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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
enemy_n	able_a	great_a	king_n	1,544	5	3.5126	3	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51174	A true and exact account of the wars with Spain, in the reign of Q. Elizabeth (of famous memory) being the particulars of what happened between the English and Spanish fleets, from the years 1585 to 1602, shewing the expeditions, attempts, fights, designs, escapes, successes, errors, &c. on both sides : with the names of Her Majesty's ships and commanders in every fleet : being a patern and warning to future ages : never printed before / written by Sir William Monson ...	Monson, William, Sir, 1569-1643.	1682 (1682)	Wing M2466; ESTC R2957	60,871	57

Merchant-men that lay there and were ready bound for the Indies These Intelligences were of great moment and made the Generals presently to contrive their business both by Sea and Land which otherwise would have taken up a longer time after their coming thither and whether all men would have consented to attempt their Ships in Harbor if they had not known the most part of them to consist of Merchants I hold very doubtful The Fourth and fortunatest of all was the taking of the Fly-boat by the John and Francis which the Swan let go For if she had reached Lisbon she had been able to make report of the number and greatness of our Ships and might have endangered the loss of the whole Design she seeing the course we bore and that we had passed Lisbon which was the place the Enemy most suspected and made there his greatest preparation for Defence But had the Enemy been freed of that doubt he had then no place to fear but Andulozia and Cadiz above the rest which upon the lest warning might have been strengthned and we put to great Hazard he might also have secured his Ships by towing them out with Gallies and howsoever the Wind had been might have sent them into the Streights where it had been in vain to have pursued them or over the Bar of St. Lucar where it had been in vain to have attempted them And indeed of the good and ill of Intelligence we had had sufficient experience formerly Of the good in 1588. For how suddainly had we been taken and surprized when it we lest suspected had it not been for Captain Flemming Of the ill in the year before this by the Spaniards taking a Barque of Sir Francis Drake's Fleet which was the Occasion of the Overthrow of himself and the whole Action The 20th of June we came to Cadiz earlier in the morning than the Masters made reckoning of Before our coming thither it was determined in Council that we should land at St. Sebastians the Westermost part of the Land and thither came all the Ships to an Anchor every man preparing to land as he was formerly directed but the Wind being so great and the Sea so grown and four Gallies lying too to intercept our Boats there was no attempting to land there without the hazard of all This day was spent in vain in returning Messengers from one General to another and in the end they were forced to resolve upon a Course which Sir William Monson Captain under my Lord of Essex advised him to the same morning he discovered the Town which was to surprize the Ships and to be possessors of the Harbor before they attempted landing This being now resolved on there arose a great Question who should have the Honor of the first going in My Lord of Essex stood for himself but my Lord Admiral opposed it knowing if he miscarried it would hazard the Overthrow of the Action besides he was streightly charged by Her Majesty that the Earl should not expose himself to Danger but upon great necessity When my Lord of Essex could not prevail the whole Council withstanding him he sent Sir William Monson that night on Board my Lord Admiral to resolve what Ships should be appointed the next day to undertake the Service Sir Walter Rawleigh had the Vaward given him which my Lord Thomas Howard hearing challenged in right of his place of Vice-admiral and it was granted him but Sir Walter having Order over night to ply in came first to an Anchor but in that distance from the Spaniards as he could not annoy them And he himself returned on Board the Lord General Essex to excuse his coming to Anchor so far off for want of Water to go higher which was thought strange that the Spaniards which drew much more Water and had no more Advantage than he of Tide could pass where his could not But Sir Francis Vere in the Rainbow who was appointed to second him passing by Sir Walter Rawleigh his Ship Sir Walter the second time weighed and went higher The Lord General Essex who promised to keep in the midst of the Fleet was told by Sir William Monson that the greatest Service would depend upon three or four Ships and Sir William put him in mind of his Honor for that many Eyes beheld him This made him forgetful of his Promise and to use all means he could to be formost in the Fight My Lord Howard who could not go up in his own Ship the Mere honor betook himself to the Nonperil and in respect the Rainbow the Repulse and Warspight had taken up the best of the Channel by their first coming to an Anchor to his grief he could not get higher Here did every Ship strive to be the headmost but such was the narrowness of the Channel as neither the Lord Admiral nor any other Ship of the Queens could pass on There was Commandment given that no Ship should shoot but the