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a_o great_a bearer_n and_o a_o tree_n that_o do_v not_o last_v very_o long_o my_o ground_n be_v also_o a_o shallow_a ground_n i_o think_v of_o 22_o foot_n asunder_o to_o plant_v these_o tree_n at_o or_o as_o near_o that_o as_o the_o ground_n will_v permit_v then_o second_o i_o go_v round_o my_o ground_n and_o observe_v my_o fence_n well_o and_o find_v no_o great_a tree_n in_o it_o i_o then_o resolve_v to_o set_v my_o tree_n at_o six_o foot_n from_o my_o fence_n but_o note_n if_o there_o be_v great_a tree_n in_o your_o hedge_n that_o fence_n your_o ground_n than_o this_o be_v too_o nigh_o than_o i_o set_v off_o six_o foot_n at_o one_o corner_n of_o my_o orchard_n and_o six_o foot_n at_o the_o other_o corner_n of_o the_o same_o side_n which_o be_v the_o east_n side_n than_o i_o set_v off_o six_o foot_n at_o one_o corner_n of_o the_o west_n side_n it_o matter_n not_o which_o only_o that_o end_n which_o be_v the_o levell_a be_v the_o best_a for_o measure_v have_v set_v these_o three_o 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2_o barley-corn_n and_o one_o ten_o of_o a_o barley-corn_n so_o that_o you_o see_v the_o square_a root_n of_o a_o acre_n be_v near_o 208_o foot_n 8_o inch_n two_o barley-corn_n neglect_v 1_o 10_o because_o 65_o 100_o be_v somewhat_o too_o much_o now_o from_o this_o 208_o foot_n 8_o inch_n i_o take_v the_o 12_o foot_n for_o the_o tree_n to_o stand_v off_o from_o the_o fence_n there_o remain_v 196_o foot_n 8_o inch_n than_o i_o divide_v this_o by_o 22_o the_o distance_n the_o tree_n be_v to_o stand_v asunder_o so_o i_o find_v there_o may_v stand_v ten_o tree_n for_o here_o you_o see_v there_o may_v be_v open_a place_n and_o 20_o foot_n 8_o inch_n for_o one_o more_o so_o there_o want_v but_o one_o foot_n 4_o inch_n or_o 16_o inch_n to_o make_v 10_o tree_n in_o a_o row_n for_o there_o be_v always_o a_o tree_n more_o than_o the_o open_a note_v that_o in_o plant_v of_o walk_n this_o be_v of_o good_a use_n that_o as_o i_o say_v before_o to_o make_v one_o tree_n more_o this_o 16_o inch_n i_o divide_v by_o 9_o be_v there_o be_v 9_o open_n between_o the_o ten_o tree_n the_o quotient_a be_v near_o 2_o inch_n which_o subtract_v from_o 22_o foot_n and_o there_o remain_v then_o 21_o foot_n 10_o inch_n and_o so_o much_o must_v every_o tree_n stand_v asunder_o the_o proof_n be_v as_o follow_v here_o you_o see_v that'tis_fw-la 196_o foot_n and_o 6_o inch_n it_o want_v but_o 2._o in._n then_o to_o know_v what_o distance_n your_o row_v may_v stand_v asunder_o the_o rule_n be_v if_o
i_o take_v the_o mean_a diameter_n to_o be_v 9_o in._n as_o 7_o to_o 22_o so_o 9_o to_o 28_o and_o 2_o 7_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o hollow_a ¼_n be_v 7_o in._n then_o as_o 12_o to_o 7_o so_o 12_o foot_n to_o 4_o and_o ¼_n near_o which_o take_v from_o 39_o foot_n and_o ½_o leave_v 35_o foot_n and_o ¼_n for_o the_o sound_a timber_n of_o that_o piece_n chap._n xxxviii_o of_o make_v walk_n avenue_n or_o lawn_n as_o for_o make_v of_o walk_n in_o garden_n i_o shall_v not_o speak_v of_o that_o in_o this_o place_n because_o i_o have_v resolve_v to_o keep_v my_o walk_n without_o the_o wall_n there_o be_v several_a book_n of_o garden_v that_o have_v many_o draft_n and_o knot_n in_o they_o but_o they_o be_v all_o do_v by_o guess_n and_o none_o of_o they_o fit_v to_o a_o scale_n to_o