do_v then_o furious_o french-like_a charge_v with_o their_o horse_n upon_o we_o and_o be_v by_o far_o the_o great_a number_n instant_o rout_v they_o force_v such_o of_o our_o horse_n as_o seek_v their_o safety_n by_o flight_n to_o break_v in_o upon_o our_o own_o foot_n to_o their_o utter_a disorder_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o horse_n that_o can_v not_o do_v so_o be_v all_o either_o take_v or_o slay_v the_o execution_n likewise_o upon_o our_o foot_n become_v hereby_o very_o great_a and_o the_o great_a by_o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o work_n cast_v up_o to_o command_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o passage_n upon_o the_o dike_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v embolden_v to_o charge_v home_o all_o alongst_o the_o way_n of_o our_o march_n upon_o the_o very_a dike_n itself_o even_o to_o the_o very_a bridge_n that_o we_o be_v to_o pass_v over_o where_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o improvidence_n in_o make_v it_o without_o rail_n on_o the_o side_n our_o man_n in_o the_o haste_n and_o terror_n of_o their_o disorder_n thrust_v one_o another_o into_o a_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v there_o smother_v in_o the_o water_n and_o mud_n and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o we_o lose_v the_o most_o and_o best_a of_o our_o man_n now_o because_o in_o these_o retreat_v it_o may_v fall_v out_o even_o with_o the_o most_o provident_a general_n that_o a_o army_n may_v be_v force_v to_o lie_v and_o lodge_v in_o the_o open_a field_n very_o near_o unto_o a_o enemy_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o propound_v some_o course_n touch_v this_o particular_a and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o have_v be_v practise_v that_o every_o regiment_n shall_v lie_v down_o and_o lodge_v in_o the_o very_a same_o order_n that_o they_o march_v all_o the_o day_n before_o with_o all_o their_o arm_n by_o they_o the_o pike_n to_o stick_v up_o a_o end_n close_o by_o the_o bearer_n as_o they_o lie_v and_o every_o rot_n or_o file_n that_o be_v every_o six_o of_o musqueteer_n to_o bring_v their_o musket_n to_o their_o rot-master_n or_o leader_n of_o their_o file_n who_o be_v to_o see_v they_o set_v with_o their_o mouth_n upright_o and_o so_o bind_v together_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o match_n that_o they_o may_v stand_v ready_a at_o hand_n upon_o all_o alarm_n as_o for_o the_o person_n of_o the_o general_n himself_o and_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o field_n they_o be_v to_o bestow_v themselves_o in_o their_o coach_n or_o the_o like_a and_o the_o private_a captain_n to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o frame_n of_o wood_n as_o in_o the_o low-countries_n be_v term_v horse_n be_v very_o proper_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o of_o which_o it_o be_v good_a for_o every_o captain_n to_o have_v one_o touch_v the_o horse-regiment_n every_o man_n be_v to_o ease_v himself_o and_o his_o horse_n by_o alight_v and_o rest_v himself_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o by_o feed_v his_o horse_n near_o unto_o he_o and_o in_o this_o posture_n to_o take_v repast_n and_o sleep_v and_o so_o to_o attend_v the_o light_n of_o the_o ensue_a morn_n for_o the_o pursuance_n of_o their_o intend_a retreat_n and_o thus_o have_v give_v some_o note_n touch_v the_o dislodging_n and_o retreat_n of_o a_o army_n we_o will_v finish_v this_o chapter_n with_o some_o rule_n touch_v encamp_n in_o these_o encamp_n the_o general_n quartermaster_n be_v especial_o to_o observe_v these_o particular_n follow_v that_o friend_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v be_v lodge_v by_o friend_n and_o this_o as_o well_o for_o prevent_v of_o tumult_n as_o the_o faithful_a second_n one_o of_o another_o that_o such_o horse_n as_o be_v most_o unready_a and_o unfit_a for_o sudden_a occasion_n be_v cover_v with_o foot_n for_o three_o part_n of_o they_o at_o least_o that_o no_o impediment_n as_o merchant_n victualler_n artificer_n be_v lodge_v among_o the_o soldier_n and_o that_o the_o camp_n be_v well_o entrench_v and_o because_o a_o army_n be_v it_o never_o so_o well_o entrench_v lie_v thus_o will_v be_v force_v to_o send_v forager_n abroad_o it_o be_v a_o necessary_a providence_n and_o especial_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v any_o thing_n near_o that_o some_o convenient_a number_n of_o troop_n do_v by_o turn_n stand_v by_o their_o arm_n that_o they_o be_v always_o ready_a to_o answer_v all_o alarm_n which_o be_v great_o further_v and_o a_o rescue_v the_o soon_o an_o with_o less_o dismay_n perform_v when_o some_o captain_n be_v thus_o find_v always_o in_o point_n and_o ready_a to_o march_v at_o the_o first_o word_n of_o command_n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v a_o punctual_a example_n at_o caesar_n first_o land_v in_o this_o our_o island_n for_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o great_a loss_n in_o his_o ship_n by_o a_o tempest_n the_o which_o encourage_v the_o britain_n so_o much_o the_o more_o to_o oppose_v he_o the_o which_o himself_o also_o suspect_v he_o cause_v his_o army_n to_o be_v strong_o entrench_v and_o send_v out_o one_o of_o his_o legion_n in_o its_o turn_n to_o fetch_v in_o corn_n the_o enemy_n on_o a_o sudden_a assault_v it_o the_o which_o be_v discover_v by_o a_o unusual_a dust_n caesar_n instant_o take_v two_o cohort_n which_o may_v amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 720_o man_n which_o be_v in_o station_n before_o the_o port_n of_o the_o camp_n command_v that_o other_o two_o shall_v supply_v their_o place_n and_o lead_v they_o on_o to_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v abroad_o the_o which_o he_o find_v in_o a_o dangerous_a fight_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o without_o this_o oportune_a supply_n have_v in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o be_v thus_o relieve_v as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o trench_n they_o be_v to_o be_v regulate_v either_o by_o the_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o site_n their_o flank_n be_v to_o be_v distance_v about_o seventy_o pace_n one_o from_o another_o their_o depth_n breadth_n and_o height_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o intention_n of_o stay_n in_o that_o place_n and_o the_o expectance_n of_o a_o enemy_n in_o they_o entrance_n or_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v out_o for_o horse_n foot_n and_o carriage_n and_o to_o be_v cover_v with_o ravelin_n without_o and_o bar_v within_o and_o these_o trench_n be_v to_o be_v furnish_v with_o convenient_a artillery_n so_o order_v and_o mount_v that_o be_v well_o flank_v they_o may_v command_v the_o campagna_n round_o about_o and_o beside_o all_o this_o the_o camp_n be_v to_o be_v secure_v by_o strong_a and_o vigilant_a guard_n some_o whereof_o be_v the_o main_a guard_n the_o rest_n the_o petty_a guard_n one_o mainguard_n be_v to_o be_v near_o the_o general_n quarter_n and_o the_o commander_n thereof_o be_v style_v the_o captain_n general_n of_o the_o watch._n another_o mainguard_n be_v to_o be_v in_o every_o regiment_n which_o have_v likewise_o its_o captain_n by_o who_o the_o round_n be_v lay_v out_o and_o the_o rounder_n send_v abroad_o to_o visit_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o company_n and_o out_o of_o the_o mainguard_n by_o the_o general_n lodging_n the_o rounder_n be_v take_v out_o to_o visit_v all_o the_o petty_a guard_n and_o because_o it_o may_v be_v dangerous_a when_o in_o one_o discipline_n two_o round_n meet_v in_o their_o circuit_n that_o they_o which_o speak_v first_o in_o take_v the_o word_n of_o the_o other_o may_v hereby_o help_v the_o enemy_n to_o rob_v the_o word_n to_o prevent_v it_o it_o have_v by_o some_o be_v think_v a_o provident_a course_n that_o the_o two_o elder_a rounder_n shall_v make_v a_o exchange_n of_o their_o companion_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o finish_v their_o circuit_n without_o give_v or_o take_v the_o word_n of_o any_o round_n at_o all_o the_o which_o i_o only_o offer_v to_o our_o present_a commander_n to_o take_v into_o their_o consideration_n as_o for_o the_o petty_a guard_n they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n for_o either_o they_o consist_v of_o many_o person_n and_o be_v then_o term_v a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n or_o of_o one_o single_a man_n who_o be_v call_v a_o centinel_n a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n may_v either_o be_v of_o horse_n which_o be_v a_o guard_n without_o the_o entrenchment_n of_o the_o camp_n or_o of_o foot_n who_o watch_v within_o before_o or_o at_o the_o port_n of_o the_o trench_n or_o any_o where_o else_o where_o the_o ser_n jeant-major_a shall_v hold_v it_o fit_a in_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o sentinel_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v not_o place_v overfar_a from_o any_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n lest_o by_o be_v surprise_v by_o a_o enemy_n the_o secret_n of_o the_o army_n be_v discover_v and_o because_o it_o can_v choose_v but_o be_v full_a of_o hazard_n and_o subject_a to_o many_o casualty_n for_o a_o army_n to_o be_v bring_v up_o any_o thing_n near_o to_o a_o overpowerful_a enemy_n a_o
weather_n contagion_n of_o sickness_n or_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o thus_o far_o concern_v such_o consideration_n and_o counsel_n as_o be_v aforehand_o to_o be_v take_v in_o point_n of_o a_o invasive_a war._n as_o for_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v practise_v in_o a_o war_n defensive_a though_o the_o sure_a defence_n be_v offence_n yet_o such_o as_o be_v force_v unto_o it_o be_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o assure_v themselves_o of_o their_o neighbour_n by_o league_n or_o by_o provision_n of_o treasure_n to_o defray_v all_o charge_n or_o by_o a_o army_n so_o govern_v by_o discretion_n that_o no_o fight_n be_v admit_v in_o heat_n and_o rashness_n and_o yet_o so_o avoid_v that_o the_o army_n may_v not_o seem_v to_o forbear_v the_o battle_n for_o fear_n which_o may_v utter_o discourage_v the_o common_a soldier_n or_o encourage_v the_o enemy_n but_o rather_o as_o do_v out_o of_o policy_n and_o withal_o that_o the_o country_n be_v on_o all_o side_n waste_v where_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o pass_v so_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v find_v for_o he_o to_o make_v use_n of_o and_o in_o the_o interim_n the_o defensive_a army_n to_o be_v commodious_o entrench_v have_v withal_o a_o guard_n upon_o the_o enemy_n army_n on_o all_o side_n that_o no_o relief_n or_o as_o little_a as_o may_v be_v may_v be_v bring_v unto_o it_o this_o defensive_a war_n may_v also_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o erect_n of_o fort_n and_o the_o fortify_v of_o town_n for_o hereby_o the_o defendant_n may_v not_o only_o secure_v their_o life_n from_o all_o sudden_a eruption_n and_o keep_v short_a the_o enemy_n from_o relief_n but_o defer_v battle_n at_o pleasure_n and_o thereby_o abate_v the_o enemy_n heat_n and_o pride_n as_o for_o the_o part_n where_o these_o fortification_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v they_o be_v those_o which_o may_v give_v the_o most_o impediment_n to_o the_o enemy_n attempt_n and_o most_o security_n to_o the_o defendant_n as_o upon_o the_o seacoast_n the_o port_n and_o land_v place_n and_o in_o the_o midland_n part_n upon_o narrows_n and_o straight_a passage_n and_o the_o capital_a city_n and_o these_o fort_n be_v not_o to_o be_v so_o great_a but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v man_v and_o furnish_v as_o well_o with_o munition_n as_o man_n without_o the_o weaken_n of_o the_o main_a army_n in_o the_o field_n nor_o to_o be_v so_o small_a but_o to_o be_v sufficient_o capacious_a to_o receive_v the_o peasant_n and_o the_o best_a of_o their_o substance_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n chap._n ii_o of_o a_o defensive_a war_n how_o best_o make_v and_o maintain_v that_o when_o a_o victory_n may_v be_v gain_v without_o blow_n a_o battle_n be_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v how_o troop_n suspect_v either_o for_o courage_n or_o loyalty_n be_v to_o be_v order_v in_o battle_n what_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v first_o to_o be_v charge_v requisite_a consideration_n in_o and_o after_o battle_n in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n occasional_o only_a we_o make_v some_o mention_n touch_v the_o avoid_n of_o battle_n in_o case_n of_o a_o defensive_a war._n but_o in_o this_o we_o shall_v enlarge_v our_o advertisement_n concern_v that_o particular_a it_o have_v be_v always_o a_o sure_a maxim_n of_o war_n that_o whensoever_o by_o foresight_n well_o ground_v victory_n come_v towards_o one_o without_o blow_n or_o wound_n as_o either_o by_o block_v up_o the_o passage_n and_o so_o cut_v off_o all_o supply_n or_o by_o any_o the_o like_a mean_n that_o in_o such_o case_n a_o enemy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v assault_v nor_o admit_v to_o the_o term_n of_o a_o battle_n for_o it_o suit_n better_a with_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o essence_n of_o our_o nature_n so_o to_o direct_v the_o course_n of_o a_o action_n that_o a_o enemy_n may_v be_v conquer_v rather_o by_o wit_n then_o war._n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v a_o example_n in_o caesar_n commentary_n where_o caesar_n have_v shut_v up_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n in_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n although_o he_o may_v have_v cut_v they_o to_o piece_n by_o a_o assault_n yet_o find_v the_o victory_n sure_a without_o a_o fight_n without_o blood_n and_o without_o hazard_n he_o thus_o answer_v his_o captain_n who_o urge_v he_o to_o storm_v they_o cur_n secundo_fw-la praelio_fw-la aliquos_fw-la ex_fw-la suis_fw-la amitteret_fw-la cur_n vulnerari_fw-la pateretur_fw-la optime_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la meritos_fw-la milites_fw-la cur_n denique_fw-la fortunam_fw-la periclitaretur_fw-la and_o indeed_o before_o the_o fall_n upon_o a_o battle_n at_o any_o time_n these_o follow_a particular_n be_v constant_o to_o be_v receive_v that_o a_o view_n be_v take_v of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o army_n and_o impartial_o compare_v with_o that_o of_o the_o enemy_n that_o the_o place_n of_o battle_n be_v near_o some_o safe_a retreat_n either_o of_o a_o camp_n well_o entrench_v and_o sufficient_o leave_v with_o guard_n or_o some_o town_n of_o defence_n near_o to_o friend_n that_o all_o course_n be_v take_v to_o give_v courage_n and_o confidence_n to_o the_o soldier_n either_o by_o some_o fit_a apply_v word_n of_o exhortation_n or_o by_o some_o encourage_v stratagem_n or_o by_o show_n of_o contempt_n of_o the_o enemy_n strength_n or_o augmentation_n of_o his_o own_o or_o by_o make_v show_n of_o some_o secret_a intelligence_n from_o the_o enemy_n camp_n or_o report_v some_o rumour_n of_o their_o fear_n and_o diffidence_n that_o in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o army_n to_o the_o battle_n the_o enemy_n order_n be_v heedful_o observe_v as_o also_o the_o site_n and_o form_n of_o the_o place_n and_o ground_n where_o the_o battle_n be_v to_o be_v fight_v to_o which_o a_o answerable_a accommodation_n be_v in_o every_o respect_n to_o be_v observe_v as_o well_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o form_n as_o number_v of_o division_n as_o also_o for_o the_o order_n of_o the_o artillery_n to_o the_o best_a use_n and_o most_o annoyance_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o new_a troop_n that_o may_v be_v suspect_v in_o their_o worth_n and_o especial_o loyalty_n that_o they_o be_v place_v rather_o in_o the_o battle_n or_o middle-guard_n itself_o than_o any_o of_o the_o wing_n for_o be_v thus_o order_v they_o shall_v neither_o be_v so_o put_v to_o it_o in_o point_n of_o courage_n if_o they_o be_v want_v that_o way_n nor_o can_v they_o find_v mean_n or_o scope_n to_o fling_v out_o or_o to_o take_v advantage_n to_o a_o mischief_n as_o if_o they_o be_v order_v in_o the_o wing_n for_o the_o wing_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n be_v the_o strength_n of_o it_o and_o the_o principal_a instrument_n and_o it_o have_v ever_o be_v find_v that_o as_o long_o as_o they_o stand_v firm_a the_o day_n stand_v fair_a for_o by_o they_o the_o enemy_n be_v keep_v from_o surround_v the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o same_o army_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o charge_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o flank_n upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o opportunity_n consideration_n be_v also_o to_o be_v have_v whether_o it_o be_v for_o the_o advantage_n to_o charge_n or_o to_o attend_v the_o charge_n if_o to_o charge_n which_o be_v most_o approvable_a in_o a_o open_a country_n that_o then_o it_o be_v perform_v with_o the_o whole_a front_n at_o once_o rather_o than_o by_o light_a skirmish_n in_o the_o wing_n and_o corner_n lest_o such_o of_o these_o as_o may_v chance_v to_o be_v rebut_v upon_o the_o main-vant-guard_n strike_v a_o terror_n and_o perhaps_o disorder_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o army_n of_o which_o there_o have_v be_v infinite_a example_n a_o especial_a observation_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v make_v touch_v the_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n which_o be_v first_o to_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o ancient_n and_o many_o of_o the_o modern_n it_o be_v a_o maxim_n that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v the_o weak_a part_n and_o this_o be_v practise_v by_o caesar_n in_o his_o first_o battle_n with_o arionistus_fw-la and_o by_o scipio_n in_o spain_n and_o the_o motive_n hereunto_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o regard_n that_o man_n judgement_n be_v favourable_a to_o that_o which_o happen_v well_o at_o the_o first_o the_o sequel_n of_o every_o action_n depend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o the_o beginning_n neither_o can_v there_o be_v a_o good_a end_n without_o a_o good_a beginning_n for_o though_o a_o beginning_n be_v often_o disastrous_a and_o unlucky_a and_o the_o end_n fortunate_a and_o happy_a yet_o before_o it_o come_v to_o that_o end_n there_o be_v a_o fortunate_a beginning_n and_o therefore_o that_o a_o army_n may_v foresee_v a_o happy_a end_n in_o a_o good_a beginning_n it_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o maxim_n that_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o assault_n shall_v be_v with_o the_o best_a of_o the_o army_n upon_o the_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o
