again_o master_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o out_o contradiction_n see_v the_o roman_n have_v no_o more_o any_o fleet_n at_o sea_n moreover_o they_o have_v great_a confidence_n in_o their_o army_n at_o land_n and_o not_o without_o cause_n for_o after_o that_o the_o report_n of_o the_o battle_n give_v in_o africa_n come_v to_o rome_n and_o that_o they_o understand_v that_o the_o defeat_n of_o their_o man_n happen_v by_o the_o force_n and_o fury_n of_o the_o elephant_n for_o that_o they_o have_v break_v the_o rank_n and_o open_v the_o battalion_n and_o that_o they_o have_v make_v a_o wonderful_a slaughter_n of_o they_o their_o fear_n of_o the_o elephant_n from_o that_o day_n be_v so_o great_a as_o for_o two_o year_n after_o they_o never_o dare_v charge_n the_o carthaginian_n although_o they_o make_v many_o encounter_n in_o africa_n and_o in_o the_o country_n of_o selinuntia_n nor_o camp_n in_o the_o plain_n within_o five_o or_o six_o furlong_n of_o they_o keep_v always_o the_o mountain_n and_o hilly_a country_n to_o save_v themselves_o from_o the_o elephant_n lipara_n so_o as_o they_o only_o force_v theruce_n and_o lipara_n wherefore_o the_o roman_n know_v the_o fear_n their_o army_n have_v resolve_v again_o to_o put_v a_o fleet_n to_o sea_n at_o that_o time_n the_o roman_a people_n be_v assemble_v they_o choose_v unto_o the_o consulship_n caius_n attilius_n and_o lucius_n manlius_n they_o also_o make_v fifty_o new_a ship_n roman_n and_o rig_v out_o the_o old_a the_o which_o they_o furnish_v with_o soldier_n proportionable_o when_o as_o asdrubal_n general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n know_v well_o the_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v advertise_v by_o the_o fugitive_n that_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n be_v return_v unto_o rome_n with_o half_a the_o army_n and_o cecilius_n remain_v alone_o at_o palermo_n with_o the_o other_o he_o part_v from_o lylibeum_n when_o as_o harvest_n approach_v with_o his_o army_n to_o spoil_v and_o fall_v upon_o the_o territory_n of_o palermo_n plant_v his_o camp_n upon_o the_o mountain_n cecilius_n have_v news_n of_o their_o come_n and_o know_v that_o asdrubal_n desire_v nothing_o but_o a_o battle_n keep_v his_o army_n within_o the_o town_n by_o this_o mean_v asdrubal_n grow_v very_o confident_a conceive_v that_o cecilius_n keep_v himself_o close_o for_o fear_n he_o cause_v his_o army_n to_o march_v to_o palermo_n have_v ruin_v and_o burn_v all_o the_o champion_n country_n the_o consul_n be_v always_o of_o opinion_n not_o to_o go_v to_o field_n until_o that_o his_o enemy_n be_v draw_v to_o pass_v the_o river_n which_o run_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n wall_n but_o when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o elephant_n approach_v elephant_n he_o cause_v a_o â—ally_o to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o nimble_a and_o most_o active_a man_n of_o his_o army_n command_v they_o to_o skirmish_v with_o the_o enemy_n until_o their_o whole_a camp_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o come_v to_o the_o combat_n and_o afterward_o consider_v that_o matter_n have_v succeed_v as_o he_o desire_v he_o ordain_v the_o light_a and_o most_o active_a to_o plant_v themselves_o beyond_o the_o town_n ditch_n give_v they_o charge_n to_o cast_v pertuisan_n dart_n and_o spit_v a_o far_o off_o at_o the_o elephant_n and_o if_o they_o come_v run_v upon_o they_o with_o fury_n and_o violence_n they_o shall_v slip_v into_o the_o ditch_n and_o from_o thence_o cast_v their_o dart_n at_o they_o he_o also_o command_v the_o archer_n of_o the_o marker_n place_n to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o to_o fight_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o wall_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o issue_v forth_o with_o all_o the_o ensign_n by_o another_o side_n of_o the_o town_n right_a against_o the_o enemy_n leave_v wing_n and_o send_v many_o to_o those_o which_o fight_v with_o dart_n present_o after_o the_o skirmish_n begin_v the_o master_n of_o the_o elephant_n who_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o glory_n will_v have_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o victory_n incense_v they_o against_o the_o enemy_n not_o attend_v hasdrubal_n pleasure_n the_o roman_n observe_v the_o consul_n commandment_n turn_v head_n present_o and_o when_o as_o the_o elephant_n pursue_v they_o with_o fury_n they_o slip_v into_o the_o ditch_n the_o elephant_n be_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o it_o they_o be_v sudden_o charge_v with_o dart_n and_o pertuisan_n aswell_o by_o the_o townsman_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o wall_n as_o from_o the_o soldier_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o ditch_n and_o when_o as_o they_o can_v pass_v no_o further_o they_o turn_v head_n be_v necessary_o force_v to_o fall_v upon_o their_o own_o battallion_n with_o great_a slaughter_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n cecilius_n go_v sudden_o to_o field_n have_v his_o whole_a army_n entire_a and_o in_o good_a order_n by_o another_o gate_n and_o charge_v his_o enemy_n furious_o roman_n who_o be_v already_o break_v by_o the_o elephant_n and_o