inform_v what_o ground_n they_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o so_o that_o they_o be_v as_o fit_v for_o butter-print_n as_o for_o knot_n in_o a_o garden_n most_o walk_n that_o be_v make_v abroad_o they_o either_o terminate_v or_o end_n or_o lead_v to_o the_o front_n of_o a_o house_n or_o door_n or_o garden-gate_n or_o other_o gate_n highway_n or_o wood_n etc._n etc._n now_o if_o you_o will_v make_v a_o walk_n from_o any_o one_o of_o these_o and_o have_v resolve_v upon_o the_o centre_n or_o middle_a line_n of_o the_o walk_n as_o the_o middle_a of_o a_o door_n in_o the_o front_n of_o a_o house_n or_o the_o like_a there_o pitch_v up_o a_o straight_a stake_n and_o then_o from_o the_o square_n of_o the_o front_n etc._n etc._n raise_v a_o perpendicular_a from_o this_o stake_n and_o at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n in_o this_o perpendicular_a line_n set_v up_o another_o stake_n let_v these_o two_o stake_n be_v two_o little_a stake_n at_o first_o but_o that_o at_o the_o centre_n always_o the_o high_a these_o two_o stake_n be_v thus_o fix_v and_o you_o full_o conclude_v they_o to_o be_v in_o the_o mid-line_n then_o come_v to_o the_o centre-stake_n and_o have_v in_o readiness_n a_o quantity_n of_o stake_n according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o your_o walk_n bid_v one_o of_o your_o assistance_n go_v as_o far_o as_o you_o can_v well_o see_v back-sight_n and_o foresight_n and_o there_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o your_o hand_n or_o hat_n and_o his_o own_o back-sight_n let_v he_o fix_v upright_o one_o stake_n as_o exact_o as_o may_v be_v in_o the_o line_n then_o take_v up_o the_o two_o little_a stake_n and_o at_o the_o centre_n fix_v in_o a_o stake_n six_o foot_n high_a straight_o and_o upright_o with_o paper_n on_o the_o top_n and_o exact_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o little_a stake_n stand_v thus_o have_v get_v two_o stake_n place_v the_o middle-stake_n and_o the_o centre-stake_n you_o may_v if_o your_o walk_n be_v level_a and_o the_o ground_n clear_a and_o the_o walk_v not_o above_o one_o mile_n long_o set_v up_o one_o stake_n at_o the_o end_n in_o the_o mid-line_n look_v over_o the_o head_n of_o that_o stake_n and_o the_o other_o move_v it_o till_o these_o three_o stake_n be_v in_o a_o right_a line_n so_o may_v you_o have_v the_o middle_a line_n of_o your_o walk_n by_o these_o three_o stake_n exacter_n than_o by_o more_o for_o the_o few_o stake_n you_o use_v in_o your_o mid-line_n the_o better_a because_o that_o if_o you_o be_v but_o once_o a_o little_a amiss_o the_o more_o stake_n be_v use_v you_o will_v be_v so_o much_o the_o further_o out_o of_o the_o right_a way_n and_o note_v it_o be_v better_a to_o take_v your_o sight_n over_o the_o head_n of_o your_o stake_n than_o to_o look_v by_o their_o side_n therefore_o you_o must_v have_v the_o centre_n stake_v high_a the_o next_o a_o little_o short_a and_o so_o the_o next_o short_a than_o that_o etc._n etc._n but_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v not_o level_a than_o order_n your_o stake_n according_o as_o thus_o and_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v not_o level_a or_o be_v of_o such_o a_o length_n that_o you_o can_v well_o see_v from_o end_n to_o end_n than_o you_o must_v place_v down_o more_o stake_n viz._n between_o the_o middle-stake_n and_o