the like so that in a short space he had gotten three compleat Legions together as also Amunition Carts and all other necessaries for them In this sort did Pompey advance towards Sylla not in hast as a man that was afraid to be met with by the way but by small Journeyes lodging still where he might have the best advantage against an enemy causing the Cities wheresoever he came to declare against Carbo and for Sylla Yet three Captains who adhered to Carbo Carinna Caelius and Brutus did in three severall places compasse him in on every side thinking to have destroyed him Pompey was nothing amazed hereat but marshalling his Army he first set upon Brutus having placed his Horsemen amongst whom himself was in Person before the Battel of his Footmen and when the men at Armes of his enemy who were Gauls came to charge upon him he singled out the chiefest amongst them and ran him through with his Spear and slew him The other Gauls seeing their Champion slaine turned their backs and in their flight over ran their own Footmen so that at last they all fled for their lives Then the Cities round about being terrified with this overthrow came in and yeilded themselves to Pompey Afterwards Scipio also the Consul coming against Pompey to fight him when the Battels were ready to joyn before they threw their Darts Scipio's Souldiers saluted Pompey and went over to his side whereupon Scipio was faign to fly And lastly Carbo himself sending diverse Troops of Horse against him by the River Arsis Pompey charged them so furiously and drave them into such a place of disadvantage that being neither able to fight nor fly they delivered up themselves with their Horses Armes and all to his mercy Sylla all this while heard nothing of these overthrows which Pompey had given to his enemies but understanding his danger being environed with so many Armes fearing lest he should miscarry he made hast and marched to his relief Pompey being informed of Sylla's approach commanded his Captaines to Arme themselves and to set their Army in good array that their Generall Sylla might see how bravely they were appointed For he expected that Sylla would do him great honour as indeed he did even beyond his expectation For when Sylla saw him afar off coming towards him and his Army marshalled in such good order of Battell and his men so bravely advancing themselves being elated with their late Victories he alighted from his Horse and when Pompey came to do his duty to him and called him Emperour or Soveraigne Prince Sylla resaluted him with the same Title which made all that were present to wonder that he would give so honourable a name to so young a man as Pompey was who as yet was not made a Sanator Considering also that Sylla himself did now contend for that Title and Dignity with Marius and Scipio The intertainment also that Sylla gave him afterwards was every way answerable to the first kindnesse that he shewed him For when Pompey at any time came to him he would rise up and put off his Cap to him which he did not to any other Noble man that was about him Yet was not Pompey puffed up with all this nor the prouder for it Shortly after Sylla would have sent Pompey into Gaul now France because that Metellus the Roman Generall there was thought to have done no exploit worthy of so great an Army as he had with him But Pompey answered that there was no reason to displace an ancient Captain that was of greater fame and experience then himself Yet said he if Metellus himself be contented and will desire it of me I will willingly go and help him to end this War Metellus being informed hereof wrote for him to come Pompey then entering Gaul did of himself wonderfull explots and so revived the courage and valour of old Metellus that the War prospered exceedingly in their hands But these were but Pompey's first beginnings and were wholly obscured by the luster of those many Wars and great Battels which he fought afterwards When Sylla had over come all Italy and was proclaimed Dictator he rewarded all the great Captains and Leiutenants that had taken his part and advanced them to honourable places and Dignities in the Commonwealth freely granting whatsoever they requested of him But for Pompey highly esteeming him for his Valour and thinking that he would be a great support to him in all his Wars he sought by some meanes to ally him to himself Metella his Wife being also of the same opinion they both perswaded him to put away his Wife Antistia and to marry Aemilia who was Daughter to Metella by a former Husband though she was married to an other and now with child by him These marriages were wicked and Tyrannicall fitter for Sylla's time than agreeable to Pompey's nature and condition And truly it was a shamefull thing for Pompey to forsake his Wife Antistia who for his sak a little before had lost her Father that was murthered in the very Senate House upon suspition that he took part with Sylla for his Son Pompey's sake and to take Aemilia from her lawfull Husband by whom she was great with child and to whom she had been married not long before which also caused the Mother of Antistia to lay violent hands upon her self seeing her Daughter to receive such open and notorious wrong But God who hates such Injustice and cruelty followed Pompey with this Judgement that his Wife Aemilia died miserably presently after in childbirth in his House About this time newes was brought to Sylla that Perpenna was gotten into Sicilie and had brought all that Island into subjection to him where he might safely intertain all Sylla's enemies That Carbo also kept the Seas thereabouts with a certaine number of 〈…〉 was gone into Africk to whom resorted many other Noblemen who were escaped from the proscriptions and outlaries of Sylla Against all these was Pompey sent by his Father in Law with a great Army who no sooner was arrived in Sicily but Perpeâ—na fled and left the Island to him Then did Pompey deale friendly and favourably with all the Cities which before had endured great troubles and misery and set them again at liberty the Mamertines only excepted who dwelt in Messina they despising his juridiction and Government pleaded the ancient priviledges of the Romanes which had been formerly granted unto them But Pompey answered them angerly What do you prâ—ting to us of your Law that have our Swords by our sides He dealt also too cruelly with Carbo in his misery for he might have killed him in hot blood when he first fell into his hands with lesse blame But Pompey when he was taken caused him to be brought before him though he had been thrice Consul and to be publickly examined sitting himself in his Tribunall and condemned him to die in the presence of them