charge_v again_o by_o the_o consul_n troop_n be_v easy_o defeat_v a_o part_n of_o they_o be_v slay_v the_o rest_n save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n there_o be_v ten_o elephant_n take_v with_o their_o indian_a master_n 〈…〉_z after_o the_o battle_n their_o governors_n be_v cast_v down_o this_o victory_n purchase_v great_a honour_n to_o cecilius_n as_o the_o man_n who_o by_o the_o report_n of_o all_o the_o whole_a world_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o roman_n after_o that_o time_n resume_v courage_n camp_v in_o the_o plain_n when_o the_o roman_n have_v news_n of_o this_o victory_n it_o be_v not_o credible_a the_o joy_n which_o they_o conceive_v not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o take_n of_o the_o elephant_n whereby_o the_o carthaginian_n power_n be_v much_o decrease_v as_o for_o that_o their_o man_n seem_v to_o be_v grownâ—_n more_o hardy_a in_o the_o war_n roman_n for_o that_o they_o have_v conquer_v they_o wherefore_o they_o prepare_v a_o army_n at_o sea_n as_o they_o have_v former_o resolve_v and_o send_v the_o consul_n into_o sicily_n with_o two_o hundred_o vessel_n desire_v to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o that_o war_n whither_o they_o pass_v have_v make_v provision_n of_o victual_n and_o other_o thing_n necessary_a this_o be_v the_o foureteen_v year_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o war_n the_o consul_n be_v arrive_v and_o receive_v the_o band_n of_o soldier_n that_o be_v there_o they_o go_v and_o lay_v siege_n to_o lylibeum_n hope_v after_o the_o take_n thereof_o they_o may_v easy_o transport_v the_o war_n into_o africa_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n move_v with_o the_o like_a consideration_n resolve_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o keep_v it_o know_v well_o that_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o lylibeum_n they_o have_v nothing_o else_o remain_v in_o sicily_n the_o roman_n in_o truth_n hold_v in_o a_o manner_n the_o whole_a island_n except_o trepanum_n but_o to_o the_o end_n that_o what_o we_o speak_v of_o sicily_n may_v not_o seem_v obscure_a to_o some_o one_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o place_n we_o will_v deliver_v the_o situation_n in_o few_o word_n all_o sicily_n have_v its_o situation_n in_o regard_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o limit_n thereof_o sicily_n like_v unto_o morea_n in_o respect_n of_o greece_n and_o its_o bound_n it_o be_v true_a â—here_o be_v some_o difference_n for_o that_o there_o be_v a_o little_a sea_n betwixt_o this_o and_o italy_n whereas_o morea_n be_v join_v unto_o greece_n by_o a_o little_a slip_n of_o land_n for_o they_o may_v go_v on_o dry_a foot_n from_o morea_n unto_o greece_n and_o not_o from_o sicily_n into_o italy_n without_o ship_v sicily_n be_v of_o a_o triangular_a form_n sicily_n and_o so_o many_o angle_n as_o it_o have_v so_o many_o cape_n or_o promontory_n there_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n among_o the_o which_o that_o whereon_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n do_v beat_v be_v call_v pachinus_n and_o look_n towards_o the_o south_n that_o which_o tend_v towards_o the_o north_n where_o the_o sea_n do_v end_n and_o be_v not_o above_o a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o italy_n be_v call_v pelorus_n the_o three_o which_o have_v his_o aspect_n towards_o africa_n and_o towards_o the_o winterly_a west_n and_o which_o be_v right_a against_o carthage_n from_o the_o which_o unto_o the_o afric_a shore_n there_o be_v not_o above_o one_o hundred_o twenty_o and_o seven_o mile_n be_v call_v lylibeum_n divide_v the_o sea_n of_o sardinia_n and_o sicily_n there_o be_v a_o town_n on_o this_o cape_n which_o carry_v the_o same_o name_n the_o which_o the_o roman_n besiege_v at_o that_o time_n the_o which_o be_v strong_a with_o wall_n and_o ditch_n and_o moreover_o with_o marsh_n and_o pool_n by_o the_o which_o lie_v the_o passage_n for_o ship_n into_o the_o port_n but_o the_o entry_n be_v difficult_a and_o not_o accessible_a but_o by_o expert_a mariner_n the_o roman_n then_o to_o besiege_v it_o thorough_o make_v round_o about_o it_o trench_n
demand_v of_o they_o for_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n for_o the_o take_n of_o sagont_n he_o acquaint_v they_o likewise_o of_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o province_n whither_o they_o make_v their_o voyage_n make_v great_a esteem_n and_o respect_n of_o the_o friendship_n and_o alliance_n of_o the_o gaul_n after_o which_o speech_n see_v they_o all_o resolute_a and_o that_o they_o demand_v nothing_o but_o to_o part_n he_o commend_v their_o good_a will_n and_o prowess_n and_o after_o he_o have_v tell_v they_o the_o day_n when_o they_o shall_v truss_v up_o their_o baggage_n he_o dismiss_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n when_o he_o have_v make_v all_o necessary_a preparation_n for_o his_o voyage_n spain_n he_o dislodge_v sudden_o when_o the_o day_n of_o part_v be_v come_v with_o fourscore_o and_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n and_o twelve_o thousand_o horse_n and_o past_o the_o river_n of_o ebro_n then_o within_o few_o day_n he_o bring_v under_o his_o obedience_n the_o ilergetin_n