Selected quad for the lemma: end_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
end_n north_n side_n south_n 2,400 5 9.1749 5 true
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A55522 A practicall abstract of the arts of fortification and assailing containing foure different methods of fortifications with approved rules, to be set out in the feild [sic] all manner of superficies, intrenchments, and approaches by the demy circle, or with lines and stakes / written for the benefit of such as delight in the practice of these noble arts by David Papillon ... Papillon, David, 1581-1655? 1645 (1645) Wing P303; ESTC R7889 113,292 135

There are 8 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

demy-circle_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o to_o do_v as_o you_o do_v at_o right_a hand_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o these_o two_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o southeast_n and_o the_o north-east_n angle_n of_o the_o oval_n than_o you_o be_v to_o turn_v yourself_o full_a west_n and_o to_o set_v out_o with_o your_o demy-circle_n and_o the_o foresaid_a line_n the_o south-west_n and_o north-west_n angle_n drive_v two_o stake_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n then_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 160._o yard_n oval_a yard_n this_o be_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o demi_a diametrical_a line_n of_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o oval_a to_o the_o centre_n stake_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o full_a south_n upon_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n the_o man_n with_o stake_n be_v to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n then_o wind_v the_o same_o line_n about_o and_o strain_v the_o same_o full_a north_n upon_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n drive_v in_o another_o stake_n and_o these_o two_o last_o stake_n represent_v the_o south_n and_o north_n angle_n of_o the_o oval_a then_o remove_v this_o line_n from_o the_o centre_n stake_n and_o fasten_v it_o to_o the_o east_n centre_n circle_n stake_n &_o strain_v it_o full_a east_n upon_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n drive_v in_o a_o stake_n then_o remove_v the_o same_o line_n to_o the_o west_n circle_n centre_n stake_n and_o strain_v the_o same_o full_a west_n upon_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o between_o these_o eight_o circularie_a stake_n consist_v the_o superficie_fw-la of_o the_o oval_a now_o because_o the_o six_o side_n of_o it_o be_v circularie_a you_o be_v to_o remove_v the_o foresaid_a line_n of_o 160_o yard_n to_o the_o center-stake_n and_o to_o fasten_v your_o iron_n tracing-pin_n to_o one_o side_n of_o the_o line_n and_o the_o other_o side_n to_o the_o stake_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o full_a south_n and_o to_o trace_v the_o ground_n as_o far_o as_o the_o line_n will_v give_v you_o leave_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o south_n stake_n and_o then_o you_o be_v to_o do_v the_o like_a on_o the_o north_n side_n and_o that_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o fasten_v these_o line_n one_o after_o another_o to_o the_o east_n and_o west_n circle_v center-stake_n and_o to_o trace_v the_o west_n and_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o oval_a with_o the_o point_n of_o your_o iron_n pin_n as_o you_o do_v the_o south_n and_o north_n side_n join_v the_o trace_v of_o your_o pin_n on_o all_o side_n and_o this_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o set_v many_o pionier_n to_o make_v the_o trace_v deep_o with_o spade_n or_o with_o the_o flat_a end_n of_o their_o pick-ax_n and_o when_o this_o superficie_fw-la of_o the_o oval_n be_v sufficient_o trace_v you_o be_v to_o divide_v the_o six_o circularie_a side_n into_o six_o equal_a part_n drive_v a_o stake_n in_o every_o division_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 85_o yard_n to_o every_o anglestake_n one_o after_o another_o and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o upon_o a_o strait_a diagonall_a line_n from_o the_o four_o angle-stake_n that_o represent_v the_o south-west_n and_o northwest_n and_o southeast_n and_o north-east_n angle_n but_o upon_o a_o strait_a diametrical_a line_n from_o the_o south_n and_o north_n angle-stake_n and_o at_o every_o end_n of_o the_o line_n you_o be_v to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o these_o six_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o