all_o expedition_n according_o he_o take_v with_o he_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n come_v forthwith_o to_o carthage_n where_o be_v choose_v their_o three_o general_n he_o and_o asdrubal_n fall_v to_o consult_v about_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n and_o conclude_v that_o above_o all_o thing_n they_o ought_v to_o succour_n the_o province_n and_o not_o endure_v that_o the_o roman_n shall_v make_v their_o incursion_n and_o such_o spoil_n upon_o the_o country_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n m._n atilius_n regulus_n proceed_v and_o in_o a_o short_a space_n make_v a_o mighty_a progress_n all_o such_o town_n as_o he_o attack_v that_o have_v no_o wall_n he_o carry_v at_o the_o first_o assault_n and_o such_o as_o be_v fortify_v he_o besiege_a and_o come_v to_o adda_n which_o be_v a_o place_n of_o importance_n he_o encamp_v not_o far_o from_o the_o wall_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o it_o but_o the_o carthaginian_n know_v the_o usefulness_n of_o that_o place_n and_o be_v resolve_v to_o defend_v the_o country_n march_v out_o forthwith_o against_o he_o where_o arrive_v with_o their_o army_n they_o post_v themselves_o on_o a_o eminence_n which_o albeit_o it_o give_v they_o a_o advantage_n against_o the_o roman_n be_v nevertheless_o very_o incommodious_a to_o themselves_o in_o all_o respect_n for_o as_o their_o great_a strength_n and_o hope_n be_v in_o their_o horse_n and_o elephant_n so_o abandon_v the_o plain_a and_o proper_a country_n and_z marching_z and_o enclose_v themselves_o in_o rough_a and_o inaccessible_a place_n they_o point_v out_o as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o enemy_n the_o method_n of_o their_o own_o destruction_n and_o so_o in_o effect_n it_o prove_v for_o the_o roman_a commander_n who_o be_v man_n of_o experience_n see_v well_o enough_o that_o the_o main_a strength_n and_o most_o formidable_a part_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n be_v render_v useless_a by_o their_o thus_o keep_v the_o mountain_n they_o therefore_o wise_o manage_v this_o error_n of_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o not_o delay_v till_o they_o shall_v be_v better_o advise_v improve_v the_o occasion_n and_o according_o march_v at_o break_v of_o day_n and_o surround_v the_o hill_n where_o they_o be_v thus_o encamp_v when_o now_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o more_o useless_a to_o they_o than_o their_o horse_n and_o elephant_n in_o this_o occasion_n the_o mercenary_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n behave_v themselves_o gallant_o and_o engage_v with_o the_o first_o legion_n force_v they_o to_o retreat_n howbeit_o be_v attack_v in_o the_o rear_n by_o another_o party_n march_v about_o the_o hill_n they_o be_v at_o length_n force_v to_o give_v ground_n and_o retire_v and_o now_o be_v hard_o press_v they_o forsake_v their_o camp_n with_o their_o horse_n and_o elephant_n and_o gain_v the_o plain_a country_n save_v themselves_o the_o roman_n pursue_v their_o foot_n for_o some_o space_n so_o they_o take_v their_o camp_n and_o proceed_v as_o before_o to_o make_v inroad_n take_v of_o town_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n round_o about_o without_o any_o impediment_n then_o they_o march_v to_o tune_n and_o become_a master_n of_o that_o place_n they_o lodge_v within_o the_o wall_n which_o they_o choose_v to_o do_v in_o regard_n the_o situation_n be_v proper_a for_o the_o purpose_n they_o have_v in_o hand_n and_o be_v of_o all_o place_n the_o most_o useful_a to_o incommode_v and_o distress_n carthage_n itself_o and_o the_o country_n round_o about_o it_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o have_v so_o unfortunate_o manage_v their_o affair_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n not_o so_o much_o through_o the_o cowardice_n oâ—_n their_o army_n as_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o their_o chief_n begin_v now_o to_o despair_v for_o over_o and_o above_o the_o calamity_n we_o have_v relate_v the_o numidian_n take_v the_o advantage_n of_o these_o their_o trouble_n have_v make_v inroad_n upon_o they_o and_o do_v they_o as_o much_o hurt_n as_o the_o roman_a and_o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o country_n under_o their_o dominion_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o insomuch_o that_o the_o people_n be_v compel_v to_o retire_v and_o save_v themselves_o in_o the_o city_n whither_o they_o bring_v both_o fear_n and_o famine_n a_o mighty_a multitude_n of_o all_o sort_n flock_v at_o once_o thâ—ther_o and_o now_o regulus_n have_v weigh_v that_o they_o have_v be_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o carthaginians_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o that_o carthage_n itself_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o be_v able_a long_o to_o hold_v out_o admonish_v they_o to_o treat_v about_o a_o accommodation_n fear_v lest_o his_o successor_n that_o be_v expect_v from_o rome_n shall_v if_o he_o make_v not_o a_o peace_n deprive_v he_o of_o the_o glory_n of_o put_v a_o end_n to_o that_o war._n the_o carthaginian_n on_o their_o part_n glad_o listen_v to_o the_o proposal_n and_o according_o dispatch_v to_o regulus_n some_o of_o their_o principal_a citizen_n who_o after_o some_o time_n of_o conference_n be_v so_o far_o from_o yield_v to_o the_o proposition_n that_o they_o have_v not_o patience_n so_o much_o as_o to_o hear_v they_o repeat_v they_o be_v so_o infamous_a for_o regulus_n as_o if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o complete_a conquest_n will_v have_v have_v they_o esteem_v it_o as_o a_o singular_a grace_n and_o benefit_n to_o accord_v they_o a_o peace_n upon_o whatsoever_o condition_n he_o shall_v think_v fit_a to_o propound_v but_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v of_o a_o different_a mind_n and_o reckon_v that_o nothing_o can_v befall_v they_o more_o shameful_a and_o calamitous_a than_o what_o be_v demand_v and_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v worse_o with_o they_o to_o be_v entire_o conquer_v and_o bring_v under_o the_o roman_a yoke_n so_o they_o return_v not_o only_o full_a of_o shame_n to_o be_v so_o treat_v but_o of_o indignation_n at_o the_o intolerable_a insolence_n of_o regulus_n the_o senate_n likewise_o after_o they_o have_v hear_v the_o term_n of_o peace_n repeat_v which_o the_o roman_n propose_v withstand_v it_o with_o so_o much_o courage_n and_o greatness_n of_o mind_n that_o albeit_o they_o be_v at_o the_o brink_n of_o despair_n the_o determine_v rather_o to_o abide_v any_o adversity_n their_o worst_a fortune_n can_v bring_v on_o they_o than_o stain_v the_o nobility_n of_o their_o name_n and_o action_n by_o so_o shameful_a a_o treaty_n about_o this_o time_n there_o be_v return_v out_o of_o greece_n a_o carthaginian_a who_o have_v be_v send_v thither_o to_o raise_v soldier_n in_o those_o part_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n who_o bring_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o recruit_n with_o he_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n a_o certain_a lacedaemonian_a call_v xantippus_n who_o have_v be_v educate_v according_a to_o the_o spartan_a discipline_n and_o be_v a_o person_n well_o see_v in_o military_a affair_n he_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o late_a defeat_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o after_o have_v be_v thorough_o instruct_v in_o their_o strength_n and_o the_o provision_n they_o have_v make_v for_o the_o war_n their_o number_n of_o horse_n and_o of_o their_o elephant_n he_o conclude_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o so_o publish_v among_o his_o friend_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o enemy_n that_o have_v vanquish_v the_o carthaginian_n but_o the_o ignorance_n of_o their_o leader_n this_o discourse_n of_o xantippus_n be_v quick_o spread_v among_o the_o people_n and_o come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o knowledge_n oâ—_n of_o the_o magistrate_n who_o forthwith_o command_v he_o shall_v be_v bring_v before_o they_o when_o he_o reason_v the_o whole_a matter_n to_o they_o and_o do_v endeavour_v to_o demonstrate_v that_o if_o by_o take_v his_o advice_n they_o will_v alter_v their_o manner_n of_o fight_v and_o descend_v from_o thâ—_n hill_n incamp_v and_o deal_v with_o the_o enemy_n iâ—_n the_o champain_n country_n he_o assure_v they_o no_o only_a of_o safety_n but_o of_o victory_n the_o soldier_n who_o be_v edify_v by_o these_o reason_n concur_v entire_o with_o xantippus_n to_o who_o thereupon_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o army_n be_v forthwith_o give_v and_o indeed_o this_o advice_n of_o his_o be_v no_o soon_o understand_v in_o the_o army_n but_o they_o take_v heart_n and_o conceive_v new_a hope_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v march_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o discipline_v and_o form_v according_a to_o his_o rule_n the_o ability_n of_o this_o their_o new_a leader_n and_o the_o ignorance_n of_o their_o former_a captain_n become_v so_o visible_a that_o the_o army_n express_v their_o joy_n by_o loud_a and_o general_a acclamation_n and_o a_o mighty_a forwardness_n to_o be_v let_v against_o the_o enemy_n have_v conceive_v a_o firm_a assurance_n that_o they_o can_v not_o miscarry_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o xantippus_n in_o a_o word_n the_o officer_n observe_v this_o change_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o soldier_n encourage_v they_o with_o their_o exhortation_n to_o
achaian_n with_o order_n to_o proceed_v on_o to_o antigonus_n if_o they_o approve_v the_o proposition_n which_o they_o do_v and_o consent_v that_o the_o ambassador_n shall_v pursue_v their_o order_n when_o nichophanes_n have_v his_o audience_n of_o antigonus_n he_o touch_v the_o affair_n of_o his_o own_o country_n in_o few_o word_n speak_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v just_o fit_a but_o he_o enlarge_v and_o make_v he_o a_o long_a discourse_n pursuant_n to_o the_o instruction_n of_o aratus_n of_o affair_n in_o general_n which_o instruction_n import_v the_o mighty_a consequence_n of_o the_o alliance_n between_o cleomenes_n and_o the_o aetolian_n and_o whither_o it_o tend_v that_o it_o be_v true_a the_o achaian_n be_v likely_a to_o feel_v the_o first_o evil_n of_o it_o but_o the_o heavy_a and_o most_o dangerous_a effect_n threaten_v antigonus_n that_o it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o determine_v that_o the_o achaian_n be_v not_o themselves_o a_o match_n for_o those_o two_o people_n in_o case_n they_o shall_v attack_v they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v yet_o easy_a to_o foresee_v to_o those_o who_o right_o judge_v of_o affair_n that_o the_o ambition_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o the_o aetolian_n be_v not_o likely_a to_o be_v limit_v to_o the_o single_a conquest_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o that_o they_o will_v stop_v there_o that_o peloponnesus_n will_v prove_v but_o a_o small_a morsel_n to_o the_o avarice_n of_o the_o aetolian_n when_o greece_n itself_o be_v not_o think_v sufficient_a that_o touch_v cleomenes_n albeit_o he_o make_v show_v to_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o dominion_n of_o peloponnesus_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o doubt_v but_o that_o whenever_o he_o shall_v compass_v so_o great_a a_o share_n of_o authority_n he_o will_v extend_v his_o ambition_n to_o the_o subjection_n of_o all_o greece_n which_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a to_o bring_v to_o pass_v without_o first_o destroy_v the_o macedonian_a monarchy_n the_o ambassador_n therefore_o be_v to_o pray_v he_o to_o deliberate_v mature_o which_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v the_o safe_a counsel_n for_o he_o to_o take_v whether_o to_o succour_n the_o achaian_n and_o beotian_o in_o opposition_n to_o cleomenes_n and_o to_o counterplot_n his_o design_n upon_o greece_n in_o peloponnesus_n or_o by_o neglect_v the_o occasion_n of_o conciliate_v the_o friendship_n of_o so_o great_a a_o people_n become_v liable_a at_o length_n to_o sustain_v a_o war_n in_o thessaly_n for_o the_o empire_n of_o macedon_n not_o only_o with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o aetolian_n but_o with_o the_o beotian_o and_o achaian_n themselves_o they_o be_v in_o short_a to_o let_v antigonus_n know_v that_o if_o the_o aetolian_n continue_v their_o nutrality_n as_o they_o yet_o seem_v to_o do_v out_o of_o shame_n to_o deal_v ungrateful_o with_o those_o from_o who_o they_o have_v receive_v so_o many_o good_a office_n during_o their_o war_n with_o demetrius_n that_o in_o such_o case_n the_o achaian_n will_v stand_v alone_o against_o the_o attempt_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o if_o fortune_n favour_v their_o council_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v drive_v to_o resort_v to_o any_o foreign_a assistance_n but_o in_o case_n other_o resolution_n shall_v be_v take_v and_o that_o the_o aetolian_n shall_v join_v with_o the_o enemy_n that_o he_o shall_v then_o be_v move_v to_o weigh_v with_o his_o best_a wisdom_n the_o state_n of_o thing_n and_o not_o to_o permit_v the_o occasion_n to_o be_v lose_v of_o timely_o succour_v and_o prevent_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o achaian_n of_o who_o fidelity_n and_o gratitude_n there_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n to_o doubt_v in_o short_a the_o ambassador_n give_v he_o assurance_n that_o whensoever_o these_o matter_n shall_v corn_n in_o agitation_n aratus_n will_v be_v prepare_v to_o give_v such_o security_n for_o their_o fair_a proceed_v as_o shall_v be_v please_v to_o both_o party_n and_o that_o he_o himself_o will_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o demand_v it_o whensoever_o assistance_n shall_v be_v needful_a antigonus_n have_v hear_v the_o ambassador_n acknowledge_v the_o counsel_n of_o aratus_n to_o be_v very_o wise_a and_o wholesome_a and_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o keep_v a_o more_o vigilant_a eye_n on_o all_o occurrence_n he_o likewise_o write_v to_o the_o megalopolitan_o assure_v they_o of_o his_o assistance_n whensoever_o the_o achaian_n shall_v declare_v it_o necessary_a upon_o the_o return_n home_o of_o nicophanes_n and_o cercidas_n they_o deliver_v the_o letter_n of_o antigonus_n and_o make_v know_v the_o good_a disposition_n wherein_o they_o find_v that_o prince_n whereupon_o the_o megalopolitan_o take_v courage_n and_o forthwith_o deliberate_v to_o go_v to_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o move_v they_o to_o join_v with_o antigonus_n and_o to_o lose_v no_o time_n in_o put_v their_o affair_n into_o his_o management_n and_o now_o when_o aratus_n have_v be_v give_v to_o understand_v by_o the_o ambassador_n how_o kind_a antigonus_n have_v appear_v to_o the_o achaian_n in_o general_a and_o to_o himself_o in_o particular_a he_o be_v not_o a_o little_a please_v to_o find_v his_o project_n succeee_v so_o well_o and_o that_o antigonus_n prove_v in_o his_o compliance_n so_o contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o achaian_n for_o he_o be_v assure_v that_o the_o inclination_n which_o the_o megalopolitan_o have_v show_v to_o commit_v the_o conduct_n of_o the_o war_n to_o antigonus_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o achaian_n can_v not_o but_o great_o contribute_v to_o the_o success_n of_o his_o design_n for_o notwithstanding_o that_o aratus_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v wish_v there_o may_v happen_v no_o occasion_n to_o call_v in_o foreign_a aid_n and_o that_o he_o labour_v all_o that_o be_v possible_a to_o prevent_v it_o nevertheless_o he_o think_v it_o the_o safe_a advice_n that_o can_v be_v take_v if_o they_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v straighten_a to_o secure_v the_o friendship_n of_o antigonus_n provide_v the_o motion_n may_v proceed_v mere_o from_o the_o achaian_n and_o that_o it_o may_v not_o appear_v it_o be_v compass_v by_o his_o procurement_n for_o in_o short_a as_o he_o can_v not_o answer_v for_o antigonus_n who_o may_v be_v tempt_v to_o change_v his_o mind_n so_o he_o be_v in_o the_o right_a to_o do_v his_o best_a to_o shun_v the_o blame_v that_o may_v be_v due_a to_o he_o for_o the_o mischief_n that_o may_v befall_v his_o country_n in_o case_n after_z antigonus_z shall_v have_v come_v to_o their_o relief_n and_o succeed_v against_o cleomenes_n he_o shall_v chance_v to_o attempt_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o detriment_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o just_o fear_v that_o if_o antigonus_n shall_v declare_v himself_o their_o enemy_n no_o body_n will_v arraign_v he_o of_o injustice_n after_o the_o violation_n act_v by_o the_o achaian_n against_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n in_o the_o surprise_n of_o acro-corinth_n wherefore_o upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o at_o the_o assembly_n where_o they_o communicate_v antigonus_n letter_n and_o after_o they_o have_v deliberate_v on_o the_o great_a demonstration_n of_o affection_n that_o prince_n have_v make_v they_o and_o in_o a_o word_n have_v remonstrate_v the_o press_a occasion_n of_o call_v he_o to_o their_o aid_n and_o that_o the_o megalopolitan_o wish_v it_o above_o all_o thing_n then_o aratus_n stand_v up_o to_o speak_v and_o after_o he_o have_v exaggerated_a the_o benefit_n of_o antigonus_n friendship_n and_o applaud_v the_o determination_n of_o the_o people_n he_o make_v a_o long_a exhortation_n to_o dispose_v they_o by_o all_o mean_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o compass_v their_o defence_n and_o safety_n by_o their_o own_o force_n alone_o inasmuch_o as_o nothing_o can_v befall_v they_o more_o glorious_a or_o more_o profitable_a and_o that_o if_o after_o all_o their_o effort_n fortune_n shall_v prove_v averse_a then_o that_o they_o may_v have_v recourse_n to_o their_o friend_n but_o that_o they_o ought_v first_o to_o perform_v the_o utmost_a they_o be_v able_a by_o their_o own_o single_a force_n this_o opinion_n of_o aratus_n be_v approve_v by_o a_o general_a vote_n of_o the_o assembly_n they_o determine_v to_o proceed_v no_o further_o for_o that_o time_n and_o that_o the_o achaian_n shall_v attempt_v at_o least_o to_o sustain_v the_o war_n by_o themselves_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n ptolemy_n who_o despair_v of_o preserve_a friendship_n with_o the_o achaian_n begin_v to_o manifest_v his_o goodwill_n to_o cleomenes_n by_o supply_v he_o with_o necessary_n for_o as_o he_o believe_v the_o power_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n will_v be_v likely_a to_o go_v further_o towards_o the_o defeat_a the_o design_n of_o the_o macedonian_n then_o the_o achaian_n he_o theretofore_o do_v what_o he_o can_v to_o irritate_fw-la cleomenes_n against_o antigonus_n contribute_v his_o part_n towards_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o war._n but_o after_o the_o achaian_n be_v worsted_n by_o cleomenes_n first_o near_o licoeum_n where_o
be_v no_o injustice_n to_o award_v he_o the_o same_o measure_n he_o have_v deal_v to_o other_o we_o rather_o ought_v to_o conclude_v it_o will_v have_v be_v injustice_n if_o his_o death_n shall_v have_v happen_v without_o some_o sense_n of_o torment_n after_o he_o have_v act_v so_o many_o criminal_a part_n it_o will_v not_o therefore_o be_v find_v a_o just_a imputation_n of_o cruelty_n in_o antigonus_n or_o aratus_n if_o be_v take_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o war_n aristomachus_n be_v condemn_v to_o die_v by_o torment_n if_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o deserve_v no_o less_o and_o that_o those_o who_o shall_v have_v compass_v his_o death_n will_v have_v merit_v applause_n and_o reward_n from_o every_o honest_a man._n but_o over_o and_o above_o what_o we_o have_v observe_v have_v violate_v his_o faith_n and_o break_v his_o trust_n with_o the_o achaian_n what_o punishment_n can_v they_o think_v too_o great_a in_o short_a aristomachus_n a_o little_a before_o the_o death_n of_o demetrius_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n and_o reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n forlorn_a and_o despoil_v of_o his_o dominion_n find_v a_o asylum_n among_o the_o achaian_n who_o receive_v he_o with_o all_o possible_a gentleness_n they_o not_o only_o forget_v and_o forgive_v the_o crime_n and_o outrage_n of_o his_o tyranny_n but_o admit_v he_o to_o a_o share_n of_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o state_n and_o confer_v on_o he_o the_o trust_n of_o command_v and_o conduct_v their_o army_n and_o do_v he_o other_o great_a honour_n while_o he_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o upon_o the_o first_o shadow_n of_o advantage_n tender_v he_o by_o cleomenes_n forget_v all_o these_o obligation_n and_o desert_v the_o achaian_n at_o a_o time_n of_o their_o great_a distress_n join_v with_o their_o enemy_n so_o that_o fall_v at_o last_o into_o their_o hand_n what_o hard_a measure_n will_v it_o have_v be_v to_o carry_v he_o to_o cenchrea_n and_o there_o to_o put_v he_o private_o to_o death_n and_o in_o the_o night_n as_o our_o author_n report_v when_o in_o justice_n he_o shall_v have_v be_v lead_v through_o all_o the_o country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o after_o he_o have_v be_v make_v a_o spectacle_n to_o the_o world_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v public_o torment_v to_o death_n to_o rendeâ—_n he_o the_o great_a example_n though_o in_o a_o word_n the_o severe_a treatment_n that_o befall_v this_o vile_a man_n be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o sea_n for_o certain_a barbarity_n commit_v by_o he_o at_o cenchrea_n furthermore_n philarchus_n exaggerates_n with_o passion_n the_o calamity_n of_o the_o mantinoean_n as_o if_o he_o think_v it_o the_o business_n of_o a_o historian_n to_o pick_v out_o and_o enlarge_v most_o on_o the_o subject_a of_o our_o vice_n but_o be_v silent_a when_o he_o shall_v have_v record_v the_o memorable_a and_o glorious_a behaviour_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o which_o occur_v at_o the_o same_o time_n false_o conceive_v that_o to_o register_n the_o flaw_n and_o frailty_n of_o human_a nature_n be_v more_o eligible_a than_o to_o publish_v the_o merit_n of_o noble_a and_o generous_a action_n while_o who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o fame_n and_o glory_n of_o noble_a deed_n do_v more_o urge_v we_o to_o virtue_n and_o reform_v our_o manner_n better_a than_o the_o recital_n of_o criminal_a adventure_n our_o author_n indeed_o labour_v to_o set_v forth_o the_o courage_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o his_o gentleness_n to_o his_o enemy_n tell_v we_o how_o he_o take_v megalopolis_n and_o preserve_v it_o from_o destruction_n till_o he_o have_v send_v to_o messene_n whither_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v retire_v to_o invite_v they_o back_o to_o their_o habitation_n and_o take_v part_n with_o he_o nor_o do_v he_o omit_v to_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o megalopolitan_o have_v hardly_o the_o patience_n to_o hear_v his_o letter_n read_v after_o they_o know_v the_o subject_a and_o that_o they_o be_v with_o difficulty_n restrain_v from_o stone_v the_o messenger_n to_o death_n but_o he_o total_o neglect_v to_o publish_v what_o in_o justice_n and_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o history_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v omit_v namely_o to_o celebrate_v the_o praise_n of_o their_o virtue_n and_o the_o generous_a resolution_n they_o have_v take_v which_o he_o may_v fair_o have_v do_v for_o if_o we_o reckon_v those_o man_n of_o honour_n and_o virtue_n who_o succour_n and_o defend_v their_o friend_n and_o confederate_n in_o distress_n both_o in_o word_n and_o deed_n and_o if_o we_o think_v it_o not_o only_o praiseworthy_a but_o the_o subject_a of_o great_a reward_n and_o concession_n of_o remarkable_a privilege_n to_o those_o who_o suffer_v on_o that_o score_n to_o yield_v to_o be_v spoil_v in_o their_o fortune_n to_o abide_v the_o calamity_n of_o sieges_n and_o endure_v all_o the_o wasteful_a effect_n of_o hostility_n what_o may_v be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v due_a to_o the_o megalopolitan_o shall_v we_o not_o reckon_v they_o man_n of_o honour_n can_v we_o praise_v they_o too_o much_o first_o they_o endure_v with_o unspeakable_a constancy_n to_o behold_v cleomenes_n burn_v and_o ravage_v all_o their_o territory_n abroad_o then_o they_o choose_v to_o abandon_v their_o native_a city_n and_o soil_n rather_o than_o their_o friendship_n and_o the_o tie_v of_o honour_n they_o be_v under_o to_o the_o achaian_n in_o a_o word_n though_o contrary_a to_o their_o hope_n overture_n be_v make_v they_o to_o return_v to_o their_o possession_n they_o can_v better_o brook_v to_o be_v deprive_v of_o their_o fortune_n their_o sepulcher_n their_o temple_n their_o country_n their_o whole_a sudstance_n and_o in_o short_a to_o lose_v all_o that_o be_v valuable_a and_o dear_a to_o they_o than_o to_o violate_v their_o faith_n to_o their_o confederate_n can_v any_o man_n do_v more_o or_o be_v it_o in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o mortal_a at_o any_o time_n to_o acquire_v a_o more_o glorious_a and_o illustrious_a character_n when_o if_o not_o here_o can_v a_o historian_n hope_v to_o find_v a_o theme_n fit_a to_o charm_n the_o attention_n of_o the_o reader_n and_o what_o more_o noble_a example_n can_v be_v inculcate_v to_o mankind_n to_o excite_v they_o to_o constancy_n and_o fidelity_n to_o their_o treaty_n and_o alliance_n with_o their_o neighbour_a state_n nevertheless_o philarchus_n have_v commit_v all_o this_o to_o oblivion_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v one_o may_v safe_o accuse_v he_o of_o stupidity_n and_o want_n of_o judgement_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o such_o matter_n as_o become_v the_o dignity_n of_o history_n since_o he_o can_v neglect_v the_o record_v occurrence_n of_o that_o importance_n that_o lie_v so_o plain_o in_o his_o view_n we_o be_v far_o tell_v by_o our_o author_n that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n take_v in_o booty_n from_o the_o megalopolitan_o to_o the_o value_n of_o six_o thousand_o talent_n whereof_o two_o thousand_o according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n fall_v to_o the_o share_n of_o cleomenes_n now_o who_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o remarkable_a ignorance_n of_o this_o man_n touch_v the_o strength_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o greek_a town_n which_o be_v a_o matter_n wherein_o of_o all_o thing_n a_o historian_n ought_v to_o be_v most_o punctual_o instruct_v while_o i_o will_v be_v bold_a to_o aver_v without_o exaggeration_n that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v impossible_a to_o find_v the_o amount_v of_o that_o sum_n in_o all_o peloponnesus_n set_v the_o slave_n only_o aside_o nor_o do_v i_o assert_v it_o from_o the_o poverty_n of_o the_o country_n that_o have_v be_v robe_v and_o ruin_v by_o the_o macedonian_a king_n and_o more_o by_o the_o mighty_a devastation_n of_o their_o own_o civil_a dissension_n but_o i_o be_o bold_a to_o descend_v to_o the_o time_n wherein_o we_o now_o behold_v it_o flourish_v in_o union_n and_o raise_v to_o the_o great_a height_n of_o prosperity_n in_o a_o word_n it_o may_v be_v calculate_v by_o what_o i_o be_o about_o to_o say_v whether_o what_o i_o undertake_v to_o prove_v be_v without-book_a or_o no._n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o man_n so_o ignorant_a that_o do_v not_o know_v that_o when_o the_o achaian_n and_o theban_n join_v in_o war_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o form_v a_o land-army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o man_n and_o a_o naval_a one_o of_o one_o hundred_o vessel_n they_o come_v to_o a_o resolution_n each_o one_o to_o contribute_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war_n in_o proportion_n to_o his_o riches_n and_o possession_n and_o that_o thereupon_o a_o estimate_n and_o valuation_n be_v make_v of_o all_o that_o be_v appraisable_v throughout_o the_o attic_a territory_n comprehend_v land_n building_n good_n treasure_n etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o that_o calculation_n the_o whole_a value_n amount_v to_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o talent_n short_a of_o six_o thousand_o from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v whether_o we_o have_v reason_n or_o not_o to_o say_v what_o
fortify_v one_o part_n of_o his_o camp_n here_o he_o remain_v some_o day_n the_o better_a to_o acquaint_v himself_o with_o the_o ground_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o enemy_n feign_v to_o attack_v they_o now_o in_o one_o place_n now_o in_o another_o march_v round_o they_o to_o give_v they_o the_o great_a terror_n but_o perceive_v every_o post_n to_o be_v well-gaurded_n and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o find_v any_o one_o place_n that_o may_v encourage_v he_o to_o attempt_v they_o cleomenes_z being_z vigilant_a and_o wary_o watch_v his_o motion_n and_o always_o present_a at_o every_o place_n of_o importance_n he_o than_o change_v his_o purpose_n till_o at_o length_n the_o two_o general_n come_v to_o agree_v to_o join_v battle_n for_o it_o be_v bruit_v about_o that_o fortune_n have_v make_v choice_n of_o these_o two_o great_a man_n equal_a in_o skill_n and_o bravery_n to_o try_v the_o mastery_n one_o against_o the_o other_o antigonus_n order_v the_o macedonian_n who_o carry_v buckler_n of_o brass_n mingle_v among_o they_o the_o illyrian_a cohort_n to_o march_v against_o those_o on_o mount_n eva_n these_o be_v command_v by_o alexander_n son_n of_o acmetus_n and_o demetrius_n the_o pharian_a in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o he_o range_v the_o cretan_n and_o acarnanian_o who_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o body_n of_o reserve_n consist_v of_o two_o thousand_o achaian_n towards_o the_o river_n he_o order_v the_o horse_n who_o be_v to_o engage_v those_o of_o the_o enemy_n under_o the_o command_n of_o alexander_n and_o on_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o horse_n he_o appoint_v a_o thousand_o achaian_n and_o as_o many_o megalopolitan_o while_o he_o himself_o resolve_v to_o attack_v olympus_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o macedonian_n and_o mercinary_n know_v that_o cleomenes_n be_v there_o he_o order_v the_o mercenary_n to_o have_v the_o van_n and_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n to_o sustain_v they_o following-by_a platton_n whereunto_o they_o be_v compel_v through_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o illyrian_n who_o pass_v the_o river_n gorgylus_n over_o night_n and_o be_v post_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v order_v to_o begin_v the_o battle_n for_o which_o they_o be_v to_o receive_v a_o signal_n by_o a_o white_a flag_n that_o shall_v be_v spread_v from_o the_o near_a post_n they_o have_v to_o olympus_n and_o the_o signal_n that_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o megalopolitan_o and_o the_o horse_n be_v a_o purple_a cassock_n or_o coat_n which_o be_v to_o be_v wave_v in_o the_o air_n where_o antigonus_n himself_o be_v post_v when_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o a_o readiness_n the_o signal_n be_v give_v to_o the_o illyrian_n and_o after_o they_o have_v encourage_v each_o other_o they_o advance_v towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o begin_v to_o ascend_v the_o mountain_n while_o the_o foot_n which_o cleomenes_n have_v mingle_v with_o the_o horse_n observe_v that_o the_o achaean_n cohort_n be_v follow_v with_o no_o reserve_n or_o troop_n to_o sustain_v they_o advance_v present_o upon_o they_o and_o charge_v they_o in_o flank_n and_o much_o gall_v those_o who_o be_v endeavour_v to_o gain_v the_o mountain_n at_o the_o same_o time_n euclidas_n who_o be_v post_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n press_v they_o in_o front_n and_o the_o mercinary_n warm_o attack_v their_o rear_n philopoemen_n a_o megalopolitan_a observe_v this_o disorder_n present_o conceive_v what_o will_v be_v the_o issue_n according_o he_o tell_v his_o opinion_n to_o the_o commander_n in_o chief_a of_o the_o danger_n these_o troop_n be_v in_o but_o observe_v they_o give_v no_o heed_n to_o his_o advice_n be_v then_o but_o young_a and_o have_v never_o yet_o bear_v any_o command_n he_o therefore_o after_o he_o have_v encourage_v his_o country_n man_n attack_v with_o incredible_a bravery_n the_o enemy_n horse_n this_o action_n force_v the_o mercinary_n who_o have_v fall_v on_o the_o illyrian_n flank_n to_o retire_v to_o their_o relief_n which_o be_v their_o proper_a post_n who_o observe_v they_o to_o be_v now_o engage_v and_o retreat_v from_o those_o who_o they_o have_v before_o attack_v hasten_v to_o sustain_v they_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o illyrian_n and_o macedonian_n and_o all_o those_o who_o be_v march_v up_o the_o mountain_n be_v deliver_v from_o the_o obstacle_n that_o retard_v their_o motion_n and_o now_o resolute_o advance_v on_o the_o enemy_n and_o it_o afterward_o appear_v that_o their_o success_n against_o euclidas_n be_v owe_v to_o philopoemen_n and_o it_o be_v report_v that_o after_o the_o battle_n antigonus_n the_o better_a to_o try_v alexander_n ask_v he_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o he_o adventure_v to_o engage_v before_o he_o receive_v the_o signal_n and_o that_o alexander_n shall_v reply_v it_o be_v not_o by_o his_o order_n but_o that_o a_o certain_a young_a man_n of_o megalopolis_n have_v be_v the_o occasion_n without_o any_o direction_n from_o he_o and_o that_o antigonus_n reply_v thereupon_o that_o that_o young_a man_n have_v judge_v right_o of_o the_o occasion_n of_o victory_n and_o have_v do_v the_o part_n of_o a_o good_a captain_n and_o that_o alexander_n have_v act_v like_o a_o young_a soldier_n and_o now_o euclidas_n observe_v the_o illyrian_a cohort_n to_o approach_v forget_v as_o one_o may_v say_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n where_o he_o be_v post_v for_o it_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o experience_a leader_n when_o they_o be_v post_v on_o superior_a ground_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o move_v towards_o they_o and_o improve_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o shock_n that_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o hill_n lend_v they_o thereby_o to_o give_v the_o great_a terror_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o then_o if_o necessity_n oblige_v they_o slow_o to_o retire_v and_o gain_v the_o summet_n of_o the_o hill_n for_o by_o disorder_v thus_o the_o enemy_n and_o deprive_v they_o of_o the_o advantage_n they_o promise_v themselves_o by_o their_o different_a sort_n of_o arm_n and_o the_o order_n in_o which_o they_o march_v it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v hard_o for_o he_o to_o have_v force_v they_o down_o the_o hill_n so_o commodious_o post_v as_o he_o be_v but_o euclidas_n perform_v nothing_o of_o all_o this_o but_o act_v rather_o direct_o contrary_a and_o as_o if_o to_o do_v nothing_o at_o all_o will_v conduce_v to_o the_o victory_n he_o remain_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n where_o he_o be_v first_o post_v imagine_v it_o to_o be_v his_o duty_n there_o to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o the_o end_n that_o when_o he_o shall_v have_v defeat_v they_o they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o entangle_v and_o obstruct_v in_o their_o flight_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o precipice_n and_o the_o break_a ground_n of_o the_o mountain_n but_o it_o happen_v quite_o otherwise_o than_o he_o have_v conjecture_v for_o while_o he_o have_v so_o place_v himself_o that_o he_o have_v leave_v no_o room_n behind_o he_o to_o retire_v he_o find_v himself_o oblige_v to_o fight_v and_o defend_v himself_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n against_o the_o entire_a unbroken_a body_n of_o the_o illyrian_a cohort_n who_o he_o have_v permit_v to_o gain_v the_o top_n and_o be_v now_o advance_v towards_o he_o on_o level_a ground_n so_o that_o he_o become_v a_o easy_a conquest_n to_o the_o illyrian_n have_v no_o ground_n whereon_o to_o make_v a_o orderly_a retreat_n all_o behind_o he_o be_v rock_n and_o precipice_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o horse_n be_v warm_o engage_v where_o the_o achaian_n perform_v all_o that_o can_v be_v look_v for_o in_o the_o like_a occasion_n for_o they_o know_v this_o battle_n do_v as_o it_o be_v decide_v their_o liberty_n but_o philopoemen_n be_v remarkable_a above_o all_o the_o rest_n who_o horse_n be_v first_o kill_v under_o he_o and_o afterward_o fight_v among_o the_o foot_n he_o be_v there_o strike_v through_o both_o his_o thigh_n at_o one_o stroke_n on_o the_o other-side_n the_o two_o prince_n begin_v the_o battle_n on_o mount_n olympus_n with_o their_o light-armed_a soldier_n and_o their_o mercenary_n consist_v of_o about_o five_o thousand_o on_o each_o part_n sometime_o they_o fight_v by_o party_n and_o then_o again_o encounter_v with_o gross_a body_n but_o with_o great_a resolution_n on_o both_o side_n the_o action_n be_v under_o the_o eye_n of_o their_o master_n and_o in_o view_n of_o both_o army_n sometime_o they_o mingle_v and_o fight_v man_n to_o man_n and_o then_o troop_v against_o troop_n but_o howsoever_o it_o happen_v they_o fight_v with_o wonderful_a resolution_n during_o this_o variety_n of_o action_n cleomenes_n receive_v notice_n that_o his_o brother_n be_v beat_v out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o that_o the_o horse_n that_o fight_v in_o the_o plain_n begin_v to_o give_v ground_n so_o that_o fear_v to_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o enemy_n on_o all_o side_n he_o be_v
on_o his_o march_n in_o the_o enemy_n rear_n and_o keep_v always_o near_o he_o ever_o encamp_v on_o proper_a ground_n for_o his_o purpose_n which_o he_o very_o well_o know_v how_o to_o choose_v have_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v supply_v from_o the_o place_n behind_o he_o with_o what_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o he_o never_o adventure_v his_o soldier_n abroad_o to_o forage_v nor_o permit_v they_o so_o much_o as_o to_o be_v see_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n wherefore_o be_v enclose_v continual_o within_o their_o rampart_n and_o perpetual_o on_o the_o watch_n to_o spy_v any_o advantage_n by_o the_o mean_v he_o surprise_v and_o cut_v off_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o chaneed_a to_o straggle_v any_o distance_n from_o their_o camp_n or_o who_o out_o of_o contempt_n of_o the_o roman_n forage_v near_o they_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o diminish_v his_o enemy_n number_n and_o breed_v courage_n and_o assurance_n in_o his_o own_o soldier_n and_o by_o these_o little_a combat_n and_o rencounter_n teach_v they_o to_o recover_v their_o spirit_n which_o be_v much_o sink_v by_o their_o late_a calamity_n whereby_o those_o who_o have_v be_v hitherto_o vanquish_v may_v begin_v not_o to_o despair_v of_o victory_n but_o nothing_o can_v draw_v he_o to_o come_v to_o a_o pitch_a field_n while_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n minutius_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v neither_o of_o his_o judgement_n nor_o humour_n for_o he_o lean_v constant_o to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o multitude_n make_v a_o little_a too_o bold_a with_o the_o dictator_n in_o his_o discourse_n represent_v he_o as_o a_o flow_n and_o bashful_a man_n while_o he_o for_o his_o part_n be_v of_o another_o temper_n ready_a to_o enterprise_v any_o thing_n and_o willing_a to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n after_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v waste_v the_o country_n round_o about_o as_o we_o but_o now_o mention_v they_o pass_v the_o apennines_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o sannite_n a_o fertile_a soil_n and_o where_o for_o a_o long_a time_n they_o have_v feel_v nothing_o of_o the_o desolation_n of_o war._n here_o they_o meet_v with_o such_o abundance_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o consume_v the_o store_n either_o by_o their_o expense_n or_o their_o malice_n they_o plunder_v likewise_o the_o land_n of_o the_o beneventine_n where_o there_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o roman_n and_o take_v the_o city_n of_o venosa_fw-la albeit_o a_o strong_a town_n and_o furnish_v for_o defence_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o roman_n follow_v their_o step_n keep_v within_o a_o day_n march_v or_o two_o at_o most_o of_o they_o but_o approach_v not_o near_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a dispose_v to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n whereupon_o when_o hannibal_n find_v that_o fabius_n will_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o fight_v he_o resolve_v to_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o falernum_fw-la a_o town_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o capua_n conclude_v that_o one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n will_v thereby_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v namely_o that_o either_o he_o shall_v compel_v the_o enemy_n to_o give_v he_o battle_n or_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n it_o will_v be_v make_v manifest_a to_o all_o the_o world_n he_o be_v their_o superior_a and_o that_o the_o roman_n want_v resolution_n to_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o reckon_v that_o the_o town_n and_o city_n will_v be_v terrify_v into_o submission_n and_o to_o abandon_v the_o roman_n for_o notwithstanding_o hannibal_n two_o victory_n there_o be_v not_o yet_o one_o italian_a town_n that_o have_v take_v part_n with_o he_o but_o preserve_v their_o faith_n entire_a to_o the_o roman_n though_o some_o be_v hard_o press_v and_o streighten_v by_o the_o enemy_n from_o whence_o may_v be_v gather_v what_o deference_n and_o veneration_n they_o have_v for_o the_o roman_a government_n nor_o do_v hannibal_n take_v this_o resolution_n rash_o and_o without_o ripe_a deliberation_n for_o the_o champaign_n country_n about_o capua_n be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o rich_a and_o most_o beautiful_a soil_n in_o the_o world_n furthermore_n it_o border_n on_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o italy_n hold_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a country_n over_o and_o above_o these_o encouragement_n the_o noble_a and_o most_o beautiful_a town_n of_o all_o italy_n be_v find_v here_o namely_o on_o the_o sea-coast_n sinuessa_n cuma_n puzzola_n naples_n and_o nuceria_n on_o the_o frontier_n towards_o the_o west_n calenum_n and_o theano_n towards_o the_o southeast_n apulia_n and_o nola._n capua_n be_v situate_a in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o country_n and_o surpass_v heretofore_o in_o riches_n and_o luxury_n all_o other_o city_n so_o much_o like_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o fable_n that_o be_v record_v of_o this_o delicious_a territory_n know_v likewise_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o phlegraean-field_n with_o those_o fame_v in_o greece_n for_o their_o beauty_n and_o amoenity_n in_o short_a it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v principal_o for_o this_o happy_a country_n that_o the_o god_n once_o contend_v furthermore_o this_o country_n be_v fortify_v by_o nature_n and_o the_o access_n to_o it_o difficult_a for_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n it_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o by_o a_o chain_n of_o continue_a mountain_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v but_o three_o avenue_n to_o it_o and_o these_o very_a straight_a and_o difficult_a over_o the_o say_a mountain_n the_o first_o be_v that_o which_o lead_v to_o samnium_n the_o second_o to_o eribanus_n and_o the_o three_o from_o the_o country_n of_o the_o hirpins_n wherefore_o the_o carthaginian_a be_v not_o without_o hope_n that_o if_o he_o can_v compass_v the_o conquest_n of_o this_o part_n of_o italy_n he_o shall_v be_v able_a from_o thence_o to_o awe_v all_o the_o world_n beside_o and_o bring_v a_o contempt_n on_o his_o fluggish_a enemy_n who_o have_v not_o the_o courage_n to_o forbid_v he_o and_o that_o no_o body_n will_v then_o doubt_v but_o he_o be_v in_o effect_n master_n of_o all_o without_o the_o roman_a retrenchment_n hannibal_n wrought_v on_o by_o these_o reason_n have_v leave_v samnium_n and_o gain_v his_o passage_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o mountain_n call_v eribanus_n he_o encamp_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n athurnus_n which_o divide_v and_o run_v through_o that_o part_n of_o campania_n that_o regard_v italy_n and_o from_o hence_o forage_v and_o make_v devastation_n in_o the_o country_n round_o about_o none_o appear_v to_o impeach_v he_o while_o fabius_n though_o wonder_v at_o the_o temerity_n of_o his_o project_n hold_v the_o fast_a to_o his_o first_o determination_n but_o minutius_n on_o the_o contrary_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prime_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n persuade_v they_o have_v now_o coop'd-up_a the_o enemy_n become_v very_o instant_a that_o they_o may_v hasten_v their_o march_n into_o campania_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v support_v that_o hannibal_n shall_v without_o control_n pillage_n and_o destroy_v the_o best_a and_o most_o flourish_a part_n of_o italy_n whereupon_o fabius_n make_v show_v of_o be_v reason_v into_o their_o opinion_n and_o feign_v to_o be_v as_o forward_o to_o find_v out_o the_o enemy_n and_o give_v he_o battle_n as_o they_o be_v till_o he_o have_v get_v into_o the_o country_n whither_o he_o march_v the_o army_n with_o great_a expedition_n but_o when_o he_o draw_v near_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o falernians_n he_o content_v himself_o with_o bare_o make_v a_o appearance_n with_o his_o army_n along_o the_o mountain_n and_o to_o keep_v pace_n with_o the_o enemy_n fear_v lest_o their_o ally_n shall_v think_v that_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o dread_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n confine_v themselves_o entire_o to_o their_o camp_n nevertheless_o he_o adventure_v not_o into_o the_o plain_a country_n but_o continue_v to_o shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n for_o the_o reason_n already_o render_v and_o for_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n much_o outnumbered_a they_o in_o horse_n wherefore_o after_o hannibal_n have_v challenge_v the_o roman_n by_o all_o sort_n of_o provocation_n and_o indignity_n plunder_v all_o campania_n and_o amass_v a_o mighty_a booty_n he_o begin_v to_o consult_v about_o decamp_v resolve_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o part_v with_o his_o spoil_n but_o to_o convey_v it_o to_o some_o fase_n place_n where_o he_o shall_v keep_v his_o winter-quarter_n to_o the_o end_n his_o army_n may_v not_o only_o have_v a_o present_a enjoyment_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o travail_n but_o a_o prospect_n of_o plenty_n of_o every_o good_a thing_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v fabius_n then_o collect_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o return_v by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v conclude_v to_o waylay_v he_o by_o a_o ambush_n in_o the_o desile_n
