511 a 10 Ment to haue made a iournie against the infidels he is vexed with sickenesse 540 b 60. Of an apoplexie his death buriall issue stature c 541 a 10 c. His suspicious gelousie toward his son prince of Wales 539 a 10. Taketh vpon him to defend the Orleanciall faction 538 b 30. The faction of Orleance sue to him for aid 537 b 60. Articles of couenants which they offered him the conditions which they requested of him 538 a 10 60. A fauourer of the clergie 536 a 50. In danger to be taken by the French pirats 525 b 10. His comming to Berwike he preuaileth against the Scots he passeth into Wales looseth his cariages returneth 530 b 50 60 Wanteth monie can get none of the lords 527 b 60. Goeth to Yorke 524 a 10. Charged with periurie his answer to the messengers that brought the lords articles he offereth pardon to his aduersaries his manhood against them 523. His answer to the Persies libell his spéedie diligence against his enimies he troubleth them with his sudden comming 522 a 60 b 40. In armes against the Welshmen he looseth his labour 520 b 20 30. His suspicion grounded vpon a guiltie conscience his daughter maried into Germanie 520 b 10 In danger to haue béen destroied in his bed note 519 b 20. Inuadeth Scotland making gret wast 518 b 20. Causeth Richard the second to be put to a violent death 516 b 50. Commeth to the Towre of London the lords make towards the citie against him he goeth foorth against them 515
〈◊〉 wedder some saie A not committed vnder pretense of wrestling Robert Serle maior of London Constantâ—ne a citizen of London procureth the citizens to reuenge their cause by waie of rebellion Matth. Paris The lord chéefe iustice taketh inquisition of the riot Constantine apprehended He is executed Great tempeâ—â— A generall thunder Great dearth of corne In other tempest of thunder Polydor. A comet or blasing star The losse of the citie of Damieta William de â—â—benie earle of Arundell departed this 〈◊〉 Anno Reg. 7. Iohn Scot marrieth the daughter of Leolin prince of Wales A councell 〈◊〉 London Note the redinesse of the bish to 〈◊〉 new contention The answer of William Brewer to the archbishops demand Ahab accuseth Helias An inquisition Matth. Paris The earle of Penbroke recouereth his castels taken by the prince of Wales The prince of Wales discomfited A conspiracie against the lord chiefe iustice Matt. Paris The king of Ierusalem commeth into England The death of the French king Ambassadors sent into France Anno Reg. 8. Polydor. The king giueth a gentle answer to his lords The king demanded restitution of parcels of inheritance belonging to the crowne Discord betwixt Sauerie de Mauleon and the earle of Salisburie Sauerie de Mauleon reuelâ—â—th to the French king Matth. Paris Matt. Westm. Fouks de Brent an enimie to rest and quietnesse Matth. Paris Henrie Braibroke taken by Fouks de Brent and imprisoned Bedford castell besieged He was in the borders of Wales where the earle of Chester was lord The end of Fouks 〈◊〉 Brent Plaut in Pâ—â—sa Dunstable The Poictouins send to king Henrie Rochel woon Matth. Paris Anno Reg. 9. A parlement A fiftéenth granted to the king Magna Charta and Charta de Forresta confirmed Forrests Matth. Paris Polydor. Thrée hundred saâ—th Gaguin Towns woon by the Englishmen The earle of Marsh saith Matth. Paris The Frenchmen taken at aduantage The earle of Cornewall raiseth his siege from the Rioll The death of the earle of Salisburie Matth. Paris Préests concubines forbidden christian buriall Anno Reg. 10. A legat from the pope Matth. Paris A parlement called The king to sicke Matt. Westm. Matth. Paris The cardinals request The answer of Iohn the archdeacon of Bedford Fabian A grant to the citizens of London Matth. Paris Anno Reg. 11. 1227 A parlement at Oxford The king at lawfull age Matth. Paris Polydor. The charters cancelled The death 〈◊〉 Lewes the French king The earle of Marsh commeth ouer to the king and offereth him his seruice Polydor. Matth. Paris Ambassadors sent into France Polydor. The earle of Cornewall returneth home Matth. Paris The earle of Cornewall He departeth from the court secretlie He wineth himselfe with the earles of Chester and Penbroke and others They meét at Stamford with an armie A day appointed to meét at NorthamptoÌ„ for a treatie of pacification The kings grant to his brother Val. Flac. lib. 4. The pope exhorteth the christians to make a iournie against the Saracens Matth. Paris sixtie thousaÌ„d Polydor. Anno Reg. 12. 1228 Matth. Paris Weights and measures Polydor. Hubert de Burgh created earle of Kent Stephan archbishop of Canturburie departed this life Richard Wethersheid elected in his place Matth. Paris Walter Helmesham A new trouble about the election of the archbishop of Canturburie Fabian Polydor. The earle of March worketh to induce the Normans Poictouins to fauour the king of England The Normans write to the king of England Matt. Paris The WelshmeÌ„ 〈◊〉 the castell of Montgomerie The king with an armie commeth to the succour of them 〈◊〉 the castell The abbeie 〈◊〉 Cride burnt The king â—â—â—ginneth to build a castell Pe is coÌ„stâ—â—â—ned to agree with the Welshmen The lord WilliaÌ„ de Breuse taken prisoner Matt. Paris Strange sights in the aire Polydor. Anno. Reg. 13. 1229 A parlement or a councel holden The temporal lords refuse to â—â—d the pope with monie Stephan de Segraue The tenths of the spiritualtie granted to the pope Usurers Matth. Paris The earle of Chester wold not permit the tenths to be gathered with in his land King Henrie prepareth to passe ouer into France The earle of Kent fallen in to the kings displeasure Henrie earle of Britaine The kings iournie deferred Anno Reg. 14. 1230 Matth. Paris The king of Scots kept Christmasse with the king of England at Yorke Matth. Paris A strange tempest at London Sée Iohn Stow pag. 261. of his large collectioÌ„ printed 1580. Matth. Paris The king gathereth monie towards his iournie into France Matth. Paris The Lord W. de Breuse hanged The king saileth ouer into France A fifteénth and tenth granted to the king Polydor. Englishmen sent to Spain against the Saracens Matth. Paris Escuage demanded The archb of Canturburie standeth against the K. in defense of his cleargie Contention betwixt the archb and the earle of Kent Matth. Paris Ralfe Neuill elected arch of Canturburie SimoÌ„ Langtons report of the conditions of Ralfe Neuill Sée before in pag. 177 178. The pope maketh void the election The earle of Cornewall marrieth the countesse of Glocester The earle of Penbroke departed this life Polydor. Leolin prince of Wales inuadeth the English borders The Welshmen put to flight The king goeth against the Welshmen Matt. Paris The English men distressed Mawds castell repaired Matth. Paris Hâ—nrie earle of Britaine and the earle of Chester distresse the French kings cariages A truce taken Anno Reg. 16. 1232 Matth. Paris An vnorderlie presumptuous attempt The superscription of their letters Masking threshers The pope coÌ„plaineth to the K. in blaming him The pope coÌ„mandeth the offendors to be accursed Inquisition taken The earle of Kent put in blame Sir Robert de Twing Polydor. A parleâ—â—â—â— subsidie demanded and denied A subsidie demanded and denied The bishop of Winchesters counsell giuen to the king The king followeth the bishop of Winchesters counsell Matth. Paris Ranulfe Briton Peter de Riuales The earle of Kent discharged of his office of cheéfe iustice Matth. Paris The earle of Kent taketh sanctuarie The citizens of London their good deuotion towards the earle of Kent Ouid. lib. 2. de trist 5. Hor. lib. car 1. od 35. Matth. Paris A subsidie granted in a parlement holden at Lambeth Anno Reg. 17. Matth. Paris Ranulfe earle of Chester departeth this life Erle Ranulfe thrice maried This Clemence was daughter to erle Ferrers The partition of his lands This Roger Lacie is surnamed Helie The earle of Kent kept in prison within the castell of Uées Matth. Paris A great thunder A wet summer Foure summer beside the accustomed sun Matth. Paris Matth. Paris A strange woonder Polydor. The king beginneth to fauour strangers The bishop of Winchester The earle of Penbroke Strangers alwaies odious to the hours borne The lords that withdrew into Wales Matth. Paris Polydor. The king proclaimed them traitors Strangers sent for Matth. Paris The earle of Kent escapeth and taketh sanctuarie He is fetcht out He is restored to sanctuarie Anno Reg. 18.
force The lord Euers brought a power of horssemen from the borders Knights created at Lith by the earle of Hertford Lith burnt The lord Seaton Haddington burnt Dunbar burnt The end of the voiage Townes burnt in the same voiage Sée more heereof in Scotland Abr. Fl. ex I. Stow. 1029. Base monie coined Irish in warlike manner passe through the citie Procession in English An armie leuied to inuade France Thrée battels apointed with their seuerall lieutenants The duke of Norffolke the lord priuie seale The countie de Buren Monsieur de Biez The duke of Suffolke Bullongne besieged The king passeth the seas to Bullongne Bullongne assaulted Bullongne deliuered The number of them that went fort◠〈◊〉 Bullongne The king 〈◊〉 into Bulâ—ongne The king retâ—rneth into England The emperor câ—ncludeth a peace with the french king The number of the men of war in Muttrell A mount raised Sir Francis Brian Tiberio that alter serued the king of England Negligence of Englishmen for not putting their valiant dooings in writing A stratagem of the lord Mountioie A politike feat atchiued by the lord Mountioie The lord Mountioie a noble yoong gentleman The English archers gall the French horssemen Saint Requiers burnt by the Englishmen Rieu sacked The siege 〈◊〉 Muttrell broken vp The Dolphin commeth before Bullongne with his great power A camisado 〈◊〉 to base Bullongne â—n euerthrow giuen to the French 〈…〉 Bullongne Monsieur de Biez coÌ„meth before Bullongne with an armie The Frenchmen dislodge out of their 〈◊〉 The comfortable words of the English capteins The English horssemen charge the French battels The valiant order of monsieur de Biez The lord admerall his redie coÌ„ceiuing the meaning of the enimies Hardilo sands Artillerie gained Iohn Stow. Great priâ—es of French goods taken by the Westerne ships Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 1030. Sir William Roch sent to the Fléet Execution for false accusation The discomfiture gotten by the Scots at Halidon rig The valiant sir Rafe Euers slaine Read alderman of London prisoner Anno Reg. 〈◊〉 Rich. 〈◊〉 Anne Askeâ— and others arreigned and acquited Thomas Daie pewterer Martin de Bellaie The new fort before Bullogne I. S. pag. 1031. Hailestones figured like mens heads The English fléet commeth before Newhauen The French 〈◊〉 landeth in the I le of Wight The Frenchmen land in Sussex The Marie Rose drowned by negligence Frenchmen distressed in the I le of Wight The number 〈◊〉 the French 〈◊〉 The earle of Hertford foâ—raâ—â—th the middle marches of Scotland The Londoners set foorth a power into France The death of the valiant lord Poinings The death of the duke of Suffolke His iust commendation Monsieur de Lorges sent into Scotland with certeine French bands The earle of Hertford inuadeth Scotland Ouerthrowes on both sides betwixt the English and Scots Tâ—eporte oppidum Galliae maritimum à Iohanne Dudleio praefecto regiae clasâ—is diripitur flammis absumitur Martin de Bellaie seigneur Langeie in his memoâ—res Monsieur de Biez forraâ—eth the English pale about Calis Martin de Bellaie â— parlement â— sâ—bsidie 〈◊〉 The kings thanks to his commons The kings promises for the well disposing of chantries and colleges Charitie and concord in common-wealths be things most necessarie but in matters of religion charitie and concord is not enough without veritie and true worship of God The Reingraue The English men put to flight The barke Ager an English ship recouered The Stues suppressed Ab. Fl. ex I.S. William Foxleie slept more than fouretéene daies and as manie nights without waking Anno Reg. 38. Hamble Thew 〈◊〉 by the Englishmen â— French 〈◊〉 taken â— mutinie in 〈◊〉 English 〈◊〉 A great skirmish A peace concluded and proclamed I. Stow pag. 1033. Iohn Fox in Acts Monuments D. Crome râ—â—canteth at Paules crosse Abr. Fle. 〈◊〉 manuscripâ—oaâ— Henr. Tenant tradito line 60 Henrie Tenant A combat betwéene Iulian Romerou and Morow The death of sir Henrie Kneuet The lord 〈…〉 went into France to 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 kings 〈◊〉 An ambassage 〈◊〉 of France The kings â—â—ips that laie the riuer betwixt Graâ—â—send Detâ—â—â—d shot off â—â—stilie likewise the French gallâ—â—s â—alsed them againe The French admerall receiued by 〈◊〉 Edward The admerall of France receiueth an oth His gifts that he had of the king others The lord Greie of Wilton Sir Thomas Palmer King Henries message to the lord Greie by sir Thomas Palmer Chattilons garden ouerthrowen and rased downe The lord Greies seruice verie honorablie accepted of the king The duke of Norffolke coÌ„â—mitted to the tower 154â— The earle of Surrie beheaded I. S. pag. 1034 king Henrie his gift to the citie of London The duke atteinted The king maâ—keth his testament His executâ—â—â— The decease of King Henrie the eight Henricus octaâ—â— post 38. 〈…〉 The description of King Henrie the eight Ad Henricum octaâ—um regem Angliae maxiâ—â—â— studiosorum â—â—â—torem Comparatio in gloriam Henricâ— octaui regis poâ—entissimi â— Edward proclamed The earle of Hertford choâ—â—â— protector Lord protecâ—â—â— made duke 〈◊〉 Summerset The king râ—deth through London to Westminster Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1036. Pauls stéeple laie at anchor K. Edward crowned The lord chancellor discharged of his roome Hâ—milies The communion in both kinds I. S pag. 1036. D. Smith recanted Rich. Crafton Chiefteines in the armie The chieâ—teins that commanded in the nauie by sea were these The lord protector causeth Aimouth riuer to be sounded Sir Rafe Sadler treasuror of the English armie A proclamation The order of the armie in marching forward The Peaths â—n English herald sent from the lord protector to sâ—mmon a castell The castell of Dunglas ouerthrowne Thornton Anderwike Thom Trotter The lord of Hambleton The pile of Anderwike woone Sir Miles Partrige Thornton yéelded The piles of Thornton and others defaced Tantallon Linton bridge Hailes castell A subtile practise of the Scots The manlie courage of the earle of Warwike Dandie Car. Henrie Uane Barteuill hurt Richard Maxwell taken Lang Nuddreie Order taken for the placing of the ships The Scotish prickers shew themselues Salt Preston The Scots â—â—ssemen discomfited and put to flight Scots slaine Prisoners taken Englishmen 〈◊〉 The lord Hume hurt with a fall in the chase A Scotish herald deliuereth a message to the duke of Summerset The lord protectors answer The earle of Warwikes request and message to the earle of Huntleie The order of war touching heralds violated The vaine doubt of the Scots Ordinance plaÌ„ted against the enimie Saturday the tenth of September the daie of the battell The Englishmen Scots march the one armie toward the other The gallie The Irish archers Consultation of the English lords on horssebacke The deuise of the lords vpon their consultation The lord Greies request to the lord protector The Scots at a staie vpoÌ„ the sudden The order of the Scots in warres both touching their furniture and disposition The incounter is verie hot betwéene both sides The face of the field at the