six_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o six_o bastion_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 240_o yard_n to_o every_o three_o stake_n of_o your_o six_o side_n to_o set_v out_o by_o it_o the_o face_n and_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n of_o the_o bastion_n by_o strain_v and_o fasten_v this_o line_n to_o every_o angle_n stake_n twice_o to_o set_v out_o the_o twelve_o face_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 45_o yard_n to_o every_o second_o stake_n of_o the_o six_o side_n or_o base_n and_o to_o strain_v this_o line_n not_o perpendicularie-wise_a as_o you_o have_v do_v former_o when_o you_o do_v set_v out_o the_o bastion_n with_o orillon_n but_o five_o yard_n more_o bevell_v towards_o the_o next_o bastion_n then_o straight_o and_o where_o the_o line_n cut_v the_o other_o that_o set_v out_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n and_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n you_o be_v to_o drive_v a_o stake_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n set_v out_o all_o the_o rest_n till_o you_o have_v go_v round_o now_o let_v i_o inform_v you_o once_o for_o all_o that_o the_o safe_a and_o the_o most_o frugal_a way_n to_o set_v out_o your_o bastion_n after_o your_o main_a superficie_fw-la be_v set_v out_o be_v to_o set_v out_o one_o half_a bastion_n at_o a_o time_n and_o to_o have_v it_o note_v it_o a_o general_a observation_n to_o be_v note_v present_o trace_v before_o you_o remove_v your_o line_n for_o these_o two_o line_n one_o long_a to_o set_v out_o the_o face_n and_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n and_o a_o short_a one_o to_o set_v out_o the_o flank_n will_v serve_v turn_n and_o beside_o it_o will_v prevent_v all_o confusion_n and_o mistake_n now_o when_o all_o the_o bastion_n be_v trace_v you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o the_o dike_a and_o when_o all_o be_v finish_v the_o counterscarp_n as_o you_o have_v be_v direct_v chap._n 12_o and_o 13._o the_o line_n of_o defence_n of_o this_o oval_n be_v of_o 240_o yard_n the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bastion_n of_o 85_o yard_n be_v the_o gate_n and_o draw_v bridge_n of_o this_o oval_a fortification_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o east_n and_o west_n courtine_n that_o represent_v the_o length_n of_o the_o oval_n and_o not_o south_n and_o north_n as_o other_o fort_n be_v and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o courtine_n because_o of_o her_o circularie_a line_n of_o 170_o yard_n the_o breast_n of_o the_o bastion_n 110_o yard_n the_o gorges_n of_o 83_o yard_n and_o one_o three_o part_n and_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n of_o 100_o yard_n and_o other_o of_o 90_o because_o of_o the_o wind_a of_o the_o oval_a and_o her_o flank_n of_o 45_o yard_n three_o yard_n long_o than_o ordinary_a because_o of_o the_o circularie_a line_n of_o the_o courtine_n that_o it_o may_v the_o better_o defend_v the_o inward_a angle_n of_o the_o other_o flank_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o sexagon_n by_o bastion_n with_o orillon_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 12._o the_o sexagon_n be_v regularie_n and_o a_o most_o complete_a superficie_fw-la the_o angle_n of_o her_o centre_n be_v of_o 60_o degree_n the_o angle_n flank_v of_o 80_o degree_n yard_n degree_n see_v in_o chap._n 18._o why_o these_o side_n have_v be_v set_v out_o fifty_o yard_n long_o than_o any_o other_o former_o have_v be_v this_o sexagon_n be_v compose_v of_o six_o equilacerall_a triangle_n equal_a on_o all_o side_n contain_v every_o one_o of_o they_o 39000_o yard_n which_o be_v multiply_v by_o six_o contain_v 234000_o square_a yard_n and_o the_o angle_n flank_v of_o 135_o degree_n her_o side_n be_v of_o 300_o yard_n a_o piece_n her_o circumference_n of_o 1800_o yard_n her_o whole_a continent_n of_o 235000_o square_a yard_n out_o of_o which_o the_o one_o three_o part_n be_v deralk_v for_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o rampire_n the_o extent_n of_o the_o marketplace_n and_o the_o street_n there_o remain_v 156000_o square_a yard_n for_o the_o house_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o who_o we_o will_v allow_v in_o this_o great_a continent_n 200_o square_a yard_n that_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n some_o thing_n more_o than_o fourteen_o yard_n square_a on_o all_o side_n and_o after_o this_o allowance_n the_o foresaid_a number_n of_o 156000_o