the_o place_n be_v by_o so_o much_o the_o strong_a and_o consequent_o better_a because_o gain_n more_o sideâ—_n vi_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o bastion_n must_v never_o be_v greateâ—_n than_o 100_o degree_n nor_o less_o than_o 60_o for_o be_v big_a the_o face_n can_v be_v defend_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v and_o be_v less_o it_o be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v the_o injury_n of_o the_o wether_n or_o the_o effort_n of_o the_o mine_n and_o cannon_n see_v chap._n 1._o sect._n 4._o of_o book_n iu._n vii_o the_o great_a angle_n be_v best_a to_o fortify_v viii_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o curtain_n ought_v never_o to_o be_v less_o than_o 90_o degree_n nor_o great_a than_o 110_o because_o if_o it_o be_v large_a it_o be_v too_o much_o subject_n to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n see_v chap._n 1._o sect._n 5._o of_o book_n iu._n ix_o the_o great_a demi-gorges_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o small_a one_o as_o well_o because_o there_o be_v more_o space_n to_o retrench_v in_o as_o because_o one_o may_v make_v retire_v flank_n which_o add_v very_o much_o to_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n x._o great_a flank_n be_v best_a xi_o the_o face_n ought_v to_o be_v never_o less_o than_o the_o half_a of_o the_o curtain_n if_o it_o be_v not_o in_o a_o irregular_a fortificationâ—_n xii_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n ought_v to_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o small_a shot_n of_o the_o opposite_a flank_n xiii_o the_o short_a face_n be_v best_a because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o be_v attack_v as_o when_o they_o come_v ouâ—_n a_o great_a way_n in_o the_o country_n see_v chap._n â—_o of_o book_n iu._n fourteen_o the_o curtain_n ought_v never_o to_o be_v short_a than_o 60_o fathom_n which_o be_v 360_o foot_n english_a nor_o long_o than_o 100_o if_o it_o be_v not_o in_o a_o irregular_a fortification_n xv._n the_o line_n of_o defence_n must_v not_o be_v of_o great_a length_n than_o 120_o or_o 125_o fathom_n because_o a_o musket_n can_v carry_v no_o far_o to_o do_v execution_n holdman_n go_v contrary_a to_o this_o axiom_n when_o he_o say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v 150_o fathom_n and_o likewise_o george_n pascha_fw-la who_o believe_v it_o may_v be_v 136_o fathom_n long_o xvi_o the_o taluâ—_n or_o level_n aught_o by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v force_v or_o streighten_v but_o oâ—ght_n to_o have_v sloap_n enough_o that_o the_o ground_n or_o earth_n may_v settle_v of_o itself_o xvii_o large_a and_o deep_a trench_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o those_o that_o be_v narrow_a and_o hollow_a or_o large_a and_o less_o deep_a because_o the_o enemy_n will_v find_v more_o difficulty_n to_o get_v over_o the_o first_o sort_n see_v chap._n 10._o of_o book_n i._n xviii_o dry_a trench_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v before_o those_o that_o be_v full_a of_o water_n especial_o in_o great_a place_n where_o sally_n retreat_n and_o succour_n be_v necessary_a xix_o trench_n full_a of_o water_n that_o can_v easy_o be_v drain_v aught_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o those_o that_o be_v dry_a in_o small_a fortress_n where_o sally_n retreat_n and_o succour_n be_v not_o so_o necessary_a xx._n the_o outwork_n ought_v always_o to_o be_v low_a than_o the_o body_n of_o the_o place_n and_o those_o that_o be_v at_o the_o great_a distance_n ought_v to_o be_v the_o low_a chap._n ii_o of_o the_o situation_n of_o place_n as_o it_o be_v very_o rare_o permit_v to_o make_v choice_n of_o that_o space_n of_o ground_n which_o be_v to_o be_v fortify_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o place_n be_v almost_o always_o determine_v whether_o we_o design_v to_o repair_v a_o old_a fortification_n or_o surround_v any_o town_n with_o bastion_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o work_n or_o whether_o we_o be_v to_o make_v ourselves_o master_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o a_o river_n of_o any_o strait_a place_n or_o a_o eminence_n that_o be_v of_o advantage_n to_o command_v the_o flat_a country_n or_o a_o island_n in_o a_o river_n or_o of_o one_o or_o more_o jetting_n out_o of_o land_n into_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o make_v a_o port_n and_o last_o for_o several_a other_o uses_n the_o recital_n whereof_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a it_o be_v necessary_a upon_o these_o account_n to_o understand_v what_o kind_n of_o situation_n be_v best_a for_o the_o erect_v a_o strong_a hold_n and_o to_o know_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o concern_v this_o matter_n i._o what_o be_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o fortress_n situate_v upon_o a_o mountain_n 1._o this_o fortification_n be_v not_o easy_o ruin_v by_o mine_n 2._o the_o enemy_n will_v be_v at_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o difficulty_n to_o bring_v their_o machine_n to_z batter_v down_o this_o fortification_n 3._o those_o of_o the_o place_n may_v discover_v the_o enemy_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n and_o so_o hinder_v they_o from_o make_v their_o approach_n near_o 4._o the_o horse_n or_o battery_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v plant_v either_o on_o plain_a or_o rise_a ground_n can_v no_o way_n do_v any_o damage_n to_o this_o fortification_n it_o be_v always_o low_o 5._o upon_o a_o eminence_n the_o air_n be_v always_o more_o healthy_a than_o in_o valley_n or_o low_a place_n 6._o the_o enemy_n will_v but_o very_o rare_o be_v able_a to_o take_v such_o a_o place_n by_o assault_n what_o be_v the_o disadvantage_n of_o a_o fortress_n build_v upon_o a_o rock_n 1._o they_o common_o want_v water_n in_o such_o a_o place_n 