sojourner_n not_o that_o what_o we_o have_v deliver_v concern_v god_n fourteen_o government_n from_o god_n the_o original_a of_o civil_a society_n do_v any_o way_n hinder_v but_o that_o civil_a government_n may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o be_v from_o god_n for_o it_o be_v his_o will_n that_o the_o practice_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v order_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o yet_o upon_o the_o multiplication_n of_o mankind_n human_a life_n will_v have_v become_v so_o horrid_a and_o confuse_a that_o hardly_o any_o room_n will_v have_v be_v leave_v for_o the_o same_o to_o exert_v its_o authority_n and_o see_v the_o exercise_n thereof_o will_v be_v much_o improve_v by_o the_o institution_n of_o civil_a society_n therefore_o since_o he_o who_o command_v the_o end_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o command_v likewise_o the_o mean_v necessary_a to_o the_o say_a end_n god_n also_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v antecedent_o to_o have_v will_v that_o mankind_n when_o they_o be_v multiply_v shall_v erect_v and_o constitute_v civil_a society_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v animate_v with_o a_o supreme_a authority_n the_o degree_n whereof_o he_o express_o approve_v in_o divine_a writ_n ratify_v their_o divine_a institution_n by_o peculiar_a law_n and_o declare_v that_o himself_o take_v they_o into_o his_o especial_a care_n and_o protection_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o government_n what_o be_v the_o constituent_a part_n of_o i._o i._o supreme_a power_n and_o by_o what_o method_n it_o exert_v its_o force_n in_o civil_a society_n may_v easy_o be_v gather_v from_o the_o nature_n and_o end_n of_o the_o say_a society_n in_o a_o civil_a society_n all_o person_n be_v suppose_v know_v ii_o will_n of_o the_o supreme_a to_o be_v make_v know_v to_o have_v submit_v their_o will_n to_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o governor_n in_o such_o affair_n as_o concern_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o public_a be_v willing_a to_o do_v whatsoever_o they_o require_v that_o this_o may_v be_v effect_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o governor_n do_v signify_v to_o those_o who_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v what_o their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n be_v concern_v such_o matter_n and_o this_o they_o do_v not_o only_o by_o their_o command_n direct_v to_o particular_a person_n about_o particular_a affair_n but_o also_o by_o certain_a general_a rule_n whence_o all_o person_n may_v at_o all_o time_n have_v a_o clear_a and_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v or_o to_o omit_v by_o which_o likewise_o it_o be_v common_o define_v and_o determine_v what_o ought_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v each_o man_n be_v right_a and_o propriety_n and_o what_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o another_o what_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v lawful_a and_o what_o unlawful_a in_o any_o public_a society_n what_o commendable_a or_o what_o base_n what_o every_o man_n may_v do_v by_o his_o own_o natural_a liberty_n or_o how_o every_o one_o may_v dispose_v and_o order_v his_o own_o particular_a right_n towards_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o common_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n in_o fine_a what_o and_o after_o what_o manner_n every_o one_o by_o right_n may_v lay_v claim_n to_o from_o another_o for_o it_o conduce_v very_o much_o to_o the_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n of_o any_o civil_a society_n that_o all_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v clear_o and_o plain_o lay_v down_o and_o determine_v moreover_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a end_n penalty_n iii_o penalty_n of_o civil_a society_n that_o man_n by_o a_o mutual_a agreement_n and_o assistance_n of_o one_o another_o may_v be_v secure_v against_o the_o injury_n and_o affront_v which_o may_v and_o very_o often_o do_v befall_v we_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o other_o man_n now_o that_o this_o end_n may_v the_o better_o be_v obtain_v by_o those_o man_n with_o who_o we_o be_v link_v together_o in_o the_o same_o society_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a that_o they_o shall_v mutual_o agree_v among_o themselves_o not_o to_o injure_v one_o another_o nor_o be_v it_o enough_o that_o the_o bare_a will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n shall_v be_v make_v know_v to_o they_o but_o it_o be_v likewise_o requisite_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o certain_a fear_n and_o dread_a of_o punishment_n and_o a_o power_n and_o ability_n of_o inflict_v the_o same_o which_o punishment_n or_o penalty_n that_o it_o may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o end_n be_v to_o be_v so_o order_v that_o there_o may_v plain_o appear_v a_o great_a damage_n in_o violate_v the_o law_n than_o in_o observe_v they_o and_o that_o so_o the_o sharpness_n and_o severity_n of_o the_o penalty_n may_v outweigh_v the_o pleasure_n and_o advantage_n get_v or_o expect_v by_o do_v the_o injury_n because_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o of_o two_o evil_n man_n shall_v choose_v the_o least_o for_o although_o there_o be_v many_o man_n who_o be_v not_o restrain_v from_o do_v injury_n by_o any_o prospect_n of_o punishment_n hang_v over_o their_o head_n yet_o that_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o case_n that_o rare_o happen_v and_o such_o as_o consider_v the_o present_a condition_n and_o frailty_n of_o mankind_n can_v be_v whole_o avoid_v because_o also_o it_o very_o often_o happen_v controversy_n iu_o controversy_n that_o many_o controversy_n do_v arise_v about_o the_o right_a application_n of_o the_o law_n to_o some_o particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n and_o that_o many_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v nice_o and_o careful_o consider_v in_o order_n to_o determine_v whether_o such_o a_o fact_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v against_o law_n therefore_o in_o order_n to_o the_o establishment_n of_o peace_n and_o quietness_n among_o the_o subject_n it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o supreme_a governor_n to_o take_v cognisance_n of_o and_o determine_v the_o controversy_n arise_v between_o subject_a and_o subject_a and_o careful_o to_o examine_v the_o action_n of_o particular_a person_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o law_n and_o to_o pronounce_v and_o execute_v such_o sentence_n as_o shall_v be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o same_o law_n but_o that_o those_o who_o by_o mutual_a agreement_n war._n v._o power_n of_o peace_n and_o war._n have_v constitute_v a_o civil_a society_n may_v be_v safe_a against_o the_o insult_v of_o stranger_n the_o supreme_a magistrate_n have_v power_n to_o assemble_v to_o unite_v into_o a_o body_n and_o to_o arm_n or_o instead_o of_o that_o to_o listen_v as_o many_o mercenary_n as_o may_v seem_v necessary_a consider_v the_o uncertain_a number_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o the_o maintain_v the_o public_a security_n and_o it_o be_v likewise_o entire_o leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o same_o magistrate_n to_o make_v peace_n whenever_o he_o shall_v think_v convenient_a and_o since_o both_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n alliance_n and_o league_n with_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n be_v of_o very_o great_a use_n and_o importance_n that_o so_o the_o different_a advantage_n of_o divers_a state_n and_o government_n may_v the_o better_o be_v communicate_v to_o each_o other_o and_o the_o enemy_n by_o their_o joint_a force_n may_v be_v repulse_v with_o the_o great_a vigour_n or_o be_v more_o easy_o bring_v to_o term_n it_o be_v also_o absolute_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n to_o enter_v into_o such_o league_n and_o treaty_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v convenient_a to_o each_o occasion_n and_o to_o oblige_v all_o his_o