square_a yard_n be_v divide_v by_o two_o hundred_o square_a yard_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o this_o continent_n will_v contain_v 780_o house_n and_o by_o consequence_n so_o many_o inhabitant_n that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o war_n to_o billet_n in_o every_o three_o house_n a_o horseman_n and_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n two_o foot-soldier_n a_o piece_n and_o after_o this_o account_n there_o will_v be_v 260_o horseman_n and_o 1040_o foot-soldier_n a_o very_a complete_a garrison_n to_o defend_v a_o place_n not_o much_o above_o a_o english_a mile_n in_o circumference_n so_o it_o be_v store_v with_o ordnance_n arm_n ammunition_n victual_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n for_o such_o a_o siege_n i_o have_v in_o this_o superficie_fw-la as_o be_v the_o last_o of_o this_o method_n of_o fortification_n set_v out_o the_o broad_a street_n that_o go_v round_o
your_o bastion_n with_o orillon_n and_o more_o slope_n by_o five_o yard_n and_o a_o quarter_n then_o straight_o when_o you_o intend_v to_o set_v out_o or_o form_n bastion_n without_o orillon_n as_o concern_v their_o divide_n of_o the_o base_a orillon_n of_o the_o error_n of_o divide_v the_o base_a into_o eight_o part_n when_o they_o intend_v to_o set_v out_o bastion_n with_o orillon_n or_o side_n of_o any_o poligon_n when_o they_o intend_v to_o frame_v bastion_n with_o orillon_n into_o eight_o part_n and_o only_o into_o six_o part_n when_o the_o bastion_n be_v to_o be_v without_o orillon_n i_o say_v it_o be_v superfluous_a except_o they_o will_v imitate_v altogether_o the_o best_a italian_a method_n that_o be_v first_o to_o divide_v the_o base_a into_o ten_o equal_a part_n and_o to_o allow_v four_o part_n for_o the_o two_o flank_n and_o the_o other_o six_o part_n for_o the_o courtine_n which_o they_o divide_v again_o into_o eight_o part_n to_o take_v their_o line_n of_o defence_n from_o the_o seven_o first_o part_n of_o it_o but_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o follow_v the_o low-country_n method_n they_o be_v not_o to_o divide_v their_o base_a but_o only_o into_o six_o part_n because_o the_o form_n of_o the_o orillon_n do_v not_o take_v or_o shorten_v the_o courtine_n at_o all_o as_o it_o will_v be_v clear_o prove_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n by_o bastion_n with_o orillon_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 9_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v fortify_v by_o avantguard_n then_o by_o bastion_n because_o her_o angle_n be_v so_o acute_a that_o they_o produce_v these_o defect_n in_o some_o essential_a part_n of_o her_o fortification_n her_o flank_n be_v short_a the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n long_o and_o their_o breast_n narrow_a than_o they_o shall_v be_v and_o these_o defect_n can_v be_v avoid_v except_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n be_v defective_a that_o all_o enginier_n be_v to_o shun_v as_o the_o most_o essential_a part_n of_o all_o and_o therefore_o i_o have_v have_v special_a regard_n to_o make_v that_o perfect_a rather_o than_o to_o amend_v the_o other_o imperperfection_n the_o angle_n of_o her_o centre_n be_v of_o sixty_o degree_n her_o angle_n flank_v of_o forty_o five_o degree_n and_o her_o angle_n flank_v of_o 160_o degree_n her_o three_o side_n be_v of_o 250_o yard_n a_o piece_n her_o circumference_n of_o 750_o yard_n and_o her_o continent_n from_o out_o to_o out_o of_o 26230_o yard_n and_o therefore_o fit_a for_o a_o large_a redout_n then_o for_o a_o royal_a fort_n for_o when_o we_o have_v defalk_v the_o three_o part_n of_o her_o continent_n for_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o rampire_n the_o marketplace_n and_o the_o street_n there_o will_v remain_v but_o 17500_o square_a yard_n for_o the_o house_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o every_o one_o of_o which_o can_v be_v allow_v in_o this_o small_a continent_n above_o one_o hundred_o square_a yard_n that_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n of_o ten_o yard_n square_a on_o all_o side_n and_o according_a to_o this_o scantling_n there_o will_v be_v 175_o inhabitant_n that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o war_n to_o billet_v two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o foot_n and_o a_o troop_n of_o threescore_o horse_n that_o be_v for_o every_o three_o house_n a_o horseman_n and_o for_o all_o the_o other_o house_n two_o footman_n appece_n or_o otherwise_o 350_o