the_o bargusin_n the_o erinosin_n and_o andolisiens_n the_o like_a they_o do_v to_o all_o other_o town_n unto_o the_o pyrenee_n mountain_n raze_v some_o and_o as_o he_o perform_v this_o soon_o than_o any_o man_n can_v conceive_v so_o he_o do_v it_o not_o without_o many_o cruel_a battle_n and_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n he_o settle_v hanno_n governor_n of_o this_o country_n and_o make_v he_o likewise_o lord_n of_o the_o bargusin_n for_o that_o he_o do_v not_o great_o trust_v those_o people_n for_o the_o alliance_n they_o have_v with_o the_o roman_n and_o he_o give_v he_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n spain_n and_o a_o thousand_o horse_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o their_o country_n leave_v with_o he_o all_o their_o baggage_n which_o march_v with_o he_o he_o send_v back_o the_o like_a number_n of_o spaniard_n to_o their_o house_n partly_o for_o that_o he_o understand_v they_o be_v grieve_v with_o the_o length_n of_o the_o journey_n and_o the_o difficult_a passage_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o partly_o to_o give_v hope_n unto_o other_o to_o return_v sometime_o into_o their_o country_n and_o that_o they_o which_o he_o leave_v in_o their_o house_n shall_v march_v more_o willing_o into_o italy_n if_o he_o need_v succour_n he_o march_v then_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n horse_n which_o amount_v unto_o the_o number_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o nine_o thousand_o horse_n and_o pass_v the_o pyrenee_n mountain_n he_o draw_v near_o unto_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n of_o rhone_n not_o so_o well_o accompany_v with_o great_a number_n as_o good_a man_n who_o have_v be_v always_o victorious_a but_o to_o the_o end_n this_o may_v not_o seem_v too_o obscure_a by_o the_o ignorance_n of_o place_n we_o have_v think_v it_o fit_a to_o show_v in_o few_o word_n from_o whence_o hannibal_n part_v and_o what_o great_a country_n he_o pass_v and_o into_o what_o part_n of_o italy_n he_o enter_v it_o be_v true_a we_o have_v not_o set_v down_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n as_o many_o historiographer_n do_v think_v that_o all_o will_v the_o better_o be_v understand_v if_o they_o have_v the_o knowledge_n thereof_o for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o place_n whereof_o we_o have_v knowledge_n be_v of_o great_a profit_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a understanding_n and_o more_o certain_a memory_n of_o thing_n but_o where_o the_o place_n be_v unknown_a their_o name_n be_v like_a unto_o that_o manner_n of_o voice_n which_o beside_o the_o hear_n signify_v nothing_o by_o this_o mean_v it_o happen_v that_o see_v our_o understanding_n do_v not_o comprehend_v any_o thing_n by_o the_o name_n and_o the_o which_o know_v can_v breed_v any_o great_a profit_n that_o the_o relation_n be_v altogether_o fruitless_a and_o therefore_o we_o must_v find_v mean_n by_o the_o which_o speak_v of_o place_n that_o be_v unknown_a we_o may_v make_v the_o truth_n to_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o reader_n with_o all_o our_o power_n the_o first_o and_o principal_a knowledge_n common_a to_o all_o man_n be_v the_o division_n of_o this_o world_n wherein_o we_o be_v contain_v by_o the_o which_o we_o know_v even_o idiot_n the_o east_n west_n south_n and_o north._n the_o second_o be_v by_o the_o which_o attribute_v to_o every_o one_o of_o these_o part_n the_o party_n of_o the_o world_n we_o come_v in_o some_o sort_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o place_n which_o we_o have_v never_o see_v but_o as_o the_o round_a circle_n of_o the_o earth_n consist_v of_o many_o part_n whereof_o some_o be_v inhabitable_a and_o other_o in_o situation_n opposite_a to_o we_o part_n inhabit_v by_o the_o antipode_n we_o must_v for_o the_o present_a speak_v only_o of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n which_o we_o inhabit_v and_o for_o that_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n and_o have_v three_o name_n whereof_o they_o call_v the_o one_o asia_n the_o other_o afric_a and_o the_o three_o europe_n it_o be_v a_o division_n which_o the_o river_n of_o tanais_n and_o nile_n make_v join_v to_o the_o straits_n of_o hercules_n pillar_n asia_n be_v seat_v betwixt_o nile_n and_o tanais_n take_v its_o extent_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o south_n in_o regard_n of_o africa_n it_o be_v seat_v betwixt_o the_o nile_n and_o the_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n take_v its_o extent_n under_o the_o south_n and_o towards_o the_o hivernall_a west_n unto_o the_o equinoxiall_a and_o to_o the_o straits_n of_o gibeltar_n final_o these_o two_o part_n seem_v to_o hold_v more_o the_o country_n under_o the_o south_n from_o the_o east_n follow_v our_o sea_n then_o towards_o the_o west_n and_o as_o for_o europe_n it_o be_v limit_v draw_v towards_o the_o north_n and_o continue_v from_o the_o east_n unto_o the_o west_n who_o great_a extent_n lie_v towards_o the_o north_n betwixt_o the_o river_n of_o tanais_n and_o narbonna_n which_o be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o country_n of_o marcelles_n towards_o the_o west_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n