centre-stake_n one_o and_o between_o the_o middle_a and_o end-stake_n one_o if_o need_v require_v more_o i_o have_v oft_o make_v use_n of_o a_o sight-stake_n which_o i_o have_v only_o to_o find_v the_o place_n where_o my_o other_o stake_n shall_v stand_v this_o stake_n be_v make_v with_o a_o slit_n in_o the_o head_n half_o a_o foot_n deep_a which_o i_o look_v through_o over_o the_o head_n of_o the_o rest_n till_o i_o find_v the_o place_n where_o to_o set_v my_o stake_n right_o in_o the_o mid-line_n it_o be_v of_o good_a use_n and_o fig._n 13._o may_v somewhat_o represent_v it_o you_o may_v make_v it_o to_o slide_v up_o and_o down_o the_o better_a to_o come_v to_o the_o level_n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stake_n see_v fig._n 13._o when_o you_o take_v sight_n to_o set_v any_o stake_n true_a in_o a_o line_n with_o other_o stand_v at_o a_o little_a distance_n with_o your_o eye_n from_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stake_n so_o shall_v you_o set_v it_o exacter_n in_o the_o line_n than_o when_o your_o eye_n touch_v the_o head_n of_o the_o stake_n set_v your_o stake_n so_o that_o you_o may_v only_o see_v three_o stake_n in_o a_o line_n let_v your_o walk_n be_v of_o what_o length_n it_o will_n have_v thus_o stake_v out_o your_o mid-line_n strain_v a_o line_n in_o this_o mid-line_n and_o lay_v a_o square_a to_o that_o line_n so_o set_v off_o the_o breadth_n of_o your_o walk_n exact_o square_a to_o your_o middle-line_n then_o set_v up_o stake_n as_o you_o do_v against_o every_o stake_n in_o the_o middle_a of_o the_o walk_n and_o when_o you_o have_v get_v the_o line_n true_a where_o your_o tree_n must_v stand_v then_o drive_v down_o oak-stake_n in_o the_o line_n to_o the_o head_n and_o then_o it_o be_v but_o put_v down_o high_a stake_n by_o these_o when_o you_o come_v to_o set_v your_o tree_n then_o have_v resolve_v on_o the_o distance_n to_o set_v your_o tree_n at_o and_o provide_v good_a store_n of_o small_a stake_n take_v your_o chain_n and_o not_o a_o line_n for_o that_o will_v retch_v and_o shrink_v and_o with_o your_o help_n set_v little_a stake_n downright_o in_o this_o line_n and_o square_v where_o you_o will_v have_v every_o tree_n to_o stand_v these_o stake_n be_v to_o make_v your_o hole_n by_o which_o i_o will_v have_v at_o least_o three_o foot_n wide_a and_o two_o foot_n deep_a and_o the_o hole_n make_v a_o quarter_n of_o a_o year_n before_o you_o set_v your_o tree_n if_o it_o be_v a_o year_n it_o be_v the_o better_a keep_v the_o mould_n turn_v over_o now_o and_o then_o and_o mix_v it_o with_o earth_n or_o dung_n if_o need_v be_v then_o when_o the_o time_n of_o plant_v be_v come_v begin_v betimes_o however_o on_o dry_a ground_n set_v up_o stake_n by_o every_o oak-stake_n you_o leave_v in_o the_o row_n before_o have_v prune_v the_o root_n and_o head_n to_o a_o equal_a height_n set_v they_o right_v one_o tree_n against_o another_o square_n and_o if_o your_o tree_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o size_n set_v the_o great_a first_o right_a one_o against_o another_o and_o so_o lesser_a and_o lesser_a by_o degree_n mind_v that_o both_o row_v go_v on_o square_a together_o and_o be_v sure_a you_o mind_n to_o let_v your_o tree_n be_v at_o equal_a distance_n from_o end_n to_o end_n then_o if_o you_o have_v a_o point_n fix_v at_o both_o end_n you_o must_v run_v over_o that_o distance_n you_o