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A09898 The life of Alfred, or, Alvred: the first institutor of subordinate government in this kingdome, and refounder of the Vniversity of Oxford Together with a parallell of our soveraigne lord, K. Charles untill this yeare, 1634. By Robert Povvell of Wels, one of the Society of New-Inne. Powell, Robert, fl. 1636-1652.; Alfred, King of England, 849-899. 1634 (1634) STC 20161; ESTC S115025 29,645 188

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comming refused to subscribe to or obey the lawes rules and forme of discipline instituted and prescribed by him for the space of three yeares the controversie was not visibly great but a lurking and intestine hatred which now taking vent made its way with the greater fury and fiercenesse Iamque faces Saxa volant furor arma ministrat it grew so great and dangerous that none could appease it but a Regall Arbiter who being certified of it upon the complaint of Grambald hastens thither to accord the controversie and saith the Author summos labores hausit c. he tooke very great paines with unheard-of patience exactly to heare the differences of each party The summe of the controversie was touching the orders and constitutions of that place long before Grimbalds comming established by Saint Gildas and others and afterwards allowed by Saint German who made six moneths abode there as he tooke his journey to preach against the Pelagian heresie which being deliberately debated on both sides the good Prince accorded the discord and with pious and sweet monitions incessantly exhorted them to joyne together in peace and unity what can be more said of his boundlesse munificence and blessing upon that glorious Garden of Arts and Learning than the suffrage of the place it self doth ascribe unto him Oxonii flores Alured fert iste priores That schooles of learning might not be unfurnished of studious Colleagues hee made a law or decree wherby he straightly charged all the free men of the Kingdome who were owners of two hides of Land at the least being such a portion of land as might be yearely manured by two ploughs That they should keepe and traine up their children to learning until they were fifteen years old and that in the meane time they should diligently instruct them in the knowledge of GOD that they might thereby acquire wisdome and goodnesse For the better promotion of piety he built a stately Monastery at Winchester and upon the occasion before mentioned of his inforced retire into the Isle of Athelney hee there out of a locall gratitude erected an other like religious house and a third for a Nonnery at Shaftisbury in the County of Dorset the prefecture whereof he assigned to Ethelgeda his second daughter the first Abbesse there all which he inriched with large revenewes These and other his edifices by his owne former kinde of structure were most spacious sumptuous and glorious beyond all the platformes and presidents of his ancestors And because To every thing saith Salomon there is a season and a time to every purpose vnder the heaven and jactura temporis preciosissima it was the glory of his first invention to proportion out a certitude of time in all his best and choisest actions The use of Clocks and Watches being not then invented hee cast the naturall day consisting of twenty foure houres into three parts and having solemnely devoted the best and choisest part of his time to the service of God he apportioned the spaces of the day by a great wax light or Tapor which was placed in his Chappell or Oratory divided into three equall distances and measured his time by the burning thereof whereof he had notice by his wax-keeper or officer appointed for that purpose according to this threefold proportion of time he allotted eight hours for prayer studie and writing eight in the service of his body for his sleepe and sustenance and eight in the affaires of his estate which as farre as humane judgement could discerne his infirme body and casualties of that mutable time permit he most accuratly studied to performe and for the better admeasurement of time for his subjects and common people six wax candles were appointed for every twenty foure houres and the use of Lanthornes first invented by him to preserve their due time of burning The prime motive of that invention was upon this ground the Churches then were of so poore and meane a structure that the Candles being set before the Reliques were oftentimes blowne out by the wind which got in not only per ostium ecclesiarum but also per frequentes parietum rimulas insomuch that the ingenious Prince was put to the practise of his dexterity and upon that occasion by an apt composture of thin hornes in wood he taught us the mystery of making a Lanthorne hee also made a Law for contribution of money towards the maintenance of candles And in the league betweene him and Gythrun there were strict and severe Lawes made against those who paid not tythes to the Clergie He was as zealous in inlarging the immunities and priviledges of his Churches as appeares by his sanction de immunitate Templi ca. 2. and by another de sacrarum aedium immunitate cap. 5. By the first any person being guilty of any crime if it did not concern villam Regis or any honorable family hee had the priviledge of refuge to the Temple and of abode there three nights without any disturbance or expulsion By the latter if a man pursued by his enemie did flie to the Temple no man might take him away à nemine abstrahitor by the space of seven dayes if hee were able to live for hunger viam vinon apperuerit other and great immunities the King there granteth to the Church but with this caution unicuique templo religiose ab Episcopo consecrato hanc pacem concedimus c. Every Church must be first haliowed by the Bishop before it could be capable of such a freedome whence a grave and learned Civilian observes upon that Law ca. 5. that the Patron or Founder might bring the stones and the workeman put the materials together and make it a house but the Bishop made it a Church till then nothing was but the breathlesse body of a Temple the soule being yet to come from the diviner influence of the Diocesan As this Princely piety did inlarge it selfe in maintenance of the rites and ceremonies of the Church the necessary and divine dues and duties to the Altar Tithes being the just alimony of the painefull ministery as also in the immunitis of Gods houses so was it munificently extended to the needfull supportations of those consecrated bodies the materiall temples themselves It was not long ere he cured and closed up those parietum rimulas the crannies and chinks of those crackt and crazed houses with the expence of his owne estate About Anno 892. Not without long seizing and many doubtfull skirmishes he recovered the Citie of London out of the hands of the Danes restored it to its former liberties repaired the ruines and committed the custody thereof to Ethelred Duke of Mercia who maried the Lady Elfed his eldest daughter And doubtlesse the Churches in London and elsewhere had a principall interest in his pious and prudent provision for restauration and reparation And if the first fabrick of the Temple of St. Paul which was about 210.