of_o rhone_n which_o lose_v themselves_o in_o the_o sardinian_a sea_n the_o gaul_n hold_v all_o that_o country_n from_o narbonna_n unto_o the_o perinee_n mountain_n the_o which_o extend_v themselves_o from_o our_o sea_n unto_o the_o ocean_n and_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o europe_n from_o the_o perinee_n mountain_n unto_o the_o west_n i_o mean_v unto_o the_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n it_o be_v environ_v on_o the_o one_o side_n by_o our_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o by_o the_o main_a ocean_n the_o country_n about_o which_o our_o sea_n do_v flow_v unto_o the_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n be_v call_v spain_n and_o as_o for_o that_o which_o have_v its_o aspect_n to_o the_o ocean_n it_o have_v not_o yet_o any_o know_a name_n that_o have_v come_v to_o our_o knowledge_n although_o it_o be_v full_o inhabit_v by_o barbarous_a people_n of_o who_o we_o will_v speak_v particular_o when_o we_o come_v to_o their_o rank_n for_o as_o the_o region_n which_o be_v near_o unto_o ethiopia_n whereas_o asia_n and_o africa_n join_v be_v at_o this_o day_n unknown_a whether_o it_o be_v firm_a land_n continue_v towards_o the_o south_n or_o enclose_v by_o the_o sea_n so_o likewise_o the_o country_n be_v at_o this_o day_n unknown_a which_o betwixt_o tanais_n and_o narbonna_n draw_v towards_o the_o north_n so_o as_o they_o dream_v which_o speak_v or_o write_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v this_o digression_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o deed_n which_o we_o be_v to_o relate_v may_v not_o be_v altogether_o obscure_a to_o those_o which_o know_v not_o the_o place_n and_o that_o they_o may_v come_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a by_o the_o region_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n for_o we_o have_v be_v always_o accustom_v to_o turn_v our_o face_n continual_o to_o that_o which_o they_o teach_v we_o by_o reason_n and_o example_n the_o understanding_n must_v always_o have_v regard_n to_o those_o country_n which_o be_v interpose_v in_o the_o relation_n leave_v then_o our_o discourse_n africa_n let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o continuance_n of_o our_o speech_n the_o carthaginian_n at_o that_o time_n hold_v all_o the_o affricaine_n shore_n whereas_o our_o sea_n flow_v from_o the_o philonien_n altar_n near_o unto_o the_o bank_n of_o barbary_n unto_o the_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n this_o contain_v about_o sixteen_o thousand_o furlong_n and_o in_o pass_v that_o little_a sea_n which_o be_v betwixt_o africa_n and_o europe_n they_o have_v conquer_a all_o spain_n unto_o the_o perinee_n mountain_n which_o divide_v that_o province_n from_o gaul_n from_o the_o which_o unto_o straits_n of_o gebeltar_n where_o stand_v the_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n there_o be_v about_o eight_o thousand_o furlong_n and_o from_o the_o straight_a unto_o the_o new_a town_n which_o some_o call_v carthage_n from_o whence_o hannibal_n part_v to_o
the_o cause_n for_o the_o which_o the_o roman_n pass_v first_o with_o a_o army_n into_o sclavonia_n and_o into_o that_o country_n of_o europe_n since_o they_o send_v a_o embassy_n to_o corinth_n and_o to_o the_o athenians_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o corinthian_n desire_v to_o make_v the_o roman_n partaker_n of_o the_o war_n which_o they_o make_v against_o they_o of_o the_o iftmus_fw-la at_o that_o time_n asdruâ—al_n for_o here_o we_o former_o leave_v our_o discourse_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o spain_n have_v by_o his_o great_a virtue_n much_o increase_v the_o carthaginian_n empire_n in_o spain_n and_o build_v a_o town_n which_o some_o call_v carthagena_n carthaginian_n other_o villanova_n most_o commodious_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o situation_n as_o well_o for_o the_o affair_n of_o spain_n as_o of_o africa_n of_o who_o situation_n and_o of_o the_o benefit_n it_o may_v bring_v to_o the_o two_o province_n we_o will_v speak_v in_o another_o place_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v fit_a the_o 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asdrubal_n who_o conclude_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n by_o the_o which_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n shall_v not_o pass_v the_o river_n of_o ebro_n with_o a_o army_n and_o that_o they_o may_v over_o run_v the_o rest_n of_o spain_n present_o after_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o treaty_n they_o prepare_v for_o war_n in_o italy_n against_o the_o gaul_n the_o which_o we_o have_v think_v good_a to_o relate_v summary_o to_o the_o end_n that_o as_o we_o have_v propose_v the_o preparation_n for_o the_o other_o history_n may_v be_v more_o manifest_a we_o will_v look_v back_o unto_o the_o time_n when_o as_o the_o gaul_n seize_v first_o upon_o italy_n for_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o history_n will_v not_o only_o be_v pleasant_a and_o worthy_a of_o memory_n but_o most_o necessary_a to_o understand_v with_o what_o people_n afterward_o and_o in_o what_o covatry_n hannibal_n trust_v himself_o dare_v assail_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o