Selected quad for the lemma: enemy_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
enemy_n	advance_v	army_n	march_v	1,313	5	8.1705	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A34677	The history of the life and death of His Most Serene Highness, Oliver, late Lord Protector wherein, from his cradle to his tomb, are impartially transmitted to posterity, the most weighty transactions forreign or domestique that have happened in his time, either in matters of law, proceedings in Parliaments, or other affairs in church or state / by S. Carrington.	Carrington, S. (Samuel)	1659 (1659)	Wing C643; ESTC R19445	140,406	292

had begun by a most solemn and terrible Imprecation beseeching that in testimony of the truth of all these particulars the great God of Heaven through his infinite mercy pardoning their failings and weaknesses would judge betwixt them when they should come to joyn in battle with their Enemies This Manifesto was sent from the Generals quarters as then at Barwick to the Metropolitan of Scotland by a Trumpet whose eyes the Scots did blinde both going and coming Meanwhile the Army advanced as farre as the Lord Mordingtons Castle on the 22 of July 1650. and refreshed there three days on the 25. they advanced towards Copperspeth and the 26. they arrived at Dunban where the Army received those Ammunitions wherewith such Ships were laden as were come thither on purpose to observe the motions of the Army by reason that the Peasants had abandoned their dwellings not leaving so much as any thing which might serve for refreshing The Army being somewhat refreshed at Dunbar marched toward Haddington and the next day understood that the Enemies were disposed to give them battle on a Heath called Gladsmore so that the English endeavoured to possesse themselves of the place But the Scots appeared not whereupon it was resolved that Major General Lambert and Collonel Whalley persons of an approved valour and who have since proved themselves as great Politicians as they were great Commanders should with 1400. Horse advance towards Muscleborough to endeavour if possible to draw forth the Enemy and to engage him to fight whilest the rest of the Army marched up unto them whereupon there happened some slight skirmishes but the Scots would not by any means be engaged in a general Combat so that the English that night encamped hard by Muscleborough from whence the Scots were but four miles distant defended by a brest-work which they had drawn from Edinborough to Leith and which was well nigh flanked all the way by the Canon of the last place so that they were possessed of a very advantagious Port. The English being approached unto Muscleborough with a resolution to have set upon the Enemy in their works found that it was a difficult matter to force their Line and so were constrained to set down their Camp hard by that place all the day to discover the countenance of the Enemy But the desire they had to fight was somewhat abated by a great showre of rain which continued all the day and which did much incommodate them by reason they had no shelter at all On the 30. finding that they were put to it for want of Victuals and the ground being so throughly soaked by the rain as that it was farre more difficult to attempt the Enemy then before the English retired to their former quarters which begat heart in the Scots who fallyed out of their Lines and fell so fiercely upon the Rearguard of the English as that they put them into a kinde of disorder but some Squadrons of Horse fronting in the Rear and making good the ground assured the March of the foot and so vigorously continued their charge as that they had like to have brought the businesse to a general Combate had not the Commander in chief of the Scots Army caused a retreat to be sounded that so they might bring their men into their Lines again whither the English pursued them fighting all the way with their Cavallry In this Encounter Major General Lambert ingaged so farre as that he was hurt in the Arm with a Launce and received another wound in the body and once he was taken prisoner but was rescued again by Lieutenant Empson of the Generals Regiment there were but few English killed but farre more of the Scotch and amongst them some persons of quality several prisoners of theirs were also taken as a Lievtenant Colonel a Major and some Captains By which means the English recovered Muscleborough that night without being molested by the Enemy but they were so disheartened for want of sleep and so tyred by the dirty slabbery wayes as that misdoubting least the enemy being aware thereof might give them an Alarum that night they stood upon their guard and accordingly they failed not betwixt three and four of the clock in the Morning with fifteen Companies of choice Horse commanded by Major General Montgomery and Collonel Straughton to fall into the English quarters with such a vehemency as that they bare down the Guards and put a whole Regiment of Horse in disorder whereby the whole Army taking the Alarum the English charged them so home as that they put them into a rout and pursued them within half a League of Edinbourgh killing them a sufficient number both of Officers and Souldiers and taking several prisoners After which the Scots being disgusted at