Queens making account that the Honor would be the greater if the Victory were obtained with so few This Fight continued from Ten till Four in the Afternoon The Spaniards then set Sail thinking either to run higher up the River or else to bring their other Broad Sides to us because of the heat of their Ordnance but howsoever it was in their floating they came a ground and the men began to forsake the Ships Whereupon there was Commandment given that all the Hoys and Vessels that drew least Water should go unto them Sir William Monson was sent in the Repulse Boat with like directions We possess'd our selves of the great Gallions the Matthew and the Andrew but the Philip and Thomas fired themselves and were burnt down before they could be quenched I must not omit to describe the manner of the Spanish Ships and Gallies riding in Harbor at our first coming to Cadiz The four Gallions singled themselves from out the Fleet as Guards of their Merchants The Gallies were placed to flank us with their Prows before Entry but when they saw our Approach the next morning the Merchants ran up the River and the Men of War of Port Royal to the Point of the River brought themselves into a good Order of Fight moving their Ships a Head and a Stern to have their Broad Sides upon us The Gallies then betook themselves to the Guard of the Town which we put them from before we attempted the Ships The Victory being obtained at Sea the L. General Essex landed his men in a Sandy Bay which the Castle of Poyntull commanded but they seeing the Success of their Ships and mistrusting their own strength neither offered to offend his Landing nor to defend the Castle but quitted it and so we became Possessors of it After my Lord 's peeceable Landing he considered what was to be done and there being no place from whence the Enemy could annoy us but the Bridge of Swasoe which leadeth over from the main Land to the Island by our making good

shall temper this Expence but when I die remember what I say seek Advancement rather by your carriage the curiousness the reputation you gain by that will be lasting when this will appear but like a Flower sading Frame your Course of Life to the Country and not to the Court and yet make not your self such a stranger to great persons as in Assemblies they should ask others who you are I confess the greatest and suddenest rising is by the Court yet the Court is like a hopeful and forward Spring that is taken with a sharp and cold Frost which nips and blasts a whole Orchard except 2 or 3 Trees for after that proportion commonly Courtiers are preferr'd And he that will thrive at Court must make his dependency upon some great person in whose Ship he must imbarque all his hopes aud how unfortunate such great persons are oftentimes themselves and how unthankful to their Followers we want not Precedents He that settles his Service upon one of them shall fall into the disfavour of another for a Court is like an Army ever in War striving by stratagems to circumvent and kick up one anothers heels You are not ignorant of the aptness of this Comparison by what you know of me whose case will serve you for a Prospective-glass wherein to behold your danger afar off the better to prevent it Yet reverence Lords because they are Noble and one more than another as he is more notable in virtue Be choice of your Company for as a man makes election of them he is censured Man lives by Reputation and that failing he becomes a Monster Let your Company consist of your own rank rather better than worse for hold it for a Maxim The better Gentleman the more gentle in his behaviour Beware they be not accused of Crimes for so it may touch you in Credit and if you lose your Reputation in the bud of your Youth you shall scarce recover it in the whole course of your Life Let them be civil in carriage for commonly such men are sensible above all let them be learned for Learning is a Fountain from whence springs another Life let them be temperate in Diet and Expence so shall you learn to live in health and increase in wealth Beware they be not cholerick in disposition or arrogant in Opinion for so you shall become a Slave to their Humours and base by suffering A cholerick man of all others is the worst Companion for he cannot temper his rage but on any slight occasion of a Friend becomes an Enemy Value true Friendship next to Marriage which nothing but Death can dissolve for the sickleness of Friendship is oftentimes the ruine of ones Fortune Beware of Gaming for it causes great vexation of Mind If you lose it begets in you that humour that out of hope of regaining your losses you will endanger the loss of all Do not presume too much of your skill in Play or making wagers as if you were excellent above others or have Fortune at command for she is like a Whore variable and inconstant and when she disfavours you it is with more loss at once than she recompenceth at twice Love your Brother and Sisters for their own sakes as you are bound by Nature but especially for mine whose they are Remember you are all indifferent to me but that God chose you from the rest to be a strength and stay to them think you cannot honour your Father more being dead than in shewing affection to them he dearly loved and nothing will more approve you to be mine than love and kindness amongst your selves You owe somewhat more to me than that I am your Father in that I seek your Advancement