first_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o their_o province_n what_o situation_n and_o what_o proportion_n it_o have_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o italy_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v the_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o history_n in_o declare_v first_o the_o property_n of_o place_n and_o country_n all_o italy_n be_v of_o a_o triangular_a form_n italy_n that_o side_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o eâ—st_n be_v confine_v by_o the_o ionian_a sea_n and_o the_o adriatic_a gulf_n and_o that_o which_o tend_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o west_n be_v enclose_v by_o the_o sea_n of_o italy_n and_o sicily_n these_o two_o side_n join_v together_o make_v the_o point_n of_o the_o triangle_n where_o in_o front_n lie_v the_o promontory_n which_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n call_v cocynthe_n and_o have_v its_o aspect_n to_o the_o south_n divide_v the_o ionian_a sea_n from_o the_o sicilian_a the_o three_o side_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o pole_n arctic_a and_o to_o 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batley_n for_o fourteen_o dinar_n and_o a_o vessel_n of_o wine_n for_o asmuch_o moreover_o it_o be_v not_o credible_a the_o abundance_n of_o mill_n and_o panic_n which_o they_o call_v indian_a oatmeal_n there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o acorn_n which_o come_v from_o the_o forest_n which_o be_v in_o diverse_a part_n of_o that_o region_n consider_v that_o the_o italian_n breed_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o swine_n to_o sacrifice_n and_o for_o their_o use_n and_o necessary_a provision_n of_o a_o army_n the_o which_o the_o fertillity_n of_o this_o country_n do_v supply_v abundant_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o conceive_v that_o the_o abundance_n of_o other_o particular_a thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n be_v great_a consider_v that_o when_o as_o guest_n come_v unto_o their_o inn_n they_o never_o make_v a_o particular_a price_n for_o the_o thing_n they_o take_v as_o they_o do_v in_o oâ—her_a country_n but_o only_o what_o every_o man_n be_v to_o pay_v for_o his_o share_n when_o as_o the_o guest_n have_v be_v honest_o entreat_v and_o have_v have_v whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o reâ—ection_n credit_v they_o never_o pay_v above_o half_a a_o assaiâ—e_n which_o be_v worth_a three-halfe-pence_n they_o seldom_o exceed_v this_o price_n moreover_o it_o be_v very_o well_o people_v the_o man_n be_v active_a goodly_a and_o strong_a for_o the_o waâ—â—e_n the_o which_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o be_v know_v by_o their_o action_n than_o by_o that_o which_o can_v be_v speak_v the_o gaul_n who_o they_o call_v transalpins_n inhabit_v the_o mountainous_a place_n on_o either_o side_n the_o alps_n towards_o the_o rhoâ—e_n and_o the_o north._n and_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o plain_n dwell_v the_o turinois_n agoniens_n and_o the_o agoniens_n and_o many_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o race_n with_o the_o transalpins_n and_o differ_v only_o in_o their_o habitation_n the_o other_o be_v call_v transalpins_n because_o they_o 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excellent_a action_n when_o as_o hannibal_n have_v win_v the_o battle_n of_o can_n against_o the_o roman_n cannes_n he_o take_v eight_o thousand_o man_n prisoner_n which_o have_v be_v appoint_v for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o fort_n or_o camp_n suffer_v they_o all_o to_o send_v to_o their_o house_n for_o their_o ransom_n and_o safety_n he_o send_v ton_v of_o the_o most_o apparent_a to_o rome_n upon_o their_o faith_n to_o return_v again_o whenas_o one_o of_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o fort_n be_v return_v say_v that_o he_o have_v forget_v something_o and_o have_v take_v that_o which_o he_o have_v leave_v he_o go_v on_o his_o way_n think_v by_o this_o return_n to_o have_v keep_v his_o faith_n and_o to_o have_v make_v his_o oath_n void_a and_o unprofitable_a when_o they_o be_v come_v to_o rome_n they_o entreat_v the_o senate_n not_o to_o hinder_v the_o delivery_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o that_o they_o will_v suffer_v they_o to_o pay_v thirteen_o liver_n for_o a_o man_n and_o that_o 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their_o treasure_n and_o withal_o to_o disâ—inhearten_v &_o discourage_v his_o enemy_n in_o battle_n show_v covert_o that_o the_o vanquish_a have_v yet_o some_o hope_n remain_v and_o be_v so_o far_o from_o yield_v to_o that_o which_o be_v require_v as_o they_o be_v neither_o move_v to_o pity_v the_o prisoner_n nor_o make_v any_o account_n of_o the_o future_a faule_fw-mi of_o man_n make_v it_o know_v in_o refuse_v to_o redeem_v their_o man_n that_o the_o conceit_n and_o hope_v which_o hannibal_n have_v in_o they_o be_v vain_a final_o they_o have_v enjoin_v their_o soldier_n by_o a_o law_n to_o unquish_v in_o fight_v or_o to_o die_v for_o that_o be_v vanquish_v there_o remain_v no_o hope_n of_o safety_n after_o which_o thing_n decree_v they_o send_v back_o the_o nine_o ambassador_n who_o willing_o