these their ill successes retired themselves for a while within their intrenchments where we shall also leave them to their closer guards In the meanwhile the Parliament interdicted the Commerce between England and Scotland and caused their Ships to be adjudged good Prize which contributed very much to their undoing and ruine During which they wanted for no Partisanes in England who laboured to dispose things toward the effecting of their grand design and amongst their chief Agitators Collonel Eusebius Andrewes being discovered and convinced was also condemned and beheaded on Tower-hill The whole Moneth of August passed almost away without any action in Scotland towards the latter end whereof Collington and Readhall were taken by attempt where the Lord Hamilton and Major Hamilton were taken with 60. Souldiers 60. Barrels of Powder Armes for 60 men and a considerable quantity of Victuals and other good Booty all which hapned on the 24 of August After which the whole Body of the English Army quitted the Mountains of Pencland and encamped about Collington and Readhall and the parts adjacent within one Mile of the Scotch Army on the seven and twentieth both Armies marched Flank to Flank being only seperated by a little Quagmire or Marsh-ground which hindred their Conjuction however the Canon played upon each other and on the 28th the English Canon plyed the Scots hard and endamaged them very much notwithstanding they neither quitted their Ground nor would they come to a Resolution to joyn in a closer Fight And the English having consumed all their Provisions of Victualls retired unto their former Quarters first unto Pencland Hills and afterwards unto Mussleborough whither they had much ado to reach where being some what refreshed they dreyned their Garisons assembled also their Forces and took their March toward Hoddington at which the Scots coasting their March on their right Wing did charge them with a Squadron of stout Men and as they did most briskly set upon the English so they were in like manner vigorously repulst by a Regiment of Foot commanded by Colonel Fairfax On the first day of September both Armies found themselves only seperated by the Town and the Scots being encamped in an advantagious place on the West-side of

Queens Ferry with 1600 Foot and four Troops of Horse having in his said passage lost but six men as soon as they were arrived they fell to intrenching themselves and at the same time the Generall with the body of the Army marched directly towards the Enemy to the end that in case the Scots should make a shew to march towards Fife he might charge their Rear before they should gain Sterling and the Scots being unwilling to let the day passe without driving the English out of Fife sent 4000 Horse and Foot under the command of Sir John Brown to set upon the English which obliged Generall Cromwell to send over a re-inforcement of two Regiments of Horse and two Regiments of Foot under the Command of Major Generall Lambert in lesse then 24 hours they were passed over and joyned to the others and immediately the Regiment of Colonel Okey advanced towards the Enemy which ingaged them to draw up into Battel-array and the English likewise did the same who though they were more in number then the Scots yet they had the advantage of the ground and the Scots being placed on a hill they remained face to face for the space of an hour and a half looking on each other the Scots not being willing to march down nor lose their advantage insomuch that the English at last resolved to march up towards them and set upon them so resolutely as that after a very slender contest they quite routed them and made such a butchery amongst them that they killed 2000 of their 4000 took 1400 Prisoners amongst whom Sir John Brown who commanded the Party Colonel Buchanam and severall other persons of quality on the English side there were but few slain but many hurt and in reference hereunto more Forces were sent over into Fyfe in case the whole Body of both Armies might chance to come to a generall Battell Immediatly after the English became Masters of Inchigarvy a strong Castle scituate upon a Rock in the midst of the Province of Fryth between Queens Ferry and North Ferry in which there were sixteen piece of Ordnance mounted On the twenty seventh of July all the English Army appearing before Brunt Island the Governour there of took such an Alarme thereat as that after a small Contest in a Parley he surrendred the same delivering unto the English together with the said Island all the Men of War which were found in the Haven all the Cannon of the place as also all the Armes Ammunition of War and the provision of Victuals which said Isle was very considerable for the English to make a Magazine and Storehouse for the Provisions and Ammunition for the Army Thence the Army marched to St. John's Town a very strong and considerable place into which the Enemy had but just before put a fresh Regiment who were resolved to have defended themselves very well but as soon as they saw that their Sluces were cut off by the English they lost their Courage and surrendred the place Meanwhile there happened a great change of Affairs for the Scots Army consisting in 16000 men abandoned their own Territories in hopes of establishing