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A11467 Europæ speculum. Or, A vievv or survey of the state of religion in the vvesterne parts of the world VVherein the Romane religion, and the pregnant policies of the Church of Rome to support the same, are notably displayed: with some other memorable discoueries and memorations, never before till now published according to the authours originall copie. Sandys, Edwin, Sir, 1561-1629. 1629 (1629) STC 21718; ESTC S116680 134,835 260

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weaknesse of untruth and dishonestie which being rotten at the heart abate the force of whatsoever is founded thereon their outward means were sufficient to subdue a whole world Now as in every Art and Science there is some one or few first propositions or theoremes on the vertue whereof all the rest depend so in their Art also they haue certein Head Assertions which as indemonstrable principles they urge all men to receiue and hold And those are That they are the Church of GOD within which great facilitie and without which no possibilitie of Salvation that divine praerogatiue graunted to them aboue all other Societies in the world doth preserue them everlastingly from erring in matter of Faith and from falling from God that the Pope Christs Deputie hath the keyes of Heaven in his custodie to admit in by Indulgence and shut out by Excommunication as hee shall see cause that the charge of all Soules being committed to him hee is thereby made Soveraigne Prince of this world exceeding in power and Ma tie all other Princes as farre as the soule in dignitie doth exceed the body and aeternall things surmount things temporall and seeing that the End is the rule and commaunder of whatsoever doth tend unto it and all things in this world are to serue but as instruments and the world it selfe but as a passage to our everlasting habitation that therefore he that hath the soveraigne menaging of this high end and the honor to be the supreame Conductor unto it hath also power to dispose of all things subordinate as may best serue to it to plant to root out to establish to depose to bind to loose to alter to dispence as may serue most fit for the advancement of the Church and for the atchieving of the Soules faelicitie wherein whosoever oppose against him whether by Haeresie or schisme they are no other than very Rebels or seditious persons against whom hee hath unlimited and endlesse power to proceed to the suppressing ruining and extinguishing of them by all means that the common-wealth of God may flourish in prosperitie and the highway to Heaven be kept safe and open for all Gods loyall and obedient people In these poincts no doubt or question is tolerable and who so joyne with them in these shall find great connivence in what other defect and difference soever this being the very touchstone at which all men are to be tryed whether they bee in the Church or out of the Church whether with them or against them And by this plot haue their witts erected in the world a Monarchie more potent than ever any that hath been before it a Monarchie which entituling them De jure to all the world layeth a strong foundation thereof in all mens consciences the onely firme ground of obedience in the world and such a foundation as not onely holdeth fast unto them whatsoever it seazeth on but workes outwardly also by engines to weaken and undermine the state of all other Princes how great soever and that in such sort as by possessing themselues of the principall places in the hearts of their subjects as being those from whom they receiue their principall good even the happinesse of their soules to incite them vpon very conscience against their naturall soveraignes at pleasure and by writ of excommunication to subdue or at the leastwise greetly to shake whom they list without fighting a blow without leavying a Souldjer and lastly a Monarchy which as it was founded by meere wit so needeth not any thing but meere wit to maintaine it which enricheth it selfe without toyling warreth without endangering rewardeth without spending vsing Colleges to a great purpose as any other can fortresses and working greater matters partly by Schollars partly by swarms of Friers than any else could ever do by great garisons and Armies and all these maintained at other folkes charges for to that rare poinct haue they also proceeded as not onely to haue huge rents themselues out of all forrein states but to maintaine also their instruments out of other mens devotion and to advance their favorites under the fairest pretence of providing for Religion to the very principall praeferments in forrein Princes Dominions That no man thinke it strange if finding the revenew of skill and cunning to bee so great and her force so mightie especially where shee worketh upon simplicitie and ignorance they enclosed heretofore all learning within the walls of their Clergie setting forth Lady Ignorance for a great Sainct to the Laietie and shrining her unto them for the true mother of Devotion And assuredly but for one huge defect in their policie which was hard in regard of their owne particular ambitions but otherwise not impossible to be avoyded that they chuse their Popes lightly very old men and withall indifferently without any restraint out