above theirs of which Obligation I will acquit you conditionally you perform what you ought to them For because Man cannot himself live ever he desires to live in his Posterity and if I had an hundred Sons my greatest hope must depend upon you as you are my eldest and seeing my care is of you above the rest do not make my Memory so unhappy as to give the World an occasion to say I left an unnatural Son The onely request I make is be kind and loving to them who I know by their disposition will give you no cause of offence A discourtesie from you will be as sharp to them as a Razor from another Be courteous and friendly to all for men are esteemed according to ther carriage There is an old Proverb The courtesie of the mouth is of great value and costs little A proud man is envied of his Equals hated by his Inferious and scorned by his Superiours so that betwixt Envy Hate and Scorn he is friendless Many times a man is condemned to death out of presumption especially when it concurrs with an opinion of his former ill carriage how much therefore doth it concern a man in the times of his Prosperity to lay up a stock of Love and Reputation There cannot be a greater Honour than to gain a mans Enemy by a courtesie it far exceeds the kindness that is done to another and doubly obligeth him that receiveth it Love is a thing desired by a King from his Subjects by a General from his Souldiers and by a Master from his Servants he that hath it is rich by it it maintains peace in time of peace and is a safe Bulwork in time of war Do not buy this Love with the ruine of your Estate as many do with prodigal Expences and then are requited with pity and derision Let your Expence be agreeable to the wearing of your Cloaths better or worse according to Company or the journying your Horse the less way you go to day you may travel the further to morrow but if you go every day a long and wearisom Journey your Horse will fail and you be enforc'd to go on foot And so will it be in your Expences if you do not moderate them according to Days and Companies your Horse and you may travel faintly together If you are prodigal in any thing let it be in Hospitality as most agreeable to the will of God you shall feed the hungry relieve the poor and get the love of the rich What you spend among your Neighbours is not lost but procures their loves and helps when you have need and thereby you shall find Friendship in the Country as available as Favour at Court If you are called to any place of Magistracy do justice with pity revenge not your self of your Enemy under colour of Authority for that shews baseness and will procure you hatred In Money matters favour your Country if it be not against the present profit of the King for many times his Name is used for the gain of other men Study the Laws not to make a mercenary practice of them but onely for your own use the good of your Neighbours and the Government of your Country Hold the Laws in reverence next to the King for that

glad of this occasion to be revenged of the Gallies hoping to requite the Slavery they put him to when he was Prisoner in them and singled himself from the Fleet a League that the Gallies might see it was in defiance of them and so the Marquess of St. Cruz and Frederick Spaniola the one General of the Portugal the other of the Spanish Gallies apprehended it and came forth with an intent to fight him but being within Shot were diverted by one John Bedford an English-man who undertook to know the Force of the Ship and Sir William that commanded her Before I go farther I will a little digress and acquaint you with the Scituation of the Town and the manner of placing the Gallies against us The Town of Cisembre lieth in the bottom of a Road which is a good Succor for Ships with a Northerly Wind. It is built with Free-stone and near the Sea is erected a strong and spacious Fort well replenished with Ordnance Above the Town upon the top of a Hill is seated an ancient strong Fryery whose Scituation maketh if impregnable and able to command the Town Castle and Road close to the Shore lay the Carreck like a Bullwork to the West side of the Castle so as it defended both that and the East part of the Town The 11 Gallies had flancked and fortified themselves with the small Neck of a Rock on the West side of the Road with their Prows right forward to play upon us every one carrying a Cannon in their Cruzia besides other Pieces in their Prows and they were no way to be damaged by us till our Ships came so nigh the Town that all these Forces might play upon us in one instant The Gallies being placed to this great Advantage they made account as a Captain of one of them we took confess'd to have sunk our Ships of themselves without any farther Help We saw the Tents pitched and great Troops of Souldiers drawn together which was no less than the whole Country in Arms against us The Boats pass'd betwixt the Shore and the Carreck all the day long which we supposed was to unlade her but we found afterwards it was rather to strengthen her with Men and Munition Here appeared many Difficulties and Dangers and little hope of taking her but rather of sinking or burning her as most men conjectured The Danger from the Gallies was great they being flancked with the point of a Rock at our Entrance as you have heard it being likewise calm and they shooting low Another Danger was that of the Wind For if it had come from