themselves in a better Country and by the way of Carlisle enter England General Cromwell being advertised hereof issued out immediatly such Orders as were requisite to pursue the Scots and with all possible speed the Army repassed the River of Fife upon a Bridge of Boats at Leith Major General Lambert the sooner to overtake the Enemies Rear with 3000 Horse and Dragoons followed after them and Major General Harrison with a Body of lighter Horse was commanded to get into the Van of the Enemy for to amuse and detain them whilst the General himself with the Body of the Army consisting in sixteen Regiments of Horse and Foot immediatly pursued the Enemy But not wholly to abandon the Affaires of Scotland Colonel Monk was left there with 7000 men with which alone he perfected the Conquest of that Kingdome taking immediatly after this Change of the Scene the strong Town and Castle of Sterling being a very considerable Place and also Aberdeen Dundee and the strong Castle of Dunnotters and Dunbarton with many others Insomuch as that after the passage into Fyfe was once gained the remaining parts of Scotland were so on entirely subdued and were made tributary unto the Common-wealth of England Mean while the divided Parties of the English Forces which pursued the Scots Army did quite and clean tire them out during their March setting upon them sometimes in the Van sometimes in the Rear sometimes in the Flank and finally on all sides as they saw their oportunity to disturb and annoy them Insomuch that their long and precipitated March did much weaken the Scots But that which troubled and vexed them most of all was the little hopes they saw of those promises of relief which were given them from England The Parliament having settled such good Orders in all parts as that no body durst stir or rise in Armes to their Aide In all places wheresoever the Scots came they proclaimed their King To be King of great Britain France and Ireland according to the accustomed Formes and in his Name they sent unto all those who had any Commands or were in any Authority in those parts through which they passed to rise in Armes joyntly with them but no body budged To the contrary by Order of Parliament the Trained Bands of severall Countries drew forth in Armes to hinder the Risings and to augment the Common-wealths Armies On the one side General Cromwells Army marched on the Heels of the Scots to their Terrour on the other side the Major General Lambert and Harrison waited upon their Designs and Colonel Robert Lilborn was left in Lancashire to hinder the Earl of Darby from levying men in those parts and to the same purpose severall other Bodies were placed in other places as the occasion required both to cut off the Enemies Provisions as well as his passage In case they should resolve to retreat back again or to fly away Finally the Scotch Army having reached the Town of Worcester pitched its Camp there having much debated where and in what manner they should fix upon a resting and breathing place after so long and tedious a march Whereof the Earl of Darby was no sooner assertained but he issued forth of his Island with 300 Gentlemen and Landed in Lancashire where he assembled at least 1200 men during which the Generals Regiment which was left at Manchester was Commanded to joyn with Colonel Lilborne to cut off the Earl of Darbies passage to Manchester whither he was marching to have faln upon the said Regiment but Colonel Lilborne observing his motion marched the very same way joyning Flank and Flank with the Earls Forces who deeming that he ought not to defer the Fight with Lilborne till he should have joyned with the Generals Regiment when as then he might have proved too

continued their Sappinges Upon the second of the said Month upon notice that severall Armes and Ammunitions of VVar were hidden in the Cathedrall Church at Edinborough they were transported thence VVhilst the fortifying of Leith was carried on vigorously as well as the Mines under the Castle of Edinborough that no time might be lost his late Highness whose great Soul could not live without Action and who was not to be taken up by one or two single Objects marched off with part of the Army to go and view Glascow which having done and finding that he was not in a Condition to assail it at that time he returned back to Edinborough but by the way he rased two strong Holds whither the Moss Troopers were accustomed to retreat and shelter And as the Scots had a puissent Enemy in the heart of their Country so had they a far greater in their very Bowels since it s generally confest That the greatest of all Evils which can possibly happen to a State Is the Divisions which the different professions in Religion and the other particular Interests do beget For in the North of Scotland there was a Party for the King seperated from the Churches in the VVest there was a Party for the Church seperated from the King so likewise there was a third Party more moderate who held both for King and Church and all these intestine Divisions were carryed on with such a violent animosity as that they neglected the common good and were even ready to cut each others throat The last of these parties was the strongest being composed of the General States of the Kingdome as then held at Sterling