diverse Battels Yet Pompeys men still vexing him with their importunity when they were come into the Fields of Pharsalia caused him to call a Counsel There Labienus the Generall of the Horsemen swore before them all that he would not rerurne from the Battell till he had driven his enemies out of the Field and the like Oath did all the rest of the Commanders take The night before the fatall Battel there were heard sudden and fearfull noises in Pompeys Camp which awaked all the Souldiers At the changing of the fourth Watch there was seen a great light over Caesars Camp like unto a burning Torch which came and fell in Pompeys Camp In the morning Caesar intending to raise his Camp and to remove to the City of 〈◊〉 whilst his Souldiers were busy in sending away their Bag and Baggage some brought Caesar word that they saw much Armour and many weapons carryed too and fro in their Enemies Camp and heard a great noise and bustling as of men that were preparing to fight His Scouts also brought him word that Pompeys Van was already set in Battel array Caesar much rejoyced when he heard this saying Now the day is come that we shall no longer fight with hunger and want but with men and thereupon gave order that they should presently put out the red coat of Armes upon his Tent which was the signe used amongst the Romans when they were to fight The Souldiers when they saw that left their Tents Carriages and all and with great Shouts of joy ran to arme themselves and so without noise or tumult they were by their Captaines put into Battel array Pompey himself led the right wing of his Battel against Anthony The middle Battel he gave to Scipio his Father in Law which was right against Domitius Calvinus His left Wing was led by Lucius Domitius Aenobarbus which was guarded by the men at Armes for all the Horsemen were placed there to distresse Caesar if possibly they could and to overthrow the tenth Legion which contained the valiantest Souldiers that Caesar had and amongst whom himself alwayes used to fight in Person Caesar seeing the left Wing of his enemies so strong with the guard of Horsemen brought six Companys of Foot for a reserve and placed them behind the tenth Legion commanding them to stand close that they might not be discovered by the enemy and commanded them when the Horsemen should charge upon them that they should not throw their darts strait forward but upward at their faces For said he These brave Fellows and fine Dancers will not endure to have their faces marred Pompey being an Horseback rode up and down to observe how both Armies were marshalled and perceiving that his enemies stood still in their ranks expecting the signall of Battel and that his own Battel waved up and down disorderly as men unskillfull in the Wars he feared that they would fly before they were charged Therefore he commanded his Van to stand sleadily in their ranks and to defend themselves in a close fight when they enemy should assault them But Caesar disliked this devise for thereby said he the force of their blowes was lessened and by with-holding them from giving the charge that courage was taken away which the assailant carrieth with him when he comes on with fury it made them also more fainthearted in receiving the enemies charge In Caesars Army there were about twenty two thousand fighting men and in Pompeys above twice so many When the signal of Battel was given on either side and the Trumpets sounded an Alarme every man began to look to himself But a few of the chiefest of the Romans and some Grecians that were amongst them that yet were not entred into the Battell perceiving the imminent danger began to bethink themselves to what a sad passe the ambition and contention between these two great Persons had brought the State of Rome unto where were kinsmen against kinsmen and Brethren against Brethren imbrewing their hands each in others bloud Whereas if they could have been contented quietly to Govern what they had conquered the Romane Empire was big enough for them both Or if that could not have quenched their insatiable desires and thirst after Glory they had occasion enough offered them against the Germans and Parthians Or else they might have proceeded to Conquer Scythia and India For what Scythian Horsemen or Parthian Arrows or Indian Riches could have withstood the power of seventy thousand Roman Souldiers especially being led by two such Captaines as were Pompey and Caesar whose Names were famous through the World Now when the Fields of Pharsalia were covered 〈◊〉 with Horse and men in Armes after the Signall was given the first man of Caesars Army that advanced forward to give the charge was Caius Crassinius a Captain of one hundred twenty and five men and this he did to make good his promise to Caesar who having asked him that morning what he thought of the event of the Battel he said Oh Caesar Thine is the Victory and this day thou shalt commend me either alive or dead Thereupon he brake out of his