2._o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o bring_v thither_o material_n provision_n â—nd_v other_o ammunition_n 3._o these_o fortification_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_v not_o very_o durable_a have_v only_o a_o sandy_a or_o gravelly_a earth_n for_o foundation_n 4._o place_n so_o situate_v be_v not_o to_o be_v succour_v but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n 5â—_n such_o a_o place_n can_v well_o be_v defend_v because_o what_o be_v do_v by_o the_o cannon_n from_o top_n to_o bottom_n be_v but_o of_o little_a consequence_n 6._o sally_n be_v there_o very_o dangerous_a especial_o if_o they_o be_v at_o any_o distance_n from_o the_o counterscarp_n 7._o these_o fortification_n be_v almost_o always_o irregular_a advertisement_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o these_o kind_n of_o situation_n be_v good_a for_o citadel_n castle_n and_o other_o small_a fort_n in_o order_n to_o command_v the_o country_n thereabouts_o ii_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o marshy_a or_o fenny_a situation_n 1._o the_o enemy_n can_v come_v near_o it_o without_o danger_n of_o be_v lose_v 2._o this_o fortification_n be_v not_o easy_o blow_v up_o 3._o these_o place_n may_v be_v fortify_v for_o little_a charge_n 4._o they_o have_v there_o no_o need_n of_o a_o great_a garrison_n the_o disadvantage_n of_o a_o marshy_a situation_n 1._o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o relieve_v it_o 2._o it_o must_v be_v strengthen_v with_o pile_n drive_v in_o 3._o sally_n thence_o be_v common_o unsuccessful_a 4._o the_o air_n be_v there_o always_o unhealthy_a which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o frequent_a distemper_n because_o the_o water_n there_o be_v always_o corrupt_v 5._o these_o place_n may_v be_v attack_v without_o any_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n provide_v they_o stay_v till_o the_o frost_n iii_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o place_n encompass_v round_o with_o water_n 1._o it_o can_v be_v undermine_v 2._o there_o be_v no_o occasion_n for_o any_o great_a worke_v 3._o the_o enemy_n can_v always_o discharge_v their_o cannon_n with_o any_o certainty_n because_o the_o water_n abate_v much_o of_o their_o force_n 4._o the_o besiege_a may_v very_o easy_o set_v fire_n to_o the_o enemy_n ship_n 5._o â—he_v naval_a army_n be_v too_o much_o expose_v to_o the_o â—iew_n of_o the_o artillery_n of_o the_o place_n the_o disadvantage_n of_o a_o place_n surround_v with_o water_n 1._o the_o enâ—my_n may_v â—asily_o stop_v their_o provision_n and_o hinder_v their_o succour_n 2._o boat_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a to_o attack_v such_o a_o place_n and_o so_o there_o be_v no_o occasion_n for_o horse_n 3._o these_o place_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o disease_n than_o otheâ—s_n advertisement_n we_o may_v affirm_v that_o these_o place_n that_o be_v encompass_v all_o round_a with_o water_n which_o can_v be_v quite_o drain_v or_o at_o least_o with_o great_a difficulty_n be_v the_o best_a notwithstanding_o because_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v fortify_v by_o nature_n iv._o the_o advantage_n of_o place_n situate_v upon_o a_o open_a rise_a ground_n 1._o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o good_a earth_n 2._o they_o be_v never_o there_o in_o want_n of_o water_n 3._o almost_o all_o these_o place_n be_v common_o regular_a 4._o they_o have_v there_o earth_n enough_o to_o make_v retrenchment_n in_o case_n the_o enemy_n make_v their_o attack_n with_o great_a fury_n 5._o the_o enemy_n have_v need_v to_o have_v two_o or_o three_o army_n if_o they_o will_v
to_o throw_v into_o moat_n and_o breach_n to_o stop_v the_o hasty_a come_n on_o of_o the_o enemy_n covert_a way_n be_v a_o walk_v round_o about_o the_o moat_n towards_o the_o country_n have_v a_o footpace_n and_o the_o glacis_fw-la for_o a_o parapet_n the_o chemin_fw-fr de_fw-fr ronde_n be_v a_o walk_n between_o the_o rampart_n and_o the_o wall_n the_o shirt_n or_o chemise_n be_v the_o solidity_n of_o the_o wall_n from_o the_o talus_fw-la to_o the_o stone_n row_n chevaâ—x_n or_o freisland_n horse_n so_o call_v because_o first_o make_v use_v of_o at_o groningen_n a_o city_n of_o freisland_n be_v great_a piece_n of_o wood_n with_o six_o side_n drive_v through_o pile_n or_o stake_n of_o wood_n arm_v with_o iron_n to_o hinder_v the_o horse_n and_o foot_n from_o go_v forward_o circumvallation_n be_v a_o moat_n border_v with_o a_o parapet_n which_o slank_v itself_o from_o distance_n to_o distance_n sink_v about_o the_o besieger_n camp_n as_o well_o to_o hinder_v the_o relief_n of_o the_o besiege_a as_o to_o stop_v deserter_n clayes_n be_v twig_n interweave_v together_o have_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o long_a square_n they_o be_v place_v upon_o a_o allodgment_n and_o cover_v with_o earth_n and_o sometime_o they_o be_v lay_v upon_o marshy_a ground_n to_o consolidate_v it_o coffâ—r_n be_v a_o hollowed_a depth_n from_o 6_o to_o 7_o foot_n and_o broad_a from_o 16_o to_o 18_o all_o athwart_o a_o dry_a moat_n upon_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o this_o they_o place_v a_o parapet_n and_o a_o cross_n piece_n of_o wood_n cover_v with_o clayes_n load_v with_o earth_n commandment_n be_v a_o height_n of_o 9_o foot_n which_o one_o place_n have_v above_o another_o compliment_n of_o the_o curtin_n be_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o curtin_n after_o you_o have_v take_v away_o its_o flank_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o gorge_n compliment_n of_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n be_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n after_o you_o have_v take_v away_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o flank_n counter-approache_n be_v work_n which_o the_o besiege_a make_v to_o hinder_v the_o approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n