return_v according_a to_o their_o promise_n deliver_v he_o who_o have_v think_v cunning_o to_o break_v his_o faith_n to_o the_o enemy_n bind_v hand_n and_o foot_n so_o as_o hannibal_n be_v not_o so_o glad_a of_o the_o battle_n win_v against_o the_o roman_n as_o sorrowful_a wonder_v at_o the_o constancy_n and_o magnamity_n of_o these_o man_n in_o their_o resolution_n a_o parcel_n of_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o polybius_n concern_v the_o accord_n make_v betwixt_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o messeniens_fw-la with_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o sardines_n by_o antiochus_n the_o city_n of_o the_o leontin_n be_v whole_o situate_v towards_o the_o north_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v a_o great_a place_n where_o there_o be_v palace_n build_v seat_n of_o justice_n and_o a_o market_n place_n for_o all_o commodity_n upon_o every_o side_n of_o the_o place_n be_v a_o hill_n with_o a_o thick_a rock_n and_o the_o plain_a of_o these_o hill_n upon_o the_o top_n be_v fill_v with_o house_n and_o temple_n final_o this_o city_n have_v two_o gate_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v towards_o the_o south_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o place_n above_o mention_v go_v to_o saragosse_n and_o the_o other_o bend_v to_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o leontine_n plain_n and_o the_o errable_a land_n but_o under_o one_o of_o the_o rock_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o west_n there_o flow_v a_o river_n which_o they_o call_v lisson_n lisson_n where_o there_o be_v house_n build_v one_o against_o another_o and_o many_o other_o under_o the_o rock_n betwixt_o the_o which_o this_o river_n pass_v behold_v the_o accord_n swear_v which_o be_v make_v by_o hannibal_n the_o commander_n mago_n mercane_a barmocare_fw-la and_o all_o the_o carthaginian_a senator_n which_o be_v then_o with_o hannibal_n grecian_n and_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n which_o he_o have_v under_o his_o command_n with_o zenophanes_n the_o son_n of_o cleomachus_n ambassador_n for_o the_o athenian_n who_o king_n philip_n the_o son_n of_o demetrius_n send_v unto_o they_o as_o well_o for_o himself_o as_o for_o the_o macedonian_n and_o their_o ally_n and_o that_o before_o jupiter_n juno_n and_o apollo_n and_o before_o the_o god_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n hercules_n and_o jolae_fw-la mars_n triton_n and_o neptune_n and_o before_o the_o god_n of_o their_o army_n the_o sun_n moon_n and_o earth_n and_o the_o river_n god_n and_o wave_n and_o final_o before_o all_o the_o god_n which_o possess_v carthage_n and_o all_o those_o which_o hold_v macedony_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o greece_n and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o other_o god_n which_o be_v not_o comprehend_v in_o this_o oath_n captain_n hannibal_n with_o the_o senator_n of_o carthage_n which_o be_v with_o he_o and_o the_o whole_a army_n have_v say_v according_a to_o your_o good_a pleasure_n and_o we_o we_o friend_n ally_n and_o brethren_n shall_v give_v order_n to_o this_o accord_n swear_v concern_v the_o friendship_n and_o good_a intelligence_n so_o as_o the_o lord_n of_o carthage_n captain_n hannibal_n and_o his_o man_n with_o the_o other_o carthaginian_a prince_n which_o live_v under_o the_o same_o law_n and_o likewise_o the_o bisartins_n with_o all_o the_o city_n and_o nation_n subject_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n soldier_n and_o ally_n and_o all_o city_n and_o people_n with_o who_o we_o have_v any_o league_n or_o friendship_n as_o well_o in_o italy_n and_o spain_n as_o in_o the_o country_n of_o genova_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o in_o this_o region_n with_o who_o we_o have_v any_o friendship_n or_o league_n shall_v be_v guard_v and_o defend_v by_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o macedonian_n and_o all_o other_o grecian_n which_o be_v in_o league_n with_o they_o in_o like_a manner_n king_n philip_n and_o the_o macedonian_n with_o the_o ally_n of_o the_o other_o grecian_n shall_v be_v guard_v and_o defend_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n make_v war_n with_o they_o and_o by_o the_o bisartins_n and_o by_o all_o the_o city_n and_o nation_n acknowledge_v the_o empire_n of_o carthage_n with_o their_o ally_n and_o soldier_n and_o all_o nation_n and_o city_n which_o be_v in_o italy_n spain_n and_o genova_n and_o all_o other_o ally_n which_o be_v in_o other_o country_n of_o italy_n neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o shall_v have_v any_o practice_n nor_o plot_v any_o war_n by_o device_n be_v of_o good_a affection_n and_o intelligence_n without_o fraud_n or_o deceit_n enemy_n to_o those_o which_o shall_v make_v war_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n except_o the_o town_n city_n and_o port_n with_o who_o they_o have_v a_o swear_a league_n we_o likewise_o shall_v be_v enemy_n to_o those_o which_o shall_v make_v war_n against_o king_n philip_n except_o the_o city_n and_o nation_n with_o who_o we_o have_v swear_v friendship_n finaly_n you_o shall_v maintain_v our_o party_n in_o give_v aid_n and_o comfort_n according_a to_o the_o necessity_n of_o