consequent that rebels are seuerelie to be punished and that such punishment is good and necessarie Against 〈…〉 forâ—â—aring and 〈◊〉 a withall 〈◊〉 Rebels punishable with manie deaths Idlenesse and meat of other mens charge The force of pestilence following famine The plague pestilence occasioned by rebellion Rebels enimies murtherers of their countrie Further mischiefes of vncharitablenes issuing from rebellion The fruits of honest mens trauels long in gathering quickelie spoiled by rebellion An argument from equitie vpright dealing euen with the vniust Multitudes of vagabonds and roges procured by rebellions To what shifts soldiers fall after discamping and ceassing from warres Against loitering lubbers that can not awaie with labour A loiterer described The sight of manie flies in a yeare a naturall prognostication of a plague like to follow Disorder in euerie degrée caused by rebellion Magistrats disobeied and neglect of dutie in generall by rebellion Obseruing of order in euerie state supporteth a commonwealth contrariwise the hurt of disorder 〈◊〉 â—rgument 〈◊〉 â—rom 〈◊〉 A tâ—pâ—ie turâ—â— of all â—â—ings by rebâ—lâ—â—on The necessitie of order and â—â—erefore S. Paule said 〈◊〉 Let all things be 〈◊〉 in order Râ—bâ—ls are 〈◊〉 theâ—◠〈◊〉 profit Equalitie of â—â—â—tice â—ebels hâ—rt themselues The benefit of rebellion in one respect Reformation intended by rebels like sores cured by ill surgions Gréefes insuing to the rebels vpon this rebellion Reformation ought to be no priuat mans but the princes action What things in a well and iustlie doone matter ought well to be weighed The yoke that rebels wilfullie bring vpon themselues Desperat remedies for desperat diseases Rebels worthie to suffer extremitie of punishment The greatest shame that can come to a common-wealth Gentlemen more trustie bicause the commons be vntâ—ustie Martiall laâ— a burden vnsufferable Crueltie and extremitie shewed to the gentlemen by the rebels The kings best kind of gouernment The fruits of dissention The rebels had cause to beare with the gentlemen and to haue lâ—ued them All the parts of a common-wealth bâ— not of like worthinesse 〈◊〉 gentlemen more worâ—hie than yeomen c. 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 flowâ—â—g from this 〈◊〉 Outward mischances insuing vpon rebellions to the shame of the land and 〈◊〉 wherin they be raised King contemned Rulers little esteemed Subiects disordered The whole â—â—untrie ill spoken of Nothing 〈◊〉 by disorder â—â—ancâ—able Further outward hurt besides voice ingendereâ— of rebellions He meaneth the Scots French with whome we haue had alwaies incomberance Note in a few words of force the dangerous qualitie of rebellion A reason drawne from the lesse to the greater Rebellion maketh passage to forren inuasion â—eaâ—eneth our owne region Rebellion aâ—â—â—teth the papists each one beside that is offended at true religion Religion beareth the blame and is counted the cause of rebellion but amisse The diuels sophistrie Examples The Iewes ascribe their miserie to a false cause The heathens fond opinion of gods fauouring their crueltie against christians The 〈◊〉 by 〈◊〉 haue an 〈◊〉 opâ—nion of Gods 〈◊〉 truth The hurts issuing from rebellion out of count Concord and discord with their 〈◊〉 effects The mischiefs springing froÌ„ sedition Forren waâ— farre better than sedition at home The praise and benefits of peace The rebels 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 meanes 〈…〉 The state of a 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 in time of 〈◊〉 and tumult Reasons to withdraw the rebels from their enterprises of rebellion and to 〈◊〉 them to 〈◊〉 A conclusion pâ—â—emptorie against irreâ—uâ—able rebels 〈◊〉 â—l ex 〈…〉 Ad libellion vt Ioanni Checo Granâ—ano placeâ—e studeaâ— The French king purposed to surprise Gernesâ—ie and Ierseie but is repelled Iohn Fox The French king is ashamed that anie report should passe of his euill successe The French king perseuereth in his former purpose and martiall action Charles Sturton and George Willoughbie Les chroniques de Aquitaine The fort called Almaine campe wooâ—e The lord Greie The castell of Hambleteuue lost Hambleteuue summoned Hambleteuue rendered to the French king The French writers report of their owne countriemens crueltie and sauagenesse The number that came foorth of Hambleteune Causes that compelled the French king to breake vp his campe The kings generall pardon Abr. Fl. ex 〈◊〉 â—â—rrundam câ—â—â—ctanâ—is 〈◊〉 1043. The councell withdraw themselues 〈◊〉 priuat conferences about the lord protectors displacing The protector remooueth in hast with the king to Windsore line 60 Iohn Fox in the Acts and Monuments A letter of the lord protectors to the lord priuie 〈◊〉 The effect of the lord Russels letter answering the lord protector The contents of the second answer of the lord Russell to the lord protector The good lord Russell a solicitor for peace betwéene the lord protector and the lords The lords of the councell assembled against the lord protector The protectors letter to the lords No word hitherto sent from the lords to the lord protector what they required of him to doo The lords continue in their intended purpose against the lord protector A proclamation published against the lord protector Witnesses to the contents of the said proclamation 〈◊〉 kings 〈◊〉 read to 〈◊〉 â—â—â—izens The 〈…〉 enimie 〈◊〉 the lord 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Stadâ—â—â— citizen of Lâ—â—don 〈◊〉 answer 〈◊〉 recorder 〈◊〉 London 〈…〉 and 〈◊〉 â—hat it is to 〈◊〉 into the 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 pleasure 〈◊〉 the prince The aduise 〈◊〉 George â—radlow Sir Philip 〈◊〉 sent to 〈◊〉 king by 〈◊〉 lords The lord protector committed to prison Abr. Fl. ex I. Stow. 1044. The lord protectour committed to the tower Abr. Fl. ex I â— 1044 1045. K. Edward rode through London Charitable déeds of sir Rowland Hill Fréeschole at Draiton in Shropshire 〈◊〉 gift to 〈…〉 â— parlement 〈◊〉 act for vnlawfull assemâ—â—â—s Aâ—r. Fl. ex I. Stow. 1045. States created Peter Gambo â—nd another capteine murthered Gauaro and 〈◊〉 hanged 1550 Anno Reg. 4. Sir Iohn Lutterell prisoner Erle of Warwike in highest authoritie Morguison the midwaie betwéene Bullen and Calis It is agréed among the lords to infâ—st and annoie the French Commissioners sent to treat of peace A peace concluded with France vpon certeine conditions Bullongne giuen vp to the French He entereth Abr. Fl. ex I. S pag. 1046. Nâ—w officers created of the nobilitie The liberties of Southworke purchased The duke of Summerset deliuered out of the tower A marriage to compose strife and establish amitie Rich. Grafton Rebellion in Kent executed Priests children legitimate Usurie forbidden Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1047 1048 Alderman of Southworke Terme adiourned S. Barnabâ—â—â— kept hâ—lâ—e High altar Paules pulled downe No watch 〈◊〉 Midsummer Earle of Southampton deceasâ—eâ— Charitable deeds of Andrew Iude. Fréeschoole 〈◊〉 Tunbridge Almes houses 1551 Anno Reg. 5. Arden murthered Arden dâ—scribed Loue and lust A paire of siluer dice worke much mischiefe Arden wiâ—keth at his wiues lâ—wâ—nesse 〈◊〉 Ardens wife aâ—tempteth 〈◊〉 to make awaie hiâ— husband Ardens is poisoned by his wife but recouereth She deuiseth another waie â—o dispatch hir â—usband Arden A notorious murthering
some way requite the venturous courage and hartie zeale of the gentleman who with the losse of his owne life preserued the king if not from death yet from some dangerous wound that might haue put him to extreame anguish and paine This may incite men to be mindfull of benefits receiued a vertue no lesse rare than the contrarie is common and as one saith inueniuntur Quidam sed rari acceptorum qui meritorum Assiduè memores c. But to conclude with this iourneie which king Henrie made at this time against the Welshmen although by reason of the cumbersome difficulties of the places he could not enter within the countrie so farre as he wished yet he so impounded and constreined them to kéepe within the woods and mountains that they durst not come abroad insomuch that at the length they were glad to sue for peace William king of Scots successor of Malcolme who departed this life in the yeare last past after he had receiued the crowne of Scotland came about this present time into England and finding king Henrie at London did his homage to him as his predecessour Malcolme had doone before He made suit also to haue Northumberland restored vnto him which the king of Englands mother the empresse had in times past giuen vnto king Dauid But king Henrie gaue diuerse reasons to excuse himselfe whie he might not deliuer that countrie to him at that present namelie without consent of a parlement where vpon king William perceiuing how the maâ—ter went gaue ouer his suit for that present meaning line 10 when occasion serued to attempt the getting thereof by force sith that by praier and suit he sawe well inough he should not obteine it Moreouer the Scottish king being required by king Henrie to go ouer with him into Normandie granted so to doo insomuch that king Henrie hauing set all things in order within his realme of England in the Lent following passed ouer into Normandie But before he tooke his iourneie he set foorth a decree consisting of these points in effect as followeth line 20 1 That no man should bring any letters or commandement from pope Alexander or Thomas archbishop of Canturburie into England conteining an interdiction of the realme vpon perill to be apprehended and punished as a traitour to the king and an enimie to the realme 2 That no religious person or préest should be permitted to passe the seas or to come into the relme of England except he had letters of safe conduct line 30 from the iusticers for passage ouer and of the king for his returne from thence 3 That no man should appeale to the said pope or archbishop nor by their appointment hold any plée and if any person were found dooing the contrarie herevnto he should be taken and committed to prison 4 That if any maner of person either spirituall or temporall were obedient to the sentence of the interdiction the same person should be banished the line 40 realme without delaie and all his linage with him so as they should not conueie with them any of their goods the which togither with their possessions should be seized into the kings hands 5 That all spirituall persons which had any benefices within England should haue warning giuen to returne into England within foure moneths after the same summons pronounced and that if they failed hereof then should the king seize vpon their goods and possessions line 50 6 That the bishops of London and Norwich should be and by vertue hereof were summoned to appeare before the kings iusticers to make answer for that they had interdicted the lands of erle Hugh and excommunicated him 7 That the Peter pence should be gathered and kept In the octaues of Easter king Henrie came to an enterview with the French king at Gisors where they had conference togither of sundrie matters line 60 This yeare the quéene was deliuered of a sonne named Iohn who afterward was king of this realme Moreouer king Henrie calling a councell of his bishops and barons in Normandie caused and ordeined a collection by their aduise to be made through all his countries and dominions of two pence in the pound of euerie mans lands and goods iewels and apparell onelie excepted to be paid this yeare 1166. and for the space of foure yeares next ensuing one penie of euerie pound to be paid yearelie and those that were not worth twentie shillings in goods or lands being housholders notwithstanding or bare any office should paie a penie to this contribution which was onelie granted for the releefe of the christians in the east parts and those that warred against the miscreants there The paiment thereof was appointed to be made in the feast daie of saint Remigius or within fiftéene daies after It was also ordeined that all such as departed this life within the terme that this collection was in force their debts being paid should giue the tenth part of the residue of all their goods vnto this so necessarie a contribution King Henrie remaining now in Normandie and vnderstanding that diuerse lords and barons of Maine and the marshes of Britaine would not in his absence shew themselues obedient vnto his wife quéene Elianor but were about to practise a rebellion raised an armie and went against them easilie subduing them whom he found obstinate and besieging the castell of Foulgiers tooke and vtterlie destroied it Soone after the archbishop of Canturburie came from Pountney to Uizeley and there on Ascension daie when the church was most full of people got him into the pulpit and with booke bell and candell solemnelie accurssed all the obseruers defenders and mainteiners with the promoters of such customs as within the realme of England they terme the custome of their elders amongst others that were accursed was Richard de Lucie Richard the archdeacon of Poictiers Iocelin de Bailleuille Alane de Neuille and manie other But they being absent neither called nor conuinced as they alleged notwithstanding they were thus excommunicated sent their messengers vnto the archbishop and appealed from him and so feared not to enter into their churches He had before this also written certeine letters vnto his suffragans denouncing some of these and other persons by expresse name accursed not onelie for mainteining the matter against him touching the ancient custome of the realme but also for the schisme raised in Almaine by Reignald archbishop of Colein for the which he accursed one Iohn of Oxford Moreouer he accursed Ranulfe de Broc Hugh de S. Clete Thomas Fitz Bernard for violentlie seizing vpon and deteining the goods and possessions belonging to his archbishoprike without his consent or agréement therevnto The king on the other part banished out of England and all parts of his other dominions all those persons that were knowen to be of kin vnto the archbishop both yoong and old and furthermore sent aduertisement to the abbat of Pountney and to his moonks with
the place as was to be seene many yeares after ¶ Touching these celestiall apparitions the common doctrine of philosophie is that they be méere naturall and therefore of no great admiration For of eclipses as well such as are proper to the sunne as also those that are peculiar to the moone the position is not so generallie deliuered as it is constantlie beléeued For the philosophers giue this reason of eclipses line 10 radios Phoebi luna interiecta repellit Nec sinit in terras claram descendere lucem Quippe aliud non est quà m terrae atque aequoris vmbra Quae si fortè ferit nocturnae corpora lunae Eclipsin facit In somuch as obseruing them to be ordinarie accidents they are ouerpassed and nothing regarded Howbeit Lucane maketh a great matter of eclipses and of other strange sights precéeding the bloudie battels betweene Pompeie and Cesar intimating thereby that prodigious woonders and other line 20 rare and vnaccustomed accidents are significations of some notable euent insuing either to some great personage to the common-wealth or to the state of the church And therefore it is a matter woorth the marking to compare effects following with signes and woonders before going since they haue a doctrine in them of no small importance For not manie yeares after the kings glorie was darkened on earth nay his pompe and roiall state tooke end a prediction line 30 whereof might be imported by the extraordinarie eclipse of the sunne a beautifull creature and the ornament of the skie Laurence archbishop of Dublin and Catholicus the archbishop of Tuamon with fiue or six other Irish bishops and diuerse both bishops and abbats of Scotland passed through England towards the generall councell and withall tooke their oth that they shuld not procure any damage to the king or realme of England There went but onelie foure bishops line 40 out of England to wit Hugh Putsey or Pudsey bishop of Durham Iohn bishop of Norwich Reignold bishop of Bath and Robert bishop of Hereford beside abbats for the English bishops firmelie stood in it that there ought but foure bish onlie to go foorth of England to any generall councell called by the pope This yeare Richard de Lucie lord chéefe iustice of England gaue ouer his office and became a canon in the abbeie of Westwood or Lesnos which he had founded and built vpon his owne ground endowing line 50 it with great reuenewes and in Iulie after he died there King Henrie the father called a parlement at Windsore at the which was present king Henrie the sonne and a great number of lords earles and barons At this parlement order was taken for partition of the realme so that it was diuided into foure parts certeine sage personages being allotted vnto euerie part to gouerne the same but not by the name of iustices albeit that Ranulfe de Glanuille was line 60 made ruler of Yorkeshire authorised iustice there as he that best vnderstood in those daies the ancient lawes and customes of the realme The same yeare Geffrey earle of Britaine by his fathers commandement leuied an armie and passing ouer into Britaine wasted the lands of Guidomer de Leons and constreined him to submit himselfe vnto him The 18. day