little_o increase_v and_o innovate_v and_o to_o over-tedious_a and_o dangerous_a delay_n not_o to_o speak_v far_a when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v have_v by_o consent_n of_o parliament_n so_o that_o the_o low-country_n way_n when_o as_o now_o with_o they_o it_o have_v get_v a_o prescription_n by_o time_n and_o a_o toleration_n by_o custom_n seem_v preferable_a to_o they_o all_o and_o especial_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o have_v they_o as_o for_o the_o preserve_n of_o they_o when_o they_o be_v get_v i_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v sure_a do_v either_o by_o melt_v they_o into_o bullion_n or_o wedge_n and_o so_o to_o coin_v they_o upon_o occasion_n as_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o ancient_n or_o to_o lend_v they_o out_o for_o some_o small_a profit_n to_o particular_a person_n upon_o good_a caution_n a_o especial_a care_n be_v have_v withal_o that_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o exchequer_n be_v man_n of_o integrity_n choose_v rather_o out_o of_o person_n of_o honourable_a birth_n and_o breed_n then_o of_o mechanic_n and_o man_n of_o base_a condition_n and_o quality_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v do_v all_o we_o mean_v to_o do_v about_o the_o first_o principal_a include_v under_o the_o first_o requirable_a which_o be_v munition_n chap._n ii_o of_o armour_n of_o proof_n of_o buff-coat_n and_o quilt_a jack_n the_o length_n of_o the_o pike_n pike_n not_o to_o be_v overlong_a we_o shall_v speak_v in_o the_o next_o place_n and_o in_o this_o second_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o principal_n contain_v under_o the_o first_o requirable_a that_o be_v of_o arm_n and_o first_o of_o defensive_a and_o those_o fit_v for_o the_o body_n of_o man_n touch_v which_o i_o shall_v not_o particularize_v in_o the_o piece_n and_o name_n well_o enough_o know_v to_o every_o train-band-man_n but_o only_o inquire_v into_o the_o use_n and_o when_o they_o seem_v best_a fit_v for_o service_n and_o for_o the_o turn_n they_o be_v provide_v and_o first_o of_o those_o call_v arm_n of_o proof_n a_o proof_n indeed_o of_o the_o degeneration_n of_o man_n spirit_n and_o courage_n and_o wherewith_o the_o wearer_n become_v so_o overcharge_v and_o shackle_a that_o they_o seem_v chief_o prepare_v to_o fight_v against_o the_o shock_n and_o brunt_n of_o their_o own_o coat_n of_o steel_n and_o as_o if_o bind_v rather_o to_o defend_v their_o arm_n than_o their_o arm_n they_o in_o which_o regard_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o find_v no_o reason_n why_o they_o shall_v be_v in_o any_o great_a request_n for_o shall_v there_o be_v find_v one_o man_n of_o a_o thousand_o so_o well_o underlie_v as_o to_o march_v or_o stand_v under_o one_o of_o they_o yet_o shall_v he_o not_o be_v able_a to_o fight_v no_o not_o to_o keep_v his_o leg_n against_o the_o force_n of_o a_o musquet-shot_a within_o pointblank_o or_o a_o level_n range_v for_o though_o perhaps_o it_o pierce_v not_o his_o thick_a armour_n yet_o shall_v it_o sure_a enough_o lay_v the_o bearer_n on_o his_o back_n there_o to_o lie_v until_o he_o find_v a_o comrade_n or_o two_o to_o set_v he_o on_o his_o foot_n or_o be_v tread_v to_o death_n with_o the_o press_n of_o his_o own_o side_n and_o true_o there_o be_v but_o little_a difference_n either_o in_o respect_n of_o assistance_n to_o his_o party_n or_o safety_n to_o himself_o between_o a_o man_n be_v kill_v by_o a_o musquet-shot_a by_o the_o want_n of_o his_o boisterous_a arm_n and_o his_o be_v overthrow_v and_o torture_v to_o death_n by_o have_v they_o upon_o he_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o such_o kind_n of_o arm_n as_o be_v defensible_a against_o the_o sword_n the_o push_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o the_o force_n of_o a_o pistol-shot_n may_v be_v useful_o bear_v and_o i_o make_v it_o a_o quere_z whether_o this_o may_v not_o be_v do_v as_o well_o by_o a_o good_a buffcoat_n or_o at_o the_o least_o by_o those_o quilt_a jack_n in_o my_o opinion_n improvident_o leave_v off_o of_o late_a use_v by_o our_o old_a brave_a english_a archer_n as_o by_o any_o iron_n armour_n whatsoever_o for_o these_o when_o they_o be_v not_o pierceable_a be_v not_o wearable_a and_o when_o pierceable_a make_v the_o wound_n incurable_a for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o the_o iron_n of_o the_o armour_n carry_v into_o the_o body_n before_o the_o bullet_n and_o certain_o unless_o we_o will_v fall_v out_o with_o most_o of_o the_o ancient_n in_o point_n of_o credit_n it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o they_o have_v the_o use_n of_o certain_a linen_n arm_n of_o excellent_a proof_n and_o use_n and_o justus_n lipsius_n lib._n 8._o dial_n 6._o out_o of_o nicetus_n his_o chronicle_n thus_o describe_v one_o of_o they_o conradus_n say_v he_o fight_v without_o a_o target_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o a_o cuirass_n he_o have_v a_o weave_a weed_n make_v of_o flax_n soak_v in_o sour_a wine_n well_o salt_v withal_o and_o often_o fold_v it_o be_v so_o sure_a against_o outward_a force_n be_v thus_o full_v salt_v and_o fold_v that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v pierce_v with_o iron_n or_o steel_n pliny_n hist_o nat._n l._n 8._o c._n 48._o also_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o like_a and_o caesar_n de_n bel._n civ_o l._n 3._o have_v somewhat_o to_o this_o purpose_n and_o true_o it_o be_v much_o to_o be_v pity_v that_o this_o invention_n have_v be_v lose_v to_o our_o age_n the_o next_o weapon_n defensive_a especial_o against_o horse_n be_v that_o of_o the_o pike_n of_o which_o the_o most_o considerable_a be_v the_o length_n touch_v which_o it_o be_v general_o hold_v that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v short_a than_o eight_o cubit_n which_o make_v twelve_o foot_n some_o pike_n among_o the_o ancient_n have_v be_v find_v sixteen_o foot_n in_o length_n witness_n polyenus_n lib._n 2._o in_o cleon._n sect._n 2._o where_o he_o say_v that_o cleonymus_n besiege_v edessa_n and_o have_v overthrow_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n the_o pikeman_n say_v he_o sally_v out_o who_o pike_n be_v sixteen_o cubit_n in_o length_n and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o short_a pike_n be_v great_o disadvantage_v have_v to_o do_v with_o such_o as_o over-lengthen_a they_o for_o with_o a_o long_a pike_n a_o man_n be_v able_a to_o strike_v and_o kill_v his_o enemy_n and_o himself_o not_o be_v touch_v and_o hereof_o patricius_n parel_n part_n 2._o l._n 3._o c._n 8._o give_v we_o a_o example_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o sorano_n where_o vitellozze_n vitelli_n discomfit_v the_o almains_n only_a with_o the_o advantage_n of_o pike_n he_o say_v the_o story_n be_v a_o arm_n length_n long_o than_o those_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o at_o our_o be_v at_o the_o island_n of_o rey_n after_o the_o enemy_n horse_n at_o our_o first_o land_n charge_v furious_o french-like_a be_v most_o of_o they_o slay_v in_o the_o place_n by_o our_o foot_n and_o their_o body_n of_o pike_n come_v up_o to_o the_o push_n of_o we_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o our_o pike_n be_v long_o than_o they_o and_o this_o be_v think_v to_o be_v one_o main_a cause_n of_o our_o so_o sudden_a and_o through_o rout_v of_o they_o nevertheless_o in_o my_o opinion_n a_o consideration_n be_v to_o be_v have_v that_o no_o pike_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v overlong_a lest_o they_o both_o exceed_v the_o measure_n of_o his_o strength_n and_o management_n that_o be_v to_o use_v they_o and_o by_o their_o overlength_n do_v oversway_n themselves_o and_o so_o by_o hang_v crooked_a when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v do_v hinder_v both_o the_o force_n and_o certainty_n of_o their_o stroke_n i_o hold_v therefore_o that_o the_o proportionable_a and_o due_a length_n of_o a_o pike_n may_v be_v when_o the_o head_n of_o the_o pike_n of_o the_o four_o man_n in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o file_n be_v charge_v shall_v somewhat_o advance_v beyond_o the_o face_n and_o shoulder_n of_o the_o file-leader_n and_o the_o ordinary_a length_n now_o require_v in_o pike_n be_v fifteen_o foot_n be_v wellnear_o answerable_a hereunto_o as_o for_o the_o three-quarter-pike_n and_o half-pike_n they_o be_v serviceable_a and_o proper_a to_o be_v use_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o town_n and_o behind_o rampart_n brest-work_n and_o in_o trench_n but_o not_o so_o for_o service_n against_o horse_n and_o in_o campagnia_fw-la and_o thus_o far_o concern_v the_o weapon_n of_o defence_n proper_a for_o the_o body_n of_o men._n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o place_n and_o part_n fit_a for_o fortification_n we_o be_v now_o to_o give_v some_o advertisement_n concern_v the_o defence_n of_o town_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n touch_v the_o place_n and_o part_n fit_a for_o fortification_n now_o these_o be_v to_o be_v such_o by_o nature_n as_o may_v be_v make_v inexpugnable_a by_o art_n or_o at_o the_o least_o bring_v to_o the_o near_a term_n of_o be_v so_o of_o which_o kind_n be_v
in_o their_o sally_n and_o the_o one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n take_v out_o of_o these_o counter-approache_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v up_o towards_o the_o enemy_n work_v and_o the_o rest_n to_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o town_n for_o munition-earth_n as_o for_o sally_n whensoever_o they_o be_v to_o be_v practise_v by_o night_n a_o sure_a course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o intelligence_n be_v get_v how_o the_o enemy_n be_v lodge_v that_o they_o may_v be_v bring_v on_o according_o if_o they_o be_v to_o be_v make_v by_o day_n it_o must_v always_o be_v do_v upon_o a_o sure_a advantage_n and_o a_o strict_a injunction_n that_o they_o pass_v not_o beyond_o the_o distance_n of_o a_o reserve_v to_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o town_n and_o thus_o by_o these_o sally_n discreet_o make_v the_o carry_v of_o gallery_n and_o traverse_n intend_v by_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v hinder_v from_o be_v bring_v over_o the_o ditch_n and_o the_o like_a may_v also_o be_v do_v by_o countermine_n if_o the_o ditch_n be_v dry_a and_o by_o throw_v into_o it_o combustible_a matter_n as_o firework_n and_o the_o like_a and_o if_o the_o ditch_n be_v wet_a provision_n must_v be_v make_v of_o boat_n and_o float_v for_o the_o better_a conduction_n of_o these_o sally_n whensoever_o they_o be_v make_v and_o these_o be_v the_o course_n of_o protraction_n those_o of_o frustration_n be_v perform_v either_o by_o make_v void_a the_o enemy_n battery_n or_o his_o mine_n or_o his_o assault_n his_o battery_n may_v be_v make_v void_a either_o by_o a_o counterbatterie_n which_o may_v dismount_v his_o gun_n spoil_v their_o carriage_n or_o ruin_v their_o gabion_n or_o by_o a_o repair_n of_o the_o breach_n make_v by_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n to_o which_o end_n store_n of_o timber_n pale_n faggot_n hurdle_n and_o munition-earth_n be_v to_o be_v provide_v or_o by_o carry_v the_o earth_n into_o the_o town_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o battery_n that_o it_o remain_v not_o either_o in_o the_o ditch_n or_o increase_v the_o scarp_n the_o enemy_n mine_n may_v be_v frustrate_v either_o by_o countermine_n or_o by_o battery_n from_o the_o opposite_a flank_n or_o by_o wet_n of_o the_o powder_n in_o the_o bed_n of_o the_o mine_n or_o by_o give_v vent_n unto_o the_o mine_n and_o either_o of_o these_o may_v be_v do_v when_o the_o place_n of_o the_o mine_n be_v discover_v and_o it_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o use_n of_o a_o long_o pierce_a such_o as_o be_v common_o use_v in_o the_o prove_v and_o search_n after_o cole-mine_n the_o enemy_n assault_n though_o they_o can_v be_v absolute_o restrain_v yet_o may_v be_v sustain_v either_o by_o the_o cannon_n secure_v in_o flank_n and_o full_o regarding_a the_o breach_n be_v continual_o well_o ply_v during_o the_o whole_a time_n of_o the_o assault_n or_o by_o a_o counter-mure_n who_o platform_n ought_v to_o be_v straight_o and_o the_o flank_n so_o contrive_v that_o one_o may_v not_o endamage_v the_o other_o or_o by_o mine_n as_o well_o in_o the_o ditch_n as_o platform_n of_o the_o counter-mure_n and_o which_o may_v be_v cover_v with_o board_n full_a of_o nail_n or_o by_o continual_a throw_v of_o granade_n stone_n timber_n artificial_a fire_n and_o the_o like_a combustible_a matter_n and_o if_o any_o place_n of_o strength_n as_o town_n or_o fort_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v so_o assault_v and_o storm_v as_o that_o neither_o hope_n of_o any_o inward_a defence_n remain_v nor_o hope_v of_o quarter_n in_o this_o desperate_a condition_n if_o a_o sally_n be_v make_v out_o of_o divers_a port_n at_o once_o and_o that_o unexpected_o and_o thorough_o bring_v on_o and_o well_o follow_v it_o have_v be_v find_v not_o only_o to_o mitigate_v the_o heat_n and_o violence_n of_o the_o assault_n and_o control_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o better_a to_o obtain_v reasonable_a and_o soldierlike_a condition_n and_o quarter_n but_o also_o quite_o to_o alter_v the_o face_n of_o the_o day_n and_o absolute_o to_o occasion_v the_o quit_n of_o the_o siege_n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v a_o punctual_a example_n from_o caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n where_o sergius_n galba_n be_v send_v to_o make_v good_a a_o certain_a passage_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n resolve_v to_o winter_n in_o the_o part_n be_v sudden_o besiege_v and_o assault_v in_o his_o stand_a camp_n by_o the_o native_a inhabitant_n and_o be_v so_o over-pressed_n with_o multitude_n that_o no_o hope_n of_o long_a defence_n remain_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o caius_n volusenus_n the_o besiege_a roman_n break_v out_o through_o all_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o assault_v camp_n on_o such_o a_o sudden_a and_o with_o such_o a_o courage_n and_o alacrity_n that_o they_o give_v the_o assail_a enemy_n no_o leisure_n to_o consider_v of_o what_o be_v do_v nor_o to_o satisfy_v their_o judgement_n and_o apprehension_n upon_o so_o unexpected_a a_o motion_n so_o that_o the_o face_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v sudden_o change_v the_o roman_n say_v the_o story_n find_v the_o mean_n to_o slay_v more_o than_o the_o three_o part_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n and_o absolute_o rout_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o if_o a_o garrison_n or_o army_n be_v besiege_v in_o a_o haven-town_n the_o port_n be_v open_a to_o seaward_o shall_v be_v so_o force_v upon_o by_o a_o over-potent_a enemy_n as_o that_o the_o place_n must_v needs_o be_v forsake_v the_o safe_a course_n to_o do_v this_o consist_v in_o some_o work_n to_o be_v make_v within_o the_o town_n and_o these_o work_n may_v be_v of_o three_o sort_n either_o by_o mure_v and_o barricado_n up_o the_o entrance_n and_o end_n of_o the_o street_n and_o lane_n which_o may_v give_v access_n to_o the_o enemy_n or_o by_o sink_v some_o ditch_n or_o trench_n across_o those_o way_n and_o passage_n which_o may_v also_o be_v stick_v full_a of_o sharp_a stake_n and_o calthrop_n cover_v and_o shadow_v over_o with_o light_n and_o thin_a hurdle_n that_o the_o assail_a enemy_n may_v not_o heed_v they_o or_o to_o hedge_v in_o all_o such_o avenue_n as_o lead_v unto_o the_o port_n with_o a_o strong_a pallizado_n as_o for_o the_o course_n of_o conveyance_n of_o the_o soldier_n out_o of_o the_o town_n to_o shipboard_n it_o must_v be_v carry_v with_o as_o little_a show_n of_o fear_n as_o may_v be_v and_o by_o the_o stay_n and_o show_v of_o some_o of_o the_o light_a arm_a man_n here_o and_o there_o upon_o the_o wall_n and_o bulwork_n to_o make_v a_o semblance_n of_o a_o long_o hold_v out_o of_o the_o place_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n may_v take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o least_o intention_n of_o a_o retreat_n and_o these_o last_o reserve_n of_o man_n be_v to_o be_v call_v off_o upon_o the_o give_n of_o a_o word_n after_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n be_v embark_v without_o noise_n or_o tumult_n and_o of_o this_o also_o we_o find_v a_o precedent_n during_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n who_o be_v besiege_v by_o caesar_n in_o brundisium_n punctual_o practise_v this_o course_n and_o safe_o ship_v all_o the_o remainder_n of_o his_o force_n into_o greece_n where_o most_o of_o his_o legion_n be_v before_o and_o this_o he_o do_v without_o loss_n or_o trouble_n although_o caesar_n do_v his_o best_a to_o prevent_v it_o and_o sure_o have_v we_o do_v the_o like_a at_o the_o isse_fw-la of_o rey_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n ship_v our_o man_n at_o the_o town_n of_o st._n martin_n and_o not_o march_v over_o into_o the_o small_a island_n of_o loiz_n by_o land_n in_o all_o likelihood_n we_o have_v escape_v that_o blow_n and_o have_v come_v more_o fair_o off_o in_o that_o our_o unlucky_a descent_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o expugnation_n of_o fort_n how_o by_o a_o escalade_n either_o in_o the_o night_n or_o day_n the_o bridge_n for_o a_o escalade_n how_o order_v of_o surprise_v by_o the_o use_n of_o petard_n of_o approach_n upon_o a_o besiege_a town_n of_o gallery_n use_v in_o sieges_n batteries_n how_o to_o be_v make_v and_o preserve_v and_o thus_o have_v speak_v somewhat_o of_o all_o the_o way_n and_o practice_n defensive_a in_o a_o war_n we_o shall_v now_o do_v the_o same_o touch_v the_o course_n of_o offence_n and_o first_o of_o all_o this_o aught_o to_o be_v receive_v as_o a_o maxim_n that_o whosoever_o intend_v to_o expugn_v any_o place_n whatsoever_o be_v to_o be_v at_o that_o present_a in_o that_o part_n master_n of_o the_o field_n he_o ought_v also_o to_o be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o situation_n strength_n and_o provision_n of_o all_o kind_n wherewith_o the_o place_n he_o mean_v to_o besiege_v be_v furnish_v as_o in_o particular_a with_o what_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n and_o how_o many_o with_o what_o quantity_n of_o provision_n as_o well_o for_o defence_n as_o in_o point_n of_o victual_n a_o
to_o be_v mount_v and_o last_o of_o all_o port_n be_v to_o be_v cut_v through_o the_o natural_a earth_n to_o a_o sufficiency_n of_o largeness_n depth_n and_o height_n through_o which_o the_o ordnance_n be_v to_o play_v and_o this_o be_v a_o work_n so_o assure_v as_o not_o to_o be_v annoy_v or_o endanger_v from_o any_o part_n of_o the_o town_n wall_n if_o the_o earth_n be_v firm_a and_o solid_a as_o for_o the_o gun_n proper_a for_o a_o main_a battery_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o number_n as_o kind_n they_o may_v be_v thus_o repartit_v eight_o cannon_n six_o demy-cannon_n and_o four_o quart_n du_fw-fr cannon_n or_o culverin_n touch_v the_o distance_n they_o be_v to_o be_v lodge_v in_o from_o the_o part_n to_o be_v batter_v we_o have_v speak_v before_o as_o concern_v the_o order_n of_o these_o eighteen_o piece_n upon_o the_o battery_n the_o cannon_n be_v to_o be_v plant_v in_o one_o comrade_n and_o to_o beat_v and_o batter_v in_o angle_n right_a against_o the_o curtain_n the_o six_o demy-canon_n to_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o comrade_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o cannon_n three_o and_o to_o beat_v in_o traverse_n the_o four_o culverin_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v for_o defence_n and_o to_o play_v upon_o the_o enemy_n piece_n that_o shall_v be_v find_v in_o flanker_n of_o the_o curtain_n from_o the_o bulwork_n for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a as_o aforesaid_a that_o where_o battery_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v against_o fort_n and_o small_a town_n where_o the_o bulwork_n be_v near_o one_o unto_o another_o it_o be_v better_a to_o batter_v upon_o the_o bulwork_n than_o the_o curtain_n yet_o against_o fortify_v place_n of_o large_a extent_n where_o the_o bastion_n or_o bulwork_n be_v far_o remove_v it_o be_v more_o advantageous_a to_o beat_v upon_o the_o curtain_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o bulwork_n be_v better_o furnish_v then_o those_o curtain_n can_v be_v and_o beside_o the_o enemy_n may_v better_o entrench_v himself_o within_o the_o bastion_n then_o within_o the_o curtain_n neither_o can_v the_o bulwork_n in_o large_a piece_n of_o fortification_n bring_v any_o extraordinary_a damage_n at_o a_o assault_n by_o flank_v of_o the_o curtain_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o on_o the_o contrary_a true_a it_o be_v that_o in_o batteries_n make_v against_o castle_n or_o fort_n it_o be_v safe_a to_o batter_v upon_o the_o bulwork_n for_o here_o the_o bastion_n be_v so_o neighbour_a and_o flank_n with_o so_o main_a a_o force_n upon_o the_o curtain_n that_o a_o assault_n can_v be_v give_v without_o a_o extraordinary_a carnage_n and_o much_o loss_n of_o men._n and_o when_o the_o battery_n be_v thus_o upon_o the_o bastion_n the_o same_o piece_n be_v so_o to_o play_v and_o batter_v in_o cavalier_n or_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulwark_n as_o they_o do_v before_o upon_o the_o curtain_n chap._n xvi_o a_o besiege_v army_n how_o to_o defend_v itself_o president_n hereof_o ancient_a and_o modern_a observation_n upon_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o borse_n have_v go_v thus_o far_o in_o this_o way_n by_o the_o way_n of_o offence_n we_o shall_v now_o in_o this_o chapter_n give_v some_o advertisement_n how_o a_o besiege_v army_n be_v to_o defend_v itself_o when_o it_o expect_v to_o be_v assault_v by_o at_o enemy_n a_o friend_n to_o the_o place_n besiege_v and_o perhaps_o master_n of_o the_o field_n which_o have_v befall_v both_o ancient_o and_o modern_o and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o case_n of_o much_o danger_n yet_o have_v some_o expert_a and_o wise_a commander_n provide_v for_o themselves_o and_o their_o army_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o both_o the_o rule_n and_o practice_n conduce_v hereunto_o have_v be_v these_o to_o entrench_v so_o sufficient_o against_o the_o town_n besiege_v that_o no_o eruption_n or_o sally_n may_v be_v make_v upon_o they_o out_o of_o the_o town_n to_o any_o considerable_a loss_n or_o danger_n that_o all_o the_o quarter_n be_v so_o well_o fortify_v in_o their_o outwork_n that_o neither_o horse_n nor_o foot_n from_o abroad_o may_v make_v any_o assault_n upon_o they_o but_o with_o infinite_a disadvantage_n and_o hazard_n that_o a_o most_o especial_a care_n be_v take_v that_o the_o besiege_v army_n be_v so_o lodge_v and_o encamp_v that_o by_o some_o command_a passage_n it_o may_v