rank many others also following him and ran into the midst of his enemies making a gâ—eat slaughter but as he still pressed forward one ran him through the neck and slew him Pompey did not make his left wing to advance over suddenly but staid to see what his Horsemen would do who had already divided themselves intending to compasse in Caesar and to force his Horsemen who were fewer in number to give back upon his squadron of Foot men and thereby to disorder them But on the other side Caesars Horsemen gave back a little and the six Companies of Footmen that he had placed secretly behind them being three thousand in number ran suddenly to charge the enemy in the flank and comming neer to Pompeys Horsemen they threw their Darts as Caesar had appointed them full in their faces The young Gentlemen being raw Souldiers and little expecting such a manner of fight had not the hearts to defend themselves nor could abide to be hurt in their faces but turning their heads and clapping their hands on their faces they fled shamfully They being thus routed Caesars men made no account to follow them but went presently and charged his Infantry and especally where they had no guard of Horsemen by which meanes they might be the easiler compassed about Thus they being charged by these in the Flank and in the Van also by the tenth Legion finding themselves contrary to their expectation compassed about by their enemies whereas they thought to have environed them they could no longer make resistance but were put to the rout also When Pompey saw the dust flying up in the aire and thereby conjectured the flight oâ— his Horsemen he was like a man amazed and at 〈◊〉 end forgeting that he was Pompey the Great 〈…〉 retiring into his Camp he sat silent for a good 〈…〉 â—uch time
all to the great distast and offence of all that were present Yet he bad them take him away to execution which was done accordingly Pompey dealt as cruelly also with Quintus Valerius a man of rare parts and excellent Learning who being brought to Pompey he took him aside and walked a few turns with him and when he had learned what he could of him he commanded his Guard to take him away and dispatch him Pompey indeed was compelled to make away all Sylla's enemies that fell into his hands But for the rest all that he could suffer secertly to steale away he willingly connived at it and would not take notice of it yea himself did help many to save themselves by flight Pompey had determined to have taken sharp revenge of the City of the Himerians who had stoutly taken the 〈…〉 one of the Governours of the City craving audience of Pompey told him boldly that he should doe great injustice if he should pardon him who was the only offender and destroy them who were not guilty Pompey then asking him who he was that durst take upon himself the offence of them all Sthenis answered That it was himself who had perswaded his Friends and compelled his enemies to do what was done Pompey being much pleased to hear the frank speech and boldnesse of the man he forgave both him and all the Citizens After this Pompey being informed that his Souldiers did kill divers in the high-wayes he caused all their Swords to be sealed up and whose sâ—al soever was broken he punished them soundly for it Pompey being busy about these matters in Sicily he received instructions and a Commission from Sylla and the Senate at Rome to depart thence immediately into Africk with all his power to make War against Domitius who had a very great Army Pompey accordingly speedily prepared to take the Seas leaving Memmiuâ— his Sisters Husband to Govern Sicily and so imbarking in sixscore Gallies and eight hundred other Ships wherein he transported his Victuals Ammunition Money Engines for Battery and all other his Warlike provision he hoised Saile and landed one part of his Army at Vâ—iâ—a and the other at Carthage and presently after his landing there came to him seven thousand Souldiers from his enemies to take his part besides seven whole Legions that he brought with him Against him came Domitius with his Army in Battell array but before him there was a Quagmire that ran with a very swift streame very hard to get over Besides it had rained exceedingly all that morning so that Domitius judging it impossible then to fight bad his men to trusse up and be gone Pompey on the other side spying this advantage caused his men to advance and coming upon the enemy who was now out of order had a cheap Victory over them wherein he slew about seventeen thousand of them whereupon he was by his Souldiers saluted with the name Imperaâ—or or Emperour but he told them he would not accept of that honourable Title so long as he saw his enemies Camp yet standing whereupon they ran presently and assaulted it and took it by force and slew Domitius therein After this overthrow all the Cities in that Country came and submitted to Pompey and those that refused were taken by force They took also King Jâ—rbas who had sided with Domitius and gave his Kingdom to Hiempsal â—ut Pompey being desirous further to imploy his Army he went many dayes â—ourny into the maine Land conquering all wheresoever he came making the power of the Romans dreadfull to those Barbarous Nations who before made small acount of them He caused also the Wild Beasts of Africk to feel his force bestowing some dayes in hunting of Lyons and Elephants And in fourty dayes he conquered his enemies subdued Africk and setled the affaires of the Kings and Kingdoms of that part of the Country being then but twenty four years old Pompey being returned to Vtica he received Letters from Sylla willing him to discharge his Army and to retain only one Legion with himself till the comming of another Captain that was to succeed him in the Government of that Country This grieved him not a little though he made no shew of