have_v live_v to_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n the_o part_n of_o a_o able_a and_o virtuous_a citizen_n and_o especial_o in_o this_o occasion_n the_o roman_n resist_v yet_o a_o while_n but_o as_o their_o man_n fall_v their_o ground_n by_o degree_n become_v more_o and_o more_o straighten_v till_o at_o length_n they_o be_v so_o huddle_v up_o that_o they_o have_v not_o space_n to_o move_v and_o wield_v their_o arm_n so_o they_o be_v all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n the_o two_o consul_n of_o the_o precede_a year_n likewise_o fall_v in_o this_o occasion_n man_n of_o great_a reputation_n for_o their_o wisdom_n and_o probity_n and_o who_o in_o this_o action_n give_v noble_a proof_n of_o the_o power_n and_o extent_n of_o roman_a virtue_n while_o matter_n pass_v thus_o here_o the_o numidian_n who_o go_v in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o roman_a horse_n kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o and_o take_v some_o prisoner_n a_o few_o get_v into_o venusia_n and_o among_o these_o the_o consul_n terentius_n varro_n a_o person_n every_o way_n unworthy_a and_o who_o be_v choose_v into_o the_o magistracy_n for_o a_o curse_n to_o his_o country_n this_o issue_n have_v the_o field_n of_o cannae_n famous_a for_o the_o number_n of_o illustrious_a man_n there_o present_a on_o both_o side_n as_o well_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o vanquish_a as_o the_o victor_n and_o certain_o the_o action_n itself_o witness_v its_o own_o greatness_n for_o of_o six_o thousand_o roman_a horse_n there_o escape_v no_o more_o than_o seventy_o who_o get_v with_o the_o consul_n into_o venusia_n and_o about_o three_o hundred_o of_o the_o ally_n some_o by_o one_o mean_n some_o by_o another_o as_o to_o the_o foot_n ten_o thousand_o be_v make_v prisoner_n who_o be_v not_o in_o the_o action_n of_o the_o rest_n not_o above_o three_o thousand_o escape_v all_o the_o rest_n die_v brave_o with_o their_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o the_o number_n of_o seventy_o thousand_o in_o a_o word_n the_o great_a advantage_n the_o enemy_n have_v in_o horse_n main_o contribute_v to_o their_o success_n and_o prositable_a instruction_n may_v be_v gather_v by_o remark_v from_o hence_o that_o it_o be_v more_o safe_a to_o fight_v with_o one_o hals_fw-ge the_o number_n of_o foot_n less_o while_o you_o exceed_v the_o enercy_n in_o horse_n than_o to_o have_v both_o side_n equal_a in_o foot_n and_o horse_n in_o a_o battle_n but_o this_o victory_n come_v not_o cheap_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n for_o there_o die_v in_o battle_n on_o their_o part_n four_o thousand_o gaul_n fifteen_o hundred_o spaniard_n and_o african_n and_o about_o two_o hundred_o of_o their_o horse_n the_o roman_n who_o be_v take_v prisoner_n be_v not_o in_o the_o battle_n for_o aemilius_n have_v leave_v then_o in_o the_o camp_n with_o order_n to_o march_v and_o attack_v that_o of_o the_o enemy_n after_o the_o battle_n shall_v begin_v thereby_o to_o become_v master_n of_o their_o store_n and_o ammunition_n in_o case_n hannibal_n shall_v chance_v to_o leave_v his_o camp_n without_o a_o good_a guard_n and_o in_o case_n he_o do_v he_o be_v sure_a to_o find_v his_o army_n thereby_o diminish_v and_o the_o roman_n with_o less_o business_n on_o their_o hand_n these_o than_o be_v take_v much_o after_o this_o manner_n though_o hannibal_n leave_v not_o his_o camp_n without_o a_o good_a guard_n nevertheless_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o battle_n begin_v the_o roman_n pursuant_n to_o their_o order_n march_v to_o the_o attack_z the_o carthaginian_n for_o a_o while_n gallant_o oppose_v they_o but_o at_o length_n when_o they_o be_v on_o the_o point_n of_o yield_v to_o the_o superior_a force_n of_o the_o enemy_n hannibal_n who_o be_v by_o that_o time_n master_n of_o the_o field_n come_v in_o to_o their_o relief_n and_o rout_v the_o roman_n force_v they_o to_o take_v refuge_n in_o their_o own_o camp_n of_o these_o be_v kill_v about_o two_o thousand_o the_o rest_n be_v take_v alive_a such_o as_o be_v scatter_v and_o disperse_v about_o the_o country_n and_o have_v get_v into_o fortify_v place_n share_v no_o better_a fortune_n for_o the_o numidian_n attack_v they_o wherever_o they_o go_v take_v to_o the_o number_n of_o two_o thousand_o of_o their_o horse_n prisoner_n as_o we_o before_o note_v the_o issue_n of_o this_o battle_n prove_v in_o effect_n what_o either_o party_n foresee_v for_o the_o carthaginian_n thereby_o become_v soon_o possess_v in_o a_o manner_n at_o least_o of_o all_o that_o part_n of_o italy_n call_v the_o ancient_a province_n and_o magna-graecia_n those_o of_o tarentum_n the_o arpinate_v and_o some_o capuan_n put_v themselves_o present_o into_o their_o hand_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n give_v manifest_a sign_n of_o their_o good_a inclination_n towards_o they_o nor_o be_v hannibal_n in_o doubt_n but_o that_o rome_n itself_o will_v be_v his_o on_o the_o first_o attempt_n while_o the_o roman_n become_v now_o desperate_a after_o this_o defeat_n of_o preserve_v their_o dominion_n of_o italy_n and_o under_o these_o agitation_n terrify_v at_o once_o at_o their_o own_o and_o country_n danger_n expect_v every_o moment_n to_o see_v hannibal_n at_o their_o gate_n and_o as_o if_o fortune_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v they_o drink_v the_o dregs_n of_o this_o bitter_a cup_n they_o receive_v news_n short_o after_o while_o the_o city_n be_v sink_v under_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o adversity_n that_o their_o praetor_n who_o they_o have_v send_v to_o the_o cisalpine_a gaul_n be_v himself_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n rout_v and_o cut_v off_o by_o a_o ambush_n they_o have_v lay_v in_o his_o way_n howbeit_o the_o senate_n desert_v not_o their_o duty_n in_o this_o exigent_n they_o call_v on_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o strengthen_v the_o work_n of_o the_o city_n and_o give_v all_o those_o needful_a order_n which_o their_o circumstance_n will_v permit_v as_o by_o the_o success_n soon_o appear_v and_o though_o in_o truth_n the_o whole_a world_n be_v now_o witness_n that_o the_o roman_n at_o this_o time_n be_v vanquish_v and_o give_v place_n in_o military_a reputation_n to_o their_o enemy_n nevertheless_o it_o will_v also_o be_v confess_v that_o what_o by_o their_o constancy_n of_o mind_n and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o their_o counsel_n they_o overcome_v at_o length_n these_o their_o conqueror_n and_o not_o only_o rescue_v their_o country_n but_o add_v not_o long_o after_o to_o their_o recovery_n of_o italy_n the_o conquest_n of_o the_o world_n here_o than_o we_o have_v think_v it_o proper_a to_o sinish_v this_o book_n which_o contain_v so_o many_o memorable_a tranfaction_n as_o well_o in_o spain_n as_o italy_n during_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n and_o when_o we_o shall_v have_v speak_v of_o the_o occurrence_n of_o greece_n during_o the_o same_o olympiad_n we_o shall_v then_o return_v to_o rome_n and_o discourse_n at_o large_a on_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n be_v persuade_v that_o such_o remark_n as_o may_v be_v thence_o collect_v will_v not_o only_o be_v find_v worthy_a the_o pen_n of_o a_o historian_n but_o of_o excellent_a use_n both_o to_o those_o who_o will_v improve_v their_o mind_n in_o such_o contemplation_n as_o other_o who_o be_v actual_o in_o the_o ministry_n of_o public_a affair_n as_o well_o for_o the_o correct_v the_o error_n of_o present_a government_n as_o the_o form_n and_o sound_v of_o new_a commonwealth_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o volume_n a_o catalogue_n of_o book_n print_v for_o rich._n wellington_n at_o the_o lute_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n and_o sam._n briscoe_n near_o coventgarden_n the_o italian_a voyage_n or_o a_o complete_a journey_n through_o italy_n in_o two_o part_n be_v a_o exact_a character_n of_o the_o people_n and_o a_o description_n of_o the_o chief_a town_n church_n monastery_n tomb_n library_n palace_n villa_n garden_n picture_n statue_n antiquity_n as_o also_o of_o the_o interest_n government_n rule_n force_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o the_o prince_n by_o richard_n laswell_n gent_n the_o second_o edition_n with_o large_a addition_n by_o a_o modern_a name_n a_o discourse_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o faculty_n of_o man_n in_o several_a essay_n with_o some_o consideration_n on_o the_o occurrence_n of_o humane_a life_n by_o tim._n nourse_n gent._n familiar_a letter_n write_v by_o john_n late_a earl_n of_o rochester_n to_o the_o honourable_a henry_n savile_n esq_n and_o several_a other_o person_n of_o quality_n with_o love-letter_n write_v by_o the_o ingenuous_a mr._n otway_n with_o several_a other_o letter_n write_v by_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n sir_n george_n etheridge_n and_o mr._n tho_n brown_n in_o 2_o vol._n each_o may_v be_v have_v single_o the_o history_n and_o novel_n of_o the_o late_a ingenuous_a mrs._n anne_n behn_n vol._n i._o viz._n oroonoko_n or_o the_o royal_a slave_n the_o fair_a gild_a or_o prince_n tarquin_n agnes_n de_fw-fr castro_n or_o the_o force_n of_o generous_a love_n the_o lover_n
arm_n against_o the_o messenian_n who_o have_v long_o give_v occasion_n enough_o by_o their_o enter_v into_o security_n to_o the_o macedonian_n and_o achaian_n to_o take_v part_n with_o they_o in_o all_o their_o erterprise_n thus_o he_o prevail_v with_o scopas_n and_o his_o friend_n and_o wrought_v so_o far_o upon_o they_o that_o without_o attend_v the_o resolution_n of_o a_o general_a convention_n of_o the_o aetolian_n or_o so_o much_o as_o impart_v their_o purpose_n to_o the_o magistrate_n in_o be_v or_o make_v any_o one_o step_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n they_o do_v at_o once_o and_o of_o their_o own_o head_n in_o effect_n declare_v war_n against_o the_o messenian_n epirot_n achaian_n acarnanians_n and_o macedonian_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o send_v out_o their_o fleet_n of_o pilserer_n to_o infest_v the_o adjacent_a sea_n who_o meet_v with_o a_o ship_n of_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n off_o of_o cythera_n make_v prize_n of_o she_o and_o carry_v she_o into_o port_n sell_v both_o the_o ship_n and_o her_o company_n in_o short_a they_o proceed_v to_o plunder_v all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o epirus_n employ_v for_o that_o service_n vessel_n of_o cephallania_n and_o make_v a_o attempt_n on_o thyrea_n a_o town_n of_o acarnania_n afterward_o dispatch_v troop_n by_o secret_a way_n into_o peloponnesus_n they_o surprise_v and_o keep_v possession_n of_o a_o fortress_n call_v clarium_fw-la in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_a territory_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o for_o a_o retreat_n and_o place_n of_o refuge_n and_o to_o lodge_v and_o secure_v their_o plunder_n but_o some_o time_n after_o they_o lose_v it_o again_o to_o timoxenus_n praetor_n of_o the_o achaian_n assist_v by_o taurion_n who_o have_v be_v leave_v by_o antigonus_n on_o his_o departure_n out_o of_o peloponnesus_n to_o administer_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n in_o those_o part_n for_o antigonus_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o corinth_n which_o he_o take_v and_o hold_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o achain_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o have_v not_o restore_v orchomenus_n which_o be_v have_v take_v by_o force_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n keep_v it_o still_o in_o his_o hand_n and_o hold_v it_o for_o his_o own_o his_o motive_n it_o may_v be_v presume_v for_o so_o do_v be_v not_o only_o to_o preserve_v by_o that_o mean_n a_o easy_a ingress_n into_o peloponnesus_n but_o to_o be_v able_a by_o keep_v a_o garrison_n in_o orchomenus_n to_o secure_v and_o awe_v the_o neighbour_a territory_n to_o better_a obedience_n dorimachus_n and_o scopas_n then_o choose_v their_o time_n when_o the_o praetor_n timoxenus_n be_v upon_o resign_v up_o his_o charge_n and_o aratus_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v he_o not_o yet_o invest_v in_o the_o authority_n call_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o aetolian_n in_o rhium_n and_o have_v give_v their_o order_n to_o have_v the_o cephallenian_a vessel_n in_o a_o readiness_n they_o embark_v their_o troop_n and_o transport_v they_o into_o peloponnesus_n take_v their_o march_n towards_o messina_n and_o pass_v through_o the_o territory_n of_o patroe_v pharoe_n and_o tritoea_n they_o make_v show_v to_o the_o achaian_n of_o have_v no_o design_n to_o molest_v they_o in_o their_o passage_n howbeit_o the_o covetous_a soldier_n withhold_v not_o their_o hand_n but_o plunder_v and_o spoil_v the_o country_n every_o where_o as_o they_o go_v till_o they_o come_v to_o phigalea_n this_o town_n they_o make_v their_o place_n of_o arm_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o war_n and_o from_o hence_o make_v their_o inroad_n on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o messenian_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o the_o right_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o ancient_a friendship_n and_o alliance_n that_o have_v be_v make_v and_o continue_v between_o they_o but_o lead_v by_o their_o avarice_n against_o all_o rule_n of_o honour_n or_o equity_n rob_v and_o spoil_v the_o country_n with_o impunity_n the_o messenian_n not_o find_v themselves_o of_o strength_n sufficient_a to_o adventure_v out_o against_o they_o the_o achaian_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n according_a to_o custom_n assemble_v at_o aegium_n where_o the_o patroean_n and_o pharoean_n prefer_v their_o complaint_n of_o the_o damage_n that_o have_v be_v do_v they_o by_o the_o aetolian_n in_o their_o march_n through_o their_o country_n the_o messenian_n likewise_o complain_v of_o their_o outrage_n and_o perfidious_a deal_v and_o send_v their_o deputy_n to_o pray_v speedy_a succour_n after_o the_o assembly_n have_v deliberate_v on_o these_o matter_n it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o resentment_n of_o those_o of_o patroe_v and_o pharoe_n be_v just_a and_o aught_o to_o be_v prosecute_v and_o that_o the_o case_n of_o the_o messenian_n be_v to_o be_v commiserate_v and_o it_o be_v especial_o agree_v that_o the_o state_n in_o general_n have_v be_v affront_v by_o this_o insolent_a proceed_n of_o the_o aetolian_n who_o have_v presume_v in_o hostile_a manner_n to_o enter_v upon_o achaia_n not_o only_o without_o their_o permission_n but_o against_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n whereupon_o just_o provoke_v by_o these_o infraction_n they_o resolve_v to_o send_v succour_n to_o the_o messenian_n and_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o praetor_n shall_v have_v put_v they_o in_o arm_n they_o will_v then_o proceed_v further_a to_o execute_v what_o shall_v be_v think_v expedient_a by_o the_o assembly_n timoxenus_n who_o be_v yet_o in_o the_o praetorship_n be_v not_o very_o well_o please_v with_o the_o expodition_n noâ—_n consequent_o with_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o assembly_n for_o his_o authority_n be_v not_o yet_o expire_v he_o have_v no_o mind_n to_o the_o command_n as_o have_v but_o a_o doubtful_a opinion_n of_o the_o achaean_n militia_n which_o have_v be_v long_o unexercised_a in_o arms._n for_o after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o cleomenes_n the_o peloponnesian_n weary_a of_o former_a war_n and_o believe_v the_o present_a peaceable_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n be_v likely_a to_o endure_v have_v total_o relinquish_v the_o trade_n of_o warfare_n and_o neglect_v the_o use_n of_o arms._n but_o aratus_n provoke_v at_o the_o indignity_n they_o have_v suffer_v by_o the_o audacious_a aetolian_n pursue_v the_o matter_n with_o another_o spirit_n nor_o be_v this_o the_o first_o occasion_n he_o have_v conveive_v of_o aversion_n to_o that_o people_n wherefore_o he_o lose_v no_o time_n in_o put_v the_o achaian_n under_o arm_n but_o determine_v to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n with_o the_o aetolian_n in_o a_o word_n five_o day_n before_o he_o be_v to_o enter_v on_o his_o charge_n timoxenus_n deliver_v up_o the_o seal_n he_o dispatch_v his_o order_n to_o all_o the_o town_n and_o city_n assign_v they_o a_o day_n when_o all_o their_o young_a man_n fit_a to_o carry_v arm_n shall_v assemble_v at_o megalopolis_n and_o here_o we_o have_v think_v it_o a_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o aratus_n to_o say_v something_o of_o he_o in_o particular_a aratus_n be_v endue_v with_o almost_o all_o the_o good_a quality_n that_o can_v be_v wish_v to_o compose_v a_o man_n for_o great_a and_o public_a employment_n he_o be_v able_a in_o the_o art_n of_o persuasion_n conceive_v right_o and_o ready_o execute_v and_o when_o it_o be_v prudent_a to_o be_v silent_a he_o very_o well_o know_v how_o to_o hold_v his_o peace_n he_o have_v not_o his_o equal_a in_o support_v with_o constancy_n the_o dissension_n of_o his_o fellow_n citizen_n second_o to_o none_o in_o compose_v they_o and_o artful_a in_o acquire_v friend_n and_o confederate_n he_o be_v subtle_a to_o contrive_v and_o conceal_v his_o secret_a practice_n and_o none_o better_a at_o devise_v stratagem_n and_o lay_v ambush_n against_o a_o enemy_n and_o in_o a_o word_n he_o compass_v the_o most_o difficult_a erterprise_n by_o patience_n and_o application_n whereof_o manifold_a instance_n may_v be_v enumerate_v namely_o and_o principal_o his_o surprise_v of_o sicyon_n and_o mantinoea_n his_o expel_v the_o aetolian_n out_o of_o pellene_n and_o his_o get_a possession_n of_o acro_fw-la corinth_n by_o intelligence_n and_o yet_o after_o all_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n in_o the_o field_n he_o be_v quite_o another_o man_n for_o as_o he_o be_v too_o slow_a in_o his_o resolution_n so_o be_v he_o too_o backward_o in_o danger_n and_o want_v assurance_n to_o look_v on_o any_o attempt_n that_o bear_v the_o least_o appearance_n of_o terror_n which_o be_v defect_n that_o give_v occasion_n of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o enemy_n who_o spoil_v and_o pillage_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o come_v once_o to_o know_v his_o unguarded_a part_n they_o never_o fail_v of_o succeed_v when_o they_o attack_v he_o there_o so_o true_a it_o be_v that_o nature_n have_v not_o only_o diversify_v man_n in_o their_o body_n and_o mind_n but_o triumph_n in_o dissimilitude_n of_o mind_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n who_o
choose_v to_o fight_v on_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o hill_n where_o his_o light-armed_a soldier_n only_o be_v bring_v to_o fight_v than_o which_o nothing_o can_v have_v be_v contrive_v more_o to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o aratus_n appear_v in_o the_o assembly_n and_o have_v first_o speak_v of_o the_o many_o service_n he_o have_v render_v the_o commonwealth_n he_o then_o reply_v to_o the_o reproach_n that_o have_v be_v utter_v against_o he_o and_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o loss_n they_o have_v sustain_v be_v not_o through_o his_o default_n nevertheless_o he_o beseech_v their_o pardon_n if_o he_o have_v be_v find_v want_v in_o any_o thing_n in_o that_o occasion_n and_o pray_v they_o will_v not_o censure_v he_o with_o more_o rigour_n than_o humanity_n in_o short_a he_o so_o wrought_v with_o the_o people_n that_o they_o grow_v enrage_v against_o those_o who_o have_v so_o violent_o prosecute_v he_o and_o it_o be_v long_o ever_o they_o forgive_v they_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n renew_v their_o good_a opinion_n of_o aratus_n they_o give_v themselves_o entire_o up_o to_o his_o counsel_n and_o conduct_v in_o all_o their_o future_a erterprise_n these_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o nine_o olympiad_n while_o what_o we_o have_v now_o further_o to_o deliver_v happen_v during_o that_o which_o follow_v the_o assembly_n then_o proceed_v to_o decree_n that_o ambassador_n shall_v be_v dispatch_v to_o the_o epirot_n boeotian_o acarnanian_o and_o to_o king_n philip_n to_o remonstrate_v to_o they_o that_o the_o aetolian_n have_v now_o the_o second_o time_n violate_v the_o general_a treaty_n have_v in_o hostile_a manner_n invade_v achaia_n and_o further_o to_o demand_v succour_n according_a to_o the_o covenant_n of_o the_o treaty_n and_o to_o move_v that_o the_o messenian_n may_v be_v take_v into_o the_o confederacy_n moreover_o they_o decree_v that_o their_o praetor_n shall_v raise_v a_o army_n of_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n that_o he_o shall_v march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o messenian_n in_o case_n the_o aetolian_n shall_v return_v to_o invade_v they_o and_o in_o conclusion_n come_v to_o a_o determination_n with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o messenian_n about_o the_o proportion_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n which_o they_o be_v to_o furnish_v respective_o towards_o the_o force_n that_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v for_o the_o general_a service_n of_o the_o war._n these_o thing_n be_v conclude_v the_o achaian_n who_o can_v not_o forget_v their_o late_a disgrace_n will_v not_o abandon_v the_o messenian_n nor_o the_o enterprise_n they_o have_v project_v the_o ambassador_n therefore_o acquit_v themselves_o of_o their_o commission_n the_o praetor_n levy_v troop_n among_o the_o achaian_n pursuant_n to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o state_n and_o conclude_v with_o the_o lacedoemonian_o and_o messenian_n that_o they_o shall_v each_o of_o they_o bring_v into_o the_o field_n two_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o horse_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v have_v a_o army_n on_o foot_n to_o answer_v any_o present_a occasion_n consist_v of_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n and_o a_o thousand_o horse_n the_o aetolian_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v not_o want_v to_o themselves_o who_o the_o day_n of_o their_o assembly_n now_o approach_a resolve_v to_o do_v their_o best_a to_o deal_v with_o the_o confederate_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o not_o only_o to_o endeavour_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o the_o ally_n but_o even_o with_o the_o achaian_n themselves_o on_o condition_n they_o will_v exclude_v the_o messenian_n and_o come_v to_o a_o resolution_n that_o in_o case_n they_o will_v not_o abandon_v they_o that_o then_o war_n shall_v be_v declare_v against_o they_o than_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v a_o more_o manifest_a injustice_n for_o be_v themselves_o in_o league_n with_o the_o achaian_n and_o messenian_n they_o denounce_v war_n against_o those_o in_o case_n they_o hold_v friendship_n with_o the_o other_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_n will_v enter_v into_o friendship_n with_o the_o achaian_n provide_v they_o will_v become_v enemy_n to_o the_o messenian_n but_o they_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o act_v such_o irregular_a part_n as_o these_o the_o epirot_n and_o king_n philip_n have_v understand_v the_o case_n of_o the_o messenian_n yield_v to_o their_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o confederacy_n and_o while_o they_o condemn_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o aetolian_n they_o be_v not_o surprise_v at_o the_o relation_n it_o be_v nothing_o new_a or_o contrary_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o people_n they_o conclude_v however_o to_o give_v no_o further_a proof_n of_o their_o resentment_n but_o resolve_v to_o continue_v at_o peace_n with_o they_o so_o much_o easy_a it_o be_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o injury_n do_v by_o those_o who_o have_v by_o a_o custom_n of_o transgress_v teach_v we_o to_o forgive_v than_o of_o such_o as_o take_v we_o by_o surprise_n and_o from_o who_o we_o can_v not_o have_v expect_v foul_a play_n thus_o the_o aetolian_n who_o be_v hold_v for_o the_o common_a outlaw_n and_o robber_n of_o greece_n and_o who_o manner_n it_o be_v to_o strike_v without_o warning_n and_o make_v war_n without_o any_o previous_a or_o public_a declaration_n disdain_v to_o make_v any_o apology_n for_o their_o do_n to_o those_o who_o have_v charge_v they_o with_o their_o injurious_a deal_v on_o the_o contrary_a they_o treat_v their_o accuser_n with_o mockery_n and_o contempt_n as_o to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o though_o they_o have_v be_v but_o late_o rescue_v from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o cleomenes_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o antigonus_n and_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o achaian_n nevertheless_o forget_v what_o they_o owe_v for_o that_o good_a office_n and_o the_o assurance_n they_o have_v give_v to_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o macedonian_n to_o enter_v into_o no_o engagement_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o achaian_n they_o secret_o notwithstanding_o send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o the_o aetolian_n and_o become_v their_o confederate_n and_o now_o when_o the_o achaian_n have_v form_v a_o army_n of_o their_o able_a man_n and_o the_o lacedoemonian_o and_o messenian_n have_v promise_v to_o bring_v in_o their_o quota_fw-la of_o succour_n behold_v a_o naval_a army_n arrive_v consist_v of_o ninety_o sail_n of_o ship_n from_o illyria_n under_o the_o command_n of_o scerdilaidas_n and_o demetrius_n of_o pharus_n who_o pass_v by_o the_o island_n which_o be_v the_o bound_n prescribe_v by_o the_o treaty_n with_o the_o roman_n make_v their_o first_o descent_n near_o pylus_n which_o they_o attack_v and_o after_o many_o fruitless_a attempt_n be_v repulse_v afterward_o demetrius_n with_o a_o fleet_n of_o fourscore_o sail_v proceed_v as_o far_o as_o the_o cyclades_n where_o he_o get_v money_n from_o some_o and_o plunder_v other_o of_o those_o island_n as_o to_o scerdilaidas_n he_o make_v sail_n direct_o for_o the_o coast_n of_o illyria_n and_o come_v to_o naupactus_n with_o a_o fleet_n of_o forty_o ship_n favour_v and_o encourage_v by_o amina_n king_n of_o the_o athamenes_n with_o who_o he_o be_v in_o alliance_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o procurement_n of_o agesilaus_n enter_v into_o condition_n touch_v the_o distribution_n of_o the_o plunder_n he_o engage_v to_o march_v against_o the_o achaian_n as_o soon_o as_o agesilaus_n dorimachus_n and_o scopas_n have_v finish_v this_o treaty_n with_o scerdilaidas_n and_o have_v give_v he_o the_o town_n of_o cynoetha_n for_o caution_n they_o march_v with_o the_o illyrian_n into_o achaia_n the_o aetolian_n be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n as_o good_a as_o they_o can_v possible_o raise_v ariston_n praetor_n of_o the_o aetolian_n during_o these_o agitation_n remain_v at_o home_n not_o only_o without_o act_v in_o any_o thing_n but_o seem_v ignorant_a of_o all_o that_o be_v do_v profess_v to_o be_v in_o amity_n with_o the_o achaian_n wherein_o he_o show_v himself_o a_o weak_a man_n and_o a_o slight_a minister_n for_o which_o way_n can_v he_o hope_v to_o conceal_v by_o word_n what_o be_v make_v by_o deed_n so_o public_a and_o notorious_a but_o in_o short_a he_o be_v hold_v by_o all_o the_o world_n for_o one_o of_o little_a worth_n dorimachus_n take_v his_o march_n through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o achaian_n come_v to_o cynaetha_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o town_n who_o be_v of_o arcadian_a extraction_n have_v be_v long_o vex_v with_o civil_a dissension_n and_o have_v express_v their_o hatred_n one_o to_o another_o by_o murder_n banishment_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o violence_n and_o have_v come_v to_o a_o resolution_n of_o make_v a_o division_n once_o again_o of_o their_o land_n and_o in_o short_a the_o faction_n that_o favour_v the_o achaian_n be_v at_o that_o time_n uppermost_a the_o power_n be_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o the_o governor_n himself_o be_v a_o
magazine_n together_o with_o all_o the_o timber_n marble_n brick_n tyle_n and_o all_o whatsoever_o material_n have_v be_v carry_v away_o for_o prusias_n apprehend_v the_o approach_n of_o tibite_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v dismantle_v all_o such_o place_n as_o may_v be_v of_o use_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o in_o a_o word_n oblige_v himself_o to_o cause_n restitution_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o mysian_o who_o be_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o byzantine_n of_o all_o that_o have_v be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o any_o of_o the_o bithynian_o thus_o be_v the_o war_n enter_v upon_o and_o determine_v that_o sell_v out_o between_o king_n prusias_n and_o the_o byzantine_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o cnossians_n send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o rhodian_o to_o demand_v the_o ship_n that_o polemocles_n have_v command_v together_o with_o four_o brigantine_n which_o they_o have_v lend_v they_o towards_o the_o war._n this_o be_v effect_v and_o the_o vessel_n arrive_v in_o candia_n the_o eleuthernaeans_n believe_v themselves_o to_o have_v be_v outrage_v by_o polemocles_n who_o to_o oblige_v the_o cnossians_n have_v cause_v timarchus_n a_o citizen_n of_o they_o to_o be_v slay_v have_v first_o public_o proclaim_v their_o right_n to_o demand_v reparation_n of_o this_o violence_n of_o the_o rhodian_o declare_a war_n against_o they_o there_o happen_v likewise_o some_o time_n before_o this_o a_o strange_a adventure_n to_o the_o lyttians_n or_o rather_o a_o incurable_a calamity_n to_o set_v down_o therefore_o in_o few_o word_n a_o state_n of_o the_o affair_n in_o candia_n in_o those_o day_n take_v they_o a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o as_o follow_v the_o cnossians_n and_o gortinian_o be_v in_o league_n have_v by_o combine_v their_o force_n subdue_v the_o whole_a island_n of_o candia_n the_o city_n of_o lyttia_n only_o except_v which_o stand_v single_o out_o against_o they_o and_o refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o their_o domination_n they_o agree_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o resolve_v total_o to_o destroy_v they_o to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o those_o who_o shall_v meditate_v the_o like_a design_n whereupon_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o candiot_n in_o general_n fall_v on_o the_o lyttians_n but_o it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o a_o slight_a occasion_n as_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o that_o people_n set_v they_o at_o variance_n among_o themselves_o so_o that_o faction_n be_v form_v and_o sedition_n grow_v between_o they_o the_o polyrrhenaean_n the_o creetaean_n the_o lampaean_n oryans_n and_o arcadian_n leave_v the_o cnossians_n and_o by_o common_a consent_n take_v part_n with_o the_o lyttians_n in_o gortinea_n the_o grave_n and_o experience_v inhabitant_n favour_v the_o cnossians_n but_o the_o young_a sort_n take_v part_n with_o the_o lyttians_n beget_v great_a disorder_n in_o the_o city_n the_o cnossians_n terrify_v at_o these_o commotion_n among_o their_o ally_n procure_v a_o aid_n of_o a_o thousand_o man_n from_o the_o aetolian_n whereupon_o the_o party_n that_o side_v with_o they_o get_v the_o citadel_n give_v it_o into_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o cnossians_n and_o the_o aetolian_n and_o after_o have_v slay_v some_o that_o oppose_v they_o and_o pursue_v some_o and_o terrify_v the_o rest_n they_o give_v they_o up_o the_o town_n likewise_o the_o lyttians_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n lead_v their_o troop_n into_o the_o enemy_n country_n while_o the_o cnossians_n get_v notice_n of_o their_o expedition_n march_v and_o surprise_v their_o town_n which_o they_o have_v leave_v with_o little_a or_o no_o guard_n the_o woman_n and_o child_n they_o send_v to_o cnossus_n but_o the_o town_n they_o burn_v and_o total_o destroy_v exercise_v all_o the_o spite_n and_o cruelty_n practise_v in_o the_o most_o rage_a war_n and_o so_o return_v home_o in_o triumph_n when_o the_o lyttians_n come_v from_o their_o expedition_n and_o behold_v the_o desolation_n of_o their_o city_n they_o be_v strike_v with_o that_o horror_n that_o not_o one_o of_o they_o adventure_v to_o set_v his_o foot_n within_o the_o wall_n but_o march_v in_o a_o body_n round_o the_o ruin_n celebrate_v as_o it_o be_v by_o their_o cry_n and_o lamentation_n the_o obsequy_n of_o their_o native_a place_n and_o then_o march_v away_o to_o the_o lampaean_n who_o receive_v they_o with_o all_o hospitality_n so_o that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o only_a one_o day_n they_o be_v banish_v their_o country_n which_o they_o have_v utter_o lose_v and_o receive_v as_o free_a citizen_n into_o another_o with_o who_o they_o incorporate_v and_o prosecute_v the_o war_n against_o the_o cnossians_n thus_o lyttia_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n the_o most_o ancient_a city_n of_o crect_n the_o mother_n of_o a_o people_n surpass_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o island_n in_o courage_n and_o virtue_n be_v destroy_v and_o disappear_v as_o one_o may_v say_v in_o a_o moment_n the_o polyrrhenaean_n and_o lampaeans_n and_o in_o short_a all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederate_n see_v the_o cnossians_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o aetolian_n for_o succour_n who_o they_o know_v to_o be_v enemy_n to_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o achaian_n dispatch_v their_o ambassador_n to_o these_o to_o solicit_v aid_n and_o make_v alliance_n with_o they_o with_o who_o enter_v into_o confederacy_n they_o send_v they_o four_o hundred_o illyrians_n under_o the_o command_n of_o plator_n two_o hundred_o achaian_n and_o a_o hundred_o phocian_o the_o arrival_n of_o these_o recruit_n wrought_v a_o great_a change_n for_o the_o better_a in_o their_o affair_n for_o they_o soon_o prevail_v with_o the_o elenthernaean_n cydoniates_n and_o apteraean_n who_o they_o have_v confine_v within_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o town_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o league_n and_o abandon_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o cnossians_n in_o a_o word_n the_o confederate_n follow_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o polyrrhenaean_n send_v to_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o achaian_n a_o supply_n of_o five_o hundred_o candiot_n the_o cnossians_n have_v some_o time_n before_o send_v a_o thousand_o of_o their_o people_n to_o the_o aetolian_n thus_o they_o interchange_v supply_v one_o with_o another_o to_o continue_v the_o war._n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o gortinean_n who_o be_v in_o banishment_n get_v possession_n of_o the_o port_n or_o haven_n and_o surprise_v that_o of_o the_o phaestians_n from_o thence_o they_o inse_v and_o wage_v war_n with_o those_o of_o their_o own_o city_n in_o this_o posture_n at_o that_o time_n stand_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o island_n of_o candia_n at_o the_o same_o time_n mithridates_n declare_v war_n against_o those_o of_o sinope_n which_o become_v in_o effect_n the_o occasion_n of_o all_o those_o calamity_n that_o afterward_o befall_v that_o city_n upon_o the_o sinopeans_n demand_v succour_n of_o the_o aetolian_n to_o sustain_v the_o waâ—_n the_o aetolian_n make_v choice_n of_o three_o person_n for_o that_o service_n to_o who_o they_o distribute_v the_o sum_n of_o about_o one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o drachma_n wherewith_o to_o purchase_v supply_n of_o all_o thing_n needful_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o place_n with_o this_o the_o say_v agent_n make_v provision_n of_o ten_o thousand_o vessel_n of_o wine_n three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o pound_v weight_n of_o hair-cordage_n a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pound_n of_o nerve-cordage_n a_o thousand_o suit_n of_o arm_n give_v their_o ambassador_n in_o money_n about_o three_o thousand_o piece_n of_o coin_v gold_n they_o likewise_o furnish_v they_o with_o four_o machine_n for_o cast_v of_o stone_n with_o man_n skilful_a in_o the_o use_n and_o management_n of_o they_o whereupon_o have_v receive_v this_o supply_n the_o agent_n return_v home_o those_o of_o sinope_n apprehend_v lest_o mithridates_n shall_v besiege_v they_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n that_o fear_n give_v occasion_n for_o the_o extraordinary_a preparation_n they_o make_v sinope_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o we_o sail_v towards_o phasis_n in_o the_o pontic_a sea_n it_o stand_v in_o a_o peninsula_n which_o stretch_v a_o good_a distance_n out_o into_o the_o sea_n the_o town_n fill_v the_o whole_a breadth_n of_o the_o peninsula_n which_o be_v join_v to_o the_o continent_n of_o asia_n by_o a_o neck_n of_o land_n not_o half_a a_o mile_n broad_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o peninsula_n advance_v i_o say_v far_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v everywhere_o low-land_n the_o town_n lie_v expose_v to_o be_v attack_v from_o that_o side_n the_o extremity_n of_o the_o seaward_o be_v with_o difficulty_n approach_v where_o scarce_o a_o single_a vessel_n can_v with_o safety_n adventure_v to_o the_o shoar_n and_o there_o be_v but_o few_o commodious_a place_n there_o for_o landing_n those_o of_o sinope_n then_o fear_v attempt_n of_o mithridates_n both_o by_o land_n with_o machine_n and_o to_o the_o seaward_o by_o land_v and_o possess_v the_o level_n and_o low_a ground_n which_o lie_v near_o the_o city_n they_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o fortify_v the_o whole_a