of August the moone was eclipsed which was séene of king Henrie and his companie as he rode all that night towards Douer there to méet the French king who was comming towards England to visit the toome of archbishop Thomas Becket as he had before time vowed He landed at Douer the 22. day of August There came ouer with him Henrie duke of Louaine Philip earle of Flanders Baldwin earle of Guines earle William de Mandeuille and diuerse other earles lords barons and knights whome king Henrie was readie to receiue at the water side and the morow after brought them with great honor to Canturburie where they were with due reuerence and vnspeakeable ioy receiued of archbishop Richard and diuerse other bishops there assembled togither with the couent of Christes-church and an infinit multitude of Nobles and gentlemen The French king offered vpon the toome of the said archbishop Thomas a rich cup of gold and gaue to the moonks there an hundred tuns of wine to be receiued yearelie of his gift for euer at Poissie in France Further he granted to the same moonks that whatsoeuer was bought in his dominions of France to their vse should be free from toll tallage and paieng any maner of excise for the same These grants he confirmed with his charter thereof made deliuered to them by the hands of Hugh Putsey son to the bishop of Duresme that was his chancellor King Lewes hauing performed his vow and receiued manie rich gifts of king Henrie returned home into France and shortlie after causing his sonne to be crowned king resigned the gouernment to him as by some writers appeareth About the same time Cadwallon prince of Wales being brought before the king to make his answer to diuerse accusations exhibited against him as he returned toward his countrie vnder the kings safe conduct was laid for by his enimies and slaine to the kings great slander though he were not giltie in the matter After this king Henrie the father held his Christmasse at Notingham and William king of Scotland with him The same yeare fell discord betwixt the yoong king of France and his mother and vncles hir brethren earle Theobald and earle Stephan who thinking themselues not well vsed procured king Henrie the sonne to ioine with them in fréendship and to go ouer into England to purchase his fathers assistance in their behalfe against their nephue Who being come ouer to his father informed him of the whole mater and did so much by his earnest suit therin that before the feast of Easter his father went ouer with him into Normandie and immediatlie vpon their arriuall in those parts the old French queene mother to the yoong king Philip with their brethren the said earles and manie other Noble men of France came vnto him and concluding a league with him deliuered hostages into his hands and receiued an oth to follow his counsell and aduice in all things Herevpon king Henrie assembled a great armie in purpose after Easter to inuade the French kings dominions but before any great exploit was made he came to an enteruew with the new king of France betwixt Gisors and Treodsunt where partlie by gentle words and partlie by threatnings which king Henrie vsed for persuasion the French king released all his indignation conceiued against his mother and vncles and receiued them againe into his fauour couenanting to allow his mother for euerie day towards hir expenses seuen pounds of Paris monie during his father king Lewes his life time and after his death she should inioy all hir dower except the casâ—els which king Philip might reteine still in his hands Also at this assemblie king Henrie the
The king hearkening vnto his words and pondering his talke by good aduisement fréelie pardoned him and withall commanded that he should be set at libertie and thereto haue an hundred shillings giuen him in his pursse and so to be let go Moreouer he gaue strait charge that no man should hurt him or séeke any reuenge for this line 40 his death hereafter Thus the penitent prince not onelie forgaue but also rewarded his aduersarie Howbeit after his deceasse Marchades getting him into his hands first caused the skin to be stripped of his bodie and after hanged him on a gibet At length king Richard by force of sicknesse increased with anguish of his incurable wound departed this life on the tuesdaie before Palmesundaie being the ninth of Aprill and the xj day after he was hurt in the yeare after the birth of our Sauior 1199. line 50 in the 44 yeare of his age and after he had reigned nine yeares nine moneths and od daies he left no issue behind him He was tall of stature and well proportioned faire and comelie of face so as in his countenance appeared much fauour and grauitie of haire bright aborne as it were betwixt red and yellow with long armes and nimble in all his ioints his thighes and legs were of due proportion and answerable to the other parts of his bodie As he was comelie of personage so was he of stomach line 60 more couragious and fierce so that not without cause he obteined the surname of Cueur de lion that is to saie The lions hart Moreouer he was courteous to his souldiors and towards his fréends and strangers that resorted vnto him verie liberall but to his enimies hard and not to be intreated desirous of battell an enimie to rest and quietnesse verie eloquent of speech and wise but readie to enter into ieopardies and that without feare or forecast in time of greatest perils These were his vertuous qualities but his vices if his vertues his age and the wars which he mainteined were throughlie weied were either none at all or else few in number and not verie notorious He was noted of the common people to be partlie subiect vnto pride which surelie for the most part foloweth stoutnesse of mind of incontinencie to the which his youth might happilie be somewhat bent and of couetousnesse into the which infamie most capiteins and such princes as commonlie follow the warres doo oftentimes fall when of necessitie they are driuen to exact monie as well of fréends as enimies to mainteine the infinit charges of their wars Hereof it came that on a time whiles he soiourned in France about his warres which he held against K. Philip there came vnto him a French préest whose name was Fulco who required the K. in any wise to put from him thrée abhominable daughters which he had and to bestow them in marriage least God punished him for them Thou liest hypocrite said the king to thy verie face for all the world knoweth that I haue not one daughter I lie not said the préest for thou hast three daughters one of them is called pride the second couetousnesse and the third lecherie With that the king called to him his lords barons and said to them This hypocrite heere hath required me to marrie awaie my three daughters which as he saith I cherish nourish foster and mainteine that is to say pride couetousnesse and lecherie And now that I haue found out necessarie fit husbands for them I will doo it with effect and seeke no more delaies I therefore bequeath my pride to the high minded templers and hospitallers which are as proud as Lucifer himselfe My couetousnesse I giue vnto the white moonks otherwise called of the Cisteaux order for they couet the diuell and all My lecherie I commit to the prelats of the church who haue most pleasure and felicitie therein There liued in the daies of this king Richard men of worthie fame amongst those of the cleargie Baldwine archbishop of Canturburie and Hubert who succeeded him in that sée also Hugh bishop of Lincolne a man for his worthinesse of life highlie to be commended Moreouer William bishop of Elie who though otherwise he was to be dispraised for his ambition and pompous hautinesse yet the king vsed his seruice for a time greatlie to his profit and aduancement of the publike affaires Also of learned men we find diuerse in these daies that flourished here in this land as Baldwine of Deuonshire that came to be bishop of Worcester in this kings time and after his deceasse he was aduanced to the gouernment of the archbishops sée of Canturburie he wrote diuerse treatises namelie of matters perteining to diuinitie Daniell Morley well seene in the Mathematicals Iohn de Hexam and Richard de Hexham two notable historicians Guilielmus Stephanides a moonke of Canturburie who wrote much in the praise of archbishop Becket Beside these we find one Richard that was an abbat of the order Premonstratensis Richard Diuisiensis Nicholas Walkington Robert de Bello Foco an excellent philosopher c. ¶ See Bale in his third Centurie In martiall renowme there florished in this kings daies diuerse noble capteins as Robert earle of Leicester Ranulfe de Fulgiers two of the Bardulphes Hugh and Henrie thrée Williams Marshall Brunell and Mandeuill with two Roberts Ros and Sabeuile Furthermore I find that in the daies of this king Richard a great derth reigned in England and also in France for the space of three or foure yeares during the wars betwéene him king Philip so that after his returne out of Germanie and from imprisonment a quarter of wheat was sold at 18 shillings eight pence no small price in those daies if you consider the alay of monie then currant Also immediatlie after that is to say in the yeare of our Lord a thousand one hundred nintie six which was about the seuenth yere of the said kings reigne there followed a maruellous sore death which dailie consumed such numbers of people that scarse there might be found any to kéepe and looke to those that were sicke or to burie them that died Which sickenesse was a pestilentiall feuer or sharpe burning ague The accustomed manner of buriall was also neglected so that in manie places they made great pits and threw their dead bodies into the same one vpon an other For the multitude of them that died line 10 was such that they could not haue time to make for euerie one a seuerall graue This mortalitie continued for the space of fiue or six months and at length ceassed in the cold season of winter In the octaues of Pentecost before this great death in the first houre of the day there appeared two sunnes the true sunne another as it were a counterfeit sunne but so apparentlie that hard it was to the common people to discerne the one from the other The skilfull also were compelled by instruments to
to the whole estate of the spiritualtie which he would not suffer in any wise to be suppressed Wherefore he decréed with speed to deuise remedie against that large increasing mischéefe And though there was no speedier waie to redresse the same but by excommunication yet he would not vse it at the first towards so mightie a prince but gaue him libertie and time to consider his offense and trespasse so committed ¶ These things being brought to this issue the further narration of them shall staie for a time till I haue told you of a little trouble which about this time happened in London For vpon the seauenth of Iune the bailiffes of London Roger Winchester and Edmund Hardell were discharged and Serle the mercer and Hugh of saint Albons chosen in their roomes The two former bailiffes were discharged and committed to prison by the kings commandement vpon displeasure taken against them bicause they had resisted his purueier of wheat and woâ—lâ— not suffer him to conueie anie of that kind of graine out of the citie till the citie was stored The thirtie fiue rulers of the citie hauing fulfilled the kings commandement to them directed for the discharging of those bailiffes and imprisoning them did after take aduice togither and appointed a certeine number of themselues with other to ride vnto the king as then being at Langley to obteine pardon for the said bailiffes and so comming thither they made such excuse in the matter shewing further that at the same season there was such scarsitie of wheat in the citie that the common people were at point to haue made an insurrection about the same By which means and through freendship which they had in the court the king was so satisfied that he released them from prison and pardoned their offenses Also vpon the first of October Henrie the sonne of king Iohn begotten of his wife quéene Isabell was borne at Winchester who after succeeded his father in the kingdome But now againe to our purpose year 1208 The pope perceiuing that king Iohn continued still in his former mind which he called obstinacie sent ouer his bulles into England directed to William bishop of London to Eustace bishop of Elie and to Mauger bishop of Worcester commanding them that vnlesse king Iohn would suffer peaceablie the archbishop of Canturburie to occupie his see and his moonks their abbie they should put both him and his land vnder the sentence of interdiction denouncing him and his land plainelie accurssed And further he wrote expresse letters vnto all the suffragans of the church of Canturburie that they should by vertue of their obedience which they owght to the â—postolike sée receiue and obeie the archbishop Stephan for their father and metropolitane These bishops with other to them associate made instant request and suit to the king for the obseruing of the popes commandement and to eschew the censures line 10 of the church but that was in vaine for the king in a great rage sware that if either they or any other presumed to put his land vnder interdiction he would incontinentlie therevpon send all the prelats within the realme out of the same vnto the pope and seize all their goodâ— vnto his owne vse And further he added that what Romans soeuer he found within the precinct of any his dominions he would put out their eies and slit their noses and so send them packing to Rome that by such marks they might be line 20 knowne from all other nations of the world And herewith he commanded the bishops to packe out of his sight if they loued their owne health and preseruation Herevpon the said bishops departed and according to the popes commission to them sent vpon the euen of the Annuntiation of our Ladie denounced both the king and the realme of England accursed and furthermore caused the doores of churches to be closed vp and all other places where diuine seruice line 30 was accustomed to be vsed first at London and after in all other places where they came Then perceiuing that the K. ment not to stoope for all this which they had doone but rather sought to be reuenged vpon them they fled the realme and got them ouer vnto Stephan the archbishop of Canturburie to wit William bishop of London Eustace bishop of Elie Malger bishop of Worcester Ioceline bishop of Bath and Giles bishop of Hereford The king taking this matter in verie great displeasure seized vpon all their temporalties and conuerted line 40 the same to his vse and persecuted such other of the prelacie as he knew to fauour their dooings banishing them the realme and seizing their goods also into his hands Howbeit the most part of the prelats wiselie prouided for themselues in this point so that they would not depart out of their houses except they were compelled by force which when the kings officers perceiued they suffered them to remaine still in their abbies and other habitations bicause they line 50 had no commission to vse any violence in expelling them But their goods they did confiscat to the kings vse allowing them onelie meat and drinke and that verie barelie in respect of their former allowance ¶ It was a miserable time now for preests and churchmen which were spoiled on euerie hand without finding remedie against those that offered them wrong It is reported that in the borders of Wales the officers of a shiriffe brought before the king a fellow which had robbed and slaine a préest desiring to line 60 vnderstand his pleasure what should be doone with that offender vnto whome the king made this answer He hath slaine mine enimie and therefore set him at libertie The king also doubting least the pope should proceed further and absolue all his subiects of their allegiance which they owght to him and that his lords would happilie reuolt and forsake him in this his trouble tooke hostages of them whom he most suspected And as the messengers which were sent abroad for that purpose came vnto the lord William de Breuse requiring to haue his sonnes for the said purpose his wife like a quicke and hastie dame taking the word out of hir husbands mouth made this round answer that she would nâ—t â—â—liuer hir sonnes vnto King Iohn who alreadie ha◠〈◊〉 his 〈…〉 Arâ—â—ur 〈◊〉 he ought râ—â—her honourablie to haue loued and â—â—â—serued These words being signified vnto the 〈…〉 at against hir husband 〈…〉 â—hat â—he 〈◊〉 was glad togither with his â—ife and 〈…〉 of the realme into Ireland for safegard of their liues Whereas before this 〈◊〉 London bridge was made of timber and was ruled guided repaiâ—eâ— by a fraternitie or colledge of priests this yéere by great aid of the citizens of London and others 〈◊〉 that waie the same bridge was begâ—n to be 〈◊〉 of â—one And in the same yeare 〈◊〉 Marie Ouerâ—es in Southwarke was begun to be repaired The same yeare also the citizens