be_v certain_o and_o sufficient_o supply_v with_o victual_n either_o from_o some_o of_o their_o own_o neighbour_a part_n or_o some_o other_o country_n to_o friend_n and_o withal_o that_o the_o circumjacent_a country_n through_o which_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v to_o approach_v be_v as_o much_o as_o possible_o may_v be_v harry_v and_o waste_v beforehand_o that_o so_o it_o may_v either_o not_o be_v able_a to_o victual_v it_o at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o very_o spare_o and_o that_o with_o much_o hazard_n and_o loss_n and_o of_o this_o because_o precedent_n work_v much_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o three_o the_o one_o ancient_a take_v out_o of_o polybius_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n which_o be_v act_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o capua_n before_o which_o the_o roman_a consul_n appius_n be_v set_v down_o hannibal_n seek_v to_o remove_v he_o and_o be_v by_o far_a master_n of_o the_o field_n enclose_v the_o roman_a besiege_v army_n between_o himself_o and_o the_o town_n besiege_v and_o find_v no_o possibility_n of_o force_v the_o consul_n in_o his_o trench_n he_o practise_v to_o draw_v he_o out_o to_o some_o skirmish_n but_o fail_v in_o both_o and_o weary_v with_o many_o urge_v inconvenience_n he_o be_v thus_o force_v to_o march_v off_o and_o leave_v he_o before_o the_o town_n by_o reason_n say_v the_o author_n that_o the_o roman_n have_v both_o sufficient_o victual_v themselves_o beforehand_o and_o provident_o so_o waste_v the_o country_n round_o about_o before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n that_o when_o they_o be_v come_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o abide_v it_o through_o the_o want_n of_o victual_n and_o especial_o forage_v for_o their_o horse_n the_o marquis_n spinola_n preserve_v himself_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n at_o his_o siege_n of_o breda_n but_o beyond_o all_o other_o we_o have_v a_o singular_a precedent_n to_o this_o purpose_n in_o the_o last_o siege_n of_o the_o borse_n when_o that_o town_n be_v take_v in_o by_o the_o unite_a state_n in_o their_o stupendous_a work_n in_o the_o outward_a entrenchment_n which_o be_v no_o less_o in_o circuit_n then_o a_o good_a day_n journey_n every_o where_o fortify_v with_o horn-work_n half_a moon_n battery_n and_o the_o like_a in_o their_o divert_v of_o a_o river_n from_o its_o natural_a course_n so_o that_o the_o besiege_a town_n be_v not_o only_o deprive_v of_o necessary_a water_n but_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n deep_o drown_v whereby_o the_o enemy_n may_v have_v a_o access_n to_o relieve_v it_o in_o that_o to_o prevent_v a_o relief_n to_o the_o town_n by_o boat_n there_o be_v raise_v a_o firm_a causey_n of_o three_o mile_n in_o length_n through_o so_o washy_a a_o place_n that_o it_o be_v little_o less_o than_o a_o lake_n the_o which_o causey_n be_v broad_a enough_o for_o two_o cart_n to_o meet_v and_o pass_v by_o one_o another_o with_o foot-path_n beside_o on_o each_o side_n and_o every_o where_o strengthen_v with_o sconce_n battery_n and_o horn-work_n all_o of_o earth_n and_o last_o in_o that_o which_o make_v it_o full_a of_o wonder_n this_o world_n of_o earth_n and_o faggot_n be_v bring_v in_o boat_n from_o a_o part_n at_o the_o least_o two_o or_o three_o mile_n distant_a and_o yet_o all_o these_o be_v the_o work_v only_o as_o one_o may_v say_v without_o door_n as_o for_o those_o within_o they_o be_v the_o particular_a brest-work_n and_o the_o strengthen_n of_o every_o quarter_n the_o trench_n that_o first_o lead_v to_o the_o enemy_n sconce_n without_o the_o town_n and_o after_o they_o be_v take_v in_o carry_v to_o the_o townditch_n the_o gallery_n that_o be_v lay_v over_o the_o ditch_n and_o the_o mine_n which_o be_v bring_v under_o the_o wall_n so_o that_o although_o the_o enemy_n march_v towards_o we_o with_o a_o very_a potent_a army_n and_o every_o way_n very_o well_o provide_v yet_o dare_v he_o not_o indeed_o can_v not_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o any_o purpose_n save_v only_o look_v upon_o we_o as_o we_o lie_v in_o our_o work_n but_o be_v force_v to_o let_v fall_v that_o important_a piece_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o a_o enemy_n that_o well_o know_v both_o how_o to_o keep_v it_o and_o make_v use_n of_o it_o chap._n xvii_o of_o powder_n touch_v the_o choice_n and_o keep_n of_o magazine_n of_o powder_n how_o to_o be_v safe_o lodge_v victual_n how_o to_o be_v conduct_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o prime_a conductor_n of_o the_o victualler_n or_o suckler_n and_o thus_o far_o we_o have_v touch_v upon_o the_o most_o of_o the_o material_a piece_n belong_v
to_o the_o first_o requirable_a in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o war_n and_o that_o be_v munition_n it_o remain_v to_o take_v some_o notice_n of_o powder_n and_o victual_v and_o so_o to_o end_v this_o our_o first_o book_n and_o first_o concern_v powder_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v only_o speak_v of_o the_o choice_n of_o it_o and_o the_o lodging_n of_o it_o when_o it_o be_v get_v for_o the_o choice_n of_o it_o or_o the_o trial_n of_o it_o that_o powder_n which_o be_v lay_v upon_o a_o smooth_a stone_n or_o plank_n or_o the_o like_a have_v fire_n give_v unto_o it_o do_v mount_v upward_o with_o a_o clear_a fire_n and_o flame_n without_o much_o smoke_n and_o without_o leave_v any_o soil_n or_o mark_v upon_o the_o stone_n or_o plank_n may_v be_v receive_v for_o good_a powder_n on_o the_o contrary_a if_o upon_o the_o fire_n there_o remain_v any_o moist_a white_a substance_n somewhat_o bluish_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o brimstone_n be_v not_o sufficient_o purify_v wherewith_o that_o powder_n be_v mix_v if_o there_o remain_v any_o grain_n of_o a_o earthly_a colour_n it_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o it_o be_v not_o well_o ground_v nor_o cleanse_v if_o there_o be_v whitish_a grain_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v too_o salt_n and_o neither_o well_o ground_v nor_o purify_v if_o there_o be_v see_v any_o red_a or_o tawnyish_a grain_n it_o be_v a_o token_n that_o the_o coal_n be_v not_o well_o prepare_v if_o powder_n some_o small_a quantity_n be_v lay_v upon_o one_o hand_n and_o there_o fire_v offend_v not_o the_o hand_n at_o all_o or_o very_o little_a but_o result_v with_o a_o small_a noise_n or_o puff_n it_o be_v a_o singular_a sign_n of_o excellent_a good_a powder_n as_o for_o the_o way_n of_o trial_n without_o fire_n if_o powder_n be_v bite_v by_o one_o tooth_n taste_v moderate_o salt_n it_o be_v a_o tolerable_a token_n of_o its_o goodness_n if_o it_o be_v of_o colour_n not_o over-black_a nor_o obscure_a but_o somewhat_o tend_v to_o a_o red_a it_o be_v a_o very_a good_a evidence_n of_o good_a powder_n as_o touch_v the_o safe_a lay_n of_o it_o up_o it_o be_v a_o most-necessary_a providence_n for_o the_o order_n of_o powder_n for_o the_o use_n of_o a_o army_n in_o action_n that_o it_o be_v dispose_v into_o two_o or_o three_o several_a place_n and_o many_o magazine_n the_o better_a to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n as_o well_o of_o casual_a fire_n as_o treason_n and_o the_o enemy_n surprise_v and_o for_o the_o safe_a keep_n and_o certain_a security_n of_o it_o in_o town_n and_o especial_o where_o mighty_a magazine_n be_v to_o be_v provide_v it_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o a_o wise_a republic_n to_o lay_v up_o the_o several_a material_n and_o ingredient_n in_o several_a parcel_n as_o the_o salt-peter_n by_o itself_o the_o brimstone_n by_o itself_o and_o the_o coal_n by_o itself_o the_o which_o upon_o all_o occasion_n may_v sudden_o be_v fit_v for_o present_a use_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n all_o the_o hazard_n and_o mischief_n that_o may_v otherwise_o ensue_v be_v absolute_o prevent_v and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o particular_a of_o powder_n as_o for_o that_o of_o victual_n it_o be_v obvious_a to_o every_o judgement_n that_o it_o must_v be_v provide_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o march_n and_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n that_o the_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o i_o shall_v therefore_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o course_n of_o conduct_v it_o and_o of_o those_o kind_n of_o people_n that_o be_v to_o sell_v it_o term_v suckler_n for_o the_o order_n of_o conduction_n of_o victual_n to_o or_o for_o a_o army_n especial_o when_o there_o be_v peril_n of_o be_v charge_v by_o a_o enemy_n upon_o the_o way_n command_n be_v to_o be_v give_v that_o all_o the_o disorder_a multitude_n of_o carriage_n and_o wagon_n wherein_o the_o victual_n and_o the_o like_a baggage_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v be_v put_v in_o equipage_n either_o before_o day_n or_o very_o early_a in_o the_o morning_n of_o that_o day_n wherein_o they_o be_v to_o march_v and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n some_o troop_n of_o horse_n be_v to_o be_v send_v out_o to_o discover_v upon_o all_o the_o advennes_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o for_o the_o better_a safeguard_n the_o artillery_n appoint_v for_o their_o guard_n may_v be_v useful_o place_v both_o in_o the_o van_n of_o these_o carriage_n and_o in_o their_o rear_n and_o that_o not_o only_o to_o beat_v upon_o the_o enemy_n if_o he_o shall_v approach_v by_o any_o of_o those_o way_n but_o by_o their_o thunder_a to_o give_v notice_n which_o way_n the_o enemy_n come_v that_o so_o the_o soldier_n may_v take_v a_o general_a alarm_n and_o according_a to_o former_a direction_n repair_v to_o the_o part_n that_o shall_v most_o require_v assistance_n both_o side_n of_o the_o way_n also_o where_o the_o cart_n of_o provision_n be_v to_o pass_v be_v to_o be_v guard_v with_o loose_a wing_n of_o horse_n and_o with_o they_o some_o number_n of_o musqueteer_n may_v be_v advantageous_o intermix_v and_o the_o best_a of_o the_o horse_n may_v bring_v up_o the_o rear_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n may_v the_o carriage_n march_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v any_o charge_n diligence_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v use_v that_o such_o way_n of_o march_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v be_v make_v choice_n of_o as_o be_v least_o subject_n to_o ambushment_n and_o that_o whensoever_o they_o be_v to_o come_v to_o blow_n it_o may_v be_v in_o place_n of_o advantage_n to_o which_o end_n either_o altes_n be_v to_o be_v make_v or_o a_o quick_a march_n to_o be_v practise_v as_o cause_n require_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n also_o good_a use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o wagon_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o trench_n draw_v the_o soldier_n within_o they_o when_o a_o desperate_a charge_n be_v attempt_v by_o the_o enemy_n as_o for_o the_o prime_a conductor_n of_o these_o victualler_n and_o victual_n he_o be_v to_o be_v the_o first_o man_n out_o of_o the_o quarter_n when_o these_o troop_n be_v to_o march_v and_o to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o they_o all_o and_o to_o hasten_v they_o forward_o and_o when_o they_o be_v wellnear_o all_o pass_v by_o he_o be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o though_o now_o and_o then_o he_o may_v advance_v before_o into_o such_o part_n as_o he_o conceive_v may_o most_o require_v his_o presence_n but_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o last_o man_n that_o take_v up_o his_o quarter_n he_o be_v also_o to_o observe_v that_o all_o the_o carriage_n and_o the_o soldier_n of_o that_o guard_n be_v quarter_v before_o the_o dark_a of_o the_o night_n that_o so_o while_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o daylight_n he_o may_v ride_v round_o about_o the_o quarter_n to_o see_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v sure_a care_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v have_v if_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v that_o intelligence_n be_v get_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n peasant_n as_o well_o of_o the_o way_n as_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o as_o well_o for_o conveniency_n as_o safety_n to_o which_o end_n all_o bridge_n and_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v know_v possess_v and_o guard_v spy_v also_o be_v continual_o to_o be_v employ_v to_o gain_v knowledge_n and_o to_o give_v notice_n of_o the_o enemy_n design_n and_o sentinel_n in_o the_o nighttime_n to_o be_v place_v upon_o all_o avenue_n and_o if_o a_o extraordinary_a strength_n be_v expect_v to_o assault_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o raise_v some_o redoubt_n and_o fort_n upon_o the_o way_n and_o passage_n and_o upon_o all_o place_n where_o a_o enemy_n may_v opportune_o give_v on_o touch_v the_o victualler_n or_o suckler_n and_o merchant_n and_o artificer_n which_o follow_v a_o army_n they_o be_v not_o any_o of_o they_o to_o bring_v any_o of_o their_o commodity_n or_o merchandise_n into_o the_o camp_n without_o licence_n from_o the_o general_n who_o be_v to_o command_v to_o have_v they_o well_o view_v lest_o their_o victual_n shall_v be_v corrupt_a and_o infect_v the_o soldier_n with_o sickness_n and_o their_o merchandise_n sophisticated_a and_o the_o soldier_n cheat_v and_o abuse_v nor_o be_v these_o man_n to_o sell_v any_o of_o their_o commodity_n but_o in_o that_o part_n and_o place_n where_o the_o quarter-master-general_n shall_v appoint_v lest_o disorder_n grow_v in_o the_o quarter_n nor_o there_o neither_o but_o at_o such_o time_n and_o at_o such_o a_o rate_n as_o shall_v be_v allow_v by_o the_o provost-marshall-general_n that_o so_o there_o may_v be_v no_o extortion_n upon_o the_o soldier_n and_o if_o any_o of_o these_o shall_v be_v find_v delinquent_n in_o any_o of_o these_o kind_n he_o be_v to_o incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o imprisonment_n and_o confiscation_n of_o his_o
army_n we_o shall_v therefore_o in_o this_o chapter_n and_o the_o next_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o great_a gun_n requirable_a for_o a_o army-royal_a together_o with_o their_o kind_n carriage_n cast_v number_n and_o choice_n and_o we_o will_v propound_v this_o army_n to_o consist_v of_o forty_o thousand_o man_n of_o which_o thirty_o four_o thousand_o to_o be_v foot_n and_o sixth_o housand_n horse_n which_o be_v a_o repartition_n that_o may_v hold_v proportion_n with_o all_o other_o number_n if_o reduce_v answerable_o as_o for_o the_o number_n therefore_o of_o great_a gun_n requirable_a for_o such_o a_o army_n in_o its_o march_n it_o have_v be_v regulate_v after_o much_o debate_n by_o some_o experiment_a commander_n that_o for_o every_o thousand_o of_o soldier_n there_o shall_v be_v allow_v one_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n and_o so_o for_o forty_o thousand_o man_n as_o here_o propound_v forty_o great_a gun_n but_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o find_v not_o how_o this_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o any_o certainty_n for_o who_o know_v not_o but_o that_o several_a occasion_n different_a way_n and_o particular_a accident_n may_v and_o must_v alter_v the_o proportion_n so_o that_o herein_o no_o other_o law_n or_o rule_n can_v be_v precise_o prescribe_v then_o what_o opportunity_n offer_v and_o necessity_n urge_v nevertheless_o if_o i_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o it_o to_o set_v down_o a_o strict_a and_o precise_a number_n of_o great_a gun_n for_o a_o army_n of_o forty_o thousand_o man_n i_o will_v soon_o propound_v thirty_o piece_n then_o forty_o and_o my_o reason_n be_v first_o in_o that_o thirty_o great_a gun_n dispone_v and_o well_o order_v at_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o army_n front_n shall_v sufficient_o serve_v upon_o all_o approach_n of_o a_o enemy_n either_o while_o the_o army_n march_v or_o when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o a_o fight_n second_o in_o that_o these_o thirty_o piece_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a also_o due_o choose_v for_o the_o besiege_n and_o batter_v of_o any_o place_n though_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o constraint_n of_o raise_v two_o battery_n have_v each_o of_o they_o three_o comrade_n in_o six_o mount_n and_o last_o in_o that_o by_o thus_o lessen_v the_o number_n of_o the_o great_a gun_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v there_o may_v withal_o be_v a_o lessen_v of_o the_o number_n and_o train_n due_a unto_o they_o with_o the_o expense_n for_o the_o furniture_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o draught-horse_n and_o their_o forage_v together_o with_o the_o like_a rest_n of_o the_o unavoidable_a pressure_n touch_v the_o kind_n of_o such_o great_a gun_n as_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o answer_v all_o the_o occasion_n of_o a_o army-royal_a they_o be_v in_o my_o opinion_n to_o be_v cannon_n of_o battery_n demy-canon_n those_o call_v by_o the_o french_a quart_n du_fw-fr cannon_n culverin_n and_o field-piece_n thus_o to_o be_v repartit_v of_o the_o cannon_n nine_o of_o the_o demy-cannon_n eight_o of_o the_o culverin_n or_o quart_n du_fw-fr cannon_n six_o and_o of_o the_o field-piece_n seven_o the_o cannon_n to_o be_v employ_v for_o battery_n only_o at_o assieges_n and_o the_o rest_n as_o well_o for_o the_o scour_n of_o the_o campagnia_fw-la on_o all_o side_n as_o to_o play_v upon_o all_o the_o avenue_n of_o the_o enemy_n when_o they_o come_v near_o and_o beside_o be_v thus_o order_v into_o these_o kind_n they_o can_v be_v so_o overtopped_n in_o the_o largeness_n of_o their_o bore_n but_o that_o the_o enemy_n bullet_n send_v upon_o they_o may_v from_o some_o of_o these_o piece_n be_v return_v upon_o those_o that_o send_v they_o and_o hereby_o that_o scarcity_n and_o default_n of_o bullet_n supply_v which_o by_o many_o occasion_n and_o accident_n may_v befall_v the_o best_a provide_v army_n that_o be_v and_o a_o example_n of_o the_o neglect_n hereof_o and_o the_o ill_a that_o succeed_v upon_o it_o we_o have_v in_o the_o war_n between_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o the_o french_a king_n where_o the_o emperor_n get_v 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and_o in_o foul_a and_o uneven_a thirty_o and_o this_o be_v also_o when_o the_o cannon_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v in_o a_o wagon_n or_o cart_n for_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v carry_v in_o its_o proper_a carriage_n there_o be_v never_o less_o to_o be_v allow_v then_o thirty_o horse_n in_o the_o even_a and_o fair_a way_n for_o a_o demi-canon_n be_v to_o be_v provide_v fifteen_o horse_n at_o the_o few_o and_o seventeen_o in_o foul_a and_o hilly_a way_n for_o the_o culverin_n and_o the_o field-piece_n nine_o horse_n in_o fair_a way_n and_o ten_o in_o foul_a but_o withal_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o give_v this_o caution_n that_o for_o the_o cannon_n demi-canon_n and_o those_o heavy_a gun_n it_o be_v far_o more_o commodious_a and_o safe_a always_o to_o employ_v the_o long_a kind_n of_o wagon_n with_o lofty_a wheel_n then_o to_o have_v those_o piece_n draw_v mount_v in_o their_o proper_a carriage_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v that_o there_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o be_v so_o many_o horse_n for_o the_o draught_n of_o a_o great_a gun_n in_o a_o wagon_n as_o when_o it_o be_v in_o its_o carriage_n that_o the_o wagon_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o height_n of_o its_o wheel_n and_o its_o lightness_n be_v fit_a and_o better_a able_a to_o pass_v through_o all_o foul_a sandy_a moorish_a and_o moist_a way_n than_o the_o carriage_n can_v possible_o be_v that_o these_o kind_n of_o long_a wagon_n be_v not_o only_o commodious_a for_o the_o portage_n of_o the_o great_a gun_n but_o if_o need_v require_v for_o the_o conveyance_n also_o of_o many_o piece_n of_o timber_n for_o the_o build_n of_o bridge_n and_o the_o carriage_n of_o they_o or_o any_o other_o the_o like_a occasion_n and_o beside_o if_o a_o enemy_n shall_v attempt_v a_o assault_n or_o to_o give_v on_o upon_o any_o encampment_n these_o wagon_n may_v most_o apt_o and_o advantageous_o be_v use_v for_o the_o barricado_n of_o all_o avenue_n and_o surround_v of_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o camp_n and_o that_o on_o a_o sudden_a in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o slight_a trench_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n and_o especial_o the_o enemy_n horse_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o charge_v home_o but_o with_o great_a disadvantage_n and_o loss_n and_o if_o against_o this_o portage_n of_o these_o gun_n in_o wagon_n it_o shall_v be_v object_v that_o they_o can_v be_v so_o ready_o employ_v upon_o sudden_a alarm_n and_o onset_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o when_o they_o be_v draw_v in_o their_o own_o proper_a carriage_n it_o may_v be_v reply_v that_o all_o such_o sudden_a alarm_n may_v as_o well_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o lesser_a sort_n of_o gun_n which_o at_o all_o time_n may_v march_v in_o their_o own_o carriage_n as_o by_o the_o cannon_n and_o high_a piece_n for_o these_o perform_v the_o work_n as_o well_o afar_o off_o as_o the_o cannon_n do_v and_o beside_o whensoever_o the_o march_n of_o a_o army_n be_v due_o marshal_v and_o the_o avant-courier_n provident_o order_v a_o army_n can_v be_v so_o assault_v on_o a_o sudden_a but_o that_o intelligence_n may_v be_v get_v and_o a_o sufficiency_n of_o time_n find_v to_o mount_v and_o order_v these_o great_a piece_n upon_o their_o proper_a carriage_n out_o of_o the_o wagon_n by_o gin_n and_o the_o like_a engine_n which_o be_v constant_o to_o accompany_v they_o and_o so_o be_v bring_v timely_o enough_o to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o great_a division_n and_o with_o all_o freedom_n perform_v all_o execution_n upon_o the_o assail_a enemy_n and_o while_o this_o be_v in_o agitation_n the_o light_a and_o lesser_a piece_n carry_v mount_v upon_o their_o proper_a carriage_n may_v play_v at_o random_n and_o so_o retard_v amuse_n and_o annoy_v the_o assail_a enemy_n and_o gain_v time_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o kind_n number_n and_o portage_n of_o great_a gun_n fit_v and_o