foot_n and_o no_o horseman_n for_o the_o continent_n be_v too_o small_a for_o to_o billet_n horse_n but_o 350_o foot_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n command_v by_o a_o valiant_a commander_n in_o chief_a may_v defend_v the_o place_n three_o month_n against_o a_o army_n of_o four_o thousand_o man_n so_o it_o be_v provide_v with_o all_o necessary_n for_o a_o siege_n to_o set_v out_o the_o same_o in_o the_o field_n square_n how_o a_o equilateral_a triangle_n may_v be_v set_v out_o in_o the_o field_n without_o a_o demi-circle_n or_o any_o geometrical_a instrument_n but_o a_o square_n have_v a_o line_n of_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o yard_n have_v a_o loop_n fasten_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o and_o when_o you_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o the_o seat_n turn_v yourself_o to_o ward_n the_o south_n and_o strain_v your_o line_n from_o the_o southeast_n to_o the_o south-west_n and_o where_o the_o loop_n be_v and_o at_o the_o two_o end_n of_o the_o line_n knock_v in_o three_o stake_n then_o take_v a_o line_n of_o 210_o yard_n and_o fasten_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o middle_a stake_n and_o strain_v the_o same_o full_a north_n and_o with_o a_o great_a wooden_a square_n try_v by_o set_v one_o of_o the_o side_n of_o it_o to_o the_o first_o line_n and_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o square_n to_o the_o second_o line_n whether_o the_o last_o line_n be_v a_o perfect_a straight_o perpendicularie_a line_n and_o when_o it_o be_v so_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n be_v in_o the_o three_o part_n of_o her_o perpendicularie_a line_n and_o not_o in_o the_o midst_n as_o the_o centre_n of_o circularie_a superficies_n be_v and_o these_o three_o out_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o three_o angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n then_o take_v a_o six_o foot_n rule_n and_o measure_n from_o the_o south_n stake_v along_o the_o perpendicularie_a line_n seventie_o yard_n northwards_o and_o at_o seventie_o yard_n end_n knock_v in_o another_o stake_n and_o it_o will_v represent_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o triangle_n for_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n be_v in_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o perpendicularie_a line_n of_o it_o and_o not_o in_o the_o midst_n as_o it_o be_v in_o all_o square_a or_o circularie_a superficies_n then_o remove_v your_o line_n of_o 250_o yard_n from_o one_o anglestake_n to_o another_o and_o then_o if_o you_o find_v they_o all_o of_o a_o equal_a distance_n fasten_v small_a line_n about_o they_o and_o have_v the_o superficie_fw-la of_o the_o triangle_n trace_v by_o many_o pionier_n with_o pick-ax_n and_o spade_n but_o if_o any_o of_o the_o angle-stake_n be_v not_o equal_a you_o be_v to_o amend_v the_o error_n by_o the_o line_n you_o may_v also_o set_v out_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n by_o the_o demy-circle_n as_o i_o will_v give_v you_o direction_n in_o the_o next_o chapter_n save_v one_o when_o i_o shall_v come_v to_o set_v out_o the_o pentagon_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n observe_v this_o for_o a_o general_a rule_n that_o the_o bastion_n the_o note_v once_o for_o all_o that_o the_o gate_n or_o drawbridge_v of_o a_o fort_n be_v always_o to_o be_v south_n if_o the_o seat_n will_v permit_v and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o courtine_n to_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o flank_n of_o two_o bastion_n gate_n o●_n drawbride_n of_o a_o redout_n fort_n or_o citadel_n be_v always_o to_o be_v full_a south_n if_o the_o seat_n will_v permit_v but_o howsoever_o it_o must_v be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o courtine_n that_o it_o may_v be_v secure_v by_o the_o flank_n of_o two_o bastion_n the_o superficie_fw-la of_o the_o triangle_n be_v trace_v you_o be_v to_o divide_v the_o three_o side_n into_o six_o equal_a part_n and_o at_o every_o division_n to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n to_o the_o center-stake_n and_o to_o strain_v it_o diagonall-wise_a towards_o the_o southeast_n and_o south-west_n angle-stake_n and_o straight_o perpendiculary-wise_a towards_o the_o north_n stake_n make_v the_o line_n thus_o strain_v touch_v every_o one_o of_o these_o stake_n and_o you_o be_v to_o strain_v this_o line_n of_o 95_o yard_n 95_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o bastion_n to_o the_o