partlie with gentlenesse and partlie with menaces But the Englishmen came vpon them in the night and tooke them both so that being brought before the iustices they were condemned and therevpon hanged drawen and quartered ¶ Some write that Duncan Magdoili a man of great power in Galloway tooke these two brethren prisoners togither with Reginald Crawford being the principlas on the ninth daie of Februarie as they with certeine other capteins line 30 and men of war came by sea and landed in his countrie vpon whome being seuen hundred men he with three hundred or few aboue that number boldlie gaue the onset and not onelie tooke the said thrée persons prisoners sore wounded as they were with diuerse other but also slue Malcolme Makaile a lord of Kentice and two Irish lords whose heads and the foresaid prisoners he presented vnto king Edward who caused Thomas Bruce to be hanged drawen and quartered but the other two were onelie hanged and line 40 quartered at Carleill where their heads were set vp aloft on the castell and gates of the citie After Easter their brother Robert Bruce calling himselfe king of Scotland and hauing now augmented his armie with manie souldiers of the out-Iles fought with the earle of Penbroke and put him to flight and slue some of his men though no◠manie Within a few daies after he chased also the earle of Glocester into the castell of Aire and besieged him within the same till an armie was sent from king line 50 Edward to the rescue for then the said Robert was constreined to flée and the Englishmen followed till he got into the woods and marishes where they might come néere him without manifest danger to cast themselues awaie ¶ The king of England minding to make a full conquest of the Scots and not to leaue off vntill he had wholie subdued them sent his commissions into England commanding all those that owght him seruice to be redie at Careleill within three wéekes after Midsummer He sent his sonne line 60 Edward into England that vpon knowledge had what the French king did touching the agreement he might accordinglie procéed in the marriage to be made with his daughter After the prince was departed from the campe his father king Edward was taken with sore sickenesse yet he remooued from Carleill where the same sicknesse first tooke him vnto Burrough vpon Sand and there the daie after being the seuenth daie of Iulie he ended his life after he had reigned 34 yeares six moneths and one and twentie daies He liued 68 yeares and twentie daies His bodie was conueied to London and in the church of Westminster lieth buried He had issue by his first wife queene Elianor foure sons Iohn Henrie Alfonse Edward which succeeded him the other died long before their father Also fiue daughters Elianor Ione Margaret and Elizabeth were bestowed in marriage as before in this booke is expressed the fift named Marie became a nunne By his second wife quéene Margaret he had two sonnes Thomas of Brotherton and Edmund of Woodstoke with one daughter named Margaret after hir mother He was tall of stature some what blacke of colour strong of bodie and leane auoiding grosenesse with continuall exercise of comelie fauour and iettie eies the which when he waxed angrie would suddenlie become reddish and seeme as though they sparkled with fire The haire of his head was blacke and curled he continued for the most part in good health of bodie and was of a stout stomach which neuer failed him in time of aduersitie Moreouer he had an excellent good wit for to whatsoeuer he applied his studie he easilie atteined to the vnderstanding thereof wise he was and vertuous an earnest enimie of the high and presumptuous insolencie of préests the which he iudged to procéed chéeflie of too much wealth and riches and therefore he deuised to establish the statute of Mortmaine to be a bridle to their inordinate lusts and riotous excesse He built the abbeie of the vale roiall in Cheshire he was a constant fréend but if he once tooke displeasure or hatred against any person he would not easilie receiue him into fauour againe whilest he had any vacant time from weightie affaires he spent lightlie the same in hunting Towards the maintenance of his warres and other charges besides the subsidies which he leuied of his people and other reuenues comming to his coffers he had great helpe by reason of the siluer mines which in his daies were found in Deuonshire and occupied greatlie to his profit as in the records remaining in the excheker concerning the accompts and allowances about the same it dooth and may appeare For in the accompts of master William de Wimondham it is recorded that betwixt the twelfth daie of August and the last of October in the 22 yeare of this king Edwards reigne there was tried and fined out at Martinestowe in Deuonshire by times so much of fined siluer as amounted to the summe of 370 pounds weight which being brought to London was there refined by certeine finers that plate might be forged thereof for the ladie Elianor duches of Bar and daughter to the said king married in the yeare then last past to the duke of Bar as before ye haue heard In the 23 yeare of his reigne there was fined at the place aforsaid 521 pounds ten shillings weight of siluer by times which was also brought to London In the 24 yeare of his reigne there were taken vp 337 miners within the wapentake of the Peake in Darbishire and brought into Deuonshire to worke there in those siluer mines as appeareth by the allowance demanded by the said master William de Wimondham in his roll of accounts deliuered that yeare into the excheker and there was brought from thence to London the same yeare of siluer fined and cast in wedges 700 foure pounds thrée shillings one penie weight In the 25 yeare of his reigne there were three hundred and fourtie eight miners brought againe out of the Peake into Deuonshine and out of Wales there were brought also 25 miners which all were occupied about those siluer mines beside others of the selfe countrie of Deuonshire and other places Also Wil. de Aulton clearke kéeper of the kings mines in Deuonshire and Cornewall was accomptant of the issues and profits of the kings mines there from the fourth of March Anno 26 of his reigne till the eightéenth of Aprill Anno 27 and yéelded vp his account both of the siluer and lead But now to conclude with this noble prince king Edward the first he was sure not onelie valiant but also politike labouring to bring this diuided Ile into one entier monarchie which he went verie neere to haue atchiued for whereas he was fullie bent to make a conquest of Scotland in like case as he had alreadie doone of Wales if he had liued any longer time to haue dispatched Robert le
this truce it seemeth that this was some second truce and not the first truce which included onelie the marches of Calis and those parts vp to the water of Some But howsoeuer it was the duke of Britaine being in a great forwardnesse to haue recouered his duchie out of the Frenchmens hands and to haue reduced his rebellious subiects vnder due obeisance againe was now by this truce concluded out of time greatlie disappointed and so brake vp his siege from before Campellie and sent home the English armie He went himselfe to Aulroie where his wife was and taking order for the fortifieng and keeping of those places which were in his possession he came backe againe into England and brought his wife with him A litle before the concluding of this truce the Englishmen and others within the fortresse of saint Sauiour le vicount in the I le or rather Close as they call it of Constantine which had beene long besieged made a composition that if they were not rescued by a certeine daie then should they yéeld vp the place to the Frenchmen Now bicause this truce line 10 was agréed before the daie appointed for the rescue of that place with condition that either part should inioy and hold that which at that present they had in possession during the terme of the truce the Englishmen thought that saint Sauiour le vicount should be saued by reason of that treatie but the Frenchmen to the contrarie auouched that the first couenant ought to passe the last ordinance So that when the daie approched the French king sent thither six thousand speares knights and esquiers beside other people line 20 and bicause none appeared to giue them battell they had the towne deliuered to them ¶ In this 49 yeare of K. Edwards reigne a great death chanced in this land and in diuerse other countries so that innumerable numbers of people died and perished of that contagious sickenesse Amongst other the lord Edward Spenser died the same yeare a man of great renowme and valiantnesse Also the earle of Penbroke hauing compounded for his ransome as he was vpon his returne from Spaine line 30 comming homewards through France he fell sicke and being brought in an horsselitter to Arras he died there on the 16 daie of Aprill leauing a sonne behind him not past two yeares of age begot of the countesse his wife called Anne daughter vnto the lord Walter de Mannie Polydor mistaking the matter saith that Marie the countesse of Penbroke who builded Penbroke hall in Cambridge was wife to this Iohn Hastings earle of Penbroke whereas in deed she was wife to his ancestor Aimer line 40 de Ualence earle of Penbroke as Iohn Stow in his summarie hath trulie noted She was daughter to Guy earle of saint Pole a worthie ladie and a vertuous tendering so much the wealthfull state of this land a great part wherof consisteth in the good bringing vp of youth and training them to the knowledge of learning that for maintenance of students she began the forsaid commendable foundation about the yeare of Christ 1343 vpon a plot of ground that was hir owne hauing purchased licence thereto of line 50 the king to whom she was of kin During that greeuous mortalitie and cruell pestilence before remembred the pope at the instant request of the English cardinals granted vnto all those that died in England being shriuen and repentant of their sinnes cleane remission of the same by two buls inclosed vnder lead The duke of Lancaster about the feast of All saints met with the French commissioners againe at Bruges There was with him the duke of Britaine the earle of Salisburie line 60 and the bishop of London For the French king there appeered the duke of Burgognie the earle of Salebruch and the bishop of Amiens And at saint Omers laie the duke of Aniou the archbishop of Rauenna and the bishop of Carpentras tooke great paine to go to and fro betwéene the parties but they were so far at ods in their demands and as it were of set purpose on the French behalfe that no good could be doone betwixt them The French king required to haue Calis raced and to haue againe fourtéene hundred thousand franks which were paid for the ransome of king Iohn The king of England demanded to haue all the lands restored to him in Gascoigne and Guien cléerelie exempt of all resorts So when nothing could be concluded touching a finall peace the truce was renewed to indure till the feast of S. Iohn Baptist next insuing which should be in the yeare 1376. In this fiftith yeare king Edward assembled his high court of parlement at Westminster in the which was demanded a subsidie of the commons for the defense of the kings dominions against his enimies Wherevnto answer was made by the common house that they might no longer beare such charges considering the manifold burthens by them susteined in time past And further they said it was well knowne the king was rich inough to withstand his enimies if his monie and treasure were well imploied but the land had béene of long time euill guided by euill officers so that the same could not be stored with chaffer merchandize or other riches The commons also declared whom they tooke and iudged to be chéefe causer of this disorder as the duke of Lancaster the L. Latimer lord chamberleine to the king also dame Alice Perers whom the king had long time kept to his concubine and also one named sir Richard Sturrie by whose sinister meanes and euill counsell the king was misled and the land euill gouerned Wherefore the commons by the mouth of their speaker sir Peers de la Mere required that those persons might be remooued from the king and other more discreet set in their roomes about his person and so put in authoritie that they might sée to his honour and weale of the realme more than the other had doone before them This request of the commons by support of the prince was allowed and granted so that the said persons and other of their affinitie were commanded to depart the court and other such as were thought méet by the prince and the sage péeres of the realme were placed in their stéeds ¶ Shortlie after the commons granted to the king his whole request so that he had of euerie person man and woman being aboue the age of fourtéene yeares foure pence poore people that liued of almesse onelie excepted ¶ Likewise the cleargie granted that of euerie beneficed man the king should haue twelue pence and of euerie priest not beneficed foure pence the foure orders of friers onelie excepted But yer this monie could be leuied the king was constreined to borrow certeine great summes in sundrie places and therefore he sent to the citie of London for foure thousand pounds And bicause Adam Staple the maior was not diligent in furthering that lone he was by the kings