subject_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o they_o and_o at_o once_o to_o derive_v and_o convey_v down_o to_o the_o whole_a civil_a society_n all_o the_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n thence_o arise_v see_v also_o the_o affair_n of_o any_o considerable_a officer_n vi_o public_a officer_n state_n as_o well_o in_o time_n of_o war_n as_o peace_n can_v well_o be_v manage_v by_o one_o person_n without_o the_o assistance_n of_o subordinate_a minister_n and_o magistrate_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o able_a man_n shall_v be_v appoint_v by_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n to_o decide_v and_o determine_v in_o his_o room_n the_o controversy_n arise_v between_o subject_a and_o subject_a to_o inquire_v into_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n and_o state_n to_o govern_v the_o soldiery_n to_o collect_v and_o distribute_v the_o public_a revenue_n and_o last_o in_o every_o place_n to_o take_v special_a care_n of_o the_o common_a good_n and_o from_o each_o of_o these_o person_n the_o supreme_a magistrate_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o exact_v the_o performance_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o require_v a_o account_n of_o their_o behaviour_n in_o their_o respective_a station_n and_o because_o the_o concern_v of_o any_o tax_n vii_o tax_n civil_a society_n can_v neither_o in_o time_n of_o war_n nor_o peace_n be_v manage_v without_o expense_n the_o supreme_a authority_n have_v power_n to_o
possess_v of_o but_o by_o child_n be_v chief_o understand_v such_o as_o be_v bear_v in_o lawful_a matrimony_n for_o to_o these_o much_o favour_n be_v due_a from_o reason_n itself_o from_o the_o honour_n and_o decency_n of_o the_o marry_a life_n and_o from_o the_o law_n of_o all_o civilise_v country_n above_o the_o illegitimate_a all_o which_o consideration_n obtain_v yet_o with_o these_o exception_n to_o wit_n unless_o the_o father_n have_v sufficient_a reason_n not_o to_o acknowledge_v such_o a_o one_o for_o his_o son_n or_o disinherit_v he_o for_o some_o heinous_a wickedness_n in_o the_o same_o case_n with_o child_n be_v also_o to_o be_v consider_v progeny_n of_o low_a degree_n as_o grandchild_n who_o the_o grandfather_n be_v bind_v to_o bring_v up_o and_o who_o have_v right_o to_o share_v his_o inheritance_n together_o with_o the_o uncle_n on_o both_o side_n and_o this_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n that_o the_o misery_n of_o lose_v their_o decease_a parent_n shall_v be_v aggravate_v by_o be_v exclude_v from_o their_o proportion_n of_o inheritance_n in_o the_o estate_n of_o their_o grandfather_n upon_o failure_n of_o heir_n descendent_a it_o be_v reasonable_a the_o good_n of_o child_n revolve_v to_o their_o parent_n and_o that_o to_o those_o who_o be_v fatherless_a motherless_a and_o childless_a their_o brethren_n shall_v succeed_v and_o upon_o default_n of_o these_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o decease_a aught_o to_o inherit_v though_o in_o order_n to_o prevent_v contention_n to_o which_o on_o this_o score_n great_a occasion_n be_v frequent_o give_v and_o that_o this_o matter_n may_v be_v settle_v for_o the_o public_a good_a in_o most_o community_n the_o order_n of_o succession_n be_v find_v to_o be_v accurate_o state_v and_o such_o direction_n of_o the_o government_n it_o be_v most_o safe_a for_o every_o private_a man_n to_o follow_v in_o this_o case_n unless_o very_o weighty_a cause_n force_v he_o to_o the_o contrary_n the_o whole_a also_o of_o a_o estate_n may_v will._n xii_o last_o will._n by_o a_o act_n of_o the_o former_a proprietor_n upon_o his_o death_n be_v pass_v away_o by_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n for_o this_o have_v be_v allow_v by_o most_o nation_n that_o for_o some_o kind_n of_o ease_n to_o our_o thought_n of_o mortality_n a_o man_n yet_o alive_a may_v if_o death_n happen_v transfer_v what_o he_o have_v of_o outward_a good_n to_o some_o person_n that_o he_o love_v best_o now_o whereas_o in_o the_o most_o ancient_a time_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v customary_a that_o the_o die_a man_n upon_o the_o approach_n of_o his_o end_n open_o declare_v his_o heir_n and_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n deliver_v such_o or_o such_o portion_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o they_o who_o be_v to_o receive_v yet_o afterward_o for_o good_a reason_n another_o manner_n of_o bequeath_v be_v approve_v by_o many_o people_n to_o wit_n that_o a_o man_n may_v at_o any_o time_n when_o himself_o think_v good_a make_v his_o own_o will_n and_o either_o declare_v it_o open_o or_o keep_v it_o close_o in_o write_v which_o will_v also_o he_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n alter_v and_o of_o which_o the_o heir_n he_o have_v name_v or_o write_v down_o can_v make_v any_o use_n till_o the_o testator_n be_v dead_a not_o but_o that_o such_o last_o will_n of_o how_o much_o authority_n soever_o they_o be_v among_o man_n yet_o be_v to_o be_v order_v with_o consideration_n of_o the_o party_n various_a relation_n to_o man_n and_o of_o the_o good_a of_o the_o community_n the_o neglect_v whereof_o have_v give_v occasion_n for_o the_o law_n oftentimes_o to_o provide_v and_o give_v rule_n fot_o make_o they_o from_o which_o prescribe_a direction_n if_o any_o man_n depart_v he_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o complain_v that_o regard_n be_v not_o have_v to_o his_o last_o will._n while_o man_n be_v yet_o live_v thing_n gift_n xiii_o gift_n be_v transfer_v by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o first_o proprietor_n either_o gratis_o or_o free_o or_o else_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o some_o contract_n the_o former_a way_n of_o transfer_v be_v call_v gift_n and_o of_o the_o latter_a which_o be_v contract_n we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o sometime_o also_o thing_n change_v their_o possession_n fourteen_o forcible_n possession_n owner_n without_o the_o consent_n and_o even_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o same_o owner_n and_o this_o be_v most_o in_o community_n by_o way_n of_o fine_a when_o sometime_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o a_o convict_v sometime_o such_o a_o portion_n only_o shall_v be_v forfeit_v and_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v give_v either_o to_o a_o private_a person_n who_o have_v suffer_v wrong_a or_o apply_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o public_a so_o in_o war_n good_n be_v forcible_o take_v from_o the_o possessor_n who_o part_n with_o they_o very_o unwilling_o by_o a_o enemy_n who_o be_v too_o strong_a for_o he_o and_o become_v the_o true_a propriety_n of_o the_o seizer_n not_o but_o that_o the_o first_o owner_n have_v still_o a_o right_n with_o a_o great_a force_n whenever_o he_o can_v to_o recover_v they_o so_o long_o as_o till_o by_o subsequent_a treaty_n of_o peace_n he_o do_v in_o effect_n renounce_v his_o pretence_n thereto_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o a_o peculiar_a prescription_n xv._o prescription_n way_n of_o acquire_a propriety_n call_v vsucaption_n or_o prescription_n by_o which_o a_o man_n who_o without_o violence_n knavery_n or_o injustice_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o any_o thing_n and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o quiet_o and_o without_o interruption_n a_o long_a time_n be_v at_o length_n account_v the_o absolute_a lawful_a owner_n thereof_o insomuch_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o keep_v off_o any_o ancient_a claimant_n who_o shall_v pretend_v a_o title_n thereto_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o admit_v this_o sort_n of_o right_n be_v that_o any_o man_n must_v be_v adjudge_v to_o have_v relinquish_v and_o forgo_v a_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n neglect_v to_o assert_v to_o himself_o whereas_o occasion_n for_o so_o do_v can_v hardly_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v so_o long_o want_v and_o partly_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n which_o require_v that_o possession_n have_v some_o time_n or_o other_o in_o which_o they_o may_v be_v for_o ever_o fix_v and_o