garrison_n that_o place_n wherefore_o philip_n compose_v a_o body_n of_o all_o the_o stranger-troop_n of_o the_o achaian_n the_o candiot_n that_o be_v with_o he_o some_o gaulish_a horse_n and_o two_o thousand_o choice_n achaean_n foot_n put_v they_o into_o dyma_n both_o for_o a_o reserve_n if_o occasion_n shall_v require_v and_o to_o strengthen_v and_o secure_v that_o place_n in_o case_n the_o elean_n shall_v have_v a_o mind_n to_o attempt_v any_o thing_n that_o way_n then_o send_v his_o dispatch_n to_o the_o messenian_n epirot_n acarnanian_o and_o scerdilaidas_n require_v they_o to_o hasten_v with_o their_o ship_n and_o meet_v he_o at_o cephalenia_n he_o part_v from_o patroe_v at_o a_o day_n prefix_v and_o come_v to_o pronos_fw-la a_o port_n of_o that_o island_n where_o observe_v the_o very_a great_a difficulty_n of_o succeed_v by_o lay_v siege_n to_o that_o place_n the_o country_n about_o it_o be_v very_o straight_o he_o proceed_v further_o and_o steer_v towards_o the_o town_n of_o palé_n here_o find_v plenty_n of_o corn_n on_o the_o ground_n whereby_o to_o sustain_v his_o army_n he_o disembark_v and_o sit_v down_o before_o that_o place_n draw_v his_o vessel_n ashore_o and_o secure_v they_o with_o a_o good_a ditch_n and_o palissado_n he_o send_v out_o his_o macedonian_n to_o forage_n while_o he_o approach_v to_o view_v the_o place_n whereby_o to_o make_v a_o judgement_n where_o he_o may_v best_o apply_v his_o engine_n to_o the_o wall_n it_o be_v his_o purpose_n there_o to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o confederate_a force_n and_o to_o become_v master_n of_o that_o place_n thereby_o to_o deprive_v the_o aetolian_n of_o the_o benefit_n it_o yield_v they_o for_o whenever_o they_o have_v any_o design_n of_o make_v a_o descent_n on_o peloponnesus_n or_o to_o plunder_v the_o coast_n of_o epirus_n or_o acarnania_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o vessel_n of_o cephalenia_n furthermore_o he_o consider_v this_o town_n will_v make_v a_o safe_a retreat_n both_o for_o himself_o and_o friend_n and_o be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o they_o in_o all_o their_o attempt_n on_o the_o enemy_n on_o that_o side_n for_o cephalenia_n stand_v not_o far_o from_o the_o gulf_n of_o corinth_n look_v likewise_o towards_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o peloponnesus_n that_o lie_v north_n and_o north-west_n and_o be_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n chief_o of_o the_o epirot_n elean_n aetolian_n and_o acarnanian_o who_o coast_n trend_v away_o west_n and_o south-west_n this_o town_n then_o lie_v so_o commodious_o for_o assemble_v the_o force_n of_o the_o confederate_n for_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n and_o protect_v of_o friend_n and_o ally_n the_o king_n be_v therefore_o very_o desirous_a to_o get_v the_o island_n into_o his_o possession_n after_o he_o have_v well_o consider_v that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o town_n be_v environ_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o rock_n that_o be_v inaccessible_a and_o that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o small_a spot_n of_o good_a ground_n lie_v towards_o the_o way_n of_o zacinthus_n whereby_o they_o may_v approach_v he_o therefore_o resolve_v there_o to_o apply_v his_o engine_n and_o make_v that_o the_o principal_a attack_z in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o join_v he_o fifteen_o vessel_n send_v by_o scerdilaidas_n for_o the_o commotion_n that_o have_v happen_v in_o illyria_n among_o the_o governor_n of_o those_o province_n who_o have_v fall_v into_o dangerous_a dissension_n among_o themselves_o be_v the_o cause_n he_o can_v not_o send_v a_o great_a supply_n aid_n come_v likewise_o from_o the_o epirot_n acarnanian_o and_o messenian_n for_o after_o the_o take_n of_o phialea_n the_o messenian_n ready_o take_v their_o share_n of_o the_o war._n and_o now_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v prepare_v and_o the_o machine_n for_o cast_v of_o stone_n and_o dart_n in_o a_o readiness_n the_o king_n order_v they_o to_o approach_v the_o wall_n after_o he_o have_v encourage_v his_o own_o people_n and_o have_v begin_v to_o sap_n their_o work_n the_o macedonian_n then_o who_o wrought_v cheerful_o at_o the_o work_n have_v soon_o undermine_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n strong_o sustain_v the_o burden_n with_o great_a post_n of_o wood_n as_o they_o proceed_v whereupon_o the_o king_n summon_v the_o town_n to_o surrender_v but_o they_o have_v no_o disposition_n to_o submit_v he_o order_v fire_n to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o prop_n that_o sustain_v the_o wall_n whereupon_o a_o breach_n be_v quick_o make_v then_o he_o order_v the_o bucklerman_n who_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o leontius_n divide_v they_o into_o party_n to_o march_v to_o the_o attack_z and_o enter_v the_o town_n over_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o breach_n but_o leontius_n mindful_a of_o the_o agreement_n he_o have_v make_v with_o apelles_n withhold_v certain_a forward_a man_n who_o be_v already_o advance_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o breach_n from_o proceed_v any_o further_o and_o have_v before_o corrupt_v some_o of_o the_o principal_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n and_o act_v his_o own_o part_n but_o cold_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o after_o great_a loss_n of_o their_o man_n they_o be_v beat_v off_o when_o they_o have_v the_o fair_a opportunity_n that_o can_v be_v wish_v of_o take_v the_o town_n when_o the_o king_n therefore_o have_v consider_v the_o backwardness_n of_o his_o officer_n and_o that_o the_o macedonian_n have_v much_o suffer_v in_o this_o attack_z he_o raise_v the_o siege_n call_v a_o council_n to_o debate_v what_o be_v best_o next_o to_o be_v do_v while_o king_n philip_n be_v thus_o busy_a here_o lycurgus_n march_v with_o a_o army_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o messenian_n and_o dorimachus_n with_o part_n of_o the_o aetolian_a force_n into_o thessaly_n both_o with_o the_o same_o design_n of_o oblige_v the_o king_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n whereupon_o ambassador_n be_v dispatch_v to_o he_o from_o the_o acarnanian_o and_o messenian_n those_o from_o acarnania_n propose_v his_o fall_n on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o aetolian_n so_o to_o compel_v dorimachus_n by_o spoil_v the_o country_n to_o return_v to_o their_o relief_n but_o the_o messenian_n pray_v present_a succour_n add_v that_o now_o while_o the_o etesian_a wind_n blow_v they_o may_v in_o a_o day_n be_v fail_n gain_v their_o passage_n from_o cephalenia_n to_o the_o coast_n of_o messenia_n where_o gorgus_n the_o messenian_a be_v of_o opinion_n they_o may_v endanger_v the_o surprise_v of_o lycurgus_n and_o that_o the_o enterprise_n promise_v great_a advantage_n leontius_n who_o see_v this_o counsel_n tend_v to_o his_o purpose_n strong_o second_v the_o advice_n foresee_v that_o if_o the_o king_n follow_v it_o he_o will_v spend_v the_o whole_a summer_n without_o effect_n in_o short_a it_o be_v true_a that_o to_o messenia_n it_o be_v a_o short_a and_o easy_a passage_n but_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o return_v back_o during_o the_o season_n of_o those_o wind_n so_o that_o in_o all_o probability_n shall_v the_o king_n have_v follow_v that_o advice_n he_o will_v have_v be_v shut_v up_o in_o messenia_n during_o the_o season_n of_o action_n without_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o purpose_n while_o the_o aetolian_n will_v be_v at_o liberty_n to_o spoil_v at_o their_o ease_n and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n in_o thessaly_n and_o epirus_n this_o counsel_n therefore_o be_v very_o pernicious_a wherefore_o aratus_n labour_v to_o divert_v the_o king_n show_v how_o much_o better_o it_o be_v to_o fall_v on_o the_o aetolian_n by_o sea_n and_o that_o the_o occasion_n of_o make_v descent_n with_o their_o fleet_n be_v not_o to_o be_v lose_v now_o that_o dorimachus_n with_o the_o aetolian_a force_n be_v divert_v elsewhere_o the_o king_n who_o have_v already_o conceive_v a_o doubtful_a opinion_n of_o leontius_n as_o well_o through_o his_o late_a behaviour_n in_o the_o siege_n as_o by_o other_o ground_n of_o suspicion_n he_o have_v give_v he_o of_o his_o fidelity_n become_v incline_v to_o follow_v the_o counsel_n of_o aratus_n whereupon_o he_o write_v to_o eperatus_n the_o achaean_n praetor_n to_o assemble_v his_o troop_n and_o march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o messenian_n while_o he_o himself_o weigh_v anchor_n the_o next_o day_n gain_v his_o passage_n under_o covert_n of_o the_o night_n from_o cephalenia_n to_o leucas_n where_o all_o thing_n have_v be_v due_o prepare_v at_o the_o isthmus_n of_o dioryctus_fw-la he_o cause_v his_o vessel_n to_o be_v draw_v over_o and_o so_o pass_v into_o the_o gulf_n of_o ambracia_n which_o as_o we_o have_v observe_v come_v out_o of_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n and_o run_v far_o up_o into_o the_o country_n of_o aetolia_n have_v perform_v this_o journey_n somewhat_o before_o day_n he_o make_v sail_n towards_o a_o town_n call_v limnoea_n here_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o take_v a_o short_a refreshment_n and_o to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o march_v and_o to_o take_v no_o
most_o difficult_a erterprise_n by_o word_n and_o discourse_n but_o few_o there_o be_v who_o right_o weigh_v the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o execution_n the_o one_o be_v common_a and_o familiar_a the_o other_o rare_a and_o next_o to_o impossible_a and_o whosoever_o he_o may_v be_v that_o have_v compass_v it_o it_o must_v have_v be_v at_o the_o cost_n of_o mighty_a pain_n and_o the_o product_n of_o many_o year_n of_o life_n thus_o much_o i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o say_v in_o reproof_n of_o such_o as_o over_o boast_o magnify_v their_o work_n and_o vainglorious_o exâ—â—_n their_o own_o merit_n but_o now_o let_v we_o proceed_v to_o our_o business_n ptolemy_n king_n of_o egypt_n surname_v philopater_n take_v on_o he_o the_o government_n of_o that_o kingdom_n on_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o murder_n of_o megas_n his_o brother_n and_o his_o adherent_n by_o which_o mean_n and_o some_o other_o act_n of_o caution_n he_o reckon_v himself_o secure_a against_o any_o attempt_n from_o those_o of_o his_o own_o house_n and_o conclude_v fortune_n herself_o have_v cover_v he_o from_o all_o danger_n abroad_o furthermore_o antigonus_n and_o seleucus_n be_v now_o dead_a and_o antiochus_n and_o philip_n succeed_v they_o who_o be_v yet_o but_o young_a and_o hardly_o out_o of_o their_o childhood_n ptolemy_n i_o say_v for_o these_o reason_n behold_v himself_o shelter_v on_o all_o side_n from_o danger_n govern_v his_o kingdom_n as_o if_o his_o pleasure_n and_o ease_n have_v be_v now_o his_o only_a business_n and_o resign_v up_o to_o a_o voluptuous_a life_n forget_v the_o duty_n of_o his_o dignity_n and_o grow_v to_o neglect_v every_o body_n and_o every_o thing_n all_o access_n to_o he_o become_v difficult_a as_o well_o to_o those_o of_o his_o own_o court_n as_o other_o who_o have_v charge_n of_o public_a affair_n both_o within_o and_o without_o the_o kingdom_n albeit_o the_o king_n his_o predecessor_n have_v be_v no_o less_o solicitous_a for_o the_o one_o than_o the_o other_o and_o as_o jealous_a of_o their_o authority_n abroad_o as_o at_o home_n for_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o their_o province_n in_o caelo-syria_n and_o cyprus_n be_v wont_a to_o wage_v war_n with_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n of_o syria_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n and_o those_o who_o have_v the_o government_n of_o their_o principal_a town_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n from_o pamphylia_n to_o the_o hellespont_n and_o who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o country_n border_v on_o lysimachia_n keep_v a_o watchful_a eye_n on_o the_o action_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o asia_n and_o of_o the_o island_n while_o those_o that_o rule_v in_o aenus_n maronea_n and_o the_o town_n beyond_o they_o be_v as_o careful_a to_o observe_v the_o macedonian_n and_o the_o occurrence_n of_o thrace_n insomuch_o that_o the_o egyptian_a king_n embrace_v so_o wide_a a_o dominion_n be_v cover_v as_o one_o may_v say_v with_o a_o buckler_n against_o all_o those_o prince_n and_o never_o take_v think_v for_o egypt_n itself_o while_o the_o avenue_n be_v so_o careful_o keep_v but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o king_n we_o be_v speak_v of_o now_o leave_v all_o thing_n at_o random_n while_o himself_o dissolve_v in_o love_n and_o wine_n take_v care_n for_o nothing_o it_o be_v not_o strange_a that_o he_o shall_v soon_o find_v enemy_n who_o will_v conspire_v against_o both_o his_o life_n and_o kingdom_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v cleomenes_n of_o sparta_n who_o attempt_v nothing_o during_o the_o life_n of_o ptolemy_n euergetes_n with_o who_o he_o be_v in_o great_a friendship_n and_o by_o who_o favour_n and_o assistance_n he_o have_v hope_n of_o recover_v his_o kingdom_n but_o after_o his_o death_n and_o his_o own_o affair_n invite_v he_o to_o try_v his_o fortune_n antigonus_n be_v also_o now_o dead_a and_o the_o achaian_n divert_v by_o war_n and_o what_o cleomenes_n have_v ever_o ardent_o labour_v to_o effect_v be_v come_v to_o pass_v namely_o that_o the_o aetolian_n confederate_v with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o equal_o hate_v the_o achaian_n and_o macedonian_n shall_v joint_o enter_v into_o a_o war_n against_o these_o two_o state_n these_o thing_n i_o say_v fall_v out_o be_v a_o motive_n to_o press_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a his_o departure_n from_o alexandria_n and_o first_o he_o move_v the_o king_n therein_o demand_v succour_n both_o of_o man_n and_o store_n of_o war._n afterward_o perceive_v he_o to_o lend_v no_o very_a willing_a ear_n to_o his_o suit_n he_o beseech_v he_o at_o least_o for_o permission_n for_o himself_o and_o follower_n to_o depart_v for_o that_o be_v can_v not_o hope_v for_o a_o more_o favourable_a conjuncture_n than_o that_o which_o now_o offer_v for_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o kingdom_n but_o ptolemy_n amuse_v neither_o with_o future_a nor_o present_a thing_n give_v himself_o up_o to_o his_o pleasure_n and_o debauch_n come_v to_o no_o resolution_n touch_v the_o request_n of_o cleomenes_n furthermore_o sosibius_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v first_o minister_n of_o state_n and_o govern_v the_o affair_n of_o egypt_n come_v to_o consult_v with_o his_o friend_n thereupon_o it_o be_v conclude_v among_o they_o that_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a not_o only_o to_o supply_v cleomenes_z with_o what_o he_o demand_v but_o even_o to_o let_v he_o depart_v the_o kingdom_n for_o after_o the_o death_n of_o antigonus_n they_o come_v to_o neglect_v their_o frontier_n province_n take_v for_o grant_v that_o the_o expense_n of_o those_o affair_n be_v now_o needless_a they_o furthermore_o consider_v that_o cleomenes_n have_v now_o no_o rival_n in_o greece_n that_o can_v withstand_v he_o become_v jealous_a lest_o come_v to_o recover_v the_o dominion_n of_o that_o country_n he_o may_v not_o become_v a_o formidable_a enemy_n to_o they_o know_v as_o he_o so_o well_o do_v the_o frailty_n of_o their_o king_n and_o the_o general_a state_n of_o the_o egyptian_a affair_n and_o that_o their_o province_n be_v remote_a and_o disjointed_a which_o he_o may_v great_o improve_v to_o their_o damage_n for_o at_o samos_n they_o have_v a_o numerous_a fleet_n and_o at_o ephesus_n a_o great_a body_n of_o troop_n wherefore_o i_o say_v they_o resolve_v that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v wisdom_n to_o permit_v not_o only_o that_o cleomenes_n shall_v go_v with_o a_o army_n but_o not_o safe_a to_o permit_v he_o to_o quit_v the_o country_n at_o all_o consider_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o character_n and_o how_o he_o have_v be_v disoblige_v which_o he_o will_v consequent_o study_v to_o revenge_v it_o remain_v then_o that_o they_o must_v determine_v to_o detain_v he_o by_o force_n and_o yet_o they_o want_v resolution_n to_o conclude_v thereon_o look_v on_o it_o as_o a_o dangerous_a attempt_n to_o imprison_v a_o lion_n among_o a_o flock_n of_o sheep_n and_o sosibius_n himself_o become_v of_o that_o mind_n for_o the_o reason_n we_o shall_v now_o deliver_v at_o what_o time_n they_o be_v deliberate_v about_o put_v magas_n and_o berenice_n to_o death_n fear_v lest_o their_o design_n may_v miscarry_v through_o the_o great_a power_n and_o resolution_n of_o berenice_n the_o conspirator_n therefore_o be_v oblige_v to_o flatter_v and_o treat_v with_o better_a usage_n than_o ordinary_a some_o person_n about_o the_o court_n and_o to_o give_v they_o assurance_n of_o great_a advantage_n in_o case_n their_o design_n succeed_v wherefore_o sosibius_n well_o know_v of_o what_o importance_n it_o be_v to_o cleomenes_n to_o acquire_v the_o goodwill_n of_o the_o king_n who_o assistance_n he_o need_v and_o that_o he_o be_v a_o able_a and_o well_o experience_a person_n come_v to_o reveal_v the_o conspiracy_n to_o he_o add_v many_o fair_a promise_n and_o assurance_n of_o his_o good_a office_n in_o his_o service_n whereupon_o cleomenes_n take_v hotice_n of_o the_o disturbance_n he_o be_v under_o and_o that_o they_o very_o much_o apprehend_v danger_n from_o their_o mercenary_n tell_v he_o he_o may_v be_v aught_o of_o pain_n in_o that_o particular_a for_o that_o those_o people_n shall_v give_v they_o no_o molestation_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o need_n be_v shall_v lend_v they_o their_o assistance_n this_o be_v a_o surprise_v say_v to_o sosibius_n while_o cleomenes_n proceed_v add_v that_o there_o be_v few_o less_o than_o three_o thousand_o peloponnesian_n in_o the_o army_n of_o mercenary_n and_o at_o least_o a_o thousand_o candiot_n who_o upon_o his_o least_o beck_n will_v be_v at_o his_o command_n and_o from_o the_o troop_n of_o syria_n and_o caria_n there_o be_v no_o danger_n to_o be_v fear_v in_o short_a this_o discourse_n at_o that_o time_n great_o please_v sosibius_n and_o animate_v he_o to_o the_o murder_n of_o berenice_n but_o afterward_o as_o often_o as_o he_o ruminate_v on_o the_o folly_n and_o weakness_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o hardy_a and_o enterprize_v quality_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o the_o affection_n the_o mercenary_a soldier_n bear_v he_o he_o can_v not_o contain_v his_o
by_o give_v they_o hope_n of_o a_o good_a issue_n of_o the_o war_n for_o that_o molon_n have_v already_o think_v it_o his_o safe_a course_n to_o sly_a before_o they_o so_o command_v they_o to_o refresh_v and_o repose_v themselves_o he_o order_v they_o to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o march_v by_o break_n of_o day_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o now_o the_o army_n of_o xenoetas_n full_a of_o assurance_n and_o be_v possess_v of_o so_o great_a plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n fall_v to_o feast_v and_o make_v merry_a drink_v to_o excess_n and_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n the_o part_n of_o careless_a dissolute_a people_n while_o molon_n when_o he_o think_v he_o be_v get_v far_o enough_o make_v a_o halt_n and_o take_v some_o space_n to_o refresh_v his_o people_n face_v about_o and_o march_v direct_o back_o by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v and_o advance_v to_o the_o camp_n find_v the_o enemy_n negligent_o scatter_v here_o and_o there_o plunge_v in_o sleep_n and_o wine_n wherefore_o attacking_z they_o at_o daybreak_n xenoetas_n astonish_v at_o the_o surprise_n and_o not_o able_a to_o awaken_v and_o draw_v his_o troop_n together_o to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n lose_v his_o life_n gallant_o fight_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v cut_v off_o in_o their_o tent_n the_o rest_n cast_v themselves_o into_o the_o river_n hope_v to_o gain_v the_o camp_n on_o the_o other_o side_n but_o very_o few_o escape_v over_o here_o may_v be_v see_v the_o divers_a scene_n of_o tumult_n and_o confusion_n in_o the_o army_n for_o all_o have_v their_o share_n of_o terror_n at_o a_o attempt_n so_o unlooked_a for_o and_o while_o they_o view_v their_o camp_n on_o the_o other_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n without_o regard_n to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o stream_n or_o the_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n of_o the_o passage_n such_o be_v their_o passion_n to_o escape_v the_o sword_n of_o the_o enemy_n their_o fear_n i_o say_v have_v so_o blind_v their_o judgement_n that_o to_o save_v themselves_o from_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o that_o pursue_v they_o they_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o water_n make_v their_o horse_n baggage_n and_o all_o attempt_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n as_o if_o they_o think_v some_o special_a providence_n have_v command_v the_o flood_n to_o yield_v they_o succour_v and_o waft_v they_o safe_a to_o the_o other_o shore_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o lamenble_a sight_n to_o behold_v at_o once_o man_n horse_n arm_n baggage_n the_o dead_a and_o living_n float_v and_o mingle_v together_o in_o confusion_n molon_n become_v master_n of_o xenoetas_n camp_n afterward_o pass_v the_o river_n without_o impediment_n none_o withstand_v he_o for_o zeux_n who_o may_v have_v hinder_v he_o be_v flee_v wherefore_o he_o take_v possession_n likewise_o of_o the_o other_o camp_n then_o upon_o this_o success_n he_o march_v speedy_o to_o seleucia_n which_o soon_o fall_v into_o his_o hand_n for_o that_o zeux_n and_o diomedon_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o place_n have_v desert_v it_o then_o reduce_v the_o upper_a province_n to_o his_o obedience_n where_o he_o find_v none_o to_o oppose_v he_o he_o march_v on_o and_o subdue_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o babylon_n and_o all_o the_o territory_n extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o red-sea_n from_o thence_o he_o march_v to_o susa_n which_o be_v take_v by_o assault_n as_o other_o place_n have_v be_v but_o he_o in_o vain_a attempt_v the_o fortress_n of_o that_o place_n for_o that_o diogenes_n the_o governor_n have_v make_v timely_a provision_n for_o his_o defence_n wherefore_o he_o forbear_v to_o use_v force_n but_o leave_v troop_n to_o block_n it_o up_o take_v his_o march_n back_o to_o seleucia_n where_o he_o refresh_v and_o recruit_v his_o army_n and_o then_o after_o he_o have_v well_o encourage_v they_o he_o proceed_v on_o further_a erterprise_n thus_o molon_n reduce_v all_o the_o country_n to_o the_o city_n europus_n and_o all_o mesopotamia_n as_o far_o as_o dura_n when_o antiochus_n come_v to_o be_v well_o inform_v of_o these_o occurrence_n he_o quit_v the_o barren_a country_n of_o the_o lower-syria_n as_o we_o have_v note_v and_o turn_v his_o thought_n whole_o on_o this_o war._n wherefore_o assemble_v his_o council_n once_o again_o to_o deliberate_v about_o it_o and_o require_v every_o one_o to_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n plain_o touch_v the_o war_n of_o molon_n epigenes_n again_o first_o give_v his_o judgement_n say_v that_o it_o have_v be_v well_o for_o the_o king_n service_n if_o they_o have_v follow_v his_o first_o advice_n without_o any_o delay_n or_o loss_n of_o time_n for_o the_o enemy_n have_v make_v so_o great_a a_o progress_n that_o he_o be_v confirm_v in_o his_o former_a opinion_n namely_o that_o it_o be_v most_o necessary_a the_o king_n shall_v march_v with_o the_o army_n and_o manage_v the_o war_n in_o person_n but_o hermias_n thereupon_o renew_v his_o indignation_n against_o epigenes_n charge_v and_o blame_v he_o as_o heretofore_o and_o come_v to_o exaggerate_v his_o own_o praise_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o every_o body_n despise_v he_o and_o contest_v with_o the_o king_n himself_o labour_v all_o he_o can_v to_o make_v he_o persevere_v in_o his_o syrian_a expedition_n insomuch_o that_o great_a offence_n be_v take_v by_o antiochus_n himself_o who_o notwithstanding_o interpose_v his_o authority_n in_o vain_a to_o reconcile_v they_o hermias_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v wrought_v from_o his_o aversion_n to_o epigenes_n howbeit_o his_o advice_n at_o length_n prevail_v as_o be_v the_o most_o safe_a and_o profitable_a which_o hermias_n not_o be_v able_a now_o long_o to_o hinder_v seem_v on_o the_o sudden_a to_o accord_v entire_o to_o what_o he_o can_v not_o prevent_v and_o become_v as_o one_o may_v say_v another_o man_n resolve_v that_o lay_v aside_o all_o other_o affair_n the_o war_n with_o molon_n ought_v to_o be_v vigorous_o prosecute_v wherefore_o he_o apply_v himself_o with_o great_a diligence_n and_o turn_v all_o his_o thought_n to_o make_v preparation_n for_o carry_v it_o on_o and_o now_o when_o the_o king_n troop_n be_v assemble_v at_o apamea_n there_o grow_v a_o mutiny_n in_o the_o army_n about_o the_o arrear_n of_o pay_n whereupon_o hermias_n perceive_v the_o king_n to_o be_v surprise_v and_o to_o seek_v what_o to_o do_v make_v a_o offer_n to_o he_o propose_v to_o satisfy_v the_o soldier_n arrear_n out_o of_o his_o own_o private_a fortune_n provide_v he_o will_v yield_v that_o epigence_n may_v not_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o expedition_n pretend_v that_o the_o difference_n which_o have_v happen_v between_o they_o will_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o dispute_n that_o will_v great_o hinder_v he_o in_o the_o management_n of_o his_o affair_n the_o king_n in_o truth_n lend_v a_o very_a unwilling_a ear_n to_o the_o proposal_n believe_v it_o to_o be_v for_o his_o service_n to_o take_v epigenes_n with_o he_o who_o be_v well_o see_v in_o military_a matter_n and_o in_o every_o thing_n a_o able_a counsellor_n but_o win_v by_o the_o artifices_fw-la of_o hermias_n who_o have_v gain_v likewise_o those_o about_o he_o he_o be_v not_o master_n of_o his_o own_o resolution_n wherefore_o yield_v to_o present_a necessity_n he_o comply_v with_o the_o demand_n of_o hermias_n whereupon_o epigenes_n retire_v to_o apamea_n pursuant_n to_o the_o order_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n all_o of_o the_o king_n council_n be_v ill_o satisfy_v with_o this_o resolution_n while_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o soldiers_z who_o have_v receive_v satisfaction_n of_o their_o demand_n express_v great_a affection_n towards_o hermias_n by_o who_o mean_n they_o have_v obtain_v their_o arrear_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o remain_v stir_v save_v among_o the_o cyrrhestae_fw-la of_o who_o there_o revolt_v from_o the_o king_n service_n to_o the_o number_n of_o six_o thousand_o who_o for_o a_o while_o give_v he_o some_o trouble_n but_o be_v pursue_v and_o attack_v they_o be_v defeat_v by_o those_o that_o be_v send_v against_o they_o the_o great_a part_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o the_o remainder_n return_v to_o their_o obedience_n and_o now_o hermias_n have_v subdue_v those_o about_o the_o king_n by_o his_o authority_n and_o gain_v the_o goodwill_n of_o the_o soldier_n by_o his_o bounty_n depart_v with_o antiochus_n and_o the_o army_n but_o forget_v not_o by_o mean_n of_o alexis_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o citadel_n of_o apamea_n to_o form_v this_o design_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o epigenes_n he_o forge_v a_o letter_n from_o molon_n to_o epigenes_n and_o have_v corrupt_v one_o of_o his_o servant_n by_o promise_n of_o a_o great_a reward_n give_v he_o the_o letter_n with_o order_n to_o lay_v it_o among_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o master_n paper_n whereupon_o alexis_n come_v to_o epigenes_n and_o demand_n of_o he_o if_o he_o have_v not_o receive_v letter_n from_o molon_n to_o which_o epigenes_n
the_o enemy_n camp_n with_o two_o man_n only_o in_o his_o company_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o know_v he_o by_o his_o face_n it_o be_v not_o yet_o day_n nor_o by_o his_o habit_n for_o that_o the_o army_n consist_v of_o great_a diversity_n of_o garb_n he_o have_v before_o observe_v where_o the_o king_n tent_n stand_v for_o that_o they_o have_v frequent_o pickeer_v near_o that_o place_n approach_v undiscovered_a and_o enter_v the_o tent_n where_o the_o king_n use_v to_o eat_v and_o give_v audience_n he_o search_v everywhere_o for_o he_o but_o find_v he_o not_o ptolemy_n it_o seem_v have_v lie_v that_o night_n elsewhere_o wherefore_o wound_v only_o two_o person_n and_o kill_v androeas_n the_o king_n physician_n he_o retire_v in_o safety_n have_v execute_v his_o design_n if_o we_o right_o weigh_v the_o hazard_n but_o fail_v only_o through_o want_n of_o information_n where_o the_o king_n be_v lodge_v after_o these_o two_o prince_n have_v remain_v five_o day_n thus_o near_o each_o other_o they_o agree_v to_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n ptolemy_n first_o march_v out_o and_o soon_o after_o antiochus_n appear_v in_o battle_n their_o body_n be_v compose_v of_o their_o phalanx_n and_o choose_a troop_n arm_v after_o the_o macedonian_a manner_n who_o be_v oppose_v one_o to_o another_o their_o wing_n be_v thus_o order_v in_o ptolomy_n polycrates_n command_v the_o left_a with_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v under_o his_o command_n and_o betwixt_o these_o and_o the_o phalanx_n first_o march_v the_o candiot_n next_o to_o the_o horse_n these_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o regiment_n of_o guard_n call_v agema_n after_o these_o march_v the_o bucklerman_n lead_v by_o socrates_n then_o the_o libyan_n arm_v like_o macedonian_n the_o right_n be_v lead_v by_o echecrates_n the_o thessalian_a with_o the_o horse_n who_o be_v under_o his_o command_n on_o the_o leave_v next_o echecrates_n march_v the_o gaul_n and_o thracian_n then_o phoxidas_n with_o his_o greek_a mercenary_n after_o these_o march_v the_o egyptian_a phalanx_n they_o place_v forty_o elephant_n to_o cover_v the_o left-wing_n where_o the_o king_n be_v to_o be_v and_o the_o other_o thirty_o three_o stand_v on_o the_o right_a to_o cover_v the_o mercenary_a horse_n antiochus_n thus_o order_v his_o battle_n on_o his_o right_n he_o place_v sixty_o elephant_n to_o cover_v the_o extremity_n of_o that_o wing_n where_o he_o himself_o propose_v to_o stand_v oppose_v to_o ptolemy_n give_v the_o conduct_n to_o philip_n his_o foster-brother_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o be_v post_v two_o thousand_o horse_n lead_v by_o antipater_n next_o these_o be_v the_o like_a number_n draw_v up_o in_o form_n of_o a_o tenaile_n after_o the_o horse_n stand_v the_o candiot_n in_o front_n then_o the_o greek_a mercenary_n betwixt_o these_o stand_v the_o five_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v arm_v like_o macedonian_n under_o the_o command_n of_o byttacus_n the_o macedonian_a his_o left-wing_n consist_v of_o two_o thousand_o horse_n lead_v by_o themison_n after_o these_o be_v the_o cardace_n the_o lydian_a slinger_n and_o next_o those_o three_o thousand_o light-armed_a who_o be_v under_o menedemus_n the_o cyssians_n mede_n and_o caramanian_o follow_v and_o to_o these_o succeed_v the_o arab_n and_o their_o neighbour-people_n which_o close_v up_o to_o the_o phalanx_n the_o right-point_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v cover_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o elephant_n which_o be_v conduct_v by_o myiscus_n who_o have_v be_v the_o king_n page_n in_o this_o order_n of_o battle_n be_v the_o two_o army_n draw_v up_o while_o the_o two_o king_n attend_v by_o their_o officer_n and_o favourite_n go_v from_o rank_a to_o rank_a to_o animate_v their_o troop_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v place_v their_o great_a confidence_n in_o their_o phalanx_n which_o may_v be_v call_v legionary_n to_o these_o therefore_o they_o be_v more_o earnest_a in_o their_o exhortation_n wherein_o sosibius_n and_o arsinoe_n second_v ptolemy_n and_o theodotus_n and_o nicarchus_n antiochus_n who_o be_v chief_n of_o the_o legionary_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o army_n in_o short_a it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o the_o speech_n of_o these_o two_o prince_n be_v near_o the_o same_o whereby_o to_o encourage_v their_o troop_n neither_o be_v furnish_v with_o strong_a reason_n than_o the_o other_o for_o they_o be_v but_o young_a king_n and_o have_v never_o yet_o do_v any_o thing_n very_o memorable_a out_o of_o which_o to_o collect_v matter_n for_o their_o exhortation_n wherefore_o they_o labour_v to_o hearten_v they_o to_o the_o battle_n by_o lay_v before_o they_o the_o prize_n of_o glory_n that_o be_v to_o be_v win_v and_o the_o reputation_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o above_o all_o make_v large_a promise_n of_o reward_n to_o the_o officer_n in_o particular_a and_o the_o soldier_n in_o general_a to_o oblige_v they_o to_o their_o best_a performance_n in_o that_o occasion_n thus_o than_o the_o two_o king_n animate_v their_o army_n partly_o by_o themselves_o and_o partly_o by_o their_o interpreter_n as_o soon_o as_o ptolemy_n and_o his_o sister_n arsinoe_n be_v come_v to_o the_o left-wing_n and_o antiochus_n to_o the_o right_n of_o their_o two_o army_n attend_v by_o their_o guard_n they_o sound_v to_o the_o charge_n and_o the_o battle_n begin_v with_o their_o elephant_n some_o of_o those_o beast_n on_o ptolomy_n part_n come_v at_o first_o bold_o on_o to_o the_o attack_z and_o the_o man_n who_o fight_v from_o the_o turret_n behave_v themselves_o well_o fight_v from_o thence_o with_o their_o pike_n but_o the_o shock_n between_o the_o elephant_n themselves_o be_v more_o remarkable_a those_o animal_n attempt_v one_o the_o other_o with_o a_o impetuosity_n hardly_o to_o be_v represent_v for_o they_o fight_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o first_o make_v proof_n of_o their_o strength_n by_o engage_v with_o their_o tooth_n and_o with_o a_o firm_a foot_n keep_v their_o ground_n press_v one_o against_o another_o with_o their_o utmost_a strength_n till_o by_o this_o contention_n one_o of_o they_o prevail_v and_o compel_v the_o other_o to_o yield_v ground_n to_o his_o superior_a strength_n whereby_o the_o trunk_n be_v turn_v aside_o he_o be_v force_v by_o endeavour_v to_o disengage_v himself_o to_o expose_v his_o side_n and_o flank_n to_o his_o enemy_n who_o fail_v not_o to_o hit_v he_o there_o gore_v he_o with_o his_o tooth_n as_o bull_n do_v with_o their_o horn_n but_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o ptolomy_n elephant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n want_v courage_n to_o stand_v the_o shock_n and_o as_o the_o elephant_n of_o libya_n who_o can_v neither_o endure_v the_o smell_n nor_o bray_n of_o those_o of_o india_n so_o these_o fright_v at_o the_o strength_n and_o size_n of_o the_o other_o turn_v their_o back_n before_o they_o come_v near_o they_o put_v ptolomy_n regiment_n of_o guard_n into_o disorder_n who_o be_v draw_v up_o behind_o they_o upon_o who_o they_o fall_v in_o the_o interim_n antiochus_n lead_v about_o his_o battalion_n of_o guard_n and_o get_v before_o the_o elephant_n charge_v polycrates_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o mercenary_a greek_n who_o be_v post_v near_o the_o phalanx_n advance_v against_o ptolomy_n bucklerman_n who_o order_n have_v be_v already_o break_v by_o the_o elephant_n the_o left-wing_n of_o ptolomy_n army_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v worsted_n turn_v their_o back_n and_o betake_v they_o to_o flight_n but_o echecrates_n who_o command_v in_o the_o right_n and_o stand_v wait_v to_o see_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o dispute_n between_o the_o two_o point_n whereof_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v observe_v a_o thick_a cloud_n of_o dust_n drive_v towards_o he_o and_o perceive_v their_o elephant_n will_v do_v nothing_o command_v phoxidas_n who_o lead_v the_o greek_a mercenary_n to_o advance_v and_o charge_v those_o that_o be_v oppose_v to_o he_o while_o he_o lead_v the_o horse_n about_o and_o charge_v those_o that_o be_v post_v behind_o the_o elephant_n and_o be_v cover_v by_o those_o animal_n whereupon_o attacking_z the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o flank_n and_o rear_n they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n nor_o be_v phoxidas_n and_o those_o with_o he_o less_o fortunate_a who_o fall_v on_o the_o mede_n and_o arab_n have_v the_o like_a success_n thus_o the_o right-wing_n of_o antiochus_n beat_v and_o the_o left_a be_v beat_v and_o now_o albeit_o the_o phalanx_n on_o either_o side_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o point_n they_o remain_v however_o entire_a and_o hold_v their_o order_n attend_v betwixt_o hope_n and_o fear_v the_o event_n antiochus_n we_o observe_v where_o he_o fight_v on_o the_o right_n have_v the_o better_a but_o ptolemy_n retire_v into_o the_o phalanx_n and_o appear_v in_o view_n of_o both_o the_o army_n much_o discourage_v the_o enemy_n and_o give_v new_a heart_n to_o his_o own_o people_n to_o prosecute_v the_o battle_n insomuch_o that_o andromachus_n and_o
philip_n return_v by_o sea_n to_o macedon_n where_o find_v that_o scerdilaidas_n who_o have_v already_o seize_v certain_a vessel_n in_o the_o port_n of_o leucas_n have_v late_o plunder_v pissoeum_n a_o town_n of_o pelagonia_n with_o the_o same_o proetext_n as_o before_o of_o pay_v himself_o the_o money_n that_o remain_v due_a that_o he_o have_v further_o draw_v to_o his_o party_n the_o town_n of_o dassaretis_fw-la that_o by_o promise_v he_o have_v allure_v the_o people_n of_o phoebatis_n as_o namely_o antipatria_n chrysondiona_n and_o gertunta_n and_o have_v make_v inroad_n on_o the_o macedonian_n philip_n therefore_o first_o lead_v his_o troop_n against_o the_o revolt_a town_n with_o resolution_n however_o not_o to_o delay_v his_o march_n against_o scerdilaidas_n judge_v it_o to_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n to_o compose_v the_o affair_n of_o illyria_n in_o order_n to_o the_o erterprise_n he_o have_v conceive_v especial_o his_o voyage_n into_o italy_n for_o demetrius_n have_v so_o kindle_v his_o ambition_n that_o it_o become_v his_o meditation_n night_n and_o day_n and_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o his_o dream_n talk_v in_o his_o sleep_n of_o a_o war_n in_o italy_n while_o yet_o these_o instigation_n grow_v not_o from_o the_o love_n he_o bear_v to_o philip_n who_o affair_n he_o little_o consider_v but_o from_o his_o hatred_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o a_o regard_n to_o his_o own_o end_n conceive_v there_o be_v now_o no_o other_o mean_n leave_v he_o whereby_o to_o regain_v his_o dominion_n of_o the_o island_n of_o pharus_n in_o conclusion_n philip_n depart_v with_o his_o army_n recover_v the_o place_n we_o mention_v together_o with_o creonium_n and_o gerunte_v in_o dassaretis_fw-la and_o beside_o those_o enchelanoe_n cerax_n station_n and_o boei_n near_o the_o lake_n lychnidius_n furthermore_o he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o bantia_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o calicoeni_fw-la and_o orgysum_fw-la on_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o pissantine_n and_o after_o these_o success_n march_v his_o horse_n into_o winter_n quarter_n it_o be_v during_o the_o same_o winter_n that_o hannibal_n have_v spoil_v the_o best_a part_n of_o italy_n hold_v his_o quarter_n in_o apulia_n near_o gerijon_n at_o which_o time_n lucius_n aemylius_fw-la and_o terentius_n varro_n be_v create_v consul_n at_o rome_n king_n philip_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n calculate_v that_o to_o further_a the_o erterprise_n he_o be_v project_v he_o shall_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o good_a supply_n of_o ship_n and_o seaman_n not_o that_o he_o conceive_v himself_o a_o match_n for_o the_o roman_n by_o sea_n but_o to_o enable_v he_o to_o embark_v and_o transport_v his_o troop_n where_o he_o shall_v think_v it_o best_o whereby_o to_o take_v the_o enemy_n by_o surprise_n and_o when_o they_o least_o suspect_v he_o wherefore_o find_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o illyrian_a fashion_n be_v proper_a for_o his_o use_n he_o cause_v forthwith_o a_o hundred_o of_o that_o sort_n to_o be_v build_v and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o macedonian_a king_n who_o have_v order_v so_o great_a a_o fleet_n to_o be_v provide_v after_o he_o have_v rig_v and_o equip_v they_o with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a he_o assemble_v his_o troop_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n and_o when_o he_o have_v exercise_v his_o macedonian_n a_o while_n in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o oar_n he_o put_v to_o sea_n this_o be_v about_o the_o time_n that_o antiochus_n march_v over_o mount_n taurus_n after_o philip_n have_v pass_v down_o the_o euripus_n with_o his_o army_n and_o double_v the_o cape_n of_o malea_n he_o arrive_v near_o leucas_n sail_v by_o cephallenia_n when_o take_v harbour_n he_o remain_v watch_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o roman_a fleet_n have_v a_o careful_a eye_n to_o every_o thing_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o become_v assure_v that_o the_o fleet_n at_o lilybaeum_n remain_v still_o at_o a_o anchor_n he_o weigh_v and_o stand_v off_o to_o sea_n steer_v as_o if_o he_o be_v bind_v for_o apollonia_n but_o after_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n loius_n or_o rather_o aous_n which_o run_v by_o the_o wall_n of_o apollonia_n the_o fleet_n be_v on_o the_o sudden_a terrify_v with_o a_o panic_n fear_v such_o as_o usual_o surprise_v army_n by_o land_n it_o seem_v some_o of_o the_o vessel_n in_o the_o rear_n who_o have_v touch_v in_o a_o port_n of_o a_o certain_a island_n call_v saso_n lie_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o ionian_a sea_n come_v up_o in_o the_o night_n with_o the_o king_n to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o by_o certain_a vessel_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n of_o sicily_n and_o arrive_v at_o the_o same_o port_n they_o be_v assure_v that_o they_o have_v leâ—t_v the_o roman_a fleet_n at_o rhegium_n and_o that_o they_o be_v make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n for_o apollonia_n with_o order_n to_o join_v scerdilaidas_n philip_n therefore_o apprehend_v the_o roman_a fleet_n to_o be_v at_o hand_n take_v the_o alarm_n and_o in_o a_o fright_n stand_v about_o with_o his_o fleet_n and_o return_v from_o whence_o he_o come_v his_o ship_n sail_v disperse_v and_o without_o any_o order_n the_o next_o morning_n arrive_v at_o cephallenia_n and_o be_v recover_v from_o his_o fear_n he_o tell_v his_o people_n that_o certain_a affair_n that_o import_v he_o to_o negotiate_v in_o peloponnesus_n have_v make_v he_o change_v his_o purpose_n the_o news_n however_o that_o have_v so_o terrify_v philip_n be_v not_o entire_o false_a for_o scerdilaidas_n be_v inform_v of_o philip_n great_a naval_a preparation_n during_o the_o winter_n have_v conclude_v that_o his_o design_n be_v to_o fall_v on_o he_o he_o have_v therefore_o give_v advice_n thereof_o to_o the_o roman_n and_o pray_v succour_n from_o they_o so_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v send_v he_o ten_o vessel_n out_o of_o the_o fleet_n at_o lilybaeum_n which_o squadron_n be_v see_v at_o rhegium_n as_o they_o pass_v by_o and_o if_o philip_n surprise_n have_v be_v less_o he_o may_v have_v succeed_v better_a in_o his_o illyrian_a expedition_n furthermore_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o that_o the_o roman_n themselves_o who_o be_v humble_v by_o their_o loss_n at_o cannoe_n may_v have_v fall_v into_o his_o hand_n but_o be_v terrify_v at_o the_o news_n he_o make_v the_o best_a of_o his_o way_n to_o macedon_n without_o loss_n indeed_o but_o not_o without_o reproach_n but_o what_o prusias_n '_o do_v about_o the_o same_o time_n merit_v to_o be_v record_v to_o his_o great_a honour_n those_o gaul_n who_o attalus_n have_v draw_v out_o of_o europe_n have_v a_o extraordinary_a opinion_n of_o their_o bravery_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n against_o achoeus_n have_v desert_v his_o service_n for_o reason_n we_o have_v elsewhere_o note_v fall_v to_o spoil_v and_o plunder_v the_o town_n about_o the_o hellespont_n wherein_o they_o proceed_v with_o great_a violence_n and_o cruelty_n and_o come_v to_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o ilian_o the_o alexandrian_n who_o inhabit_v the_o neighbour_a country_n behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a reputation_n on_o that_o occasion_n for_o send_v out_o themistas_n at_o the_o head_n of_o four_o thousand_o man_n he_o do_v not_o only_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o force_v the_o enemy_n quite_o our_o of_o the_o trojan_a territory_n by_o cut_v off_o their_o convoy_n and_o oppose_v other_o way_n their_o design_n afterward_o the_o gaul_n have_v take_v arisba_n a_o town_n of_o the_o abydenian_o attempt_v other_o place_n of_o that_o country_n vex_v they_o with_o continual_a hostility_n wherefore_o prusias_n march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n to_o attack_v they_o and_o give_v they_o battle_n gain_v a_o memorable_a victory_n where_o they_o be_v all_o cut_v off_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n only_o escape_v to_o their_o camp_n the_o spoil_n he_o give_v to_o his_o victorious_a soldier_n and_o by_o that_o success_n deliver_v the_o peloponnesian_n from_o their_o fear_n and_o the_o great_a danger_n that_o threaten_v they_o and_o instruct_v those_o barbarian_n by_o that_o example_n to_o be_v cautious_a for_o the_o future_a how_o they_o adventure_v out_o of_o europe_n into_o asia_n the_o affair_n of_o greece_n and_o asia_n then_o be_v in_o the_o posture_n we_o have_v relate_v as_o to_o italy_n after_o the_o battle_n of_o cannoe_n the_o people_n both_o of_o the_o town_n and_o country_n for_o the_o most_o part_n give_v themselves_o up_o to_o hannibal_n as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v but_o have_v now_o summary_o record_v the_o occurrence_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n we_o will_v here_o give_v a_o period_n to_o that_o history_n and_o after_o we_o shall_v have_v make_v a_o short_a recital_n in_o the_o follow_v book_n of_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o this_o we_o purpose_v to_o treat_v about_o the_o form_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n finis_fw-la libre_fw-la v._n