counterscarp_n be_v proper_o the_o decline_a of_o the_o moat_n on_o that_o side_n next_o the_o country_n although_o by_o this_o term_n be_v understand_v the_o covert-way_n with_o its_o parapet_n counterfort_n be_v certain_a pillar_n and_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n distant_a from_o 15_o to_o 20_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o which_o advance_v themselves_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o join_v themselves_o to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o cordon_n by_o vault_n to_o sustain_v the_o chemin_fw-fr de_fw-fr rondes_fw-la and_o part_n of_o the_o rampart_n to_o fortify_v the_o wall_n and_o strengthen_v the_o ground_n counter-gard_n be_v triangular_a piece_n in_o form_n of_o a_o large_a parapet_n which_o raise_v themselves_o above_o the_o moat_n before_o the_o face_n and_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bastion_n to_o preserve_v they_o countermine_n be_v a_o subterraneal_a way_n which_o the_o besiege_a make_v in_o search_n of_o the_o enemy_n mine_n to_o take_v away_o the_o powder_n and_o frustrate_v the_o effect_n of_o it_o though_o fire_v by_o the_o assailant_n countervallation_n be_v a_o moat_n guard_v with_o a_o parapet_n which_o the_o besieger_n make_v to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o the_o sally_n of_o the_o garrison_n corbeills_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o gabion_n fill_v with_o earth_n place_v upon_o the_o parapet_n to_o fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n without_o be_v see_v by_o they_o cordon_n be_v a_o row_n of_o stone_n make_v round_o which_o be_v place_v where_o the_o wall_n end_v and_o the_o parapet_n begin_v and_o it_o run_v round_o about_o the_o place_n coridor_n be_v the_o covert_a way_n above_o the_o counterscarp_n round_o about_o the_o place_n between_o the_o moat_n and_o the_o palisado_n corn_n or_o horn_n be_v outwork_n which_o advance_v towards_o the_o â—â—eld_n and_o carry_v in_o the_o before_o part_n two_o half_a bastion_n in_o the_o form_n of_o horn_n which_o they_o present_v to_o the_o enemy_n crown_v be_v a_o work_n draw_v beyond_o the_o horn_n to_o keep_v the_o enemy_n at_o a_o distance_n curtin_n be_v the_o long_a straight_a line_n that_o run_v about_o the_o rampart_n draw_v from_o one_o flank_n to_o the_o other_o and_o border_v with_o a_o good_a parapet_n 5_o foot_n high_a behind_o which_o the_o soldier_n place_v themselves_o to_o fire_n upon_o the_o covert_a way_n and_o into_o the_o moat_n cuâ—ette_n a_o little_a moat_n about_o 4_o fathom_n broad_a which_o be_v usual_o sink_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o great_a dry_a moat_n till_o you_o meet_v with_o water_n it_o be_v good_a to_o prevent_v the_o besieger_n mining_n d._n defence_n be_v all_o sort_n of_o work_n that_o flank_v one_o another_o and_o which_o the_o enemy_n desire_v to_o ruin_v before_o he_o strive_v to_o pass_v the_o moat_n deâ—ilé_fw-fr be_v a_o straight_a narrow_a passage_n through_o which_o there_o be_v no_o march_v but_o in_o file_n dehors_fw-fr be_v all_o sort_n of_o separate_a outwork_n as_o ravelin_n halfmoon_n hornwork_n crownwork_n counter-guard_n tenailles_fw-fr etc._n etc._n the_o better_a to_o secure_v the_o main_a place_n demi-distance_n of_o polygon_n be_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o exterior_a polygon_n and_o the_o flank_n demi-gorge_n be_v a_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o flank_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o polygon_n demi-lune_a be_v a_o small_a flank_v bastion_n place_v before_o the_o point_n of_o a_o bastion_n when_o it_o be_v too_o weak_a sometime_o this_o work_n be_v place_v before_o the_o curtin_n when_o the_o moat_n be_v a_o little_a wide_o than_o it_o ought_v to_o beâ—_n dâ—scent_n into_o the_o moat_n be_v a_o deep_a dig_v into_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o covert_a way_n in_o form_n of_o a_o trench_n of_o which_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v cover_v against_o artificial_a fire_n to_o secure_v the_o descent_n into_o the_o moat_n distance_n of_o polygon_n be_v the_o line_n compose_v from_o the_o flank_n and_o its_o prolongation_n to_o the_o exterior_a polygon_n donjon_n be_v a_o place_n of_o retreat_n to_o capitulate_v with_o more_o advantage_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n e._n embrasure_n the_o hole_n through_o which_o the_o great_a gun_n be_v discharge_v embuscade_n the_o place_n where_o the_o soldier_n hide_v themselves_o to_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n enceinte_v the_o circumference_n of_o a_o place_n sometime_o line_v and_o compose_v of_o bastion_n and_o curtain_n sometime_o not_o esplanade_n be_v the_o place_n void_a of_o house_n between_o the_o citadel_n and_o the_o town_n f._n face_n be_v the_o most_o advance_a part_n of_o the_o bastion_n towards_o the_o field_n and_o be_v the_o first_o attack_v fascin_n be_v bavin_n of_o small_a wood_n two_o foot_n broad_a and_o four_o long_v bind_v about_o at_o the_o end_n and_o middle_a throw_v into_o moat_n where_o there_o be_v much_o water_n to_o facilitate_v the_o passage_n over_o to_o the_o wall_n fall_v braye_n be_v a_o small_a rampart_n four_o fathom_v wide_a border_v with_o a_o parapet_n and_o a_o banquet_n run_v round_o about_o the_o body_n of_o the_o place_n it_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n when_o he_o be_v already_o so_o far_o advance_v that_o you_o can_v force_v he_o back_o from_o off_o the_o parapet_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o place_n or_o else_o to_o receive_v the_o ruin_n which_o the_o cannon_n make_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o place_n flank_n be_v the_o part_n which_o join_v the_o curtin_n to_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n from_o which_o the_o face_n of_o the_o next_o bastion_n require_v its_o defence_n