resolve_v to_o plant_v your_o tree_n at_o before_o you_o set_v your_o stake_n and_o if_o you_o find_v it_o be_v over_o or_o short_a of_o equal_a distance_n then_o must_v you_o add_v or_o subtract_v this_o odd_a open_a to_o or_o from_o the_o rest_n to_o make_v they_o all_o of_o equal_a distance_n see_v chap._n 33._o now_o have_v your_o tree_n and_o all_o thing_n in_o readiness_n set_v they_o by_o the_o stake_n stand_v in_o the_o row_v mind_v to_o set_v every_o tree_n to_o range_v with_o the_o stake_n by_o back-sight_n and_o foresight_n cover_v and_o part_v the_o root_n with_o fine_a mould_n and_o when_o they_o be_v all_o cover_v lie_v on_o some_o rot_a dung_n over_o that_o mould_n and_o then_o cover_v that_o dung_n with_o a_o little_a mould_n this_o dung_n will_v keep_v they_o from_o frieze_v in_o winter_n and_o from_o dry_v too_o much_o in_o summer_n and_o also_o well_o prepare_v the_o water_n for_o the_o root_n thus_o have_v set_v they_o take_v care_n to_o fence_v they_o in_o at_o such_o place_n where_o need_n be_v so_o will_v you_o as_o well_o as_o i_o reap_v a_o great_a satisfaction_n if_o you_o let_v not_o the_o dung_n touch_v the_o root_n do_v not_o mask_v a_o fine_a front_n nor_o vail_v a_o
6_o 37._o 2._o 0_o 3._o 3._o 0_o 1._o 20_o 7_o 43._o 3._o 0_o 4._o 1._o 20_o 1._o 30_o 8_o 50._o 0._o 0_o 5._o 0._o 0_o 2._o 0_o 9_o 56._o 1._o 0_o 5._o 2._o 20_o 2._o 10_o pole_n into_o acre_n observe_v this_o table_n the_o denomination_n of_o the_o several_a number_n be_v know_v by_o the_o mark_v under_o which_o they_o be_v set_v as_o all_o under_o ac._n be_v acre_n under_o ro._n be_v rood_n under_o po._n be_v so_o many_o pole_n and_o so_o the_o first_o column_n under_o m._n answer_v to_o thousand_o that_o under_o c._n to_o hundred_o that_o under_o x._o to_o ten_o and_o the_o odd_a pole_n if_o any_o be_v be_v set_v down_o under_o pole_n as_o e._n g._n 1442_o pole_n to_o know_v how_o many_o acre_n by_o this_o table_n first_o for_o the_o one_o thousand_o in_o the_o table_n under_o m._n be_v 6_o acre_n one_o rood_n set_v that_o down_o as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o precede_a page_n then_o four_o hundred_o under_o c._n and_o against_o 4_o be_v 2_o acre_n 2_o rood_n set_v that_o down_o then_o in_o the_o table_n under_o x._o and_o against_o 4_o be_v one_o rood_n set_v that_o down_o then_o the_o odd_a pole_n set_v down_o always_o under_o the_o pole_n as_o 2_o under_o pole_n then_o sum_n they_o up_o and_o you_o shall_v find_v it_o be_v 9_o acre_n 2_o pole_n as_o before_z this_o table_n be_v so_o plain_a there_o need_v no_o more_o example_n a_o table_n of_o superficial_a long_a measure_n from_o a_o inch_n to_o a_o mile_n according_a to_o the_o standard_n of_o england_n inch._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 12_o a_o foot_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 36_o 3_o a_o yard_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 45_o 3_o ¾_n 1_o ¼_n ell._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 198_o 16_o ½_o 5_o ½_o 4_o ⅖_n pole_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 7920_o 660_o 220_o 176_o 40_o furlong_n  _fw-fr 63360_o 5280_o 1760_o 1408_o 320_o 8_o mile_n a_o table_n of_o square_a measure_n acre_n 4_o 160_o 4840_o 43560_o  _fw-fr rood_n 40_o 1210_o 10890_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr pole_n 30_o ¼_n 272_o ¼_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr yard_n 9_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr foot_n a_o example_n of_o the_o table_n of_o long_a measure_n suppose_v you_o be_v to_o find_v out_o how_o many_o inch_n be_v in_o a_o pole_n long_o look_v under_o inch_n and_o against_o pole_n there_o be_v 198_o and_o so_o many_o inch_n be_v in_o a_o pole_n long_o and_o 16_o ½_o foot_n 5_o ½_o yard_n and_o in_o the_o table_n of_o square_a measure_n to_o know_v how_o many_o square_a yard_n be_v in_o a_o pole_n look_v against_o pole_n and_o above_o yard_n there_o be_v 30_o ¼_n the_o square_a yard_n in_o a_o pole_n there_o be_v several_a other_o sort_n of_o superficial_a measure_n as_o paving_n plaistering_n wainscoting_n and_o paint_v which_o be_v to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o yard_n square_a and_o may_v be_v measure_v by_o some_o of_o the_o rule_n before_o show_v your_o ready_a way_n be_v by_o the_o yard_n divide_v into_o ten_o part_n so_o will_v you_o odd_a measure_n come_v into_o decimal_a fraction_n which_o be_v as_o easy_o cast_v up_o as_o whole_a number_n or_o if_o you_o measure_v by_o the_o foot_n rule_n have_v it_o divide_v into_o 10_o part_n and_o when_o you_o have_v find_v the_o content_a in_o foot_n divide_v it_o by_o 9_o the_o quotient_n will_v show_v you_o how_o many_o yard_n and_o if_o any_o remain_n they_o be_v foot_n some_o sort_n of_o work_n be_v measure_v by_o the_o square_n of_o 10_o foot_n the_o side_n so_o that_o such_o a_o square_n be_v 100_o foot_n for_o ten_o time_n ten_o be_v a_o hundred_o by_o this_o measure_n be_v your_o carpenter_n work_v measure_v as_o floor_n partition_n roof_n of_o house_n so_o also_o be_v til_v and_o slat_v measure_v this_o be_v very_o ready_a to_o measure_v and_o to_o cast_v up_o for_o if_o you_o multiply_v the_o breadth_n by_o the_o length_n so_o many_o hundred_o as_o you_o find_v so_o many_o square_n be_v there_o and_o what_o remain_v be_v part_n of_o a_o square_n board_n and_o glass_n etc._n etc._n be_v measure_v by_o the_o foot_n which_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o ten_o part_n which_o will_v be_v much_o easy_a to_o count_v up_o but_o if_o you_o will_v be_v more_o full_o satisfy_v in_o the_o rule_n of_o survey_v see_v the_o work_n of_o mr._n leyborn_n mr._n wing_n mr._n rathborn_a etc._n etc._n have_v the_o length_n of_o a_o field_n to_o know_v what_o breadth_n will_v make_v one_o acre_n of_o ground_n by_o the_o fourpole_n chain_n and_o line_n of_o number_n ex._n the_o length_n be_v 12_o chain_n 50_o link_n to_o find_v the_o breadth_n to_o make_v that_o length_n just_a one_o acre_n do_v thus_o extend_v your_o compass_n from_o 12.50_o the_o length_n to_o 10_o that_o extent_n will_v reach_v from_o one_o to_o 80_o which_o be_v the_o breadth_n in_o link_n to_o make_v one_o acre_n for_o if_o you_o multiply_v 12.50_o by_o 80_o it_o yield_v 100000_o from_o which_o if_o you_o take_v off_o five_o cipher_n there_o remain_v one_o which_o be_v one_o acre_n etc._n etc._n chap._n xli_o of_o measure_v holes_n and_o border_n that_o be_v under_o a_o pole_n broad_a by_o which_o you_o may_v the_o better_a let_v or_o take_v they_o to_o do_v by_o the_o pole-square_a etc._n etc._n with_o several_a table_n of_o measure_n holes_n for_o to_o set_v tree_n in_o be_v seldom_o make_v under_o one_o foot_n diameter_n or_o above_o eight_o foot_n diameter_n the_o