settle_v beyond_o dispute_n and_o this_o still_o the_o rather_o because_o it_o be_v much_o hard_a and_o more_o grievous_a to_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o a_o possession_n honest_o acquire_v than_o never_o to_o enjoy_v one_o that_o be_v lose_v a_o great_a while_n ago_o when_o all_o hanker_a thought_n after_o the_o same_o have_v be_v long_o discontinue_v but_o in_o community_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a for_o the_o prevention_n of_o controversy_n that_o certain_a limit_a time_n be_v set_v which_o shall_v make_v a_o good_a prescription_n according_a to_o reason_n and_o convenience_n chap._n xiii_o the_o duty_n which_o natural_o result_v from_o man_n property_n in_o thing_n 1._o propriety_n in_o thing_n be_v introduce_v enjoyment_n i._o quiet_v enjoyment_n among_o man_n these_o duty_n from_o thence_o natural_o arise_v 1._o that_o every_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o permit_v another_o who_o be_v not_o a_o declare_a enemy_n quiet_o to_o enjoy_v what_o thing_n soever_o be_v his_o and_o neither_o by_o fraud_n or_o violence_n to_o spoil_v embezle_n or_o convert_v they_o to_o his_o own_o use_n whereby_o theft_n rapine_n and_o the_o like_a crime_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o invade_v and_o encroach_a upon_o other_o man_n property_n be_v forbid_v 2._o when_o any_o thing_n that_o belong_v to_o another_o restitution_n ii_o restitution_n come_v fair_o to_o our_o hand_n without_o any_o trick_n or_o fraud_n of_o we_o and_o we_o have_v still_o the_o same_o in_o possession_n we_o be_v oblige_v to_o take_v care_n as_o far_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v that_o it_o be_v return_v to_o its_o right_a owner_n not_o that_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o restore_v it_o at_o our_o own_o charge_n but_o if_o we_o have_v be_v at_o any_o cost_n in_o preserve_v it_o we_o may_v just_o demand_v to_o be_v reimburse_v or_o stop_v the_o thing_n till_o satisfaction_n be_v make_v and_o in_o such_o a_o case_n only_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o restitution_n when_o we_o certain_o know_v that_o the_o thing_n do_v real_o and_o true_o belong_v to_o another_o for_o than_o we_o ought_v to_o give_v notice_n that_o the_o same_o be_v in_o our_o possession_n and_o that_o we_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o right_a owner_n from_o receive_v it_o not_o but_o that_o if_o we_o have_v purchase_v any_o thing_n just_o and_o lawful_o we_o ourselves_o be_v no_o way_n oblige_v to_o call_v our_o own_o title_n in_o question_n and_o to_o make_v enquiry_n by_o proclamation_n as_o it_o be_v whether_o any_o one_o can_v lay_v claim_n thereto_o and_o this_o duty_n be_v superior_a to_o any_o
enough_o to_o carry_v he_o off_o and_o myself_o too_o i_o may_v put_v he_o off_o with_o force_n that_o i_o may_v not_o be_v drown_v together_o with_o he_o though_o i_o may_v for_o a_o little_a while_n be_v able_a to_o keep_v he_o up_o so_o in_o a_o shipwreck_n if_o i_o have_v get_v a_o plank_n which_o will_v not_o hold_v two_o and_o another_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o get_v upon_o it_o which_o if_o he_o do_v we_o be_v both_o like_a to_o be_v drown_v i_o may_v keep_v he_o off_o with_o what_o violence_n i_o please_v and_o so_o if_o two_o be_v pursue_v by_o a_o enemy_n meaning_n to_o kill_v they_o one_o may_v be_v shut_v a_o gate_n or_o draw_v a_o bridge_n after_o he_o secure_v himself_o and_o leave_v the_o other_o in_o great_a probability_n of_o lose_v his_o life_n if_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o save_v both_o case_n of_o necessity_n may_v happen_v where_o end_n xxii_o another_o destroy_v or_o hurt_v to_o the_o same_o end_n one_o may_v indirect_o put_v another_o in_o danger_n of_o death_n or_o some_o great_a mischief_n when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o mean_v no_o harm_n to_o the_o person_n but_o only_o for_o his_o own_o preservation_n he_o be_v force_v upon_o some_o action_n which_o probable_o may_v do_v the_o other_o a_o damage_n always_o suppose_v that_o he_o have_v rather_o have_v choose_v any_o other_o way_n if_o he_o can_v have_v find_v it_o and_o that_o he_o make_v that_o damage_n as_o little_a as_o he_o can_v thus_o if_o a_o strong_a man_n than_o i_o pursue_v i_o to_o take_v away_o my_o life_n and_o one_o meet_v i_o in_o a_o narrow_a way_n through_o which_o i_o must_v fly_v if_o upon_o my_o request_n he_o will_v not_o stand_v out_o of_o the_o way_n or_o he_o have_v not_o time_n or_o room_n so_o to_o do_v i_o may_v throw_v he_o down_o and_o go_v over_o he_o though_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o by_o the_o fall_n he_o will_v be_v much_o hurt_n except_o he_o shall_v be_v one_o who_o have_v such_o peculiar_a relation_n to_o i_o that_o i_o ought_v for_o his_o sake_n rather_o to_o surrender_v myself_o to_o the_o danger_n and_o if_o he_o who_o be_v in_o the_o way_n can_v upon_o my_o speak_n to_o he_o get_v out_o of_o the_o way_n suppose_v be_v lame_a or_o a_o child_n i_o shall_v be_v excuse_v who_o try_v to_o leap_v over_o he_o rather_o than_o to_o expose_v myself_o to_o my_o enemy_n by_o delay_v but_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v out_o of_o wantonness_n or_o cross_a humour_n hinder_v i_o or_o deny_v to_o give_v i_o the_o liberty_n of_o escape_v i_o may_v immediate_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o throw_v he_o down_o now_o those_o who_o in_o these_o case_n get_v any_o harm_n be_v to_o look_v upon_o it_o not_o as_o a_o fault_n in_o the_o person_n that_o do_v it_o but_o as_o a_o unavoidable_a misfortune_n if_o a_o man_n not_o through_o his_o own_o fault_n want_n xxiii_o case_n of_o extreme_a want_n happen_v to_o be_v in_o extreme_a want_n of_o victual_n and_o clothes_n necessary_a to_o preserve_v he_o from_o the_o cold_a and_o can_v procure_v they_o from_o those_o who_o be_v wealthy_a and_o have_v great_a store_n either_o by_o entreaty_n or_o by_o offer_v their_o value_n or_o by_o propose_v to_o do_v work_n equivalent_a he_o may_v without_o be_v chargeable_a with_o theft_n or_o rapine_n furnish_v his_o necessity_n out_o of_o their_o abundance_n either_o by_o force_n or_o secret_o especial_o if_o he_o do_v so_o with_o a_o design_n to_o pay_v the_o price_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o opportunity_n for_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o rich_a man_n to_o succour_v one_o in_o such_o a_o needy_a condition_n and_o though_o regular_o what_o depend_v upon_o courtesy_n ought_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v extort_a by_o force_n yet_o the_o extreme_a necessity_n alter_v the_o case_n and_o make_v these_o thing_n as_o claimable_a as_o if_o they_o be_v absolute_o due_a by_o a_o formal_a obligation_n but_o it_o be_v first_o incumbent_n upon_o the_o necessitous_a person_n to_o try_v all_o way_n to_o supply_v his_o want_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n and_o he_o be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o owner_n be_v not_o thereby_o reduce_v to_o the_o same_o extremity_n nor_o in_o a_o little_a time_n like_o to_o be_v so_o and_o that_o restitution_n be_v make_v especial_o if_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o other_o be_v such_o as_o that_o he_o can_v well_o bear_v the_o loss_n last_o the_o necessity_n of_o our_o own_o affair_n good_n xxiv_o destroy_v other_o man_n good_n seem_v sometime_o to_o justify_v our_o destroy_v the_o good_n of_o other_o man_n provide_v still_o that_o we_o do_v not_o bring_v such_o necessity_n upon_o ourselves_o by_o our_o own_o miscarriage_n that_o there_o can_v not_o be_v any_o better_a way_n find_v that_o we_o cast_v not_o away_o that_o of_o our_o neighbour_n which_o be_v of_o great_a value_n in_o order_n to_o save_v our_o own_o which_o be_v of_o less_o that_o we_o be_v ready_a to_o pay_v the_o price_n if_o the_o good_n will_v not_o otherwise_o have_v be_v destroy_v or_o to_o bear_v our_o share_n in_o the_o damage_n do_v if_o the_o case_n be_v so_o that_o he_o must_v have_v perish_v together_o with_o we_o but_o now_o by_o their_o loss_n we_o be_v preserve_v and_o this_o sort_n of_o equity_n be_v general_o find_v in_o the_o law-merchant_n so_o also_o in_o case_n of_o fire_n i_o may_v pull_v