Robert duke of Bauier and countée palantine of the Rhene had instituted about that season Richard Northall sonne to a maior of London as is said of that name he became a Carmelite frier in the same citie Thomas Edwardson prior of the friers Augustines at Clare in Suffolke Iohn Summer a Franciscane frier at Bridgewater an enimie to the Wickliuists Richard Withée a learned priest an earnest follower of Wickliffe Iohn Swafham a Carmelite frier of Lin a student in Cambridge who became bishop of Bangor a great aduersarie to the Wickliuists Finallie and to conclude William Egumond a frier heremit of the sect of the Augustins in Stamford Iohn Tissington a Franciscane frier a mainteiner of the popes doctrine William Rimston or Rimington a moonke of Salleie an enimie also to the Wickliuists Adam Eston well séene in the toongs was made a cardinall by pope Gregorie the eleauenth but by pope Urban the sixt he was committed to prison in Genoa and at the contemplation of king Richard he was taken out of prison but not fullie deliuered till the daies of Boniface the ninth who restored him to his former dignitie Iohn Beaufu a Carmelite of Northampton proceeded doctor of diuinitie in Oxenford and was made prior of his house Roger Twiford aliàs Goodlucke an Augustine frier Iohn Treuise a Cornishman borne and a secular préest and vicar of Berklie he translated the bible Bartholomew De proprietatibus rerum Polychronicon of Ranulph Higden and diuerse other treatises Rafe Spalding a Carmelite frier of Stamford Iohn moone an Englishman borne but a student in Paris who compiled in the French toong the Romant of the Rose translated into English by Geffrie Chaucer William Shirborne Richard Wichingham borne in Norffolke and diuerse other Thus farre Richard of Burdeaux whose depriuation you haue heard of his lamentable death hereafter to wit pag. 516 517. Henrie the fourth cousine germane to Richard the second latelie depriued WHen king Richard had resigned as before is specified line 40 the scepter and crowne Henrie Plantagenet borne at Bullingbroke in the countie of Lincolne duke of Lancaster and Hereford earle of Derbie Leicester and Lincolne sonne to Iohn of Gant duke of Lancaster with generall consent both of the lords commons was published proclamed and declared king of England and of France and lord of Ireland the last line 50 daie of September in the yeare of the world 5366 of our Lord 1399 of the reigne of the emperour Wenceslaus the two and twentith of Charles the sixt king of France the twentith and the tenth of Robert the third king of Scots After that king Richard had surrendered his title and dispossessed himselfe which Chr. Okl. noteth in few words saieng post breue tempus Exüit insigni sese diademate sceptrum Henrico Lancastrensi regale relinquens King Henrie made certeine new officers And first in right of his earledome of Leicester he gaue the office of high steward of England belonging to the same earledome vnto his second sonne the lord Thomas who by his fathers commandement exercised that office being assisted by reason of his tender age by Thomas Persie earle of Worcester The earle of Northumberland was made constable of England sir Iohn Scirlie lord chancellor Iohn Norburie esquier lord treasuror sir Richard Clifford lord priuie seale Forsomuch as by king Richards resignation and the admitting of a new king all plées in euerie court and place were ceased and without daie discontinued new writs were made for summoning of the parlement vnder the name of king Henrie the fourth the same to be holden as before was appointed on mondaie next insuing Upon the fourth day of October the lord Thomas second sonne to the king sat as lord high steward of England by the kings commandement in the White-hall of the line 10 kings palace at Westminster and as belonged to his office he caused inquirie to be made what offices were to be exercised by anie maner of persons the daie of the kings coronation and what fées were belonging to the same causing proclamation to be made that what noble man or other that could claime anie office that daie of the solemnizing the kings coronation they should come and put in their bils cōprehending their demands Whervpon diuers offices fees were claimed as well by bils as otherwise line 20 by spéech of mouth in forme as here insueth First the lord Henrie the kings eldest sonne to whome he as in right of his duchie of Lancaster had appointed that office claimed to beare before the king the principall sword called Curtana and had his sute granted Iohn erle of Summerset to whom the king as in right of his earledome of Lincolne had granted to be caruer the daie of his coronation and had it confirmed Henrie Persie earle of Northumberland and high constable of England by the line 30 kings grant claimed that office and obteined it to inioy at pleasure The same earle in right of the I le of Man which at that present was granted to him and to his heires by the king claimed to beare on the kings left side a naked sword with which the king was girded when before his coronation he entered as duke of Lancaster into the parts of Holdernesse which sword was called Lancasters sword Rafe erle of Westmerland and earle marshall of England by the kings grant claimed the same office and obteined line 40 it notwithstanding that the attornies of the duke of Norfolke presented to the lord steward their petition on the dukes behalfe as earle marshall to exercise the same Sir Thomas Erpingham knight exercised the office of lord great Chamberleine and gaue water to the king when he washed both before and after dinner hauing for his fées the bason ewer and towels with other things whatsoeuer belonging to his office notwithstanding Auberie de Ueer earle of Oxenford put in his petitions to haue that line 50 office as due vnto him from his ancestors Thomas Beauchampe earle of Warwike by right of inheritance bare the third sword before the king and by like right was pantler at the coronation Sir William Argentine knight by reason of the tenure of his manour of Wilmundale in the countie of Hertford serued the king of the first cup of drinke which he tasted of at his dinner the daie of his coronation the cup was of siluer vngilt which the same knight had for his fées notwithstanding the petition which line 60 Iuon Fitzwarren presented to the lord steward requiring that office in right of his wife the ladie Maud daughter and heire to sir Iohn Argentine knight Sir Thomas Neuill lord Furniuall by reason of his manour of Ferneham with the hamlet of Cere which he held by the courtesie of England after the decesse of his wife the ladie Ione decessed gaue to the king a gloue for his right hand and susteined the kings right arme
lodging The duke of Burgognie on the other part being lord and souereigne of the towne iudged it as much vnméet for him to go to the regent where he was lodged Howbeit by intreatie of fréends to meet in a place indifferent betweene both their lodgings was appointed which offer not accepted both parties departed discontent and neuer after saw nor communed togither Thus by the proud disdaine enuious discord of these two high stomached princes Bedford not minding to haue anie péere and Burgognie not willing to abide anie superior shortlie after England much lost and Burgognie greatlie gained not as by the sequeale may appeare The bastard of Orleance called the earle of Dunois the lord Rochford marshall of France with other in the beginning of this thirtéenth yeare tooke the towne of S. Denis by treason skirmished with them of Paris and leauing behind them a great garrison tooke the towne of Howdone and Pont saint Maxence by composition And at the same time was the towne of Pont Meulan taken by the sudden scaling of two fishermen who entered vp at a common priuie standing in the wall Thus warre continuallie lasted betwixt these two mightie nations English and French within the realme of France than which therefore no countrie thought more miserable And though the poore people and inhabitants of the good townes and villages susteined most losse in their substance yet the men of warre oftentimes paied déerest for the bargaine being daily slaine wounded and taken prisoners for warre seldome beareth anie other fruit It may serue verie well here to recount how somewhat before these daies Martin the fift in the fiftéenth yeare of his popedome An. 1431 agreeing vpon a generall councell to be holden at Basill the same yeare did anon after deceasse whom Eugenie the fourth succéeding and liking right well of the time and place by his authoritie signified and sent with Iulian Cesarine his legat did confirme the choise Wherevpon as the councell the ninetéenth of Iulie the same 1431 was there begun and his holinesse soone after aduertised how malapertlie his ghostlie children had imbusied themselues in checking at their holie fathers faults and about reformation of his church at Rome his sublimitie therat highlie offended for great cause it had commanded his legat by and by to dissolue that synod and in his name to appoint a new at Ferrar and so come his waie vnder colour forsooth how that place was méetest for the prelats of the Gréeke church who had to confer with the Latine councell about points of religion wherein they long had remained at square But these Basilien clerks there still fastlie conteining themselues so smallie regarded this summons of Eugenie who then with his prelats as the time was run on vpon prorogation from Ferrar kept an other councell at Florence 1439 as by a confident countermand cited Eugenie all his cardinals to come to them at their solemne set councell at Basill Which his supremasie for so best became it notwithstanding sundrie citations vtterlie contemning to doo they soone after like verie impious imps first for contumacie accurssed his holie fatherhood then depriued him of his papasie and out of hand chose another in his office one Amedeus late duke of Sauoie who afore that time hauing giuen vp his possessions dignitie vnto his children became an heremite in a monasterie of his own building by mount Geuenna in Sauoie nigh the lake Leman where he by title of Decanus militum Iesu Christi and ten more of nobilitie with him had setled themselues to liue The vertuous minded man thus chosen pope by spirituall counsell inueigled lest the holie life such as it was that he had profest tooke the papasie vpon him the same 1439 and called Felix the fift which promotion yet he not long inioied For after by his successour Nicholas the fifts ambition that had suborned emperour Frederike to be a worker in the matter this sillie Amedeus was coosined of his popes golden crowne for a cardinals felt hat Then good man at last could he find whether were néerer to christen profession the life of a vertuous prince ruling in iustice of a solitarie heremite vertuouslie occupied of an imperious pope that may know no péere or of a licentious cardinall to liue as he liâ—t This poore prince had experience of all then knew the best when well might he lament him but too late repent him And in the fift yeare of this Basilien councell that had a continuance of eleuen yeare whereof an eight were run yer Felix was chosen in which Eugenie remaining pope still though of curst hart he neuer came at them motion was made among Sigismund the emperour and other christen kings who for appeasing this schisme betwéene the pope and his prelats were all present by person or proxie that sith such horror of bloudshed betwéene the two nations line 10 continuallie so lamentablie raged in France some mediation might be made for accord whereof one thing seemed to minister occasion of the more hope bicause the duke of Burgognie was willing so that it were not of his owne sute to returne and reconcile himselfe with the French king his mortall enimie and ancient aduersarie Héerevpon by authoritie of this generall councell two graue prelats the one Nicholas Albergat a Carthusian frier intituled a préest cardinall of the line 20 holie crosse the other Hugh Lusignan a Cyprian Gréeke bishop cardinall of Prenest in Italie came to the towne of Arras in Arthois whither were sent from the king of England Henrie Beauford cardinall of Winchester Henrie archbishop of Yorke William de la Poole earle of Suffolke and Iohn Holland earle of Huntington with diuerse other knights and esquiers And for the French king were there present Charles duke of Bourbon Lewes erle of Uandosme Arthur of Britaine constable of line 30 France the archbishop of Reimes and sir Philip Harecourt The duke of Burgognie was there in proper person accompanied with the duke of Guelders and the earles of Estampes Lignie S. Paule Uaudemont Neures and Daniell sonne to the prince of Orange with a great gard and a gallant companie Upon the daie of the first session the cardinall of S. Crosse declared to the thrée parties the innumerable mischeefes that had followed to the whole state of line 40 the christian common-wealth by their continuall dissention and dailie discord exhorting them for the honour of God for the loue which they ought to beare towards the aduancement of his faith and true religion to conforme themselues to reason and to laie aside all rancor malice and displeasure so that in concluding a godlie peace they might receiue profit and quietnesse heere in this world and of God an euerlasting reward in heauen After this admonition and line 50 diuerse daies of communication euerie partie brought in their demands which were most contrarie and farre from anie likelihood of comming to a good conclusion The
liege men First praieng and beséeching to our souereigne Christ Iesus of his high and mightie power to giue you vertue of prudence and that through the praier of the glorious martyr S. Albon giue you verie knowledge of our truths and to know the intent of our assembling at this time for God that is in heauen knoweth our intent is rightfull and true And therefore we praie vnto that mightie Lord in these words Domine sis clypeus defensionis nostrae Wherfore gratious lord please it your maiestie roiall to deliuer such as we will accuse and they to haue like as they haue deserued and this doone you to be honorablie worshipped as most rightfull king and our true gouernour And if we should now at this time be promised as afore this time is not vnknowen haue béene promises broken which haue béene full faithfullie promised and therevpon great othes sworne we will not now ceasse for no such promises nor oth till we haue them which haue deserued death or else we to die therefore The answer by the king to the duke of Yorke I King Henrie charge and command that no manner person of what degrée estate or what condition soeuer he be abide not but that they auoid the field and not be so hardie to make resistance against me in my owne realme For I shall know what traitour dare be so bold to raise anie people in mine owne land wherethrough I am in great disease and heauines By the faith I owe vnto S. Edward and vnto the crowne of England I shall destroie them euerie mothers sonne and eke they to be hanged drawne and quartered that may be taken afterward of them in example to make all such traitors to beware for to make anie rising of people within mine owne land and so traitorouslie to abide their king and gouernour And for a conclusion rather than they shall haue anie lord that here is with me at this time I shall this day for their sake in this quarell my selfe liue and die The words of the duke of Yorke to all gentlemen and other assembled with him SIrs the king our souereigne lord will not be reformed at our beseeching ne praier nor will not in no wise vnderstand the intent wherfore we be here assembled and gathered at this time but onelie is in full purpose to destroie vs all And thervpon a great oth hath made line 10 that there is none other waie but that he with all his power will pursue vs and if we be taken to giue vs a shamefull death léesing our liuelod and goods and also our heires shamed for euer Therefore sirs now sith it will none otherwise be but that we shall vtterlie die better it is for vs to die in the field than cowardlie to be put to an vtter rebuke and shamefull death for the right of England standeth in vs. Considering also in what perill it standeth at this time and for to redresse the mischéefe thereof let euerie line 20 man helpe to his power this daie and in that quarell to quite vs like men to the crowne of England praieng and beséeching vnto that Lord the which is eternall thâ—t reigneth in the glorious kingdome celestiall to kéepe and saue vs this daie in our right and through the gifts of his holie grace we may be made strong to withstand the great abhominable and horrible malice of them that purpose to destroie vs and the realme of England and put vs to a shamefull death Praie we therefore to the Lord to be our comfort line 30 and our defendour saieng these words Domine sis clypeus defensionis nostrae But another historie-writer saith that the king when first he heard of the duke of Yorks approch sent to him messengers the duke of Buckingham and others to vnderstand what he meant by his comming thus in maner of warre The duke of Buckingham to his message was answered by the duke of Yorke and his complices that they were all of line 40 them the kings faithfull liege subiects and intended no harme to him at all but the cause of our comming saie they is not in meaning anie hurt to his person But let that wicked and naughtie man the duke of Summerset be deliuered vnto vs who hath lost Normandie and taken no regard to the preseruation of Gascoigne and furthermore hath brought the realme vnto this miserable estate that where it was the floure of nations and the princesse of prouinces now is it haled into desolation spoile not line 50 so dreadfull by malice of forren enimie that indéed vtterlie as yee know seeketh our ruine as by the intollerable outrages of him that so long ago euen still appeares to haue sworne the confusion of our king and realme If it therefore please the king to deliuer that bad man into our hands we are readie without trouble or breach of peace to returne into our countrie But if the king be not minded so to do bicause he cannot misse him let him vnderstand that we will rather die in the field than suffer such a mischéefe line 60 vnredressed The king aduertised of this answer more wilfull than tollerable appointed him rather to trie battell than deliuer the duke of Summerset to his enimies Whereof they ascerteined made no longer staie but streightwaie sounded the trumpet to battell or rather as Hall saith while king Henrie sent foorth his ambassadours to treat of peace at the one end of the towne the earle of Warwike with his Marchmen entred at the other end and fiercelie setting on the kings fore-ward within a small time discomfited the same The place where they first brake into the towne was about the middle of saint Peters stréet The fight for a time was right sharpe and cruell for the duke of Summerset with the other lords comming to the succours of their companions that were put to the woorse did what they could to beat backe the enimies but the duke of Yorke sent euer fresh men to succour the wearie and to supplie the places of them that were hurt whereby the kings armie was finallie brought low and all the cheefteins of the field slaine and beaten downe For there died vnder the signe of the castell Edmund duke of Summerset who as hath béene reported was warned long before to auoid all castels and beside him laie Henrie the second of that name earle of Northumberland Humfrie earle of Stafford sonne to the duke of Buckingham Iohn lord Clifford sir Barthram Antwisell knight a Norman borne who forsaking his natiue countrie to continue in his loiall obedience to king Henrie came ouer to dwell here in England when Normandie was lost William Zouch Iohn Boutreux Rafe Bapthorp with his sonne William Corwin William Cotton Gilbert Faldinger Reginald Griffon Iohn Dawes Elice Wood Iohn Eith Rafe Woodward Gilbert Skarlock and Rafe Willoughbie esquiers with manie other in all to the number of eight thousand as Edward Hall saith in his chronicle