of all families and nations whereby they are continually subiect to double change of government the successor seldome prosecuting his antecessours devises but either crossing them through envieor abandoning them upon new humour it could not haue bene but they must haue long since beene absolute Lords of all which defect notwithstanding so strong was their policie by reason of the force of their cordiall foundation that no Prince or Potētate ever opposed against them but in fine even by his owne subjects they eyther mastered him ututterly or brought him to good conformitie by great losse and extremitie till such time as in this latter age the untruth of the foundation it selfe being stoutly discovered hath given them a sore blow and chaunging in great part the stare of the question hath driven them to a reenforcement of new inventions and practises Howbeit those positions being the ground of their state and the hope of their glorie in them they admit no shadow of alteration but endeavour still per fas nefas even by all Meanes in the world to strengthen them and among their manifold Adversaries hate them most of all other who haue laboured most in sapping of that foundation And seeing that by reason of this bookish age they haue not that helpe of ignorance which in times past they had they cast about gently to soake and settle them in mens perswasions and consciences another way They tell men that the very grounds whereon we build on our perswasion of the truth of Christianitie it selfe are no other than credible that the proofes of the Scripture to bee the word of God can be no other at this day than probable onely it being unpossible for any wit in the world to produce an exact necessarie and infallible demonstration either that S t. PAVL had his calling from aboue or that those Epistles were of his owne writing so likewise in the rest And that the chiefe proofe wee haue thereof is the testimonie of the Church a thing which even their adversaries are forced to confesse Now that this probable perswasion of the truth of Christianitie doth afterwards grow into an assurednesse thereof this issueth
I hold in generall too much suspiciousnesse as great a fault and as great an enemie to wisedome as too much credulitie it doing often times hurtfull wrong to friends as the other doth receiue wrongfull hurt from dissemblers yet viewing the short continuance of sworne Leagues at this day the small reckoning that Princes make of Oathes solemnly taken whether to neighbours or subjects not saith but profit beeing the bond of alliance and amitie which altering once the other haue no longer during it making me thinke not unpossible that the Popes unlimited fingers may bee stirring even at this day more often in secret in uniting those knotts of the bonds of conscience than the world is ware of at leastwise that by authoritie and imitation of his example Princes assume unto them selues a like facultie of dispensing with their owne Oathes whensoever they can perswade them selues it is behooffull unto their kingdomes as he when to his Church But howsoever that stands this is very apparent that by this doctrine and policie the Popes opposites and enemies especially the States and Princes of the Reformed Religion are inestimably praejudiced beeing reduced hereby to a continuall incerteintie and confusion in all their weightiest actions counsells and resolutions there being a warrant dormant for all men to breake league and oath with them and no need of particular dispensation from his Holinesse their Church long since by her rules and some of great reckoning among them more lately by their writings having published and preached to all the world that Faith given to Hereticks is not to be kept that leagues with them are more honourable in their breaking than in their making denying that right unto Princes of Christian profession which Christians unto Heathen the Heathen one to an other of how different Religion soever yea all honourable Princes unto very Traytours and Rebels haue alwayes kept inviolable And surely if Father PARSONS at his late cōming to Rome pretending to make peace betweene the English Schollars and the Iesuites who were charged with much indirect dealing and large imbeazeling and setting downe certein articles betweene them to that purpose whereby each part should be bound to desist impugning of the other did by handling the matter as is said with such sleight and conveiance imitating therein a rule of fast on the one side and loose on the other in the ground of their order as first to sweare the schollars to obserue that which was their part and afterwards to leaue the Iesuites unsworne to theirs effect his secret and ambitious intent and to the great griefe of the schollars make the Iesuits their Governours what other account can be made of these peaces and leagues betweene those of the Romane and of the Reformed Religion but that the one side being tied by oath and the other left free for so are they taught they shall so farre forth onely haue performance and continuance as shall proue to the advantage in ease or profit of that partie which esteemeth itselfe left at libertie The sacred the soveraigne instrument of justice among men what is it what can it bee in this world but an oath being the strongest bond