it at all But the Souldiers were much offended at it and when Pompy prayed them to depart they gave out broad speeches against Sylla and told him directly that they were resolved not to leave him whatsoever became of them and that they would not leave him to trust to a Tyrant Pompey seeing that he could not prevaile with them rose out of his seat and went into his Tent weeping But the Souldiers followed him and brought him again to his Chaire of State intreating him to remaine there and command them and he desired them to obey Sylla and to leave their mutinies In fine he seeing they were resolved to presse him swore that he would kill himself rather then they should compel him yet scarce did they leave him thus Hereupon it was reported to Sylla that Pompey was rebelled against him which when he heard he said to his Friends Well I see then that it is my destiny in my old age to fight with children This he said because of Marius the yonger who had done him much mischief and had greatly endangered him But afterwards understanding the truth and hearing that all generally in Rome would go to meet Pompey and receive him with all the honour they could he resolved to go beyond them all in shew of good will wherefore going out of his House to meet him he embraced him with great affection and welcomed him home calling him Mâ—gâ—us that is Great and commanded all that were present to give him that Name also After this Pompey required the honour of a Triumph which Sylla opposed affirming that this honour should be granted to none but to such as had been Consuls or at least Praetors He told him also that if he should stand for it he would oppose him Pompey was not discouraged herewith but boldly told him That all men did honour not the setting but the rising Sun Sylla heard not well what he said and therefore enquired and when it was told him he wondred at the Confidence of so young a man and cryed out twice Let him then Triumph on Gods Name Yet many were offended at it but Pompey to anger them more would be brought in his Triumphant Chariot drawn by four Elephants many of which Beasts he had taken from the Kings and Princes whom he had subdued Howbeit the Citie Gates being too narrow for them he was faign to leave his Elephants and to be drawn in with Horses Now his Souldiers that had not all they looked for nor that was promised to them sought to hinder his Triumph which being reported to him he said Tâ—aâ— he would rather lose all his preparations than be forced to flatter them He might have been made a Senator if he had sought after it
but in that he did not being so young it pleased the People exceedingly especially when after his Triumph they saw him still amongst the Roman Knights On the other side Sylla was much vexed to see him come so fast forward and so soon to rise to so great credit yet being ashamed to hinder him he suppressed it till Pompey contrary to his mind brought in Lepidus to be Consul through the good will of the People that furthered his desire Hereupon Sylla seeing Pompey returning crosse the Market place after the election with a great train of followers he said to him O young man I see thou art glad of this Victory and so thou hast cause for questionlesse it s a brave thing that through the favour of the People thou hast brought in Lepidus the vilest person of all other to be Consul before Catulus the honestest man in the City But let me advise thee to look well to thy self for thou hast advanced one that will be a dangerous enemy to thee Sylla also discovered his ill will to Pompey in that when he made his Will he gave Legacies to every one of his Friends and left Pompey wholly out yet did Pompey take it well enough and whereas Lipidus with some others after Sylla's Death would have kept his Body from being buried in the field of Mâ—rs and from Funerall solemnities Pompey prevailed to bury him honourably Shortly after Sylla's Death his Prophesy to Pompey concerning Lepidus proved true For Lepidus openly usurping the power which Sylla had raised an Army of those of Marius his faction whom Sylla had hitherto suppressed which put Pompey upon his best skill and experience For which end he presently took part with the Nobility and the honester part of the People by whom he was imployed to raise an Army against Lepidus who had already the greatest part of Italy and by the help of Brutus kept Gaul on this side the Mountaines the rest Pompey easily subjected to himself only he was somewhat long iâ— besieging Brutus in Modena During which time Lepidus brought his Army to the Gates of Rome demanding his second Consulship which much affrighted the People But they were soon comforted by a Letter which Pompey sent wherein he informed them that he had ended his Wars without bloodshed For Brutus had yeilded himself to Pompey who had slaine him Shortly after Lepidus was driven out of Italy into Sardinia where he fell sick and died At this time Sertorius was in Spain who kept the Romans in great awâ— being a valiant Captain and one to whom all the Fuâ—gitives resorted He had already overthrown many inferiour Captaines and was now grapling with Metellus Pius who in his youth had been a Noble Souldier but now being old and too wary he neglected many opportunities which Sertorius by his dexterity took out of his hands Hereupon Pompey keeping his Army together endeavoured by the help of his Friends to be sent into Spain as an assistant to Metellus and at last by the endeavour of Lucius Philippicus he obtained the Government of that Country When Pompey was arrived in Spain Sertorius gave out bitter jâ—ers against him saying That he would use no other weapons against that young Boy but Rods and that if he were not affraid of the old woman meaning Metellus much less was he afraid of him Yet for all these brags he stood better upon his guard and