large field thrée miles distant from Warwike towards Banburie where he might behold his brother of Clarence in good arraie of battell comming towards him When they were now within halfe a mile approched togither the king placed his people in order of battell vnder their baners and so left them standing still and appointed them to kéepe their ground whilest he taking with him his brother of Glocester the lord Riuers the lord Hastings a few other went foorth to méet his brother of Clarence and in like sort the duke of Clarence tooke with him a few of the nobilitie that were about him and leauing his armie in good order departed from them to meet the king and so they met betwixt both the hoasts with so swéet salutations louing demeanor and good countenances as better might not be deuised betwixt brethren of so high and noble estate O what a hearts ioy was this to the people to sée such an accord and mutuall attonement line 10 betweene these peeres It was the onelie pleasure in the world to the which all other compared are but counterfet and that dooth the psalmist testifie Nil charitate mutua fratrum nihil Iucundius concordia Besides this the like fréendlie intertainment and courteous demeanour appeared in the salutings of other noble men that were on them attendant wherof all such as saw it and loued them greatlie reioised giuing God thankes for that ioifull méeting vnitie line 20 and concord appearing thus manifestlie betwixt them and herewith the trumpets and other instruments sounded the king withall brought the duke vnto his armie whom he saluting in most courteous wise welcomed them into the land and they humblie thanking him did to him such reuerence as apperteined to the honour of such a worthie personage This was a goodlie and a gratious reconcilement beneficiall to the princes profitable to the péeres and pleasurable to the people whose part had beene déepest in line 30 dangers and losse if discord had not beene discontinued This doone the king leauing his hoast againe keeping their ground with the same few persons which he tooke with him before went with his brother of Clarence vnto his armie and saluting them with swéete and courteous words was ioifullie of them welcomed and so after this they all came togither ioining in one And either part shewing themselues glad thus to méet as fréends with the other they line 40 went louinglie togither vnto Warwike with the king where and in the countrie thereabouts they lodged as they thought stood most with their ease and safeties Herewith the duke of Clarence desired aboue all things to procure some good and perfect accord betwixt his brother the king and the earle of Warwike In this was he the more studious bicause he saw that such an accord should bring great quietnesse to the land and deliuer the common-wealth of manie line 50 dangers that might insue by reason of such numbers of partakers as well lords as other that were confederat with the earle The said duke treated with the king present and sent messengers vnto Couentrie to the earle moouing as well the one as the other most instantlie to frame their minds vnto a pacification The king at the instance of his brother was contented to offer large conditions and verie beneficiall for the earle and his partakers if they would haue accepted them line 60 But the earle whether vtterlie despairing of his owne safetie if he should agrée to anie peace or else happilie for that he thought it stood with his honour to stand vnto such promises and couenants as he had made with the French king and with the quéene Margaret and hir sonne prince Edward to whome he was bound by oth not to shrinke 〈◊〉 swarue from the same he refused all maner of such conditions as were offered Insomuch that when the duke had sent to him both to excuse himselfe of the 〈◊〉 which he had doone and also to require him to take some good waie with king Edward now while he might the earle after he had patientlie heard the dukes message he séemed greatlie to abhorre his vnfaithfull dealing in turning thus from his confederats and alies contrarie to his oth and fidelitie To the messengers as some write he gaue none other answer but this that he had rather be like himselfe than like a false and periured duke and that he was fullie determined neuer to leaue warre till he had either lost his owne life or vtterlie subdued his enimies As it was thought the earle of Oxenfords persuasion wanted not to make him the more stiflie to hold out and rather to trie the vttermost hazard of warre than to agrée to acknowledge king Edward for his lawfull souereigne lord and king Whervpon no appointment nor anie agréement at all could be brought to passe and so all that treatie which the duke of Clarence had procured brake off tooke none effect There came to the earle of Warwike whilest he laie thus at Couentrie besides the earle of Oxenford the duke of Excester and the lord marquesse Montacute by whose comming that side was greatlie strengthened and the number much increased The king vpon consideration hereof and perceiuing he could not get the earle to come foorth of Couentrie departed from Warwike and eftsoones shewing himselfe with his people before the citie of Couentrie desired the earle and his power to come foorth into the fields that they might end their quarrell by battell which the earle and the other lords with him vtterlie refused as then to doo This was the fift of Aprill being fridaie The king herevpon was resolued to march towards London where his principall aduersarie king Henrie remained vsing his kinglie authoritie by diuerse such of the nobilitie as were about him whereby king Edward was barred and disappointed of manie aids and assistants which he was sure to haue if he could once breake that force of the roiall authoritie that was still thus exercised against him in king Henries name Wherefore by the aduise of his brethren and others of his councell accordinglie as it had beene ordeined before this his last setting foorth from Warwike he kept on his waie towards London comming to Dantrie on the saturdaie at night on the morow being Palmesundaie he heard seruice in the church there after rode to Northhampton where he was ioifullie receiued From thense he tooke the next way towards London leauing continuallie behind him as he passed foorth a competent band of speares and archers to beat backe such of the earle of Warwiks people as peraduenture he might send abroad to trouble him and his armie by the waie Which prouidence and foresight he thought it not vnnecessarie to vse for that he knew well enough that the heart of an enimie frieng in the fire of hatefull hostilitie will pretermit no opportunitie either of time or place to laie in wait for his destruction against whom he beareth an inward grudge with
determined to send some personage of more estimation than hir chapleine Herevpon she elected for a messenger Hugh Conweie esquier sent him into Britaine with a great sum of monie to hir sonne giuing him in charge to declare to the earle the great loue and especiall fauor that the most part of the nobilitie of the realme bare toward him the louing hearts beneuolent minds which the whole communaltie of their owne free will frankelie offered and liberallie exhibited to him willing and aduising him not to neglect so good an occasion apparantlie offered but with all speed and diligence to addict and settle his mind full intention how to returne home againe into England where he was both wished and looked for giuing him further monition and counsell to take land and arriuall in the principalitie of Wales where hée should not doubt to find both aid comfort and friends Richard Gilford least Hugh Conweie might fortune to be taken or stopped at Plimmouth where he intended to take his nauigation sent out of Kent Thomas Rame with the same instructions and both made such diligence and had such wind and weather the one by land from Calis and the other by water from Plimmouth that within lesse than an houre both ariued in the duke of Britains court and spake with the earle of Richmond which from the death of king Edward went at pleasure and libertie and to him counted and manifested the cause and effect of their message and ambassage When the earle had receiued this message which was the more pleasant bicause it was vnlooked for he rendered to Iesu his sauiour his most humble heartie thanks being in firme credence and beléefe that such things as hée with busie mind and laborious intent had wished desired could neuer haue taken anie effect without the helpe and preferment of almightie God And now being put in comfort of his long longing he did communicate breake to the duke of Britaine all his secrets and priuie messages which were to him declared aduertising him that he was entered into a sure and stedfast hope to obteine and get the crowne and kingdome of the realme of England desiring him both of his good will and friendlie helpe toward the atchiuing of his offered enterprise promising him when he came to his intended purpose to render to him againe equall kindnes and condigne recompense Although the duke of Britaine before that daie by Thomas Hutton ambassadour from king Richard had both by monie and praiers beene solicited and mooued to put againe into safe custodie the earle of Richmond he neuerthelesse promised faithfullie to aid him and his promise hée trulie performed Wherevpon the earle with all diligence sent into England againe Hugh Conweie and Thomas Rame which should declare his comming shortlie into England to the intent that all things which by counsell might be for his purpose prouided should be spéedilie and diligentlie doone and that all things doubtfull should of his friends be prudentlie foreséene in auoiding all engines or snares which king Richard had or might set in disturbance of his purpose and he in the meane season would make his abode still in Britaine till all things necessarie for his iournie were prepared and brought in a readinesse In the meane season the chiefteins of the coniuration in England began togither manie enterprises some in conuenient fortresses put strong garrisons some kept armed men priuilie to the intent that when they should haue knowledge of the earles landing they would begin to stir vp the war other did secretlie mooue and solicit the people to rise make an insurrection other amongst whom Iohn Morton bishop of Elie then being in Flanders was chiefe by priuie letters and cloked messengers did stirre and mooue to this new coniuration all such which they certeinlie knew to haue a rooted hatred or to beare cankered malice toward king Richard and his proceedings Although this great enterprise were neuer so priuilie handled and so secretlie amongst so circumspect persons treated compassed and conueied yet knowledge therof came to the eares of king Richard who with the sudden chance was not a little mooued and astonied First bicause he had no host readie prepared line 10 secondlie if he should raise an armie so suddenlie he knew not where to méet his enimies or whither to go or where to tarrie Wherefore he determined to dissemble the matter as though he knew nothing till he had assembled his host and in the meane season either by the rumour of the common people or by the diligence of his espials to search out all the counsels determinations intents and compasses of his close aduersaries or else by policie to intercept and take some person of the same coniuration line 20 considering that there is no more secret nor hid espiall than that which lurketh in dissimulation of knowledge and intelligence or is hidden in name and shadow of counterfeit humanitie and feined kindnesse But yet wisedome hath a deuise to auoid shift off all such deceiuers as the poet well saieth Dissimulatores vitat prudentia vafros And bicause he knew the duke of Buckingham to be the chiefe head and aid of the coniuration hée thought it most necessarie to plucke him from that part either by faire promises or open warre Wherevpon line 30 he addressed his louing letters to the duke full of gentle words most friendlie speach giuing further in charge to the messenger that caried the letter to promise the duke in his behalfe golden hilles and siluer riuers and with all gentle and pleasant means to persuade and exhort the duke to come to the court But the duke as wilie as the king mistrusting the faire flattering words and the gaie promises to him so suddenlie without any cause offered knowing the line 40 craftie casts of king Richards bow which in diuerse affaires before time he had séene practised required the king to pardon him excusing himselfe that he was so diseased in his stomach that scant he could either take refection or rest King Richard not being content with this excuse would in no wise admit the same but incontinent directed to the duke other letters of a more rougher and hautier sort not without tawnting and biting tearmes and checking words commanding him all excuses set apart to repaire without anie delaie to line 50 his roiall presence The duke made to the messeng a determinate answer that he would not come to his mortall enimie whome he neither loued nor fauoured and immediatlie prepared open warre against him and persuaded all his complices and partakers that euerie man in his quarter with all diligence should raise vp people make a commotion And by this means almost in one moment Thomas marques Dorset came out of sanctuarie where since line 60 the begining of K. Richards daies he had continued whose life by the onelie helpe of sir Thomas Louell was preserued from all danger perill