of Conscience this the end of strifes particular this the soder of publike peace and the sole assurance of amitie betweene divers Nations which being made here below is enrolled in his high Court whose glorious name doth signe it who hath made no graunt of accesse to his Coelestiall palace but to such as hauing sworne once though it redound to their owne damage yet swarue not from it that nothing but mischiefe can be praesaged to the world in this age most wretched wherein perjurie hath so undermined the very tribunals of judgement that it hath chased true justice out of the world and left no place for a just man where to stand against the craftie But what may be said when he that sitteth in the Temple of God shall so far advance himselfe aboue God as to dispense with oaths made sacred by the most holy and high name of God when he that professeth himselfe the sole Vmpire and Peace-maker of the World should cut in sunder those only sinews that hold peace together when the Father of Princes and Prince of Religion shall carie him selfe with so wicked partialitie and craft as in dissoluing oathes by afflicting therein the part he hateth and making the other perpetually obnoxious to him to worke his owne certeine advantage from both and lastly by making that auncient bridle of the unjust to be now an onely snare to entrap the innocent shall impose that blemish upon the name of Christianitie which Pagans in their naturall moralitie haue abhorred I will not here omit one other great helpe which casualiie rather than cunning may seeme to haue wrought it falling out often in the affaires of men that where wisedome hath furnished out sundry aids and instruments there some also doe frame themselues as it were by chaunce springing out of the concurrence of divers accidents with the former As at this day the Greatnesse of the House of Austria extending it selfe well neere to all Quarters of Europe and confining with many of the Popes principall adversaries who having long since upon the rich purchase which they had of the West-Indies devoured in assured hope and conceipe the Monarchy of our Westerne-World And finding no sitter and more plausible meanes ro enlarge their temporall Dominion than by concurring with the Pope in restoring his spirituall haue linked themselues most fast with his sea and investing them selues voluntarily witb an office of their owne erection haue taken upon them to bee the Executioners of the Papall Excommunications that having title from the Pope who giveth his Enemies states Occupanti and distracting their subjects from them upon feare of his curse the rest they may supply out of their owne force and opportunities And for this purpose hath b●ne erected and by them highly cherished that super politike and irrefragable order as they compt it of the Iesuites who couple in their perswasions as one God and one Faith so one Pope and one King bearing the world in hand that no other meanes for the Church to stand but by resting upon this pillar and by uniting in this sort all the forces of the Christians this the onely meanes to vanquish that Arch-enemie of Christianitie That the Italians may not brag to haue beene the onely men who haue subdued the world unto them by their wit the Spaniards hauing proved so good schollars in their schooles that though they follow them in their grounds of pretending their advancement of Religion and in their Instruments of religious orders to practise mens minds with yet in this they out-goe them that they use the Popes weapons lightnings thunders and terrours for instruments of their owne greatnesse and his hope of re-establishing his spirituall reputation by them to the immoderate encrease of their secular power by him that the Pope also himselfe must in
the end be constrained to cast himselfe into their armes and to remaine at their devotion acknowledging him thenceforth for his good Lord and Patron whom heretofore he hath governed and comman ded as his sonne A poinct which as some of the ministers of Spaine in the huffe of their pride haue not bene able to hold in but haue braved the assembly of Cardinals to their beards that they hoped ere long to see the day that their M r. should tender halfe a douzen to the Pope to bee made Cardinalls at once whereof he should not dare to refuse any one and that the Cardinalls them selues should as little dare to choose any other Pope than whom he named so their importunat pressing of the Popes in these latter times to serue all their ambitious and raging turnes and the long praejudicing of the libertie of the Conclaue in their elections hath given them good assurance that they speake as they meane that their braggs are hopes and these threats are purposes But howsoever the great jealousie and feare whereof as being not now to learne the Spanish hautinesse and insolence who in the pride of their Monarchie are growne also to sweare by the life of their King haue extremely perplexed some of the later Popes and driven them to very extraordinary and desperate resolutions which they haue paid for dearly and in generall haue made it enacted for a rule in that sea not so much to seeke the repairing of their forrein spirituall authoritie if it cannot be done but by meanes of so huge inconvenience as to strengthen and make themselues