of_o the_o top_n about_o this_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o parapet_n knee_n high_a which_o be_v defend_v with_o upright_a bar_n of_o iron_n sharpen_v at_o the_o end_n towards_o the_o top_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o ring_n this_o machine_n resemble_v in_o some_o sort_n our_o fashion_a mill_n to_o be_v short_a it_o be_v sling_v by_o those_o ring_n which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o poultry_n be_v hoist_v and_o lower_v at_o pleasure_n and_o with_o this_o they_o attack_v the_o enemy_n vessel_n sometime_o on_o their_o bow_n and_o sometime_o on_o the_o broadside_n as_o occasion_n best_o serve_v so_o when_o ever_o they_o grapple_v the_o enemy_n with_o those_o engine_n if_o they_o happen_v to_o swing_n broadside_n to_o broadside_n than_o they_o enter_v from_o all_o part_n but_o in_o case_n they_o attack_v they_o on_o the_o bow_n they_o enter_v two_o and_o two_o by_o the_o help_n of_o this_o engine_n the_o foremost_a defend_v the_o forepart_n and_o those_o that_o follow_v the_o flank_n keep_v the_o boss_n of_o their_o buckler_n level_v with_o the_o top_n of_o the_o parapet_n in_o this_o posture_n the_o roman_n prepare_v for_o the_o battle_n as_o soon_o as_o caius_n duilius_n have_v notice_n of_o the_o adventure_n of_o their_o general_n by_o sea_n he_o leave_v the_o land-army_n to_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o several_a colonel_n and_o hasten_v himself_o to_o the_o fleet_n where_o upon_o his_o arrival_n receive_v advice_n that_o the_o enemy_n ravage_v the_o country_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o mylas_n he_o make_v the_o best_a of_o his_o way_n with_o the_o whole_a fleet_n to_o encounter_v they_o the_o carthaginian_n on_o their_o side_n great_o rejoice_v when_o they_o descry_v the_o roman_n and_o forthwith_o detach_v a_o squadron_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o of_o their_o ship_n and_o stand_v off_o to_o sea_n towards_o they_o who_o they_o hold_v in_o so_o great_a contempt_n that_o they_o advance_v with_o their_o prow_n direct_o upon_o they_o careless_a of_o any_o order_n of_o battle_n dream_v of_o nothing_o but_o certain_a victory_n and_o the_o pillage_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o who_o command_v the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n be_v the_o same_o hannibal_n who_o defend_v and_o make_v his_o escape_n with_o the_o army_n by_o night_n from_o agrigentum_n his_o own_o vessel_n be_v a_o galley_n of_o seven_o bank_n of_o oar_n belong_v former_o to_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epyrus_n but_o as_o they_o approach_v the_o carthaginian_n become_v great_o surprise_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o those_o engine_n we_o before_o mention_v and_o stand_v sometime_o in_o suspense_n at_o the_o novelty_n never_o have_v before_o see_v the_o like_a howbeit_o this_o do_v not_o diminish_v their_o contempt_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o headmost_a by_o the_o boldness_n of_o their_o attack_z make_v it_o appear_v how_o little_o they_o value_v they_o but_o the_o roman_n grapple_v with_o they_o by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o engine_n enter_v by_o they_o with_o ease_n come_v to_o fight_v hand_n to_o hand_n with_o they_o upon_o deck_n as_o on_o firm_a ground_n some_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v slay_v other_o yield_v upon_o quarter_n fright_v at_o the_o extraordinary_a effect_n of_o this_o new_a and_o wonderful_a invention_n they_o lose_v in_o the_o fight_n of_o those_o that_o come_v first_o to_o engage_v thirty_o ship_n with_o their_o whole_a company_n of_o which_o number_n hannibal_n galley_n we_o mention_v be_v one_o who_o escape_v himself_o in_o a_o small_a boat_n when_o he_o be_v by_o all_o give_v for_o lose_v after_o have_v perform_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o gallant_a and_o able_a leader_n at_o length_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o fleet_n come_v up_o but_o when_o they_o perceive_v the_o defeat_n of_o their_o first_o squadron_n they_o hold_v it_o safe_a to_o shun_v tempt_v their_o fortune_n too_o far_o and_o be_v surprise_v too_o at_o the_o sight_n of_o those_o new_a engine_n they_o therefore_o have_v great_o the_o advantage_n in_o the_o lightness_n of_o their_o vessel_n use_v their_o best_a skill_n by_o nimble_o row_v round_o they_o to_o attack_v they_o with_o most_o safety_n but_o when_o they_o observe_v that_o which_o way_n soever_o they_o approach_v those_o machine_n be_v still_o traverse_v and_o oppose_v to_o they_o they_o be_v at_o length_n compel_v to_o yield_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o day_n to_o the_o roman_n retire_v with_o the_o lose_v of_o fifty_o of_o their_o ship_n but_o the_o roman_n hope_n be_v raise_v by_o this_o success_n who_o have_v against_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o the_o world_n prove_v a_o match_n for_o the_o carthaginian_n at_o sea_n resolve_v to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n with_o great_a application_n and_o forthwith_o land_v their_o force_n on_o the_o island_n march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o aegesta_n which_o be_v strait_o press_v by_o the_o enemy_n where_o they_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o from_o thence_o in_o a_o breath_n march_v to_o the_o attack_z of_o macella_n which_o they_o take_v by_o assault_n after_o these_o success_n hamilcar_n the_o carthaginian_a general_n by_o land_n who_o be_v then_o at_o palermo_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o a_o sedition_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n occasion_v by_o a_o dispute_n between_o the_o legion_n and_o auxiliary_n of_o the_o ally_n about_o precedency_n which_o come_v to_o a_o separation_n of_o the_o army_n the_o stranger_n retire_v from_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v about_o to_o encamp_v by_o themselves_o between_o paropus_n and_o thermas_fw-la the_o carthaginian_n surprise_v they_o and_o slay_v to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o thousand_o hannibal_n upon_o his_o defeat_n at_o sea_n return_v with_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o fleet_n to_o carthage_n and_o be_v reinforce_v with_o more_o ship_n and_o able_a officer_n he_o put_v to_o sea_n again_o for_o sardinia_n where_o he_o no_o soon_o arrive_v when_o he_o be_v surprise_v in_o harbour_n by_o the_o roman_n who_o take_v many_o of_o his_o ship_n these_o misfortune_n beget_v a_o mutiny_n in_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o army_n who_o seize_v on_o his_o person_n and_o crucified_a he_o and_o here_o in_o may_v be_v note_v that_o the_o roman_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v themselves_o master_n at_o sea_n form_v design_n likewise_o on_o sardinia_n the_o follow_a year_n produce_v little_a or_o nothing_o memorable_a in_o sicily_n but_o on_o the_o create_a their_o new_a consul_n aulus_n atilius_n and_o c._n sulpitius_n these_o on_o their_o arrival_n march_v with_o the_o army_n direct_o towards_o palermo_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v the_o carthaginian_n winter-quarter_n where_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v post_v themselves_o the_o conful_n draw_v out_o the_o army_n in_o battle_n but_o the_o enemy_n lie_v quiet_a within_o the_o town_n whereupon_o they_o march_v to_o hippona_n which_o they_o carry_v by_o assault_n they_o likewise_o take_v mytistratus_n a_o strong_a place_n which_o cost_v they_o time_n and_o trouble_v to_o reduce_v and_o formal_o besiege_v camarina_n and_o attack_v it_o by_o work_n and_o engine_n and_o in_o the_o end_n retake_v it_o that_o place_n have_v before_o desert_v their_o party_n and_o after_o have_v take_v enna_n and_o several_a other_o place_n of_o less_o importance_n belong_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n they_o prepare_v to_o sit_v down_o before_o lipara_n the_o follow_a year_n the_o roman_a consul_n c._n atilius_n be_v with_o the_o fleet_n at_o tyndaris_n desery_v the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n stand_v along_o the_o coast_n in_o a_o confuse_a and_o careless_a manner_n whereupon_o he_o order_v a_o squadron_n of_o ten_o galley_n to_o give_v they_o chase_v but_o the_o carthaginian_n observe_v they_o to_o embark_v their_o man_n and_o that_o some_o be_v already_o put_v off_o and_o get_v out_o of_o the_o port_n and_o that_o the_o headmost_fw-mi be_v a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o reave_v they_o thereupon_o tack_v and_o stand_v towards_o they_o quick_o surround_v they_o and_o sink_v and_o destroy_v the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o squadron_n where_o the_o admiral-gal_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v take_v and_o only_o by_o her_o lightness_n and_o the_o force_n of_o her_o oar_n escape_v after_o she_o be_v give_v for_o lose_v but_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a fleet_n that_o be_v order_v to_o follow_v after_o they_o be_v get_v together_o and_o have_v range_v themselves_o into_o order_n of_o battle_n engage_v the_o enemy_n take_v ten_o of_o their_o vessel_n with_o their_o equipage_n and_o sink_v eight_o whereupon_o the_o carthaginian_n retire_v with_o the_o remainder_n of_o their_o fleet_n to_o the_o island_n of_o lipara_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o success_n of_o this_o baâ—tel_n stand_v doubtful_a and_o either_o think_v he_o have_v the_o better_a of_o the_o other_o in_o the_o conflict_n they_o therefore_o set_v themselves_o to_o work_v with_o all_o their_o might_n upon_o their_o naval_a preparation_n to_o prosecute_v their_o contention_n for_o
the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n their_o troop_n perform_v little_a by_o land_n engage_v in_o no_o action_n of_o importance_n but_o have_v increase_v their_o naval_a power_n on_o both_o side_n they_o put_v to_o sea_n the_o follow_a summer_n the_o roman_n arrive_v at_o messina_n with_o a_o fleet_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o vessel_n as_o well_o long_o as_o cover_v from_o whence_o they_o stand_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n to_o the_o right-hand_a and_o have_v double_v the_o cape_n of_o pachin_n they_o stand_v towards_o eâ—nome_n where_o their_o land-force_n then_o be_v the_o carthaginian_n arrive_v first_o at_o lilibaeum_n their_o fleet_n consist_v of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o sail_n fit_v for_o service_n from_o thence_o they_o go_v to_o heraclea_n minoa_n where_o they_o remain_v at_o anchor_n the_o roman_n have_v now_o form_v a_o design_n to_o transport_v the_o war_n into_o africa_n to_o the_o end_n the_o carthaginian_n may_v find_v employment_n in_o the_o defence_n and_o preservation_n of_o their_o own_o country_n while_o they_o be_v solicitous_a to_o contest_v for_o the_o mastery_n in_o sicily_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o know_v full_a well_o how_o easy_a it_o be_v for_o a_o army_n to_o march_v to_o carthage_n and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v no_o difficulty_n for_o a_o enemy_n who_o have_v once_o get_v footing_n in_o their_o country_n to_o make_v what_o spoil_n he_o please_v make_v appear_v by_o their_o eagerness_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o oppose_v this_o design_n of_o the_o roman_n with_o their_o utmost_a power_n so_o that_o the_o one_o party_n have_v determine_v to_o defend_v and_o the_o other_o to_o assault_v it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o foresee_v by_o the_o obstinacy_n that_o appear_v in_o either_o that_o they_o will_v soon_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n the_o roman_n than_o take_v care_n so_o to_o provide_v themselves_o of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a as_o to_o be_v in_o a_o posture_n and_o condition_n either_o to_o make_v a_o descent_n on_o the_o enemy_n coast_n or_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n by_o sea_n to_o this_o end_n after_o they_o have_v first_o select_v all_o the_o prime_a man_n of_o their_o land-force_n they_o divide_v the_o army_n into_o four_o division_n to_o each_o of_o which_o they_o give_v two_o name_n the_o first_o they_o call_v the_o first_o legion_n and_o the_o first_o fleet_n observe_v the_o like_a order_n in_o the_o rest_n save_v that_o the_o four_o division_n have_v no_o other_o name_n than_o triarians_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o land-army_n in_o this_o fleet_n there_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o man_n that_o bear_v arm_n each_o galley_n have_v three_o hundred_o rower_n and_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o soldier_n as_o to_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o be_v most_o bend_v on_o a_o sea-ingagement_n their_o naval_a preparation_n be_v great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o as_o they_o exceed_v they_o in_o the_o number_n of_o their_o ship_n so_o their_o army_n be_v proportionable_o great_a consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o fight_a men._n and_o who_o now_o can_v contemplate_v the_o mighty_a hazard_n to_o which_o those_o two_o contend_a state_n be_v expose_v and_o but_o hear_v the_o account_n of_o the_o preparation_n of_o such_o fleet_n and_o army_n without_o astonishment_n and_o take_v part_n in_o the_o peril_n with_o which_o they_o threaten_v each_o other_o the_o roman_n have_v resolve_v to_o keep_v the_o sea_n as_o conclude_v it_o to_o be_v their_o safe_a course_n the_o carthaginian_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o they_o in_o the_o nimbleness_n and_o ready_a work_n of_o their_o galley_n wherefore_o they_o endeavour_v above_o all_o thing_n so_o to_o draw_v up_o and_o form_v their_o fleet_n that_o by_o the_o good_a order_n and_o disposition_n of_o their_o battle_n the_o enemy_n may_v be_v the_o more_o cautious_a how_o they_o approach_v to_o attack_v they_o which_o be_v in_o a_o word_n after_o this_o manner_n the_o two_o consul_n m._n atilius_n regulus_n and_o l._n manlius_n be_v in_o the_o two_o admiral-gally_n in_o the_o front_n of_o their_o two_o distinct_a squadron_n each_o of_o they_o just_a a-head_n of_o their_o own_o division_n and_o abreast_n of_o each_o other_o the_o first_o fleet_n be_v post_v on_o the_o right_n the_o second_o on_o the_o left_a make_v two_o long_a file_n or_o line_n of_o battle_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o give_v a_o due_a space_n between_o each_o galley_n to_o ply_v their_o oar_n and_o keep_v clear_a one_o of_o another_o and_o to_o have_v their_o head_n or_o prow_n look_v somewhat_o outward_o this_o manner_n of_o draw_v up_o do_v therefore_o natural_o form_v a_o angle_n the_o point_n whereof_o be_v at_o the_o two_o admiral-gally_n which_o be_v near_o together_o and_o as_o their_o two_o line_n be_v prolong_v so_o the_o distance_n grow_v consequent_o wide_a and_o wide_a towards_o the_o rear_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v the_o first_o and_o second_o fleet_n dispose_v the_o three_o legion_n be_v draw_v up_o frontways_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o and_o so_o stretch_v along_o from_o point_n to_o point_v compose_v a_o triangle_n whereof_o this_o three_o line_n be_v the_o base_a their_o vessel_n of_o burden_n that_o carry_v their_o horse_n and_o baggage_n be_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o and_o be_v by_o the_o help_n of_o small_a boat_n provide_v for_o that_o purpose_n tow_v or_o draw_v after_o they_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o be_v the_o four_o fleet_n call_v the_o triarians_n draw_v up_o likewise_o in_o rank_n or_o frontways_o parallel_n to_o the_o three_o but_o these_o make_v a_o long_a line_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o extremity_n stretch_v out_o and_o extend_v beyond_o the_o two_o angle_n at_o the_o base_a the_o several_a division_n of_o the_o army_n be_v thus_o dispose_v form_v as_o be_v say_v a_o triangle_n the_o area_n within_o be_v void_a but_o the_o base_a contain_v what_o we_o have_v already_o mention_v in_o a_o word_n the_o roman_a fleet_n be_v form_v into_o this_o figure_n be_v dispose_v for_o all_o that_o can_v happen_v nor_o will_v it_o have_v be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o have_v break_v they_o the_o carthaginian_a general_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n animate_v their_o soldier_n all_o they_o can_v in_o few_o word_n let_v they_o know_v that_o if_o they_o overcome_v the_o roman_n in_o this_o battle_n the_o war_n will_v then_o be_v prosecute_v in_o sicily_n only_o but_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v beat_v they_o will_v then_o be_v drive_v to_o fight_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o native_a country_n their_o own_o inheritance_n and_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n in_o short_a they_o give_v order_n for_o the_o speedy_a embarking_a their_o people_n which_o the_o soldier_n cheerful_o obey_v every_o one_o reflect_v on_o what_o their_o officer_n have_v remonstrate_v so_o they_o draw_v out_o of_o their_o port_n full_a of_o hope_n and_o resolution_n when_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v observe_v how_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v draw_v up_o they_o then_o determine_v after_o what_o manner_n to_o form_v their_o battle_n according_o they_o dispose_v their_o fleet_n into_o four_o squadron_n or_o division_n and_o draw_v it_o out_o into_o one_o long_a file_n that_o part_n to_o the_o right_n of_o this_o line_n stretch_v a_o great_a way_n out_o into_o the_o sea_n as_o if_o their_o purpose_n have_v be_v to_o enclose_v and_o surround_v the_o roman_n their_o prow_n point_v direct_o upon_o they_o the_o four_o squadron_n which_o be_v the_o leave_v of_o the_o line_n keep_v close_o under_o the_o shoar_n dispose_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o tenail_n hanno_n one_o of_o the_o general_n he_o who_o have_v succeed_v so_o ill_o at_o agrigentum_n be_v on_o the_o right_n with_o the_o first_o squadron_n have_v with_o he_o all_o the_o nimble_a and_o best_a row_v vessel_n of_o the_o fleet_n be_v such_o as_o be_v proper_a to_o attack_v and_o retreat_n and_o for_o their_o lightness_n can_v row_v round_o the_o roman_n hamilcar_n the_o same_o that_o fight_v near_o tindaris_n command_v the_o left-wing_n who_o after_o they_o come_v to_o engage_v devise_v a_o stratagem_n which_o show_v he_o a_o officer_n of_o experience_n the_o roman_n have_v observe_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n by_o stretch_v their_o battle_n to_o so_o great_a a_o length_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v but_o thin_o draw_v up_o they_o therefore_o attack_v they_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o line_n where_o the_o battle_n begin_v but_o the_o carthaginian_n pursuant_n to_o the_o order_n they_o have_v receive_v immediate_o retreat_v with_o purpose_n to_o separate_v and_o put_v the_o roman_n in_o disorder_n to_o pursue_v they_o who_o according_o press_v warm_o after_o they_o the_o first_o and_o second_o fleet_n be_v those_o who_o
example_n of_o great_a judgement_n and_o wisdom_n take_v his_o leave_n and_o depart_v from_o carthage_n foresee_v as_o it_o be_v that_o the_o service_n he_o have_v do_v they_o be_v a_o stranger_n as_o it_o be_v too_o great_a for_o a_o reward_n so_o it_o will_v soon_o contract_v he_o both_o envy_n and_o danger_n which_o a_o native_a by_o the_o power_n of_o interest_n relation_n and_o friendship_n will_v be_v better_a able_a to_o avoid_v while_o another_o will_v stand_v expose_v to_o ruin_n there_o be_v author_n who_o render_v a_o different_a account_n of_o xantippus_n departure_n whereof_o mention_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o a_o fit_a place_n and_o now_o the_o roman_n have_v receive_v a_o account_n of_o the_o posture_n of_o their_o affair_n in_o africa_n so_o contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n apply_v themselves_o with_o all_o diligence_n to_o the_o repair_n and_o equip_v their_o fleet_n and_o to_o rescue_v out_o of_o danger_n those_o who_o have_v escape_v from_o the_o battle_n while_o the_o carthaginian_n do_v their_o utmost_a to_o reduce_v they_o and_o get_v they_o into_o their_o power_n to_o which_o end_n they_o march_v to_o aspis_n and_o besiege_v it_o but_o the_o garrison_n make_v so_o brave_a and_o obstinate_a a_o defence_n that_o after_o the_o enemy_n have_v attempt_v their_o utmost_a to_o gain_v it_o they_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n when_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v receive_v advice_n that_o the_o roman_n be_v sit_v out_o a_o fresh_a fleet_n to_o attack_v they_o again_o they_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o refitting_a such_o of_o their_o vessel_n as_o be_v out_o of_o repair_n and_o to_o build_v new_a one_o to_o reinforce_v their_o navy_n and_o have_v equip_v and_o get_v together_o in_o a_o few_o day_n a_o fleet_n of_o about_o two_o hundred_o sail_n they_o resolve_v to_o put_v to_o sea_n and_o attempt_v to_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n descent_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o roman_n have_v make_v ready_a early_o in_o the_o spring_n a_o fleet_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o sail_n and_o embarking_a their_o army_n under_o the_o command_n of_o their_o new_a consul_n m._n aemilius_n and_o servius_n fulvius_n and_o stand_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n towards_o africa_n they_o meet_v and_o fight_v off_o of_o cape_n mercury_n with_o the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o first_o shock_n but_o be_v entire_o beat_v lose_v in_o the_o engagement_n and_o hundred_o and_o fourteen_o of_o their_o vessel_n and_o all_o that_o be_v in_o they_o to_o the_o roman_n who_o afterward_o prosecute_a their_o course_n arrive_v at_o aspis_n where_o take_v their_o man_n on_o board_n that_o remain_v in_o africa_n they_o shape_v their_o course_n back_o to_o sicily_n and_o be_v well_o advance_v on_o their_o way_n they_o be_v surprise_v off_o of_o camarina_n with_o so_o dreadful_a a_o tempest_n that_o the_o loss_n and_o hardship_n they_o sustain_v be_v without_o example_n and_o beyond_o expression_n so_o terrible_a it_o be_v that_o of_o three_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o odd_a vessel_n that_o compose_v their_o fleet_n fourscore_o only_a escape_v shipwreck_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o founder_v in_o the_o sea_n or_o be_v lose_v and_o break_v against_o the_o rock_n that_o whole_a coast_n be_v cover_v with_o dead_a body_n and_o strew_v with_o the_o ruin_n and_o fragment_n of_o their_o ship_n insomuch_o as_o history_n afford_v no_o example_n of_o the_o like_a dreadful_a disaster_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o this_o calamity_n be_v not_o owe_v so_o much_o to_o fortune_n as_o to_o the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o consul_n for_o the_o pilot_n endeavour_v to_o obviate_v the_o hazard_n they_o shall_v be_v expose_v to_o by_o navigate_a on_o that_o coast_n of_o sicily_n which_o border_n on_o the_o african_a sea_n there_o be_v there_o not_o only_a no_o harbour_n to_o succour_v vessel_n in_o distress_n but_o the_o season_n too_o of_o the_o year_n be_v now_o improper_a for_o by_o observation_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o orion_n and_o the_o dog-star_n they_o compute_v and_o know_v the_o safe_a season_n for_o navigation_n but_o the_o consul_n contemn_v their_o counsel_n stand_v bold_o out_o to_o sea_n in_o hope_n that_o after_o this_o signal_n victory_n their_o appear_v sudden_o on_o the_o coast_n may_v terrify_v many_o town_n and_o awe_v they_o to_o submission_n but_o their_o folly_n be_v chastise_v by_o this_o memorable_a loss_n which_o they_o sustain_v upon_o a_o motive_n much_o too_o little_a for_o the_o hazard_n the_o roman_n have_v indeed_o this_o inflexibility_n of_o mind_n peculiar_a to_o they_o believe_v that_o whatsoever_o they_o have_v resolve_v and_o determine_v to_o undertake_v aught_o to_o be_v indispensable_o perform_v and_o they_o have_v establish_v it_o into_o a_o principle_n that_o what_o they_o once_o have_v decree_v to_o execute_v can_v be_v impossible_a to_o bring_v to_o pass_v the_o effect_n indeed_o of_o a_o generous_a obstinacy_n but_o the_o cause_n oftentimes_o of_o their_o fall_n into_o pernicious_a error_n and_o misfortune_n and_o their_o sustain_a unspeakable_a loss_n especial_o in_o their_o naval-expedition_n as_o to_o their_o exploit_n by_o land_n where_o the_o encounter_n be_v only_a man_n to_o man_n their_o courage_n frequent_o conduct_n they_o to_o the_o success_n they_o propose_v by_o reason_n their_o adventure_n be_v with_o man_n like_o themselves_o and_o yet_o there_o want_v not_o example_n wherein_o their_o measure_n and_o force_n have_v fail_v and_o they_o have_v sink_v and_o miscarry_v under_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o enterprise_n but_o whenever_o by_o a_o temerarious_a audacity_n they_o act_n against_o these_o rage_a element_n and_o attempt_v to_o vanquish_v the_o sea_n and_o wind_n they_o be_v sure_a to_o reap_v no_o other_o fruit_n of_o their_o obstinacy_n than_o loss_n and_o calamity_n this_o we_o have_v now_o mention_v be_v a_o instance_n and_o they_o have_v heretofore_o smart_v by_o the_o like_a error_n and_o they_o shall_v always_o stand_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o disaster_n till_o they_o appear_v better_o advise_v and_o instruct_v in_o the_o weakness_n of_o that_o over_o wean_a presumption_n which_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o entertain_v in_o all_o their_o design_n vain_o imagine_v that_o both_o sea_n and_o land_n shall_v on_o all_o occasion_n consent_v and_o open_v their_o way_n to_o success_n in_o all_o their_o enterprise_n the_o carthaginian_n upon_o advice_n of_o this_o misfortune_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o sea_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o shall_v now_o be_v a_o match_n for_o they_o by_o land_n whereunto_o they_o be_v persuade_v through_o the_o late_a victory_n they_o have_v gain_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v equal_a to_o they_o likewise_o by_o sea_n they_o have_v no_o doubt_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o late_a great_a loss_n by_o tempest_n howbeit_o they_o omit_v not_o to_o reinforce_v their_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n they_o dispatch_v asdrubal_n into_o sicily_n to_o who_o beside_o the_o force_n already_o there_o they_o order_v a_o far_a supply_n of_o troop_n out_o of_o those_o that_o be_v late_o draw_v out_o of_o heraclea_n together_o with_o a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o elephant_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o depart_v but_o they_o send_v after_o he_o two_o hundred_o vessel_n lade_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o war_n asdrubal_n be_v safe_o arrive_v at_o lilybaeum_n apply_v himself_o with_o diligence_n to_o exercise_n and_o discipline_n his_o troop_n and_o elephant_n intend_v to_o spread_v his_o arm_n all_o over_o the_o country_n and_o to_o make_v himself_o entire_a master_n of_o the_o field_n as_o for_o the_o roman_n they_o be_v not_o without_o a_o very_a sensible_a sorrow_n when_o by_o those_o who_o have_v escape_v shipwreck_n they_o receive_v a_o account_n of_o the_o mighty_a loss_n they_o have_v sustain_v at_o sea_n nevertheless_o be_v determine_v not_o to_o yield_v the_o advantage_n to_o the_o enemy_n they_o order_v a_o new_a fleet_n to_o be_v speedy_o build_v to_o consist_v of_o two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o sail_n which_o fleet_n a_o wonderful_a and_o incredible_a thing_n to_o relate_v be_v complete_o build_v and_o finish_v in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o month_n on_o which_o the_o new_a consul_n aulus_n atilius_n and_o c._n cornelius_n speedy_o embark_v who_o after_o have_v pass_v the_o straight_a and_o touch_v at_o messina_n to_o take_v with_o they_o the_o vessel_n that_o have_v be_v save_v in_o the_o late_a storm_n shape_v their_o course_n for_o palermo_n with_o a_o naval-army_n consist_v of_o three_o hundred_o sail_n and_o forthwith_o sit_v down_o and_o besiege_v that_o place_n which_o then_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o sicily_n they_o make_v their_o attack_n in_o two_o several_a place_n and_o when_o their_o work_n be_v advance_v to_o their_o mind_n they_o approach_v with_o their_o
naval_a army_n in_o short_a the_o design_n be_v general_o approve_v the_o seaman_n old_a and_o new_a comer_n be_v forthwith_o order_v to_o embark_v and_o out_o of_o the_o legion_n the_o choice_a best_a know_v and_o willinge_a man_n be_v pick_v to_o embark_v in_o this_o expedition_n which_o they_o conclude_v will_v be_v but_o short_a and_o the_o profit_n they_o shall_v reap_v be_v as_o it_o be_v certain_a order_n be_v now_o according_o give_v and_o obey_v without_o give_v the_o least_o jealousy_n to_o the_o enemy_n the_o army_n depart_v about_o midnight_n the_o man_n stow_v close_o and_o mingle_v promiscuos_o a-board_o keep_v the_o coast_n on_o their_o right-hand_n as_o soon_o as_o day_n break_v and_o the_o headmost_a of_o the_o fleet_n be_v descry_v from_o drepanum_n adherbal_n become_v much_o surprise_v at_o this_o unlooked_a for_o danger_n but_o soon_o recollect_v his_o mind_n and_o behold_v the_o enemy_n now_o at_o hand_n he_o determine_v to_o perform_v all_o that_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o to_o execute_v and_o engage_v in_o any_o hazard_n rather_o than_o endure_v a_o siege_n which_o by_o the_o preparation_n he_o see_v threaten_v he_o he_o therefore_o assemble_v all_o the_o seaman_n and_o soldier_n belong_v to_o the_o fleet_n upon_o the_o shoar_n and_o order_v by_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n the_o mercenary_a troop_n to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o join_v they_o with_o who_o be_v now_o assemble_v he_o declare_v to_o they_o in_o few_o word_n that_o he_o be_v well_o assure_v they_o shall_v be_v too_o hard_a for_o the_o roman_n if_o they_o will_v resolve_v to_o oppose_v they_o resolute_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o they_o through_o fear_n behave_v themselves_o ill_o the_o consequence_n will_v be_v to_o endure_v all_o the_o suffering_n and_o calamity_n incident_a to_o a_o siege_n hereupon_o the_o army_n unanimous_o declare_v their_o forwardness_n to_o engage_v and_o require_v with_o one_o voice_n to_o be_v lead_v forthwith_o a-board_o adherbal_n after_o he_o have_v let_v they_o know_v that_o their_o behaviour_n please_v he_o and_o applaud_v this_o their_o forwardness_n make_v they_o embark_v and_o lead_v himself_o the_o van_n direct_v the_o fleet_n to_o follow_v and_o do_v as_o he_o do_v so_o put_v out_o to_o sea_n he_o draw_v up_o near_o the_o rock_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o coast_n face_v the_o enemy_n who_o be_v now_o enter_v into_o the_o haven_n the_o consul_n publius_n observe_v the_o enemy_n contrary_a to_o his_o opinion_n to_o make_v this_o stand_v and_o that_o this_o his_o sudden_a attempt_n do_v not_o only_o affright_v they_o but_o that_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o behold_v they_o in_o a_o posture_n ready_a to_o give_v he_o battle_n order_v the_o fleet_n to_o tack_n and_o stand_v back_o again_o whereof_o the_o headmost_a be_v now_o enter_v into_o the_o port_n some_o be_v in_o the_o haven_n mouth_n and_o other_o not_o far_o off_o but_o while_o those_o in_o the_o van_n who_o have_v receive_v their_o order_n be_v haste_v back_o they_o encounter_v the_o other_o who_o be_v yet_o stand_v in_o by_o which_o mean_n fall_v foul_a one_o of_o another_o many_o both_o ship_n and_o man_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o perish_v but_o in_o short_a they_o draw_v out_o as_o they_o be_v able_a and_o as_o they_o get_v clear_a and_o obtain_v sea-room_n they_o put_v themselves_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n along_o the_o shoar_n with_o their_o prow_n point_v towards_o the_o enemy_n publius_n who_o bring_v up_o the_o rear_n of_o his_o fleet_n stand_v off_o to_o sea_n and_o post_v himself_o on_o the_o left_a of_o his_o line_n but_o adherbal_n have_v pass_v the_o right-wing_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o the_o head_n of_o five_o galley_n with_o arm_a beak_n turn_v the_o prow_n of_o his_o own_o vessel_n upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o make_v a_o signal_n for_o the_o rest_n that_o follow_v he_o to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o be_v now_o draw_v up_o in_o front_n he_o put_v out_o his_o sign_n for_o the_o attack_z and_o so_o in_o good_a order_n they_o advance_v against_o the_o roman_n who_o as_o be_v observe_v be_v draw_v up_o along_o or_o under_o the_o shoar_n attend_v the_o arrival_n of_o their_o vessel_n which_o be_v not_o all_o yet_o get_v out_o of_o the_o port_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o fight_a great_o to_o their_o disadvantage_n so_o near_o the_o land_n the_o two_o fleet_n be_v now_o near_o and_o the_o flag_n of_o defiance_n on_o both_o side_n put_v abroad_o the_o battle_n begin_v where_o for_o a_o while_n the_o conflict_n seem_v to_o be_v equal_a both_o fleet_n have_v on_o board_n the_o hardy_a man_n they_o can_v pick_v out_o of_o their_o respective_a land-army_n but_o in_o the_o end_n victory_n begin_v by_o degree_n to_o declare_v for_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o from_o the_o beginning_n have_v in_o many_o point_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o short_a they_o surpass_v they_o in_o the_o nimbleness_n of_o their_o ship_n which_o be_v every_o way_n of_o a_o better_o build_v and_o contrivance_n their_o seaman_n be_v likewise_o more_o experience_v and_o able_a man_n they_o be_v post_v also_o great_o to_o their_o advantage_n have_v sea-room_n wherein_o to_o work_v their_o vessel_n as_o occasion_v require_v so_o that_o at_o any_o time_n when_o press_v by_o the_o enemy_n they_o can_v draw_v off_o spread_v themselves_o or_o draw_v close_o together_o at_o pleasure_n wherein_o the_o lightness_n of_o their_o vessel_n very_o much_o avail_v furthermore_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o enemy_n have_v give_v chase_n to_o any_o of_o their_o galley_n and_o be_v separate_v any_o distance_n from_o their_o fleet_n they_o will_v then_o tack_v upon_o they_o and_o intercept_n they_o who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o heavy_a work_n and_o the_o unskilfulness_n of_o the_o roman_a mariner_n can_v not_o disengage_v themselves_o so_o row_v round_o they_o and_o come_v on_o their_o flank_n with_o their_o prow_n they_o sink_v many_o of_o they_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n when_o any_o of_o the_o carthaginian_a vessel_n chance_v to_o be_v hard_o press_v they_o can_v come_v with_o expedition_n up_o to_o their_o relief_n and_o succour_v they_o without_o hazard_n but_o we_o may_v say_v of_o the_o roman_n that_o all_o those_o benefit_n which_o their_o enemy_n enjoy_v be_v want_v to_o they_o if_o they_o chance_v to_o be_v chase_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o retire_v for_o the_o shoar_n under_o which_o they_o seek_v insomuch_o that_o when_o they_o be_v hard_o drive_v and_o be_v force_v to_o give_v back_o they_o be_v either_o run_v aground_o on_o the_o sand_n or_o lose_v against_o the_o rock_n furthermore_o the_o roman_n be_v bereave_v of_o one_o principal_a benefit_n which_o much_o conduce_v to_o success_n in_o naval_a engagement_n namely_o that_o through_o of_o the_o sluggishness_n of_o their_o vessel_n and_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o their_o mariner_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o come_v up_o and_o attack_v the_o enemy_n in_o flank_n as_o occasion_v offer_v nor_o come_v and_o fall_v on_o they_o in_o the_o rear_n who_o be_v already_o engage_v in_o a_o word_n those_o who_o be_v a-stern_a be_v not_o able_a to_o come_v up_o the_o assistance_n of_o those_o who_o be_v press_v at_o a_o distance_n a-head_n be_v obstruct_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o shoar_n want_v void_a space_n wherein_o to_o move_v and_o bring_v their_o succour_n where_o it_o be_v needful_a the_o consul_n observe_v at_o length_n the_o distress_n of_o his_o fleet_n that_o some_o be_v aground_n on_o the_o sand_n and_o other_o lose_v against_o the_o rock_n himself_o and_o about_o thirty_o vessel_n that_o follow_v he_o stand_v away_o to_o the_o left_a and_o retire_v out_o of_o the_o battle_n leave_v ninety_o three_o of_o his_o galley_n take_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n very_o few_o of_o the_o man_n belong_v to_o those_o that_o be_v lose_v against_o the_o shoar_n escape_v this_o be_v a_o glorious_a action_n for_o adherbal_n to_o who_o the_o carthaginian_n do_v very_o great_a honour_n attribute_v the_o success_n pure_o to_o his_o single_a virtue_n and_o bravery_n while_o the_o roman_n treat_v their_o consul_n with_o grievous_a reproach_n lay_v the_o whole_a disaster_n and_o the_o danger_n to_o which_o his_o country_n be_v thereby_o reduce_v to_o his_o sole_a folly_n and_o temerity_n formal_o call_v he_o to_o his_o trial_n and_o load_v he_o with_o a_o very_a rigorous_a sentence_n nevertheless_o they_o abate_v nothing_o of_o their_o resolution_n upon_o these_o misfortune_n which_o do_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a slacken_v their_o purpose_n to_o stretch_v their_o utmost_a strength_n to_o recover_v new_a force_n for_o prosecute_v the_o war_n such_o be_v the_o contention_n between_o those_o two_o people_n who_o shall_v remain_v superior_a and_o now_o one_o of_o the_o two_o new_a choose_a consul_n l._n junius_n be_v dispatch_v over_o
conquest_n of_o that_o part_n of_o their_o dominion_n lie_v about_o hecatompolis_n they_o levy_v soldier_n likewise_o from_o all_o part_n and_o command_v all_o their_o citizen_n who_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n to_o be_v muster_v they_o exercise_v the_o horse_n also_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o city_n and_o repair_v their_o decay_a ship_n and_o order_v the_o building_n of_o new_a one_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n matho_n and_o spendius_n who_o have_v seventy_o thousand_o african_n in_o their_o army_n besiege_v utica_n and_o hippona_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n be_v without_o any_o apprehension_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o they_o keep_v guard_n in_o their_o camp_n near_o tune_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o carthaginian_n be_v debar_v all_o commerce_n and_o communication_n with_o africa_n for_o carthage_n be_v situate_a on_o a_o peninsula_n which_o run_v far_o out_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v bound_v by_o that_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o by_o marish_a and_o unpassable_a ground_n so_o that_o the_o isthmus_n that_o join_v it_o to_o the_o continent_n be_v not_o three_o mile_n broad_a utica_n stand_v not_o far_o from_o that_o part_n of_o carthage_n which_o regard_v the_o sea_n and_o tune_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o marish_a ground_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v encamp_v in_o those_o two_o place_n do_v in_o effect_n not_o only_a block_n up_o the_o carthaginian_n from_o the_o continent_n but_o even_o alarm_v the_o city_n itself_o march_v sometime_o by_o night_n some_o time_n by_o day_n to_o their_o very_a wall_n fill_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o great_a fear_n and_o disorder_n neverthelsss_n hanno_n omit_v no_o part_n of_o his_o charge_n make_v all_o provision_n possible_a for_o the_o war_n wherein_o he_o be_v very_o capable_a be_v well_o practise_v in_o affair_n of_o that_o nature_n but_o he_o be_v find_v no_o able_a soldier_n whensoever_o he_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n for_o he_o know_v not_o how_o to_o improve_v occasion_n of_o advantage_n and_o not_o only_o manifest_v his_o want_n of_o judgement_n but_o of_o courage_n too_o when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o trial_n for_o march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o utica_n when_o he_o have_v terrify_v and_o disorder_v the_o enemy_n by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o elephant_n whereof_o he_o have_v a_o hundred_o in_o his_o army_n and_o victory_n have_v already_o declare_v for_o he_o yet_o through_o his_o default_n not_o only_o the_o army_n but_o the_o town_n itself_o be_v in_o great_a hazard_n of_o be_v lose_v for_o have_v bring_v from_o carthage_n all_o sort_n of_o machine_n engine_n and_o equipage_n of_o war_n proper_a for_o the_o attack_z of_o town_n and_o encamp_v near_o utica_n he_o assault_v the_o enemy_n work_n who_o not_o able_a to_o stand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o elephant_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v their_o camp_n many_o be_v slay_v by_o those_o animal_n and_o such_o as_o escape_v retire_v to_o a_o neighbour_a mountain_n for_o safety_n which_o be_v strong_a by_o situation_n and_o overgrow_v with_o wood_n they_o think_v themselves_o there_o secure_a enough_o while_o hanno_n who_o have_v be_v accustom_a to_o make_v war_n with_o the_o african_n and_o numidian_n who_o upon_o any_o defeat_n be_v wont_a to_o retreat_n as_o far_o from_o danger_n as_o they_o be_v able_a often_o sly_v for_o two_o or_o three_o day_n together_o think_v himself_o secure_a of_o the_o victory_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n have_v be_v total_o defeat_v insomuch_o that_o he_o neglect_v the_o guard_n of_o his_o camp_n leave_v his_o soldier_n at_o liberty_n and_o retire_v into_o the_o town_n there_o make_v good_a cheer_n and_o thought_n of_o nothing_o but_o his_o ease_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o enemy_n who_o have_v be_v well_o train_v in_o war_n and_o have_v learn_v of_o their_o leader_n hamilcar_n in_o sicily_n how_o to_o sustain_v such_o shock_n and_o rencounter_n lay_v hold_v on_o this_o occasion_n for_o be_v use_v to_o fly_v before_o a_o enemy_n and_o to_o face_n again_o and_z attack_z in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n those_o who_o have_v pursue_v they_o and_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o hanno_n be_v retire_v into_o the_o town_n and_o that_o the_o soldier_n confident_a of_o their_o victory_n neglect_v their_o duty_n in_o guard_v the_o camp_n they_o march_v forthwith_o down_o and_o attack_v their_o retrenchment_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n and_o constrain_v the_o rest_n shameful_o to_o retreat_n into_o the_o town_n take_v all_o their_o baggage_n engine_n and_o equipage_n of_o war._n nor_o be_v this_o the_o only_a occasion_n wherein_o hanno_n have_v give_v mark_n of_o his_o insufficiency_n for_o this_o disaster_n be_v follow_v by_o another_o soon_o after_o near_o a_o town_n call_v gorza_n for_o notwithstanding_o he_o lay_v encamp_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o have_v it_o in_o his_o power_n total_o to_o have_v subdue_v they_o after_o have_v twice_o worsted_n they_o in_o battle_n nevertheless_o by_o his_o imprudence_n the_o opportunity_n be_v lose_v wherefore_o the_o carthaginian_n dissatisfy_v with_o the_o conduct_n of_o hanno_n give_v the_o command_n of_o their_o army_n once_o again_o to_o hamilcar_n barcas_fw-la and_o dispatch_v he_o to_o the_o field_n with_o seventy_o elephant_n and_o all_o the_o foreigner_n they_o can_v get_v together_o with_o the_o militia_n of_o the_o city_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n amount_v in_o all_o to_o about_o ten_o thousand_o men._n with_o this_o army_n he_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n who_o he_o surprise_v in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o remove_v their_o camp_n and_o raise_v their_o siege_n from_o before_o utica_n for_o which_o action_n alone_o he_o be_v judge_v worthy_a of_o the_o great_a character_n he_o have_v obtain_v in_o the_o world_n and_o confirm_v the_o hope_n they_o have_v conceive_v of_o his_o success_n and_o here_o we_o have_v a_o occasion_n to_o make_v recital_n of_o his_o adventure_n during_o this_o expedition_n on_o the_o narrow_a or_o slip_v of_o land_n and_o that_o join_v carthage_n to_o the_o continent_n stand_v two_o mountain_n almost_o inaccessible_a on_o the_o side_n that_o look_v towards_o the_o country_n in_o those_o two_o mountain_n there_o be_v two_o way_n or_o pass_n make_v by_o art_n which_o lead_v into_o the_o champaign_n these_o mountain_n be_v possess_v by_o matho_n who_o have_v place_v guard_n in_o every_o needful_a place_n furthermore_o the_o river_n macar_n hinder_v all_o passage_n from_o carthage_n into_o the_o country_n on_o that_o side_n which_o be_v so_o deep_a as_o to_o be_v no_o where_o fordable_a over_o which_o river_n there_o be_v but_o one_o bridge_n near_o which_o there_o stand_v a_o village_n which_o matho_n possess_v likewise_o and_o guard_v with_o great_a vigilance_n by_o this_o mean_n not_o only_o a_o army_n can_v not_o pass_v but_o even_o a_o single_a man_n can_v hardly_o get_v passage_n undiscovered_a of_o the_o enemy_n this_o be_v well_o consider_v by_o hamilcar_n who_o have_v a_o watchful_a eye_n everywhere_o light_n at_o length_n on_o a_o stratagem_n which_o afford_v he_o the_o only_a mean_n to_o get_v his_o passage_n he_o have_v remark_v that_o upon_o the_o blow_n of_o certain_a wind_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n use_v to_o be_v choke_v up_o with_o sand_n which_o be_v wont_v to_o bank_n up_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o bar_n and_o afford_v a_o kind_n of_o watery_a passage_n over_o the_o river_n he_o therefore_o march_v his_o army_n to_o the_o river_n mouth_n where_o he_o halt_v without_o communicate_v the_o reason_n to_o any_o body_n till_o those_o favourable_a wind_n we_o mention_v shall_v blow_v which_o no_o soon_o happen_v but_o he_o march_v his_o army_n by_o night_n over_o the_o river_n without_o give_v the_o least_o suspicion_n to_o the_o enemy_n this_o action_n wherein_o he_o perform_v great_a service_n and_o think_v to_o be_v impossible_a be_v matter_n of_o great_a astonishment_n both_o to_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o the_o enemy_n and_o now_o hamilcar_n get_v into_o the_o plain_n and_o march_v towards_o those_o that_o guard_v the_o bridge_n spendius_n receive_v advice_n of_o what_o have_v pass_v get_v before_o he_o and_o march_n on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o a_o body_n of_o above_o ten_o thousand_o man_n which_o he_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o town_n near_o the_o bridge_n and_o on_o the_o other_o be_v at_o least_o fifteen_o thousand_o which_o he_o order_v from_o the_o camp_n before_o utica_n with_o purpose_n by_o that_o manner_n of_o proceed_v to_o surround_v and_o hem_v hamilcar_n army_n in_o under_o which_o hope_n the_o soldier_n become_v so_o attentive_a that_o they_o punctual_o obey_v the_o order_n they_o receive_v and_o mutual_o animate_v each_o other_o to_o do_v their_o duty_n as_o they_o ought_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n hamilcar_n advance_v with_o the_o elephant_n in_o his_o front_n than_o the_o cavalry_n with_o the_o