went stronger to fight than he did before being afraid of Pompey In this War the successe was very various yet nothing grieved Pompey more than Sertorius his winning the City Laâ—ron Yet shortly after in a set Battel near the City of Valentia he slew Herennius and Perpena both gallant Souldiers and Leiutenants to Sertorius with ten thousand of their men This Victory so encouraged Pompey that he hasted to fight with Sertorius himself before Metullus came to him that he might have the sole Glory of the Conquest So they both met by the River of Sueron in the evening both fearing the comming of Metellus the one that he might fight alone the other that he miget fight with one alone But when it came to triall the Victory fell out doubtfull for either of their wings had the upper hand Sertorius wan great honour in this Battell bearing all before him wheresoever he went and Pompey encountering a great man at Armes cut off one of his hands yet he escaped by turning up his Horse with very rich caparisons amongst Pompey's followers and whilest they were contending about the Horse he escaped The next morning very early both the Generals brought their Armies again into the Field to confirme the Victory which either of them supposed that he had gotten But Metellus comming to Pompey at that present Sertorius retreated and dispersed his Army Pompey going to meet Metellus when they came near he commanded his Sergeants and Officers to put down their bundles of Rods and Axes which they carried before him to honour Metellus the more being a better man than himself But Metellus would not suffer it but in every thing made Pompey his equall only when they Camped together Metellus gave the watch word to all the Army Sertorius with a running Army cut them short of Victuals spoiling the Country and keeping the Sea-side so that they were foced to divide themselves and to goe into other places for provision Pompey in the mean time having spent most of his estate in this War sent to Rome for money to pay his Souldiers threatening that if they would send him no money he would return with his Army into Italy Lucullus being now Consul though he was Pompey's enemy yet procured the money for him that himself might the better prevaile to be sent against King Methridates for he feared that if Pompey returned into Italy he would procure to have that imployment In the mean time Sertorius died and Perpenna who was the chiefest man about him supplied his room But though he had the same Army the same meanes and the same power yet had he not the same wit and skill to use it Pompey therefore marching directly against him quickly discovered his insufficiency and â—aid a bait for him sending ten Troops to prey in the fields commanding them to disperse themselves abroad which accordingly they did and Perpenna took the opportunity and charged upon them and had them in chase but Pompey tarrying for them at a Foord was ready with his Army in good order gave them battell and obtained the victory and thus ended all the War For most of the Captaines were slaine and Perpenna himself taken Prisoner whom he presently put to Death Perpenna shewed to Pompey Letters from the greatest Noblemen of Rome who were desirous of change of Government willing him to return into Italy But Pompey fearing that they might occasion great commotions in Rome put Perpenna presently to Death and burned all the writings not so much as reading any one of
had taken a thousand Castles and neer nine hundred Townes and Cities Of Pyrates Ships eight hundred Moreover he had replenished with Inhabitants thirty nine desolate Towns These Tables also declared that the Revenue of Rome before these his Conquests arose but to five thousand Myriads but now he had improved them to eight thousand and five hundred Myriads Besides he now brought into the Treasury to the value of twenty thousand Talents in Silver Gold Plate and Jewels besides what had been distributed already amongst the Souldierâ— of which he that had least had fifteen hundred Drachma's for his share The Prisoners that were led in this Triumph were the Son of Tygranes King of Armenia with his Wife and Daughter The Wife of King Tygranes himself called Zozime Aristobulus King of Judaea The Sister of Mâ—thridates with her five Sons And some Ladies of Scythia The Hostages of the Iberians and Albanians as also the Kings of the Commagenians Besides a great number of Marks of Triumph which himself and his Leiutenants had won in severall Battels But the greatest honour that ever he wan and which no other of the Consuls ever attained to was that his three Triumphs were of the three Parts of the World to wit his first of Aâ—rick His second of Europe And his third of Asia and all this before he was fourty years old But from this time forward Pompey began to decline till with his Life he had lost all his Honour Lucullus at his returne out of Asia was well received by the Senate and much more after Pompey was come to Rome For the Senate encouraged him to deal in affairs of State being of himself slow and much given to his ease and pleasure because of his great Riches So when Pompey was come he began to speak against him and through Catoes assistance gat all things confirmed which he had done in Asia and which had been undone by Pompey Pompey having such an afront put upon him by the Senate had recourse to the Tribunes of the People the vilesâ— of whom was Clodius who closed with him and had Pompey ever at his elâ—ow ready to second what motion soever he had to make to the People He also desired Pompey to forsake Cicero his ancient Friend but Clodius his utter enemy By this meanes Cicero was brought into danger and when he required Pompey's assistance he shut the doore against him and went out at a back-doore whereupon Cicero was forced to forsake Rome At this time Julius Caesar