our_o affair_n in_o the_o war_n begin_v betwixt_o we_o and_o the_o roman_n until_o that_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o the_o god_n you_o and_o we_o may_v have_v a_o good_a end_n and_o if_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o god_n you_o and_o we_o shall_v consent_v to_o to_o treat_v of_o friendship_n with_o the_o roman_n touch_v the_o war_n we_o have_v with_o they_o we_o will_v treat_v it_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o shall_v be_v partaker_n so_o as_o it_o shall_v be_v never_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o make_v war_n against_o you_o neither_o may_v the_o roman_n rule_n over_o the_o cercyrein_n or_o apolliniates_n or_o epidamnes_n or_o over_o phaire_n or_o demale_a the_o parthins_n and_o the_o antintanica_n and_o moreover_o they_o shall_v restore_v to_o demetrius_n of_o phaire_n all_o his_o subject_n who_o they_o have_v receive_v for_o burgess_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o roman_n make_v war_n against_o we_o or_o you_o we_o shall_v succour_v one_o another_o as_o the_o common_a necessity_n shall_v require_v the_o like_a also_o we_o will_v do_v if_o other_o make_v war_n against_o
have_v commit_v be_v careful_a not_o to_o fall_v into_o the_o enemy_n subjection_n their_o courage_n be_v such_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o this_o must_v be_v decide_v by_o a_o battle_n for_o this_o cause_n not_o only_a italy_n and_o africa_n but_o also_o spain_n sicily_n and_o sardinia_n be_v trouble_v and_o ravish_v in_o their_o judgement_n attend_v the_o end_n and_o when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n hannibal_n be_v destitute_a of_o horse_n he_o send_v to_o one_o tycheus_n a_o numidian_a ally_v to_o syphas_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v the_o most_o valiant_a of_o all_o the_o african_a horse_n persuade_v he_o to_o give_v he_o succour_n and_o he_o shall_v be_v a_o sharer_n in_o the_o action_n tycheus_n know_v that_o if_o the_o carthaginian_n vanquish_v his_o principallity_n will_v remain_v safe_a and_o entire_a but_o if_o the_o roman_n prevail_v his_o life_n itself_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o ambition_n of_o massanissa_n be_v thus_o persuade_v he_o come_v unto_o hannibal_n with_o about_o two_o thousand_o horse_n when_o as_o scipio_n have_v fortify_v his_o fleet_n at_o sea_n and_o leave_v bobias_n for_o lieutenant_n he_o spoil_v the_o city_n refuse_v to_o receive_v any_o that_o offer_v themselves_o willing_o make_v they_o slave_n scipio_n and_o show_v the_o indignation_n which_o he_o have_v conceive_v against_o the_o enemy_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o faith_n break_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n final_o he_o send_v continual_o to_o massanissa_n let_v he_o understand_v how_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v break_v the_o accord_n entreat_v he_o to_o assemble_v the_o great_a army_n that_o possible_o he_o can_v and_o to_o join_v with_o he_o according_a unto_o their_o convention_n massanissa_n after_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o accord_n be_v go_v with_o a_o army_n accompany_v with_o ten_o ensign_n of_o roman_n aswell_o horse_n as_o foot_n not_o only_o to_o recover_v his_o own_o country_n but_o also_o to_o seize_v upon_o those_o of_o syphax_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o roman_n final_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o ambassador_n send_v back_o from_o rome_n land_a at_o that_o time_n at_o the_o maritine_a pallisado_n of_o the_o roman_n ethias_n sudden_o bebias_n send_v his_o man_n to_o scipio_n and_o retain_v the_o carthaginian_n be_v sad_a and_o suppose_v to_o be_v in_o wonderful_a danger_n when_o as_o they_o be_v advertise_v of_o the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n towards_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n they_o hold_v not_o themselves_o secure_a from_o punishment_n when_o as_o scipio_n understand_v what_o have_v be_v do_v that_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v confirm_v the_o agreement_n which_o he_o have_v make_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v that_o which_o he_o advise_v they_o he_o be_v wonderful_a glad_a moreover_o he_o command_v bebias_n to_o send_v back_o the_o carthaginian_a ambassador_n to_o their_o house_n with_o all_o favour_n and_o courtesy_n use_v therein_o a_o good_a advice_n in_o my_o opinion_n with_o a_o wise_a consideration_n in_o what_o great_a esteem_v his_o country_n hold_v their_o faith_n with_o ambassador_n he_o make_v his_o reckon_n that_o the_o punishment_n deserve_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n do_v not_o merit_v so_o great_a a_o respect_n then_o that_o which_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o roman_n require_v to_o be_v do_v wherefore_o refrain_v his_o choler_n and_o indignation_n conceive_v for_o the_o offence_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n he_o labour_v to_o observe_v that_o which_o they_o say_v in_o the_o proverb_n that_o we_o must_v cleave_v unto_o the_o duty_n of_o our_o elder_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o all_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o surmount_v hannibal_n and_o