down_o or_o blow_v up_o my_o neighbour_n house_n provide_v those_o who_o house_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v save_v do_v make_v good_a the_o damage_n proportionable_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o one_o man_n to_o another_o and_o first_o of_o do_v no_o injury_n to_o any_o man_n we_o come_v now_o to_o those_o duty_n which_o sort_n i._o reciprocal_a duty_n of_o two_o sort_n be_v to_o be_v practise_v by_o one_o man_n towards_o another_o some_o of_o these_o pròcee_v from_o that_o common_a obligation_n which_o it_o have_v please_v the_o creator_n to_o lay_v upon_o all_o man_n in_o general_a other_o take_v their_o original_a from_o some_o certain_a humane_a institution_n or_o some_o peculiar_a adventitious_a or_o accidental_a state_n of_o man_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v always_o to_o be_v practise_v by_o every_o man_n towards_o all_o man_n the_o latter_a obtain_v only_o among_o those_o who_o be_v in_o such_o peculiar_a condition_n or_o state_n hence_o those_o may_v be_v call_v absolute_a and_o these_o conditional_a among_o those_o duty_n we_o call_v absolute_a do_v ii_o no_o wrong_v to_o be_v do_v or_o those_o of_o every_o man_n towards_o every_o man_n this_o have_v the_o first_o place_n that_o one_o do_v no_o wrong_n to_o the_o other_o and_o this_o be_v the_o ample_a duty_n of_o all_o comprehend_v all_o man_n as_o such_o and_o it_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o most_o easy_a as_o consist_v only_o in_o a_o omission_n of_o act_v unless_o when_o unreasonable_a desire_n and_o lust_n be_v to_o be_v curb_v it_o be_v also_o the_o most_o necessary_a because_o without_o it_o human_a society_n can_v be_v preserve_v for_o i_o can_v live_v quiet_o with_o he_o that_o do_v i_o no_o good_a or_o with_o who_o i_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o correspondence_n provide_v he_o do_v i_o no_o harm_n nay_o this_o be_v all_o we_o desire_v from_o the_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n the_o do_v mutual_o good_a office_n lie_v but_o between_o a_o few_o but_o i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n live_v peaceable_o with_o he_o that_o wrong_v i_o nature_n have_v instill_a into_o every_o man_n such_o a_o tender_a love_n of_o himself_o and_o what_o be_v his_o own_o that_o he_o can_v but_o by_o all_o mean_n repel_v those_o man_n who_o shall_v make_v any_o attempt_n upon_o one_o or_o the_o other_o by_o this_o duty_n be_v fence_v not_o only_o what_o crime_n iii_o so_o to_o do_v a_o crime_n we_o have_v by_o the_o bounty_n of_o nature_n such_o as_o our_o law_n body_n limb_n chastity_n liberty_n but_o whatsoever_o by_o any_o humane_a institution_n or_o compact_n become_v our_o propriety_n so_o as_o by_o this_o it_o be_v forbid_v to_o take_v away_o spoil_n damage_n or_o withdraw_v in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n from_o our_o use_n whatsoever_o by_o a_o lawful_a title_n we_o be_v possess_v of_o whence_o all_o those_o action_n be_v hereby_o make_v crime_n by_o which_o any_o wrong_n be_v do_v to_o other_o as_o murder_n wound_v strike_v rapine_n theft_n fraud_n violence_n whether_o practise_v direct_o or_o indirect_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o and_o the_o like_a far_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o wrong_n iv_o reparation_n of_o wrong_n any_o harm_n or_o damage_n be_v do_v to_o another_o he_o who_o be_v true_o chargeable_a as_o author_n of_o the_o wrong_n aught_o as_o far_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o
devour_v another_o but_o after_o that_o by_o the_o constitute_n of_o community_n man_n be_v reduce_v into_o such_o a_o order_n and_o method_n that_o they_o may_v be_v safe_a and_o secure_a from_o mutual_a wrong_n and_o injury_n among_o themselves_o it_o be_v by_o that_o mean_v provide_v that_o thereby_o they_o may_v the_o better_o enjoy_v those_o advantage_n which_o be_v to_o be_v reap_v and_o expect_v from_o one_o another_o to_o wit_n that_o they_o may_v from_o their_o childhood_n be_v bring_v up_o and_o instruct_v in_o good_a manner_n and_o that_o they_o may_v invent_v and_o improve_v several_a kind_n of_o art_n and_o science_n whereby_o the_o life_n of_o man_n may_v be_v better_o provide_v and_o furnish_v with_o necessary_a convenience_n and_o the_o reason_n will_v be_v yet_o more_o cogent_a penalty_n viii_o farther_o penalty_n for_o the_o constitute_n of_o community_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o other_o mean_n will_v not_o have_v be_v capable_a of_o curb_v the_o malice_n of_o men._n for_o although_o we_o be_v enjoin_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n not_o to_o do_v any_o injury_n one_o to_o another_o yet_o the_o respect_n and_o reverence_n to_o that_o law_n be_v not_o of_o that_o prevalence_n as_o to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a security_n for_o man_n to_o live_v altogether_o quiet_o and_o undisturbed_a in_o their_o natural_a liberty_n for_o although_o by_o accident_n there_o may_v be_v find_v some_o few_o man_n of_o that_o moderate_a quiet_a temper_n and_o disposition_n that_o they_o will_v do_v no_o injury_n to_o other_o though_o they_o may_v escape_v unpunished_a and_o there_o may_v be_v likewise_o some_o other_o that_o in_o some_o measure_n bridle_n in_o their_o disorderly_a affection_n through_o fear_n of_o some_o mischief_n that_o may_v ensue_v from_o thence_o yet_o on_o the_o contrary_a there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o such_o as_o have_v no_o regard_n at_o all_o to_o law_n or_o justice_n whenever_o they_o have_v any_o prospect_n of_o advantage_n or_o any_o hope_n by_o their_o own_o subtle_a trick_n and_o contrivance_n of_o be_v too_o hard_o for_o and_o delude_v the_o injure_a party_n and_o as_o it_o behoove_v every_o one_o that_o will_v take_v care_n of_o his_o own_o safety_n to_o endeavour_v to_o secure_v himself_o against_o this_o sort_n of_o person_n so_o no_o better_a care_n and_o provision_n can_v be_v make_v than_o by_o mean_n of_o these_o community_n and_o civil_a society_n for_o although_o some_o particular_a person_n may_v mutual_o agree_v together_o to_o assist_v each_o other_o yet_o unless_o there_o be_v some_o way_n find_v out_o whereby_o their_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n may_v be_v unite_v together_o and_o their_o will_n may_v be_v more_o firm_o bind_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o what_o they_o have_v agree_v upon_o it_o will_v be_v in_o vain_a for_o any_o one_o to_o expect_v and_o rely_v upon_o any_o certain_a succour_n and_o assistance_n from_o they_o last_o although_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n penalty_n ix_o advantage_n of_o penalty_n do_v sufficient_o insinuare_fw-la unto_fw-la man_n that_o they_o who_o do_v any_o violence_n or_o injury_n to_o other_o man_n shall_v not_o escape_v unpunished_a yet_o neither_o the_o fear_n and_o dread_n of_o a_o divine_a be_v nor_o the_o sting_n of_o conscience_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o sufficient_a efficacy_n to_o restrain_v the_o malice_n and_o violence_n of_o all_o men._n for_o very_o many_o person_n through_o the_o prejudice_n of_o custom_n and_o education_n be_v as_o it_o be_v altogether_o deaf_a to_o the_o force_n and_o power_n of_o reason_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o they_o be_v only_a intent_n upon_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v present_a take_v very_o little_a notice_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v future_a and_o that_o they_o be_v affect_v only_o with_o those_o thing_n which_o make_v a_o present_a impression_n upon_o their_o sense_n but_o since_o the_o divine_a vengeance_n be_v wont_a to_o proceed_v on_o but_o slow_o from_o whence_o many_o ill_a man_n have_v take_v occasion_n to_o refer_v their_o evil_n and_o misfortune_n to_o other_o cause_n especial_o since_o they_o very_o often_o see_v wicked_a man_n enjoy_v a_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n of_o those_o thing_n wherein_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n esteem_v their_o happiness_n and_o felicity_n to_o consist_v beside_o the_o check_n of_o conscience_n which_o precede_v any_o wicked_a action_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v