the Sea the Road being open and the Bay deep our Attempt must have been in vain And notwithstanding these and many more apparently seen and that there was no man but imagined that most of the Carrecks Lading was on shoar and that they would hale her on ground under the Castle where no Ship of ours should be able to fleet to her all which objections with many more were alleadged yet they little prevailed procrastination was perilous and therefore with all expedition they thought convenient to charge the Town the Fort the Gallies and Carreck all at one instant And they had determined if the Carreck had been on ground or so nigh the shoar that the Queens Ships could not fleet to her that the Two Easterlings the day before taken should Board her and Burn her Thursday the Third day early in the morning every man commending himself to God's Tuition and Protection expected when to begin according to the agreement the day before A gale of Wind happening about Ten of the Clock the Admiral weighed shot off a Warning-piece and put forth his Flag in the Maintop the Vice-Admiral did the like in his Foretop according to the Custome of the Sea every Captain encouraged his men which so imboldened them as though they were grown weak and feeble before they were now revived and bestirred themselves as if a new Spirit had been infused into them the Admiral was the first that gave the charge after him followed the rest of the Ships shewing great Valor and gaining great Honor the last of all was the Vice-Admiral at whose entrance into the Fight he still strived to get up as near the shoar as he could where he came to an Anchor continually fighting with the Town the Fort the Gallies and Carreck all together for he brought them betwixt him that he might play both his Broad Sides upon them there might be seen the Prowess of the Gallies swim by the sides of them the Slaves forsake them and every thing in confusion amongst them and thus they Fought till Five of the Clock in the Afternoon The Vice-Admiral was Anchored to such an advantage as the Gallies rowed from one side to another seeking to shun him which Sir Richard Lewson observing came on Board him and openly in the view and hearing of his whole Company imbraced him and told him He had won his heart for ever The rest of the Ships as they were directed plied up except the Admiral who by the negligence of his Master or some other impediment when he should have Anchored fell so far to Leeward as the Wind and Tide carried him out of the Road so that it was the next day before his Ship could be fetcht in again whereat the Admiral was much inraged and put himself into the Dreadnought and brought her to an Anchor close to the Vice-Admiral about Two of the Clock in the Afternoon There was no opportunity let pass for where the Admiral saw defect in any other Ship he presently caused it to be supplied and the Easterlings who were appointed to Board the Carrek beginning to faint and fail of observing the directions given them the Vice-Admiral perceiving it went on Board them himself vowing that if they seemed backward in putting in Execution the design of firing the Carreck they should look for as little Life from the English as they could expect from the Enemy Whilst the Vice-Admiral was thus ordering things Sir Richard Lewson came to him and would in no case suffer him to Board the Carreck himself but carried him into the Dreadnought where they consulted how to preserve the Carreck and enjoy her The result of this Reference was to offer her parley which they presently put in practice and commanded all the Ships to leave shooting until the return of the Messenger The man imployed was one Captain Sewell who had escaped and swam to us having been Four Years Prisoner in the Gallies and so did many Turks and Christians the effect of this Parley was to persuade them to yield promising honorable Conditions and he was to intimate as from himself that the Gallies whose strength they presumed upon were beaten some burnt the rest fled that we had the possession of the Road the Castle not being able to abide our Ordinance much less the Carreck and if they refused this offer of Mercy they were to expect all the

Cruelty and Rigor that a Conpueror could impose upon his Enemy After some Conference to this effect the Captain of the Carreck told him He would send some Gentlemen of Quality with Commission to Treat and desired that some of the like Quality from us might repair to him to the same purpose These Gentlemen came aboard the Dreadnought where the Admiral and Vice-Admiral were attending the return and success of Captain Sewell after the delivery of their Message they would needs hasten on Board the Carreck again for that as it seemed there was an uproar and a division in her some being of opinion to entertain a Parley others to save themselves and set her on fire which Sir William Monson hearing without further delay or conference with Sir Richard what was to be done he leaped suddenly into his Boat and rowed unto the Carreck when he drew near to her he was known by diverse Gentlemen on Board her he having once been a Prisoner among them they seemed to be very glad of this meeting and their passed diverse Imbracements between them in remembrance of their old acquaintance The Captain was called Don Diego de Lobo a Gallant young Gentleman of a Noble House He descended down upon the bend of the Ship and commanded