to_o a_o great_a army_n march_v in_o good_a safety_n in_o all_o common_a passage_n and_o in_o a_o large_a and_o open_a country_n several_z and_z apart_z by_o itself_o and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o the_o train_n will_v hereby_o be_v over-lengthened_n it_o may_v be_v help_v by_o divide_v it_o into_o three_o part_n but_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o vanguard_n may_v take_v the_o right_a hand_n the_o battle_n the_o left_a equal_v the_o front_n with_o the_o van_n and_o the_o rearguard_n with_o the_o ordnance_n and_o their_o appurtenance_n to_o march_v betwixt_o they_o both_o and_o hereby_o also_o the_o whole_a train_n march_v the_o more_o close_v shall_v become_v the_o strong_a and_o ready_a and_o every_o man_n prepare_v to_o know_v and_o fall_v into_o his_o proper_a rank_n and_o place_n without_o the_o least_o confusion_n as_o for_o the_o conduction_n and_o order_n of_o the_o general_a carriage_n and_o baggage_n belong_v to_o a_o army_n when_o it_o be_v to_o march_v it_o have_v be_v find_v as_o well_o with_o the_o ancient_n as_o modern_n to_o be_v dispone_v in_o five_o several_a part_n as_o either_o before_o the_o army_n when_o there_o be_v a_o suspicion_n of_o the_o enemy_n charge_v in_o the_o rear_n or_o behind_o when_o the_o army_n be_v lead_v towards_o the_o enemy_n or_o on_o the_o one_o flank_n when_o there_o be_v a_o expectation_n to_o be_v charge_v on_o the_o other_o or_o in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o battle_n when_o a_o charge_n be_v look_v for_o on_o all_o side_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o order_n of_o a_o army_n in_o its_o march_v through_o a_o plain_a and_o champion_n country_n it_o remain_v to_o speak_v somewhat_o about_o the_o conduction_n of_o a_o army_n over_o river_n and_o the_o like_a in_o which_o case_n if_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o appearance_n or_o near_o unto_o the_o rear_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o pass_v over_o some_o six_o or_o eight_o piece_n of_o the_o small_a sort_n of_o ordnance_n and_o so_o to_o lodge_v they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n under_o good_a coverture_n that_o they_o may_v full_o discover_v and_o play_v upon_o that_o part_n whence_o the_o danger_n be_v expect_v but_o withal_o a_o large_a half_a moon_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v on_o the_o opposite_a side_n wherein_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o ordnance_n be_v so_o to_o lie_v mount_v that_o they_o may_v play_v upon_o all_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o withal_o flanker_n their_o friend_n and_o so_o favour_v they_o in_o their_o passage_n during_o the_o which_o interim_n those_o piece_n on_o the_o further_a side_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o continual_a play_n that_o so_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o without_o apparent_a hazard_n approach_v the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o suspicion_n of_o the_o enemy_n fall_v upon_o the_o very_a tail_n of_o the_o rear_n some_o small_a entrenchment_n be_v to_o be_v make_v wherein_o some_o small_a piece_n may_v be_v lodge_v and_o guard_v with_o a_o convenient_a number_n of_o musqueteer_n who_o be_v there_o to_o stay_v and_o make_v good_a the_o place_n until_o the_o army_n be_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n and_o then_o themselves_o be_v last_o of_o all_o to_o take_v their_o passage_n in_o the_o last_o boat_n under_o the_o favour_n of_o those_o gun_n plant_v at_o the_o first_o on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o the_o river_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n do_v that_o famous_a prince_n of_o parma_n make_v his_o passage_n with_o his_o army_n over_o the_o deep_a river_n wale_n when_o henry_n iv_o of_o france_n with_o his_o army_n follow_v he_o a_o long_a march_n in_o his_o rear_n thus_o i_o say_v may_v a_o army_n make_v his_o passage_n over_o a_o river_n with_o boat_n with_o good_a security_n though_o a_o army_n of_o enemy_n follow_v it_o in_o the_o rear_n but_o if_o a_o enemy_n lie_v on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o the_o river_n of_o purpose_n to_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o a_o army_n over_o it_o than_o that_o course_n be_v very_o approvable_a which_o in_o the_o like_a case_n be_v put_v in_o practice_n by_o that_o supereminent_a commander_n the_o king_n of_o swedeland_n when_o tilly_n be_v on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o the_o river_n to_o oppose_v he_o who_o to_o that_o purpose_n make_v choice_n of_o a_o point_n of_o land_n so_o make_v by_o the_o serpentine_a bend_n of_o the_o river_n that_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o bank_n whereof_o on_o the_o side_n where_o the_o king_n own_o army_n lay_v be_v a_o pike_n length_n high_o than_o be_v that_o on_o tilly_n side_n be_v also_o plain_a and_o without_o covert_n but_o the_o enemy_n side_n woodie_n and_o close_a upon_o this_o point_n the_o king_n cause_v a_o run_a trench_n to_o be_v cast_v up_o round_o about_o wherein_o musqueteer_n be_v so_o lodge_v that_o out_o of_o it_o they_o may_v with_o good_a security_n give_v fire_n into_o the_o opposite_a wood_n where_o tilly_n with_o his_o army_n lie_v in_o covert_n and_o the_o same_o 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harm_n great_a that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v receive_v by_o they_o but_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o we_o speak_v not_o here_o of_o the_o order_n of_o particular_a company_n by_o themselves_o but_o of_o small_a body_n make_v up_o of_o private_a company_n as_o cause_n shall_v require_v so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o army_n may_v be_v weaken_v by_o these_o accident_n of_o death_n or_o otherwise_o yet_o the_o division_n may_v stand_v fast_o and_o full_a though_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o there_o will_v be_v few_o division_n which_o make_v nothing_o against_o the_o order_n in_o general_n second_o these_o objector_n say_v that_o the_o mix_n of_o the_o shot_n and_o pike_n together_o in_o distinct_a company_n weaken_v and_o disable_v the_o whole_a body_n for_o say_v they_o by_o cast_v off_o the_o shot_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o interval_n and_o street_n be_v make_v so_o empty_a and_o wide_a that_o the_o enemy_n horse_n be_v enable_v to_o break_v in_o and_o disorder_v they_o and_o if_o the_o shot_n be_v not_o thus_o cast_v off_o but_o keep_v close_o and_o so_o make_v to_o discharge_v in_o countermarch_v they_o be_v hereby_o apt_a to_o be_v throng_v together_o by_o the_o pike_n and_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n be_v take_v from_o they_o the_o use_n of_o their_o weapon_n also_o must_v needs_o fail_v they_o and_o so_o all_o come_v to_o ruin_n but_o to_o this_o objection_n also_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o all_o this_o may_v be_v help_v by_o the_o unite_n of_o these_o body_n into_o one_o as_o shall_v be_v find_v necessary_a nor_o need_v these_o shot_n be_v so_o remove_v from_o their_o body_n of_o pike_n by_o any_o cast_n off_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v reunite_v with_o ease_n on_o a_o sudden_a nor_o shall_v they_o be_v throng_v by_o their_o pike_n or_o deprive_v of_o their_o distance_n of_o place_n because_o they_o shall_v not_o need_v hold_v this_o order_n to_o discharge_v at_o all_o in_o countermarch_v three_o and_o last_o it_o be_v object_v against_o this_o foresay_a order_n of_o embattel_v a_o army_n into_o small_a body_n that_o in_o what_o manner_n soever_o the_o shot_n be_v employ_v there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o weakness_n in_o the_o rear_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n horse_n may_v break_v in_o at_o pleasure_n but_o to_o this_o it_o be_v again_o reply_v that_o the_o unite_n of_o the_o small_a division_n be_v careful_o observe_v assure_v against_o all_o these_o assault_n and_o peril_n and_o that_o all_o these_o objection_n fall_v rather_o upon_o the_o embattel_v of_o a_o single_a regiment_n than_o the_o form_n of_o a_o battle_n or_o army_n make_v up_o of_o ten_o or_o twenty_o thousand_o man_n and_o thus_o
general_n be_v to_o be_v exceed_o circumspect_a and_o sure_a of_o some_o advantage_n also_o either_o by_o the_o place_n or_o his_o own_o virtue_n that_o shall_v adventure_v to_o do_v it_o if_o nevertheless_o necessity_n force_v hereunto_o it_o be_v a_o fit_a course_n for_o such_o a_o army_n to_o encamp_v and_o entrench_v itself_o round_o about_o some_o good_a town_n be_v to_o friend_n especial_o if_o that_o town_n be_v withal_o a_o place_n of_o a_o pass_n and_o by_o its_o situation_n and_o vicinity_n unto_o some_o other_o part_n in_o amity_n with_o it_o any_o other_o way_n advantageous_a for_o by_o this_o mean_v both_o the_o army_n and_o the_o town_n may_v be_v well_o secure_v and_o by_o the_o pass_n both_o of_o they_o continual_o supply_v with_o victual_n and_o munition_n as_o touch_v the_o fashion_n and_o form_n of_o the_o entrenchment_n to_o be_v practise_v in_o this_o case_n in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o ground_n and_o circumvallation_n of_o the_o utmost_a line_n be_v to_o be_v well_o view_v and_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v capable_a for_o the_o whole_a army_n to_o lodge_v in_o and_o all_o such_o high_a ground_n or_o hill_n as_o be_v any_o way_n near_o unto_o this_o circumvallation_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o and_o include_v to_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n from_o plant_v his_o cannon_n upon_o they_o and_o so_o to_o beat_v upon_o the_o leaguer_n or_o into_o the_o town_n these_o entrenchment_n also_o be_v to_o be_v convenient_o store_v with_o bastion_n and_o guard_v with_o flank_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o river_n pass_v through_o the_o part_n both_o side_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v command_v and_o well_o secure_v with_o fort_n or_o at_o the_o least_o bastion_n and_o if_o it_o may_v be_v the_o whole_a work_n to_o be_v join_v to_o some_o fort_n erect_v within_o the_o town_n itself_o or_o at_o the_o least_o some_o suburb_n thereof_o and_o all_o these_o to_o be_v well_o defend_v with_o halfmoon_n and_o horn-works_a the_o suburb_n themselves_o likewise_o especial_o those_o that_o lie_v most_o in_o the_o enemy_n way_n of_o approach_n be_v to_o be_v entrench_v and_o guard_v with_o some_o work_n answer_v one_o unto_o another_o and_o join_v one_o upon_o another_o the_o main_a highway_n also_o lead_v unto_o the_o town_n be_v to_o be_v secure_v by_o some_o fort_n and_o some_o battery_n to_o be_v erect_v here_o and_o there_o between_o they_o furnish_v with_o good_a ordnance_n to_o play_v upon_o all_o the_o avenue_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o for_o the_o graft_n or_o moat_n encompass_v the_o whole_a circumvallation_n of_o the_o trench_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v twelve_o foot_n in_o the_o breadth_n and_o eight_o in_o depth_n and_o at_o the_o head-works_a eighteen_o foot_n in_o wideness_n and_o twelve_o deep_a and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o encamp_n quartering_n and_o entrenchment_n of_o a_o army_n purposely_o omit_v the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o lodging_n a_o particular_a regiment_n which_o be_v only_o the_o diminutive_a of_o the_o other_o and_o after_o the_o common_a way_n common_o know_v and_o thus_o we_o conclude_v our_o second_o book_n a_o discourse_n of_o the_o requisite_n in_o make_v of_o a_o war_n by_o land_n book_n iii_o of_o discipline_n chap._n i._o of_o consideration_n to_o be_v take_v before_o the_o entrance_n into_o a_o war_n in_o point_n of_o strength_n treasure_n country_n ship_n also_o in_o point_n of_o confederation_n and_o the_o true_a justness_n of_o the_o war._n consideration_n to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o defensive_a war._n how_o a_o defensive_a war_n may_v be_v best-made_a and_o maintain_v we_o be_v in_o this_o three_o book_n according_a to_o our_o method_n propound_v at_o the_o first_o to_o give_v some_o animadversion_n about_o the_o three_o necessary_a requirable_a in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o war_n which_o consist_v of_o matter_n of_o counsel_n advice_n stratagem_n and_o martial_a court_n touch_v which_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o variety_n and_o the_o answerable_a dependent_n i_o shall_v only_o speak_v of_o such_o as_o may_v afford_v the_o most_o general_a use_n and_o be_v most_o proper_o draw_v into_o imitation_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o some_o consideration_n needful_a to_o be_v take_v before_o the_o war_n be_v enter_v upon_o the_o attempter_n of_o a_o war_n be_v therefore_o to_o deliberate_v concern_v both_o their_o own_o force_n and_o those_o they_o be_v to_o deal_v with_o they_o be_v diligent_o to_o inform_v themselves_o of_o their_o enemy_n treasure_n as_o well_o as_o their_o own_o how_o raise_v how_o maintain_v and_o chief_o they_o be_v to_o consult_v by_o what_o mean_v he_o may_v be_v deprive_v of_o they_o or_o of_o any_o part_n of_o they_o and_o thereby_o weaken_v in_o those_o main_a sinew_n of_o military_a strength_n the_o enemy_n militia_n as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v inquire_v into_o and_o herein_o notice_n be_v to_o be_v get_v not_o only_o of_o the_o number_n and_o value_n of_o his_o ship_n and_o boat_n but_o of_o his_o mariner_n and_o sea-commander_n and_o concern_v his_o land-force_n what_o number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n he_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v into_o the_o field_n how_o arm_v how_o discipline_v of_o what_o confidence_n and_o spirit_n and_o to_o what_o climate_n and_o country_n enure_v and_o how_o breed_v and_o bring_v up_o diligent_a and_o heedful_a inquiry_n be_v also_o to_o be_v make_v of_o what_o condition_n the_o enemy_n country_n be_v that_o be_v to_o be_v invade_v as_o whether_o it_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n by_o reason_n of_o wood_n mountams_n sea_n lake_n rivers_n marsh_n or_o artificial_o strong_a by_o fort_n castle_n and_o strong_a town_n of_o all_o which_o the_o number_n the_o site_n the_o quantity_n of_o munition_n the_o number_n of_o the_o defendant_n in_o every_o strength_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n or_o by_o art_n or_o by_o both_o or_o by_o neither_o be_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v to_o be_v know_v beforehand_o that_o so_o the_o preparation_n may_v be_v make_v according_o all_o these_o particular_a discovery_n be_v thorough_o make_v upon_o those_o who_o be_v to_o be_v invade_v no_o less_o diligence_n be_v to_o be_v use_v by_o the_o invader_n concern_v his_o own_o preparation_n and_o especial_o in_o monies_n munition_n and_o victual_v and_o he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v well_o provide_v in_o the_o point_n of_o victual_n when_o neither_o his_o army_n in_o the_o field_n need_v complain_v of_o scarcity_n nor_o his_o town_n and_o fort_n remain_v disfurnish_v and_o of_o munition_n when_o he_o have_v not_o only_o a_o sufficiency_n of_o great_a gun_n for_o the_o field_n sea_n batteries_n and_o fort_n but_o also_o armour_n of_o all_o usual_a kind_n with_o the_o utensil_n due_a to_o a_o war_n as_o powder_n firework_n match_n engine_n ball_n gabion_n carriage_n beast_n for_o draught_n and_o labour_n bridges_n ladder_n plank_n spade_n shovel_n axe_n sack_n basket_n timber_n cable_n rope_n handmill_n etc._n etc._n but_o beside_o all_o these_o fit_a and_o provident_a confederation_n be_v to_o be_v make_v with_o all_o such_o foreign_a prince_n and_o state_n as_o may_v either_o assist_v or_o hinder_v the_o war_n either_o for_o benefit_n or_o traffic_n or_o for_o states-sake_n or_o for_o necessity_n of_o dependence_n or_o for_o alliance_n and_o consanguinity_n for_o these_o consideration_n be_v due_o observe_v and_o provide_v for_o the_o difficulty_n will_v prove_v less_o either_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n or_o the_o make_n of_o a_o peace_n as_o occasion_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v present_v the_o justice_n likewise_o of_o the_o war_n ought_v to_o be_v divulge_v and_o that_o for_o a_o satisfaction_n as_o well_o to_o the_o natural_a subject_n as_o the_o neighbour-nation_n and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o a_o publication_n of_o the_o original_a cause_n that_o war_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v for_o just_a which_o be_v indeed_o without_o false_a pretence_n make_v for_o the_o true_a religion_n for_o just_a liberty_n for_o repel_v of_o public_a wrong_n by_o a_o foreign_a state_n after_o refusal_n of_o redress_n in_o defence_n of_o friend_n violent_o and_o injurious_o oppress_v and_o that_o war_n un_fw-fr just_a which_o be_v take_v up_o for_o private_a end_n ambition_n revenge_n and_o empire_n as_o touch_v such_o invasion_n as_o be_v to_o be_v attempt_v by_o sea_n and_o ship_n whosoever_o intend_v they_o be_v to_o assure_v himself_o beforehand_o of_o some_o commodious_a and_o sure_a landing-place_n that_o neither_o the_o ship_n suffer_v wrack_n or_o eminent_a danger_n in_o approach_v the_o coast_n nor_o the_o soldier_n incur_v manifest_a hazard_n at_o their_o dis-imbarqueing_a and_o of_o the_o same_o importance_n be_v the_o forecast_v of_o a_o safe_a place_n of_o retreat_n if_o peradventure_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v repel_v by_o extremity_n of_o