of_o that_o force_n and_o efficacy_n as_o that_o punishment_n which_o follow_v the_o commission_n of_o the_o fact_n when_o that_o which_o be_v do_v can_v possible_o be_v undo_v and_o therefore_o the_o most_o present_a and_o effectual_a remedy_n for_o the_o quell_v and_o suppress_v the_o evil_a desire_n and_o inclination_n of_o man_n be_v to_o be_v provide_v by_o the_o constitute_n of_o civil_a society_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o internal_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o any_o state_n or_o government_n the_o next_o enquiry_n we_o be_v to_o make_v be_v necessary_a i._o conjunction_n necessary_a upon_o what_o bottom_n civil_a society_n have_v be_v erect_v and_o wherein_o their_o internal_a constitution_n do_v consist_v where_o in_o the_o first_o place_n this_o be_v manifest_a that_o neither_o any_o place_n nor_o any_o sort_n of_o weapon_n nor_o any_o kind_n of_o brute_n creature_n can_v be_v capable_a of_o afford_v any_o better_a and_o safe_a guard_n or_o defence_n against_o the_o injury_n to_o which_o all_o man_n be_v liable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o pravity_n of_o mankind_n than_o be_v one_o man_n to_o another_o but_o since_o their_o power_n can_v be_v extend_v to_o place_n far_o remote_a it_o be_v necessary_a that_o those_o by_o who_o this_o end_n be_v to_o be_v obtain_v shall_v be_v firm_o join_v together_o and_o associate_v into_o community_n nor_o be_v it_o less_o evident_a that_o the_o consent_n necessary_a ii_o number_n necessary_a and_o agreement_n of_o two_o or_o three_o particular_a person_n can_v afford_v this_o security_n against_o the_o violence_n of_o other_o man_n because_o it_o may_v easy_o happen_v that_o such_o a_o number_n may_v conspire_v the_o ruin_n of_o those_o few_o person_n as_o may_v be_v able_a to_o assure_v themselves_o of_o a_o certain_a victory_n over_o they_o and_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a they_o will_v with_o the_o great_a boldness_n go_v about_o such_o a_o enterprise_n because_o of_o their_o certain_a hope_n of_o success_n and_o impunity_n to_o this_o end_n therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o a_o very_a considerable_a number_n of_o man_n shall_v unite_v together_o that_o so_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o few_o man_n more_o to_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o be_v of_o any_o great_a moment_n to_o determine_v the_o victory_n on_o their_o side_n among_o those_o many_o which_o join_v together_o perpetual_a iii_o agreement_n to_o be_v perpetual_a in_o order_n to_o this_o end_n it_o be_v absolute_o requisite_a that_o there_o be_v a_o perfect_a consent_n and_o agreement_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o such_o mean_n as_o be_v most_o conducive_a to_o the_o end_v aforesaid_a for_o even_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o man_n if_o they_o do_v not_o agree_v among_o themselves_o but_o be_v divide_v and_o separate_v in_o their_o opinion_n will_v be_v capable_a of_o effect_v but_o very_o little_a or_o although_o they_o may_v agree_v for_o a_o certain_a time_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o present_a motion_n or_o disposition_n of_o the_o mind_n yet_o as_o the_o temper_n and_o inclination_n of_o man_n be_v very_o variable_a they_o present_o afterward_o may_v divide_v into_o party_n and_o although_o by_o compact_n they_o engage_v among_o themselves_o that_o they_o will_v employ_v all_o their_o force_n for_o the_o common_a defence_n and_o security_n yet_o neither_o by_o this_o mean_n be_v there_o sufficient_a provision_n make_v that_o this_o agreement_n of_o the_o multitude_n shall_v be_v permanent_a and_o last_a but_o something_o more_o than_o all_o this_o be_v requisite_a to_o wit_n that_o they_o who_o have_v once_o enter_v into_o a_o mutual_a league_n and_o defence_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o public_a good_a shall_v be_v debar_v from_o separate_v themselves_o afterward_o when_o their_o private_a advantage_n may_v seem_v any_o way_n to_o clash_v with_o the_o public_a good_n but_o there_o be_v two_o fault_n which_o be_v remedy_v iu_o fault_n herein_o how_o remedy_v chief_o incident_a to_o humane_a nature_n and_o which_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o many_o who_o be_v at_o their_o own_o liberty_n and_o independent_a one_o upon_o the_o other_o can_v long_o hold_v together_o for_o the_o promote_a of_o any_o public_a design_n the_o one_o be_v the_o contrariety_n of_o inclination_n and_o judgement_n in_o determine_v what_o be_v most_o conducive_a to_o such_o a_o end_n to_o which_o in_o many_o there_o be_v join_v a_o dulness_n in_o discern_v that_o resolution_n among_o several_a which_o may_v be_v most_o advantageous_a and_o a_o certain_a obstinacy_n in_o
the_o punishment_n and_o the_o say_a end_n be_v more_o convenient_o obtain_v another_o way_n that_o the_o prisoner_n can_v allege_v those_o excellent_a merit_n of_o his_o own_o or_o of_o his_o family_n towards_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o deserve_v a_o singular_a reward_n that_o he_o be_v famous_a for_o some_o remarkable_a rare_a art_n or_o other_o or_o it_o be_v hope_v will_v wash_v away_o the_o stain_n of_o his_o crime_n by_o perform_v of_o some_o noble_a exploit_n that_o ignorance_n do_v intervene_v in_o the_o case_n though_o not_o altogether_o such_o as_o render_v he_o blameless_a or_o that_o a_o particular_a reason_n of_o the_o law_n cease_v in_o a_o fact_n like_o he_o for_o these_o reason_n and_o oftentimes_o for_o the_o number_n of_o the_o offender_n be_v very_o great_a pardon_n must_v be_v grant_v rather_o than_o the_o community_n shall_v be_v exhaust_v by_o punishment_n to_o take_v a_o estimate_n of_o the_o greatness_n crime_n xvi_o the_o greatness_n of_o a_o crime_n of_o any_o crime_n there_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v first_o the_o object_n against_o which_o it_o be_v commit_v how_o noble_a and_o precious_a that_o be_v then_o the_o effect_n what_o damage_n more_o or_o less_o it_o have_v do_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o next_o the_o pravity_n of_o the_o author_n intention_n which_o be_v to_o be_v collect_v by_o several_a sign_n and_o circumstance_n as_o whether_o he_o may_v not_o easy_o have_v resist_v the_o occasion_n that_o do_v tempt_v he_o to_o it_o and_o beside_o the_o common_a reason_n whether_o there_o be_v not_o a_o peculiar_a one_o for_o his_o forbearance_n what_o circumstance_n aggravate_v the_o fact_n or_o be_v he_o not_o of_o a_o soul_n dispose_v to_o resist_v the_o allurement_n of_o a_o temptation_n inquire_v yet_o further_o whether_o he_o be_v not_o the_o principal_a in_o the_o commission_n or_o be_v he_o seduce_v by_o the_o example_n of_o other_o and_o once_o or_o often_o or_o after_o admonition_n spend_v in_o vain_a upon_o he_o but_o for_o the_o precise_a kind_a and_o measure_n punishment_n xvii_o measure_n and_o kind_n of_o punishment_n of_o punishment_n that_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v pronounce_v upon_o each_o crime_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o government_n to_o determine_v it_o with_o a_o entire_a regard_n to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n whence_o the_o same_o punishment_n may_v and_o oftentimes_o be_v impose_v upon_o two_o unequal_a crime_n understand_v the_o equality_n that_o be_v command_v to_o be_v regard_v by_o judge_n to_o mean_v the_o particular_a case_n of_o those_o criminal_n who_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o fact_n the_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v acquit_v and_o the_o other_o condemn_v without_o very_o sufficient_a reason_n and_o although_o man_n ought_v to_o show_v to_o one_o another_o all_o the_o mercy_n and_o tenderness_n that_o may_v be_v yet_o the_o good_a of_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o security_n of_o its_o subject_n require_v upon_o occasion_n when_o either_o a_o fact_n appear_v most_o pernicious_a to_o the_o public_a or_o there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o sharp_a medicine_n to_o obviate_v the_o grow_a vice_n of_o the_o age_n that_o the_o government_n shall_v aggravate_v its_o punishment_n which_o deserve_v