the_o dominion_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n return_v to_o their_o obedience_n utica_n and_o hippona_n only_o except_v which_o continue_v in_o their_o obstinacy_n who_o be_v indeed_o without_o hope_n of_o favour_n have_v no_o ground_n to_o demand_v it_o for_o from_o the_o first_o of_o their_o defection_n they_o act_v against_o the_o carthaginian_n so_o as_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o prospect_n of_o pardon_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o instruction_n how_o necessary_a it_o prove_v even_o in_o those_o sort_n of_o crime_n whereof_o we_o have_v be_v treat_v to_o leave_v some_o place_n for_o moderation_n and_o not_o to_o act_v beyond_o the_o power_n of_o reparation_n in_o short_a hamilcar_n set_v down_o before_o those_o two_o town_n reduce_v they_o at_o length_n to_o mercy_n and_o so_o end_v the_o war_n of_o africa_n which_o have_v bring_v the_o carthaginian_a state_n in_o so_o much_o danger_n and_o now_o they_o see_v their_o dominion_n restore_v and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o rebellion_n punish_v matho_n and_o those_o take_v with_o he_o after_o they_o be_v carry_v in_o triumph_n about_o the_o city_n and_o treat_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o ignominy_n and_o use_v in_o the_o cruel_a manner_n that_o can_v be_v invent_v be_v at_o length_n torment_v to_o death_n this_o war_n last_v three_o year_n and_o near_o four_o month_n and_o contain_v more_o act_n of_o cruelty_n and_o inhumanity_n than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v any_o where_o else_o in_o story_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o roman_n be_v solicit_v by_o the_o mercenary_n who_o be_v beat_v out_o of_o sardinia_n and_o be_v flee_v to_o they_o determine_v to_o attempt_v the_o possession_n of_o that_o great_a island_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v the_o right_n of_o first_o possession_n will_v not_o endure_v the_o injury_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v now_o prepare_v a_o army_n to_o go_v over_o and_o punish_v the_o infidelity_n of_o those_o islander_n the_o roman_n interpret_n those_o preparation_n to_o be_v against_o they_o take_v thence_o occasion_n to_o declare_v a_o new_a war_n on_o they_o but_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o have_v but_o just_a lay_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o know_v themselves_o to_o be_v much_o too_o weak_a and_o no_o way_n in_o a_o condition_n to_o wage_v war_n with_o they_o find_v it_o their_o best_a course_n to_o submit_v and_o do_v not_o only_o yield_v up_o their_o right_n to_o sardinia_n to_o the_o roman_n but_o buy_v their_o peace_n at_o the_o price_n of_o twelve_o hundred_o talent_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n polybius_n general_a history_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o the_o world_n vol._n i._o book_n ii_o we_o have_v show_v in_o our_o former_a book_n at_o what_o time_n it_o be_v that_o the_o roman_n first_o adventure_v on_o foreign_a expedition_n after_o they_o have_v compose_v their_o affair_n in_o italy_n we_o have_v relate_v the_o motive_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o transport_v their_o arm_n into_o sicily_n and_o upon_o what_o ground_n they_o make_v war_n on_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o contend_v with_o they_o for_o the_o dominion_n of_o that_o island_n we_o have_v also_o note_v the_o time_n when_o the_o roman_n first_o engage_v on_o naval_a action_n and_o what_o occur_v during_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o war_n till_o the_o carthaginian_n total_o relinquish_v their_o pretension_n to_o sicily_n and_o their_o enemy_n become_v master_n of_o it_o all_o but_o what_o be_v reserve_v to_o king_n hiero._n then_o we_o come_v to_o relate_v the_o transaction_n of_o the_o war_n make_v by_o the_o carthaginian_a mercinary_n on_o their_o master_n which_o be_v call_v the_o war_n of_o africa_n we_o have_v likewise_o in_o that_o account_n give_v example_n of_o the_o utmost_a degree_n of_o the_o barbarity_n of_o human_a nature_n and_o tell_v what_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o so_o many_o savage_a action_n pursue_v the_o story_n to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n wherein_o the_o carthaginian_n remain_v with_o victory_n now_o we_o shall_v proceed_v according_a to_o our_o first_o purpose_n to_o set_v down_o subsequent_a occurrence_n for_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v no_o soon_o compose_v their_o african_a trouble_n when_o they_o raise_v a_o new_a army_n the_o command_n when_o which_o be_v give_v to_o hamilcar_n barcas_fw-la with_o direction_n to_o transport_v it_o into_o spain_n who_o take_v his_o son_n hannibal_n with_o he_o not_o then_o above_o nine_o year_n old_a cross_v the_o sea_n somewhere_o near_o the_o straight_a of_o hercules_n pillar_n and_o begin_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a greatness_n in_o spain_n where_o after_o he_o have_v command_v for_o the_o space_n of_o almost_o nine_o year_n and_o bring_v many_o nation_n to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o that_o government_n subdue_a some_o by_o force_n and_o win_v other_o by_o address_n he_o at_o length_n end_v his_o day_n in_o a_o manner_n worthy_a of_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o name_n be_v slay_v in_o battle_n brave_o fight_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o troop_n against_o a_o formidable_a enemy_n that_o oppose_v he_o upon_o who_o death_n the_o carthaginian_n give_v his_o command_n to_o asdrubal_n his_o kinsman_n at_o that_o time_n general_n of_o their_o galley_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o roman_n transport_v a_o army_n and_o make_v their_o first_o expedition_n into_o illyria_n and_o the_o part_n adjacent_a so_o that_o whosoever_o will_v curious_o search_v into_o the_o history_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n be_v to_o have_v special_a regard_n to_o that_o part_n of_o their_o story_n the_o cause_n move_v to_o this_o expedition_n seem_v to_o be_v these_o agro_n at_o that_o time_n king_n of_o illyria_n son_n of_o pleuratus_n surpass_v by_o much_o all_o his_o predecessor_n in_o power_n and_o greatness_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n he_o have_v promise_v demetrius_n father_n of_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n who_o have_v gain_v he_o with_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o send_v succour_n to_o the_o mydionians_n who_o the_o aetolian_n at_o that_o time_n have_v besiege_v move_v it_o seem_v thereunto_o for_o that_o they_o refuse_v to_o join_v with_o they_o to_o live_v under_o the_o same_o law_n who_o they_o therefore_o have_v determine_v to_o reduce_v by_o arms._n and_o have_v levy_v a_o army_n from_o among_o that_o people_n they_o declare_v war_n against_o those_o of_o mydionia_n who_o city_n they_o great_o distress_v attacking_z it_z with_o machines_n and_n engine_n of_o all_o sort_n during_o this_o siege_n the_o time_n draw_v near_a wherein_o the_o aetolian_n be_v oblige_v to_o choose_v a_o new_a praetor_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o besiege_a be_v now_o bring_v to_o extremity_n and_o that_o there_o be_v hope_n they_o will_v soon_o capitulate_v the_o present_a praetor_n who_o then_o command_v the_o army_n remonstrate_v to_o the_o aetolian_n that_o in_o regard_n he_o have_v bear_v the_o toil_n and_o hazard_v of_o the_o siege_n it_o seem_v but_o just_a that_o he_o may_v be_v permit_v to_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o dispose_v of_o the_o booty_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o take_v the_o place_n but_o this_o proposition_n find_v opposer_n especial_o among_o those_o who_o be_v candidate_n in_o the_o new_a election_n who_o persuade_v the_o people_n by_o no_o mean_n to_o consent_v to_o any_o innovation_n in_o their_o custom_n but_o to_o manage_v their_o affair_n according_a to_o the_o prescription_n of_o their_o law_n and_o leave_v the_o issue_n to_o fortune_n whereupon_o the_o aetolian_n resolve_v to_o proceed_v to_o the_o election_n allot_v however_o the_o profit_n and_o honour_n that_o be_v to_o be_v win_v to_o be_v divide_v between_o he_o that_o now_o command_v and_o the_o other_o who_o shall_v be_v choose_v three_o day_n after_o this_o determination_n be_v to_o be_v the_o election_n when_o the_o new_a officer_n be_v immediate_o to_o enter_v on_o his_o charge_n according_a to_o custom_n but_o in_o the_o interim_n there_o arrive_v a_o fleet_n of_o a_o hundred_o small_a vessel_n with_o a_o re-inforcement_n of_o five_o thousand_o illyrian_n who_o at_o break_v of_o day_n land_v secret_o near_o the_o town_n and_o immediate_o put_v themselves_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n according_a to_o their_o manner_n and_o be_v form_v in_o several_a division_n they_o advance_v towards_o the_o aetolian_n camp_n who_o be_v much_o surprise_v at_o the_o hardiness_n of_o this_o sudden_a attempt_n nevertheless_o they_o lose_v nothing_o of_o their_o usual_a assurance_n and_o the_o pride_n that_o be_v become_v habitual_a to_o that_o nation_n for_o they_o rely_v on_o their_o courage_n and_o presume_v their_o army_n be_v not_o to_o be_v beat_v they_o have_v many_o troop_n heavy_a arm_v and_o abound_v in_o horse_n these_o they_o command_v to_o march_v out_o and_o embattle_v they_o in_o plain_a ground_n before_o their_o camp_n they_o likewise_o order_v their_o light_n arm_v troop_n and_o some_o horse_n to_o take_v
other_o mingle_v and_o fight_v without_o any_o order_n here_o atilius_n the_o consul_n engage_v too_o far_o be_v slay_v who_o head_n be_v immediate_o carry_v to_o the_o gaulish_a king_n but_o this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o dishearten_v the_o roman_a horse_n who_o maintain_v their_o post_n and_o repulse_v the_o enemy_n and_o now_o the_o foot_n come_v to_o join_v battle_n where_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o encounter_n be_v not_o only_o violent_a and_o terrible_a to_o those_o who_o be_v engage_v but_o also_o will_v always_o appear_v so_o to_o such_o as_o shall_v hear_v the_o relation_n and_o to_o who_o view_n the_o pen_n of_o the_o historian_n shall_v describe_v it_o in_o a_o word_n where_o three_o army_n be_v thus_o engage_v who_o will_v not_o conclude_v but_o the_o spectacle_n of_o such_o a_o battle_n and_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o contest_v be_v whole_o new_a and_o surprise_v furthermore_o who_o will_v not_o at_o this_o day_n judge_n or_o who_o will_v not_o then_o have_v conclude_v that_o the_o manner_n and_o order_n wherein_o the_o gaul_n be_v draw_v up_o will_v not_o either_o prove_v fatal_a to_o they_o as_o be_v to_o receive_v a_o enemy_n in_o front_n and_o rear_n or_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o contribute_v to_o the_o victory_n as_o have_v two_o army_n to_o deal_v with_o they_o have_v order_v it_o so_o that_o divide_v their_o army_n one_o part_n thereof_o sustain_v the_o other_o whereby_o the_o enemy_n can_v never_o attack_v their_o rear_n over_o and_o above_o all_o temptation_n of_o flight_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v take_v away_o for_o they_o can_v neither_o go_v forward_o nor_o retire_v and_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v vanquish_v they_o be_v bereave_v of_o all_o mean_n of_o escape_n which_o be_v a_o advantage_n only_o to_o be_v find_v when_o a_o army_n be_v so_o form_v front_v two_o several_a way_n the_o roman_n be_v not_o however_o without_o their_o reason_n to_o expect_v success_n who_o have_v their_o enemy_n surround_v and_o hem_v in_o on_o all_o side_n while_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o formidable_a appearance_n and_o the_o tumultuous_a noise_n of_o the_o gallic_a army_n give_v they_o terror_n enough_o for_o beside_o the_o mighty_a sound_n of_o their_o instrument_n and_o other_o martial_a instrument_n wherein_o they_o abound_v the_o shout_n and_o clamour_n of_o their_o soldier_n be_v so_o great_a that_o not_o only_o their_o instrument_n and_o their_o man_n but_o the_o adjacent_a hill_n that_o environ_v they_o seem_v to_o echo_v and_o resound_v the_o noise_n moreover_o the_o countenance_n and_o behaviour_n of_o those_o who_o march_v naked_a at_o the_o head_n of_o their_o army_n be_v a_o sight_n entire_o new_a those_o giantlike_a man_n strong_a and_o well_o fashion_v in_o the_o prime_n and_o strength_n of_o their_o age_n where_o you_o behold_v none_o in_o their_o first_o rank_n who_o be_v not_o adorn_v with_o chain_n collar_n and_o bracelet_n of_o gold_n in_o a_o word_n as_o this_o extraordinary_a spectacle_n can_v not_o but_o give_v the_o roman_n terror_n so_o the_o hope_n of_o such_o a_o booty_n lend_v they_o assurance_n also_o when_o the_o light_n arm_v troop_n be_v advance_v after_o the_o roman_a manner_n a_o good_a distance_n before_o the_o army_n have_v begin_v the_o battle_n by_o a_o shower_n of_o weapon_n they_o cast_v at_o the_o enemy_n the_o garment_n of_o the_o gaul_n who_o be_v in_o the_o second_o rank_n do_v in_o some_o sort_n defend_v their_o body_n but_o it_o fare_v otherwise_o with_o the_o goesates_n who_o fight_v naked_a in_o the_o van_n for_o these_o find_v their_o entertainment_n quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o they_o expect_v know_v not_o how_o to_o behave_v themselves_o or_o what_o course_n to_o take_v for_o the_o gaul_n buckler_n be_v small_a never_o cover_v their_o body_n entire_o at_o best_a so_o that_o these_o man_n who_o be_v of_o the_o large_a size_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v the_o less_o defend_v insomuch_o that_o few_o dart_n be_v cast_v at_o they_o without_o effect_n and_o now_o be_v thus_o gall_v and_o not_o able_a to_o defend_v their_o body_n against_o those_o who_o at_o a_o distance_n attack_v they_o they_o grow_v at_o length_n enrage_v and_o desperate_a of_o their_o safety_n some_o throw_v themselves_o headlong_o on_o the_o enemy_n where_o they_o find_v present_a death_n other_o retire_v by_o little_a and_o little_a as_o they_o be_v able_a manifest_v their_o fear_n by_o their_o retreat_n trouble_v and_o disorder_v the_o rank_n in_o their_o rear_n so_o the_o roman_a javelin_n be_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o goesates_n courage_n and_o abate_v that_o vain_a confidence_n of_o they_o which_o be_v indeed_o the_o best_a part_n of_o their_o soldiership_n but_o now_o the_o roman_a cohort_n advance_v after_o they_o have_v order_v their_o light_n arm_v party_n to_o retire_v into_o the_o interval_n and_o soon_o come_v to_o the_o sword_n point_n with_o the_o insubrian_o tauriscans_n and_o bojans_n who_o fight_v it_o out_o with_o great_a resolution_n and_o though_o they_o be_v press_v hard_o and_o the_o dispute_n be_v very_o bloody_a nevertheless_o they_o sustain_v the_o shock_n and_o keep_v their_o post_n and_o may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o be_v inferior_a to_o the_o roman_n only_o in_o their_o arm_n which_o be_v not_o by_o much_o so_o serviceable_a in_o battle_n as_o the_o other_o for_o the_o roman_a buckler_n be_v make_v so_o as_o to_o cover_v their_o whole_a body_n and_o their_o sword_n much_o more_o proper_a for_o service_n while_o those_o of_o the_o gaul_n be_v only_o bare_o for_o cut_v at_o length_n the_o roman_a horse_n that_o have_v be_v engage_v on_o the_o hill_n come_v down_o and_o attack_v the_o gaul_n in_o flank_n wherein_o they_o perform_v singular_a service_n in_o short_a the_o gaul_n be_v beat_v forty_o thousand_o slay_v and_o ten_o thousond_v take_v prisoner_n among_o who_o be_v concolitanus_n one_o of_o their_o king_n aneroestus_n the_o other_o king_n with_o a_o small_a party_n escape_v by_o flight_n to_o a_o certain_a village_n where_o soon_o after_o he_o kill_v himself_o as_o do_v the_o rest_n who_o be_v with_o he_o the_o consul_n aemilius_n order_v the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o be_v secure_v which_o be_v send_v to_o rome_n but_o whatsoever_o have_v be_v take_v from_o the_o country_n he_o order_v to_o be_v restore_v then_o he_o march_v the_o army_n along_o the_o confine_n of_o tuscany_n and_o fall_v on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o bojans_n where_o after_o he_o have_v glut_v the_o soldier_n with_o plunder_n he_o lead_v the_o whole_a army_n back_o to_o rome_n where_o he_o adorn_v the_o capitol_n with_o the_o ensign_n he_o have_v take_v and_o hang_v up_o their_o collar_n and_o bracelet_n and_o chain_n of_o gold_n reserve_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o spoil_n and_o the_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n to_o adorn_v his_o triumph_n when_o he_o shall_v make_v his_o entry_n into_o the_o city_n behold_v now_o the_o success_n of_o this_o mighty_a expedition_n which_o have_v threaten_v the_o people_n of_o italy_n especial_o the_o roman_n with_o so_o dreadful_a a_o storm_n after_o this_o victory_n the_o roman_n begin_v to_o be_v in_o hope_n they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o force_v the_o gaul_n out_o of_o all_o the_o country_n border_v on_o the_o po._n the_o two_o succeed_a consul_n q._n fulvius_n and_o titus_n manlius_n march_v against_o they_o with_o a_o army_n well_o provide_v of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a whereupon_o the_o bojans_n on_o their_o first_o attempt_n be_v affright_v into_o submission_n put_v themselves_o under_o the_o roman_a protection_n but_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o season_n of_o great_a rain_n and_o the_o plague_n likewise_o have_v infect_v their_o army_n nothing_o afterward_o memorable_a be_v perform_v in_o that_o expedition_n the_o consul_n who_o succeed_v they_o p._n furius_n and_o c._n flaminius_n march_v with_o their_o army_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o gaul_n by_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o anamure_n a_o people_n who_o inhabit_v not_o far_o from_o marseilles_n by_o who_o friendship_n which_o they_o have_v gain_v the_o consul_n have_v liberty_n to_o pass_v against_o the_o insubrian_o on_o that_o part_n where_o the_o river_n ada_n run_v into_o the_o po_n where_o be_v attack_v by_o the_o enemy_n both_o at_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o river_n and_o where_o they_o be_v about_o to_o incamp_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o perform_v any_o thing_n to_o purpose_n at_o that_o time_n enter_v therefore_o into_o treaty_n with_o that_o people_n they_o retire_v out_o of_o their_o territory_n afterward_o have_v a_o long_a time_n march_v too_o and_o fro_o about_o the_o neighbour_a country_n they_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o come_v into_o the_o land_n of_o the_o cenomani_n who_o be_v their_o ally_n with_o who_o join_v they_o fall_v a_o second_o time_n on_o the_o insubrian_o where_o they_o make_v
they_o meet_v by_o accident_n and_o afterward_o in_o a_o battle_n near_o magalopolis_n and_o in_o short_a after_o their_o defeat_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o prime_a strength_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o dymaja_n near_o a_o place_n call_v hecatombaeum_fw-la find_v the_o circumstance_n of_o their_o affair_n to_o admit_v no_o further_o delay_n the_o present_a danger_n in_o which_o they_o see_v themselves_o prevail_v on_o the_o achaian_n unanimous_o to_o consent_n to_o implore_v succour_n of_o antigonus_n according_o aratus_n dispatch_v away_o his_o son_n and_o ratify_v the_o treaty_n that_o have_v be_v make_v with_o that_o prince_n touch_v the_o assistance_n he_o be_v to_o give_v they_o but_o now_o a_o weighty_a objection_n appear_v likely_a to_o obstruct_v the_o accord_n for_o they_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o antigonus_n will_v demur_v to_o their_o supply_n till_o acro-corinth_n together_o with_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o his_o possession_n which_o he_o will_v make_v to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o war_n and_o the_o achaian_n can_v not_o determine_v to_o yield_v up_o those_o place_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o corinthian_n first_o obtain_v which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o some_o delay_n and_o give_v they_o leisure_n to_o deliberate_v about_o adjust_v the_o surety_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n cleomenes_n success_n have_v give_v the_o alarm_n on_o all_o side_n who_o prosecute_v his_o good_a fortune_n now_o without_o danger_n or_o molestation_n take_v some_o town_n by_o fair_a mean_n and_o other_o by_o force_n and_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o caphya_n pellene_n pheneus_n argos_n phliunte_n cleone_n epidaurus_n hermione_n troezene_n and_o in_o short_a of_o corinth_n itself_o he_o march_v on_o and_o encamp_v near_o the_o city_n of_o sicyon_n the_o difficulty_n be_v now_o remove_v that_o molest_v the_o achaian_n and_o aratus_n the_o praetor_n while_o the_o corinthian_n who_o though_o they_o have_v signify_v they_o be_v ready_a to_o join_v and_o march_v with_o they_o be_v on_o the_o contrary_n find_v to_o have_v confederated_a with_o cleomenes_n and_o invite_v he_o to_o receive_v they_o this_o give_v the_o achaian_n then_o a_o pretext_n which_o justify_v their_o determination_n and_o which_o aratus_n ready_o improve_v who_o have_v already_o give_v antigonus_n some_o hope_v that_o acrocorinth_a shall_v be_v put_v into_o his_o hand_n which_o have_v now_o perform_v the_o scense_n of_o the_o injury_n heretofore_o do_v to_o the_o king_n of_o of_o macedon_n become_v by_o that_o mean_v remove_v and_o the_o alliance_n more_o firm_o ratify_v for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o what_o be_v far_o considerable_a antigonus_n be_v by_o that_o mean_n put_v in_o possession_n of_o a_o proper_a fortress_n whereby_o to_o manage_v the_o war_n with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n cleomenes_z who_o have_v already_o promise_v himself_o the_o principality_n of_o all_o peloponnesus_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o alliance_n conclude_v between_o antigonus_n and_o the_o achaian_n forthwith_o retire_v from_o before_o sicyon_n and_o march_v and_o encamp_v his_o army_n near_o the_o isthmus_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o ditch_n and_o rampart_n the_o whole_a space_n between_o acro-corinth_n and_o the_o onion_n hill_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n antigonus_n have_v be_v long_o in_o a_o readiness_n to_o enter_v upon_o the_o war_n and_o attend_v only_o the_o motive_n from_o aratus_n and_o make_v a_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o advice_n he_o receive_v that_o cleomenes_n will_v soon_o be_v on_o his_o march_n with_o his_o army_n he_o therefore_o send_v to_o aratus_n and_o the_o achaian_n himself_o be_v then_o in_o thessaly_n to_o exhort_v they_o to_o put_v in_o effect_n the_o promise_n that_o have_v be_v make_v he_o and_o then_o march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o the_o isthmus_n by_o the_o way_n of_o euboea_n for_o the_o aetolian_n who_o have_v attempt_v all_o other_o mean_v before_o to_o prevent_v the_o conjunction_n of_o antigonus_n with_o the_o achaian_n and_o be_v still_o ready_a to_o do_v their_o utmost_a to_o hinder_v the_o same_o have_v intimate_v to_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o attempt_v his_o passage_n with_o a_o army_n by_o the_o strait_n of_o thermopylae_n and_o that_o if_o he_o do_v they_o will_v oppose_v he_o with_o a_o army_n when_o antigonus_n arrive_v at_o the_o isthmus_n he_o encamp_v just_o opposite_a to_o cleomenes_n with_o design_n to_o block_n up_o his_o passage_n into_o peloponnesus_n and_o now_o notwithstanding_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o achaian_n be_v in_o a_o state_n desperate_a enough_o nevertheless_o they_o change_v not_o their_o purpose_n and_o be_v not_o destitute_a of_o hope_n and_o they_o no_o soon_o see_v aristotle_n the_o argian_a oppose_v the_o partisan_n of_o cleomenes_n when_o they_o immediate_o march_v to_o their_o assistance_n and_o by_o the_o conduct_n of_o timoxenes_n they_o get_v possession_n and_o become_v master_n of_o argos_n by_o intelligence_n and_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o believe_v that_o that_o success_n give_v rise_v to_o the_o prosperity_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o first_o of_o all_o this_o adventure_n give_v check_v to_o the_o impetuosity_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o great_o dishearten_v his_o people_n as_o occurrence_n will_v explain_v it_o by_o and_o by_o for_o notwithstanding_o his_o be_v possess_v of_o post_n and_o place_n of_o more_o advantage_n and_o be_v master_n of_o great_a convenience_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o his_o army_n than_o antigonus_n and_o in_o a_o word_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o more_o numerous_a army_n yet_o he_o no_o soon_o hear_v that_o the_o achaian_n be_v master_n of_o argos_n when_o he_o desert_v all_o those_o advantage_n we_o have_v enumerate_v and_o that_o render_v he_o superior_a to_o antigonus_n and_o retire_v from_o the_o isthmus_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o flight_n fear_v to_o be_v surround_v by_o the_o enemy_n afterward_o he_o manage_v a_o intelligence_n in_o argos_n and_o get_v into_o the_o town_n but_o after_o all_o he_o can_v do_v to_o keep_v possession_n he_o be_v drive_v out_o again_o by_o the_o achaian_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o who_o have_v first_o promise_v he_o their_o concurrence_n they_o afterward_o refuse_v it_o so_o he_o return_v to_o sparta_n by_o the_o way_n of_o mantinoea_n thus_o antigonus_n get_v his_o passage_n into_o peloâ—onnesus_n without_o hazard_n and_o acro-corinthâ—as_a â—as_z put_v into_o his_o hand_n where_o he_o remain_v â—ot_n long_o but_o haste_v away_o to_o argos_n where_o â—fter_o he_o have_v praise_v and_o encourage_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o settle_v their_o affair_n he_o return_v â—o_o his_o camp_n and_o bend_v his_o march_n towards_o arcadia_n in_o short_a after_o he_o have_v reduce_v several_a new_a garrison_n that_o have_v be_v late_o erect_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o put_v they_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o he_o proceed_v â—o_o aegium_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o assembly_n of_o â—he_n achaian_n where_o he_o set_v forth_o the_o motive_n â—f_v his_o come_n among_o they_o and_o advise_v how_o they_o be_v to_o proceed_v and_o there_o he_o be_v choâ—â—n_o general_n of_o the_o confederate_a army_n and_o 〈◊〉_d be_v now_o winter_n he_o remain_v some_o time_n 〈◊〉_d sicyon_n and_o corinth_n but_o early_o in_o the_o spring_n â—rew_v his_o army_n out_o of_o their_o winter-quarters_a and_o take_v the_o field_n and_o in_o three_o day_n â—fter_o his_o departure_n arrive_v before_o tegea_n where_o the_o achaian_n join_v he_o antigonusâ—eing_v â—eing_z encamp_v before_o the_o town_n forthwith_o besiege_v it_o which_o be_v hardly_o press_v by_o the_o macedonian_n who_o attack_v they_o by_o all_o the_o method_n that_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n in_o the_o like_a attempt_n especial_o by_o mine_n which_o they_o have_v make_v on_o all_o quarter_n insomuch_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n despair_v of_o safety_n yield_v up_o the_o place_n which_o antigonus_n have_v strengthen_v with_o a_o garrison_n proceed_v on_o further_a expedition_n and_o march_v his_o troop_n with_o speed_n into_o laconia_n and_o be_v advance_v near_o cleomenes_n who_o with_o his_o army_n lay_v on_o the_o frontier_n he_o begin_v some_o small_a engagement_n with_o he_o by_o party_n the_o better_a to_o sound_v his_o design_n but_o learning_n by_o his_o spy_n that_o cleomenes_n army_n have_v be_v reinforce_v by_o fresh_a troop_n from_o orchomenus_n he_o forthwith_o march_v away_o towards_o those_o quarter_n where_o he_o take_v orchomenus_n by_o force_n from_o whence_o he_o march_v against_o mantinoea_n which_o place_n terrify_v at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o macedonian_n submit_v then_o he_o advance_v towards_o heroea_n and_o telphussa_n whereupon_o in_o regard_n these_o two_o place_n voluntary_o come_v into_o his_o party_n and_o winter_n be_v now_o at_o hand_n he_o return_v to_o egium_n to_o be_v at_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o send_v his_o troop_n home_o to_o pass_v the_o winter_n he_o remain_v
of_o some_o and_o conduct_v and_o principal_o advise_v in_o the_o performance_n of_o other_o they_o be_v those_o commotion_n i_o mention_v that_o oblige_v the_o roman_n to_o make_v war_n on_o the_o vaccoean_n and_o celtiberian_n which_o move_v the_o carthaginian_n in_o africa_n to_o take_v arm_n against_o massanissa_n and_o attalus_n and_o prusias_n to_o declare_v war_n with_o each_o other_o in_o asia_n at_o the_o same_o time_n ariarathes_n king_n of_o cappadocia_n who_o have_v be_v expel_v his_o kingdom_n by_o orofernes_n be_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o demetrius_n and_o his_o sole_a force_n restore_v to_o his_o government_n and_o than_o it_o be_v that_o seleucus_n son_n of_o demetrius_n have_v reign_v twelve_o year_n in_o syria_n lose_v his_o kingdom_n and_o his_o life_n by_o a_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n the_o greek_n who_o stand_v accuse_v of_o have_v be_v author_n of_o the_o persian_a war_n be_v about_o the_o same_o time_n absolve_v of_o that_o blemish_n with_o liberty_n grant_v they_o by_o the_o roman_n to_o return_v from_o banishment_n to_o their_o country_n short_o after_o these_o adventure_n the_o roman_n attempt_v to_o compel_v the_o carthaginian_n first_o to_o remove_n and_o change_v their_o habitation_n and_o afterward_o total_o to_o ruin_v and_o exterminate_v they_o but_o we_o shall_v report_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n the_o motive_n of_o that_o enterprise_n about_o the_o same_o time_n likewise_o the_o macedonian_n depart_v from_o their_o confederacy_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o lacedaemonian_n from_o they_o with_o the_o achaian_n will_v present_v we_o in_o one_o prospect_n with_o the_o beginning_n and_o end_n of_o the_o common_a calamity_n of_o greece_n where_o will_v occur_v ample_a matter_n for_o the_o historian_n skill_n to_o describe_v and_o it_o behoove_v we_o to_o implore_v the_o favour_n of_o fortune_n to_o lend_v we_o life_n to_o conduct_v we_o through_o so_o difficult_a and_o important_a a_o task_n nevertheless_o though_o death_n shall_v chance_v to_o prevent_v we_o we_o shall_v not_o however_o depart_v without_o some_o assurance_n that_o our_o design_n will_v survive_v we_o and_o that_o there_o will_v not_o want_v some_o excellent_a hand_n who_o charm_v with_o the_o beauty_n of_o so_o incomparable_a a_o subject_n will_v successful_o finish_v what_o we_o have_v begin_v and_o now_o that_o we_o have_v prefaced_a the_o most_o remarkable_a thing_n which_o we_o think_v necessary_a towards_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o reader_n be_v understanding_n of_o our_o history_n both_o in_o the_o part_n and_o the_o whole_a it_o be_v high_a time_n we_o proceed_v to_o our_o discourse_n whereas_o those_o author_n for_o the_o most_o part_n who_o have_v write_v the_o act_n of_o hannibal_n have_v undertake_v to_o give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o beget_v the_o war_n that_o break_v out_o between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n whereof_o mention_n have_v be_v already_o make_v and_o have_v render_v the_o siege_n of_o saguntum_n to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o occasion_n and_o the_o second_o to_o be_v the_o carthaginian_n pass_v the_o river_n eber_n contrary_a to_o the_o article_n of_o agreement_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o do_v frank_o agree_v with_o they_o that_o these_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n but_o can_v never_o accord_v with_o those_o who_o reckon_v they_o for_o the_o cause_n no_o more_o than_o it_o can_v be_v conceive_v that_o alexander_n transport_v his_o army_n into_o asia_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o persian_a war_n or_o that_o the_o voyage_n of_o antiochus_n to_o demetrias_n with_o his_o army_n be_v likewise_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n with_o that_o prince_n for_o who_o can_v be_v draw_v easy_o to_o conceive_v that_o that_o be_v alexander_n motive_n for_o the_o mighty_a preparation_n he_o make_v and_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o philip_n in_o his_o life-time_n put_v in_o execution_n before_o he_o in_o order_n to_o the_o persian_a war_n furthermore_o who_o will_v take_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n which_o the_o aetolian_n make_v upon_o the_o roman_n before_o the_o arrival_n of_o antiochus_n to_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n those_o who_o reason_n at_o this_o rate_n seem_v not_o to_o distinguish_v of_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o beginning_n the_o cause_n and_o the_o pretext_n the_o cause_n always_o precede_v the_o beginning_n which_o be_v ever_o subsequent_a and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o consequence_n i_o hold_v therefore_o the_o beginning_n to_o be_v the_o first_o effort_n or_o effect_n of_o deliberation_n namely_o of_o what_o have_v be_v with_o mature_a reason_n debate_v and_o decree_v to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n but_o this_o will_v be_v more_o evident_a by_o what_o i_o be_o about_o to_o say_v whereby_o it_o will_v plain_o appear_v what_o the_o cause_n be_v which_o produce_v the_o persian_a war_n and_o where_o it_o take_v beginning_n the_o principal_a cause_n be_v the_o retreat_n the_o greek_n make_v by_o the_o conduct_n of_o xenophon_n through_o so_o many_o divers_a nation_n of_o the_o upper_a asia_n where_o none_o of_o all_o those_o barbarous_a people_n who_o be_v all_o enemy_n have_v the_o courage_n to_o oppose_v his_o passage_n in_o his_o march_n through_o so_o vast_a a_o continent_n another_o cause_n be_v the_o voyage_n of_o agesilaus_n king_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n into_o asia_n where_o he_o find_v no_o enemy_n so_o hardy_a as_o to_o withstand_v his_o erterprise_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v recall_v by_o reason_n of_o some_o commotion_n that_o happen_v in_o his_o absence_n among_o the_o greek_n hence_o philip_n take_v his_o measure_n of_o the_o persian_a weakness_n and_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o both_o himself_o and_o his_o people_n be_v master_n in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n be_v incite_v by_o the_o glory_n and_o magnificence_n of_o the_o reward_n to_o engage_v in_o that_o enterprise_n so_o that_o after_o he_o have_v acquire_v the_o general_a goodwill_n and_o concurrence_n of_o the_o greek_n he_o proceed_v to_o form_v his_o design_n for_o the_o invasion_n of_o persia_n publish_v his_o motive_n to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o greek_n by_o those_o of_o that_o nation_n and_o according_o proceed_v to_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o sustain_v and_o carry_v on_o that_o vast_a undertake_n so_o that_o we_o be_v thus_o to_o reckon_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o persian-war_n be_v not_o other_o than_o those_o we_o first_o mention_v the_o pretext_n what_o we_o have_v recite_v and_o the_o beginning_n to_o be_v alexander_n transport_v his_o troop_n into_o asia_n it_o be_v likewise_o past_a dispute_n that_o the_o distaste_n the_o aetolian_n have_v conceive_v against_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n that_o break_v out_o betwixt_o antiochus_n and_o them_o for_o the_o aetolian_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n with_o philip_n begin_v to_o perceive_v themselves_o slight_v by_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o only_o invite_v over_o antiochus_n as_o we_o have_v note_v but_o determine_v to_o do_v and_o suffer_v any_o thing_n to_o compass_v their_o revenge_n the_o pretext_n for_o that_o war_n be_v the_o liberty_n of_o greece_n to_o the_o defence_n whereof_o the_o aetolian_n draw_v the_o greek_n from_o all_o part_n to_o join_v with_o antiochus_n and_o the_o arrival_n of_o that_o prince_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n to_o demetrias_n be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war._n i_o have_v rest_v the_o long_a on_o this_o subject_n of_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o these_o three_o point_n not_o only_o to_o detect_v the_o error_n of_o some_o historian_n but_o to_o the_o end_n the_o studious_a may_v be_v instruct_v and_o set_v right_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v mislead_v by_o their_o false_a light_n for_o to_o what_o end_n be_v the_o physician_n call_v to_o the_o sick_a patient_n if_o he_o shall_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o cause_n of_o our_o disease_n in_o like_a manner_n it_o will_v be_v in_o vain_a to_o call_v such_o to_o the_o administration_n of_o public_a affair_n who_o want_v judgement_n to_o distinguish_v of_o the_o cause_n and_o reason_n and_o event_n of_o thing_n and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o dispute_n but_o both_o the_o physician_n and_o minister_n of_o state_n will_v miscarry_v while_o the_o one_o be_v to_o seek_v for_o the_o cause_n of_o our_o infirmity_n and_o the_o other_o not_o due_o instruct_v in_o those_o necessary_a point_n we_o have_v note_v there_o be_v nothing_o then_o that_o call_v for_o more_o of_o our_o care_n and_o study_v to_o acquire_v than_o a_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o cause_n of_o event_n for_o very_o often_o it_o fortune_n that_o the_o great_a thing_n be_v breed_v out_o of_o slight_a beginning_n and_o remedy_n may_v be_v find_v with_o case_n for_o evil_n in_o their_o infancy_n and_o first_o approach_n fabius_n the_o historian_n
their_o annual_a magistrate_n to_o resolve_v on_o the_o choice_n of_o some_o one_o single_a person_n in_o who_o the_o sole_a authority_n shall_v centre_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n who_o by_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n grow_v to_o believe_v he_o shall_v be_v more_o than_o a_o match_n for_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o think_v it_o convenient_a to_o approach_v present_o near_a room_n wherefore_o he_o continue_v to_o harrass_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n destroy_v all_o by_o fire_n and_o sword_n wherever_o he_o come_v take_v his_o march_n towards_o adria_n where_o he_o arrive_v in_o ten_o day_n pass_v by_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o insubrian_o and_o picentines_n the_o country_n in_o his_o march_n be_v rich_a the_o plunder_n of_o the_o army_n grow_v so_o great_a and_o cumbersome_a that_o they_o can_v neither_o carry_v nor_o otherwise_o transport_v it_o the_o people_n wherever_o he_o come_v he_o use_v with_o great_a cruelty_n and_o according_a to_o the_o common_a manner_n of_o treatment_n of_o town_n that_o be_v take_v by_o force_n order_v all_o to_o be_v slay_v that_o they_o can_v find_v of_o age_n to_o bear_v arm_n such_o merciless_a impression_n have_v hannibal_n hatred_n to_o the_o roman_n give_v he_o encamp_v now_o not_o far_o from_o adria_n in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n abound_v in_o all_o thing_n he_o there_o give_v order_n for_o the_o cure_n of_o his_o sick_a and_o infirm_a soldier_n and_o horse_n for_o in_o his_o winter-incampments_a in_o the_o hither_o gaul_n where_o he_o lay_v expose_v to_o all_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o open_a air_n incommode_v by_o the_o stench_n of_o the_o filth_n and_o ordure_n of_o the_o camp_n that_o what_o by_o their_o unwholesome_a incampment_n what_o by_o their_o march_n through_o the_o fen_n both_o man_n and_o horse_n the_o whole_a army_n over_o be_v general_o infect_v with_o a_o disease_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n lemopsoron_n but_o with_o we_o the_o scurf_n or_o scab_n which_o come_v by_o unwholesome_a diet_n and_o hard_a usage_n wherefore_o happen_v into_o this_o place_n so_o commodious_a for_o every_o thing_n he_o be_v willing_a they_o shall_v want_v for_o nothing_o that_o may_v advance_v their_o recovery_n renew_v the_o strength_n and_o recruit_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o soldier_n hannibal_n be_v now_o possess_v of_o great_a quantity_n of_o roman_a arm_n of_o those_o he_o have_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v he_o therefore_o arm_v his_o african_n after_o the_o roman_a manner_n he_o also_o dispatch_v letter_n by_o sea_n to_o carthage_n give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o success_n have_v never_o since_o his_o come_n into_o italy_n till_o now_o approach_v the_o sea-coast_n the_o carthaginian_n receive_v the_o news_n with_o great_a acclamation_n of_o joy_n and_o deliberate_v how_o best_o to_o reinforce_v and_o supply_v their_o army_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o italy_n with_o all_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n the_o roman_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n create_v fabius_n maximus_n dictator_n a_o person_n of_o a_o noble_a house_n and_o of_o so_o exemplary_a virtue_n that_o his_o single_a merit_n acquire_v to_o his_o family_n the_o title_n of_o maximi_fw-la from_o the_o great_a action_n he_o so_o happy_o wp2787atchieve_v there_o be_v this_o difference_n among_o other_o betwixt_o a_o dictator_n and_o a_o consul_n the_o consul_n have_v but_o twelve_o axe_n carry_v before_o he_o the_o dictator_n twenty_o four_o furthermore_o the_o consul_n can_v act_v in_o many_o thing_n without_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n but_o the_o power_n of_o the_o dictator_n be_v absolute_a and_o independent_a and_o during_o that_o magistracy_n the_o authority_n of_o all_o other_o become_v supersede_v that_o of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n only_o except_v but_o we_o shall_v treat_v more_o particular_o hereof_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n after_o fabius_n have_v be_v name_v for_o dictator_n he_o choose_v m._n minutius_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n which_o be_v a_o charge_n depend_v entire_o on_o the_o dictator_n and_o supply_v his_o place_n in_o the_o army_n when_o absent_a hannibal_n after_o he_o have_v refresh_v his_o army_n move_v by_o easy_a march_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a thereby_o to_o gain_v time_n till_o he_o have_v fill_v his_o troop_n here_o by_o wash_v his_o horse_n with_o old_a wine_n whereof_o the_o country_n abound_v he_o cure_v they_o of_o the_o scratch_n and_o the_o farcy_n neither_o do_v he_o omit_v any_o care_n for_o the_o cure_n and_o recovery_n of_o his_o wound_a man_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o rest_n be_v hearten_v and_o become_v the_o more_o cheerful_o dispose_v to_o go_v on_o such_o future_a hazardous_a service_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v further_a occasion_n to_o use_v they_o in_o thus_o he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o after_o he_o have_v plunder_v and_o forage_v the_o territory_n of_o pretutium_fw-la adria_n and_o that_o of_o the_o marrucians_n and_o ferentines_n he_o take_v his_o way_n towards_o apulia_n which_o be_v distinguish_v by_o three_o division_n each_o have_v its_o peculiar_a name_n one_o part_n be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o daunians_n and_o another_o by_o the_o messapian_n hannibal_n first_o attack_v the_o daunians_n and_o make_v spoil_n about_o luceria_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o roman_n where_o he_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n then_o he_o encamp_v near_o ibona_n from_o whence_o he_o send_v his_o troop_n to_o ravage_v the_o land_n of_o the_o arpians_n and_o in_o short_a overran_a the_o whole_a country_n of_o apulia_n about_o this_o time_n fabius_n enter_v on_o his_o charge_n who_o after_o he_o have_v sacrifice_v to_o the_o god_n march_v out_o of_o the_o city_n with_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n at_o the_o head_n of_o four_o new-raised_a legion_n which_o have_v be_v sevy_v according_a to_o custom_n and_o after_o he_o have_v join_v his_o troop_n near_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o dannians_n with_o those_o that_o have_v be_v send_v to_o rimini_n he_o send_v the_o consul_n back_o to_o rome_n with_o order_n to_o command_v the_o fleet_n and_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o enemy_n motion_n by_o sea_n while_o himself_o and_o the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n after_o he_o have_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o legion_n march_v and_o encamp_v near_o aegas_n in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o not_o above_o six_o mile_n from_o their_o camp_n the_o carthaginian_a as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o arrival_n of_o fabius_n lead_v his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o march_v draw_v they_o up_o in_o battalion_n near_o the_o roman_n to_o amuse_v and_o terrify_v they_o where_o have_v remain_v some_o time_n and_o none_o appear_v to_o oppose_v he_o he_o march_v back_o to_o his_o quarter_n for_o fabius_n who_o have_v determine_v to_o do_v nothing_o rash_o and_o not_o to_o come_v present_o to_o a_o battle_n but_o to_o labour_v by_o all_o art_n and_o mean_n to_o secure_v the_o interest_n of_o his_o country_n hold_v firm_a to_o his_o first_o resolution_n by_o which_o mean_v he_o soon_o grow_v into_o contempt_n be_v reckon_v a_o coward_n by_o his_o countryman_n and_o one_o who_o out_o of_o poorness_n of_o spirit_n shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o enemy_n but_o in_o the_o end_n his_o action_n teach_v they_o better_o how_o to_o value_v he_o and_o to_o confess_v that_o they_o can_v never_o have_v choose_v a_o leader_n who_o better_a know_v his_o business_n or_o can_v proceed_v with_o more_o judgement_n and_o good_a conduct_n which_o short_o after_o the_o issue_n of_o his_o administiation_n abundant_o manifest_v hannibal_n troop_n who_o have_v be_v breed_v and_o break_v to_o their_o trade_n from_o their_o childhood_n and_o he_o himself_o bring_v up_o among_o they_o and_o a_o perfect_a master_n in_o military_a knowledge_n who_o have_v fight_v many_o battle_n with_o success_n in_o spain_n and_o gain_v two_o important_a victory_n already_o against_o the_o roman_n and_o their_o ally_n and_o what_o outweighed_a all_o we_o have_v say_v and_o which_o to_o he_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n be_v that_o his_o troop_n have_v no_o hope_n or_o prospect_n of_o safety_n but_o what_o they_o carry_v on_o the_o point_n of_o their_o sword_n which_o be_v fabius_n motive_n to_o work_v with_o so_o much_o cantion_n and_o circumspection_n be_v well_o assure_v the_o enemy_n will_v be_v superior_a to_o he_o in_o battle_n wherefore_o by_o singular_a prudence_n and_o address_n he_o have_v recourse_n only_o to_o those_o advantage_n wherein_o he_o be_v sure_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o strong_a in_o a_o word_n the_o benefit_n the_o roman_n enjoy_v and_o of_o which_o the_o enemy_n can_v not_o deprive_v they_o be_v provision_n of_o victual_n and_o store_n of_o war_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o plenty_n of_o good_a man_n to_o recruit_v their_o army_n fabius_n therefore_o hold_v