returning from his Praetorship out of Spain laid such a plot aâ— quickly brought himself into favouâ— but tended to the ruine of Pompey He was now to sue for his first Consulship and considering the enmity between Pompey and Crassus he considered that if he joyneâ— with one he made the other his enemy he therefore madâ— them Frâ—ends which indeed undid the Commonwealth For by this means Caesar was chosen Consul who strait fell to flattering of the People and made Lawes for their advantage distributing to them Lands which embased the Majesty of the cheife Majestrate and made a Consulship no better then the Tribunship of the People Bibulus his fellow Consul opposed him what he could and Cato also till Caesar brought Pompey into the Pulpit for Orations where he asked him whether he consented to the Decree which he had set forth Pompey answered That he did and that he would defend it with the Sword This gat him much ill will Not many dayes after Pompey married Julia the Daughter of Caesar formerly betrothed to Servilius Caepio and to pacifie Caepio Pompey gave him his own Daughter in marriage whom yet he had promised to Faustus the Son of Sylla Caesar also married Calphurnia the Daughter of Piso. Afterwards Pompey filling Rome with Souldiers carried all by force For as Bibulus came to the Market place accompanied with Cato and Lucullus they were basely abused and many were wounded and when they were driven away they passed the Act for dividing of the Lands as they pleased The People being encouraged hereby never stuck at any matter that Pompey and Caesar would have done And by this means all Pompey's former Acts were confirmed though Lucullus opposed what he could Caesar also was appointed to the Government of both Gauls with four whole Legions Then were chosen Consuls Piso Father in Law to Caesar and Pompey's great flatterer Pompey now so doted on his young Wife that he suffered himself wholly to be ruled by her and leaving all publick affairs he went with her to Country Houses and places of pleasure which encouraged Clodius a Tribune of the People to despise him and to enter into seditious attempts For when he had driven Cicero out of Româ— and sent away Câ—to to make War in Cyprus and Caesar was occupied in Gaul finding that the People were at his beck because he flattered them he then attempted to 〈◊〉 things that Pompey had established Amongst others he took young Tigranes out of Prison and carried him up and down with him and continually picked quarrels against Pompey's Friends Pompey comming abroad one day to hear how a matter of his was handled this â—lodiuâ— having gotten a company of desperate Ruffians about him gat up into a high place and asked aloud Who is the most licentious Captain in all the City They answered Pompey And Who said he is he that scratcheth his head with one finger They again answered Pompey claping their hands with great scorne This went to Pompey's heart who never used to be thus abused and he was yet more vexed when he saw thâ—t the Senate was well pleased with this his disgrace because he had forsaken and betrayed Cicero Upon this a great uprore was made in the Market place and many were hurt whereupon Pompey would come no more abroad whilst Clodius was Tribune but advised with his Friends how he might ingratiare himself with the Senate they advised him to put away his Wife Julia to renounce Caesars Friendship and to stick again to the Senate Some of these things he disliked yet was content to call home Cicero who was Clodius his mortall enemy and in great favour with the Senate Hereupon Pompey brought Cicero's Brother into the Market place to move the matter to the People with many men about him and they fell to blowes so that many were slaine yet he overcome Clodius and Cicero was called home by the Decree of the People who also brought Pompey into favour with the Senate and caused a Law to be made whereby to enable Pompey to bring Corn to Rome and thus by Cecero's meanes Pompey had once again power given him both by Sea and Land over all the Roman Teritories For all the Havens Marts and Fairs and all Storehouses and Marchandizes yea and Tillage came into his hand For this Clodius acused him saying that the Senate had made this Law not because of a deaâ—â—h of Victuals but that they made a dearth
that so the Law might passe for restoring Pompey's power which was almost come to nothing Pompey having now full Authority â—o cause Corn to be brought to Rome he sent his Friends and Lieuâ—enants abroad and himself went into 〈◊〉 and when he was ready to returne again there arose such a storme that the Mariners feared to weigh their Anchors but he commanded them to doe it saying It s necessary that the People should have Corn but it s not necessary that I should live Thus by his prudence and courage he filled all the Markets with Corn and the Seas with Ships and so great plenty of Provision was brought in as fully furnished not only Rome but all Italy About this time Caesars great conquests in Gaul wan him much credit But whilst they thought him to be Warring afar off he appeared in the middest of the People at Rome and much apposed Pompey in the weightiest matters of the Commonwealth For he had the power of an Army which he hardened with paines and continuall exercise not only to fight against the Barbarous People but to make himself invincible and dreadfull to the world Moreover by that infinite quantity of Gold and Silver and other Treasures that he gat from the enemy he purchased many Friends to himself sending great Presents to Rome to the Aediles Praetors Consuls and their Wives therefore when he was come back over the Alps and Wintered in the City of Luca multitudes of the People yea two hundred of the Senate themselves amongst whom were Crassus and Pompey went out of Rome unto him All these Caesar returned