who neverthelesse stood upon their Guards as well as the several others did they being afraid of each other The Assembly of the Estates used their best endeavours to reconconcile these two parties and to this purpose treated mainly with the Colonels Carre and Straughan who seemed to be the chief Heads of the said parties but they could not prevail with them His late Highnesse who was alwayes as politick as vigilant endeavoured to make good use of their dissentions and so wrote both unto Carre and Straughan but their particular quarrels hindred them not to joyn in their general animosities against the English whom they reputed to be their common Enemy But the said proffers which were made unto them having as little wrought upon them as the care of their own preservations Colonel Whaley was commanded with a good Squadron of the Army to goe and reduce them to their obedience which he undertook not however before he had once more assayled to gain them by fair means wherefore he sent a Letter unto them both representing unto them in substance as followeth viz. That all the world knew how many amicable wayes and endeavours had been used by the English since their being in Scotland to hinder the effusion of Christian blood and although all the said undertakings had proved fruitlesse yet they still harboured the same thoughts and resolutions continuing thus that their arms were alwayes ready and open to receive and embrace them whensoever it should please God to inspire them to meet them half-way That their design was not to rule over them nor to intrench upon their liberties far lesse on their Church Government or to possesse their goods and fortunes their drift being only to advance the Lords work But if they perished in their blindnesse and would continue to harbour frivolous and vain hopes they must continue to be their enemies to their rests and declared unto them that all the miseries which should befall them hereafter either by the sword or famine would fall very heavy on their own accompt Collonel Carr sent an answer to this Letter quite in another strain then it might have been expected from persons who professed to desire nothing so much as an accommodation and this Answer was returned to Commissary General Whaley at his being at Carlisle according to the tenour following or very nigh the same That although they were not strong enough to resist the English their unjust Invasion yet that they had strength enough to undergoe it and that by their actions and sufferings they would submit themselves to the will of God untill the time of their deliverance should come That in case they should have the happinesse to perish in doing of their duties it would be too much grace that God would do unto them that they doubted not but when their miseries should be arrived at the full pitch their Fortune would then change adding that they thought it very strange that the English should mention a cessation of Arms at the same time when they laded their Subjects with Irons when they took their Towns when they imprisoned their Ministers and by this means bereaved their flocks now going astray of the only and best comforts which they had left unto them amidst their greatest miseries Concluding thus That if they would voluntarily desert and relinquish Scotland and afterwards enter upon a Treaty in such a manner as becommeth Christians to doe it would be a reciprocal grace and favour they would doe unto both Nations But these Interparlies having proved thus unprofitable the English began to fall to work again and Major Brown possessed himself of a strong place called Ball-house and afterwards took the Castle of Dorlington in which there were great store of Ammunitions of warre found and in this last some Mosse-Troopers some of which were put to death Collonel Monke likewise with a party both of Horse and Foot marched towards the Castle of Rozellar within seven miles of Edinborough which was also surrendred after some Granado Shells were fired into it Immediately after which Colonel Lambert marched with 2000 Horse towards Dumfreez in quest of Colonel Carre who was about Peblies and likewise Colonel Whalley who commanded a Squadron of that partie took Dalkeith on his march which meerly surrendred upon the threats which he sent in unto those who defended it although the walls of the said Castle were 13 foot thick and that they were well stored with Canon Arms and all kinde of warlike Ammunitions and provisions of victuals Meanwhile Colonel Lambert having with much difficulty passed the River Hamilton encamped there that night whereof Colonel Carre having notice did endeavour to surprize him the next morning at the very break of day which he likewise did very briskly but the English having opportunely taken the Alarum and being unwilling that any of the Enemies forces should escape out of their hands did surround them in such a manner as that they found themselves at one and the self same time set upon on all sides The English in a trice killed them 100 men and took as many prisoners Not could the Scotch Horse escape their clutches so that they dismounted 400. Horse-men whose Horses and baggage they brought away and might have had the men too but that they would not stand to trouble themselves with so many Prisoners