or_o pass_v over_o the_o mountain_n he_o therefore_o order_v a_o detachment_n of_o four_o thousand_o man_n to_o advance_v and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o say_a pass_n exhort_v they_o to_o make_v good_a use_n of_o the_o occaslion_n and_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o post_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o engagement_n which_o they_o so_o earnest_o and_o so_o long_o desire_v to_o see_v this_o do_v he_o march_v himself_o with_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n and_o possess_v the_o mountain_n that_o command_v the_o say_a passage_n by_o which_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o march_v and_o now_o the_o carthaginian_n advance_v encamp_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n while_o fabius_n be_v not_o in_o hope_n only_o of_o make_v they_o part_n with_o their_o plunder_n but_o that_o if_o fortune_n prove_v never_o so_o little_a his_o friend_n to_o be_v able_a at_o one_o stroke_n to_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war._n thus_o favour_v as_o he_o be_v by_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n fabius_n then_o have_v nothing_o so_o much_o in_o his_o thought_n as_o how_o best_a to_o post_n and_o destribute_v his_o troop_n to_o lay_v his_o ambush_n with_o most_o advantage_n who_o principal_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o for_o their_o several_a part_n they_o be_v to_o execute_v and_o where_o first_o to_o begin_v the_o attack_z but_o while_o he_o thus_o stand_v deliberate_v deser_v the_o execution_n to_o the_o next_o morning_n hannibal_n who_o have_v get_v intelligence_n of_o his_o design_n give_v he_o not_o time_n to_o put_v it_o in_o effect_n first_o then_o he_o give_v his_o order_n to_o asdrubal_n who_o have_v the_o general_a charge_n of_o the_o pioner_n and_o workman_n of_o the_o army_n to_o provide_v as_o many_o faggot_n of_o dry_a combustible_a matter_n as_o he_o possible_o can_v procure_v to_o make_v choice_n of_o two_o thousand_o of_o the_o best_a and_o strong_a ox_n as_o can_v be_v pick_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a herd_n of_o plunder_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o a_o certain_a place_n near_o the_o camp_n there_o to_o attend_v his_o further_a command_n this_o do_v he_o cause_v the_o groom_n and_o rabble_n of_o the_o army_n to_o be_v assemble_v and_o point_v to_o they_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n at_o a_o distance_n that_o lie_v between_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o pass_v by_o which_o he_o be_v to_o march_v order_v they_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o shall_v receive_v the_o signal_n that_o shall_v be_v give_v to_o drive_v and_o force_v the_o say_a herd_n of_o cattle_n by_o that_o way_n up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n this_o do_v he_o bid_v the_o army_n to_o take_v their_o supper_n and_o retire_v to_o their_o repose_n and_o about_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o command_v the_o say_a rabble_n to_o bind_v and_o fasten_v the_o faggot_n they_o have_v provide_v to_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o two_o thousand_o oxen._n this_o be_v soon_o do_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o hand_n that_o be_v employ_v he_o then_o order_v the_o faggot_n to_o be_v light_v give_v they_o the_o signal_n to_o march_v and_o drive_v they_o up_o as_o he_o have_v appoint_v he_o order_v likewise_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o and_o a_o while_n to_o encourage_v and_o sustain_v they_o but_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o cattle_n begin_v to_o run_v and_o disperse_v they_o shall_v with_o shouting_n and_o great_a clamour_n take_v possession_n of_o all_o the_o advantageous_a post_n and_o gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o the_o end_n thereby_o to_o cover_v and_o defend_v the_o army_n in_o their_o passage_n through_o the_o defile_v and_o amuse_v and_o divert_v the_o enemy_n in_o case_n they_o find_v they_o there_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n decamp_v lead_v his_o army_n towards_o the_o straight_a by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o march_v the_o vanguard_n consist_v of_o his_o heavy-armed_a troop_n these_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o horse_n after_o they_o go_v the_o baggage_n and_o booty_n and_o the_o spaniard_n and_o gaul_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v be_v post_v at_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o pass_n behold_v so_o many_o fire_n wander_v about_o the_o mountain_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o hannibal_n have_v take_v his_o march_n that_o way_n whereupon_o quit_v their_o post_n in_o the_o straight_a they_o march_v with_o expedition_n up_o the_o mountain_n but_o when_o they_o arrive_v and_o see_v nothing_o but_o the_o cattle_n carry_v fire_n on_o their_o head_n they_o grow_v great_o astonish_v and_o be_v strike_v with_o great_a apprehension_n of_o danger_n than_o they_o need_v but_o now_o behold_v hannibal_n on_o his_o march_n who_o have_v already_o gain_v the_o pass_n they_o make_v some_o small_a attempt_n upon_o they_o but_o the_o cattle_n carry_v fire_n on_o their_o head_n cover_v the_o mountain_n and_o mingle_v everywhere_o among_o they_o so_o distract_v they_o that_o they_o conclude_v it_o to_o be_v their_o safe_a course_n to_o keep_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o remain_v there_o on_o their_o guard_n till_o morning_n when_o they_o may_v be_v better_a able_a to_o discern_v what_o it_o be_v that_o have_v so_o perplex_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n fabius_n be_v in_o trouble_n to_o understand_v the_o mystery_n of_o so_o many_o fire_n and_o begin_v to_o suspect_v it_o to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o what_o it_o real_o be_v namely_o a_o carthaginian_a stratagem_n nevertheless_o mindful_a of_o the_o resolution_n he_o have_v take_v to_o hazard_v nothing_o he_o keep_v his_o army_n within_o their_o work_n and_o resolve_v not_o to_o stir_v till_o morning_n while_o hannibal_n observe_v that_o his_o project_n succeed_v to_o his_o wish_n and_o that_o the_o defile_v remain_v total_o unguarded_v pass_v safe_o with_o his_o army_n and_o his_o plunder_n but_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n observe_v that_o the_o party_n which_o have_v advance_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v in_o danger_n the_o roman_n who_o have_v march_v thither_o in_o the_o night_n out-numbring_a they_o he_o therefore_o send_v a_o party_n of_o spaniard_n to_o sustain_v and_o bring_v they_o off_o who_o fall_v on_o the_o roman_n slay_v about_o a_o thousand_o of_o they_o and_o with_o difficulty_n make_v good_a their_o companion_n retreat_n hannibal_n have_v now_o gain_v his_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o falernum_fw-la and_o see_v himself_o in_o safety_n begin_v to_o consider_v upon_o winter-quarter_n and_o deliberate_v thereof_o among_o his_o friend_n for_o he_o have_v now_o so_o terrify_v italy_n throughout_o all_o quarter_n that_o the_o whole_a country_n stand_v astonish_v and_o undetermined_a what_o counsel_n to_o take_v insomuch_o that_o fabius_n be_v hold_v in_o great_a contempt_n as_o have_v through_o want_n of_o resolution_n permit_v the_o enemy_n to_o make_v his_o escape_n when_o he_o have_v enclose_v he_o in_o place_n of_o so_o great_a advantage_n yet_o all_o can_v not_o move_v he_o a_o jot_n to_o depart_v from_o the_o method_n he_o have_v propose_v to_o pursue_v contemn_v all_o those_o vain_a report_n and_o the_o opinion_n which_o the_o people_n have_v conceive_v of_o he_o sometime_o after_o fabius_n be_v call_v to_o rome_n to_o officiate_v at_o their_o sacrifice_n he_o commit_v the_o legion_n to_o the_o conduct_n of_o minutius_n enjoin_v he_o above_o all_o thing_n at_o his_o departure_n to_o have_v a_o more_o vigilant_a eye_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o army_n than_o how_o to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n but_o minutius_n be_v so_o deaf_a to_o his_o advice_n that_o even_o while_n fabius_n be_v urge_v those_o safe_a counsel_n he_o be_v meditate_v how_o by_o all_o mean_v possible_a he_o may_v bring_v it_o about_o to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n this_o be_v the_o posture_n of_o affair_n in_o italy_n while_o asdrubal_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n in_o spain_n have_v equip_v a_o fleet_n of_o thirty_o vessel_n during_o the_o winter_n which_o have_v be_v leave_v he_o by_o his_o brother_n and_o add_v to_o they_o ten_o more_o with_o all_o their_o equipage_n that_o have_v be_v send_v he_o from_o other_o part_n he_o depart_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n from_o new-carthage_n his_o fleet_n consist_v of_o forty_o ship_n he_o commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o hamilcar_n with_o order_n to_o coast_n it_o along_o the_o shore_n while_o he_o with_o his_o land-army_n march_v at_o the_o same_o time_n keep_v near_o the_o sea_n with_o intention_n to_o join_v both_o army_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n eber._n cn._n scipio_n come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n purpose_n determine_v forthwith_o to_o march_v out_o of_o his_o winter-quarter_n and_o endeavour_v to_o get_v before_o they_o but_o after_o he_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o their_o great_a strength_n both_o
in_o number_n of_o man_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n of_o war_n he_o decline_v his_o purpose_n of_o deal_n with_o they_o by_o land_n and_o equip_v a_o naval_a army_n consist_v of_o five_o and_o thirty_o ship_n and_o put_v on_o board_n the_o best_a man_n of_o the_o land-army_n make_v sail_n and_o get_v before_o the_o enemy_n two_o day_n after_o his_o departure_n from_o tarragona_n he_o arrive_v near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o eber_n and_o about_o ten_o mile_n from_o the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n from_o whence_o he_o dispatch_v two_o scout-vessel_n of_o marseilles_n to_o discover_v the_o motion_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o enemy_n these_o vessel_n be_v the_o foremost_a in_o all_o danger_n and_o keep_v always_o a_o head_n of_o the_o fleet_n with_o a_o forwardness_n that_o prove_v very_o useful_a to_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o marseillian_o have_v always_o take_v part_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o espouse_v their_o cause_n more_o conspicuous_o in_o this_o adventure_n the_o scout_n that_o have_v be_v send_v out_o bring_v advice_n that_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n be_v at_o a_o anchor_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o eber_n whereupon_o scipio_n forthwith_o get_v under_o sail_n resolve_v to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o his_o way_n to_o surprise_v they_o as_o they_o lay_v but_o asdrubal_n receive_v timely_a notice_n of_o the_o enemy_n approach_v by_o certain_a beacon_n that_o he_o order_v to_o be_v provide_v on_o the_o hill_n put_v his_o land-force_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n on_o the_o shore_n and_o order_v the_o marine_a army_n forthwith_o to_o embark_v as_o the_o roman_n draw_v near_o the_o enemy_n they_o cause_v their_o trumpet_n to_o sound_v and_o come_v to_o blow_n with_o they_o out_o of_o hand_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n after_o they_o have_v stubborn_o dispute_v the_o victory_n for_o a_o while_n at_o length_n begin_v to_o retire_v but_o their_o 〈◊〉_d army_n that_o be_v draw_v up_o on_o the_o shore_n prove_v as_o it_o fortune_v rather_o a_o mischief_n than_o a_o benefit_n by_o how_o much_o their_o presence_n so_o near_o at_o hand_n give_v the_o seaman_n a_o more_o certain_a prospect_n of_o safety_n by_o slight_a than_o by_o fight_v wherefore_o perceive_v the_o roman_n likely_a to_o prove_v superior_a to_o they_o they_o stand_v about_o and_o flee_v as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v towards_o the_o shore_n after_o they_o have_v sustain_v the_o loss_n both_o of_o man_n and_o galley_n but_o the_o roman_n vigorous_o pursue_v the_o advantage_n force_v they_o at_o last_o quite_o ashore_o where_o desert_v their_o vessel_n they_o save_v themselves_o by_o escape_v to_o their_o land-force_n that_o be_v draw_v up_o hard_o by_o the_o roman_n follow_v they_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o take_v as_o many_o of_o their_o vessel_n as_o they_o can_v carry_v off_o well-pleased_a to_o have_v beat_v the_o enemy_n at_o their_o first_o essay_n take_v thirty_o five_o of_o their_o vessel_n and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o those_o sea_n after_o this_o victory_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o roman_n begin_v to_o have_v a_o better_a face_n in_o those_o part_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o carthaginian_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o this_o loss_n fit_v out_o a_o fleet_n with_o all_o expedition_n consist_v of_o seventy_o sail_v equip_v for_o war_n well_o know_v of_o what_o moment_n it_o be_v to_o they_o to_o preserve_v their_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n this_o fleet_n first_o touch_v in_o sardinia_n and_o then_o call_v at_o pisa_n in_o italy_n hope_v they_o may_v have_v find_v hannibal_n to_o have_v consult_v and_o concert_v matter_n with_o he_o but_o the_o roman_n come_v after_o they_o with_o a_o fleet_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o sail_n of_o galley_n the_o carthaginian_n terrify_v with_o their_o number_n return_v direct_o back_o to_o sardinia_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o carthage_n cn._n servilius_n general_n of_o the_o roman_a fleet_n make_v chase_n after_o they_o for_o a_o while_n in_o hope_n of_o come_n to_o a_o engagement_n but_o find_v they_o have_v get_v too_o much_o the_o start_n of_o he_o he_o leave_v off_o the_o pursuit_n then_o he_o make_v sail_n for_o lilybaeum_n with_o the_o whole_a fleet_n from_o thence_o he_o steer_v his_o course_n to_o a_o certain_a island_n in_o the_o african_a sea_n call_v cercina_n where_o he_o levy_v money_n on_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o purchase_v exemption_n of_o their_o country_n from_o plunder_n from_o thence_o he_o hold_v on_o his_o way_n and_o come_v to_o a_o island_n call_v cossyrus_n which_o he_o take_v and_o after_o he_o have_v put_v a_o garrison_n into_o the_o town_n he_o return_v back_o to_o lilybaeum_n where_o leave_v the_o fleet_n in_o harbour_n he_o go_v himself_o to_o find_v out_o their_o land-force_n the_o senate_n of_o rome_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o scipio_n sea-victory_n conclude_v that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o convenient_a but_o necessary_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o neglect_v their_o assair_n in_o spain_n wherefore_o to_o quicken_v the_o war_n on_o that_o side_n and_o press_v the_o carthaginian_n the_o more_o in_o these_o part_n they_o sit_v out_o a_o squadron_n of_o twenty_o galley_n and_o forthwith_o give_v they_o into_o the_o charge_n of_o pub._n scipio_n dispatch_v he_o to_o his_o brother_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v joint_o manage_v the_o war_n in_o spain_n for_o the_o senate_n just_o apprehend_v that_o if_o the_o carthaginian_n shall_v once_o be_v permit_v to_o conquer_v and_o possess_v at_o their_o pleasure_n that_o province_n they_o will_v soon_o recover_v their_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n attack_z and_o make_v descent_n in_o italy_n with_o ease_n and_o be_v enable_v to_o reinforce_v and_o supply_v hannibal_n both_o with_o man_n and_o money_n wherefore_o i_o say_v the_o roman_n conclude_v that_o keep_v the_o war_n on_o foot_n in_o spain_n be_v of_o great_a utility_n to_o their_o assair_n dispatch_v pub._n scipio_n with_o a_o naval_a army_n to_o join_v his_o brother_n who_o after_o his_o arrival_n when_o they_o come_v to_o unite_v their_o strength_n proceed_v with_o great_a success_n for_o albeit_o the_o roman_n have_v never_o yet_o attempt_v to_o pass_v the_o eber_n but_o think_v it_o a_o great_a deal_n for_o they_o that_o the_o people_n on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n be_v dispose_v to_o enter_v into_o friendship_n and_o confederacy_n with_o they_o yet_o now_o they_o adventure_v to_o pass_v those_o bound_n make_v war_n on_o remote_a nation_n and_o fortune_n approve_v their_o enterprise_n for_o after_o they_o have_v terrify_v the_o people_n that_o inhabit_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o eber_n they_o advance_v towards_o saguntum_n and_o encamp_v within_o five_o mile_n thereof_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o venus_n and_o so_o post_v themselves_o that_o they_o be_v every_o way_n cover_v from_o attempt_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o where_o whatever_o they_o want_v might_n with_o case_n be_v supply_v they_o for_o their_o fleet_n by_o sea_n keep_v pace_n with_o they_o on_o land_n coast_v it_o along_o the_o shore_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n they_o march_v but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o happen_v a_o occurrence_n which_o avail_v further_o towards_o the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o roman_a assair_n upon_o hannibal_n departure_n on_o his_o expedition_n to_o italy_n he_o take_v hostage_n of_o all_o the_o town_n of_o who_o affection_n he_o be_v not_o well_o assure_v make_v choice_n for_o that_o purpose_n of_o the_o child_n of_o the_o principal_a inhabitant_n and_o send_v they_o to_o be_v careful_o keep_v under_o a_o good_a guard_n at_o saguntum_n that_o place_n be_v not_o only_o well_o fortify_v but_o the_o garrison_n he_o have_v leave_v in_o it_o well_o dispose_v to_o his_o service_n among_o those_o there_o be_v one_o abilyx_n a_o spaniard_n a_o man_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n in_o his_o country_n both_o for_o his_o authority_n and_o manner_n and_o above_o all_o reckon_v among_o the_o most_o faithful_a friend_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n this_o man_n take_v the_o present_a posture_n of_o affair_n into_o consideration_n and_o observe_v the_o roman_n likely_a to_o prosper_v take_v a_o resolution_n worthy_a of_o a_o spaniard_n and_o a_o barbarian_a which_o be_v to_o bring_v it_o about_o that_o the_o say_v hostage_n may_v be_v deliver_v up_o believe_v that_o by_o compass_v some_o remarkable_a service_n to_o the_o roman_n he_o shall_v become_v very_o popular_a and_o be_v well_o receive_v among_o they_o asdrubal_n have_v commit_v the_o government_n of_o that_o province_n to_o bostar_n a_o man_n of_o authority_n among_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o order_n to_o oppose_v the_o roman_n when_o at_o any_o time_n they_o shall_v attempt_v pass_v the_o river_n eber_n but_o he_o want_v resolution_n to_o withstand_v they_o have_v retire_v from_o his_o post_n and_o march_v and_o encamp_v near_o saguntum_n towards_o the_o sea_n now_o abilyx_n well_o know_v
a_o long_a line_n join_v they_o at_o the_o extremity_n with_o the_o other_o possess_v all_o that_o side_n of_o the_o ground_n that_o look_v towards_o the_o south_n in_o the_o right-wing_n he_o post_v the_o roman_a horse_n fill_v with_o they_o the_o space_n between_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o river_n the_o foot_n he_o dispose_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o in_o close_a order_n in_o the_o rear_n than_o in_o the_o front_n in_o regard_n the_o number_n of_o the_o cohort_n be_v double_v on_o the_o left_a wing_n be_v place_v the_o horse_n of_o the_o confederates_n the_o light-armed_a troop_n be_v advance_v some_o distance_n before_o the_o line_n of_o battle_n the_o whole_a roman_a army_n take_v in_o the_o troop_n of_o the_o ally_n consist_v of_o fourscore_o thousand_o foot_n and_o six_o thousand_o horse_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n order_v the_o baleares_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n post_v they_o advance_v before_o the_o ensign_n then_o command_v the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n to_o march_v he_o pass_v the_o river_n likewise_o in_o two_o place_n and_o range_v they_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n front_v the_o enemy_n on_o the_o left_a point_n be_v the_o part_n near_a the_o river_n he_o post_v his_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a horse_n oppose_v to_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n next_o these_o he_o place_v the_o one_o half_a of_o his_o african_a foot_n who_o bear_v weighty_a armour_n their_o flank_n be_v likewise_o secure_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o african_n his_o numidian_a horse_n he_o post_v on_o the_o right_a wing_n and_o after_o have_v thus_o form_v his_o line_n of_o battle_n draw_v out_o in_o length_n and_o of_o equal_a depth_n he_o make_v the_o centre_n or_o middle_a battalion_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a legionary_n to_o move_v a_o little_a forward_a in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o the_o figure_n when_o they_o have_v so_o do_v with_o the_o two_o wing_n may_v be_v liken_v to_o a_o yoke_n crescent-wise_a or_o convexed_a in_o the_o midst_n for_o have_v propose_v that_o the_o gaul_n and_o spaniard_n shall_v first_o engage_v the_o african_n be_v post_v at_o hand_n so_o as_o to_o fortify_v and_o sustain_v they_o his_o african_n be_v arm_v after_o the_o roman_a manner_n be_v well_o furnish_v for_o that_o service_n out_o of_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o former_a battle_n the_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a buckler_n be_v of_o one_o sort_n but_o their_o sword_n be_v not_o alike_o the_o spaniard_n wear_v sword_n short_a stiff_a and_o point_v fit_a both_o for_o cut_v and_o thrust_v but_o the_o gaul_n be_v only_o for_o cutting-stroke_n in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v a_o surprise_a sight_n to_o behold_v they_o for_o the_o gaul_n be_v strip_v naked_a from_o the_o waste_n upward_o and_o the_o spaniard_n clad_v in_o white_a linen-cassock_n border_v with_o purple_a after_o the_o fashion_n of_o their_o country_n in_o hannibal_n army_n there_o be_v ten_o thousand_o horse_n but_o the_o foot_n take_v in_o the_o auxiliary_n and_o all_o do_v not_o exceed_v forty_o thousand_o in_o the_o roman_a battle_n aemilius_n be_v post_v in_o the_o right_n terentius_n in_o the_o left_a and_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n marcus_n attilius_n and_o cn._n servilius_n lead_v the_o body_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n asdrubal_n be_v post_v on_o the_o right_a wing_n hanno_n on_o the_o left_a and_o hannibal_n lead_v the_o body_n accompany_v by_o his_o brother_n mago_n the_o roman_a army_n face_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n consequent_o towards_o the_o north_n so_o that_o the_o rise_a sun_n molest_v neither_o the_o forlorn_a or_o advance_v party_n begin_v the_o day_n and_o these_o light-armed_a troop_n contend_v for_o a_o while_n with_o equal_a courage_n and_o success_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a horse_n on_o the_o left_a wing_n advance_v against_o the_o roman_n the_o battle_n grow_v hot_a and_o bloody_a for_o they_o fight_v not_o now_o as_o have_v be_v the_o custom_n in_o other_o battle_n by_o charge_v and_o wheel_v off_o and_o then_o return_v to_o the_o charge_n but_o here_o when_o once_o they_o come_v to_o join_v the_o horseman_n mingle_v and_o often_o disengage_v from_o their_o horse_n fight_v it_o out_o man_n to_o man_n on_o foot_n but_o the_o carthaginian_a horse_n in_o the_o end_n prevail_v kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o place_n though_o their_o behaviour_n be_v without_o blame_n those_o who_o endeavour_v to_o escape_v take_v along_o the_o river_n but_o be_v most_o of_o they_o cut_v off_o asdrubal_n give_v no_o quarter_n and_o now_o the_o cohort_n take_v place_n of_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n it_o be_v there_o likewise_o hot_o dispute_v for_o a_o space_n but_o the_o spaniard_n and_o gaul_n who_o do_v not_o present_o lose_v their_o order_n be_v at_o length_n break_v and_o force_v to_o give_v ground_n to_o the_o superior_a number_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o retreat_v back_o the_o crescent_a or_o convex_a part_n of_o the_o figure_n which_o be_v form_v by_o this_o body_n of_o man_n and_o who_o first_o engage_v sink_v back_o into_o the_o void_a space_n in_o the_o rear_n the_o roman_a cohort_n eager_o pursue_v the_o advantage_n easy_o pierce_v the_o body_n of_o the_o enemy_n battle_n which_o be_v but_o weak_a and_o compose_v only_o of_o gaul_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o battalion_n stand_v in_o close_a order_n â—â—at_o have_v be_v draw_v thither_o for_o that_o purpose_n during_o the_o fight_n from_o the_o right_n and_o left_a wing_n where_o all_o the_o danger_n be_v in_o short_a the_o roman_n thus_o press_v the_o enemy_n who_o open_v to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a to_o give_v they_o passage_n advance_v so_o far_o into_o the_o void_a space_n that_o they_o have_v now_o the_o african_a foot_n who_o bear_v weighty_a armour_n on_o their_o flank_n both_o way_n who_o move_v from_o the_o right_n and_o left_a wing_n inward_o charge_v the_o roman_n on_o both_o their_o flank_n at_o once_o each_o act_n as_o the_o present_a occasion_n advise_v in_o short_a every_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v as_o hannibal_n have_v skilful_o devise_v for_o the_o roman_n pursue_v the_o gaul_n who_o he_o well_o know_v be_v not_o their_o match_n become_v at_o length_n encompass_v by_o the_o african_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v so_o enclose_v that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o fight_v in_o a_o body_n but_o as_o it_o be_v man_z to_z man_n or_o by_o small_a party_n against_o strong_a body_n that_o press_v they_o from_o all_o part_n and_o now_o forasmuch_o as_o aemilius_n who_o be_v post_v in_o the_o right_a wing_n and_o have_v his_o share_n in_o the_o conflict_n with_o asdrubal_n and_o the_o horse_n yet_o be_v hitherto_o unhurt_a and_o willing_a to_o equal_v his_o action_n with_o his_o word_n by_o which_o he_o have_v encourage_v the_o army_n see_v that_o all_o the_o hope_n they_o have_v leave_v be_v in_o their_o foot_n he_o charge_v through_o the_o enemy_n battle_n kill_v and_o force_v all_o that_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n where_o he_o do_v his_o utmost_a to_o encourage_v his_o people_n hannibal_n act_v the_o same_o part_n in_o the_o same_o post_n have_v from_o the_o beginning_n conduct_v that_o part_n of_o his_o army_n in_o person_n as_o to_o the_o numidian_n who_o fight_v in_o the_o right_n wing_n against_o varro_n and_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v post_v in_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o roman_n neither_o they_o nor_o the_o other_o act_v any_o thing_n memorable_a on_o that_o side_n save_v that_o the_o numidian_n so_o amuse_v the_o roman_n by_o beat_v about_o they_o now_o offer_v to_o charge_n in_o one_o place_n now_o in_o another_o that_o they_o be_v thereby_o prevent_v from_o succour_v those_o that_o be_v elsewhere_o distress_a but_o now_o that_o asdrubal_n have_v complete_v his_o victory_n and_o destroy_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o horse_n who_o he_o have_v follow_v along_o the_o river_n and_o be_v return_v to_o reinforce_v the_o numidian_n then_o the_o horse_n of_o the_o roman_a ally_n behold_v their_o danger_n turn_v their_o back_n it_o be_v say_v that_o asdrubal_n in_o this_o occasion_n perform_v a_o artful_a and_o prudent_a part_n who_o well_o know_v that_o the_o numidian_n be_v singular_a at_o the_o pursuit_n of_o a_o sly_a enemy_n he_o therefore_o order_v they_o to_o follow_v hard_o after_o the_o run_a roman_n while_o he_o head_v a_o body_n of_o foot_n advance_v to_o reinforce_v the_o african_n and_o come_v in_o fall_v on_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o roman_n battle_n and_o charge_v they_o likewise_o elsewhere_o with_o certain_a squadron_n of_o horse_n which_o great_o hearten_v the_o african_n and_o as_o much_o terrify_v the_o roman_n l._n aemilius_n have_v receive_v many_o wound_n die_v in_o the_o battle_n after_o he_o
will_v be_v find_v not_o only_o capable_a and_o insufficient_a in_o thing_n that_o be_v divers_a but_o in_o the_o selfsame_a thing_n we_o shall_v see_v he_o wise_a and_o weak_a brave_a and_o a_o coward_n by_o fit_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n new_a in_o what_o we_o remark_n on_o this_o subject_a or_o remote_a from_o common_a observation_n and_o experience_n if_o we_o but_o consider_v with_o attention_n some_o man_n in_o heat_n of_o the_o chase_n will_v bold_o attack_v a_o wild_a beast_n and_o do_v as_o brave_o in_o single_a combat_n yet_o can_v endure_v the_o danger_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v in_o any_o solemn_a occasion_n in_o the_o field_n thus_o the_o thessalian_a horse_n be_v not_o to_o be_v break_v or_o resist_v when_o form_v into_o a_o body_n in_o a_o line_n of_o battle_n but_o single_o and_o man_n to_o man_n they_o be_v but_o a_o slight_a people_n the_o contrary_a whereof_o be_v find_v of_o the_o aetolian_n the_o candiot_n be_v wonderful_a in_o their_o way_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n their_o dexterity_n in_o ambush_n piracy_n surprise_v attempt_n by_o night_n and_o beat_v up_o of_o quarter_n and_o in_o short_a in_o every_o thing_n that_o require_v subtlety_n and_o address_n wherein_o they_o be_v superior_a to_o all_o other_o but_o in_o a_o pitch_a field_n they_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o look_v a_o enemy_n in_o the_o face_n while_o it_o be_v find_v quite_o otherwise_o with_o the_o achaian_n and_o macedonian_n we_o have_v take_v occasion_n of_o this_o digression_n to_o the_o end_n the_o credit_n of_o our_o history_n may_v undergo_v no_o blemish_n with_o the_o reader_n when_o he_o shall_v chance_v to_o find_v the_o character_n of_o the_o same_o man_n so_o inconsistent_a with_o themselves_o and_o see_v they_o act_v different_a part_n on_o the_o same_o subject_a after_o the_o achaian_n pursuant_n to_o the_o decree_n have_v assemble_v all_o their_o able_a man_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o war_n the_o messenian_n repeat_v their_o supplication_n by_o their_o deputy_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v abandon_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o declare_v their_o willingness_n to_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o league_n but_o the_o achaean_n minister_n demur_v to_o the_o receive_v they_o into_o the_o confederacy_n without_o the_o concurrence_n first_o obtain_v of_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o ally_n for_o the_o general_a treaty_n that_o be_v make_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o antigonus_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o cleomenes_n between_o the_o achaian_n epirot_n phocian_o and_o macedonian_n boeotian_o arcadian_n and_o thessalian_n have_v be_v continue_v yet_o without_o infraction_n nevertheless_o the_o messenian_n have_v leave_v to_o hope_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o their_o troop_n be_v form_v a_o supply_n of_o succour_n shall_v be_v give_v they_o on_o condition_n they_o send_v the_o son_n of_o their_o principal_a citizen_n to_o be_v keep_v as_o hostage_n at_o lacedaemon_n whereby_o to_o give_v security_n to_o the_o ally_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o come_v to_o any_o accord_n with_o the_o aetolian_n without_o their_o concurrence_n the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v at_o this_o time_n with_o a_o army_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o pursuant_n to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o treaty_n but_o in_o effect_n more_o to_o observe_v from_o thence_o the_o event_n of_o these_o agitation_n than_o to_o act_v the_o part_n of_o honest_a ally_n and_o now_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o messenian_n be_v conclude_v aratus_n send_v to_o the_o aetolian_n to_o let_v they_o know_v what_o have_v be_v determine_v to_o require_v they_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o messenia_n and_o not_o to_o march_v into_o achaia_n on_o peril_n of_o be_v treat_v as_o enemy_n when_o scopas_n and_o dorimachus_n have_v receive_v this_o resolution_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o understand_v they_o be_v now_o in_o arm_n and_o draw_v together_o at_o the_o place_n of_o rendezvous_n they_o conclude_v together_o that_o it_o be_v their_o best_a course_n to_o yield_v to_o their_o demand_n and_o thereupon_o dispatch_v messenger_n to_o cyllene_n and_o to_o ariston_n the_o aetolian_a praetor_n desire_v they_o to_o take_v up_o all_o the_o merchant_n vessel_n they_o can_v procure_v in_o those_o part_n and_o send_v they_o with_o expedition_n to_o the_o island_n of_o phlias_n where_o they_o be_v to_o attend_v further_a order_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o aetolian_a army_n two_o day_n after_o take_v their_o march_n with_o their_o plunder_n take_v their_o way_n towards_o the_o elean_n for_o with_o that_o people_n they_o have_v preserve_v a_o fast_a friendship_n thereby_o to_o keep_v their_o passage_n open_a to_o invade_v and_o spoil_v the_o peloponnesian_n aratus_n confide_v too_o easy_o on_o the_o aetolian_n so_o quick_o execute_v what_o they_o seem_v to_o promise_v dismiss_v the_o achaian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n and_o march_v himself_o towards_o patroea_n with_o only_o three_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n to_o who_o be_v join_v the_o troop_n of_o taurion_n dorimachus_n and_o scopas_n receive_v intelligence_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n that_o aratus_n be_v in_o their_o neighbourhood_n with_o a_o army_n and_o fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v attack_v at_o their_o embarking_a and_o be_v well_o enough_o dispose_v to_o have_v the_o war_n continue_v dispatch_v away_o their_o booty_n to_o the_o fleet_n under_o a_o good_a guard_n with_o order_n to_o make_v sail_n to_o rhium_n with_o their_o cargo_n and_o there_o to_o attend_v as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v their_o purpose_n to_o embark_v there_o when_o they_o themselves_o after_o they_o have_v a_o while_n march_v after_o their_o plunder_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v it_o and_o observe_v every_o where_n as_o they_o go_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o country_n turn_v off_o and_o march_v towards_o olympia_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v the_o news_n of_o aratus_n and_o taurion_n be_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o clitoria_n with_o the_o troop_n we_o mention_v they_o then_o conclude_v they_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o embark_v at_o rhium_n without_o danger_n or_o a_o battle_n and_o therefore_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o their_o best_a course_n be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o come_v to_o action_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v before_o the_o enemy_n shall_v be_v reinforce_v with_o more_o troop_n and_o while_o they_o continue_v secure_a and_o without_o any_o apprehension_n of_o a_o surprise_n for_o they_o reckon_v that_o if_o they_o can_v be_v able_a to_o put_v they_o into_o the_o least_o disorder_n they_o shall_v then_o compass_v their_o retreat_n without_o difficulty_n with_o the_o spoil_n and_o plunder_n they_o have_v take_v and_o before_o the_o state_n of_o aetolia_n can_v come_v to_o the_o assembly_n or_o in_o case_n the_o enemy_n terrify_v with_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o attempt_n shall_v refuse_v battle_n they_o shall_v then_o likewise_o not_o fail_v of_o gain_v their_o passage_n according_a to_o their_o own_o desire_n with_o these_o thought_n they_o hold_v on_o their_o march_n till_o they_o arrive_v near_o methydrium_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o megalopolis_n where_o they_o encamp_v and_o now_o albeit_o the_o achaean_n general_n be_v well_o aware_a of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n yet_o they_o conduct_v their_o affair_n with_o so_o little_a forecast_n that_o they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v neglect_v no_o one_o thing_n that_o may_v avail_v to_o perfect_v the_o character_n of_o folly_n and_o insufficiency_n for_o in_o short_a as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v quit_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o clitorian_n they_o come_v and_o encamp_v near_o caphya_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n on_o their_o move_n from_o methydrium_n take_v their_o march_n by_o orchomenus_n the_o achaian_n draw_v out_o and_o appear_v in_o battle_n in_o the_o field_n of_o caphya_n be_v defend_v on_o one_o side_n by_o the_o river_n that_o run_v through_o that_o country_n after_o the_o aetolian_n have_v well_o consider_v the_o ground_n that_o the_o enemy_n be_v advantageous_o post_v that_o they_o have_v cut_v many_o trench_n along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n whereby_o it_o be_v hardly_o any_o where_o passable_a and_o after_o they_o have_v far_o remark_v a_o strong_a desire_n in_o they_o to_o come_v to_o blow_n they_o upon_o deliberate_a thought_n conclude_v it_o their_o safe_a course_n to_o avoid_v a_o battle_n contrary_a to_o their_o first_o determination_n continue_v therefore_o in_o good_a order_n they_o march_v on_o take_v their_o way_n towards_o oligyrtus_n keep_v the_o high_a ground_n and_o think_v they_o shall_v gain_v a_o great_a point_n at_o that_o time_n if_o they_o can_v compass_v their_o passage_n without_o molestation_n or_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n after_o aratus_n and_o taurion_n have_v stay_v till_o they_o see_v the_o van_n of_o the_o aetolian_a army_n to_o have_v now_o