yet_o contrary_a to_o this_o axiom_n that_o absolute_a and_o glorious_a soldier_n the_o brave_a king_n of_o sweden_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o lutzen_n give_v order_n to_o have_v the_o strong_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n battle_n to_o be_v first_o charge_v for_o see_v the_o cuirassier_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o one_o division_n by_o themselves_o in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o crabrat_n the_o light-armed_n in_o another_o charge_v home_o say_v he_o to_o one_o of_o his_o prime_a commander_n these_o black_a companion_n in_o their_o complete_a arm_n for_o these_o be_v they_o will_v put_v we_o to_o it_o as_o for_o the_o crabrat_n i_o care_v not_o for_o they_o by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o his_o direction_n be_v that_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v well_o put_v to_o it_o at_o the_o first_o and_o this_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v do_v best_a when_o his_o man_n be_v at_o the_o fresh_a if_o they_o shall_v once_o be_v rout_v it_o will_v not_o only_o occasion_v a_o dismay_n to_o the_o part_n where_o they_o be_v but_o leave_v a_o easy_a task_n for_o the_o rout_v of_o all_o the_o rest_n behind_o neither_o for_o my_o part_n do_v i_o find_v less_o reason_n for_o this_o than_o the_o ancient_n and_o the_o other_o do_v for_o their_o practice_n last_o care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v before_o the_o charge_n be_v give_v that_o a_o watchword_n or_o rather_o some_o particular_a sign_n and_o visible_a token_n or_o both_o the_o one_o and_o other_o be_v impart_v to_o the_o whole_a army_n that_o in_o all_o medlies_n they_o may_v be_v know_v one_o to_o another_o and_o distinguish_v from_o the_o enemy_n and_o then_o to_o give_v the_o signal_n of_o battle_n and_o the_o rather_o if_o either_o any_o fear_n or_o disorder_n be_v perceive_v among_o the_o enemy_n or_o a_o forward_a desire_n and_o heat_n to_o the_o fight_n with_o his_o own_o man_n and_o these_o be_v the_o observation_n and_o direction_n requirable_a before_o a_o battle_n be_v accept_v and_o join_v the_o requirable_n in_o and_o after_o it_o be_v these_o follow_v that_o during_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fight_n a_o vigilant_a eye_n be_v carry_v upon_o all_o mutation_n that_o so_o all_o disorder_n may_v in_o due_a time_n be_v either_o prevent_v or_o repair_v that_o if_o the_o general_n after_o the_o fight_n find_v his_o side_n to_o have_v the_o worst_a of_o it_o he_o act_n according_a to_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o enemy_n order_n and_o the_o courage_n of_o his_o own_o man_n and_o so_o apply_v himself_o either_o to_o rejoin_v or_o retire_v execute_v according_o with_o virtue_n industry_n and_o providence_n that_o if_o after_o the_o fight_n he_o find_v himself_o to_o have_v the_o best_a of_o it_o he_o thorough_o to_o his_o uttermost_a prosecute_v his_o victory_n and_o take_v from_o the_o enemy_n all_o mean_n of_o reunite_a his_o force_n that_o he_o equal_o distribute_v the_o spoil_n with_o a_o due_a respect_n to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o deserver_n lest_o as_o now_o adays_o in_o the_o disorder_a discipline_n of_o the_o age_n those_o come_v to_o most_o get_n which_o come_v to_o least_o blow_n that_o over_z and_z above_o the_o common_a distribution_n all_o eminency_n of_o worth_n wheresoever_o it_o be_v find_v be_v reward_v and_o herein_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v a_o renovation_n of_o that_o roman_a way_n to_o give_v some_o portable_a mark_n of_o honour_n together_o with_o a_o sufficiency_n of_o competent_a subsistence_n that_o on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o cowardice_n be_v punish_v even_o to_o the_o least_o touch_n of_o it_o wheresoever_o it_o shall_v be_v find_v that_o mercy_n be_v use_v to_o captive_n and_o good_a quarter_n give_v they_o that_o the_o dead_a on_o both_o side_n be_v bury_v that_o the_o acceptable_a sacrifice_n of_o thanksgiving_n be_v offer_v to_o the_o great_a giver_n of_o victory_n as_o the_o gift_n earnest_o and_o humble_o crave_v of_o he_o before_z at_z and_o after_o the_o attempt_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o pursuit_n of_o a_o victory_n reason_n for_o pursue_v a_o beat_a army_n rather_o than_o take_v in_o to_n of_o mercy_n to_o captive_n term_v give_v of_o quarter_n of_o quarter_n to_o be_v give_v to_o neuter_n order_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o take_n of_o prisoner_n have_v in_o the_o last_o forego_v chapter_n make_v only_o a_o mention_n of_o the_o pursue_v of_o victory_n and_o the_o show_v of_o mercy_n to_o captive_n in_o the_o very_a latter_a end_n of_o the_o chapter_n we_o shall_v in_o this_o enlarge_v ourselves_o touch_v both_o these_o particular_n as_o be_v point_n of_o main_a consequence_n and_o concernment_n touch_v the_o pursue_n of_o a_o victory_n after_o the_o gain_n of_o a_o battle_n it_o have_v be_v much_o controvert_v among_o the_o great_a commander_n whether_o after_o the_o rout_v of_o a_o enemy_n army_n the_o break_a army_n shall_v be_v thorough_o pursue_v or_o the_o conqueror_n shall_v apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o 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be_v not_o to_o be_v overtake_v and_o stay_v without_o great_a difficulty_n and_o much_o harrasing_n and_o toil_n of_o the_o pursuer_n four_o that_o a_o beat_a army_n thus_o fly_v fall_v to_o piece_n of_o itself_o and_o deserve_v not_o any_o great_a regard_n much_o less_o be_v any_o important_a opportunity_n to_o be_v neglect_v upon_o this_o consideration_n on_o the_o other_o side_n such_o as_o argue_v for_o the_o thorough_a pursuit_n of_o a_o beat_a and_o fly_a army_n allege_v that_o hereupon_o the_o one_o of_o these_o two_o effect_n must_v necessary_o follow_v either_o that_o the_o enemy_n army_n shall_v hereby_o be_v absolute_o defeat_v or_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o capitulate_v for_o their_o retreat_n whereas_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v quiet_o suffer_v to_o pass_v without_o a_o perfect_a rout_n their_o able_a commander_n may_v find_v mean_n in_o a_o short_a time_n to_o become_v once_o more_o able_a to_o march_v for_o i_o own_o part_n when_o i_o consider_v of_o the_o reason_n on_o each_o side_n i_o be_o make_v the_o most_o inclinable_a to_o those_o that_o hold_v for_o the_o thorough_a pursuit_n of_o the_o beat_a army_n for_o though_o a_o victory_n by_o the_o gain_n of_o a_o battle_n may_v perhaps_o strike_v some_o terror_n among_o besognes_n and_o freshwater_n soldier_n and_o with_o such_o procure_v a_o easy_a rendry_n of_o such_o town_n as_o be_v man_v with_o such_o man_n yet_o with_o old_a soldier_n though_o beat_v have_v true_a commander_n who_o always_o sell_v themselves_o dear_a it_o procure_v a_o quite_o contrary_a effect_n and_o obstinate_v they_o to_o all_o kind_n of_o possible_a defence_n beside_o though_o the_o take_n of_o some_o one_o strong_a town_n may_v as_o it_o may_v be_v site_v prove_v as_o gainful_a as_o the_o rout_v of_o a_o army_n of_o the_o enemy_n yet_o whensoever_o the_o take_n of_o any_o such_o place_n shall_v cost_v much_o time_n it_o shall_v not_o only_o weaken_v the_o victorious_a army_n that_o besiege_v it_o and_o retard_v it_o from_o make_v use_n of_o the_o victory_n late_o get_v but_o give_v the_o beat_a enemy_n liberty_n and_o opportunity_n to_o reinforce_v their_o troop_n safeguard_n their_o ordnance_n and_o either_o by_o way_n of_o diversion_n as_o fall_v upon_o some_o other_o part_n or_o by_o make_v head_n against_o the_o besiege_n enemy_n himself_o and_o cut_v he_o short_a from_o victual_n quite_o alter_v the_o face_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o war._n again_o though_o a_o rout_v army_n may_v perhaps_o for_o the_o time_n think_v of_o nothing_o but_o a_o flight_n and_o this_o may_v hasten_v it_o so_o as_o may_v cost_v some_o time_n and_o labour_n in_o the_o pursuit_n yet_o be_v hot_o pursue_v by_o the_o horse_n only_o of_o the_o victorious_a side_n it_o must_v needs_o suffer_v
compare_v of_o horse_n and_o foot_n in_o the_o advantage_n and_o disadvantage_n they_o have_v one_o of_o another_o that_o so_o the_o discreet_a commander_n may_v make_v use_n of_o they_o according_o as_o touch_v the_o lay_v out_o of_o ambushment_n the_o especial_a point_n to_o be_v aim_v at_o and_o heed_v be_v that_o it_o be_v do_v in_o such_o a_o part_n as_o may_v lest_o be_v suspect_v and_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v fall_v within_o the_o danger_n of_o they_o to_o give_v colour_n whereunto_o one_o common_a trick_n have_v be_v to_o pretend_v aforehand_o in_o such_o a_o kind_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v so_o conceive_v it_o some_o fear_n and_o so_o a_o flight_n or_o some_o want_n of_o necessary_n and_o the_o like_a whereby_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v draw_v to_o a_o more_o eager_a and_o bold_a pursuit_n and_o so_o the_o more_o heedless_o and_o unrecovered_o fall_v within_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o ambush_n and_o many_o other_o the_o like_a practice_n of_o this_o nature_n may_v be_v think_v upon_o to_o this_o purpose_n as_o for_o the_o course_n of_o prevention_n from_o fall_v into_o these_o ambush_n it_o be_v a_o good_a general_a rule_n to_o suspect_v all_o sudden_a remove_n and_o fall_n off_o of_o a_o enemy_n in_o which_o case_n a_o exact_a and_o cautious_a discovery_n be_v to_o be_v make_v even_o to_o the_o very_a place_n where_o there_o be_v any_o intention_n to_o lodge_v and_o the_o manner_n observe_v in_o these_o discovery_n have_v usual_o be_v to_o send_v out_o party_n in_o three_o company_n or_o division_n the_o first_o to_o consist_v of_o a_o small_a number_n to_o beat_v the_o way_n at_o ease_n and_o to_o range_v about_o from_o place_n to_o place_n where_o any_o danger_n may_v be_v expect_v the_o second_o party_n to_o be_v somewhat_o strong_a the_o better_a to_o second_v and_o bring_v off_o the_o first_o upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o the_o three_o to_o be_v so_o strong_a as_o to_o make_v head_n against_o and_o to_o engage_v a_o strong_a party_n of_o the_o enemy_n if_o he_o shall_v present_v it_o and_o thus_o do_v cyrus_n in_o his_o so_o famous_a descent_n dispose_v of_o his_o forerunner_n and_o discoverer_n in_o the_o like_a case_n as_o xenophon_n lay_v it_o down_o and_o that_o with_o very_o good_a success_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o discovery_n be_v ever_o to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o light-armed_n troop_n for_o it_o be_v a_o point_n of_o no_o small_a concernment_n to_o be_v thorough_o inform_v of_o the_o true_a distance_n of_o the_o place_n the_o condition_n of_o the_o way_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o course_n and_o passage_n of_o the_o river_n where_o the_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v this_o can_v better_o be_v perform_v nor_o so_o well_o as_o by_o the_o light-armed_n and_o be_v by_o they_o thorough_o do_v afford_v incomparable_a advantage_n good_a discovery_n be_v the_o very_a eye_n of_o a_o army_n whereby_o the_o resolution_n of_o providence_n be_v guide_v and_o the_o path_n of_o safety_n delineate_v that_o so_o there_o may_v be_v no_o stumble_n upon_o casualty_n and_o all_o this_o be_v attain_v by_o a_o perfect_a intelligence_n of_o the_o true_a face_n of_o the_o country_n and_o in_o know_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o face_n of_o the_o country_n be_v best_a know_v by_o the_o use_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o native_a guide_n of_o the_o country_n provide_v that_o they_o be_v always_o associate_v with_o some_o faithful_a scout_n of_o one_o own_o that_o so_o there_o need_v not_o be_v a_o absolute_a reliance_n upon_o a_o stranger_n information_n and_o as_o for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n they_o may_v be_v sure_a have_v by_o the_o light_a arm_a horse_n who_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o to_o be_v overforward_a in_o inform_v upon_o every_o new_a trifle_a motion_n but_o to_o have_v their_o intelligence_n confirm_v unto_o they_o by_o divers_a and_o various_a way_n and_o mean_n lest_o some_o error_n and_o mistake_n befall_v they_o through_o passion_n or_o affection_n as_o to_o those_o in_o france_n who_o through_o the_o passion_n of_o fear_n take_v a_o field_n of_o great_a thistle_n for_o a_o mighty_a body_n of_o pike_n as_o touch_v the_o fit_a person_n to_o be_v lay_v out_o in_o ambush_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o all_o ambushment_n be_v make_v use_n of_o either_o to_o endanger_v and_o ensnare_v the_o enemy_n in_o a_o fight_n in_o the_o field_n or_o to_o entrap_v and_o hinder_v he_o in_o his_o march_n and_o example_n of_o each_o sort_n be_v find_v frequent_o practise_v by_o that_o subtle_a hannibal_n in_o his_o italian_a war_n in_o the_o first_o whereof_o he_o constant_o employ_v as_o well_o the_o heavy_a arm_a soldier_n as_o the_o light_n in_o the_o second_o the_o light-armed_n alone_o who_o agility_n and_o expedition_n give_v they_o opportunity_n and_o advantage_n with_o their_o missive_n weapon_n to_o assault_n and_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n though_o the_o ground_n be_v never_o so_o straight_o or_o uneven_a and_o these_o also_o may_v be_v more_o easy_o lodge_v without_o discovery_n as_o for_o the_o part_n and_o place_n most_o proper_a and_o fit_a for_o the_o receipt_n and_o lodging_n of_o these_o ambush_n they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v most_o remove_v from_o the_o view_n as_o wood_n mountain_n forest_n rock_n bank_n of_o river_n hollow_n and_o deep_a way_n in_o short_a any_o place_n or_o piece_n of_o ground_n wherein_o some_o number_n and_o troop_n of_o soldier_n may_v best_o lie_v obscure_v and_o hide_v and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o order_n and_o disposal_n of_o ambush_n with_o the_o use_n of_o they_o we_o be_v now_o to_o fall_v upon_o a_o comparison_n between_o the_o cavalry_n and_o infantrie_n in_o point_n of_o war_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n they_o have_v one_o above_o another_o according_a to_o the_o several_a service_n and_o occasion_n they_o may_v be_v employ_v in_o touch_v which_o such_o as_o prefer_v the_o footman_n or_o infantrie_n 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have_v good_a pike_n and_o store_n have_v always_o be_v find_v more_o than_o equal_a to_o horseman_n in_o levy_n footman_n be_v more_o speedy_o raise_v and_o lead_v and_o lodge_v with_o more_o facility_n they_o be_v pay_v with_o less_o charge_n than_o the_o horse_n they_o fight_v more_o safe_o rally_v themselves_o more_o certain_o and_o easy_o and_o last_o horse_n be_v hard_a to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o great_a number_n for_o it_o may_v be_v believe_v that_o there_o be_v twenty_o man_n to_o one_o horse_n in_o the_o world_n and_o these_o be_v the_o proper_a priority_n of_o footman_n over_o horseman_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v as_o well_o by_o the_o ancient_n as_o the_o modern_n to_o which_o also_o in_o my_o opinion_n may_v be_v add_v that_o the_o foot_n be_v by_o far_o more_o fit_a for_o all_o sort_n of_o ambushment_n than_o the_o horse_n can_v be_v in_o regard_n they_o may_v be_v lodge_v more_o secret_o and_o especial_o in_o respect_n that_o horse_n be_v very_o subject_a to_o discover_v themselves_o by_o their_o noise_n and_o neigh_v and_o beside_o the_o best_a man_n of_o courage_n that_o breathe_v be_v in_o a_o fight_n subject_v to_o the_o disorder_n and_o unmanageableness_n of_o his_o horse_n that_o he_o ride_v upon_o on_o the_o other_o side_n those_o that_o prefer_v horseman_n before_o footman_n give_v these_o instance_n that_o a_o horseman_n have_v stout_a and_o better_a leg_n than_o his_o own_o that_o he_o charge_v more_o furious_o that_o he_o have_v more_o force_n and_o breath_n then_o a_o footman_n that_o horse_n have_v the_o advantage_n in_o long_a march_n and_o hasty_a pursuit_n that_o they_o have_v more_o mean_n to_o surprise_v a_o enemy_n that_o they_o have_v more_o opportunity_n to_o approach_v to_o seize_v upon_o to_o cut_v off_o and_o to_o
signal_n to_o his_o carthaginian_n who_o lie_v prepare_v and_o ambush_v for_o the_o purpose_n and_o sudden_o and_o fierce_o set_v upon_o the_o sally_v roman_n not_o only_o force_v such_o as_o be_v near_o home_o to_o retire_v themselves_o into_o their_o hold_n but_o lay_v on_o the_o ground_n all_o the_o forward_a and_o best_a of_o their_o man_n so_o that_o they_o dare_v not_o issue_v out_o a_o second_o time_n but_o be_v constrain_v to_o suffer_v hannibal_n to_o make_v his_o approach_n at_o pleasure_n whereby_o he_o force_v the_o place_n and_o as_o this_o be_v a_o stratagem_n to_o draw_v soldier_n into_o a_o overdare_n so_o that_o which_o follow_v be_v to_o win_v they_o into_o a_o over-securitie_n and_o be_v act_v in_o this_o manner_n antiochus_n the_o great_a in_o his_o minority_n be_v whole_o govern_v by_o one_o hermias_n a_o ambitious_a man_n and_o a_o maligner_n of_o virtue_n at_o the_o same_o time_n one_o molo_n the_o king_n lieutenant_n in_o media_n be_v break_v out_o into_o a_o rebellion_n and_o seek_v to_o make_v himself_o lord_n of_o that_o province_n antiochus_n be_v enter_v at_o the_o same_o time_n into_o a_o war_n with_o ptolemy_n philopater_n the_o egyptian_a king_n be_v counsel_v by_o his_o minion_n hermias_n who_o have_v put_v he_o upon_o the_o egyptian_a war_n to_o send_v against_o this_o rebel_n who_o be_v but_o a_o captain_n a_o captain_n that_o be_v faithful_a but_o himself_o to_o go_v in_o person_n against_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n who_o be_v a_o king_n like_o himself_o hereupon_o one_o xenetas_n a_o achaean_n by_o hermias_n his_o choice_n and_o preferment_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n against_o the_o rebel_n molo_n while_o the_o king_n antiochus_n himself_o march_v against_o the_o egyptian_a this_o xenetas_n draw_v near_a unto_o the_o river_n tigris_n with_o his_o army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n whereof_o the_o rebel_n lie_v to_o hinder_v his_o passage_n make_v a_o show_n as_o if_o he_o will_v pass_v the_o river_n by_o boat_n in_o the_o very_a face_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o leave_v so_o many_o only_a as_o he_o think_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v his_o camp_n he_o himself_o with_o the_o flower_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o army_n pass_v over_o tigris_n in_o a_o place_n ten_o mile_n low_a than_o where_o molo_n lie_v entrench_v who_o hear_v of_o it_o send_v out_o his_o horse_n to_o give_v impediment_n but_o find_v that_o xenetas_n can_v not_o be_v stop_v he_o practise_v this_o ensue_a stratagem_n to_o draw_v his_o enemy_n into_o a_o snare_n of_o security_n he_o no_o soon_o find_v that_o xenetas_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n march_v towards_o he_o but_o present_o he_o dislodge_v make_v a_o show_n of_o take_v a_o hasty_a journey_n homeward_o and_o to_o possess_v the_o enemy_n that_o it_o be_v do_v in_o a_o fear_n he_o withal_o leave_v all_o his_o baggage_n and_o victual_n behind_o in_o his_o camp_n xenetas_n hear_v of_o this_o his_o retreat_n easy_o suffer_v himself_o more_o like_o a_o courtier_n then_o a_o soldier_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o enemy_n dare_v not_o so_o much_o as_o look_v he_o in_o the_o face_n and_o the_o rather_o in_o that_o he_o be_v inform_v that_o he_o have_v leave_v his_o forsake_a camp_n well_o store_v with_o victual_n and_o booty_n whereupon_o hasty_o march_v thitherward_o and_o find_v it_o to_o his_o expectation_n he_o not_o only_o suffer_v his_o man_n to_o feast_v and_o drink_v to_o their_o full_a but_o invite_v and_o command_v they_o to_o do_v so_o make_v proclamation_n that_o they_o shall_v cherish_v up_o themselves_o against_o the_o march_n that_o he_o intend_v to_o begin_v the_o next_o day_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o fly_a rebel_n but_o molo_n who_o remove_v no_o far_o the_o first_o day_n than_o he_o can_v easy_o make_v back_o again_o the_o same_o night_n understand_v what_o good_a rule_n the_o king_n man_n keep_v with_o his_o victual_n make_v such_o a_o speedy_a and_o oportune_a return_n that_o he_o come_v upon_o they_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n while_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o their_o wine_n and_o cheer_v with_o his_o full_a force_n and_o give_v they_o a_o lusty_a camisado_fw-it so_o confound_v they_o amid_o their_o pot_n that_o their_o general_n xenetas_n with_o a_o very_a few_o beside_o die_v fight_v the_o rest_n be_v slaughter_v ere_o they_o can_v find_v their_o arm_n and_o the_o most_o of_o they_o before_o they_o be_v perfect_o awake_a and_o recover_v of_o their_o wine_n leave_v by_o their_o over-securitie_n a_o absolute_a victory_n to_o their_o subtle_a enemy_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o requirable_a providence_n after_o a_o general_n have_v obtain_v a_o victory_n and_o receive_v his_o enemy_n upon_o quarter_n be_v it_o either_o in_o a_o town_n new_o take_v in_o or_o in_o the_o field_n to_o be_v wary_a of_o a_o over-confidence_n in_o their_o faith_n and_o loyalty_n especial_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v near_o but_o rather_o by_o all_o search_a way_n to_o discover_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a their_o very_a heart_n that_o stratagem_n which_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v practise_v by_o the_o spaniard_n at_o their_o take_n of_o the_o city_n verona_n from_o the_o venetian_n may_v serve_v for_o a_o precedent_n for_o the_o future_a in_o the_o like_a case_n which_o be_v this_o the_o venetian_a army_n lie_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n which_o be_v not_o long_o before_o take_v in_o by_o the_o spaniard_n upon_o composition_n the_o spanish_a governor_n aim_v to_o understand_v how_o the_o burgher_n and_o citizen_n in_o general_n stand_v affect_v to_o their_o old_a patron_n the_o venetian_n give_v secret_a order_n to_o the_o spanish_a garrison_n that_o be_v in_o guard_n of_o the_o town_n that_o in_o the_o dead_a of_o the_o night_n when_o the_o townsman_n be_v asleep_a they_o shall_v run_v to_o and_o fro_o about_o the_o city_n and_o cry_v out_o st._n mark_n st._n mark_n as_o if_o the_o town_n have_v be_v surprise_v by_o the_o venetian_n the_o which_o cry_v be_v ready_o answer_v by_o as_o many_o of_o the_o citizen_n as_o secret_o favour_v the_o venetian_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v they_o the_o spaniard_n observe_v their_o house_n mark_v their_o door_n with_o some_o chalk_n or_o the_o like_a and_o be_v thus_o discover_v the_o governor_n the_o very_a next_o morn_v imprison_v the_o chief_a of_o they_o and_o confiscate_v all_o their_o good_n whereby_o he_o not_o only_o secure_v the_o town_n but_o content_v the_o garrison_n with_o the_o confiscation_n the_o soldier_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n inclinable_a to_o a_o mutiny_n for_o want_v of_o pay_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n of_o a_o more_o dangerous_a consequence_n then_o for_o a_o army_n especial_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o action_n to_o be_v find_v in_o this_o condition_n of_o a_o mutiny_n for_o pay_v and_o the_o ill_a effect_n thereof_o have_v many_o time_n sort_v to_o a_o absolute_a ruin_n and_o above_o all_o other_o part_n in_o the_o war_n of_o germany_n and_o chief_o of_o late_a year_n where_o the_o common_a cry_n even_o at_o the_o exigent_n of_o a_o fight_n have_v be_v ghelt_n ghelt_n money_n money_n and_o sometime_o occasion_n take_v thereupon_o by_o the_o soldier_n to_o seize_v upon_o the_o person_n of_o their_o commander_n and_o to_o deliver_v both_o they_o and_o themselves_o to_o the_o enemy_n mercy_n for_o the_o cure_n or_o at_o the_o least_o palliation_n of_o which_o desperate_a disease_n some_o brave_a commander_n have_v be_v force_v with_o good_a success_n to_o practise_v this_o stratagemical_a course_n to_o borrow_v of_o their_o chief_a officer_n upon_o fair_a and_o promise_a term_n such_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o can_v be_v get_v and_o spare_v on_o the_o sudden_a whereby_o be_v attain_v not_o only_o some_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o common_a soldier_n by_o let_v they_o feel_v some_o piece_n of_o a_o pay_n and_o make_v they_o to_o apprehend_v that_o their_o general_n have_v a_o care_n and_o love_n of_o they_o by_o thus_o engage_v of_o himself_o to_o give_v they_o content_a but_o also_o a_o tie_n upon_o all_o the_o officer_n that_o make_v this_o loan_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a unto_o the_o general_n who_o have_v borrow_v these_o money_n of_o they_o that_o so_o they_o may_v be_v in_o the_o better_a possibility_n to_o reimburse_v their_o lend_a money_n with_o the_o usury_n of_o a_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n and_o a_o example_n of_o this_o we_o shall_v find_v punctual_o practise_v by_o caesar_n record_v by_o himself_o in_o his_o commentary_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o he_o and_o pompey_n cap._n 14._o for_o be_v to_o pass_v sudden_o into_o spain_n and_o to_o pay_v a_o great_a army_n which_o require_v much_o present_a money_n he_o borrow_v all_o the_o money_n he_o can_v of_o his_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n and_o give_v it_o out_o present_o and_o public_o to_o his_o