further in their attempts so that the king and the councell would not alter the religion but suffer it to remaine and tarie in the same state as king Henrie the eight left it vntill the king himselfe came to his full age Sir Peter Carew and all the residue nothing liking this answer being farre from their expectation were for the time in a great dumpe or studie but in the end misliked and discommended both the matter and the maner of their dealings insomuch that sir Peter Carew and sir Péerce Courtneie then shiriffe of Deuon openlie sharpelie and in plaine termes inueied against them for their slender or rather sinister dealings in so weightie a cause wherein they all ought rather to haue vsed all meanes to haue suppressed their outrages than to haue mainteined their follies and therefore as there was a blame in them so was there a plaine rebellion in the other But though the two knights would haue excused the matter and haue purged their sinceritie herein yet on ech side words were so multiplied that they brake asunder without anie further dealings and euerie man shifted for himselfe some one waie some an other waie The commons vnderstanding hereof stop all the high waies casting great trenches and laieng great trées ouerthwart the same and doo watch ward the same and by that meanes sundrie gentlemen suspecting no such matter and making waie to their appointed places were intrapped taken and put in prison and manie of them kept in durance during the whole time of the commotion abode great hardnesse and were in perill of life and limme manie were taken bicause they would be taken found fauour manie forsaking their houses and home were driuen to sequester and hide themselues in woods secret places In the citie none or verie few remained or taried sauing six or seuen persons then knowne of for by conference had before with the maior it was knowne that the citie was vnprouided of sufficient vittels méet for such a companie as the foresaid gentlemen were The gentlemen which taried and remained in the citie namelie sir Roger Blewet knight Iohn Beauchampe Bartholomew Fortescute Iohn Courtneie Iohn Peter customer esquiers and others did verie good seruice as well in their persons as in their good aduises and counsels sauing such as secretlie kept themselues close in certeine houses then vnknowne Sir Peter Carew verie earlie in the next morning tooke his horsse and the high waies being then not stopped he escaped and rode vnto George Henton a place of sir Hugh Paulets in Summersetshire where was the lord Russell being then newlie come from London and vnto him he gaue to vnderstand how all things had passed who foorthwith dispatched and sent him awaie to the king and councell to aduertise them of the same The king at the first hearing of the matter was verie much grieued in great perplexitie in two respects the one bicause at this instant the like tumults and rebellions though for an other cause were now raised and begun in other places the other was bicause he was inforced to leaue and giue ouer the appointed attempt for the conquest of Scotland and to imploie now those soldiors and strangers whome he had reteined for that seruice for the quenching of this fire kindled at home Neuerthelesse minding to follow the first and to appease the last he sent verie courteous letters gratious proclamations and manie mercifull offers vnto all the commons of these parties to haue pacified and satisfied them if they had had so much grace so to haue accepted it The commons being now entered in their follies and hauing driuen the gentlemen to the flight doo openlie shew themselues traitors rebels and therefore assembling themselues doo appoint out capteins to direct order both themselues and all their procéedings and as the common prouerbe is Like lips like lettice as is their cause so are the rulers the one being not so bold and euill as they wicked or woorse The capteins then are these Underhill a tailor Maunder a shoomaker Seager a labourer and Aâ—sheredge a fishdriuer with sundrie other such like the woorst men and the reffuse of all others thought most méet in this seruice Howbeit it was not long before that certeine gentlemen and yeomen of good countenance and credit both in Deuon and Cornewall were contented not onelie to be associats of this rebellion but also to carrie the crosse before this procession and to be capteins and guiders of this wicked enterprise as namelie in Deuon sir Thomas Pomeroie knight Iohn Burie and one Coffin gentlemen in Cornewall Humfrie Arundell and Winneslade esquiers Holmes a yeoman with sundrie others who for the most part were in the end executed and put to death and their facts to the memoriall of their perpetuall infamie line 10 recorded in chronicles The principall chiefe capteins in Deuon being fullie resolued by their owne power and authoritie to mainteine continue the religion according to the Romish church vtterlie to impugne the reformatision therof established by act of parlement to support the authoritie of the idoll of Rome whome they neuer saw in contempt of their true and lawfull king whome they knew and ought to obeie these I saie sent their messengers vnto the maior of this citie line 20 whose name was Iohn Blackaller to mooue and praie him to ioine with them they thinking that they hauing by these meanes the libertie to haue frée accesse to and from the citie and the helpe of the citizens should not want monie or armor or anie thing else to serue their turne the maior foorthwith aduertised vnto his brethren this motion And albeit some and the chiefest of them did like were well affected to the Romish religion yet respecting their dutie to God their obedience to the king their fidelitie to their countrie and safetie of themselues gaue their line 30 full resolute and direct answer that they would not ioine nor deale with them at all This answer was nothing liked and therefore sent they their second messenger requiring and commanding them to mainteine the old catholike religion with them and to doo as they did or else they would besiege them and perforce compell them thervnto The maior and his brethren returned their former answer adding moreouer that they in their dooings line 40 were wicked bad men they did would repute them for enimies and rebels against God their king and countrie and so renounced them The one side therefore as they prepare to besiege the citie and to worke all the extremities they can by force to take that which by words they can not obteine so on the other side the maior and his brethren vpon good aduise garded and watched the citie with sufficient men armed both by daie and by night The rebels according to their determination relieng themselues line 50 vpon a vaine hope
at our manor of Keningall the ninth of Iulie 1553. To this letter of the ladie Marie the lords of the councell answered againe line 40 as followeth MAdam we haue receiued your letters the ninth of this instant declaring your supposed title which you iudge your selfe to haue to the imperiall crowne of this realme and all the dominions thereto belonging For answer wherof this is to aduertise you that forsomuch as our souereigne ladie quéene Iane is after the death of our souereigne lord Edward the sixt a prince of most noble memorie inuested and possessed line 50 with the iust and right title of the imperiall crowne of this realme not onelie by good order of old ancient good lawes of this realme but also by our late souereigne lords letters patents signed with his owne hand and sealed with the great seale of England in presence of the most part of the nobles councellors iudges with diuers other graue and sage personages assenting and subscribing to the same we must therefore as of most bound dutie and allegiance line 60 assent vnto hir said grace and to none other except we should which faithfull subiects cannot fall into gréeuous and vnspeakeable enormities Wherefore we can no lesse doo but for the quiet both of the realme and you also to aduertise you that forsomuch as the diuorse made betwéene the king of famous memorie king Henrie the eight and the ladie Katharine your mother was necessarie to be had both by the euerlasting lawes of God and also by the ecclesiasticall lawes and by the most part of the noble and learned vniuersities of christendome and confirmed also by the sundrie acts of parlements remaining yet in their force and thereby you iustlie made illegitimate and vnheritable to the crowne imperiall of this realme and the rules dominions and possessions of the same you will vpon iust consideration hereof and of diuers other causes lawfull to be alledged for the same and for the iust inheritance of the right line and godlie orders taken by the late king Edward the sixt and greatest personages aforesaid surcease by anie pretense to vex and molest anie of our souereigne ladie quéene Iane hir subiects from the true faith and allegiance due vnto hir grace assuring you that if you will for respect shew your selfe quiet and obedient as you ought you shall find vs all and seuerall readie to doo you aâ—â—e seruice that we with dutie may and to be glad of your quietnesse to preserue the common state of this realme wherein you may be otherwise gréeuous vnto vs to your selfe and to them And thus we bid you most hartilie well to fare From the tower of London this ninth of Iulie Your ladiships freends shewing your selfe an obedient subiect Thomas Canturburie the marquesse of Winchester Iohn Bedford William Northampton Thomas Elie chancellor Iohn Northumberland Henrie Suffolke Henrie Arundell Francis Shrewesburie William Penbroke Cobham R. Rich Huntington Darcie Cheineie R. Cotton Iohn Gates William Peter William Cecill Iohn Chéeke Iohn Mason Edward North Robert Bowes All these aforesaid except onelie the duke of Northumberland and sir Iohn Gates were either by speciall fauour or speciall or generall pardon discharged for this offense against hir committed after hir comming to be quéene But now vpon the receit of this answer vnderstanding by hir fréends that she could not lie in suertie at Keningall being a place open easie to be approched she remooued from thence vnto hir castell of Fremingham standing in a wood countrie not so easie to be inuaded by hir enimies So soone as the councell heard of hir sudden departure and considering that all came not to passe as they supposed they caused spéedilie a power of men to be gathered togither And first they agréed that the duke of Suffolke father to the new made quéene should haue the conduct and leading of the armie ¶ But afterward it was deuised and decréed vpon further considerations and by the speciall means of the ladie Iane his daughter who taking the matter heauilie with wéeping teares made request to the whole councell that hir father might tarrie at home in hir companie Wherevpon the councell persuaded with the duke of Northumberland to take that voiage vpon him saieng that no man was so fit therefore bicause that he had atchiued the victorie in Norffolke once alreadie and was therefore so feared that none durst once lift vp their weapon against him besides that he was the best man of warre in the realme as well for the ordering of his campes and souldiers both in battell and in their tents as also by experience knowledge and wisdome he could both animate his armie with wittie persuasions and also pacifie and allaie his enimies pride with his stout courage or else to dissuade them if néed were from their enterprise Finallie said they this is the short and the long the quéene will in no wise grant that hir father shall take it vpon him wherefore quoth they we thinke it good if it may please your grace it lieth in you to remedie the matter With these the like persuasions the duke was allured to put himselfe desperatlie vpon hazzard Non morte horrenda non vllis territus armis Insomuch that he reioined vpon their talke and said Well then sith yee thinke it good I and mine will go not doubting of your fidelitie to the queenes maiestie which now I leaue in your custodie So that night he sent for both lords knights and other that should go with him and caused all things to be prepared accordinglie Then went the councell in to the ladie Iane and told hir of their conclusion who humblie thanked the duke for reseruing hir father at home and beséeched him to vse his diligence whereto he answered that he would doo what in him laie The morrow following great preparation was made the duke earlie in the morning called for his line 10 owne harnesse and saw it made readie at Durham place where he appointed all his retinue to méet The same daie carts were laden with munition and artillerie and field péeces were set forward The same forenoone the duke mooued eftsoones the councell to send their powers after him as it was before determined the same to méet with him at Newmarket and they promised they would He said further to some of them My lords I and these other noble personages with the whole armie that line 20 now go foorth as well for the behalfe of you yours as for the establishing of the quéenes highnesse shall not onelie aduenture our bodies and liues amongst the bloudie strokes and cruell assaults of our aduersaries in the open fields but also we doo leaue the conseruation of our selues children and families at home here with you as altogither committed to your truth and fidelities whome if we thought ye would through malice conspiracie or dissention leane vs your fréends in the briers and betraie vs line 30 we could
as persons that did renounce their quarrell and seemed to cursse or to blame such as sent them to so vnfortunate and desperate a voiage But though these reasons grounded vpon rules of naturall reason shall satisfie a great number of the aduersaries who will yeeld that by good order of ciuill and christian policie and gouernement hir maiestie line 40 could nor can doo no lesse than she hath doone first to subdue with hir forces hir rebels and traitors and next by order of hir lawes to correct the aiders abettors lastlie to put also to the sword such forces as the pope sent into hir dominions yet there are certeine other persons more nicelie addicted to the pope that will yet séeme to be vnsatisfied for that as they will tearme the matter a number of sillie poore wretches were put to death as traitors being but in profession scholers or priests by the names of seminaries Iesuits or simple schoolemaisters that line 50 came not into the realme with anie armour or weapon by force to aid the rebels and traitors either in England or in Ireland in their rebellions or wars of which sort of wretches the commiseration is made as though for their contrarie opinions in religion or for teaching of the people to disobeie the lawes of the realme they might haue beene otherwise punished and corrected but yet not with capitall paine These kinds of defenses tend onelie to find fault rather with the seueritie of their punishments than to line 60 acquit them as innocents or quiet subiects But for answer to the better satisfaction of these uice and scrupulous fauourers of traitors it must be with reason demanded of them if at least they will open their eares to reason whether they thinke that when a king being stablished in his realme hath a rebellion first secretlie practised and afterward openlie raised in his realme by his owne seditious subiects and when by a forren potentate or enimie the same rebellion is mainteined and the rebels by messages and promises comforted to continue and their treasons against their naturall prince auowed and consequentlie when the same potentat and enimie being author of â—he said rebellion shall with his owne proper forces inuade the realme and subiects of the prince that is so lawfullie and peaceablie possessed in these cases shall no subiect fauouring these rebels and yéelding obedience to the enimie the inuador be committed or punished as a traitor but onelie such of them as shall be found openlie to carrie armour and weapon Shall no subiect that is a spiall and an explorer for the rebell or enimie against his naturall prince be taken and punished as a traitor bicause he is not found with armour or weapon but yet is taken in his disguised apparell with scrolles and writings or other manifest tokens to prooue him a spie for traitors after he hath wandered secretlie in his souereignes campe region court or citie Shall no subiect be counted a traitor that will secretlie giue earnest and prest monie to persons to be rebels or enimies or that will attempt to poison the vittels or the founteins or secretlie set on fire the ships or munition or that will secretlie search and sound the hauens and créeks for landing or measure the depth of ditches or height of bulworks and walles bicause these offendors are not found with armor or weapon The answer I thinke must needs be yéelded if reason and experience shall haue rule with these aduersaries that all these and such like are to be punished as traitors and the principall reason is bicause it can not be denied but that the actions of all these are necessarie accessaries and adherents proper to further and continue all rebellions and warres But if they will denie that none are traitors that are not armed they will make Iudas no traitor that came to Christ without armour colouring his treason with a kisse Now therefore it resteth to applie the facts of these late malefactors that are pretended to haue offended but as scholers or bookemen or at the most but as persons that onelie in words and doctrine and not with armour did fauour and helpe the rebels and the enimies For which purpose let these persons be termed as they list scholers schoolemaisters bookemen seminaries priests Iesuits friers beadmen Romanists pardoners or what else you will neither their titles nor their apparell hath made them traitors but their