back again some with store of money others with good Words But with Pompey and Crassus he agreed that they two should sue to be Consuls and that himself would send them good store of voices upon the day of Election and that if they were chosen they should get a Decree of the People that they should have some new Provinces and Armies assigned to them and with all that they should procure his Government to continue for five years longer This Plot being discovered and spread abroad gave great distast to honest men and many who had intended to sue for the Consulship gave it over Only Lucius Domitius being encouraged by Cato stood for it For â—â—id he Thou doest not contend for the Consulship but to defend the liberty of thy Country against two Tyrants Pompey fearing Catoes faction thought it not safe to let Domitius come into the Market place He sent therefore armed men against him who slew the Torch bearer that came before him and made all the rest to fly amongst whom Cato was the last man that retired who whilst he defended Dimitius was wounded in the elbow Thus Pompey and Crassus came to be Consuls wherein they carried themselves very dishonestly For the People being about to choose Cato Praetor Pompey perceiving of it brake up the Assembly falsly alleadging that he had certain ill signes and afterwards corrupting the the Tribes with money they chose Antias and Vatinias Praetors and then by Trebonius a Tribune of the People they published an Edict that Caesar should hold his Government five years longer Unto Crassus they appointed the Province of Syria and to make War against the Parthians Unto Pompey they allotted Africk and both the Spaines with four whole Legions of the which at Caesars request he sent him two to assist him in his Wars in Gaul Crassus at the going out of his Consulship departed into Syria and Pompey remained in Rome to dedicate the Theater which he had built where he caused many goodly Playes to be made and caused Wild Beasts to be baited hunted amongst which five hundred Lions were killed but the most terrible fight of all was amongst his Elephants This he did to gratifie the People though to his very great cost and he procured much love to himself thereby But he gat more envy from others by commiting the Government of his provinces and Legions unto his Leiutenants whilst himself with his wife took their pleasure up and down Italy At an Election of the Aediles on a sudden there was a great hurlyburly Swords were drawn and many were slaine about Pompey so that he was faigne to send home his Garments that were â—prinkled with their bloud and to fetch others His young Wife that was great with child seeing his clothes bloudy was so frighted that she fell into a swound that they had much ado to recover her At an other time being with child again she fell in labour and dyed in childbirth and as Pompey was carrying her into the Country to bury her neer unto the City of Alba at his Country House the People took her corpse and carrying it into the Field of Mars buried it their and this they did more for Caesar than for Pompey's sake This alliance between Pompey and Caesar being thus broken which rather covered than bridled their ambition to Rule there arose a new stirre in Rome and every mans mouth was full of seditious words About which time â—ewâ—s came that Crassus was overcome and slaine in Parthia who was the only barre to hinder these two from Civil War for they both feared him and therefore kept themselves quiet Yet they thought the Empire of Rome was too little for them Pompey thinking that Caesar would not disband his Army sought to strengthen himself against him by procuring Offices in the City and when he could not procure them the People being bribed by Caesar he left the City without a Magistrate so that there were none to Command or whom the People might obey Hereupon a rumour was spread that a Dictator must be chosen and that Pompey must be the man This Cato opposed with all his power But when Pompey's Friends excused him saying that he neither sought nor would accept of it then Cato highly commended him and pray'd him to see good order kept in the Commonwealth which accordingly he undertook Then were Domitius and Massala chosen Consuls but after awhile one of them died whereupon many were earnestly bent to have a Dictator and Cato fearing great disorders was willing that Pompey should have some Office to keep him from that which was more Tyranicall Bibulus a cheif man in the Senate and Pompey's enemy was the first man that moved that Pompey might be chosen Consul alone For said he by this meanes the Commonwealth shall be rid of present trouble or it shall be in bondage to an honest man It was expected that Cato would have opposed this motion but rising up he told them that he would not first have made this motion but seeing it was propounded by an other he thought it meet and reasonable to be followed For said he Its better to have an Officer to command whatsoever he be than to have none at all and that there was none so fit to command in so troublesome a time as Pompey All the Senate consented