reformation_n of_o particular_a member_n it_o will_v be_v needful_a to_o build_v some_o new_a and_o entire_a body_n of_o fortification_n the_o truth_n be_v that_o in_o the_o reform_n of_o the_o substance_n and_o main_n of_o old_a work_n more_o labour_n be_v to_o be_v use_v then_o skill_n for_o herein_o it_o be_v only_o necessary_a to_o fill_v the_o bulwark_n if_o it_o be_v hollow_a to_o increase_v the_o thickness_n of_o the_o curtain_n and_o parapet_n if_o they_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o resist_v a_o battery_n to_o make_v the_o ditch_n deep_o broad_a or_o narrow_a as_o cause_n shall_v require_v to_o cut_v a_o counter-scarp_a with_o his_o ravelin_n and_o flanker_n round_o about_o to_o advance_v the_o spalto_n or_o shoulder_n if_o it_o be_v over-low_a to_o the_o hey_o of_o the_o cordone_n to_o increase_v or_o diminish_v the_o scarp_n as_o need_n shall_v require_v and_o last_o to_o repair_v the_o camiscia_n if_o it_o be_v ruinous_a as_o for_o such_o fortress_n as_o be_v site_v on_o sandie_n ground_n be_v in_o themselves_o altogether_o without_o remedy_n against_o battery_n or_o sap_n the_o natural_a defect_n be_v to_o be_v supply_v by_o a_o artificial_a camiscia_n of_o wood_n make_v with_o such_o proportion_n of_o scarp_n and_o thickness_n as_o that_o it_o can_v be_v ruin_v but_o by_o much_o time_n and_o great_a labour_n and_o when_o the_o curtain_n be_v excessive_o long_a and_o thereby_o defective_a the_o redress_n may_v be_v either_o by_o a_o cavalier_n or_o a_o platform_n or_o by_o set_v the_o flank_n the_o near_a one_o unto_o another_o but_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o make_v two_o curtain_n of_o one_o and_o to_o raise_v a_o new_a bulwark_n in_o the_o midst_n between_o they_o and_o the_o spalla_n may_v be_v perfect_v by_o either_o the_o same_o with_o a_o new_a camiscia_n or_o by_o retire_v the_o curtain_n far_o into_o the_o fortress_n as_o for_o the_o defect_n of_o the_o gola_n of_o a_o bulwark_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reform_v and_o make_v wide_a but_o by_o remove_v of_o the_o spallaes_n so_o much_o as_o be_v needful_a towards_o they_o of_o the_o opposite_a bulwark_n as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o work_n of_o fortification_n the_o triangular_a and_o square_a one_o be_v just_o the_o most_o imperfect_a of_o all_o other_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o bulwork_n must_v of_o force_n become_v oversharp_a in_o the_o point_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o triangular_a form_n whereby_o they_o be_v easy_o batter_v in_o that_o part_n to_o the_o extreme_a danger_n of_o the_o whole_a piece_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o enemy_n can_v be_v offend_v from_o those_o part_n but_o may_v safe_o come_v to_o the_o assault_n without_o be_v endanger_v in_o flank_n and_o beside_o if_o the_o parapet_n chance_v to_o be_v beat_v down_o by_o the_o straightness_n of_o the_o site_n cause_v by_o a_o acute_a angle_n all_o place_n be_v absolute_o take_v away_o for_o a_o retreat_n and_o no_o room_n leave_v to_o erect_v another_o in_o its_o stead_n either_o with_o gabion_n or_o trench_n in_o these_o respect_v it_o may_v therefore_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o best_a form_n of_o fortify_v town_n be_v those_o which_o consist_v of_o most_o side_n as_o near_o approach_v to_o the_o circular_a form_n which_o be_v the_o most_o capable_a of_o all_o other_o and_o by_o consequent_a can_v afford_v the_o more_o commodity_n for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o strong_a and_o ample_a bulwork_n and_o have_v the_o angle_n more_o obtuse_a and_o the_o street_n likewise_o may_v the_o better_o be_v direct_a and_o strait_a which_o be_v a_o main_a matter_n towards_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o town_n of_o war_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o better_o traverse_v with_o trench_n and_o barricado_n upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o work_n due_a unto_o a_o fort_n and_o a_o fortify_v town_n both_o regular_a and_o irregular_a it_o remain_v to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o port_n the_o which_o shall_v take_v up_o the_o chapter_n follow_v chap._n vi_o the_o best_a form_n for_o port_n the_o part_n where_o the_o port_n be_v to_o be_v make_v touch_v the_o port_n of_o a_o town_n of_o war_n not_o to_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o antique_a one_o just_o despicable_a the_o general_a modern_a rule_n be_v that_o the_o extremity_n or_o point_n of_o these_o work_n be_v not_o extend_v or_o thrust_v out_o any_o way_n beyond_o those_o of_o the_o curtain_n lest_o by_o their_o interposition_n they_o hinder_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o artillery_n and_o so_o frustrate_a the_o defence_n of_o they_o and_o that_o these_o port_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v so_o near_o unto_o the_o bulwork_n that_o from_o they_o they_o may_v be_v defend_v by_o musquet-shot_a as_o for_o the_o part_n where_o these_o port_n be_v to_o be_v make_v the_o famous_a engineer_n san-martin_n propound_v it_o to_o be_v upon_o the_o curtain_n their_o largeness_n to_o consist_v of_o six_o brace_n their_o height_n of_o nine_o and_o that_o near_a unto_o each_o port_n be_v to_o be_v a_o postern_n cut_v out_o of_o the_o curtain_n in_o breadth_n one_o brace_n and_o a_o half_a before_o and_o three_o behind_o and_o that_o the_o counter-port_n shall_v be_v of_o five_o brace_n in_o breadth_n and_o eight_o in_o height_n and_o between_o the_o two_o port_n he_o will_v have_v leave_v the_o cover_a piazza_n or_o plain_a or_o passage_n to_o be_v in_o breadth_n one_o brace_n and_o in_o length_n thirty_o two_o have_v withal_o two_o place_n so_o frame_v as_o from_o they_o to_o give_v fire_n on_o each_o side_n upon_o the_o first_o gate_n and_o on_o each_o side_n of_o this_o passage_n to_o be_v three_o square_a room_n below_o of_o eight_o brace_n on_o a_o side_n wherein_o to_o lodge_v the_o soldier_n of_o the_o guard_n and_o as_o many_o above_o direct_o over_o they_o to_o be_v pass_v up_o into_o by_o two_o ladder_n or_o stair_n the_o one_o stair_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o other_o upon_o those_o side_n of_o they_o which_o lie_v within_o and_o towards_o the_o town_n and_o the_o guard_n thereof_o and_o so_o the_o whole_a piece_n become_v a_o perfect_a square_n upon_o the_o flat_a top_n of_o which_o he_o will_v have_v a_o cavalier_n to_o be_v raise_v to_o be_v pass_v up_o unto_o by_o two_o other_o pair_n of_o stair_n in_o the_o flank_n towards_o the_o curtain_n thus_o propound_v the_o great_a engineer_n san-martin_n or_o san_n mariano_n nevertheless_o if_o the_o height_n of_o these_o work_n be_v advise_o consider_v by_o this_o prescription_n i_o see_v not_o howsoever_o the_o front_n may_v make_v a_o gallant_a prospect_n but_o it_o must_v needs_o carry_v which_o it_o very_o much_o of_o peril_n and_o lie_v open_a to_o a_o battery_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o height_n and_o therefore_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o these_o port_n with_o their_o second_o be_v not_o to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o very_a curtain_n themselves_o but_o somewhat_o within_o they_o and_o so_o to_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o ear_n or_o pome_n unto_o it_o the_o which_o may_v so_o stand_v out_o before_o the_o port_n as_o to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o beat_v upon_o it_o with_o his_o gun_n and_o withal_o offend_v such_o of_o the_o enemy_n as_o shall_v approach_v behind_o the_o shoulder_n and_o likewise_o it_o shall_v hereby_o play_v very_o free_o upon_o that_o side_n of_o the_o bulwark_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o it_o and_o upon_o the_o bosom_n or_o bow_v of_o the_o foresay_a ear_n pome_v or_o guard_n of_o the_o shoulder_n that_o flanker_n it_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o way_n or_o passage_n which_o lead_v from_o the_o port_n into_o the_o town_n be_v to_o be_v for_o a_o good_a way_n somewhat_o extraordinary_a large_a and_o withal_o with_o such_o a_o bend_a that_o two_o piece_n of_o battery_n at_o the_o least_o may_v direct_o and_o full_o beat_v upon_o the_o port_n itself_o to_o which_o end_n all_o the_o whole_a passage_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v clear_a from_o all_o impediment_n of_o house_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o may_v hinder_v the_o play_n of_o these_o ordnance_n chap._n vii_o of_o fort_n or_o citadel_n within_o to_n the_o best_a form_n of_o these_o fort_n of_o the_o cavalier_n within_o these_o fort_n from_o these_o port_n we_o have_v occasion_n to_o observe_v somewhat_o touch_v such_o fort_n and_o citadel_n as_o ancient_o and_o in_o many_o place_n to_o this_o day_n be_v raise_v and_o maintain_v in_o some_o town_n of_o war_n and_o serve_v as_o well_o to_o defend_v the_o place_n against_o a_o assault_a enemy_n as_o to_o hold_v the_o town_n itself_o in_o a_o we_o and_o order_n now_o to_o this_o purpose_n the_o antique_a use_n be_v to_o seat_v the_o citadel_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o town_n upon_o some_o high_a and_o elevate_a part_n and_o if_o none_o such_o be_v there_o to_o
be_v find_v then_o to_o raise_v they_o in_o any_o other_o part_n best_a tend_v that_o way_n the_o more_o modern_a practice_n have_v be_v and_o be_v to_o erect_v these_o citadel_n in_o such_o a_o posture_n and_o in_o such_o a_o part_n that_o the_o one_o half_a of_o they_o may_v be_v within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n the_o other_o half_o without_o as_o the_o situation_n will_v bear_v and_o this_o be_v principal_o do_v that_o supply_n may_v be_v bring_v in_o or_o out_o unto_o the_o citadel_n without_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o town_n if_o it_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v impatronize_v either_o by_o rebel_n or_o by_o a_o enemy_n but_o this_o way_n have_v not_o pass_v without_o reproof_n because_o the_o part_n without_o the_o wall_n may_v be_v so_o ruin_v either_o by_o battery_n or_o i_o that_o the_o part_n within_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o put_v into_o it_o any_o sufficient_a supply_n it_o be_v my_o opinion_n therefore_o that_o citadel_n within_o town_n of_o war_n be_v most_o proper_o site_v when_o they_o stand_v upon_o the_o most_o eminent_a and_o elevate_a part_n and_o if_o it_o may_v be_v upon_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o town_n and_o so_o serve_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o bulwark_n also_o to_o guard_v and_o flanker_n the_o curtain_n of_o the_o wall_n on_o each_o side_n but_o yet_o so_o as_o not_o to_o be_v offend_v by_o the_o over-vicinity_n of_o any_o of_o the_o bulwork_n and_o that_o they_o be_v contrive_v with_o one_o or_o more_o secret_a postern_n or_o private_a and_o close_a avenue_n that_o munition_n and_o man_n may_v at_o all_o time_n be_v convey_v into_o they_o and_o that_o every_o way_n they_o have_v a_o full_a command_n upon_o the_o town_n wherein_o they_o stand_v and_o be_v able_a especial_o to_o beat_v upon_o such_o part_n thereof_o as_o be_v most_o frequent_v and_o especial_o the_o marketplace_n and_o port_n so_o that_o if_o the_o town_n shall_v chance_v to_o be_v surprise_v by_o a_o enemy_n or_o turn_v rebel_n it_o may_v not_o only_o be_v batter_v by_o the_o fort_n but_o the_o part_n thereof_o disarm_v and_o mean_n and_o commodity_n afford_v for_o the_o receipt_n of_o all_o such_o supply_n as_o may_v be_v intend_v for_o the_o regain_n of_o the_o town_n as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o these_o citadel_n howsoever_o the_o triangular_a and_o quadrate_n form_n be_v disapprovable_a in_o royal_a fort_n as_o former_o be_v note_v yet_o in_o these_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v general_o but_o small_a they_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o consist_v of_o four_o side_n and_o indeed_o not_o of_o above_o five_o yet_o be_v their_o circuit_n not_o to_o be_v so_o little_a but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o sufficiency_n of_o retreat_n upon_o all_o occasion_n for_o otherwise_o they_o may_v suffer_v much_o as_o for_o their_o wall_n curtain_n and_o bulwork_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o my_o judgement_n somewhat_o large_a and_o their_o ditch_n deep_a than_o those_o of_o the_o town_n as_o sustain_v the_o great_a charge_n 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well_o for_o defence_n in_o city_n as_o in_o all_o approach_n upon_o they_o neither_o to_o say_v truth_n can_v any_o defence_n at_o all_o be_v sudden_o raise_v by_o any_o mean_n without_o they_o nor_o any_o half_a moon_n or_o the_o like_a so_o that_o it_o may_v well_o be_v say_v want_v faggot_n want_v defence_n and_o this_o be_v evidence_v in_o no_o part_n more_o then_o in_o the_o low-country-war_n where_o most_o of_o their_o design_n reflect_v upon_o the_o take_n and_o keep_v of_o strong_a town_n and_o where_o all_o both_o defence_n and_o approach_n be_v chief_o make_v up_o with_o these_o faggot_n witness_v above_o all_o other_o the_o last_o famous_a siege_n of_o the_o
borse_n where_o the_o expense_n in_o these_o kind_n alone_o be_v on_o the_o assailant_n part_v infinite_a great_a and_o the_o effect_n no_o less_o admirable_a chap._n ix_o of_o gun_n in_o a_o town_n of_o war_n where_o best_o to_o be_v place_v have_v go_v thus_o far_o in_o the_o point_n of_o fort_n and_o fortifying_n of_o town_n of_o war_n we_o be_v to_o give_v some_o advertisement_n about_o the_o artillery_n and_o gun_n belong_v and_o due_a unto_o they_o it_o be_v the_o general_a opinion_n that_o in_o a_o town_n of_o war_n of_o the_o true_a size_n which_o as_o before_o say_v be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o diameter_n betwixt_o three_o and_o four_o hundred_o pace_n there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v few_o than_o sixty_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n which_o be_v thus_o qualify_v of_o cannon_n twelve_o shoot_v forty_o pound_n of_o iron_n which_o be_v to_o be_v employ_v in_o counter-battery_n of_o demy-cannon_n eighteen_o shoot_v twenty_o four_o pound_n of_o iron_n for_o the_o defeat_n of_o the_o enemy_n 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chap._n x._o of_o the_o outwork_n requisite_a to_o a_o town_n of_o war._n of_o the_o ditch_n the_o ravelin_n horn-work_n counter-scarp_a half_a moon_n have_v thus_o far_o discourse_v of_o the_o inward_a work_v of_o a_o town_n of_o war_n we_o shall_v now_o advertise_v somewhat_o also_o of_o the_o outwork_n and_o first_o of_o the_o moat_n or_o ditch_n which_o lie_v the_o next_o without_o the_o town-wall_n and_o be_v sometime_o in_o some_o place_n without_o water_n sometime_o fill_v with_o water_n and_o again_o sometime_o fill_v with_o a_o stand_a water_n sometime_o with_o a_o current_n now_o of_o these_o particular_n as_o also_o of_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o ditch_n some_o dispute_n have_v be_v which_o shall_v be_v the_o best_a of_o which_o as_o affect_v brevity_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o the_o dry_a ditch_n may_v be_v fit_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o work_v that_o may_v be_v make_v in_o it_o and_o the_o wet_a in_o regard_n of_o retard_v and_o trouble_v of_o a_o enemy_n and_o 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than_o other_o and_o other_o again_o in_o a_o equal_a height_n they_o may_v with_o the_o more_o surety_n defend_v each_o other_o from_o the_o flank_n and_o from_o above_o so_o that_o from_o the_o outmost_a to_o the_o next_o to_o it_o and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o rest_n there_o may_v be_v a_o safe_a retreat_n for_o the_o defendant_n upon_o all_o occasion_n chap._n xi_o way_n of_o defence_n by_o protraction_n frustration_n battery_n mine_n assault_n how_o to_o make_v void_a defence_n of_o town_n by_o way_n of_o sally_n how_o to_o carry_v off_o a_o garrison_n out_o of_o a_o sea-town_n we_o shall_v now_o propound_v some_o course_n of_o defence_n by_o way_n of_o protraction_n and_o other_o by_o way_n of_o frustration_n whereby_o a_o besiege_a place_n may_v haply_o preserve_v itself_o against_o expugnation_n now_o the_o course_n by_o protraction_n be_v either_o by_o the_o raise_n of_o some_o small_a fort_n or_o by_o counter-approache_n or_o sally_n the_o fort_n to_o this_o purpose_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v within_o musquet-shot_a of_o the_o town_n who_o ditch_n be_v to_o be_v emboque_v from_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o bulwark_n or_o at_o the_o least_o from_o some_o part_n of_o the_o curtain_n from_o which_o also_o the_o platform_n of_o the_o fort_n be_v to_o be_v whole_o discover_v that_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v gain_v they_o he_o may_v as_o sudden_o be_v beat_v out_o and_o disable_v from_o maintain_v they_o the_o counter-approache_n be_v to_o be_v emboque_v from_o the_o flank_n and_o to_o begin_v at_o the_o counter-scarp_a and_o so_o to_o be_v carry_v towards_o the_o enemy_n approach_n and_o the_o use_n of_o these_o be_v both_o to_o delay_v the_o enemy_n in_o his_o approach_n and_o to_o lodge_v soldier_n in_o from_o whence_o they_o may_v aid_v the_o defendant_n