flank_n covert_n be_v that_o the_o exterior_a part_n of_o which_o advance_v to_o secure_v the_o innermost_a which_o advance_v part_n if_o it_o be_v round_v be_v call_v a_o orillon_n flank_n fichant_n that_o which_o play_v and_o fix_v its_o bullet_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o adjoin_a bastion_n flank_n razant_n be_v that_o from_o the_o conjunction_n of_o which_o with_o the_o curtin_n the_o shot_n raze_v the_o face_n of_o the_o next_o bastion_n which_o happen_v when_o the_o face_n can_v be_v discover_v but_o from_o the_o flank_n alone_o to_o flank_n a_o place_n be_v to_o play_v upon_o a_o place_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o part_n of_o it_o but_o what_o be_v defend_v and_o from_o which_o you_o may_v play_v upon_o the_o enemy_n both_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n and_o so_o oblige_v he_o to_o retire_v fort_n of_o the_o field_n or_o fortin_n be_v all_o fortress_n who_o flank_v angle_n be_v distant_a one_o from_o another_o 120_o fathom_n they_o be_v only_o for_o a_o time_n to_o guard_v some_o passage_n or_o dangerous_a place_n or_o else_o they_o be_v use_v in_o circumvallation_n fougade_n be_v a_o small_a mine_n make_v under_o the_o ground_n which_o the_o enemy_n will_v blow_v
intercept_v the_o provision_n and_o ammunition_n come_v to_o those_o of_o the_o place_n from_o all_o part_n the_o disadvantage_n of_o place_n erect_v upon_o rise_v ground_n 1._o the_o good_a soil_n that_o there_o be_v about_o such_o a_o place_n serve_v only_o for_o the_o enemy_n to_o make_v retrenchment_n 〈◊〉_d battery_n approach_n redoubt_n and_o other_o work_n from_o whence_o they_o may_v do_v great_a damage_n to_o the_o besiege_a 2._o the_o enemy_n may_v form_v their_o camp_n as_o those_o of_o the_o place_n do_v their_o fortification_n that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o may_v give_v it_o a_o regular_a figure_n and_o encompass_v it_o with_o a_o good_a trench_n and_o a_o good_a rampart_n 3._o the_o ground_n be_v very_o good_a to_o make_v mine_n under_o such_o a_o place_n 4._o the_o enemy_n may_v seize_v all_o the_o fruit_n grow_v about_o these_o place_n advertisement_n these_o place_n however_o be_v best_a because_o those_o of_o the_o place_n will_v take_v double_a the_o advantage_n that_o the_o enemy_n can_v have_v v._o the_o side_n of_o a_o mountain_n be_v a_o very_a ill_a place_n to_o fortify_v and_o it_o must_v be_v avoid_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v because_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n almost_o always_o command_v the_o place_n within_o vi_o the_o valley_n be_v be_v no_o good_a place_n to_o fortify_v because_o the_o enemy_n may_v discover_v they_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n vii_o the_o advantage_n of_o place_n situate_v on_o the_o side_n of_o any_o great_a river_n 1._o you_o may_v bring_v thither_o by_o water_n whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a for_o building_n and_o for_o the_o soldier_n 2._o you_o may_v fortify_v the_o circumference_n after_o the_o regular_a manner_n or_o at_o least_o very_a near_o it_o the_o side_n towards_o the_o water_n be_v fortify_v with_o small_a charge_n 3._o it_o may_v be_v easy_o relieve_v 4._o earth_n be_v there_o very_o plentiful_a for_o repair_v thâ—_n work_v and_o for_o make_v retrenchment_n 5._o you_o may_v there_o make_v sluice_n to_o put_v all_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o under_o water_n 6._o they_o never_o want_v there_o any_o water_n 7._o the_o enemy_n must_v have_v a_o great_a many_o troop_n to_o â—ay_n siege_n to_o such_o a_o place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o quarter_n 8._o if_o it_o be_v attack_v only_o by_o land_n nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o besiege_a may_v pass_v the_o river_n at_o pleasure_n and_o receive_v succour_n by_o bo_n 9_o if_o it_o be_v attack_v both_o by_o land_n and_o by_o water_n there_o must_v be_v two_o great_a army_n which_o will_v be_v very_o chargeable_a the_o disadvantage_n of_o place_n situate_v on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o great_a river_n 1._o the_o river_n serve_v the_o enemy_n for_o transport_v whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o siege_n 2._o the_o enemy_n may_v cast_v up_o great_a heap_n of_o earth_n to_o command_v the_o place_n 3._o the_o enemy_n may_v easy_o shelter_v themselves_o from_o the_o fire_v of_o the_o besiege_a have_v great_a plenty_n of_o earth_n advertisement_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o these_o place_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o of_o those_o that_o we_o have_v now_o mention_v in_o case_n they_o be_v master_n of_o the_o pass_n by_o which_o the_o provision_n and_o ammunition_n be_v to_o come_v in_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n when_o you_o have_v once_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o place_n for_o the_o erect_v a_o fortress_n before_o you_o engage_v yourself_o in_o so_o expensive_a a_o undertake_n you_o must_v examine_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v good_a or_o bad_a for_o there_o be_v very_o advantageous_a situation_n the_o earth_n whereof_o be_v good_a for_o nothing_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a there_o be_v ill_a situation_n that_o have_v a_o very_a good_a soil_n but_o they_o lie_v subject_a to_o be_v command_v after_o such_o a_o rate_n that_o it_o will_v be_v great_a folly_n to_o settle_v there_o as_o may_v be_v evident_a by_o the_o follow_a observation_n sect._n i._n mountain_n common_o have_v a_o stony_a ground_n which_o be_v the_o worst_a of_o all_o as_o well_o because_o it_o will_v not_o stick_v together_o as_o because_o the_o paraper_n make_v thereof_o be_v good_a for_o nothing_o but_o if_o you_o be_v compel_v to_o fortify_v in_o such_o a_o place_n you_o must_v make_v choice_n of_o the_o best_a vein_n of_o earth_n to_o make_v the_o parapet_n