at_o all_o time_n to_o be_v carry_v high_a enough_o to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o control_v the_o propensity_n of_o man_n towards_o the_o sin_n those_o punishment_n be_v level_v against_o and_o let_v the_o government_n observe_v that_o no_o great_a punishment_n be_v inflict_v than_o the_o law_n assign_v unless_o the_o fact_n be_v aggravate_v by_o very_o heinous_a circumstance_n moreover_o since_o the_o same_o punishment_n offender_n xviii_o the_o person_n of_o the_o offender_n not_o affect_v all_o person_n alike_o meet_v with_o various_a return_n to_o its_o endeavour_n to_o restrain_v in_o they_o the_o itch_n of_o evil-doing_a according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o every_o one_o that_o encounter_v it_o therefore_o both_o in_o the_o designation_n of_o punishment_n in_o general_a and_o in_o the_o application_n of_o they_o to_o particular_n it_o be_v proper_a to_o consider_v the_o person_n of_o the_o offender_n in_o conjunction_n with_o as_o many_o quality_n as_o concur_v to_o augment_v or_o diminish_v the_o sense_n of_o punishment_n as_o age_n sex_n condition_n riches_n strength_n and_o the_o like_a and_o as_o no_o man_n in_o a_o court_n of_o civil_a community_n xix_o crime_n do_v by_o community_n judicature_n can_v proper_o be_v punish_v for_o another_o crime_n so_o in_o the_o commission_n of_o a_o crime_n by_o a_o community_n whoever_o do_v not_o consent_n to_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v condemn_v for_o it_o nor_o suffer_v the_o loss_n of_o any_o thing_n he_o do_v not_o hold_v in_o the_o name_n and_o service_n of_o the_o community_n further_a than_o it_o be_v usual_a on_o these_o occasion_n for_o the_o innocent_a to_o feel_v the_o smart_n of_o the_o common_a misfortune_n when_o all_o those_o be_v dead_a who_o do_v consent_n or_o assist_v towards_o the_o say_a crime_n then_o the_o guilt_n thereof_o expire_v and_o the_o community_n return_v to_o its_o pristine_a innocency_n yet_o it_o frequent_o happen_v that_o the_o ther._n xx_o effect_v of_o one_o man_n crime_n upon_o a_o ther._n crime_n of_o one_o shall_v occasion_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o many_o other_o even_o to_o the_o intercept_n of_o a_o future_a blessing_n from_o they_o that_o they_o just_o expect_v to_o receive_v so_o when_o a_o estate_n be_v confiscate_v for_o a_o crime_n do_v by_o the_o parent_n the_o innocent_a child_n fall_v into_o beggary_n and_o when_o a_o prisoner_n upon_o bail_n make_v his_o escape_n the_o bail_n be_v force_v to_o answer_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o bond_n not_o as_o a_o delinquent_n but_o because_o it_o be_v his_o voluntary_a act_n to_o oblige_v himself_o to_o stand_v to_o such_o a_o event_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o reputation_n reputation_n in_o general_n be_v that_o define_v i._o define_v value_n set_v upon_o person_n in_o the_o world_n by_o which_o they_o be_v compare_v and_o equalise_v prefer_v or_o postpone_v to_o other_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o simple_a and_o accumulative_a divide_v ii_o divide_v and_o may_v be_v consider_v as_o to_o both_o either_o in_o a_o people_n live_v at_o their_o natural_a liberty_n or_o unite_v together_o under_o a_o government_n simple_z reputation_n among_o a_o people_n nature_n iii_o simple_a reputation_n in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n in_o their_o natural_a liberty_n consist_v chief_o in_o this_o that_o by_o their_o behaviour_n they_o have_v the_o honour_n to_o be_v esteem_v and_o treat_v with_o as_o good_a man_n ready_a to_o comport_v themselves_o in_o society_n with_o other_o according_a to_o the_o prescription_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o praise_n whereof_o remain_v entire_a preserve_v iu._n how_o preserve_v so_o long_o as_o no_o evil_a and_o enormous_a fact_n be_v know_o and_o wilful_o do_v by_o they_o with_o a_o wicked_a purpose_n to_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n towards_o their_o neighbour_n hence_o every_o one_o natural_o be_v to_o pass_v for_o a_o good_a man_n until_o the_o contrary_n be_v prove_v upon_o he_o the_o same_o be_v diminish_v by_o transgress_v repair_v v._o diminish_v and_o repair_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n malicious_o in_o any_o heinous_a matter_n which_o serve_v also_o as_o a_o caution_n for_o the_o future_a to_o treat_v with_o he_o that_o do_v it_o with_o great_a circumspection_n though_o this_o stain_n may_v be_v wash_v off_o either_o by_o a_o voluntary_a reparation_n of_o damage_n or_o the_o testimony_n of_o a_o serious_a repentance_n but_o by_o a_o course_n of_o life_n direct_o tend_v recover_v vi_o lose_a and_o recover_v to_o do_v mischief_n and_o the_o seek_n of_o advantage_n to_o themselves_o by_o open_a and_o promiscuous_a injury_n towards_o other_o the_o reputation_n describe_v be_v total_o destroy_v and_o until_o man_n of_o this_o sort_n repent_v they_o may_v lawful_o be_v use_v as_o common_a enemy_n by_o every_o one_o that_o be_v in_o any_o manner_n liable_a to_o come_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o their_o outrage_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a even_o for_o these_o man_n to_o retrieve_v their_o credit_n if_o after_o they_o have_v repair_v all_o damage_n and_o obtain_v their_o pardon_n they_o abjure_v their_o vicious_a to_o embrace_v for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v a_o honest_a course_n of_o live_v simple_z reputation_n among_o those_o who_o government_n vii_o under_o government_n live_v together_o in_o a_o community_n be_v that_o by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v of_o some_o account_n and_o have_v never_o be_v declare_v a_o vicious_a member_n by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n here_o therefore_o the_o same_o perish_v either_o life_n viii_o lose_a by_o a_o ill_a condition_n of_o life_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o course_n of_o a_o man_n life_n or_o in_o consequence_n of_o
administrator_n only_o and_o stand_v oblige_v to_o apply_v all_o to_o the_o purpose_n that_o be_v design_v by_o they_o and_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o patrimony_n can_v be_v alienate_v by_o the_o prince_n without_o the_o people_n consent_n much_o less_o can_v a_o whole_a kingdom_n that_o alienable_a vi_o neither_o royal_a power_n nor_o allegiance_n alienable_a be_v not_o hold_v patrimonial_o or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v alienate_v without_o their_o consent_n to_o it_o and_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n particular_o the_o consent_n of_o that_o part_n that_o be_v to_o be_v alienate_v as_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n no_o subject_n against_o the_o will_n of_o his_o community_n can_v possible_o disengage_v himself_o from_o the_o bond_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o it_o unless_o the_o force_n of_o foreign_a enemy_n reduce_v he_o to_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o he_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o be_v safe_a chap._n xvi_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n although_o nothing_o be_v more_o agreeable_a sometime_o i._o necessity_n of_o war_n sometime_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n than_o the_o mutual_a peace_n of_o man_n with_o one_o another_o preserve_v by_o the_o voluntary_a application_n of_o each_o person_n to_o his_o duty_n live_v together_o in_o a_o state_n of_o peace_n be_v a_o peculiar_a distinction_n of_o man_n from_o brute_n yet_o it_o be_v sometime_o both_o lawful_a and_o necessary_a to_o go_v to_o war_n when_o by_o mean_n of_o another_o injustice_n we_o can_v without_o the_o use_n of_o force_n preserve_v what_o be_v our_o own_o nor_o enjoy_v those_o right_n which_o be_v proper_o we_o but_o here_o common_a prudence_n and_o humaty_n do_v admonish_v we_o to_o forbear_v our_o arm_n there_o where_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o injury_n we_o resent_v be_v likely_a to_o return_v more_o hurt_n upon_o we_o and_o we_o than_o it_o can_v do_v good_a the_o just_a cause_n upon_o which_o a_o war_n may_v war._n ii_o just_a cause_n of_o war._n be_v undertake_v come_v all_o to_o these_o the_o preservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o what_o we_o have_v against_o a_o unjust_a invasion_n and_o this_o sort_n of_o war_n be_v call_v defensive_a the_o maintenance_n and_o recovery_n of_o our_o right_n from_o those_o that_o refuse_v to_o pay_v they_o the_o reparation_n of_o injury_n do_v to_o we_o and_o caution_n against_o they_o for_o the_o future_a and_o this_o sort_n of_o war_n be_v call_v offensive_a not_o that_o upon_o a_o prince_n take_v himself_o composition_n iii_o amicable_a composition_n to_o be_v injure_v he_o be_v present_o to_o fly_v to_o arm_n especial_o if_o any_o thing_n about_o the_o right_n or_o fact_n in_o controversy_n remain_v yet_o under_o dispute_n but_o first_o let_v he_o try_v to_o compose_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o amicable_a way_n by_o treaty_n by_o appeal_n to_o arbitrator_n or_o by_o submit_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n to_o the_o decision_n of_o a_o lot_n and_o those_o method_n be_v the_o rather_o to_o be_v choose_v by_o that_o party_n who_o claim_v from_o another_o because_o possession_n with_o any_o show_n of_o right_n be_v wont_a to_o meet_v with_o the_o most_o favourable_a construction_n the_o unjust_a cause_n of_o war_n be_v either_o war._n iu._n unjust_a cause_n of_o war._n those_o which_o open_o to_o all_o the_o world_n be_v such_o as_o ambition_n and_o covetousness_n and_o what_o may_v be_v reduce_v thereto_o or_o those_o that_o admit_v of_o a_o faint_a and_o imperfect_a colour_n to_o be_v pretend_v in_o their_o excuse_n of_o this_o kind_n there_o be_v variety_n as_o the_o fear_n of_o a_o neighbour_n grow_a wealth_n and_o power_n conveniency_n of_o a_o possession_n to_o which_o yet_o no_o right_n can_v be_v make_v out_o desire_v of_o a_o better_a habitation_n the_o denial_n of_o common_a favour_n the_o folly_n of_o the_o possessor_n the_o desire_n of_o extinguish_v another_o title_n lawful_o acquire_v because_o it_o may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o we_o etc._n etc._n and_o though_o the_o most_o proper_a way_n of_o war._n v._o of_o deceit_n in_o war._n act_v in_o war_n be_v by_o that_o of_o force_n and_o terror_n yet_o it_o be_v altogether_o as_o lawful_a to_o attack_v a_o enemy_n by_o stratagem_n and_o wiles_n provide_v that_o the_o faith_n and_o trust_v which_o you_o give_v he_o be_v inviolable_o observe_v it_o be_v lawful_a to_o deceive_v he_o by_o story_n and_o feign_a narration_n not_o by_o promise_n and_o covenant_n but_o concern_v the_o violence_n which_o violence_n vi_o violence_n may_v be_v use_v against_o he_o and_o what_o belong_v to_o he_o we_o must_v distinguish_v betwixt_o what_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o to_o suffer_v without_o injustice_n and_o what_o we_o may_v easy_o inflict_v without_o the_o breach_n of_o humanity_n whoever_o declare_v himself_o my_o enemy_n as_o he_o make_v profession_n by_o that_o very_a act_n of_o enterprize_v upon_o i_o the_o great_a mischief_n in_o the_o world_n so_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o full_o indulge_v i_o the_o leave_n to_o employ_v the_o utmost_a of_o my_o power_n without_o mercy_n against_o himself_o yet_o humanity_n command_v i_o as_o far_o as_o the_o fury_n of_o war_n will_v permit_v that_o i_o do_v my_o enemy_n no_o more_o harm_n than_o the_o defence_n or_o vindication_n of_o my_o right_n require_v with_o care_n to_o my_o security_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v we_o common_o divide_v war_n into_o solemn_a war_n vii_o solemn_z and_o unsolemn_a war_n and_o vnsolemn_a to_o a_o solemn_a war_n it_o be_v require_v that_o it_o be_v make_v on_o both_o side_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o sovereign_a governor_n and_o precede_v by_o a_o public_a declaration_n the_o other_o either_o be_v not_o public_o denounce_v or_o perhaps_o be_v begin_v among_o private_a person_n to_o which_o latter_a head_n belong_v also_o civil_a war_n as_o the_o power_n of_o make_v war_n in_o all_o war._n viii_o power_n of_o make_v war._n nation_n lie_v in_o the_o same_o hand_n that_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o government_n so_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n above_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o subordinate_a magistrate_n to_o engage_v in_o without_o a_o delegation_n from_o thence_o though_o he_o can_v suppose_v with_o reason_n that_o be_v they_o consult_v upon_o the_o matter_n they_o will_v be_v please_v with_o it_o indeed_o all_o military_a governor_n of_o fortify_v place_n and_o province_n have_v force_n under_o they_o to_o command_v upon_o the_o defence_n thereof_o may_v understand_v it_o to_o be_v enjoin_v they_o by_o the_o very_a design_n of_o their_o employment_n to_o repel_v a_o invader_n from_o the_o part_n commit_v to_o their_o trust_n by_o all_o the_o way_n they_o can_v but_o they_o be_v not_o rash_o to_o carry_v the_o war_n into_o a_o enemy_n country_n in_o a_o state_n of_o natural_a liberty_n a_o person_n refugee_n ix_o war_n occasion_v by_o protect_v of_o refugee_n be_v assault_v by_o force_n only_o for_o the_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v by_o himself_o but_o in_o a_o community_n a_o war_n often_o happen_v upon_o the_o governor_n or_o the_o whole_a body_n when_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v commit_v any_o thing_n to_o make_v this_o appear_v just_a it_o be_v necessary_a the_o act_n of_o a_o three_o party_n must_v by_o some_o way_n or_o other_o pass_v upon_o they_o now_o governor_n do_v partake_v of_o the_o offence_n not_o only_o of_o their_o proper_a subject_n but_o of_o other_o that_o occasional_o fly_v to_o they_o if_o either_o the_o offence_n be_v do_v by_o their_o permission_n or_o that_o they_o receive_v and_o protect_v the_o offender_n the_o sufferance_n of_o a_o offence_n become_v then_o unblamable_a when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o one_o know_v of_o the_o do_v it_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o hinder_v it_o thing_n open_o and_o frequent_o do_v by_o the_o subject_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v know_v to_o their_o governor_n in_o who_o it_o be_v always_o presume_v there_o be_v a_o power_n also_o to_o prohibit_v unless_o a_o manifest_a proof_n appear_v of_o its_o defect_n yet_o to_o make_v it_o a_o occasion_n of_o war_n to_o give_v admittance_n and_o protection_n to_o a_o criminal_a who_o fly_v to_o we_o for_o the_o sake_n only_o of_o escape_v his_o punishment_n be_v what_o must_v proceed_v rather_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o particular_a agreement_n betwixt_o ally_n and_o neighbour_n than_o from_o any_o common_a obligation_n unless_o the_o fugitive_n be_v in_o our_o dominion_n contrive_v hostility_n against_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o desert_n another_z receive_v custom_n betwixt_o reprisal_n x._o reprisal_n nation_n be_v when_o a_o debt_n be_v owe_v from_o one_o to_o another_o which_o sometime_o come_v to_o be_v occasion_v by_o not_o administer_a of_o justice_n right_o to_o arrest_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o private_a subject_n of_o the_o nation_n indebt_v and_o assign_v they_o to_o the_o use_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o those_o of_o