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line_n of_o the_o approach_v full_o without_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulwark_n towards_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v approach_v and_o withal_o by_o make_v they_o deep_a below_o the_o line_n to_o six_o foot_n and_o not_o broad_a in_o the_o bottom_n then_o to_o twenty_o foot_n three_o that_o all_o these_o approach_n flank_v one_o another_o which_o be_v do_v by_o make_v of_o many_o trench_n all_o le_fw-fr forbici_n every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v to_o the_o length_n of_o thirty_o or_o forty_o pace_n four_o that_o every_o trench_n be_v provide_v with_o some_o small_a work_n for_o the_o lodging_n of_o a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr gardiner_n and_o these_o be_v to_o be_v cast_v up_o at_o the_o end_n and_o mid-part_n of_o the_o trench_n five_o that_o at_o the_o head_n of_o every_o approach_n a_o small_a fort_n be_v contrive_v capable_a to_o lodge_v so_o many_o soldier_n as_o may_v repulse_v any_o sally_n six_o that_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o trench_n be_v deep_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o so_o to_o preserve_v they_o from_o be_v discover_v from_o any_o part_n of_o the_o town_n seven_o that_o the_o cut_n into_o the_o counter-scarp_a be_v under_o ground_n and_o not_o direct_o embocque_v with_o any_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n eighthly_a that_o those_o approach_n which_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o ditch_n to_o the_o wall_n be_v make_v of_o matter_n incombustible_a and_o withal_o be_v of_o force_n to_o resist_v any_o battery_n from_o the_o flank_n which_o regard_v they_o and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o traverse_n if_o the_o ditch_n be_v dry_a and_o by_o gallery_n if_o it_o be_v wet_a and_o these_o gallery_n be_v to_o be_v reduce_v into_o member_n or_o part_n
that_o so_o the_o more_o easy_o they_o may_v be_v carry_v from_o place_n to_o place_n and_o to_o be_v rejoin_v when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v use_v and_o then_o to_o be_v cover_v with_o faggot_n and_o earth_n or_o with_o mat_n make_v and_o keep_v wet_a that_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o endanger_v they_o by_o firework_n and_o these_o gallery_n may_v be_v large_a or_o lesser_a as_o cause_n require_v carry_v the_o height_n of_o nine_o foot_n and_o the_o breadth_n of_o six_o though_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o large_a they_o be_v the_o better_a they_o be_v as_o admitting_z a_o free_a passage_n for_o man_n be_v they_o either_o soldier_n or_o pioner_n now_o whilst_o these_o approach_n be_v thus_o in_o action_n battery_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v and_o plant_v to_o perfect_v which_o respect_n be_v to_o be_v have_v of_o their_o security_n their_o execution_n their_o form_n and_o the_o expedition_n battery_n may_v be_v secure_v against_o the_o shot_n from_o the_o town_n by_o gabion_n seven_o foot_n high_a and_o six_o foot_n broad_a fill_v with_o solid_a earth_n well_o tread_v and_o against_o sally_n by_o trench_n well_o furnish_v with_o soldier_n to_o repel_v the_o enemy_n battery_n may_v prove_v defective_a in_o their_o execution_n both_o by_o be_v over-remote_a and_o by_o the_o manner_n of_o mount_v of_o the_o gun_n the_o distance_n therefore_o from_o the_o part_n to_o be_v beat_v upon_o be_v not_o to_o be_v above_o two_o hundred_o pace_n nor_o near_o than_o one_o hundred_o for_o when_o they_o be_v within_o the_o one_o or_o without_o the_o other_o the_o ball_n lose_v of_o its_o best_a force_n as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o battery_n the_o gun_n be_v best_a mount_v when_o they_o may_v stand_v parallel_n with_o the_o battery_n because_o when_o they_o be_v under_o the_o horizon_n the_o ball_n affect_v its_o natural_a repose_n when_o above_o it_o suffer_v violence_n as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o battery_n the_o most_o proper_a be_v that_o of_o a_o half_a moon_n preferable_a to_o all_o other_o in_o regard_n that_o it_o discover_v wide_a flank_v better_a and_o require_v few_o gabion_n than_o any_o other_o form_n touch_v expedition_n in_o point_n of_o a_o dispatch_n the_o apt_a course_n be_v for_o the_o master_n or_o general_n of_o the_o artillery_n to_o make_v use_n of_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o cannoneer_n for_o the_o attend_v upon_o the_o battery_n and_o the_o work_n itself_o be_v much_o forward_v by_o a_o trench_n cast_v ten_o foot_n before_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battery_n where_o the_o soldier_n may_v be_v lodge_v and_o shroud_v from_o the_o enemy_n and_o withal_o it_o will_v serve_v for_o the_o traverse_n of_o the_o gun_n but_o all_o this_o though_o never_o so_o thorough_o observe_v prove_v defective_a in_o the_o particular_a of_o make_v a_o assaultable_a breach_n without_o the_o use_n of_o mine_n or_o mining_n for_o though_o the_o use_n of_o mine_n at_o the_o first_o come_v up_o of_o great_a gun_n be_v for_o a_o time_n neglect_v yet_o have_v the_o practice_n of_o they_o be_v revive_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o perfection_n of_o modern_a fortification_n the_o which_o by_o ocular_a demonstration_n have_v evidence_v that_o artillery_n be_v not_o otherwise_o profitable_a for_o expugnation_n then_o only_o to_o take_v away_o defence_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o ensue_a chapter_n we_o shall_v advertise_v somewhat_o of_o they_o chap._n xiii_o mine_n how_o to_o be_v make_v and_o use_v how_o to_o lodge_v the_o powder_n in_o mine_n in_o the_o use_n of_o a_o mine_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o to_o be_v suspect_v nor_o more_o perilous_a than_o a_o countermine_n from_o the_o enemy_n to_o avoid_v which_o the_o way_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v do_v be_v to_o be_v decline_v either_o on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o other_o as_o occasion_n and_o the_o site_n of_o the_o place_n will_v suffer_v a_o mine_n therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o right_a line_n but_o courb_v and_o crooked_a and_o the_o side_n thereof_o be_v in_o many_o place_n to_o be_v bore_v with_o long_a and_o fit_a piercer_n of_o iron_n that_o so_o the_o enemy_n counter-mining_a may_v be_v hear_v which_o can_v be_v so_o close_o nor_o secret_o wrought_v upon_o but_o by_o this_o mean_n may_v be_v discover_v and_o hear_v in_o the_o carry_v likewise_o of_o a_o well-contrived_a mine_n a_o especial_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v against_o the_o sink_a and_o fall_v down_o of_o the_o earth_n from_o above_o whereby_o the_o miner_n may_v be_v bury_v to_o prevent_v which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v well_o four_v or_o underprop_v with_o piece_n or_o pillar_n of_o timber_n seven_o foot_n high_a if_o the_o part_n will_v bear_v it_o and_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o mine_n be_v to_o be_v five_o foot_n side_v with_o plank_n and_o roof_v with_o board_n and_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v find_v over-moist_a and_o store_v with_o spring_n of_o water_n it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v floore_v with_o board_n leave_v a_o small_a trench_n for_o the_o water_n to_o pass_v away_o or_o dig_v some_o small_a well_n to_o the_o same_o intent_n the_o mine_n be_v thus_o and_o in_o this_o manner_n conduct_v to_o the_o destinate_a part_n where_o it_o be_v to_o do_v execution_n a_o bed_n or_o chamber_n be_v to_o be_v frame_v for_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o powder_n the_o which_o be_v lodge_v in_o it_o to_o a_o sufficiency_n be_v to_o be_v very_o careful_o close_v up_o that_o no_o air_n may_v enter_v save_v only_o at_o that_o small_a hole_n through_o which_o the_o train_n of_o powder_n be_v to_o pass_v into_o the_o chamber_n or_o bed_n of_o the_o mine_n whereby_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o powder_n may_v be_v fire_v at_o the_o time_n when_o it_o be_v to_o do_v execution_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o near_a the_o passage_n or_o thoroughfare_n of_o the_o mine_n approach_v to_o the_o chamber_n the_o narrow_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o that_o though_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o mine_n it_o may_v be_v seven_o foot_n high_a and_o five_o foot_n broad_a and_o at_o the_o half_a way_n five_o foot_n high_a and_o four_o foot_n broad_a yet_o at_o the_o very_a chamber_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v large_a than_o only_a for_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o barrel_n of_o powder_n to_o be_v put_v in_o one_o after_o another_o but_o above_o all_o thing_n a_o especial_a care_n be_v to_o be_v have_v by_o the_o conductor_n of_o the_o mine_n that_o before_o he_o begin_v his_o work_n he_o be_v very_o attentive_a and_o diligent_a in_o take_v the_o exact_a distance_n that_o be_v to_o be_v between_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o and_o the_o end_n with_o the_o precise_a consideration_n of_o all_o its_o wind_a and_o traverse_n that_o so_o he_o may_v be_v sure_a of_o the_o right_a place_n of_o the_o bed_n of_o the_o mine_n under_o the_o part_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v to_o do_v execution_n lest_o otherwise_o not_o only_o the_o whole_a labour_n and_o cost_n be_v lose_v but_o prove_v prejudicial_a to_o his_o own_o party_n to_o which_o end_n also_o the_o declination_n or_o slope_v of_o the_o chamber_n or_o bed_n be_v to_o be_v make_v parallel_n to_o the_o scarp_n of_o the_o wall_n for_o if_o it_o decline_v either_o more_o or_o less_o than_o the_o scarp_n it_o will_v there_o break_v forth_o because_o it_o shall_v there_o find_v the_o least_o resistance_n and_o so_o in_o stead_n of_o a_o assaultable_a breach_n make_v only_o a_o small_a hole_n in_o the_o rampart_n and_o thus_o far_o touch_v the_o conduction_n of_o mine_n and_o the_o fire_n of_o they_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o breach_n and_o the_o assault_n how_o the_o ditch_n be_v to_o be_v pass_v over_o the_o mine_n be_v thus_o fit_v and_o fire_v before_o any_o assault_n be_v offer_v or_o attempt_v the_o breach_n be_v to_o be_v view_v and_o judge_v whether_o it_o be_v assaultable_a or_o no_o and_o all_o the_o defence_n be_v to_o be_v take_v away_o both_o in_o front_n and_o flank_n and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o plant_v the_o cannon_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o may_v thorough_o discover_v they_o and_o hereby_o the_o assailant_n put_v upon_o the_o breach_n with_o the_o better_a security_n and_o hope_n of_o success_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o themselves_o as_o of_o their_o second_o and_o three_o if_o need_v be_v as_o for_o the_o order_n of_o the_o soldier_n which_o be_v to_o assault_v some_o appoint_v the_o arm_a man_n to_o be_v flank_v with_o the_o shot_n other_o put_v the_o shot_n in_o the_o front_n and_o rear_n of_o the_o arm_a man_n but_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o conceive_v the_o most_o approve_a order_n to_o be_v that_o the_o arm_a man_n be_v flank_v with_o shot_n only_o place_v some_o three_o or_o four_o rank_n of_o
a_o private_a company_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o army_n to_o exercise_v a_o company_n exact_o it_o be_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o corporalship_n and_o then_o subdivide_v into_o as_o many_o file_n as_o the_o number_n will_v bear_v and_o every_o file_n into_o fellowship_n or_o camerado_n the_o corporal_n of_o every_o corporalship_n be_v to_o be_v the_o leader_n of_o the_o chief_a file_n thereof_o and_o the_o lanceprisado_n who_o in_o the_o corporal_n absence_n when_o he_o be_v upon_o the_o guard_n or_o elsewhere_o execute_v the_o corporal_n duty_n be_v to_o lead_v another_o file_n and_o the_o practic_n and_o ready_a man_n of_o every_o corporalship_n be_v to_o lead_v the_o rest_n the_o company_n be_v thus_o divide_v and_o order_v these_o thing_n be_v main_o to_o be_v teach_v the_o carriage_n and_o use_n of_o arm_n march_n and_o motion_n and_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o drum_n and_o word_n of_o command_n and_o direction_n which_o be_v right_o term_v the_o soldier_n vocabula_fw-la artis_fw-la the_o carriage_n of_o arm_n be_v to_o be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o most_o of_o comeliness_n and_o use_n the_o use_n of_o the_o pike_n be_v either_o in_o receive_v or_o give_v a_o charge_n by_o be_v teach_v the_o first_o the_o soldier_n learn_v to_o withstand_v the_o horse_n by_o the_o second_o to_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n pike_n and_o to_o understand_v when_o and_o how_o every_o man_n and_o so_o every_o rank_n be_v to_o give_v their_o push_n or_o blow_v in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o musket_n the_o soldier_n be_v first_o to_o learn_v how_o to_o present_v his_o piece_n how_o to_o take_v his_o level_n and_o when_o to_o give_v his_o volley_n with_o those_o of_o his_o rank_n now_o the_o ancient_a and_o vulgar_a manner_n of_o discipline_n for_o the_o give_v of_o volley_n of_o shot_n be_v that_o all_o the_o shot_n of_o one_o corporalship_n shall_v give_v fire_n at_o once_o but_o this_o be_v absolute_o condemnable_a 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be_v to_o fall_v back_o and_o the_o second_o to_o come_v in_o their_o room_n and_o so_o the_o three_o four_o and_o the_o rest_n and_o by_o this_o course_n the_o man_n be_v command_v man_n the_o volley_n may_v be_v continue_v and_o the_o enemy_n never_o free_a from_o annoyance_n and_o all_o this_o be_v easy_o perform_v if_o at_o the_o first_o all_o the_o shot_n be_v cause_v to_o open_v their_o file_n to_o open_a distance_n but_o because_o even_o this_o also_o be_v defective_a in_o respect_n that_o there_o can_v be_v bring_v up_o so_o many_o hand_n to_o give_v fire_n at_o once_o upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o absolute_a soldier_n the_o late_a king_n of_o swedeland_n discipline_v his_o shot_n to_o give_v fire_n three_o rank_n at_o once_o and_o this_o be_v do_v by_o cause_v the_o first_o rank_n to_o give_v their_o volley_n upon_o their_o knee_n the_o second_o somewhat_o stoop_v over_o their_o leader_n head_n the_o three_o rank_n stand_v upright_o to_o give_v their_o 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may_v be_v thus_o deliver_v although_o the_o whole_a file_n of_o man_n shall_v consist_v but_o of_o fifteen_o in_o all_o as_o for_o the_o discipline_n belong_v to_o march_n after_o every_o man_n once_o know_v his_o proper_a place_n and_o understand_v how_o to_o observe_v his_o file_n and_o rank_n there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n at_o all_o in_o a_o plain_a march_n in_o a_o countermarch_v also_o if_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o file_n be_v well_o choose_v and_o that_o every_o man_n observe_v his_o lead_a man_n there_o be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n neither_o as_o touch_v motion_n some_o be_v perform_v without_o change_n of_o place_n by_o turn_v only_o their_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o to_o the_o left_a or_o about_o as_o the_o enemy_n be_v find_v to_o charge_n either_o in_o flank_n or_o rear_n some_o require_v a_o change_n of_o place_n and_o these_o motion_n be_v perform_v by_o remove_v from_o one_o rank_n to_o another_o and_o then_o some_o move_v and_o some_o stand_v still_o and_o these_o kind_n of_o motion_n be_v call_v doubling_n of_o rank_n and_o doubling_n of_o file_n as_o the_o enemy_n or_o ground_n shall_v give_v cause_n to_o make_v the_o front_n or_o flank_n great_a or_o lesser_a there_o be_v beside_o these_o another_o kind_n of_o motion_n to_o be_v teach_v in_o which_o all_o do_v move_v and_o yet_o none_o do_v march_v and_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o open_n and_o close_v of_o file_n and_o be_v practise_v not_o only_a when_o one_o rank_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o another_o or_o the_o whole_a brigade_n to_o make_v a_o countermarch_v but_o also_o when_o there_o be_v a_o intention_n to_o draw_v the_o troop_n together_o in_o haste_n and_o yet_o in_o order_n more_o to_o the_o one_o hand_n then_o the_o other_o and_o thus_o far_o only_o shall_v be_v speak_v in_o this_o place_n touch_v motion_n intend_v to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a of_o the_o use_n of_o they_o hereafter_o concern_v the_o understanding_n of_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o drum_n the_o soldier_n be_v to_o be_v teach_v not_o only_o to_o know_v and_o observe_v what_o the_o drummer_n beat_v but_o what_o time_n he_o keep_v in_o beat_v that_z according_o they_o may_v hasten_v or_o slack_v their_o marching_n as_o by_o the_o voice_n they_o be_v call_v upon_o to_o all_o other_o motion_n of_o which_o likewise_o we_o shall_v say_v more_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v chap._n iu._n of_o great_a gun_n due_a to_o a_o army-royal_a of_o the_o kind_n and_o choice_n of_o they_o of_o the_o number_n of_o horse_n to_o draw_v great_a gun_n the_o best_a way_n of_o draw_v heavy_a gun_n we_o have_v go_v thus_o far_o towards_o the_o proportion_v of_o the_o body_n of_o a_o army_n as_o to_o bring_v the_o man_n or_o body_n together_o to_o fit_v they_o with_o chief_n and_o commander_n and_o to_o give_v they_o some_o knowledge_n in_o the_o use_n of_o their_o arm_n we_o have_v likewise_o speak_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o our_o first_o book_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o arm_n as_o be_v fit_v for_o the_o person_n of_o man_n and_o be_v portable_a in_o their_o hand_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o give_v some_o advertisement_n touch_v those_o sort_n of_o arm_n or_o weapon_n which_o be_v to_o be_v carry_v with_o army_n but_o be_v not_o portable_a by_o the_o man_n and_o these_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o artillery_n or_o great_a gun_n of_o which_o though_o we_o have_v speak_v somewhat_o in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o our_o treatise_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o of_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v lodge_v in_o fort_n and_o town_n of_o war_n and_o to_o be_v employ_v against_o they_o and_o not_o of_o those_o to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o field_n and_o to_o accompany_v and_o march_v with_o a_o
much_o of_o the_o range_a and_o order_v of_o army_n for_o a_o fight_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o ensue_a chapter_n give_v some_o advertisement_n touch_v the_o dislodging_n retreat_n and_o entrenchment_n of_o a_o camp-royal_a chap._n ix_o observation_n upon_o the_o certainty_n of_o order_n for_o dislodging_n a_o camp_n of_o retreat_n when_o to_o be_v make_v in_o a_o campagne_n and_o when_o to_o be_v make_v in_o narrow_n how_o to_o be_v order_v and_o the_o reason_n of_o a_o army_n force_v to_o lodge_v in_o open_a field_n of_o the_o encamp_a of_o a_o army_n of_o the_o form_n of_o trench_n of_o guard_n due_a to_o entrenchment_n and_o where_o to_o be_v place_v form_n of_o entrenchment_n when_o a_o overpowerful_a enemy_n be_v very_o near_o be_v in_o this_o chapter_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o dislodging_n retreat_n and_o entrenchment_n of_o a_o camp-royal_a we_o will_v first_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o of_o they_o a_o army_n be_v to_o dislodge_v and_o the_o general_n have_v give_v notice_n hereof_o to_o the_o lord_n marshal_n he_o the_o marshal_n be_v to_o do_v the_o like_a to_o the_o quarter-master-general_n and_o the_o quartermaster_n to_o the_o provost-marshal-general_n and_o he_o to_o the_o quartermaster_n of_o the_o regiment_n and_o they_o to_o the_o colonel_n and_o captain_n and_o those_o to_o their_o subordinate_a officer_n who_o be_v to_o warn_v the_o common_a man_n now_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o provost-marshal-general_n be_v to_o give_v order_n to_o the_o provost-marshal_n of_o the_o regiment_n that_o they_o give_v command_n to_o the_o pioner_n suckler_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v not_o soldier_n to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n and_o employ_v themselves_o in_o the_o fill_n up_o of_o the_o trench_n that_o they_o be_v to_o forsake_v and_o in_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o quarter_n and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v while_o the_o whole_a camp_n be_v put_v themselves_o into_o their_o arm_n that_o so_o nothing_o may_v remain_v entire_a to_o give_v relief_n or_o any_o way_n to_o serve_v the_o enemy_n turn_v after_o they_o be_v forsake_v by_o themselves_o this_o be_v do_v and_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o scout_n send_v before_o to_o make_v discovery_n that_o corner_n or_o wing_n of_o the_o army_n which_o lie_v next_o to_o the_o enemy_n be_v first_o to_o stir_v second_v by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vanguard_n then_o succee_v the_o other_o wing_n and_o then_o march_v the_o battle_n follow_v by_o the_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n cover_v with_o the_o rearguard_n close_v with_o troop_n of_o horse_n serve_v withal_o as_o scout_n to_o the_o army_n and_o to_o beat_v up_o straggler_n this_o have_v be_v receive_v for_o a_o general_a order_n of_o dislodging_n but_o sure_o this_o can_v be_v so_o precise_o and_o punctual_o observe_v but_o may_v and_o must_v suffer_v alteration_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n and_o ground_n that_o the_o dislodging_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o