gain_v the_o hill_n and_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o plain_n bring_v up_o and_o sustain_v the_o rear_n and_o who_o now_o draw_v near_o a_o eminence_n call_v propus_n they_o send_v out_o their_o horse_n after_o they_o to_o who_o they_o join_v their_o light-armed_a troop_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o epistratus_n the_o acarnanian_a these_o have_v order_n to_o fall_v on_o their_o rearguard_n to_o make_v some_o proof_n of_o the_o mettle_n of_o the_o enemy_n now_o if_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n they_o can_v not_o have_v make_v a_o worse_a choice_n than_o to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o rear_n for_o their_o gross_n have_v already_o pass_v the_o plain_n but_o to_o have_v do_v as_o they_o ought_v will_v have_v be_v to_o have_v engage_v their_o van_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v enter_v on_o the_o champaign_n ground_n in_o which_o case_n they_o have_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o fight_v with_o the_o advantage_n both_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o order_n wherein_o in_o plain_a ground_n they_o be_v in_o both_o superior_a to_o the_o enemy_n who_o can_v not_o possible_o have_v then_o fight_v without_o great_a odds_o against_o they_o but_o while_o they_o commit_v this_o oversight_n and_o attack_v not_o the_o aetolian_n till_o they_o have_v gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o ground_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o the_o success_n fall_v out_o according_o for_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n no_o soon_o come_v to_o the_o charge_n when_o the_o aetolian_a horse_n have_v gain_v the_o mountain_n firm_a and_o in_o good_a order_n keep_v a_o good_a round_a march_n whereby_o to_o come_v up_o and_o join_v their_o foot_n aratus_n who_o can_v not_o very_o well_o discover_v how_o the_o affair_n go_v and_o not_o right_o judge_v of_o the_o danger_n to_o which_o he_o be_v go_v to_o expose_v himself_o imagine_v the_o enemy_n hasty_a motion_n to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o flight_n detach_v his_o curiassier_n from_o the_o wing_n and_o command_v they_o to_o advance_v to_o the_o charge_n to_o reinforce_v and_o sustain_v the_o light-armed_a soldier_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n draw_v up_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n into_o one_o battalion_n he_o march_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o and_o hasty_o advance_v towards_o the_o enemy_n do_v every_o thing_n with_o precipitation_n but_o the_o aetolian_a horse_n have_v no_o soon_o pass_v the_o plain_a and_o join_v the_o foot_n who_o have_v the_o rearguard_n and_o have_v now_o gain_v the_o mountain_n when_o they_o immediate_o make_v a_o halt_n and_o order_v their_o foot_n on_o the_o flank_n encourage_v one_o another_o to_o fear_v nothing_o and_o now_o face_v about_o the_o shout_n they_o make_v cause_v those_o who_o be_v at_o a_o distance_n to_o return_v and_o hasten_v to_o their_o assistance_n so_o that_o their_o number_n increase_v in_o confidence_n of_o their_o superior_a strength_n and_o the_o benefit_n of_o charge_v from_o high_a ground_n they_o bold_o attack_v the_o enemy_n horse_n and_o their_o light-armed_a troop_n and_o after_o a_o long_a and_o obstinate_a dispute_v the_o achaian_n be_v worsted_n who_o fly_v so_o terrify_v those_o who_o be_v come_v in_o no_o very_a good_a order_n to_o their_o relief_n that_o they_o likewise_o retreat_v as_o fast_o as_o they_o come_v partly_o out_o of_o ignorance_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o battle_n partly_o by_o meet_v those_o of_o their_o party_n who_o be_v fly_v for_o safety_n from_o the_o enemy_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o this_o party_n only_o of_o five_o hundred_o of_o their_o man_n be_v beat_v and_o above_o two_o thousand_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n without_o engage_v and_o now_o the_o aetolian_n who_o take_v counsel_n of_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o the_o field_n follow_v they_o hard_o in_o the_o rear_n with_o great_a shout_n and_o acclamation_n in_o short_a while_o the_o achaean_n troop_n be_v retreat_v back_o to_o the_o gross_a as_o they_o think_v of_o the_o army_n which_o they_o hope_v will_v afford_v they_o a_o safe_a reception_n their_o retreat_n be_v soldier-like_a in_o good_a and_o safe_a order_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o perceive_v they_o to_o have_v quit_v the_o advantageous_a post_n they_o have_v take_v that_o their_o order_n be_v break_v and_o confuse_v march_v in_o a_o defileé_n than_o they_o sell_v into_o confusion_n likewise_o and_o scatter_v and_o disperse_v themselves_o here_o and_o there_o some_o get_v into_o neighbour_a town_n other_o meet_v a_o battalion_n of_o their_o own_o troop_n that_o advance_v to_o their_o succour_n so_o terrify_v each_o other_o though_o no_o enemy_n be_v near_o that_o they_o both_o break_v and_o disperse_v of_o those_o that_o shift_v for_o themselves_o as_o we_o observe_v some_o get_v into_o the_o town_n round_o about_o and_o a_o good_a party_n escape_v to_o orchomenus_n and_o caphya_n which_o be_v not_o far_o off_o for_o have_v they_o not_o have_v those_o safe_a retreat_n at_o hand_n they_o have_v be_v entire_o ruin_v thus_o have_v we_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o this_o battle_n which_o be_v fight_v near_o caphya_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o megalopolitan_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o aetolian_n be_v encamp_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o methydrium_n they_o draw_v their_o whole_a force_n together_o and_o march_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o achaian_n but_o they_o arrive_v not_o till_o the_o day_n after_o the_o battle_n and_o their_o come_n prove_v of_o no_o other_o use_n than_o to_o take_v care_n of_o bury_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o expect_v to_o have_v join_v and_o hope_v to_o have_v relieve_v so_o that_o dig_v a_o great_a ditch_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o caphyan_n they_o there_o bury_v the_o dead_a perform_v the_o obsequy_n of_o those_o unfortunate_a man_n with_o great_a honour_n and_o solemnity_n and_o now_o the_o aetolian_n have_v obtain_v a_o victory_n so_o contrary_a to_o their_o hope_n by_o the_o single_a service_n of_o their_o horse_n and_o light-armed_a soldier_n take_v their_o march_n thereupon_o without_o fear_n or_o danger_n quite_o cross_a the_o country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o after_o make_v a_o attempt_n on_o pellene_n and_o harrass_v the_o territory_n of_o sicyon_n they_o take_v their_o way_n by_o the_o isthmus_n these_o matter_n than_o which_o we_o have_v now_o relate_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o confederate_a war_n and_o the_o decree_n that_o be_v conceive_v thereupon_o and_o confirm_v in_o a_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o ally_n at_o corinth_n where_o king_n philip_n who_o procure_v the_o same_o and_o be_v present_a be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o say_v war._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o achaian_n soon_o after_o this_o defeat_n call_v a_o assembly_n where_o aratus_n be_v severe_o prosecute_v with_o complaint_n on_o all_o hand_n as_o have_v be_v manifest_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n they_o have_v sustain_v and_o by_o how_o much_o his_o enemy_n press_v he_o with_o accusation_n and_o with_o strong_a reason_n lay_v open_v his_o mismanagement_n by_o so_o much_o do_v the_o hatred_n and_o indignation_n of_o the_o people_n increase_v against_o he_o first_o there_o be_v no_o dispute_n but_o that_o aratus_n have_v great_o err_v in_o have_v as_o one_o may_v say_v usurp_v the_o magistracy_n by_o take_v it_o upon_o he_o before_o he_o be_v regular_o elect_v into_o his_o charge_n and_o he_o can_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o what_o he_o have_v enterprise_v thereupon_o have_v very_o ill_o succeed_v furthermore_o they_o blame_v he_o for_o that_o see_v the_o aetolian_n yet_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o peloponnesus_n he_o have_v be_v prevail_v with_o to_o dismiss_v the_o achaean_n troop_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v be_v before_o well_o assure_v that_o scopas_n and_o dorimachus_n be_v sirm_o determine_v to_o embroil_v their_o affair_n and_o to_o do_v all_o they_o can_v to_o engage_v they_o in_o a_o war._n the_o three_o article_n against_o he_o be_v his_o adventure_n to_o engage_v with_o so_o few_o troop_n when_o he_o may_v with_o ease_n have_v make_v a_o good_a retreat_n to_o the_o neighbour_a town_n where_o he_o may_v at_o leisure_n have_v reinforce_v his_o army_n and_o then_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n if_o he_o have_v see_v cause_n the_o last_o and_o heavy_a charge_n against_o he_o be_v that_o after_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n he_o do_v not_o make_v one_o soldier-like_a step_n in_o the_o whole_a conduct_n of_o the_o action_n for_o it_o have_v be_v in_o his_o choice_n to_o have_v seek_v on_o plain_a ground_n which_o will_v have_v be_v much_o to_o his_o advantage_n for_o there_o the_o heavy-armed_a troop_n can_v have_v engage_v from_o who_o service_n he_o can_v hardly_o have_v sail_v of_o success_n while_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o
equality_n in_o their_o state_n in_o these_o dispute_v there_o be_v two_o of_o their_o ephori_fw-la of_o who_o it_o can_v not_o be_v discover_v to_o which_o party_n they_o be_v incline_v while_o the_o other_o three_o open_o manifest_v their_o be_v of_o the_o aetolian_a faction_n consider_v king_n philip_n as_o not_o yet_o of_o age_n ripe_a enough_o to_o rule_v the_o affair_n of_o peloponnesus_n but_o when_o contrary_a to_o their_o opinion_n and_o more_o speedy_o than_o they_o expect_v the_o aetolian_n be_v retire_v and_o philip_n arrive_v out_o of_o macedon_n soon_o than_o be_v believe_v the_o three_o ephori_fw-la begin_v to_o fall_v into_o suspicion_n of_o adimantus_n one_o of_o the_o other_o two_o for_o they_o well_o know_v he_o be_v privy_a to_o their_o design_n and_o testify_v his_o disapproval_n of_o their_o counsel_n wherefore_o they_o apprehend_v lest_o he_o when_o philip_n shall_v approach_v near_a may_v reveal_v to_o he_o all_o that_o have_v pass_v wherefore_o impart_v their_o purpose_n to_o certain_a young_a man_n of_o their_o party_n they_o proclaim_v by_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n that_o all_o who_o be_v of_o age_n to_o go_v to_o war_n shall_v assemble_v with_o their_o arm_n at_o a_o certain_a place_n of_o rendezvous_n near_o the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n chalciaece_n to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o macedonian_n who_o be_v approach_v their_o border_n hereupon_o the_o people_n assemble_v terrify_v at_o this_o surprise_v news_n but_o adimantus_n disapprove_v the_o proceed_n hasten_v to_o those_o who_o be_v so_o draw_v together_o and_o speak_v to_o they_o after_o this_o manner_n it_o will_v be_v wholesome_a counsel_n to_o conceive_v such_o edict_n and_o make_v such_o proclamation_n upon_o notice_n that_o the_o aetolian_n our_o enemy_n be_v on_o our_o border_n but_o not_o at_o this_o time_n when_o the_o macedonian_n our_o friend_n from_o who_o bounty_n we_o have_v receive_v so_o many_o good_a office_n be_v approach_v we_o have_v their_o king_n in_o person_n with_o they_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o end_v these_o word_n when_o those_o who_o be_v of_o intelligence_n with_o the_o other_o ephori_fw-la fall_v upon_o he_o stab_v he_o to_o death_n with_o their_o poinyard_n and_o together_o with_o he_o sthenelaus_n alcamenes_n thyestes_n bionidias_n and_o many_o other_o principal_a citizen_n polyphontes_n and_o some_o other_o who_o foresee_v the_o danger_n escape_v to_o king_n philip._n but_o the_o ephori_fw-la become_v by_o this_o action_n formidable_a in_o sparta_n send_v forthwith_o to_o the_o king_n lay_v the_o cause_n of_o what_o have_v happen_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v slay_v pray_v he_o to_o defer_v his_o come_n to_o sparta_n till_o their_o tumult_n shall_v be_v over_o and_o their_o affair_n in_o a_o more_o quiet_a posture_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o give_v he_o solemn_a assurance_n of_o fair_a deal_v and_o that_o they_o will_v perform_v the_o capitulation_n punctual_o their_o ambassador_n find_v the_o king_n near_o the_o mountain_n of_o parthenia_n where_o they_o perform_v their_o commission_n after_o he_o have_v give_v they_o audience_n he_o tell_v they_o they_o shall_v return_v back_o to_o sparta_n and_o let_v the_o ephori_fw-la understand_v that_o he_o intend_v to_o proceed_v on_o his_o way_n to_o tegaea_n where_o he_o desire_v they_o will_v dispatch_v to_o he_o proper_a person_n with_o who_o to_o confer_v touch_v the_o present_a posture_n of_o affair_n so_o they_o commissionated_a ten_o of_o the_o principal_a citizen_n of_o lacedaemon_n for_o that_o negotiation_n appoint_v onias_n chief_a of_o the_o embassy_n upon_o their_o arrival_n at_o tegaea_n they_o be_v introduce_v to_o the_o king_n in_o council_n where_o they_o renew_v their_o accusation_n against_o adimantus_n make_v he_o the_o author_n of_o all_o those_o disorder_n that_o have_v happen_v among_o they_o and_o in_o short_a they_o make_v the_o king_n plausible_a promise_n to_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n the_o part_n of_o faithful_a confederate_n and_o to_o proceed_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o to_o make_v it_o manifest_a that_o they_o surpass_v in_o zeal_n and_o affection_n those_o who_o he_o hold_v for_o his_o faithful_a friend_n after_o this_o discourse_n and_o more_o to_o the_o like_a effect_n the_o ambassador_n withdraw_v those_o who_o be_v present_a in_o the_o council_n be_v divide_v in_o their_o opinion_n and_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o adimantus_n and_o those_o who_o have_v be_v assassinate_v be_v sacrifice_v for_o their_o fidelity_n to_o king_n philip_n and_o that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n prevaricate_v and_o be_v dispose_v to_o enter_v into_o alliance_n with_o the_o aetolian_n counsel_v the_o king_n to_o make_v they_o a_o example_n and_o treat_v they_o as_o alexander_n have_v do_v the_o theban_n upon_o his_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o other_o of_o the_o grave_a sort_n be_v for_o more_o moderate_a counsel_n remonstrate_v that_o such_o a_o punishment_n be_v too_o great_a for_o their_o fault_n and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v enough_o to_o punish_v the_o promoter_n and_o head_n of_o the_o sedition_n by_o remove_v they_o from_o the_o magistracy_n and_o place_v the_o authority_n in_o such_o hand_n as_o be_v firm_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o king_n after_o they_o have_v all_o speak_v their_o mind_n the_o king_n deliver_v his_o opinion_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o what_o he_o say_v in_o that_o occasion_n be_v his_o own_o for_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v hardly_o probable_a that_o a_o young_a prince_n of_o seventeen_o year_n of_o age_n can_v be_v able_a to_o determine_v with_o such_o sagacity_n in_o a_o affair_n of_o so_o much_o moment_n but_o as_o it_o be_v good_a manner_n in_o historian_n to_o attribute_v to_o the_o prince_n themselves_o the_o resolution_n that_o be_v take_v in_o their_o cabinet_n so_o the_o reader_n of_o history_n ought_v to_o conclude_v that_o such_o wholesome_a determination_n flow_v rather_o from_o the_o ripe_a conception_n of_o their_o faithful_a servant_n and_o such_o as_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o prince_n privacy_n and_o there_o be_v all_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n to_o do_v aratus_n the_o justice_n of_o believe_v he_o to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o what_o the_o king_n deliver_v on_o that_o occasion_n who_o say_v that_o if_o the_o confederate_n have_v any_o difference_n among_o themselves_o what_o be_v fit_v to_o be_v do_v in_o such_o case_n be_v to_o admonish_v they_o by_o word_n or_o letter_n and_o let_v they_o know_v that_o their_o proceed_n be_v observe_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v do_v in_o violation_n of_o the_o general_a alliance_n aught_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o joint_a sentence_n of_o the_o confederate_n but_o that_o since_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v be_v guilty_a of_o any_o infraction_n of_o the_o union_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a have_v give_v the_o macedonian_n such_o assurance_n of_o their_o sincerity_n as_o they_o do_v there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o deal_v severe_o with_o they_o that_o in_o a_o word_n it_o will_v not_o be_v just_a in_o he_o to_o animadvert_v on_o they_o for_o light_a offence_n who_o his_o father_n have_v pardon_v while_o they_o be_v enemy_n and_o he_o a_o conqueror_n this_o opinion_n then_o of_o the_o king_n prevail_v that_o it_o will_v be_v better_a to_o connive_v at_o what_o have_v happen_v he_o dispatch_v petraeus_n one_o of_o his_o favourite_n servant_n in_o company_n of_o onias_n to_o exhort_v the_o lacedaemonian_n to_o continue_v firm_a to_o the_o treaty_n and_o to_o ratify_v it_o by_o a_o new_a oath_n while_o himself_o march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o corinth_n have_v give_v the_o confederate_n a_o admirable_a instance_n of_o his_o prudence_n and_o magnanimity_n in_o this_o his_o behaviour_n towards_o the_o lacedaemonian_n the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o confederate_n be_v already_o meet_v at_o corinth_n where_o upon_o the_o king_n arrival_n they_o fall_v to_o deliberate_v with_o he_o about_o their_o common_a affair_n and_o what_o resolution_n to_o take_v touch_v the_o aetolian_n the_o boeotian_o accuse_v they_o of_o have_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n plunder_v and_o violate_v the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n itonia_n the_o phocian_o for_o attacking_z in_o hostile_a manner_n the_o town_n of_o ambrysus_n and_o daulius_n the_o epirot_n charge_v they_o with_o make_v inroad_n and_o plunder_v their_o country_n the_o acarnanian_o for_o their_o attempt_n on_o thyreum_n and_o after_o it_o have_v be_v make_v evident_a to_o the_o assembly_n in_o what_o manner_n they_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o fortress_n of_o clarium_fw-la in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o that_o they_o have_v ruin_v the_o country_n of_o pharus_n and_o patrae_n in_o their_o march_n destroy_v cynaetha_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n profane_v the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o lussi_n besiege_v clytoria_n make_v war_n by_o sea_n at_o pylus_n and_o land_a in_o hostile_a manner_n on_o the_o territory_n of_o
tritaea_n perceive_v they_o be_v to_o expect_v no_o relief_n from_o aratus_n they_o resolve_v in_o their_o assembly_n to_o contribute_v no_o further_o to_o the_o confederate_a stock_n but_o to_o raise_v force_n of_o their_o own_o for_o their_o proper_a desence_n so_o they_o list_v three_o hundred_o foot_n and_o fifty_o horse_n which_o they_o send_v to_o the_o frontier_n in_o this_o determination_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o every_o one_o that_o they_o have_v do_v very_o wise_o for_o themselves_o but_o very_o ill_a for_o the_o confederacy_n and_o common_a cause_n of_o the_o achaian_n but_o a_o great_a part_n of_o this_o failure_n may_v just_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o praetor_n who_o custom_n it_o have_v be_v to_o amuse_v and_o deceive_v they_o by_o his_o coldness_n and_o procrastination_n though_o their_o affair_n be_v never_o so_o press_v but_o it_o be_v in_o short_a incident_a to_o people_n in_o danger_n that_o while_o there_o be_v hope_n of_o aid_n from_o their_o confederate_n and_o friend_n their_o great_a reliance_n and_o expectation_n of_o support_n be_v from_o they_o but_o those_o hope_n once_o lose_v and_o straighten_v by_o adversity_n they_o become_v drive_v to_o apply_v remedy_n of_o their_o own_o and_o convert_v all_o their_o strength_n to_o their_o single_a and_o particular_a safety_n wherefore_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o blame_n due_a to_o the_o pharaean_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o have_v make_v levy_n for_o their_o own_o defence_n while_o the_o achaean_n praetor_n fail_v they_o but_o they_o be_v not_o without_o imputation_n of_o have_v do_v amiss_o in_o refuse_v to_o contribute_v however_o to_o the_o common_a stock_n of_o the_o confederacy_n and_o as_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o their_o care_n for_o themselves_o in_o particular_a be_v just_a so_o while_o they_o be_v able_a they_o be_v indispensible_o bind_v to_o contribute_v to_o the_o general_n concernment_n of_o the_o league_n especial_o consider_v that_o by_o the_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o alliance_n they_o be_v to_o be_v repay_v whatsoever_o they_o shall_v contribute_v and_o what_o be_v of_o further_a weight_n they_o themselves_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o confederacy_n of_o the_o achaian_n while_o matter_n be_v thus_o transact_v in_o peloponnesus_n king_n philip_n have_v march_v through_o thessaly_n come_v to_o epirus_n where_o after_o he_o have_v incorporate_v the_o epirot_n supply_v who_o be_v to_o join_v he_o with_o his_o own_o troop_n together_o with_o three_o hundred_o slinger_n that_o have_v be_v send_v he_o from_o achaia_n and_o three_o hundred_o cretan_n who_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o polyrrhenaean_n he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o have_v cross_v the_o kingdom_n of_o epirus_n he_o come_v to_o the_o frontier_n of_o ambracia_n and_o in_o case_n he_o have_v make_v no_o delay_n but_o have_v lead_v his_o army_n direct_o into_o aetolia_n and_o sallen_v by_o surprise_n with_o so_o strong_a a_o hand_n on_o that_o people_n he_o have_v in_o all_o likelihood_n give_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war._n but_o the_o epirot_n be_v instant_a with_o he_o to_o set_v first_o down_o before_o ambracia_n he_o by_o that_o mean_n give_v the_o enemy_n time_n to_o fortify_v and_o provide_v for_o themselves_o thus_o the_o epirot_n prefer_v little_o private_a gain_n to_o the_o general_a benefit_n of_o the_o confederacy_n their_o passion_n to_o get_v ambracia_n into_o their_o hand_n incite_v they_o to_o labour_v that_o philip_n may_v make_v the_o siege_n of_o that_o place_n his_o first_o enterprise_n covet_v nothing_o more_o than_o to_o win_v ambracia_n from_o the_o aetolian_n which_o nevertheless_o they_o see_v not_o how_o it_o can_v be_v effect_v without_o first_o become_v master_n of_o ambracium_fw-la a_o fortress_n of_o good_a strength_n have_v a_o strong_a wall_n about_o it_o and_o stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o morass_n that_o surround_v it_o on_o all_o side_n to_o which_o there_o be_v but_o one_o strait_a access_n or_o passage_n be_v a_o causey_n make_v of_o earth_n bring_v thither_o for_o that_o purpose_n in_o short_a this_o place_n stand_v very_o commodious_o for_o infest_v the_o country_n of_o the_o ambracian_o and_o the_o city_n itself_o wherefore_o philip_n by_o persuasion_n of_o the_o epirot_n sit_v down_o before_o it_o and_o dispose_v thing_n for_o the_o siege_n scopas_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n at_o the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o aetolian_a force_n take_v his_o march_n through_o thessaly_n and_o fall_v into_o macedon_n where_o pass_v the_o plain_n of_o pieria_n he_o ravage_v the_o country_n without_o opposition_n and_o after_o have_v take_v much_o plunder_n he_o march_v towards_o dlum_o which_o place_n be_v desert_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n he_o dismantle_v burn_v the_o portico_n belong_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o destroy_v all_o the_o ornament_n and_o whatever_o be_v of_o use_n to_o the_o people_n when_o they_o assemble_v to_o celebrate_v their_o festival_n he_o likewise_o spoil_v and_o throw_v down_o all_o the_o statue_n of_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n and_o he_o who_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o these_o trouble_n and_o in_o his_o first_o expedition_n make_v war_n not_o on_o man_n only_o but_o against_o the_o god_n be_v on_o his_o return_n home_o not_o only_o not_o censure_v as_o a_o impious_a or_o sacrilegious_a person_n but_o honour_v as_o a_o man_n of_o merit_n and_o a_o good_a servant_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o by_o the_o promise_n of_o further_a success_n he_o make_v they_o much_o animate_v the_o aetolian_n who_o now_o conclude_v none_o will_v dare_v to_o approach_v their_o country_n in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n while_o they_o themselves_o pillage_v with_o impunity_n not_o only_a peloponnesus_n but_o thessaly_n and_o macedon_n itself_o king_n philip_n soon_o receive_v advice_n of_o this_o invasion_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o though_o he_o endure_v with_o pain_n the_o obstinacy_n and_o ambition_n of_o the_o epirot_n nevertheless_o he_o resolve_v to_o continue_v the_o siege_n of_o ambracium_fw-la and_o when_o he_o have_v perform_v all_o that_o can_v be_v expect_v in_o the_o like_a case_n and_o have_v terrify_v the_o inhabitant_n by_o his_o work_n and_o approach_n at_o length_n take_v it_o on_o composition_n after_o a_o siege_n of_o forty_o day_n so_o turn_v out_o the_o aetolian_a garrison_n consist_v of_o about_o five_o hundred_o man_n who_o by_o article_n be_v to_o suffer_v no_o ill_a treatment_n he_o give_v ambracium_fw-la to_o the_o epirot_n and_o thus_o gratify_v their_o ambition_n this_o do_v he_o lead_v his_o army_n along_o the_o river_n charadra_n with_o purpose_n speedy_o to_o pass_v the_o gulf_n of_o ambracia_n where_o it_o be_v narrow_a near_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o acarnanian_o call_v actium_n this_o gulf_n come_v out_o of_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n and_o part_n the_o kingdom_n of_o epirus_n and_o acarnaria_n the_o mouth_n be_v but_o narrow_a be_v little_o more_o than_o half_a a_o mile_n broad_a but_o it_o soon_o widen_v and_o be_v in_o some_o place_n twelve_o mile_n over_o stretch_v in_o length_n about_o forty_o mile_n in_o from_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n run_v between_o the_o abovenamed_a country_n epirus_n be_v on_o the_o north-side_n and_o acarnania_n on_o the_o south_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v this_o gulf_n with_o his_o army_n he_o take_v his_o march_n through_o acarnania_n and_o draw_v towards_o phaerea_n a_o aetolian_a town_n and_o recruit_v his_o army_n with_o two_o thousand_o acarnanian_a foot_n and_o about_o two_o hundred_o horse_n he_o invest_v that_o place_n and_o after_o many_o vigorous_a attack_n for_o two_o day_n together_o the_o three_o it_o capitulate_v the_o aetolian_a garrison_n march_v out_o with_o their_o baggage_n as_o it_o be_v article_v the_o follow_a night_n there_o arrive_v five_o hundred_o aetolian_n who_o come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o place_n think_v it_o have_v be_v still_o their_o own_o but_o the_o king_n receive_v a_o account_n of_o their_o march_n possess_v himself_o of_o certain_a advantageous_a post_n in_o their_o way_n and_o fall_v on_o they_o cut_v of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o take_v the_o rest_n prisoner_n a_o very_a few_o only_a escape_n then_o after_o he_o have_v distribute_v thirty_o day_n corn_n to_o the_o army_n the_o granary_n of_o this_o town_n be_v very_o well_o replenish_v he_o march_v towards_o strategica_n and_o come_v within_o little_o more_o than_o a_o mile_n of_o the_o place_n he_o encamp_v by_o the_o river_n achelous_n from_o thence_o continue_v his_o march_n he_o ravage_v the_o country_n round_o about_o no_o enemy_n appear_v to_o withstand_v he_o about_o this_o time_n the_o achaian_n begin_v to_o feel_v the_o ill_a effect_n of_o the_o war_n hear_v the_o king_n be_v at_o hand_n send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o wait_v on_o he_o and_o demand_v succour_n these_o find_v he_o near_o stratus_n who_o when_o they_o have_v do_v their_o commission_n represent_v how_o profitable_a a_o enterprise_n it_o will_v be_v
the_o siege_n and_o order_v his_o troop_n to_o refresh_v themselves_o and_o to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n under_o their_o arm_n by_o break_v of_o day_n he_o command_v they_o to_o march_v down_o and_o pass_v the_o bridge_n over_o the_o erymanthus_n which_o they_o do_v without_o any_o impediment_n none_o suspect_v they_o will_v adventure_v on_o so_o hardy_a a_o enterprise_n then_o brave_o approach_v the_o town_n they_o come_v and_o lodge_v themselves_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o wall_n upon_o this_o euripidas_n and_o all_o within_o the_o town_n be_v strike_v with_o great_a terror_n and_o amazement_n have_v always_o conclude_v it_o most_o improbable_a that_o the_o enemy_n will_v ever_o be_v so_o adventurous_a as_o to_o make_v a_o essay_n of_o their_o strength_n against_o a_o place_n so_o well_o fortify_v and_o provide_v nor_o to_o resolve_v on_o a_o long_a siege_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o winter_n and_o bad_a wether_n nevertheless_o with_o these_o thought_n be_v mix_v certain_a jealousy_n among_o themselves_o and_o a_o apprehension_n lest_o philip_n shall_v become_v master_n of_o the_o place_n by_o intelligence_n but_o these_o fear_n be_v soon_o over_o and_o after_o they_o find_v there_o be_v no_o ground_n of_o suspicion_n of_o that_o there_o be_v none_o so_o much_o as_o incline_v to_o philip_n party_n they_o then_o unanimous_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o work_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o garrison_n mount_v the_o wall_n while_o the_o elean_a mercenary_n make_v a_o sally_n by_o a_o gate_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o town_n to_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n on_o that_o side_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o king_n have_v appoint_v three_o several_a attack_n order_v ladder_n to_o be_v raise_v by_o people_n destine_v to_o that_o particular_a service_n against_o each_o assign_v place_n with_o a_o sufficient_a guard_n of_o macedonian_n to_o sustain_v they_o then_o command_v to_o sound_v to_o the_o charge_n they_o advance_v to_o the_o assault_n on_o all_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n the_o garrison_n for_o a_o space_n make_v brave_a resistance_n cast_v down_o many_o of_o their_o ladder_n but_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o their_o dart_n and_o other_o weapon_n of_o defence_n in_o such_o occasion_n begin_v to_o fail_v they_o for_o they_o be_v draw_v to_o the_o wall_n in_o haste_n as_o be_v note_v and_o the_o macedonian_n brave_o maintain_v the_o attack_z notwithstanding_o the_o opposition_n they_o find_v new_a man_n bold_o succeed_v and_o fill_v up_o the_o place_n of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v cast_v from_o the_o work_n that_o the_o townsman_n no_o long_o able_a to_o withstand_v they_o desert_v their_o defence_n and_o betake_v themselves_o for_o safety_n to_o the_o citadel_n so_o the_o macedonian_n mount_v and_o become_v possess_v of_o the_o wall_n while_o the_o candiot_n who_o be_v come_v to_o blow_n with_o the_o party_n that_o have_v make_v the_o sally_n beat_v they_o back_o and_o in_o the_o pursuit_n enter_v pell-mell_o with_o they_o into_o the_o town_n whereby_o it_o so_o chance_v that_o the_o place_n be_v subdue_v and_o take_v in_o all_o quarter_n at_o once_o the_o inhabitant_n with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n likewise_o take_v sanctuary_n in_o the_o citadel_n as_o do_v euripidas_n and_o all_o that_o have_v time_n to_o provide_v for_o their_o safety_n the_o macedonian_n be_v no_o soon_o master_n of_o the_o town_n when_o they_o fall_v to_o plunder_v and_o rifle_v both_o public_a and_o private_a place_n where_o they_o remain_v till_o they_o shall_v receive_v further_a order_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n those_o who_o have_v retire_v to_o the_o citadel_n foresee_v what_o must_v inevitable_o besal_n they_o have_v nothing_o there_o to_o sustain_v they_o deliberate_v on_o yield_v it_o up_o according_o they_o send_v a_o trumpet_n to_o the_o king_n who_o give_v they_o his_o pass_n for_o the_o security_n of_o those_o who_o they_o shall_v appoint_v to_o treat_v who_o be_v the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o with_o they_o euripidas_n who_o obtain_v indemnity_n for_o all_o who_o be_v retire_v to_o the_o citadel_n both_o townsman_n and_o stranger_n nevertheless_o the_o deputy_n be_v order_v to_o return_v back_o and_o there_o to_o remain_v till_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v draw_v off_o lest_o some_o of_o the_o unruly_a soldier_n less_o observant_a of_o the_o king_n command_n shall_v be_v tempt_v to_o rifle_v they_o the_o wether_n be_v bad_a much_o snow_n fall_v the_o king_n be_v constrain_v to_o take_v up_o his_o abode_n here_o for_o some_o day_n where_o assemble_v all_o the_o achaian_n that_o be_v with_o he_o he_o first_o discourse_v with_o they_o touch_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n that_o it_o be_v well_o fortify_v and_o of_o great_a use_n to_o they_o in_o the_o war_n they_o have_v on_o their_o hand_n then_o repeat_v the_o assurance_n of_o his_o fast_a friendship_n to_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n he_o bestow_v the_o town_n upon_o they_o tell_v they_o he_o be_v full_o determine_v to_o give_v they_o all_o the_o assistance_n in_o his_o utmost_a power_n and_o will_v let_v no_o occasion_n pass_v whereby_o he_o may_v express_v his_o affection_n to_o they_o after_o aratus_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o achaian_n have_v express_v their_o grateful_a acknowledgement_n for_o so_o many_o favour_n and_o good_a office_n the_o king_n dissolve_v the_o assembly_n and_o march_v the_o army_n away_o towards_o lasion_n upon_o which_o the_o psophidians_n leave_v the_o citadel_n and_o come_v down_o into_o the_o town_n to_o their_o respective_a habitation_n as_o to_o euripidas_n he_o depart_v thence_o to_o corinth_n from_o whence_o he_o go_v to_o aetolia_n the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o achaian_n give_v the_o government_n of_o the_o citadel_n to_o proslaus_n the_o sicyonian_a place_v therein_o a_o good_a garrison_n and_o pythias_n they_o make_v governor_n of_o the_o town_n thus_o be_v matter_n accommodate_v at_o psophis_n the_o elean_a garrison_n in_o lasion_n receive_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o macedonian_n and_o be_v inform_v of_o what_o have_v pass_v at_o psophis_n desert_v the_o town_n into_o which_o the_o king_n immediate_o enter_v on_o his_o arrival_n to_o give_v further_a instance_n of_o his_o kindness_n to_o the_o achaian_n he_o make_v they_o a_o present_v likewise_o of_o this_o place_n he_o also_o restore_v stratus_n to_o the_o telphussians_n which_o the_o elean_n have_v abandon_v and_o in_o short_a in_o five_o day_n march_v to_o olymphia_n where_o after_o he_o have_v sacrifice_v and_o magnificent_o treat_v the_o prime_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n and_o allow_v three_o day_n to_o repose_v and_o refresh_v his_o troop_n he_o march_v they_o into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o elean_n where_o he_o no_o soon_o enter_v when_o he_o send_v detachment_n abroad_o to_o waste_v and_o plunder_v the_o country_n himself_o encamp_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o artemissium_n whither_o have_v order_v the_o booty_n to_o be_v bring_v he_o afterward_o return_v back_o to_o dioscurium_n and_o here_o though_o they_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n wherever_o they_o come_v and_o take_v many_o prisoner_n nevertheless_o the_o great_a part_n save_v themselves_o by_o fly_v to_o the_o neighbour_a town_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n for_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o elean_n be_v the_o best_a people_v country_n of_o all_o peloponnesus_n and_o the_o most_o abound_v in_o all_o thing_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o in_o love_n with_o a_o country_n life_n that_o how_o wealthy_a soever_o they_o be_v they_o can_v be_v draw_v from_o thence_o to_o inhabit_v their_o to_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o the_o government_n great_o incourage_v that_o sort_n of_o life_n whereby_o their_o land_n become_v better_o cultivate_v and_o improve_v insomuch_o as_o they_o receive_v from_o they_o all_o kind_n of_o protection_n and_o want_v no_o privilege_n or_o support_v it_o can_v give_v they_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o can_v easy_o believe_v they_o have_v be_v ever_o heretofore_o addict_v to_o that_o manner_n of_o live_v as_o well_o through_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o the_o innocence_n and_o simplicity_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n while_o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o greek_n they_o enjoy_v their_o possession_n without_o any_o molestation_n or_o fear_v of_o war_n or_o violence_n in_o consideration_n of_o the_o olympic_a game_n that_o be_v there_o celebrate_v but_o after_o the_o arcadian_n have_v now_o challenge_v a_o right_a to_o lasion_n and_o pisa_n and_o they_o be_v become_v oblige_v to_o take_v arm_n to_o defend_v their_o possession_n they_o become_v change_v in_o their_o manner_n and_o forget_v the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o their_o country_n without_o thought_n of_o recover_v their_o old_a liberty_n and_o have_v long_o continue_v for_o the_o most_o
make_v over_o the_o river_n alpheus_n whereby_o to_o facilitate_v his_o passage_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o tryphalians_n at_o the_o same_o time_n dorimachus_n praetor_n of_o the_o aetolian_n send_v six_o hundred_o of_o that_o nation_n under_o the_o command_n of_o phylidas_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o elean_n who_o have_v demand_v succour_n against_o those_o that_o waste_v their_o country_n phylidas_n on_o his_o arrival_n join_v five_o hundred_o mercenary_n to_o his_o own_o troop_n who_o be_v list_v into_o the_o aetolian_a pay_n and_o add_v to_o they_o a_o thousand_o of_o the_o city-band_n together_o with_o certain_a tarentines_n march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o tryphalians_n this_o country_n take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o arcadian_a boy_n call_v tryphalus_n it_o stand_v in_o the_o maritime_a part_n of_o peloponnesus_n between_o the_o elean_n and_o messenian_n look_v towards_o the_o lybian_a sea_n on_o the_o skirt_n of_o achaia_n towards_o the_o north-west_n the_o town_n of_o this_o country_n be_v samicum_n lepreum_n hypana_n typanaea_n pyrgus_n aepyum_n bolax_n styllagium_n and_o phryxa_n the_o elean_n have_v of_o late_a day_n subdue_v and_o reduce_v all_o these_o place_n to_o their_o obedience_n to_o which_o they_o add_v alipheraea_n heretofore_o a_o arcadian_a town_n and_o megalopolis_n itself_o by_o the_o procurement_n of_o alliadas_n while_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v in_o his_o hand_n which_o be_v negotiate_v by_o way_n of_o exchange_n for_o certain_a reason_n best_o know_v to_o he_o and_o the_o elean_n the_o king_n be_v now_o quit_v of_o his_o plunder_n and_o baggage_n pass_v the_o alpheus_n which_o run_v by_o the_o wall_n of_o heraea_n come_v to_o alipheraea_n this_o town_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o eminence_n which_o lie_v steep_a and_o slope_v every_o way_n be_v a_o ascent_n of_o above_o a_o mile_n to_o the_o top_n where_o stand_v a_o fortress_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o statue_n of_o brass_n of_o minerva_n famous_a for_o its_o magnitude_n and_o the_o excellence_n of_o the_o workmanship_n the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o can_v give_v no_o very_a clear_a account_n why_o it_o be_v there_o place_v nor_o at_o who_o charge_n it_o be_v do_v but_o as_o to_o the_o workman_n all_o conclude_v it_o to_o have_v be_v wrought_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o hecatodorus_n and_o sostratus_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o beautiful_a and_o finish_v piece_n they_o ever_o perform_v philip_n have_v order_v those_o who_o carry_v the_o scaling-ladder_n to_o be_v ready_a by_o daybreak_n at_o certain_a place_n assign_v they_o send_v his_o mercenary_n before_o and_o to_o sustain_v they_o a_o body_n of_o macedonian_n give_v they_o order_n to_o begin_v all_o together_o to_o mount_v the_o hill_n at_o the_o instant_a the_o sun_n appear_v above_o the_o horizon_n which_o direction_n be_v punctual_o and_o with_o great_a resolution_n observe_v by_o the_o macedonian_n those_o of_o the_o place_n hasten_v to_o that_o part_n where_o they_o see_v the_o macedonian_n in_o great_a number_n give_v the_o king_n opportunity_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o party_n of_o choose_a man_n to_o pass_v unobserved_a by_o those_o of_o the_o fortress_n over_o certain_a break_a ground_n full_a of_o rock_n and_o precipice_n from_o whence_o give_v the_o signal_n they_o approach_v with_o their_o ladder_n to_o mount_v the_o work_n philip_z himself_z first_o enters_z and_z takes_z possession_n of_o a_o unguarded_a part_n of_o the_o place_n which_o he_o immediate_o set_v in_o a_o flame_n whereupon_o those_o who_o be_v defend_v the_o wall_n behold_v all_o on_o fire_n terrify_v at_o the_o danger_n they_o see_v so_o near_o they_o and_o fear_v they_o shall_v lose_v the_o citadel_n which_o be_v their_o last_o refuge_n forthwith_o abandon_v the_o defence_n of_o their_o wall_n and_o hasten_v thither_o whereupon_o the_o macedonian_n become_v present_o master_n of_o the_o work_n and_o the_o town_n but_o those_o who_o be_v retreat_v to_o the_o citadel_n soon_o send_v to_o the_o king_n and_z on_o composition_n for_o their_o life_n yield_v it_o up_o this_o success_n spread_v fear_n throughout_o all_o the_o country_n of_o tryphalia_n and_o every_o one_o begin_v to_o deliberate_v how_o to_o preserve_v themselves_o and_o save_v their_o country_n as_o to_o phylidas_n he_o have_v quit_v typanaea_n and_o commit_v some_o spoil_n on_o the_o ally_n retire_v to_o lepreum_n for_o in_o those_o time_n the_o confederate_n of_o the_o aetolian_n be_v accustom_a though_o in_o amity_n not_o only_o to_o be_v by_o they_o desert_v in_o their_o great_a strait_n but_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v plunder_v and_o betray_v by_o they_o and_o endure_v at_o their_o hand_n who_o call_v they_o friend_n all_o the_o outrage_n that_o can_v be_v fear_v from_o a_o conquer_a enemy_n those_o of_o typanaea_n give_v up_o their_o city_n to_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o hypanaean_n follow_v their_o example_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o phialians_n have_v understand_v what_o pass_v in_o tryphalia_n detest_a the_o aetolian_a league_n resolute_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o palace_n where_o the_o polemarch_n or_o magistrate_n reside_v as_o to_o the_o aetolian_a pilferer_n who_o hold_v their_o abode_n at_o phialia_n with_o design_n to_o spoil_v from_o thence_o the_o land_n of_o the_o messenian_n and_o be_v at_o that_o time_n consult_v about_o enterprize_v something_o on_o the_o phialians_n themselves_o when_o they_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v determine_v to_o stand_v on_o their_o guard_n and_o repel_v force_n by_o force_n they_o thereupon_o change_v their_o purpose_n and_o after_o have_v take_v certain_a security_n of_o those_o of_o the_o town_n they_o march_v out_o with_o all_o their_o baggage_n whereupon_o the_o phialians_n dispatch_v their_o deputy_n to_o the_o king_n give_v their_o town_n and_o country_n up_o to_o his_o discretion_n during_o these_o transaction_n the_o lepreans_n seize_v a_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n into_o their_o hand_n attempt_v to_o force_v out_o of_o the_o citadel_n the_o aetolian_n elean_n and_o the_o troop_n that_o have_v be_v send_v to_o their_o relief_n by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n but_o phylidas_n at_o first_o set_v light_n by_o this_o their_o attempt_n seem_v resolve_v to_o do_v his_o best_a to_o preserve_v the_o town_n in_o obedience_n and_o terrify_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o on_o philip_n send_v taurion_n with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n towards_o phialia_n and_o himself_o now_o draw_v near_o his_o courage_n begin_v to_o sink_v whereupon_o the_o lepreans_n grow_v more_o assure_v and_o do_v a_o action_n in_o that_o occasion_n very_o memorable_a for_o albeit_o there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o town_n a_o thousand_o elean_n five_o hundred_o aetolian_n and_o two_o hundred_o lacedaemonian_n and_o the_o citadel_n over_o and_o above_o in_o their_o hand_n they_o have_v nevertheless_o the_o resolution_n to_o enterprise_v the_o deliver_n of_o their_o country_n and_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o betray_v themselves_o by_o a_o slavish_a fear_n or_o submission_n wherefore_o phylidas_n perceive_v the_o citizen_n determination_n march_v together_o with_o the_o elean_n and_o lacedaemonian_n out_o of_o the_o town_n as_o to_o the_o cretan_n who_o have_v be_v send_v by_o the_o spartiatae_n they_o return_v by_o the_o way_n of_o messina_n to_o their_o own_o country_n and_o phylidas_n retreat_v to_o samicum_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o lepreans_n become_v master_n of_o their_o liberty_n they_o dispatch_v their_o deputy_n to_o philip_n to_o make_v tender_a of_o their_o city_n and_o put_v it_o into_o his_o hand_n after_o the_o king_n have_v give_v they_o audience_n he_o dispatch_v a_o part_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o leprea_n and_o continue_v his_o march_n with_o his_o bucklerman_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n be_v determine_v to_o attack_v phylidas_n who_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o his_o plunder_n and_o baggage_n be_v as_o we_o say_v retreat_v to_o samicum_n whither_o the_o king_n speedy_o come_v and_o encamp_v in_o view_n of_o the_o place_n and_o send_v this_o order_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o join_v he_o from_o leprea_n make_v countenance_n of_o resolve_v to_o besiege_v it_o whereupon_o the_o elean_n and_o aetolian_n who_o be_v unprovided_a for_o defence_n and_o have_v nothing_o but_o the_o bare_a wall_n to_o trust_v to_o begin_v to_o capitulate_v so_o it_o be_v agree_v they_o shall_v march_v out_o with_o their_o arm_n from_o whence_o they_o go_v to_o elea._n thus_o the_o king_n become_v master_n of_o samicum_n and_o now_o upon_o the_o supplication_n of_o the_o town_n round_o about_o he_o receive_v they_o all_o into_o his_o protection_n as_o namely_o phryxa_n styllagium_fw-la epia_n bolax_n pyrga_n and_o epitalia_n and_o so_o march_v back_o to_o leprea_n have_v in_o the_o space_n of_o six_o day_n compass_v the_o reduction_n of_o all_o tryphalia_n to_o his_o obedience_n after_o some_o conference_n with_o the_o lepreans_n suit_v the_o time_n and_o