depth_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o foot_n deep_a the_o rule_n to_o measure_v any_o circle_n by_o be_v the_o same_o which_o be_v thus_o to_o take_v the_o semi-circumference_n and_o the_o semi-diameter_n and_o multiply_v these_o half_n the_o one_o by_o the_o other_o sheweth_z the_o superficial_a content_a or_o area_n of_o that_o circle_n this_o you_o may_v work_v either_o by_o the_o pen_n or_o line_n of_o number_n as_o by_o the_o line_n of_o number_n thus_o the_o diameter_n be_v four_o foot_n extend_v the_o compass_n from_o 1._o to_o 4._o the_o diameter_n keep_v your_o compass_n fix_v and_o always_o on_o the_o number_n 7854_o set_v one_o point_n and_o turn_v twice_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n but_o if_o they_o fall_v off_o at_o the_o end_n at_o the_o second_o turn_n then_o must_v you_o set_v they_o on_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o line_n when_o you_o have_v turn_v they_o once_o etc._n etc._n have_v take_v the_o distance_n of_o 1_o to_o 4._o and_o set_v one_o point_n on_o the_o stand_a number_n 7854_o the_o other_o point_n go_v to_o 31_o and_o near_o ½_o thence_o if_o you_o turn_v another_o turn_v it_o will_v go_v off_o from_o the_o line_n therefore_o you_o must_v find_v the_o point_n 31_o and_o near_a ½_o on_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o line_n and_o set_v one_o point_n there_o the_o other_o will_v reach_v to_o 12_o and_o about_o 58_o 100_o which_o tell_v you_o that_o in_o a_o circle_n of_o 4_o foot_n diameter_n there_o be_v 12_o superficial_a square_a foot_n and_o a_o half_a and_o better_o now_o to_o work_v it_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n above_o by_o the_o line_n if_o you_o multiply_v the_o semi-diameter_n by_o the_o semi-circumference_n it_o give_v the_o content_a the_o same_o way_n i_o shall_v do_v it_o with_o my_o pen_n example_n first_o have_v the_o diameter_n i_o must_v find_v the_o circumference_n extend_v the_o compass_n from_o 7_o to_o 22._o the_o same_o will_v reach_v from_o 4_o to_o 12._o 58_o the_o circumference_n than_o ½_o of_o 12._o 58_o be_v 6_o 29_o 100_o the_o semi_a circumference_n which_o multiply_v by_o 2_o the_o semi_a diameter_n extend_v the_o compass_n from_o 1_o to_o 2_o the_o same_o extent_n will_v reach_v from_o 6._o 29_o to_o 12._o 58_o as_o before_o that_o be_v twelve_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a and_o 8_o 100_o you_o here_o may_v see_v how_o easy_o and_o ready_o the_o golden_a rule_n and_o multiplication_n may_v be_v perform_v by_o the_o line_n of_o number_n which_o i_o use_v the_o often_o that_o you_o may_v take_v the_o more_o notice_n of_o the_o easiness_n of_o it_o to_o work_v any_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o arithmetic_n by_o be_v once_o perfect_a in_o this_o you_o will_v soon_o understand_v the_o sector_n with_o its_o excellent_a use_n in_o the_o mathematics_n perform_v by_o line_n and_o compass_n but_o according_a to_o the_o last_o rule_n see_v the_o same_o question_n write_v with_o the_o pen_n that_o you_o may_v see_v the_o agreement_n that_o be_v between_o geometry_n and_o arithmetic_n example_n 144_o which_o 741_o barly-corn_n be_v above_o half_a a_o foot_n as_o be_v show_v before_o but_o in_o find_v the_o circumference_n i_o add_v a_o cypher_n to_o 4_o which_o make_v it_o 40_o from_o that_o i_o take_v 6_o time_n 7_o which_o be_v 42_o and_o shall_v be_v