traitorous secret motions practises their persons haue not made the warre but their directions and counsels haue set vp the rebellions It is trulie to be pondered that the verie causes finall of these rebellions and warres haue béene to depose hir maiestie from hir crowne the popes bull hath roared it so to be The causes instrumentall are thâ—se kind of seminaries and seedmen of sedition their secret teachings and reconciliations haue confirmed it The fruits and effects thereof are by rebellion to shed the bloud of all hir faithfull subiects the rewards of the inuadors if they could preuaile should be the disinheriting of all the nobilitie the clergie and the whole communaltie that would as they are bound by the lawes of God by their birth and othes defend their naturall gratious quéene their natiue countrie their wiues their children their familie and their houses And now examine these which you call vnarmed scholers and priests wherefore they first fled out of the realme why they liued and were conuersant in companie of the principall rebels and traitors at Rome and in their places where it is proued that they were partakers of their conspiracies Let it be answered why they came thus by stealth into the realme Why they haue wandered vp downe in corners in disguised sort changing their titles names and maner of apparell Why they haue intised and sought to persuade by their secret false reasons the people to allow and beléeue all the actions and attempts whatsoeuer the pope hath doone or shall doo to be lawfull Why they haue reconciled and withâ—â—wne so manie people in corners from the lawes of the realme to the obedience of the pope a 〈◊〉 potentate and open enimie whome they kâ—â—w to haue alreadie declared the queene to be no lawfull queene to haue mainteined the knowne rebels and traitors to haue inuaded hir maiesties dominions with open warre Examine further how these vagarant disgised vnarmed spies haue answered line 10 when they were taken and demanded what they thought of the bull of pope Pius Quintus which was published to depriue the quéenes maiestie and to warrant hir subiects to disobeie hir whether they thought that all subiects ought to obeie the same bull and so to rebell Secondlie whether they thought hir maiestie to be lawfull queene of the realme notwithstanding the said bull or anie other bull of the pope Thirdlie whether the pope might giue such licence as he did to the earls of Northumberland and line 20 Westmerland and other hir maiesties subiects to rebell as
Houed The king and the earle of Tholouse agreed Matt. Paris The earle of Flanders alied with K. Richard Iacob Meir Les annales de France Iacob Meir Wil. Paruus Towns won by the earle of Flanders Gisors besieged The French king entreth into Gisors K. Richard raiseth his siege Hugh de Chaumount taken prisoner Ouid in 3. Art am ep 16. Robert Rosse put to his fine for an escape Matth. Paris Nic. Treuet The French kings request for a combat K. Richards answer Matth. Paris Ships burnt and mariners hanged Les annales de France Anno Reg. 9. R. Houed One yeare 4 moneths saith Wil. Paruus Griffin king of Wales departed this life Weights and measures Moonks placed againe in the church of Couentrie Messengers from the stats of Germanie Three hundred knights of men of armes to be found The bishop of Lincolne The moonks of Christes church send to the pope complaining of their archbishop The pope sendeth to the king Anno Reg. 10. King Philip almost drowned Seuen score saith R. Houed Matth. Paris R. Houed Eoâ— Hâ—ss in Psal. 144. Inquisitions taken Ordinances of forrests Préests to be arrested offending in forrests Ger. Dor. The church of Lameth The pope coÌ„mandeth the church of Lameth to be raced The presumtuous stoutnesse of the moonks Welshmen vanquished Ger. Dor. ascribeth this victorie vnto Hubert archâ— of Canturburie and saith there were slaine about 500 of the enimies Mauds castle The earle of Leicester Marchades A truce taken betwixt the two kings R. Houed A truce concluded for fiue yeares Contention about the choosing of the emperour R. Houed The popes letters to the king for the church of Lameth The moonks borne out by the pope M. Pal. in suo sag. A tax Fiue shillings of euerie plough land as saith Matt. Westm. Chasteau Galiard built Images of an emperour and of his wife children all of fine gold The annales of Aquitaine Chalus Cheuerell R. Houed K. Richard besiegeth Chalus He is wounded Ra. Niger The king despaired of life He ordeineth his testament R. Houed Matth. Paris Rog. Houed A notable example of forgiuing an enimie Matth. Paris King Richard departed this life His stature shape of bodie Gal. Vinsaf His disposition of mind The vices that were in king Richard Fulco a préest Baldwine Hubert archbishops of Canturburie Iohn Bale A great derth A great mortalitie of people Wâ—l Paruus Two sunnes Anno Reg. 1. Rog. Houed Matth. Paris Chinon Robert de Turneham Sawmer Rog. Houed Thomas de Furnes Strife amongst the English subiects on the other side of the sea Matth. Paris The states assembled at Northampton Eustace Uescie sent into Scotland Quéene Elianors enuie against Arthur Constance dutchesse of Britaine Prop. lib. 2. Quéene Elianor passeth into Normandie The citie of Mauns takeÌ„ Matth. Paris R. Houed K. Iohn inuested duke of Normandie The citie of Angiers taken K. Iohn commeth ouer into England Matth. Paris Polydor. Rog. Houed Matth. Paris Additions to Iohn Pike Rog. Houed WilliaÌ„ Marshall earle of Striguille Geffrey Fitz Peter created earle of Essex The archb of Canturburie made lord chancellour The saieng of the lord Bardolfe Ambassadors from the king of Scots N. Triuet The French K. inuadeth Normandie Rog. Houed L. William de Stuteuille Roger de Lacie conestable of Chester King Iohn passeth ouer into Normandie A truce for fiftie daies The earle of Flanders Polydor. The league renewed betwixt England and Flanders Rog. Houed The earle of Namure France interdicted Normandie interdicted Rog. Houed Arthur duke of Britaine made knight The French kings demand Balun 〈◊〉 A peace betwixt king Iohn his nephue Lauardin William de Roches The vicount of Tours The mistrust that duke Arthur had in his vncle king Iohn Philip king Richards bastard son 〈◊〉 the vicount of Limoges Great flouds Uariance betwixt the bishop of Durham and earle Patrike A rate of the prices of wines King Iohn returneth into England A subsidie He saileth againe into Normandie Anno Reg. 2. A peace concluded with a marriage Matth. Paris Ra. Niger Polydor. The king coÌ„meth backe againe into England Ia. Meâ—â— R. Houed King Iohn is diuorsed Matt. West Matth. Paris R. Houed Matth. Paris Geffrey arch of Yorke depriued Rog. Houed A councell called at Westminster by the archbishop of Canturburie Arthur duke of Britaine doth homage to the king of England King Iohn returneth into England The quéene is crowned In ambassage sent vnto the K. of Scots The king of Scots came to the king of England at Lincolne Matth. Paris Ran. Higd. R. Houed Polydor. A presumptuous part in a bishop Fiue moones Matt. Paris Anno. Reg. 3. Rog. Houed The archbish of Yorke restored Ambassadors sent to Scotland The king passeth ouer into Normandie He commeth to talke with the king of France King Iohn entreth into Paris The league renewed Matth. Paris R. Houed Walter Lacie meant to haue taken the lord Curcie Polydor. Aid against the Turkes and infidels Matth. Paris Unseasonable weather Fabian Matth. Paris The French K. beginneth to make war against king Iohn Polydor. Hugh earle of March. The Poictouins reuolt from king Iohn Arthur proclaimeth himselfe earle of Aniou c. Quéene Elianor Matth. Paris Matth. West Polydor. K. Iohn commeth vpon his enimies not looked for Arthur duke of Britaine takeÌ„ prisoner Matth. Paris De Castre Erald 252 knights or men of armes besides demilances Anno Reg. 4. Matth. Paris King Iohn eftsoones crowned Rafe Cog. Guie sonne to the vicount of Touars Constance the mother of duke Arthur accuseth king Iohn Matt. Paris The ordinaÌ„ce for the assise of bread Great tempests Matth. Parâ—â— Anno Reg. 5. Matth. Paris Polydor. The French king inuadeth Normandie Roger de Lacie conestable of Chester taken The pope sendeth his Nuncij into France Gaguinâ—â— Polydor. Radpont woone Castell Galiard Matth. Paris Hugh de Gourney reuolteth from king Iohn K. Iohn commeth back into England Matth. Paris A parlement at Oxenford A subsidie granted Anno Reg. 6. Rafe Cog. Ambassadors sent into France Towns wâ—n by the French king Rouen besieged by the French king The great fidelitie of the citizens of Rouen RoueÌ„ through famine is surrendred to the French king Matth. Paris 〈…〉 this sâ—ould 〈…〉 in the daiâ—s of K. Henrie the second A fish like to a man Iohn Stow. M. Pâ—â— in 〈◊〉 120â— An extreame frost Anno. Reg. â— Polydor. Matth. Paris King Iohn prepareth an armie to go into France Rafe Cog. The archbishop of Canturburie and the earle of Penbroke persuade the king to staie at home The king repenting him goeth backe to the sea side He goeth to the sea the 15 of Iulie as some authors haue The death of the archb of Canturburie Matt. Paris Polydor. An archbishop chosen Matth. West Iohn Gray bishop of Norwich president of the councell Matth. Paris Helias de Brantfield The bishops quarell with the moonks of Canturburie about the election of an archbishop Gerard de Atie Robert de Turnham takeÌ„ prisoners Hubert de Burgh a valiant
Hugh 〈◊〉 esquire 〈◊〉 ouer to the 〈◊〉 of Richâ—â—â—â— to informe 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 preferment Tho. Rame sent ouer for the same purpose for feare of interceptioâ— The earle of Richmond maketh the duke of Britaine priuie to the matter Hugh CoÌ„wey and Thomas Rame returnâ— into England and deliueâ— their answer Preparation to bring in receiue 〈◊〉 the earle to the kingdomâ— â— Richards â—urpose in the 〈◊〉 of coniuâ—aâ—ion against 〈◊〉 The duke of Buckingham conspireth against king Richard The duke of Buckingham â— professed enimie to king Richard K. Richards 〈◊〉 in the disposing of his armie The duke of BuckinghaÌ„s power of wild Welshmen falseharted doo â—aile him A sore floud or high water dooing much harme called the duke of BuckinghaÌ„s great water The dukes adherents their powers dispersed A proclamaâ—â—oâ— for the aâ—prehension of the duke of BuckinghaÌ„ with large rewâ—rds to the apprehendor K. Richard sendeth foorth a name to â—câ—wre the sea ouer against Britaine Humfrie Banaster seruant vnto the duke of Buckingham betraied his maister Gods secret â—â—â—gementâ— vpon Banaster and his children after thâ— duke was apprehended The duke of Buckinghâ—â— beheaded with out arreigâ—â—â—â— or iudgemeâ—â— Gu. â—la The earle oâ— Richmonds preparation of ships and souldiers to the sea His ships disparkled by tempest He séeth all the sea banâ—â— furnished 〈◊〉 souldiers 〈◊〉 sendeth to â—now wheâ—her they â—â—re with 〈◊〉 or aâ—ainst him A forged tale â—o intrap the earles messengers The earle arriueth in Normandie passeth by land into Britaine againe Charles the â— of France his beneuolence to the earle of Richmond The earle lamenteth and reioiseth The English lords giue faith and promise either to other The earle of Richmond sweareth to marrie Elizabeth daughter to Edward the fourth after possession of the crowne Diuerse of thâ— earle of Richmonds faction apprehended and executed Abr. Flem Iohn Hooker alià s Vowel K. Richard commeth to Excester and is receiued with presents A prophesie the memorie whereof did appall the kings spirits Lord Scroope by the kings commission kept a session against diuerse indicted of high treson More than fiue hundred indicted whereof some escaped and some were executed The earle of RichmoÌ„d atteinted in parlement and all other that fled ouer sea to take his part Anno Reg. 2. King Richard chargeth the lord Stanleie to kéepe his wife in some secret place from dealing against him Collingborne executed Collingborne indictment Collingboâ—â—â— a fauourer 〈◊〉 the earle of Richmond Collingborne purpose to 〈◊〉 the erle aâ— his arriuall at Pole in Dorsetshire Collingborne indicted to be a libeller against king Richard Sée Scotland pag. 284 285. A truce betwixt England Scotland with a trâ—atie of aliance Iohn earle of Lincolne proâ—â—amed heire apparant to the crowne A marriage concluded betwixt the prince of Rothsaâ—e the duke of Suffolkes daughter King Richard attempteth the duke of Bâ—â—taine to delâ—uer the earle of Richmond into his hâ—â—â—s A great temptation with large offers Peter Landoise is mooued by the ambassadors of king Richard in their sute Note what loue of lucre or gréedie gaping after rewards dooth Sée page 701. Abr. Fl. Bishop Morton preuenteth defeateth the practises of king Richard and Peter Landoise The earle of Penbroke coÌ„ductor of the earle of Richmonds companie The earles small traine for a policie The earle apparelled like a page atteÌ„deth vpoÌ„ one of his men as his maister Peâ—er Landoise his expectation disappointed by the priuie and vnknowne departing of the earle The duke of Britains 〈◊〉 to the earle of Richmond the care of 〈◊〉 safetie Edw. Wooduile Edward Poinings receiue monie 〈◊〉 the duke for the earles conduâ—â— and his coâ—panie The earle of Richmond goeth to the French king and telleth him the cause of his coÌ„ming Abr. Fl. ex Guâ—â— page 13. Sir Iohn Uere earle of Oxford getteth out of prison he with others go to the earle of Richmond Abr Fl. ex I.S. pâ—g 733. The earle of Oxford leuieth a power and commeth into England Shiriffe Bodringham besiegeth the mount that the earle had taken The name of Fortescue wherevpon it grew Deuises to withdraw the earles power from him The earle of Oxford submitteth himselfe yéeldeth the castell into the kings hands Diuers English 〈◊〉 voluntarilie submit themselues to the earle of Richmond in France K. Richards deuise to infringe and defeat the earle of RichmoÌ„ds purpose A subtill and lâ—wo practise of king Richard to beguile the earle of Richmond The inconstancie of Q. Elizabeth Quéene Elizabeth allureth hir sonne the marquesâ—e Dorset home out of France A loâ—ged coÌ„plaine of king Richard against his wiâ—â— tâ— be rid of hâ—r A rumor spred abroad oâ— the quâ—enes death aâ— the procurement of king Richard The quéene 〈◊〉 to king Richard the third suddenâ—â—â— dead K Richard caâ—â—eth his 〈◊〉 on his â—éece purposing â—o maâ—â— hir Hom. Odyss lib. 19. What noble men K. Richard most mistrusted 1485 Anno Reg. 3. The castell of Hammes deliuered vnto the earle of Richmond Thomas Brandon entereth the castell Why king Richard gaue licence to all in the castell to depart in safetie with bag and baggage K. Richard calleth home his ships of warre from the narrow seas The vse of beacons in countries néere the sea coasts Dissention among the péeres of France made the earle of Richmond renew his sute and put him to his shifts The marqueâ— Dorset forsaketh the earle The earle of Richmâ—nd hath 〈◊〉 monie of the French king for hostages The earle is greeued at 〈◊〉 newes of king Richards intended mariage with his neéce Sir Walter Herbert A mariage purposed 〈◊〉 disappointed The Welshmen offer to aid the earle oâ— Richmond The earle arriueth at Milford hauen A false rumor of ill newes The earle of Richmonds power made stronger by accesse of confederats The erle sendeth secret word to his mother and other his fréends that he meant a direct passage to London their conference Rice ap Thomas sweareth fealtie and seruice to the earle of Richmond The lord Stanleies deuise to auoid suspicion of K. Richard and to saue his sonnes life K. Richard contemneth the earle and his power Ouid. The king sendeth to his friends for a chosen power of men The earle 〈◊〉 incamped at Lichfield The ordering of king Richards armâ—â— The earle of Richmond remoueth his power to Tamworth A strange chance that happened to the earle of Richmond The earle of Richmond put to 〈◊〉 shift Tâ—e lord Stanleie the earle of Richmond others 〈◊〉 embrace and consult The principals of K. Richards power 〈◊〉 from him The â—reame 〈◊〉 king Richard the third foretelling him of his end King Richard bringeth all his men into the plaine The duke of Norffolke and the earle of Surrie on K. Richards side The lord Stanleie refuseth to set the earles men in battell raie The earle setteth his men in order and appointeth chéefteins King Richard iustifieth himselfe and his gouernement He speaketh opprobriouslie of the earle of Richmond The K. wouâ—