his men to stand aside Sir William did the like to his company in the Boat the Captain demanded of him if he had the Portugal Language he told him he had sufficient to Treat of that business acquainted him of the Place he commanded in the Fleet intimated the affection and respect he bore the Portugal Nation and that the Treaty which was offered proceeded out of his motion and wished him to make his proposals which were as followeth The first demand he made was That they should be safely put on shoar with their Arms. The Second That it should be done the same Night The Third That they should enjoy their Ship and Ordinance as appertaining to the King but we the Wealth The Fourth That the Flag and Ancient should not be taken down but worn while the Carreck was unlading His Speech being ended Sir William told him That his Demands gave suspition that under pretence of Parley they meant Treachery or that their hopes were greater than there was cause and but that he knew it was the use of some men to demand great things when less will serve them he would not lose his advantage to entertain a Parley he desired that what they intended might be quickly concluded for Night growing on might advantage them and for his Resolution he should understand it in few words viz. To his first Demand He was willing to yeild That they should be put on shoar with their Arms. To the Second That he was contented that they should be set on shoar that Night except Eight or Ten of the Principal Gentlemen whom he would detain Three Days To the Third He held it idle and frivolous to imagine he would consent to separate Ship and Goods and esteemed it Por Cosa de burla To the Fourth He would not consent being resolved never to permit a Spanish Flag to be worn in the presence of the Queens Ships unless it were disgracefully over the Poop There was long expostulations upon these points and Sir William Monson seeing the obstinacy of the Captain offered in a great rage to leap into his Boat resolving to break the Treaty which the rest of the Gentlemen perceiving and that he had propounded nothing but what might very well stand with their Reputation they intreated him once more to ascend into the Carreck and they would enter into new Capitulations The effect whereof as it was agreed upon were these that follow That a Messenger should be sent to the Admiral to have his Confirmation of the points concluded on and that in the mean time the Flag and Ancient should be taken down and if the Admiral should not consent to the Agreement they to have leisure to put out their Flag and Ancient tofore the Fight should begin That the Company should be presently set on Shore but the Captain with eight other of the principal Gentlemen three days after That the Ship with her Goods should be surrendered without any Practice or Treason That they should use their endeavors that the Castle should forbear shooting whilst we rid in the Road and this was the effect of the Conditions agreed upon This Carreck Wintered in Mosambicke in her return from the Indies a place of great Infection as appeared by the Mortality among them For of 600 and odd men twenty of them lived not to return Home After a great deal of Calamity and Mortality she arrived at this Port of Cisembre as you have heard the Viceroy of Portugal having sent 11 Gallies to her Rescue and 400 mocas de Camera which is a Title of Gentlemen that serve the King upon any Honourable Occasion when they are commanded That she was brought to this pass and forc'd to yield on these Conditions Sir Robert Cecil was wont to impute to the Gentlemens Acquaintance with Sir William Monson Although three days were limited for setting the Captain on Shore yet it was held Discretion not to detain them longer than untill the Carreck was brought off safely to our Ships and therefore Sir William Monson having carried the Captain and the rest of the Gentlemen on board him where they Supped had variety of Musick and spent the Night in great Jollity the Morning following accompanied them on Shore himself whither the Conde de Vitagera had drawn down all the Force of the whole Country amounting to the number of 10000 men I must not omit to describe the Behavior of the Gallies in the Fight that every Man may have that Honor that is due to him Those of Portugal being of the Squadron of the Marquess of St. Cruz betook themselves with their General to Flight in the middle of the Fight but Frederico Spinola who was to convey his Gallies out of Spain into the Low Countreys followed not the Example of the Marquess but made good the Road which the other seeing with Shame returned but to both their Costs for before they departed they found the Climate so hot as they were forc'd to fly their Gallies being so miserably beaten and their Slaves so pitifully slain as there wanted nothing but Boats to possess them all as well as the two we took and burnt which is a thing hath been seldom seen or heard of for Ships to take and destroy Gallies The number of Men slain in the Town the Castle the Carreck and Gallies are unknown though they could not chuse but be many the Wealth of the Carreck could then as ill be estimated though after found to be great the Value of the two Gallies burnt with their Loading of Powder is hard to judge though it 's known to have been a Service of great Importance For our Loss it was not much only one man killed in the Fly-Boat five slain and