and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v bring_v from_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v true_a this_o sort_n of_o earth_n be_v of_o some_o advantage_n in_o that_o the_o besieger_n will_v find_v it_o difficult_a to_o cover_v themselves_o in_o their_o approach_n for_o want_n of_o good_a earth_n sect._n ii_o the_o gravelly_a or_o sandy_a earth_n be_v likewise_o very_o bad_a by_o reason_n that_o it_o want_v a_o bind_a quality_n be_v always_o apt_a to_o tumble_v down_o when_o you_o be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o you_o must_v mix_v some_o good_a earth_n therewith_o or_o some_o old_a dung_n and_o the_o rampart_n must_v be_v well_o line_v with_o stonâ—s_n or_o brick_n and_o the_o parapet_n with_o turf_n sect._n iii_o the_o marshy_a ground_n be_v better_a than_o the_o two_o former_a sort_n although_o general_o it_o be_v not_o very_o good_a because_o when_o it_o come_v to_o dry_v be_v raise_v into_o rampart_n and_o parapet_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o fall_v to_o piece_n beside_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o find_v earth_n enough_o about_o a_o marshy_a place_n for_o raise_v rampart_n parapet_n and_o glacis_fw-la of_o a_o reasonable_a height_n and_o moreover_o the_o foundation_n of_o these_o work_n must_v be_v always_o strengthen_v with_o pile_n but_o if_o there_o bâ—_n a_o necessity_n of_o raise_v fortification_n in_o these_o place_n it_o must_v be_v during_o the_o heat_n that_o so_o the_o earth_n may_v have_v the_o great_a consistence_n sect._n iu._n the_o best_a kind_n of_o earth_n for_o fortify_v be_v that_o which_o they_o call_v fat_a or_o fertile_a ground_n because_o it_o be_v pliable_a and_o you_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o strengthen_v the_o foundation_n with_o pile_n nor_o to_o line_v the_o rampart_n unless_o you_o will_n chap._n iu._n of_o provision_n and_o other_o necessary_n see_v a_o place_n can_v be_v able_a to_o endure_v a_o long_a siege_n if_o it_o have_v not_o wherewithal_o to_o make_v resistance_n therefore_o there_o must_v be_v provision_n make_v of_o whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o soldier_n under_o which_o head_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v money_n to_o pay_v the_o troop_n meal_n corn_n hay_o wine_n beer_n brandy_n butter_n salt_n wood_n powder_n lead_v match_n bullet_n cannon_n or_o great_a gun_n musket_n pike_n sulphur_n pitch_n brimstone_n palisado_n chevaux_n de_fw-fr frise_n hand-mill_n horsemill_n and_o windmill_n that_o so_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v cut_v off_o the_o water_n they_o may_v not_o be_v without_o something_o to_o grind_v their_o corn._n a_o good_a commander_n will_v take_v care_n of_o all_o this_o a_o able_a physician_n chirurgeon_n and_o apothecary_n be_v there_o likewise_o very_o necessary_a to_o these_o there_o may_v be_v add_v some_o other_o thing_n requisite_a in_o order_n to_o keep_v the_o soldier_n in_o good_a heart_n a_o new_a treatise_n of_o fortification_n book_n iii_o chap._n i._n sect._n 1_o how_o to_o inscribe_v any_o polygon_n within_o a_o circle_n giuâ—nâ—_n this_o problem_n be_v common_o treat_v of_o in_o geometry_n nevertheless_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o work_v on_o a_o regular_a fortification_n on_o paper_n without_o know_v beforehand_o how_o to_o inscribe_v regular_a figure_n in_o a_o circle_n give_v or_o take_v at_o pleasure_n we_o shall_v at_o present_a discourse_n something_o thereof_o 1._o divide_v the_o diameter_n of_o your_o circle_n give_v a._n b._n into_o as_o many_o equal_a part_n as_o you_o will_v give_v side_n to_o your_o figure_n for_o example_n into_o five_o 2._o draw_v the_o diameter_n a._n b._n and_o make_v with_o this_o distance_n of_o point_n a._n b._n 〈◊〉_d aâ—â—â—es_v to_o intersect_v in_o c._n 3._o draw_v from_o the_o point_n c._n through_o the_o second_o part_n which_o be_v mark_v by_o the_o point_n e._n of_o the_o say_a diameter_n a_o riâ—ht_n liâ—â—_n tâ—ll_v it_o toâ—ch_v the_o circumference_n 〈◊〉_d beâ—oâ—â—_n the_o diameter_n in_o â—_o 4._o this_o distance_n from_o the_o intersection_n to_o the_o first_o â—â—int_n a._n of_o the_o diameter_n will_v be_v always_o one_o side_n of_o the_o polygon_n demand_v see_v the_o plate_n b._n fig._n 2._o seâ—t_fw-la â—_o how_o to_o make_v a_o scale_n as_o every_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o scale_n you_o must_v know_v likewise_o the_o manâ—er_n how_o it_o be_v make_v which_o be_v as_o follow_v 1._o divide_v a_o line_n into_o 10_o equal_a part_n and_o one_o of_o these_o to_o show_v the_o
the_o place_n of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n to_o the_o line_n de_fw-fr that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o five_o fathom_n as_o ki_n to_o the_o end_n that_o you_o may_v have_v the_o brisure_n where_o you_o may_v place_v the_o piece_n of_o cannon_n that_o point_v towards_o the_o half_a moon_n &_o can_v be_v batter_v from_o the_o field_n because_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v cover_v by_o the_o ravelin_n last_o to_o make_v the_o round_v of_o the_o flank_n retire_v take_v the_o distance_n ke_n between_o the_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o make_v section_n towards_o the_o moat_n in_o l_o from_o whence_o afterward_o draw_v the_o arch_n from_o k_o to_o f._n it_o can_v be_v say_v but_o that_o these_o orillon_n be_v very_o good_a for_o these_o rounding_n give_v less_o advantage_n to_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n and_o enlarge_v the_o room_n as_o well_o for_o place_v the_o cannon_n as_o for_o the_o musketeer_n if_o you_o object_n that_o the_o distance_n from_o that_o part_n where_o the_o enemy_n may_v pass_v the_o moat_n be_v too_o great_a i_o answer_v that_o the_o principal_a defence_n of_o the_o small_a shot_n to_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o moat_n consist_v in_o the_o