their_o own_o to_o who_o particular_o the_o debt_n be_v owe_v leave_v such_o as_o by_o this_o mean_n have_v the_o misfortune_n to_o lose_v their_o good_n to_o seek_v for_o restitution_n of_o the_o party_n that_o be_v real_o guilty_a of_o the_o debt_n and_o these_o execution_n use_v to_o be_v call_v reprisal_n which_o common_o prove_v to_o be_v the_o forerunner_n of_o war._n a_o war_n may_v be_v make_v by_o a_o person_n not_o other_o xi_o of_o war_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o other_o only_o for_o himself_o but_o for_o another_o in_o order_n to_o do_v this_o with_o honesty_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o he_o for_o who_o the_o war_n be_v undertake_v shall_v have_v a_o just_a cause_n and_o his_o friend_n a_o probable_a reason_n why_o he_o will_v become_v a_o enemy_n to_o that_o other_o for_o his_o sake_n among_o those_o in_o who_o behalf_n it_o be_v not_o only_o lawful_a but_o our_o duty_n to_o make_v war_n there_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n our_o natural_a subject_n as_o well_o several_o as_o the_o universal_a body_n of_o they_o provide_v that_o the_o war_n will_v not_o evident_o involve_v the_o state_n in_o great_a mischief_n still_o next_o there_o be_v the_o ally_n with_o who_o we_o have_v engage_v to_o associate_v our_o arm_n by_o treaty_n yet_o therein_o not_o only_o give_v the_o precedence_n to_o our_o own_o subject_n if_o they_o shall_v chance_v to_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o assistance_n at_o the_o same_o juncture_n but_o presuppose_v also_o that_o the_o ally_n have_v a_o just_a cause_n and_o begin_v the_o war_n with_o prudence_n after_o our_o ally_n our_o friend_n deserve_v to_o be_v assist_v by_o we_o even_o without_o our_o obligation_n to_o do_v it_o by_o a_o special_a promise_n and_o where_o there_o be_v no_o other_o reason_n the_o common_a relation_n alone_o of_o man_n to_o man_n may_v be_v sufficient_a when_o the_o party_n implore_v our_o aid_n be_v unjust_o oppress_v to_o engage_v our_o endeavour_n as_o far_o as_o with_o convenience_n we_o be_v able_a to_o promote_v his_o defence_n the_o liberty_n that_o be_v in_o war_n of_o kill_v war._n xii_o the_o liberty_n of_o kill_v &c_n &c_n in_o war._n plunder_v and_o lay_v all_o thing_n waste_v extend_v itself_o to_o so_o very_o large_a a_o compass_n that_o though_o a_o man_n carry_v his_o rage_n beyond_o the_o uttermost_a bound_n of_o humanity_n yet_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o nation_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v infamous_a or_o one_o that_o ought_v to_o be_v avoid_v by_o person_n of_o worth_n except_v that_o among_o the_o more_o civilise_v world_n they_o look_v upon_o some_o particular_a method_n of_o do_v hurt_v to_o enemy_n to_o be_v base_a as_o poison_v or_o corrupt_v of_o soldier_n or_o subject_n to_o kill_v their_o master_n etc._n etc._n movable_a thing_n be_v understand_v war._n xiii_o of_o thing_n take_v in_o war._n to_o be_v take_v in_o war_n then_o when_o they_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o before_o possess_v they_o and_o thing_n immovable_a when_o we_o have_v they_o within_o our_o custody_n so_o that_o we_o can_v beat_v the_o enemy_n away_o from_o thence_o yet_o the_o right_n of_o the_o former_a possessor_n to_o retake_v the_o same_o be_v never_o utter_o extinguish_v until_o he_o renounce_v all_o his_o pretension_n to_o they_o by_o a_o subsequent_a agreement_n for_o without_o this_o it_o will_v be_v always_o lawful_a what_o by_o force_n be_v lose_v by_o force_n to_o retrieve_v again_o the_o soldier_n fight_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o public_a and_o whatever_o they_o obtain_v from_o the_o enemy_n they_o get_v it_o not_o for_o themselves_o but_o proper_o for_o the_o community_n they_o serve_v only_o it_o be_v customary_a in_o most_o place_n to_o leave_v to_o they_o by_o connivance_n the_o movable_n especial_o those_o of_o small_a value_n that_o they_o take_v in_o the_o place_n of_o a_o reward_n or_o perhaps_o their_o pay_n and_o for_o a_o encouragement_n to_o they_o to_o be_v free_a of_o their_o blood_n beside_o in_o the_o case_n of_o necessity_n when_o thing_n immovable_a that_o have_v be_v lose_v to_o be_v retake_v from_o the_o enemy_n they_o return_v into_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o former_a owner_n and_o movable_n ought_v to_o do_v the_o same_o but_o that_o among_o most_o people_n they_o be_v deliver_v over_o as_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o army_n empire_n also_o or_o government_n come_v conquest_n fourteen_o conquest_n to_o be_v acquire_v by_o war_n not_o only_o over_o the_o particular_a person_n conquer_v but_o entire_a state_n to_o render_v this_o lawful_a and_o bind_v upon_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o subject_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o subject_n swear_v fidelity_n to_o the_o conqueror_n and_o on_o the_o other_o that_o the_o conqueror_n cast_v off_o the_o state_n and_o disposition_n of_o a_o enemy_n towards_o they_o the_o proceed_n of_o war_n be_v suspend_v truce_n xv._o truce_n by_o a_o truce_n which_o be_v a_o agreement_n the_o state_n and_o occasion_n of_o the_o war_n remain_v still_o the_o same_o as_o before_o to_o abstain_v on_o both_o side_n from_o all_o act_n of_o hostility_n unto_o a_o time_n appoint_v when_o that_o be_v past_a if_o there_o be_v no_o peace_n conclude_v in_o the_o interim_n they_o resume_v their_o hostility_n again_o without_o the_o formality_n of_o a_o new_a declaration_n now_o truce_n be_v either_o such_o as_o they_o truce_n xv._o treaty_n of_o truce_n consent_v to_o during_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o expedition_n whilst_o both_o side_n keep_v their_o force_n on_o foot_n or_o those_o upon_o which_o they_o quite_o disband_v their_o force_n and_o lay_v aside_o all_o military_a preparation_n the_o first_o be_v seldom_o take_v but_o for_o a_o small_a time_n the_o other_o they_o may_v and_o usual_o do_v take_v for_o a_o continuance_n so_o great_a as_o to_o carry_v the_o face_n of_o a_o peace_n and_o sometime_o also_o the_o very_a name_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o term_n of_o year_n only_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o a_o perfect_a peace_n indeed_o which_o regular_o be_v eternal_a and_o extinguish_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n for_o ever_o those_o that_o they_o call_v tacit_n truce_n oblige_v to_o nothing_o for_o as_o on_o both_o side_n they_o lie_v quiet_a for_o their_o pleasure_n so_o whenever_o they_o think_v fit_a they_o may_v break_v out_o into_o act_n of_o hostility_n but_o when_o a_o peace_n be_v mutual_o ratify_v peace_n xvi_o treaty_n of_o peace_n by_o each_o sovereign_a governor_n upon_o article_n and_o condition_n agree_v betwixt_o themselves_o which_o they_o engage_v to_o observe_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n faithful_o by_o a_o time_n prescribe_v then_o a_o war_n be_v perfect_o end_v in_o confirmation_n whereof_o it_o be_v usual_a not_o only_o for_o both_o party_n to_o take_v their_o oath_n and_o interchange_v hostage_n but_o for_o some_o other_o oftentimes_o especial_o among_o the_o assistant_n at_o the_o treaty_n to_o undertake_v the_o guaranty_n of_o the_o same_o with_o promise_n of_o aid_n to_o he_o whoever_o be_v first_o injure_v by_o the_o other_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n that_o be_v make_v chap._n xvii_o of_o alliance_n alliance_n interchangeable_o pass_v twofold_a i._o alliance_n twofold_a betwixt_o sovereign_a governor_n be_v of_o good_a use_n both_o in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n they_o may_v be_v divide_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o subject_n either_o into_o such_o as_o reinforce_v the_o duty_n already_o incumbent_a on_o we_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o such_o as_o superadd_a some_o thing_n to_o the_o precept_n of_o that_o law_n at_o least_o they_o determine_v their_o obligation_n to_o such_o or_o such_o particular_a action_n which_o before_o seem_v indefinite_a by_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v mean_v treaty_n of_o peace_n ii_o treaty_n of_o peace_n peace_n wherein_o nothing_o more_o be_v agree_v upon_o than_o the_o simple_a exercise_n of_o humanity_n towards_o one_o another_o or_o a_o forbearance_n of_o mischief_n and_o violence_n or_o perhaps_o they_o may_v establish_v a_o general_a sort_n of_o friendship_n betwixt_o they_o not_o mention_v particular_n or_o fix_v the_o rule_n of_o hospitality_n and_o commerce_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o other_o of_o the_o latter_a sort_n be_v call_v league_n iii_o equal_a league_n league_n and_o be_v either_o equal_a or_o unequal_a equal_a league_n be_v so_o far_o compose_v of_o the_o same_o condition_n on_o both_o side_n that_o they_o not_o only_o promise_v what_o be_v equal_a absolute_o or_o at_o least_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o ability_n of_o man_n but_o they_o stipulate_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n too_o that_o neither_o party_n be_v to_o the_o other_o obnoxious_a or_o in_o a_o worse_a condition_n unequal_a league_n be_v those_o wherein_o unequal_a iu