great in their temporall estate at home Yet now seeing France beyond all hope of man reuinited in it selfe and likely to flourish as in its former prosperitie whereby they shall be able so to balance these Monarchs as to make that part the heavier to which they shall propend an auncient rule and continuail practise of that sea I should not greatly doubt but that they will bee content againe henceforward so long as matters stand in termes they do to enterteine that good correspondence with the House of Austria as to serue them with their Excommunications that they may bee served by them with their Executions The sweetnesse whereof as the Spaniard hath long since tasted in effect having seized on Navarre by that onely pretence and of later times in high conceipt and hope trusting to haue embraced both France and England by the same meanes so doubt ● not but that other braunch of the House of Austria in Germanie which hath engrossed and in a manner entailed to their house so many electiue States the Empire the Kingdomes of Bohemia with his dependances and of Hungarie and are likely also to draw in the Princedome of Transilvania whensoever they should attaine quiet and securitie from the Turke which hath no great unlikelihood to bee compassed in short time would take the same course against the Protestants of Germanie having so many Praelates and other there to assist them who by rooting out the Protestants out of all their States haue prepared a good ground for such a future exploit Howsoever the Pope himselfe doe yet forbeare his thunders having learned by his losse elsewhere that it argueth in these actions more courage than wit to make a noise ere the blow be ready Now as these are the hopes of the House of Austria for the enlarging of their estate and molesting of their neighbours so for the enterteining of perpetuall unitie and loue amongst themselues they use the graund praeservatiue and helpe of marriage the onely sure bond of amitie in the world in so much that by continuall intermarying among themselues they remaine still as brethren all of one family and as armes of the selfe-same body These take I to be the meanes whereby the Papacie hath assured so many of the greatest unto it To descend from which to those that are next them in degree the Nobilitie and other persons of worth and qualitie the Papacie is not disprovided of his instruments to worke upon these also it hath his baits to allure them his hookes to retaine them I will not stand much upon the benifit which their Confession doth herein yield them whereby purging into the hearts and consciences of all men they attaine knowledge of the secrets they ●ound the dispositions they discover the humours of all the most respectiue and able persons of what Con●try or calling place or qualitie soever A matter of singular consideration in the menaging of affaires of principall importance for the well-guiding of Counells the ignorance thereof being cause of error in the wisest deliberations and of uneer●eine successe in the most grounded resolutions To omit the great wealth which they heape thereby perswading their penitents especially in that only houre of agony and extremitie to ransome their sinnes committed against God by consecrating their Goods unto the Church of God whereby they haue prevailed in all places so farre the Iesuits aboue all other who are noted and envied by other order of Friers for engrossing the commoditie of being rich mens Confessours where good is to be done with whom their pranks in that kind haue beene so rare and memorable that most states at this day haue bene forced by publike order to limit the proportion of that kind of purchase For in that case they can easily extenuate those other helps of Indulgences and of Requiems at their priviledged Altars and yet without touch of the Popes Omnipotencie They compt them but simple folke that cannot use their severall devises without crossing one the other how contrarie soever They can tell them that it may be for want of contrition in themselues those soveraigne pardons wanted a fit subject to worke on and so for the other after helpe the want of intention in the Priest may frustrate the Masse of that prae●ogatiue of vertue whereby their soules may perhaps fry in Purgatory when their friends shall imagine they shine in glorie That the onely sure way of having good is by doing good and what good to be done at death but the bestowing well of his goods and where better bestowing them than upon him that gaue them and to God they are given when they are given to his Ministers Neither yet will I other than mention onely the help which the choise of their Cardinals doth yield herein whom choosing in great part out of the most noble and potent families that either voluntarily desire it or can be induced to accept it they both giue good satisfaction to all forrein Nations but especially hold Italy to them in deepe devotion and strengthen them selues with the favour and support of those mens kinreds whom they haue placed in the next step to the top of their glorie Yea and often times by means of these Cardinalls their assured instruments they insinuate them selues into the swaying of the government of those States wherein eyther by their Nobilitie or other worth they beare authoritie A policie of