for_o hereby_o a_o army_n may_v 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receive_v all_o charge_n this_o do_v the_o battle_n or_o middle-guard_n be_v to_o move_v and_o in_o all_o point_n to_o observe_v the_o order_n and_o manner_n fore-practised_n by_o the_o rear_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o van_n to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o when_o the_o rear_n and_o middle-guard_n have_v again_o make_v alt_z the_o van_n itself_o be_v to_o retreat_n and_o to_o have_v the_o wing_n of_o the_o horse_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o move_v and_o flank_n with_o it_o and_o lest_o the_o enemy_n shall_v charge_v upon_o the_o rear_n some_o number_n of_o musqueteer_n with_o some_o cornet_n of_o horse_n be_v to_o man_n it_o and_o thus_o may_v a_o whole_a army_n maintain_v and_o continue_v a_o retreat_n so_o long_o as_o the_o enemy_n shall_v continue_v in_o a_o pursuit_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v a_o champion_n but_o if_o a_o army_n in_o the_o retreat_n the_o enemy_n follow_v be_v to_o pass_v through_o any_o narrow_n as_o upon_o dikes_n through_o lane_n over_o bridge_n in_o this_o case_n assoon_o as_o any_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v enter_v any_o of_o these_o strait_n the_o horse_n be_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o that_o first_o division_n and_o in_o the_o room_n whence_o these_o horse_n depart_v a_o strong_a stand_n of_o pike_n well_o flank_v with_o musqueteer_n be_v to_o make_v it_o good_a against_o the_o enemy_n horse_n and_o to_o stand_v firm_a and_o keep_v their_o ground_n and_o for_o the_o bring_n off_o of_o these_o pike_n and_o shot_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a that_o some_o brest-work_n or_o half_a moon_n or_o both_o be_v cast_v up_o at_o the_o point_n of_o the_o entrance_n upon_o the_o narrow_a wherein_o musqueteer_n be_v to_o be_v lodge_v and_o if_o cause_n require_v some_o small_a field-piece_n as_o drake_n or_o the_o like_a to_o beat_v upon_o the_o enemy_n at_o his_o approach_n and_o make_v good_a the_o entrance_n the_o which_o small_a piece_n may_v be_v bring_v off_o upon_o the_o narrow_a in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o upon_o their_o proper_a carriage_n with_o their_o muzzle_n towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o be_v guard_v and_o secure_v by_o the_o pike_n in_o who_o rear_n they_o retreat_n now_o the_o ground_n and_o motive_n of_o this_o order_n be_v that_o though_o during_o a_o retreat_n in_o a_o champain_n and_o open_a ground_n the_o horse_n may_v be_v order_v to_o come_v up_o and_o retreat_v in_o the_o rear_n because_o with_o a_o small_a wheel_a about_o they_o may_v advantageous_o charge_v the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o flank_n if_o they_o shall_v attempt_v to_o fall_v on_o upon_o that_o rear_n and_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o foot_n also_o with_o face_n about_o may_v the_o while_o receive_v the_o enemy_n charge_v with_o the_o body_n of_o their_o pike_n and_o gall_v they_o with_o the_o shot_n wherewith_o they_o be_v line_v yet_o when_o a_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v in_o any_o straight_a these_o horse_n shall_v then_o best_o secure_v themselves_o by_o wheel_v about_o into_o that_o rear_n of_o the_o division_n of_o foot_n which_o have_v first_o enter_v upon_o that_o straight_a for_o hereby_o a_o stand_n or_o alt_z may_v be_v make_v good_a against_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o pike_n which_o be_v not_o enter_v upon_o the_o straight_a and_o these_o pike_n bring_v off_o under_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o field-piece_n and_o musqueteer_n in_o the_o half_a moon_n and_o behind_o the_o brest-work_n former_o mention_v and_o they_o themselves_o bring_v off_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o last_o rear_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o drake_n or_o field-piece_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o they_o to_o be_v secure_v partly_o by_o their_o own_o beat_n upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o they_o retreat_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o last_o reserve_v of_o pike_n and_o shot_n when_o he_o charge_v home_o and_o the_o want_n of_o the_o make_v use_n of_o this_o order_n in_o our_o retreat_n at_o the_o island_n of_o rey_n be_v the_o visible_a cause_n of_o our_o miscarry_v in_o it_o for_o all_o the_o while_o we_o march_v in_o open_a ground_n though_o all_o our_o horse_n retreat_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o our_o foot_n and_o the_o enemy_n both_o in_o horse_n and_o foot_n double_v our_o number_n yet_o meddle_v they_o not_o with_o we_o but_o make_v alt_z when_o we_o do_v and_o march_v when_o we_o do_v but_o our_o force_n be_v get_v up_o to_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o dike_n betwixt_o the_o salt_n pan_n and_o our_o van_n and_o middle-guard_n well_o enter_v upon_o the_o dike_n and_o the_o front_n of_o our_o rear_n so_o close_o up_o with_o they_o that_o our_o horse_n can_v not_o wheel_v to_o put_v themselves_o betwixt_o the_o rear_n of_o they_o and_o the_o front_n of_o our_o rear_n the_o enemy_n
his_o place_n unto_o he_o that_o do_v first_o discover_v the_o default_n unto_o the_o constable_n or_o marshal_n and_o that_o every_o one_o in_o who_o custody_n this_o prisoner_n shall_v chance_v to_o be_v be_v to_o be_v careful_a to_o conceal_v from_o he_o all_o the_o secret_n and_o avenue_n upon_o the_o camp_n to_o which_o end_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suffer_v to_o walk_v at_o large_a nor_o to_o range_v about_o without_o a_o good_a guard_n upon_o he_o and_o this_o upon_o pain_n of_o lose_v his_o prisoner_n ransom_n whereof_o the_o one_o three_o part_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v to_o his_o captain_n the_o other_o three_o to_o the_o constable_n and_o the_o last_o to_o the_o informer_n and_o the_o person_n also_o of_o the_o delinquent_n to_o be_v under_o arrest_n at_o the_o general_n pleasure_n neither_o be_v any_o man_n to_o ransom_v his_o prisoner_n without_o licence_n of_o the_o general_n or_o the_o constable_n or_o marshal_n nor_o any_o private_a person_n to_o give_v any_o safe-conduct_n to_o any_o prisoner_n upon_o pain_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o his_o body_n to_o be_v under_o arrest_n during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o whosoever_o violate_v the_o king_n or_o general_n safe-conduct_n be_v to_o be_v hang_v draw_v and_o quarter_v and_o be_v thus_o fall_v upon_o the_o punishment_n of_o delinquent_n in_o a_o martial_a way_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n say_v somewhat_o of_o martial_a court_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o martial_a court_n in_o a_o army_n royal_a the_o manner_n of_o trial_n in_o they_o of_o the_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o delinquent_n in_o these_o court_n of_o punishment_n in_o crime_n not_o capital_a in_o a_o well_o discipline_v army_n three_o several_a kind_n of_o martial_a court_n be_v to_o be_v institute_v for_o it_o be_v a_o novelty_n to_o have_v martial_a law_n deny_v in_o the_o government_n of_o a_o army_n in_o the_o field_n and_o a_o absurd_a one_o the_o first_o martial_a court_n consist_v of_o all_o the_o commander_n in_o chief_a with_o the_o colonel_n and_o judge-marshal_n general_n and_o this_o court_n after_o due_a notice_n take_v of_o the_o offence_n pronounce_v sentence_n according_o and_o from_o this_o court_n lie_v no_o appeal_n but_o to_o it_o may_v appeal_n be_v make_v from_o any_o of_o the_o other_o two_o in_o the_o second_o rank_n be_v those_o court_n which_o be_v weekly_a hold_v in_o every_o regiment_n and_o often_o if_o cause_n require_v and_o the_o colonel_n of_o the_o regiment_n with_o the_o judge-marshal_n here_o sit_v in_o their_o several_a court_n and_o pronounce_v sentence_n upon_o the_o delinquent_n of_o their_o several_a regiment_n of_o the_o three_o rank_n be_v that_o court_n where_o the_o judge-marshal_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o judge-marshal_n of_o the_o regiment_n sit_v and_o only_o they_o and_o this_o court_n take_v notice_n of_o all_o cause_n both_o criminal_a and_o civil_a and_o be_v institute_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o commander_n and_o into_o this_o court_n the_o offender_n and_o their_o offence_n be_v present_v by_o the_o provost-marshal_n of_o the_o regiment_n who_o office_n also_o it_o be_v to_o produce_v the_o accuser_n and_o to_o attend_v the_o trial_n and_o censure_n the_o which_o they_o be_v also_o to_o see_v execute_v touch_v the_o manner_n and_o form_n of_o the_o trial_n in_o all_o these_o court_n they_o be_v not_o much_o dissonant_n from_o those_o in_o court_n criminal_a ordinary_o practise_v for_o the_o accuser_n be_v hear_v upon_o their_o oath_n as_o also_o the_o witness_n and_o the_o accuse_v have_v full_a liberty_n to_o speak_v for_o themselves_o and_o be_v to_o be_v hear_v with_o patience_n and_o equanimitie_n only_o the_o decision_n in_o stead_n of_o common_a juror_n be_v pass_v by_o most_o voice_n be_v the_o vote_n of_o such_o commander_n as_o sit_v judge_n in_o the_o several_a court_n and_o the_o censure_n pronounce_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o the_o judge-marshal_n or_o in_o his_o absence_n by_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o court_n for_o the_o time_n be_v who_o be_v common_o the_o most_o eminent_a officer_n among_o they_o and_o these_o form_n and_o course_n of_o trial_n seem_v to_o i_o without_o exception_n and_o be_v so_o proper_a and_o essential_a to_o the_o well_o regulate_v and_o government_n of_o a_o army_n in_o regard_n that_o delay_n of_o execution_n upon_o delinquent_n in_o many_o case_n can_v be_v endure_v without_o thousand_o of_o variety_n of_o danger_n that_o for_o my_o part_n i_o can_v understand_v how_o a_o army_n can_v subsist_v without_o they_o as_o for_o the_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o delinquent_n by_o these_o court_n in_o capital_a cause_n they_o be_v shoot_v to_o death_n which_o be_v hold_v the_o fair_a hang_v and_o sometime_o impale_v that_o delinquent_n be_v to_o be_v shoot_v to_o death_n who_o kill_v any_o man_n in_o duel_n within_o canonshot_n of_o the_o camp_n or_o that_o make_v any_o attempt_n upon_o the_o enemy_n without_o direction_n or_o leave_n from_o his_o superior_a commander_n he_o be_v to_o be_v hang_v that_o rob_v murder_n desperate_o and_o obstinate_o blaspheme_v that_o be_v a_o mutineer_n or_o a_o inciter_n of_o mutiny_n that_o rescu_v offender_n from_o the_o execution_n of_o a_o censure_n that_o strike_v his_o commander_n that_o wilful_o discharge_v his_o piece_n to_o give_v a_o false_a alarm_n in_o the_o night_n or_o in_o any_o ambush_n by_o day_n that_o license_v soldier_n for_o money_n to_o leave_v the_o army_n without_o leave_n of_o the_o general_n that_o take_v pay_v of_o two_o captain_n that_o fight_n or_o quarrel_n in_o the_o instant_n of_o service_n or_o upon_o the_o expectation_n in_o which_o case_n also_o it_o be_v permit_v for_o any_o soldier_n to_o kill_v such_o a_o soldier_n that_o absent_v himself_o from_o his_o duty_n that_o abandon_v his_o colour_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v lose_v that_o disperse_v false_a news_n or_o report_n of_o purpose_n to_o discourage_v his_o companion_n that_o straggle_v from_o his_o colour_n in_o a_o march_n or_o keep_v not_o his_o appoint_a place_n that_o give_v not_o the_o alarm_n to_o the_o camp_n upon_o just_a cause_n when_o he_o stand_v centinel_n that_o answer_v not_o all_o alarm_n that_o go_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n or_o trench_n by_o any_o extraordinary_a way_n save_o the_o common_a one_o that_o sell_v his_o horse_n or_o arm_n when_o service_n be_v expect_v that_o succour_v not_o his_o general_n or_o captain_n be_v in_o danger_n that_o quit_v a_o place_n commit_v to_o his_o charge_n be_v not_o enforce_v by_o the_o enemy_n that_o offender_n be_v to_o be_v empale_v that_o willing_o and_o of_o purpose_n change_v the_o watchword_n or_o make_v it_o know_v to_o the_o enemy_n that_o commit_v treason_n against_o the_o person_n of_o the_o general_n or_o army_n in_o general_a that_o poison_v the_o artillery_n or_o by_o any_o way_n malicious_o make_v it_o unserviceable_a or_o endeavour_n to_o make_v it_o so_o and_o last_o that_o entertain_v any_o secret_a intelligence_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o these_o be_v the_o capital_a punishment_n for_o capital_a offence_n as_o for_o the_o inferior_a and_o less_o capital_a he_o be_v to_o be_v imprison_v that_o fight_n swagger_n swear_v cousin_n drink_v drink_v that_o be_v a_o common_a gamester_n absent_v himself_o from_o his_o quarter_n by_o night_n that_o pay_v not_o the_o merchant_n artificer_n or_o victualler_n their_o due_n that_o either_o by_o negligence_n or_o folly_n discover_v any_o purpose_n or_o intention_n of_o the_o army_n that_o strike_v or_o beat_v any_o soldier_n without_o cause_n that_o neglect_v divine_a service_n he_o be_v to_o undergo_v the_o cudgel_n that_o be_v contumax_n or_o insolent_a towards_o his_o commander_n that_o keep_v not_o his_o arm_n clean_a and_o in_o point_n that_o either_o sell_v or_o pawn_n his_o arm_n or_o buy_v or_o take_v any_o arm_n to_o pawn_v he_o be_v to_o be_v disarm_v or_o banish_v the_o army_n or_o strappado_v or_o whip_v but_o this_o last_o be_v seldom_o to_o be_v give_v to_o a_o soldier_n that_o shall_v obstinate_o persevere_v in_o any_o crime_n whatsoever_o and_o these_o and_o such_o as_o these_o be_v the_o crime_n punishable_a in_o martial_a court_n and_o indeed_o any_o other_o crime_n whatsoever_o which_o shall_v tend_v to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o army_n or_o the_o debanch_n of_o the_o soldier_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o lay_n and_o prevent_v of_o ambushment_n how_o a_o discovery_n upon_o a_o enemy_n may_v best_o be_v make_v of_o the_o fit_a place_n for_o ambushment_n of_o the_o service_n of_o horseman_n and_o footman_n which_o to_o be_v prefer_v we_o shall_v in_o this_o chapter_n give_v some_o advertisement_n and_o that_o very_o brief_o about_o two_o particular_n not_o yet_o mention_v touch_v the_o lay_v out_o of_o ambushment_n with_o the_o prevention_n of_o fall_v into_o they_o and_o the_o
between_o eumenes_n and_o craterus_n mention_v by_o plutarch_n in_o vita_fw-la eumenis_fw-la where_o eumenes_n place_v the_o horse_n before_o his_o foot_n do_v it_o say_v the_o author_n because_o he_o hold_v they_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o strength_n and_o therefore_o put_v upon_o they_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o day_n and_o herein_o show_v himself_o both_o in_o counsel_n and_o action_n a_o brave_a and_o well-experienced_a general_n as_o for_o the_o best_a form_n and_o fashion_n of_o horse-battel_n the_o most_o ancient_a and_o then_o the_o most_o common_a be_v that_o of_o a_o rhombe_n and_o this_o be_v in_o special_a account_n with_o the_o thessalian_n witness_n aelian_a cap._n 18._o who_o be_v reckon_v for_o the_o best_a horseman_n of_o greece_n as_o xenothon_n report_v they_o in_o his_o hist._n graec._n lib._n 7._o 644._o d._n and_o hold_v that_o account_n to_o the_o time_n of_o king_n pyrrus_n and_o for_o this_o form_n these_o reason_n be_v give_v that_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o all_o encounter_n because_o the_o horse_n thus_o posture_v be_v ready_a to_o turn_v face_n about_o any_o way_n upon_o all_o occasion_n that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v surprise_v in_o flank_n or_o rear_n as_o have_v the_o best_a and_o choice_a man_n in_o the_o flank_n and_o the_o commander_n in_o every_o point_n of_o the_o rhombe_n but_o the_o practice_n of_o our_o day_n consist_v most_o in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o horse_n into_o square_a body_n and_o the_o ground_n hereof_o be_v that_o these_o form_n be_v with_o most_o ease_n and_o facility_n to_o be_v put_v in_o order_n that_o they_o be_v apt_a for_o the_o joint_a move_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o that_o the_o commander_n do_v joint_o charge_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o front_n which_o in_o no_o form_n can_v be_v do_v but_o this_o to_o speak_v free_o of_o both_o these_o form_n i_o opine_n with_o they_o who_o hold_v that_o the_o rhombe_n in_o point_n of_o pierce_a and_o artificial_a break_n into_o the_o battle_n of_o a_o army_n be_v the_o most_o proper_a unless_o perhaps_o that_o a_o wedge_n be_v in_o the_o same_o case_n to_o be_v prefer_v for_o be_v narrow_a and_o point_a in_o the_o front_n it_o natural_o force_v a_o passage_n with_o the_o point_n and_o withal_o make_v way_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n to_o follow_v and_o so_o without_o much_o ado_n pierce_v far_a and_o far_o it_o must_v necessary_o hazard_v the_o break_n of_o the_o adverse_a battle_n and_o so_o disperse_v it_o that_o afterward_o execution_n may_v be_v do_v at_o pleasure_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o square_a horse-battel_n in_o respect_n of_o do_v execution_n and_o violent_a overthrow_v of_o all_o in_o its_o way_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o other_o for_o it_o bring_v more_o hand_n to_o fight_v and_o bear_v down_o all_o thing_n before_o it_o so_o that_o i_o see_v not_o but_o both_o these_o form_n of_o horse-battel_n may_v be_v hold_v in_o use_n even_o in_o these_o time_n the_o one_o for_o entrance_n the_o other_o for_o bear_v down_o this_o for_o a_o thorough_a execution_n that_o for_o a_o dispersion_n but_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n more_o in_o the_o order_n of_o horse-battel_n of_o especial_a observation_n and_o that_o be_v their_o depth_n of_o which_o leo_n his_o opinion_n be_v cap._n 12._o sect_n 40._o that_o a_o horse-battel_n be_v only_o to_o be_v four_o in_o depth_n and_o his_o reason_n be_v that_o bear_v lance_n the_o five_o be_v unprofitable_a because_o from_o thence_o their_o lance_n can_v not_o reach_v to_o the_o front_n neither_o say_v he_o can_v horse_n as_o foot_n with_o their_o thickness_n or_o depth_n thrust_v one_o another_o forward_o from_o behind_o and_o therefore_o in_o his_o opinion_n the_o number_n of_o four_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o depth_n in_o file_n and_o yet_o we_o find_v in_o polybius_n that_o the_o horse_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o his_o time_n order_v eight_o in_o depth_n but_o this_o be_v in_o the_o age_n of_o lance_n in_o our_o now_o pistol-world_n i_o find_v the_o king_n of_o swedens_fw-fr horse_n which_o be_v order_v in_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o van_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o lipzwick_n to_o be_v four_o in_o depth_n and_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o rear_n to_o be_v five_o in_o depth_n and_o so_o likewise_o be_v tilly_n horse_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o lutzen_n the_o king_n of_o swedens_fw-fr horse_n be_v in_o no_o place_n above_o three_o in_o depth_n whereas_o walsteins_n horse_n be_v every_o where_o six_o it_o seem_v therefore_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o certain_a rule_n touch_v this_o particular_a but_o that_o it_o must_v be_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o horse_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o enlarge_a the_o front_n so_o that_o aelian_o proportion_n may_v be_v receive_v with_o most_o approbation_n for_o the_o general_a which_o be_v to_o double_v the_o number_n of_o the_o front_n to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o flank_n and_o as_o the_o number_n of_o the_o troop_n arise_v to_o enlarge_v the_o length_n of_o the_o front_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o flank_n proportionable_o one_o to_o another_o yet_o will_v i_o not_o have_v it_o to_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o eight_o at_o any_o time_n in_o depth_n nor_o under_o four_o for_o the_o one_o extreme_a lose_v the_o fight_n of_o some_o hand_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o over-depth_n and_o the_o other_o be_v over-weak_a to_o sustain_v any_o great_a shock_n i_o shall_v add_v one_o thing_n more_o which_o may_v concern_v both_o horse_n and_o foot_n concern_v word_n of_o command_n touch_v which_o i_o find_v that_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a use_n witness_n polyen_n lib._n 4.217_o sect_n 2._o that_o when_o the_o horse_n be_v command_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o staff_n that_o be_v to_o that_o side_n where_o the_o staff_n or_o lance_n be_v then_o carry_v and_o when_o they_o be_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o word_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o reins_o because_o the_o reins_o 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