tenâ—ille_n where_o you_o may_v set_v a_o body_n of_o musketeer_n to_o fire_v continual_o upon_o this_o method_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr clermont_n observe_v that_o the_o orillon_n of_o the_o square_n will_v be_v too_o little_a if_o you_o allow_v it_o no_o more_o than_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o flank_n as_o to_o the_o polygon_n and_o therefore_o he_o require_v two_o five_o part_n of_o the_o same_o flank_n for_o the_o orillon_n see_v the_o plate_n p._n fig._n xxii_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o book_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o curtain_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o curtain_n ought_v to_o cover_v the_o great_a part_n of_o a_o work_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o a_o reasonable_a length_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o it_o shall_v never_o be_v short_a than_o sixty_o fathom_n and_o never_o long_o than_o a_o hundred_o mâ—rshâ—user_n allow_v it_o 72_o fathom_n and_o freittag_n as_o much_o goldman_n will_v have_v the_o length_n to_o be_v of_o 96_o fathom_n usum_n de_fw-fr ville_fw-fr 100_o tieu_n make_v it_o 74_o fathom_n in_o length_n himsel_n 84._o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr clermont_n allow_v it_o three_o five_o part_n of_o a_o polygon_n the_o count_n de_fw-fr pagan_a 60_o fathom_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr vauban_n form_n it_o according_a to_o the_o plurality_n of_o the_o bastion_n as_o you_o may_v see_v lib._n 3_o c._n 17._o as_o to_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o curtain_n there_o be_v some_o engineer_n who_o will_v have_v they_o â—o_o be_v as_o be_v mark_v at_o the_o letter_n a_o of_o which_o the_o construction_n be_v such_o see_v the_o plate_n p._n fig._n xxii_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o book_n 1._o divide_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la into_o â—_o equal_a part_n as_o ad_fw-la dm_o nc_n and_o cb_n and_o take_v â—_o for_o the_o demi-gorge_n as_o bc_n ad._n 2._o divide_v the_o same_o line_n ab_fw-la into_o three_o equal_a part_n and_o take_v one_o for_o the_o capital_a as_o be_v aâ—_n 3._o where_o these_o three_o part_n be_v mark_v as_o at_o r_o and_o g_o bring_v down_o from_o the_o point_n r_o g_o two_o perpendicular_o of_o which_o seâ—_n each_o have_v the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o capital_a line_n for_o its_o length_n as_o rh_n and_o give_v and_o then_o join_v h_n and_o i_o together_o by_o a_o right_a line_n 4._o make_v upon_o the_o point_n d_o and_o c_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o curtain_n of_o 100_o degree_n and_o allow_v to_o the_o â—lank_a the_o length_n of_o the_o demi-gorge_n â—â—_o dp_v and_o cq_n this_o be_v do_v join_v eq_n and_o dp_n together_o to_o have_v the_o face_n the_o defect_n of_o the_o curtain_n be_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v too_o short_a 2._o that_o the_o â—ortification_n take_v up_o too_o much_o room_n 3._o that_o it_o render_v the_o bastion_n too_o acute_a other_o there_o be_v that_o form_n a_o angle_n without_o side_n as_o that_o which_o be_v mark_v with_o the_o letter_n b._n the_o construction_n of_o which_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n 1._o divide_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la into_o five_o equal_a part_n as_o ac_fw-la cd_o de_fw-fr of_o and_o fb_n 2._o divide_v the_o first_o line_n ab_fw-la into_o three_o equal_a part_n and_o allow_v one_o for_o the_o capital_a as_o a_z and_o bk_n then_o join_v he_o and_o bk_n together_o to_o gain_v the_o face_n 3._o divide_v the_o curtain_n cf_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o upâ—n_o the_o middle_n mark_v with_o the_o letter_n l_o erect_v a_o perpendicular_a which_o have_v the_o half_a of_o the_o face_n gk_n as_o lm_o 4._o draw_v from_o cf_n two_o straight_a line_n to_o the_o point_n m_o and_o your_o curtain_n will_v be_v make_v see_v the_o plate_n p._n fig._n xxiv_o â—â—hers_n make_v the_o curtain_n of_o a_o circular_a figure_n withinside_o like_o that_o which_o be_v mark_v c_o the_o construction_n of_o which_o be_v as_o follow_v see_v the_o same_o plate_n fig._n xxv_o have_v observe_v what_o have_v be_v say_v touch_v the_o three_o first_o point_n of_o the_o precede_a curtain_n take_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o curtain_n bc_n and_o make_v two_o arch_n to_o cross_v or_o cuâ—_n one_o another_o underneath_o and_o from_o this_o point_n of_o the_o intersection_n draw_v a_o arch_n from_o one_o end_n of_o the_o curtain_n to_o the_o other_o last_o there_o be_v other_o that_o form_n the_o curtain_n of_o a_o circular_a figure_n without_o side_n like_o that_o which_o be_v mark_v d._n the_o construction_n of_o which_o be_v like_a to_o that_o which_o we_o have_v already_o describe_v only_o that_o here_o you_o make_v the_o intersection_n above_o the_o curtain_n in_o e_o from_o which_o point_n you_o afterward_o draw_v the_o arch_n from_o one_o end_n of_o the_o curtain_n to_o the_o other_o the_o breast_n curtain_n be_v those_o which_o be_v draw_v straight_o outright_o from_o one_o flank_n to_o another_o see_v the_o same_o â—lank_a pâ—_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o book_n fig._n xxvi_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o parapet_n in_o regard_n that_o this_o work_n be_v raise_v to_o cover_v the_o cannon_n and_o the_o soldier_n which_o defend_v the_o place_n it_o must_v be_v allow_v a_o reasonable_a height_n and_o breadth_n cellarius_n allow_v it_o six_o foot_n in_o height_n with_o a_o foot_n of_o slope_v within_o sideâ—_n to_o the_o end_n the_o soldier_n may_v be_v able_a to_o stand_v the_o better_a when_o the_o parapet_n be_v rear_v after_o that_o manner_n the_o height_n without_o side_n from_o the_o cordâ—n_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v above_o four_o foot_n because_o the_o