occasion_n he_o put_v a_o garrison_n into_o the_o citadel_n and_o lead_v his_o army_n towards_o heraea_n leave_v ladicus_n the_o acarnanian_a his_o governor_n in_o tryphalia_n upon_o his_o arrival_n at_o heraea_n he_o order_v the_o booty_n to_o be_v divide_v and_o distribute_v to_o the_o soldier_n and_o after_o he_o have_v victual_v the_o army_n and_o supply_v himself_o with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a he_o depart_v from_o heraea_n be_v then_o midwinter_n and_o march_v towards_o megalopolis_n while_o success_n thus_o wait_v on_o the_o arm_n of_o king_n philip_n in_o tryphalia_n chilon_n the_o lacedaemonian_a conceive_v the_o right_n of_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n to_o be_v in_o he_o and_o not_o long_o able_a to_o suffer_v the_o injury_n that_o have_v be_v do_v he_o by_o the_o ephori_fw-la who_o in_o his_o wrong_n have_v prefer_v lycurgus_n to_o the_o royalty_n be_v determine_v to_o attempt_v something_o towards_o do_v himself_o justice_n wherefore_o be_v persuade_v he_o shall_v win_v much_o on_o the_o people_n if_o by_o the_o example_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o many_o other_o he_o give_v they_o hope_n of_o a_o new_a division_n of_o the_o land_n he_o by_o that_o mean_n meditate_a how_o to_o put_v his_o enterprise_n in_o effect_n after_o he_o have_v impart_v his_o purpose_n then_o to_o his_o friend_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o who_o engage_v in_o the_o conspiracy_n he_o resolve_v to_o lose_v no_o time_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o well_o know_v that_o lycurgus_n and_o the_o ephori_fw-la who_o have_v elect_v he_o be_v the_o main_a impediment_n he_o first_o attack_v they_o and_o surprise_v the_o ephori_fw-la as_o they_o sit_v at_o table_n kill_v they_o there_o thus_o do_v fortune_n bring_v those_o man_n to_o suffer_v what_o their_o practice_n have_v demerited_a for_o whether_o we_o consider_v either_o the_o actor_n or_o the_o action_n it_o can_v but_o be_v confess_v their_o end_n be_v just_a after_o they_o have_v dispatch_v the_o ephori_fw-la chilon_n hasten_v to_o the_o house_n of_o lycurgus_n but_o chance_v there_o to_o be_v disappoint_v he_o by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o servant_n be_v secret_o convey_v away_o make_v his_o escape_n to_o pellene_n by_o private_a way_n unknown_a to_o his_o enemy_n and_o now_o though_o chilon_n fail_v of_o effect_v the_o most_o important_a part_n of_o his_o enterprise_n and_o have_v but_o a_o indifferent_a prospect_n of_o success_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v under_o a_o necessity_n of_o prosecute_a what_o he_o have_v begin_v wherefore_o go_v into_o the_o marketplace_n he_o there_o attack_n and_z kills_z all_o he_o can_v find_v who_o he_o know_v to_o be_v his_o enemy_n great_o animate_v his_o friend_n and_o relation_n and_o give_v some_o hope_n to_o the_o multitude_n but_o behold_v at_o length_n when_o he_o have_v do_v all_o that_o few_o or_o none_o take_v part_n with_o he_o on_o the_o contrary_n find_v himself_o in_o danger_n he_o secret_o withdraw_v and_o depart_v take_v his_o way_n through_o the_o territory_n of_o laconia_n and_o so_o escape_v into_o achaia_n when_o he_o live_v as_o a_o banish_a man._n the_o lacedaemonian_n apprehend_v the_o approach_n of_o king_n philip_n secure_v their_o effect_n in_o the_o country_n slight_v athenaeum_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o and_o dismantle_v the_o work_n thus_o the_o people_n of_o sparta_n who_o have_v long_o live_v in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o so_o excellent_a a_o form_n of_o government_n from_o the_o time_n that_o lycurgus_n give_v they_o their_o law_n and_o who_o hold_v so_o great_a a_o share_n of_o power_n and_o reputation_n till_o the_o baâ—tel_n of_o leuctra_n sell_v at_o length_n when_o fortune_n have_v forsake_v they_o into_o deplorable_a calamity_n their_o reputation_n diminish_v every_o day_n intestine_a jar_n vex_v and_o torment_v they_o under_o colour_n of_o divide_v their_o land_n till_o be_v the_o end_n they_o be_v bring_v so_o low_a as_o to_o submit_v to_o the_o tyranny_n of_o nabis_n who_o heretofore_o can_v not_o brook_v to_o hear_v so_o much_o as_o the_o name_n of_o tyrant_n but_o enough_o have_v be_v say_v by_o other_o on_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o ancient_a lacedaemonian_n and_o their_o action_n and_o every_o body_n know_v what_o befall_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o cleomenes_n have_v subvert_v the_o establish_a law_n and_o form_n of_o their_o republic_n nor_o shall_v we_o omit_v to_o make_v further_a mention_n of_o they_o as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v give_v from_o megalopolis_n philip_n march_v his_o troop_n by_o the_o way_n of_o tegaea_n to_o argos_n where_o he_o pass_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o winter_n have_v acquire_v a_o reputation_n much_o great_a than_o his_o age_n promise_v through_o the_o many_o noble_a and_o early_a action_n he_o have_v already_o perform_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n apelles_n of_o who_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v have_v not_o so_o give_v over_o his_o project_n as_o to_o be_v without_o hope_n as_o be_v plain_o see_v of_o bring_v by_o degree_n the_o achaian_n neck_n to_o the_o yoke_n but_o he_o well_o know_v that_o aratus_n both_o father_n and_o son_n withstand_v his_o design_n and_o that_o the_o king_n hold_v they_o in_o singular_a esteem_n especial_o the_o father_n who_o have_v be_v in_o great_a reputation_n with_o antigonus_n and_o be_v know_v to_o be_v a_o very_a powerful_a man_n among_o the_o achaian_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o i_o say_v value_v he_o for_o his_o prudence_n and_o great_a ability_n wherefore_o apelles_n resolve_v to_o attack_v these_o two_o and_o by_o fraud_n and_o address_n do_v his_o best_a to_o ruin_v they_o with_o king_n philip._n pursuant_n to_o which_o he_o first_o careful_o inform_v himself_o of_o their_o enemy_n and_o all_o who_o among_o the_o achaian_n be_v of_o the_o opposite_a faction_n and_o be_v well_o instruct_v in_o their_o several_a interest_n and_o character_n he_o send_v for_o they_o to_o court_n and_o on_o their_o arrival_n employ_v all_o his_o art_n to_o win_v and_o engage_v they_o to_o his_o friendship_n act_v in_o their_o favour_n with_o the_o king_n who_o he_o labour_v to_o persuade_v that_o if_o he_o continue_v to_o treat_v the_o aratuse_n with_o so_o much_o deference_n he_o can_v never_o hope_v to_o gain_v any_o thing_n on_o the_o achaian_n further_a than_o what_o be_v stipulate_v by_o the_o article_n of_o the_o confederacy_n but_o if_o he_o shall_v please_v to_o countenance_n and_o encourage_v those_o he_o shall_v recommend_v he_o will_v soon_o compass_v whatever_o he_o desire_v and_o dispose_v of_o all_o matter_n in_o peloponnesus_n at_o his_o pleasure_n furthermore_o the_o time_n of_o election_n of_o their_o praetor_n draw_v nigh_o he_o resolve_v to_o do_v his_o best_a to_o confer_v that_o dignity_n on_o one_o of_o his_o own_o party_n and_o to_o diminish_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a the_o power_n of_o the_o aratuse_n administration_n as_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a proper_a for_o his_o use_n in_o the_o part_n he_o have_v to_o act_v whereupon_o he_o prevail_v with_o the_o king_n to_o go_v as_o it_o be_v in_o progress_n to_o aegium_n and_o to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o achaean_n assembly_n so_o philip_n follow_v his_o counsel_n and_o fail_v not_o to_o be_v there_o in_o due_a time_n where_o apelles_n by_o threat_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n and_o persuasion_n on_o the_o other_o compass_v with_o great_a difficulty_n the_o election_n of_o eperatus_n the_o pharian_a to_o the_o praetorship_n in_o preference_n to_o timoxenus_n who_o have_v be_v set_v up_o by_o aratus_n soon_o after_o the_o king_n depart_v from_o aegium_n march_v the_o army_n towards_o patroe_v and_o dymas_n and_o come_v to_o the_o fortress_n of_o tichos_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o dymaean_o and_o whereof_o as_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o observe_v euripidas_n have_v be_v long_o before_o possess_v the_o king_n then_o be_v very_o desirous_a to_o win_v back_o this_o castle_n and_o restore_v it_o to_o the_o dymaean_o encamp_v with_o the_o whole_a army_n by_o it_o whereupon_o the_o elean_a garrison_n within_o become_v so_o terrify_v that_o they_o quick_o deliver_v it_o up_o this_o place_n though_o but_o small_a be_v exceed_v strong_a it_o be_v not_o in_o circuit_n above_o a_o furlong_n but_o the_o wall_n be_v not_o less_o than_o five_o and_o fifty_o foot_n high_a so_o the_o king_n restore_v it_o to_o the_o dymaean_o and_o then_o lead_v his_o army_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o elean_n waste_v and_o plunder_v far_o and_o wide_a and_o after_o he_o have_v load_v the_o soldier_n with_o booty_n return_v back_o to_o dymas-apelles_n who_o begin_v now_o to_o think_v he_o have_v advance_v far_o in_o his_o enterprise_n have_v obtain_v a_o achaean_n praetor_n of_o his_o faction_n he_o renew_v his_o attempt_n on_o the_o aratuse_n be_v determine_v total_o to_o destroy_v their_o interest_n with_o the_o king_n he_o pursue_v they_o then_o with_o calumny_n
hard_a to_o determine_v which_o of_o those_o two_o be_v likely_a to_o give_v such_o advice_n albeit_o he_o have_v not_o be_v then_o present_a at_o council_n for_o it_o will_v be_v nowhere_o find_v in_o the_o whole_a life_n of_o aratus_n that_o he_o ever_o act_v any_o thing_n temerarious_o and_o without_o solid_a deliberation_n while_n on_o the_o contrary_a demetrius_n never_o do_v any_o thing_n but_o with_o precipitation_n and_o we_o shall_v show_v and_o plain_o evidence_n by_o their_o behaviour_n in_o the_o like_a occurrence_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o manner_n of_o these_o two_o man_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v give_v we_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o story_n philip_n take_v with_o he_o all_o that_o can_v convenient_o be_v carry_v march_v from_o therm_n by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v the_o booty_n he_o order_v to_o go_v in_o the_o van_n guard_v by_o his_o heavy-armed_a troop_n the_o rear_n guard_n be_v assign_v to_o the_o acarnanian_o and_o mercenary_a stranger_n be_v himself_o extreme_o solicitous_a to_o get_v his_o passage_n through_o the_o strait_n with_o what_o expedition_n he_o can_v thereby_o to_o prevent_v the_o aetolian_n who_o in_o confidence_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o those_o fastness_n be_v likely_a enough_o to_o attempt_v their_o rear_n in_o their_o march_n which_o in_o short_a come_v to_o pass_v for_o assemble_v to_o the_o number_n of_o about_o three_o thousand_o man_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o alexander_n the_o trichonian_n they_o let_v the_o van_n of_o the_o army_n march_v without_o approach_v conceal_v themselves_o while_o the_o macedonian_n keep_v the_o open_a field_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o rear_n begin_v to_o move_v they_o march_v into_o therm_n and_o fall_v on_o and_o charge_v they_o roundly_o insomuch_o that_o they_o put_v their_o reer-rank_n into_o great_a disorder_n which_o the_o aetolian_n perceive_v and_o favour_v by_o the_o advantage_n of_o ground_n press_v they_o so_o much_o the_o more_o kill_v many_o but_o philip_n in_o foresight_n of_o what_o may_v happen_v have_v order_v a_o detachment_n of_o illyrian_n and_o some_o of_o his_o best_a bucklerman_n to_o be_v lodge_v in_o ambush_n under_o colour_n of_o a_o rise_a ground_n who_o unexpected_o appear_v fall_v on_o the_o enemy_n who_o have_v now_o charge_v beyond_o they_o kill_v above_o a_o hundred_o of_o they_o and_o take_v as_o many_o prisoner_n the_o rest_n save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n among_o the_o rock_n and_o wood_n after_o this_o repulse_n those_o who_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n set_v fire_n to_o pamphion_n and_o have_v pass_v the_o straight_a join_v the_o macedonian_n again_o philip_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n encamp_v near_o metapa_n to_o attend_v their_o come_n up_o and_o the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o have_v order_v the_o place_n to_o be_v demolish_v he_o pursue_v his_o march_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v near_o a_o town_n call_v acras_fw-la from_o whence_o depart_v the_o next_o day_n he_o pillage_v the_o country_n all_o along_o as_o he_o go_v till_o he_o come_v to_o conope_n where_o he_o remain_v a_o day_n to_o refresh_v his_o army_n and_o then_o continue_v his_o march_v towards_o stratus_n along_o the_o river_n achelous_n where_o encamp_v out_o of_o shot_n of_o their_o work_n on_o a_o eminence_n that_o command_v the_o town_n he_o from_o thence_o vex_v and_o molest_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v strengthen_v the_o garrison_n with_o a_o recruit_v of_o three_o thousand_o aetolian_n and_o five_o hundred_o candiot_n and_o none_o dare_v to_o adventure_v out_o against_o he_o he_o decamp_v and_o march_v to_o limnoea_n purpose_v from_o thence_o to_o embark_v nevertheless_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n begin_v to_o move_v and_o be_v get_v some_o distance_n past_o the_o town_n a_o party_n of_o aetolian_a horse_n make_v a_o sally_n and_o charge_v they_o these_o be_v back_v by_o the_o candiot_n and_o more_o aetolian_n that_o come_v out_o to_o sustain_v they_o compel_v those_o in_o the_o rearguard_n to_o face_n about_o and_o make_v head_n at_o first_o it_o be_v a_o equal_a dispute_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o illyrian_n come_v in_o to_o back_o the_o mercenary_n the_o aetolian_n begin_v to_o give_v ground_n and_o the_o horse_n betake_v they_o to_o slight_v and_o be_v pursue_v to_o the_o very_a gate_n of_o the_o town_n and_o at_o least_o a_o hundred_o of_o they_o kill_v on_o the_o spot_n after_o this_o repulse_v those_o of_o the_o town_n adventure_v no_o more_o out_o and_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n marâ—â—ed_v without_o molestation_n come_v safe_a to_o the_o camp_n and_o to_o their_o vessel_n here_o king_n philip_n have_v commodious_o encamp_v the_o army_n sacrifice_v to_o the_o god_n and_o do_v other_o act_n of_o devotion_n for_o the_o good_a success_n of_o that_o expedition_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n give_v his_o officer_n a_o royal_a entertainment_n in_o short_a his_o attempt_n be_v look_v on_o by_o all_o man_n to_o have_v be_v very_o dare_v to_o adventure_v as_o he_o do_v among_o those_o dangerous_a and_o untraveled_a place_n which_o no_o army_n have_v ever_o do_v before_o nevertheless_o he_o succeed_v in_o his_o enterprise_n march_v and_o return_v in_o safety_n after_o he_o have_v thorough_o execute_v what_o he_o have_v design_v wherefore_o to_o express_v his_o joy_n he_o make_v a_o solemn_a feast_n for_o his_o officer_n where_o megaleas_n and_o leontius_n who_o have_v be_v much_o disappoint_v and_o look_v with_o a_o evil_a eye_n on_o the_o good_a fortune_n of_o their_o master_n have_v as_o we_o have_v hear_v complot_v with_o apelles_n to_o give_v he_o all_o the_o impediment_n they_o shall_v be_v able_a but_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n prevent_v the_o good_a fortune_n which_o attend_v his_o arm_n be_v however_o present_a though_o their_o behaviour_n there_o express_v so_o much_o distaste_n that_o it_o be_v not_o unobserved_a by_o the_o king_n and_o those_o about_o he_o who_o thereby_o collect_v that_o they_o have_v different_a sentiment_n from_o the_o rest_n touch_v the_o prosperity_n of_o his_o affair_n and_o now_o when_o all_o be_v well_o warm_v with_o wine_n megaleas_n and_o leontius_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v as_o other_o do_v come_v at_o length_n more_o open_o to_o manifest_v their_o mind_n for_o be_v now_o drink_v they_o go_v from_o place_n to_o place_n in_o search_n of_o aratus_n and_o meet_v he_o as_o he_o be_v return_v from_o the_o feast_n they_o first_o attack_v he_o with_o rude_a language_n and_o afterward_o come_v to_o offer_v violence_n whereupon_o a_o tumult_n arise_v and_o the_o soldier_n come_v about_o they_o from_o all_o quarter_n insomuch_o as_o the_o whole_a camp_n be_v in_o disorder_n the_o king_n upon_o notice_n hereof_o immediate_o send_v to_o appease_v the_o tumult_n and_o to_o have_v a_o account_n how_o it_o happen_v where_o after_o aratus_n have_v report_v to_o he_o how_o every_o thing_n have_v pass_v and_o have_v vouch_v it_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o such_o as_o be_v present_a he_o retire_v to_o his_o tent._n leontius_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n conceal_v himself_o in_o the_o crowd_n private_o withdraw_v the_o king_n be_v now_o full_o inform_v of_o every_o thing_n command_v megaleas_n and_o crinon_n to_o be_v bring_v before_o he_o who_o he_o very_o severe_o reprove_v but_o they_o be_v not_o only_o not_o humble_v and_o make_v sensible_a of_o their_o fault_n but_o add_v insolence_n to_o their_o error_n plain_o tell_v the_o king_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o change_v their_o mind_n till_o they_o have_v be_v thorough_o revenge_v on_o aratus_n whereupon_o the_o king_n great_o move_v at_o this_o their_o behaviour_n immediate_o condemn_v they_o in_o a_o fine_a of_o twenty_o talent_n each_o and_o put_v they_o under_o a_o arrest_n and_o send_v the_o next_o day_n for_o aratus_n express_v his_o sense_n of_o the_o violence_n which_o have_v be_v offer_v he_o give_v he_o assurance_n of_o his_o protection_n and_o that_o he_o will_v take_v due_a care_n to_o do_v he_o right_o leontius_n be_v inform_v how_o the_o king_n have_v proceed_v with_o megaleas_n come_v bold_o to_o he_o accompany_v with_o a_o party_n of_o his_o bucklerman_n think_v thereby_o to_o put_v he_o into_o some_o apprehension_n he_o be_v yet_o but_o young_a and_o to_o awe_v he_o into_o another_o resolution_n touch_v the_o offender_n wherefore_o he_o bold_o demand_v of_o he_o who_o it_o be_v that_o have_v presume_v to_o lay_v hand_n on_o megaleas_n and_o cast_v he_o into_o prison_n but_o when_o the_o king_n firm_o reply_v and_o with_o a_o assurance_n worthy_a of_o himself_o that_o whatsoever_o have_v be_v do_v be_v by_o his_o express_a command_n leontius_n be_v confound_v and_o betwixt_o grief_n and_o indignation_n retire_v from_o his_o presence_n here_o philip_n embark_v and_o arrive_v
reply_v with_o indignation_n that_o he_o hold_v no_o intercourse_n with_o rebel_n but_o alexis_n bold_o affirm_v the_o contrary_a demand_v leave_v to_o search_v and_o entere_v by_o force_n into_o his_o lodging_n he_o find_v the_o letter_n with_o which_o pretext_n he_o immediate_o kill_v epigenes_n on_o the_o place_n the_o king_n be_v persuade_v to_o think_v he_o guilty_a and_o though_o the_o principal_a man_n about_o he_o be_v awe_v into_o silence_n and_o do_v not_o dare_v to_o move_v therein_o nevertheless_o the_o action_n give_v they_o great_a jealousy_n and_o offence_n upon_o the_o army_n arrival_n at_o euphrates_n antiochus_n join_v the_o troop_n that_o he_o find_v there_o and_o pursue_v his_o march_n and_o come_v near_o antioch_n in_o mygdonia_n winter_n be_v now_o at_o hand_n he_o there_o remain_v till_o the_o cold_n be_v over_o and_o in_o forty_o day_n after_o arrive_v at_o liba_n here_o he_o fall_v to_o deliberate_v with_o his_o officer_n what_o course_n be_v best_a to_o take_v to_o find_v out_o molon_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v they_o shall_v sustain_v the_o army_n in_o their_o march_n for_o molon_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o all_o the_o country_n about_o babylon_n hermias_n propose_v to_o keep_v along_o the_o river_n tigris_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o that_o river_n and_o two_o other_o lycus_n and_o kâ—pros_n to_o cover_v and_o defend_v their_o camp_n but_o zeux_n though_o he_o want_v assurance_n to_o deliver_v his_o mind_n as_o he_o ought_v have_v the_o fate_n of_o epigenes_n before_o his_o eye_n nevertheless_o such_o be_v the_o weakness_n and_o danger_n of_o hermias_n advice_n that_o with_o some_o difficulty_n he_o reply_v that_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o their_o pass_v the_o tigris_n and_o make_v appear_v the_o great_a impediment_n they_o shall_v meet_v with_o in_o hold_v their_o march_n along_o the_o river_n he_o principal_o urge_v that_o after_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a journey_n and_o a_o march_n of_o six_o day_n through_o a_o continue_a desert_n they_o will_v come_v to_o a_o place_n call_v the_o king_n ditch_n which_o place_n if_o it_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n will_v entire_o bar_v their_o further_a progress_n which_o may_v be_v the_o mean_n of_o expose_v the_o army_n to_o great_a danger_n by_o their_o be_v compel_v to_o return_v by_o the_o desert_n where_o which_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v consider_v they_o shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o want_v every_o needful_a thing_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o make_v appear_v that_o in_o case_n they_o pass_v the_o tigris_n it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o those_o of_o the_o country_n of_o apollonia_n will_v see_v their_o error_n and_o return_v to_o their_o duty_n who_o it_o be_v plain_a be_v compel_v and_o not_o out_o of_o goodwill_n but_o out_o of_o fear_n and_o necessity_n have_v take_v part_n with_o molon_n furthermore_o be_v to_o march_v through_o a_o plentiful_a country_n there_o will_v be_v no_o danger_n of_o be_v drive_v to_o strait_n for_o any_o thing_n and_o what_o be_v of_o further_a importance_n when_o molon_n shall_v see_v his_o passage_n â—ack_o into_o media_n shut_v up_o and_o behold_v himself_o 〈◊〉_d strait_n for_o provision_n he_o will_v be_v constrain_v either_o to_o come_v to_o the_o issue_n of_o a_o battle_n 〈◊〉_d in_o case_n of_o refusal_n will_v hazard_v the_o desertion_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o the_o king_n this_o advice_n of_o zeux_n be_v approve_v pursuant_n to_o which_o the_o army_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o body_n they_o pass_v over_o the_o troop_n with_o their_o baggage_n in_o three_o several_a place_n so_o they_o prosecute_v their_o march_n towards_o dura_n which_o be_v at_o that_o time_n streighten_v by_o one_o of_o molon_n officer_n who_o on_o their_o approach_n leave_v the_o siege_n then_o continue_v their_o march_n without_o halt_v they_o pass_v by_o oricum_n in_o eight_o day_n and_o come_v to_o apollonia_n and_o now_o molon_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o king_n arrival_n and_o not_o be_v very_o well_o assure_v of_o the_o goodwill_n of_o the_o susian_o and_o babylonian_n who_o he_o have_v but_o late_o reduce_v and_o who_o be_v surprise_v into_o submission_n and_o further_o fear_v the_o enemy_n design_n of_o block_v up_o his_o passage_n back_o into_o media_n he_o resolve_v to_o lay_v a_o bridge_n over_o the_o tigris_n and_o pass_v his_o army_n determine_v to_o gain_v the_o mountain_n of_o apollonia_n before_o antiochus_n shall_v arrive_v for_o he_o rely_v much_o on_o his_o slinger_n which_o they_o call_v cyrthii_n whereupon_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o have_v be_v resolve_v he_o march_v the_o army_n away_o with_o great_a diligence_n but_o the_o king_n chance_v to_o move_v with_o all_o his_o troop_n about_o the_o same_o time_n from_o apollonia_n that_o molon_n army_n approach_v the_o mountain_n certain_a advance_v party_n of_o choice_a man_n of_o either_o army_n happen_v to_o meet_v on_o the_o hill_n these_o have_v some_o dispute_n and_o pickeer_v for_o a_o while_n but_o on_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n they_o retire_v and_o the_o two_o army_n encamp_v about_o five_o mile_n asunder_o but_o molon_n during_o the_o night_n make_v reflection_n how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v for_o man_n in_o rebellion_n to_o march_v against_o their_o prince_n in_o broad-day_n and_o give_v he_o battle_n wherefore_o he_o become_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o much_o safe_a course_n will_v be_v to_o fall_v on_o antiochus_n by_o night_n which_o be_v according_o resolve_v so_o detach_n a_o body_n of_o select_a troop_n he_o lead_v they_o by_o secret_a way_n towards_o the_o mountain_n and_o from_o thence_o determine_v to_o fall_v on_o the_o enemy_n camp_n from_o high_a ground_n but_o while_o he_o be_v on_o his_o march_n he_o be_v give_v to_o understand_v that_o ten_o of_o his_o people_n have_v desert_v and_o steal_v away_o to_o the_o king_n whereupon_o he_o desist_v and_o return_v back_o by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v but_o come_v to_o the_o camp_n about_o break_v of_o day_n he_o fill_v the_o whole_a army_n with_o fear_n and_o tumult_n for_o be_v surprise_v and_o awaken_v with_o the_o noise_n the_o terror_n grow_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o they_o have_v like_a to_o have_v abandon_v their_o work_n but_o by_o molon_n care_n and_o diligence_n all_o be_v appease_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o king_n who_o be_v prepare_v to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n order_v his_o troop_n to_o march_v out_o by_o break_v of_o day_n on_o the_o right_n of_o the_o battle_n he_o range_v the_o lancier_n under_o the_o lead_v of_o ardyes_n of_o who_o conduct_n in_o war_n he_o have_v receive_v sufficient_a proof_n after_o these_o he_o post_v the_o candiot_n who_o have_v be_v send_v pursuant_n to_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n these_o be_v join_v by_o the_o galatian_n and_o tectosages_n and_o next_o these_o he_o place_v the_o mercenary_a stranger_n who_o be_v bring_v from_o greece_n the_o king_n himself_o be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o strong_a battalion_n where_o the_o cohort_n be_v dispose_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n on_o the_o leave_v he_o post_v the_o horse_n that_o be_v call_v the_o troop_n of_o the_o king_n ally_n order_v his_o elephant_n by_o ten_o with_o interval_n between_o they_o a_o little_a advance_v before_o the_o battle_n on_o the_o wing_n be_v post_v the_o auxiliary_a troop_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n who_o have_v order_n to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n in_o flank_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o battle_n shall_v begin_v then_o the_o king_n go_v from_o rank_n to_o rank_n speak_v to_o the_o soldier_n and_o in_o few_o word_n as_o the_o time_n and_o occasion_n permit_v animate_v they_o to_o their_o duty_n he_o give_v the_o lead_n of_o the_o left-wing_n to_o hermias_n and_o zeux_n remain_v himself_o in_o the_o right_n molon_n also_o march_v out_o his_o army_n and_o range_v they_o with_o difficulty_n enough_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o last_o night_n disorder_n nevertheless_o he_o form_v his_o troop_n according_a to_o the_o measure_v the_o other_o army_n have_v take_v and_o place_v his_o bucklerman_n galatian_n and_o heavy-armed_a soldier_n in_o the_o centre_n he_o distribute_v his_o archer_n slinger_n and_o all_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n without_o the_o horse_n on_o the_o right_n and_o left_a post_v his_o chariot_n arm_v with_o scythe_n advance_v before_o the_o line_n of_o battle_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o the_o leave_v to_o neolaus_n his_o brother_n reserve_v the_o right_n to_o himself_o be_v thus_o draw_v up_o the_o battle_n begin_v and_o in_o a_o word_n the_o right_a of_o molon_n army_n preserve_v their_o fidelity_n to_o the_o last_o engage_v zeux_n with_o great_a resolution_n but_o the_o leave_v no_o soon_o advance_v near_o the_o king_n when_o they_o desert_v and_o go_v over_o to_o he_o which_o accident_n as_o
at_o the_o same_o time_n stone_v to_o death_n by_o the_o woman_n of_o apamea_n upon_o antiochus_n return_n home_o he_o dispose_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n and_o send_v to_o expostulate_v with_o achoeus_n about_o his_o invade_v the_o crown_n and_o presume_v to_o call_v himself_o king_n afterward_o he_o let_v he_o understand_v that_o the_o league_n he_o have_v make_v with_o ptolemy_n be_v come_v to_o his_o knowledge_n and_o charge_v he_o with_o many_o other_o act_v contrary_a to_o justice_n and_o in_o violation_n of_o his_o duty_n it_o seem_v that_o at_o what_o time_n the_o war_n be_v undertake_v against_o artabazanes_n achoeus_n imagine_v the_o king_n may_v miscarry_v in_o that_o expedition_n and_o though_o that_o shall_v not_o happen_v yet_o the_o king_n be_v thereby_o draw_v so_o far_o out_o of_o the_o way_n will_v give_v he_o a_o safe_a opportunity_n to_o fall_v on_o syria_n and_o seize_v on_o that_o kingdom_n for_o himself_o aid_v therein_o by_o the_o cyrrhestoe_fw-mi who_o at_o that_o time_n have_v withdraw_v their_o obedience_n from_o the_o king_n wherefore_o with_o this_o determination_n he_o march_v his_o army_n out_o of_o lydia_n furthermore_o he_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v crown_v at_o laodicea_n of_o phrygia_n receive_v and_o give_v audience_n to_o ambassador_n and_o in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o city_n he_o assume_v the_o regal_a title_n flatter_v principal_o into_o this_o attempt_n by_o the_o instigation_n of_o a_o certain_a exile_n call_v syniris_n but_o after_o some_o day_n march_v and_o that_o they_o now_o approach_v lycaonia_n there_o happen_v a_o mutiny_n in_o his_o army_n the_o soldiers_z refuse_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v lead_v against_o he_o who_o nature_n have_v destine_v for_o their_o king_n whereupon_o achoeus_n perceive_v the_o army_n to_o have_v change_v their_o mind_n change_v also_o his_o purpose_n and_o to_o persuade_v they_o that_o he_o never_o design_v to_o invade_v syria_n he_o take_v another_o way_n and_o march_v and_o plunder_v pisidia_n after_o which_o expedition_n have_v enrich_v the_o soldier_n with_o booty_n and_o confirm_v their_o affection_n he_o return_v home_o the_o king_n then_o who_o be_v well_o inform_v of_o all_o these_o passage_n have_v as_o be_v note_v let_v achoeus_n know_v so_o much_o by_o menace_a message_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n prepare_v for_o the_o war_n against_o ptolemy_n to_o which_o purpose_n early_o in_o the_o spring_n he_o assemble_v his_o troop_n at_o apamea_n and_o call_v a_o council_n to_o deliberate_v on_o the_o best_a way_n to_o make_v his_o entrance_n for_o the_o invade_v of_o syria_n on_o which_o subject_n be_v long_a debate_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n situation_n of_o place_n of_o the_o provision_n to_o make_v and_o of_o what_o benefit_n a_o fleet_n will_v be_v towards_o the_o furtherance_n of_o the_o enterprise_n but_o the_o advice_n of_o apollophanes_n the_o seleucian_n the_o physician_n we_o have_v already_o have_v occasion_n to_o name_n prevail_v above_o the_o rest_n who_o maintain_v that_o the_o design_n on_o caelo-syria_n be_v vain_a and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o unprofitable_a expedition_n to_o make_v war_n there_o while_o they_o leave_v ptolemy_n in_o quiet_a possession_n of_o seleucia_n a_o royal_a city_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o not_o to_o mention_v the_o dishonour_n to_o have_v that_o city_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o egyptian_a king_n the_o recovery_n thereof_o will_v redound_v great_o to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n affair_n in_o many_o point_n that_o in_o the_o interim_n while_o it_o remain_v in_o the_o enemy_n hand_n it_o will_v be_v a_o mighty_a impediment_n to_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o king_n success_n in_o the_o enterprise_n he_o be_v upon_o for_o which_o way_n soever_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o carry_v the_o war_n he_o will_v find_v it_o necessary_a over_o and_o above_o all_o other_o preparation_n to_o strengthen_v all_o his_o town_n with_o extraordinary_a garrison_n mere_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o danger_n that_o will_v threaten_v from_o seleucia_n but_o that_o if_o antiochus_n make_v the_o recovery_n of_o that_o place_n his_o first_o business_n it_o will_v not_o only_o serve_v as_o a_o bulwark_n and_o frontier_n against_o all_o the_o other_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o will_v main_o enable_v he_o to_o prosecute_v his_o enterprise_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o opinion_n of_o apollophanes_n then_o be_v by_o common_a consent_n approve_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v to_o open_v the_o campaign_n with_o the_o siege_n of_o seleucia_n the_o king_n of_o egypt_n have_v hold_v constant_a garrison_n in_o this_o town_n ever_o since_o ptolemy_n call_v euergetes_n offend_v with_o seleucus_n for_o the_o death_n of_o berenice_n become_v master_n thereof_o who_o on_o that_o provocation_n have_v invade_v syria_n when_o it_o be_v resolve_v then_o that_o apollophanes_n counsel_n shall_v be_v follow_v antiochus_n order_v diognetus_n his_o admiral_n to_o sail_v with_o the_o fleet_n to_o seleucia_n while_o himself_o march_v with_o the_o army_n from_o apamea_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v near_o circus_n theodotus_n be_v likewise_o send_v with_o a_o sufficient_a body_n of_o troop_n into_o the_o low_a syria_n with_o order_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o strait_n and_o to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o all_o motion_n in_o those_o part_n as_o to_o the_o situation_n of_o seleucia_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o take_v it_o a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o as_o follow_v seleucia_n stand_v on_o the_o sea-coast_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o cilicia_n and_o phoenicia_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n call_v coryphoeus_n one_o side_n of_o which_o mountain_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v wash_v by_o the_o sea_n between_o cyprus_n and_o phoenicia_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o east_n regard_v the_o territory_n of_o seleucia_n and_o antioch_n seleucia_n stand_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o this_o mountain_n between_o which_o and_o the_o city_n be_v a_o deep_a vale_n waste_n and_o full_a of_o break_a ground_n which_o extend_v to_o the_o sea_n enclose_v almost_o on_o all_o side_n with_o rock_n and_o precipice_n on_o that_o side_n of_o the_o city_n towards_o the_o sea_n the_o ground_n be_v low_a and_o watery_a where_o there_o be_v a_o suburb_n fortify_v with_o a_o good_a wall_n like_o that_o of_o the_o city_n itself_o seleucia_n surpass_v all_o the_o city_n of_o syria_n in_o the_o magnificence_n of_o her_o temple_n and_o other_o building_n it_o have_v but_o one_o communication_n with_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v a_o passage_n wrought_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n in_o manner_n of_o stair_n not_o far_o off_o be_v see_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n orontes_n who_o head_n be_v in_o the_o country_n about_o libanus_n and_o anti-libanus_n take_v its_o course_n through_o the_o plain_a of_o amycoe_n and_o run_v to_o antioch_n divide_v that_o city_n as_o it_o be_v into_o two_o which_o it_o cleanse_v of_o all_o their_o filth_n and_o rubbish_n and_o at_o length_n discharge_v itself_o not_o far_o from_o seleucia_n into_o the_o sea_n we_o mention_v now_o before_o antiochus_n will_v proceed_v with_o hostility_n against_o seleucia_n he_o first_o send_v offer_v of_o reward_n to_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o promise_v of_o further_a future_a advantage_n to_o win_v they_o to_o yield_v it_o up_o without_o strife_n or_o resistance_n but_o find_v he_o labour_v that_o way_n in_o vain_a he_o corrupt_v several_a of_o their_o military_a officer_n who_o have_v post_n distinct_a and_o command_v in_o sundry_a quarter_n of_o the_o city_n and_o in_o confidence_n of_o their_o compliance_n draw_v out_o and_o order_v his_o troop_n as_o for_o a_o attack_z to_o the_o seaward_o the_o marine_a force_n be_v appoint_v towards_o the_o land_n those_o of_o the_o camp_n be_v order_v to_o make_v the_o assault_n so_o make_v three_o division_n of_o his_o army_n and_o animate_v the_o soldier_n according_a to_o custom_n and_o proclaim_v by_o a_o herald_n promise_v of_o extraordinary_a recompense_n as_o crown_n and_o such_o like_a reward_n to_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n who_o shall_v best_o behave_v themselves_o he_o give_v to_o xeux_n and_o those_o under_o he_o the_o attack_z of_o the_o gate_n that_o lead_v to_o antioch_n to_o hermogenes_n that_o of_o those_o part_n that_o be_v near_a the_o temple_n of_o castor_n and_o pollux_n and_o to_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n the_o ars'nal_a and_o suburb_n for_o it_o be_v agree_v with_o the_o conspirator_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o suburb_n shall_v be_v win_v the_o town_n shall_v be_v surrender_v and_o now_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v the_o attack_z begin_v in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o and_o be_v press_v with_o great_a forwardness_n and_o bravery_n but_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n signalise_v themselves_o above_o the_o rest_n both_o in_o resolution_n and_o address_n though_o indeed_o
refer_v to_o the_o accord_n make_v by_o the_o several_a prince_n at_o what_o time_n antigonus_n be_v defeat_v and_o vanquish_v cassander_n lysimachus_n and_o seleucus_n meet_v in_o a_o general_n assembly_n to_o deliberate_v on_o that_o subject_a when_o the_o entire_a kingdom_n of_o syria_n be_v adjudge_v to_o seleucus_n those_o who_o be_v present_a on_o the_o part_n of_o ptolemy_n labour_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a and_o to_o show_v the_o weakness_n of_o antiochus_n pretension_n and_o further_o to_o exaggerate_v the_o injury_n remonstrate_v the_o indignity_n of_o break_v the_o peace_n by_o the_o treachery_n of_o theodotus_n and_o the_o expedition_n of_o antiochus_n that_o ptolemy_n the_o son_n of_o lagus_n enter_v on_o the_o war_n for_o the_o acquisition_n of_o syria_n that_o he_o join_v his_o arm_n with_o seleucus_n conditional_o that_o as_o the_o dominion_n of_o asia_n shall_v be_v he_o so_o the_o low_a syria_n and_o phoenicia_n shall_v fall_v to_o ptolomy_n share_n the_o several_a ambassador_n urge_v these_o and_o the_o like_a reason_n in_o the_o conference_n that_o be_v hold_v but_o no_o fruit_n come_v of_o their_o debate_n through_o want_n of_o one_o common_a mediator_n for_o while_o matter_n be_v canvas_v by_o people_n equal_o interest_v and_o partial_a to_o their_o own_o side_n without_o any_o one_o to_o moderate_v the_o heat_n that_o can_v not_o but_o grow_v between_o they_o what_o success_n can_v be_v hope_v the_o affair_n of_o achoeus_n be_v likewise_o a_o great_a clog_n to_o the_o negotiation_n for_o ptolemy_n urge_v to_o have_v he_o comprise_v in_o the_o treaty_n but_o antiochus_n can_v not_o brook_v so_o much_o as_o to_o hear_v he_o name_v exclaim_v how_o scandalous_a it_o be_v that_o ptolemy_n shall_v entertain_v so_o much_o as_o a_o thought_n of_o give_v protection_n to_o one_o in_o rebellion_n against_o his_o prince_n thus_o while_o these_o two_o prince_n build_v on_o the_o equity_n of_o their_o allegation_n the_o treaty_n be_v defeat_v and_o early_o in_o the_o spring_n antiochus_n assemble_v his_o troop_n with_o intention_n to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o to_o prosecute_v his_o conquest_n of_o what_o remain_v to_o be_v reduce_v of_o caelo-syria_n ptolemy_n on_o the_o other_o part_n commit_v his_o affair_n in_o those_o part_n to_o the_o conduct_n of_o nicolaus_n furnish_v gaza_n plentiful_o with_o every_o needful_a thing_n for_o its_o defence_n move_v also_o with_o his_o sea_n and_o land_n force_n on_o their_o arrival_n nicholaus_fw-la prepare_v with_o determination_n to_o abide_v the_o war_n and_o be_v ready_o supply_v in_o all_o his_o demand_n by_o perigenes_n to_o who_o ptolemy_n have_v give_v the_o command_n of_o the_o fleet_n and_o naval_a army_n which_o consist_v of_o thirty_o vessel_n of_o war_n and_o four_o hundred_o of_o burden_n nicholaus_fw-la be_v a_o aetolian_a by_o nation_n very_o brave_a and_o in_o the_o trade_n of_o war_n superior_a in_o knowledge_n to_o most_o who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v in_o the_o service_n of_o ptolemy_n his_o first_o care_n be_v with_o part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o possess_v the_o strait_n near_o platano_n post_v himself_o with_o the_o other_o part_n of_o his_o army_n in_o the_o place_n near_o porphyreon_n to_o prevent_v any_o attempt_n of_o antiochus_n on_o that_o side_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n the_o fleet_n remain_v at_o anchor_n not_o far_o off_o on_o antiochus_n arrival_n at_o marathum_n the_o arcadian_n apply_v to_o he_o with_o tender_v of_o friendship_n and_o alliance_n who_o he_o do_v not_o only_o kind_o receive_v but_o interpose_v his_o mediation_n between_o the_o islander_n and_o those_o of_o the_o continent_n compose_v the_o difference_n that_o have_v happen_v between_o they_o and_o establish_v friendship_n among_o they_o then_o march_v into_o syria_n by_o that_o passage_n which_o be_v call_v thoûprosopon_n he_o come_v to_o berytus_n take_v botris_fw-la in_o his_o march_n and_o burn_v trieres_n and_o calamus_fw-la from_o thence_o he_o dispatch_v theodotus_n and_o nicarchus_n with_o order_n to_o possess_v the_o strait_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o river_n lycus_n to_o be_v beforehand_o with_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n himself_o keep_v on_o his_o march_n with_o the_o army_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v by_o the_o river_n damura_n diognetus_n with_o the_o fleet_n keep_v always_o near_o he_o from_o thence_o take_v with_o he_o nicarchus_n and_o theodotus_n with_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n he_o go_v to_o view_v the_o strait_n where_o nicholaus_fw-la be_v post_v and_o after_o he_o have_v make_v remark_n to_o his_o mind_n he_o return_v back_o to_o the_o camp_n the_o next_o day_n leave_v nicarchus_n with_o the_o command_n of_o his_o heavy-armed_a troop_n behind_o he_o march_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v project_v now_o in_o regard_n mount_n libanus_n streighten_v and_o contract_v the_o passage_n by_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o the_o space_n be_v bound_v by_o a_o valley_n waste_n and_o inaccessible_a it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o way_n between_o that_o and_o the_o sea_n be_v very_o narrow_a and_o difficult_a here_o it_o be_v where_o nicolaus_n have_v post_v himself_o where_o by_o place_v good_a guard_n in_o some_o place_n and_o fortify_v other_o with_o work_n he_o think_v he_o shall_v be_v able_a without_o much_o difficulty_n to_o withstand_v antiochus_n passage_n the_o king_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n dispose_v his_o army_n into_o three_o division_n to_o theodotus_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o one_o with_o order_n to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n that_o be_v post_v along_o the_o mountain_n another_o division_n he_o give_v to_o menedemus_n who_o be_v express_o direct_v to_o attempt_v the_o passage_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o vale_n the_o three_o he_o appoint_v for_o a_o reserve_n with_o respect_n to_o what_o may_v happen_v in_o the_o naval_a conflict_n these_o be_v lead_v by_o diocles_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o country_n of_o parapotamia_n near_o the_o euphrates_n antiochus_n himself_o make_v choice_n of_o such_o a_o place_n attend_v only_o by_o his_o guard_n where_o he_o may_v stand_v and_o have_v a_o fair_a view_n of_o all_o that_o pass_v on_o every_o side_n whereby_o be_v a_o spectator_n of_o each_o man_n behaviour_n he_o be_v enable_v to_o judge_v where_o to_o supply_v succour_n in_o case_n of_o need._n and_o now_o diognetus_n and_o perigenes_n draw_v their_o fleet_n into_o a_o line_n of_o battle_n draw_v as_o near_o the_o shore_n as_o they_o can_v insomuch_o as_o the_o whole_a action_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n become_v one_o single_a prospect_n when_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v they_o advance_v to_o the_o attack_z on_o all_o side_n the_o fight_n at_o sea_n continue_v for_o some_o time_n doubtful_a their_o force_n be_v in_o every_o thing_n equal_a and_o notwithstanding_o nicolaus_n seem_v a_o while_n to_o have_v the_o better_a have_v the_o advantage_n of_o ground_n yet_o upon_o theodotus_n force_v the_o enemy_n from_o their_o post_n on_o the_o mountain_n and_o from_o thence_o fall_v on_o the_o rest_n nicolaus_n be_v compel_v to_o give_v ground_n and_o betake_v he_o to_o flight_n about_o two_o thousand_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o pursuit_n and_o no_o few_o take_v prisoner_n the_o rest_n get_v into_o sidon_n perigenes_n likewise_o who_o once_o think_v he_o have_v the_o better_a in_o the_o naval_a dispute_n terrify_v to_o behold_v his_o friend_n beat_v ashore_o leave_v the_o enemy_n a_o stern_a and_o fly_v secure_v himself_o in_o the_o same_o place_n antiochus_n present_o thereupon_o lead_v his_o army_n to_o sidon_n and_o encamp_v before_o the_o town_n but_o he_o think_v it_o not_o advisable_v to_o attack_v it_o for_o as_o it_o be_v very_o well_o supply_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n of_o war_n so_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v numerous_a and_o their_o strength_n reinforce_v by_o those_o who_o have_v flee_v thither_o after_o the_o battle_n from_o thence_o then_o he_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o philoteria_n order_v diognetus_n his_o admiral_n to_o make_v sail_n with_o the_o fleet_n to_o tyre_n philoteria_n stand_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o a_o great_a moor_n through_o which_o run_v the_o river_n jordan_n which_o from_o thence_o pursue_v its_o course_n through_o the_o plain_n of_o scythopolis_n antiochus_n become_v master_n of_o the_o two_o forementioned_a place_n grow_v into_o great_a assurance_n of_o succeed_v in_o his_o erterprise_n in_o regard_n the_o territory_n subject_n to_o those_o town_n produce_v sufficient_a of_o all_o thing_n to_o sustain_v his_o army_n and_o yield_v over_o and_o above_o enough_o of_o every_o thing_n he_o may_v need_v to_o prosecute_v his_o design_n wherefore_o after_o he_o have_v strengthen_v they_o with_o good_a garrison_n he_o take_v his_o march_n over_o the_o mountain_n and_o come_v to_o atabyrium_n this_o town_n stand_v on_o a_o rise_a