their_o madness_n by_o his_o loyalty_n when_o as_o the_o carthaginian_n see_v their_o town_n force_v hannibal_n they_o send_v to_o hannibal_n that_o he_o shall_v delay_v no_o long_o but_o present_v himself_o unto_o the_o enemy_n and_o decide_v their_o affair_n by_o a_o battle_n hannibal_n hear_v these_o thing_n make_v answer_v to_o those_o that_o come_v unto_o he_o that_o he_o will_v consider_v thereon_o and_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o fit_a time_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v not_o seem_v negligent_a some_o day_n after_o he_o raise_v his_o camp_n from_o adrumetum_n and_o march_v he_o camp_n near_o unto_o zama_n which_o be_v a_o city_n five_o day_n journey_n from_o carthage_n towards_o the_o west_n from_o thence_o he_o send_v three_o spy_n spy_n desirous_a to_o know_v where_o the_o roman_n campt_v and_o how_o they_o govern_v thing_n which_o concern_v the_o situation_n of_o a_o camp_n when_o these_o spy_n be_v bring_v to_o scipio_n general_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o be_v so_o faâ—re_v from_o punish_v they_o as_o other_o usual_o do_v as_o contrariwise_o he_o give_v charge_n to_o a_o captain_n milleniere_n to_o show_v they_o plain_o what_o soever_o be_v do_v in_o the_o campe._n which_o be_v do_v he_o demand_n if_o the_o commissary_n have_v show_v they_o all_o thing_n careful_o the_o which_o when_o they_o have_v confess_v he_o send_v they_o back_o with_o victual_n and_o guide_n command_v they_o to_o relate_v careful_o unto_o hannibal_n what_o they_o have_v see_v this_o action_n cause_v hannibal_n to_o wonder_v at_o the_o magnanimity_n and_o confidence_n of_o the_o man_n he_o conceive_v a_o humour_n to_o parley_v with_o scipio_n the_o which_o when_o he_o have_v resolve_v he_o send_v a_o trumpet_n say_v that_o he_o desire_v to_o treat_v with_o he_o concern_v all_o their_o difference_n scipio_n have_v hear_v this_o from_o the_o trumpet_n consent_v say_v that_o he_o will_v signify_v unto_o he_o the_o place_n and_o the_o hour_n when_o and_o where_o he_o will_v parley_v these_o thing_n be_v hear_v by_o the_o trumpet_n he_o return_v unto_o his_o campe._n the_o day_n follow_v massanissa_n arrive_v with_o six_o thousand_o foot_n camp_n and_o almost_o as_o many_o horse_n who_o when_o as_o scipio_n have_v entertain_v courteons_o and_o show_v he_o great_a sign_n of_o favour_n for_o that_o he_o have_v make_v all_o those_o subject_n which_o have_v former_o obey_v syphax_n he_o forthwith_a raise_v his_o camp_n and_o when_o he_o come_v unto_o the_o city_n of_o margara_n and_o have_v find_v a_o commodious_a place_n and_o have_v appoint_v the_o war_a within_o a_o bow_v shoot_v he_o plant_v his_o camp_n there_o and_o from_o thence_o he_o give_v notice_n by_o certain_a convenient_a messenger_n unto_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o parley_v about_o their_o difference_n the_o which_o hannibal_n hear_v he_o present_o march_v with_o his_o camp_n and_o approach_v so_o near_o as_o he_o be_v within_o thirty_o furlong_n of_o the_o roman_n sit_v down_o upon_o a_o certain_a hill_n which_o beside_o the_o water_v be_v for_o all_o other_o thing_n commodious_a and_o sufficient_a enough_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v something_o far_o and_o therefore_o troublesome_a unto_o the_o soldier_n the_o day_n follow_v the_o two_o commander_n accompany_v with_o some_o few_o horseman_n go_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n scipio_n and_o again_o they_o separate_v themselves_o from_o their_o company_n meet_v alone_o in_o a_o indifferent_a place_n with_o a_o interpreter_n hannibal_n begin_v first_o in_o these_o term_n i_o wish_v say_v he_o the_o roman_n have_v never_o desire_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o italy_n nor_o the_o carthaginian_n out_o of_o the_o limit_n of_o africa_n either_o of_o they_o no_o doubt_n have_v great_a bound_n and_o as_o it_o be_v limit_v by_o nature_n scipio_n and_o as_o we_o have_v make_v war_n first_o for_o the_o difference_n of_o sicily_n then_o again_o for_o spain_n and_o that_o final_o fortune_n be_v averse_a against_o we_o our_o country_n have_v be_v in_o danger_n and_o we_o be_v now_o in_o peril_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o mean_n to_o end_v this_o present_a difference_n after_o we_o have_v pacify_v the_o go_n for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o ready_a have_v make_v trial_n how_o inconstant_a fortune_n be_v and_o how_o by_o little_a and_o little_o she_o incline_v sometime_o to_o the_o one_o and_o sometime_o to_o the_o other_o as_o if_o she_o be_v govern_v by_o child_n i_o be_o in_o doubt_n in_o regard_n of_o thou_o as_o well_o for_o thy_o great_a youth_n as_o for_o that_o all_o thing_n have_v succeed_v according_a to_o thy_o desire_n as_o well_o in_o africa_n as_o in_o spain_n have_v never_o yet_o feel_v the_o violence_n and_o fury_n of_o fortune_n so_o as_o happy_o thou_o do_v give_v no_o credit_n to_o my_o word_n although_o they_o be_v true_a yet_o consider_v the_o condition_n of_o these_o thing_n which_o not_o only_o concern_v our_o ancestor_n but_o even_o ourselves_o i_o be_o that_o hannibal_n who_o after_o the_o battle_n near_o unto_o can_n be_v lord_n in_o a_o manner_n of_o all_o italy_n approach_v near_o unto_o rome_n