â—loping_n which_o be_v make_v by_o those_o different_a height_n inward_a and_o outward_a give_v the_o soldier_n a_o easy_a view_n of_o the_o covert-way_n and_o the_o moat_n that_o be_v before_o he_o as_o for_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o parapet_n mounseur_fw-fr clermont_n allow_v it_o for_o the_o basis_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o rampart_n the_o count_n de_fw-fr pagan_n make_v it_o three_o fathom_n broad_a of_o which_o opinion_n be_v several_a other_o as_o goldman_n frâ—ittag_n and_o mounseur_fw-fr vauban_n himself_o so_o that_o we_o may_v bold_o say_v that_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o parapet_n be_v good_a when_o it_o be_v not_o less_o than_o 18_o foot_n nor_o broad_a than_o 24._o for_o be_v weak_a the_o parapet_n can_v long_o resist_v the_o force_n of_o the_o great_a shot_n which_o will_v soon_o level_v it_o with_o the_o earthâ—_n and_o be_v thick_a it_o will_v hinder_v the_o soldier_n from_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o moat_n and_o the_o covert_a way_n if_o you_o will_v line_v the_o parapet_n it_o must_v be_v allow_v a_o little_a â—loaping_v that_o the_o soldier_n may_v have_v the_o better_a foot_n the_o best_a line_n of_o parapet_n be_v with_o turf_n as_o for_o the_o earth_n or_o mould_n which_o you_o be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o in_o erect_v a_o parapet_n it_o be_v very_o requisite_a to_o mix_v it_o with_o withy_n twig_n or_o bramble_n and_o to_o sow_v it_o with_o any_o weed_n that_o take_v a_o deep_a root_n to_o bind_v the_o earth_n together_o so_o that_o the_o cannon_n may_v not_o easy_o crumble_v it_o down_o hay_o of_o burgundy_n be_v also_o very_o good_a for_o this_o purpose_n in_o regard_n that_o there_o be_v no_o plant_n that_o put_v forth_o more_o or_o deep_a root_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o banquet_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o parapet_n upon_o the_o platform_n be_v usual_o make_v two_o little_a step_n or_o small_a bank_n of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v about_o two_o foot_n broad_a goldman_n make_v it_o four_o foot_n frâ—ittag_n 3._o the_o count_n of_o pagan_a 2._o mounseur_fw-fr clermont_n the_o same_o and_o one_o foot_n and_o
the_o short_a statuâ—â—_n soldier_n chap._n xiii_o of_o false_a bray_v here_o it_o be_v that_o some_o will_v ask_v i_o why_o the_o french_a admit_v no_o false_a bray_v in_o their_o fortification_n as_o be_v a_o second_o defence_n and_o a_o admirable_a work_n to_o dispute_v the_o counterscarp_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o hinder_v he_o from_o cross_v the_o moaâ—_n moreover_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o small_a shot_n do_v more_o execution_n from_o a_o low_a than_o a_o high_a place_n beside_o that_o the_o small_a shot_n place_v in_o the_o false_a bray_n double_v the_o defence_n of_o it_o as_o that_o work_n double_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o place_n but_o if_o you_o talk_v of_o the_o defence_n why_o do_v you_o then_o put_v the_o counterscarp_n before_o the_o face_n know_v that_o those_o part_n defend_v nothing_o you_o will_v answer_v that_o this_o be_v to_o dispute_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o moat_n but_o consider_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v break_v the_o parapet_n of_o the_o point_n may_v afterward_o pierce_v with_o his_o great_a gâ—ns_n the_o walk_n that_o run_v all_o along_o the_o face_n beside_o that_o the_o ruine_n of_o that_o work_n be_v very_o advantageous_a to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d who_o will_v willing_o have_v wherewithal_o to_o fill_v the_o 〈◊〉_d as_o for_o the_o part_n of_o the_o false_a bray_n that_o be_v before_o the_o curtain_n it_o be_v no_o long_o good_a because_o it_o do_v not_o flank_v the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n nor_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o moat_n which_o be_v object_v always_o for_o the_o principal_a reason_n nevertheless_o the_o remainder_n of_o that_o work_n which_o be_v before_o the_o flank_n will_v be_v good_a but_o know_v that_o this_o part_n be_v easy_o render_v unserviceable_a by_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o rampart_n and_o the_o parapet_n of_o the_o flank_n which_o fall_v within_o side_n fill_v up_o its_o platform_n and_o if_o the_o rampart_n be_v line_v the_o splinter_n of_o it_o maim_v the_o soldier_n that_o guard_v that_o flank_n of_o the_o false_a braye_n to_o remedy_v which_o defect_n the_o french_a now_o adays_o erect_v tenailles_fw-fr in_o the_o moat_n before_o the_o curtain_n and_o before_o the_o flank_n separate_v from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o place_n by_o a_o little_a moat_n to_o the_o end_n the_o fall_n of_o the_o rampart_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o place_n may_v not_o kill_v or_o wound_v those_o that_o be_v in_o it_o be_v line_v with_o wall_n there_o be_v nothing_o of_o all_o that_o you_o talk_v of_o false_a brays_n that_o can_v be_v attribute_v to_o these_o tenailles_fw-fr beside_o that_o they_o cast_v not_o the_o half_a of_o what_o those_o other_o work_v do_v chap._n fourteen_o of_o cavalier_n cavalier_n be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a defence_n of_o a_o place_n because_o they_o most_o notable_o scour_v the_o field_n which_o oblige_v the_o enemy_n to_o open_v his_o treâ—ches_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n in_o regard_n these_o be_v as_o so_o many_o second_o bastion_n which_o be_v oppose_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o moreover_o that_o they_o defend_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o moat_n command_v the_o covert-way_o and_o above_o the_o glacis_fw-la it_o be_v certain_a that_o be_v well_o dispose_v they_o may_v defend_v the_o head_n of_o the_o breach_n which_o the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n