knew that ten Legions were already passed over the Alps intending to come in Armes against them and that he would send a man that should defend their Country well enough And so going through the Market place unto Pompey being followed by all the Senators he said openly Pompey I commnad thee to help thy Country with that Army thou hast already and also to leavy more to aid thee Lentulus also used the same speech to him who was chosen for the year following When Pompey went to leavy Souldiers in Rome some would not obey him and others went very unwillingly the most part of them crying out Peace Peace Anthony also against the Senators minds read a Letter to the People sent from Caesar wherein he seemed to make reasonable requests to draw the affections of the Common People to him For he moved that both Pompey and he should resigne their Governments and dismisse their Armies referring themselves wholly to the Judgments of the People and to deliver up unto them an account of their doings Cicero who was lately returned from Cilicia endeavoured to bring them to an agreement propounding that Caesar that should leave the Government of Gaul and his Army reserving only two Legions and the Government of Illyria attending his second Consulship Pompey liked not this motion and so all treaty of Peace was cut off In the mean time newes came to Rome that Caesar had won Ariminum a large and strong City in Italy and that he came directly to Rome with a great power But the truth was he came but with three thousand Horse and five thousand Foot and would not stay for the rest of hiâ— Army that was not yet come over the Alps but hasted rather to surprise his enemies on the sudden who were all in a hurlyburly not expecting him so soon than to stay till they were fully ready to fight with him When he came to the River of Rubicon which was the utmost bound of the Province which he had the charge of in Italy he made an Alt pondring with himself the great enterprize he took in hand At last he cryed out to them that were by Jacta est alea let the Die be cast Or let us put all to the hazard and so passed on with his Army Newes hereof comming to Rome never was there such a consternation and fear seen amongst them For all the Senate ran immediatly to Pompey together with all the rest of the City Magistrates and Tullus asked him what power he had in readinesse to resist Caesar He answered but something faulteringly that he had his two Legions that came from Caesar and with those that he had levied in hast he thought he should make up thirty thousand fighting men Then Tullus cryed out Ah! thou hast mocked us Pompey and thereupon ordered Ambassadors to be sent to Caesar. Phaonius also a bold man said Stamp now with thy foot upon the ground Pompey and make those Armies come which thou hast promised Pompey patiently bore this mock Then Cato thought good that they should make Pompey Leiutenant Generall of Rome with full and absolute Power to command all saying They that knew how to doe the greatest mischief know best how to remedy the same And so immediately he departed to his Government in Sicily Also all the other Senators went to the Provinces whereunto they were appointed Thus all Italy being in Armes no man knew what was best to be done For such as were out of Rome came flying thither out of all parts and such as were in Rome fled out as fast where all things were in disorder They which were willing to obey were very few and they who by disobedience did hurt were too many neither â—would they suffer Pompey to order things as he would because every one followed his own fancy yea in one day they were in diverse minds All this while Pompey could hear no certainty of his enemies the reports being so various and when he saw the tumult and confussion so great at Rome that there was no possibility of pacifying it he comanded all the Senators to follow him declaring all such as staid behind to be Caesars Friends The two Consuls fled also without Sacrifizing to the Gods as their manner was when they went to make War And Pompey in his greatest danger and trouble had great cause to think himself happy because he had every mans good will Shortly after Pompey was gone out of the City Caesar came into it who spake very friendly to all whom he found there labouring to quiet their fears Only he threatned Metellus one of the Tribunes because he would not suffer him to take any of the Treasure of the Commonwealth saying That it was not so hard a thing for him to kill him as to speak it Thus having put by Metellus and taken what he pleased out of the Treasury he prepared to follow Pompey intending to drive him out of Italy before his Army should come to him out of Spain Pompey in the meane time took Brundusium and having gotten some Ships together he caused the two Consuls presently to embark with thirty Companies of Footmen which he sent before to Dyrrachium He sent also his Father in Law Scipio and his Son Cneius Pompeyus into Syria to provide him Ships Then did he fortify Brundusium and guarded the Walls with Souldiers commanding the Citizens not to stir out of their Houses He cast up Trenches also within the City at the end of all the streets saving those two which led to the Haven and filled those Trenches with sharp-pointed stakes and when at leasure he had imbarked all the rest of his Souldiers he by a signe called off those which guarded the Walls and having received them into his Ships he hoisted Sailes and departed Caesar finding the Walls of Brundusium unguarded presently suspected that Pompey was fled and rushing into the City he had certainly falne into the pits but that the Brundusians gave him warning of them whereupon he fetched a compasse about to go to the Haven and coming thither he found all the Ships under saile save two wherein were a few Souldiers Some judged this departure of Pompeys the best Stratagem of War that ever he used But Caesar marvelled that being in so strong a City and expecting his Army out of Spain and being Master of the Seas besides he would so easily forsake Italy Thus Caesar within threescore dayes became Lord of all Italy without bloudshed He was very desirous speedily to have followed Pompey but having no Ships ready he was forced to stay Then did he hasten into Spain to joyn Pompey's Army with his own Pompey in the mean space had gotten a marvellous great power together both by Sea and Land By Sea he had five hundred good Ships of War besides multitudes of Galliots Foists and Pinnaces By Land he had all the flower of the Horsemen of Rome and of all Italy