wherein_o those_o cavalier_n be_v erect_v now_o a_o figure_n show_v all_o the_o angle_n in_o a_o square_a a_o draught_n &_o square_n of_o vaubane_n for_o §_o 3_o book_n iii_o chap_n v._o fig_n vi._n for_o §_o 2._o book_n iii_o chap_n v._o fig_n v._n for_o §_o 4_o book_n iii_o chap_n v._o fig_n vii_o in_o regard_n that_o opinion_n be_v different_a as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o place_n where_o â—hey_n be_v to_o be_v set_v as_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o figure_n let_v we_o see_v the_o reason_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o 1._o there_o be_v some_o that_o will_v have_v the_o cavalcer_n place_v upon_o that_o part_n of_o the_o curtain_n which_o discover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o opposite_a bastion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v upon_o the_o line_n of_o the_o second_o flank_n as_o aâ—_n the_o construction_n of_o which_o be_v such_o see_v the_o plate_n qui_fw-fr figure_n xxvii_o 1._o bring_v down_o a_o straight_a line_n perpendicular_o under_o the_o flank_n and_o upon_o this_o line_n put_v two_o three_o part_n of_o the_o demi-gorge_n as_o a_o b._n 2._o divide_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la into_o two_o equal_a part_n as_o ac_fw-la cb_n and_o prolong_v perpendicular_o the_o point_n c_o till_o this_o prolongation_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o demi-gorge_n as_o c_o d._n 3._o bring_v down_o also_o a_o perpendicular_a from_o the_o point_n d_o of_o the_o length_n cb_n as_o de_fw-fr and_o at_o length_n join_v be_v together_o by_o a_o straight_a line_n 4._o have_v raise_v the_o cavalier_n to_o a_o just_a height_n they_o give_v it_o a_o parapet_n of_o thâ—ee_o fathom_n and_o two_o banquet_n as_o be_v usual_a 1_o but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v against_o this_o situation_n thâ—t_v the_o cavalier_n do_v not_o flank_n but_o very_a obliquelyâ—_n and_o by_o consequence_n that_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o be_v of_o little_a consequence_n 2._o that_o the_o ruin_n which_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n will_v make_v as_o be_v oppose_v to_o it_o in_o front_n fall_v between_o the_o curtain_n and_o the_o cavalier_n will_v hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o small_a shot_n of_o thâ—_n second_o flank_n ii_o 1_o other_o loâ—ge_v the_o cavalier_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o curtâ—in_n and_o give_v it_o a_o triangular_a figure_n allege_v that_o in_o that_o partâ—_n one_o and_o the_o same_o cavalier_n may_v flank_v two_o face_n of_o the_o bâ—stions_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o a_o cavalier_n can_v be_v erect_v after_o that_o manner_n but_o in_o place_n which_o have_v more_o than_o half_a the_o curtain_n for_o the_o secâ—nd_n flank_n which_o will_v be_v very_o difficult_a unless_o it_o be_v in_o city_n where_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o polygon_n be_v of_o a_o very_a large_a overture_n for_o to_o say_v we_o oâ—ght_n to_o make_v these_o second_o flank_n veâ—y_v large_a as_o well_o to_o augment_v the_o fire_v from_o the_o curtain_n as_o to_o gâ—in_v room_n foâ—_n place_v of_o thâ—_n cavalier_n this_o be_v to_o make_v bastion_n in_o a_o place_n that_o serve_v for_o nothing_o because_o that_o by_o this_o mean_n the_o flank_n be_v make_v so_o small_a that_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v only_o for_o ornament_n 2._o that_o the_o enemy_n stand_v in_o no_o fear_n of_o the_o fire_v from_o a_o cavalier_n dispose_v after_o that_o manner_n when_o once_o he_o be_v lodge_v upon_o the_o counterscarp_n because_o it_o be_v too_o high_a and_o the_o cannon_n can_v plunge_v low_a enough_o the_o construction_n of_o this_o cavalier_n be_v such_o see_v the_o plate_n q._n fig._n xxvii_o b._n 1._o from_o the_o curtain_n bring_v down_o a_o perpendicular_a lineâ—_n and_o put_v there_o above_o 14_o fathom_n as_o ab_fw-la 2._o take_v that_o distance_n and_o draw_v from_o the_o point_n b_o a_o circle_n 3._o divide_v this_o circle_n into_o three_o equal_a part_n begin_v from_o the_o point_n a_o as_o ac_fw-la ad_fw-la and_o cd_o which_o join_v together_o by_o right_a line_n and_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o base_a of_o the_o cavalier_n 4._o draw_v on_o the_o side_n ac_fw-la and_o ad_fw-la the_o base_a of_o the_o parapet_n of_o 3_o fathom_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o these_o cavalier_n be_v not_o to_o be_v erect_v but_o from_o 9_o to_z 10_o foot_n above_o the_o platform_n of_o the_o rampart_n unless_o there_o be_v very_o strong_a reason_n to_o raise_v it_o high_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o this_o cavalier_n be_v not_o better_a than_o the_o precede_a because_o the_o angle_n of_o it_o be_v very_o acute_a for_o when_o the_o angle_n a_o be_v carry_v away_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v worth_a nothing_o since_o neither_o cannon_n nor_o soldier_n can_v subsist_v upâ—n_v the_o side_n ac_fw-la and_o ad_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o enemy_n continual_a play_v upon_o they_o iii_o some_o raise_v the_o cavalier_n upon_o the_o platform_n of_o the_o bastion_n and_o dispose_v it_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o face_n and_o flank_n of_o the_o cavalier_n be_v parallel_v to_o the_o face_n and_o flaâ—ks_n of_o the_o bastion_n as_o c._n the_o advantage_n that_o proâ—â—â—d_v from_o this_o disposition_n be_v that_o the_o enemy_n be_v get_v uâ—â—n_o the_o opposite_a counterscarp_n will_v be_v trouble_v to_o lodge_v his_o cannon_n there_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o cannon_n upon_o the_o flank_n and_o upon_o the_o cavalier_n which_o play_v without_o cease_v will_v dismount_v the_o enemy_n artillery_n hinder_v he_o from_o raise_v shouldering_n to_o secure_v himself_o beside_o that_o the_o breach_n of_o