point_n be_v in_o this_o triangle_n of_o 95_o yard_n yard_n beyond_o these_o three_o angle_n stake_n for_o it_o be_v the_o distance_n that_o be_v to_o be_v between_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o bastion_n of_o the_o triangle_n and_o the_o uttermost_a point_n of_o her_o bastion_n and_o at_o this_o distance_n knock_v in_o three_o stake_n and_o they_o will_v represent_v the_o three_o exterior_a angle_n of_o the_o three_o bastion_n then_o fasten_v a_o defence_n a_o this_o line_n be_v to_o be_v of_o 240_o yard_n long_o the_o just_a extent_n of_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n line_n to_o the_o three_o stake_n of_o every_o one_o of_o the_o side_n and_o strain_v it_o till_o it_o be_v fasten_v one_o after_o another_o to_o these_o three_o angle-stake_n and_o it_o will_v set_v out_o all_o the_o face_n of_o the_o three_o bastion_n and_o all_o the_o six_o line_n of_o defence_n then_o fasten_v a_o short_a triangle_n short_a this_o line_n be_v to_o be_v forty_o yard_n long_o the_o just_a extent_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o flank_n of_o this_o triangle_n line_n to_o all_o
knock_v in_o a_o stake_n at_o his_o foot_n and_o this_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o north_n east_n angle_n of_o the_o poligon_n then_o turn_v your_o face_n to_o the_o north-west_n and_o with_o the_o ray_n of_o your_o demy-circle_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o man_n with_o the_o line_n follow_v the_o same_o and_o when_o he_o be_v just_a against_o you_o and_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o demy-circle_n be_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n the_o man_n with_o the_o stake_n be_v to_o knock_v in_o another_o stake_n at_o his_o foot_n and_o this_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o north_n west_n angle_n of_o the_o pentagon_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n set_v out_o the_o southeast_n and_o south-west_n angle_n of_o the_o pentagon_n and_o have_v knock_v in_o stake_n these_o five_o utmost_a stake_n will_v represent_v the_o five_o angle_n of_o the_o pentagon_n and_o by_o these_o observation_n the_o gate_n and_o the_o drawbridge_n of_o this_o fort_n will_v be_v full_a south_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o south_n courtine_n to_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o flank_n of_o two_o bastion_n when_o this_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o take_v the_o line_n of_o 250._o yard_n have_v a_o loop_n in_o the_o midst_n which_o line_n you_o be_v to_o strain_v from_o stake_n to_o stake_v to_o prove_v whether_o your_o stake_n be_v at_o a_o equal_a distance_n drive_v at_o every_o middle_n of_o all_o the_o side_n a_o stake_n as_o you_o will_v be_v direct_v by_o the_o loop_n fasten_v to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o line_n now_o if_o any_o of_o your_o stake_n be_v amiss_o you_o may_v easy_o amend_v they_o by_o the_o demy-circle_n and_o the_o line_n and_o when_o they_o be_v right_a you_o be_v to_o fasten_v line_n from_o stake_n to_o stake_v as_o near_o the_o ground_n as_o may_v be_v and_o set_v many_o pionier_n to_o trace_v the_o superficie_fw-la of_o this_o pentagon_n before_o you_o set_v out_o the_o bastion_n and_o this_o be_v also_o the_o way_n how_o you_o ought_v to_o set_v out_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n 12._o triangle_n how_o to_o set_v out_o a_o equilateral_a triangle_n by_o the_o demi-circle_n speak_v of_o in_o chap._n 12._o by_o the_o demy-circle_n speak_v of_o in_o the_o 12._o chapter_n by_o drive_v a_o stake_n full_a north_n to_o represent_v the_o north_n angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n and_o by_o turn_v your_o face_n south_n after_o you_o have_v set_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o demy-circle_n upon_o 60._o degree_n as_o be_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n turn_v the_o ray_n of_o your_o demy-circle_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o then_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o drive_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n of_o 250._o yard_n two_o stake_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o gate_n and_o the_o drawbridge_n of_o the_o triangle_n fort_n will_v be_v full_a south_n and_o just_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o south_n courtine_n and_o defend_v by_o the_o flank_n of_o two_o bastion_n the_o superficie_fw-la of_o this_o pentagon_n be_v trace_v you_o be_v to_o divide_v the_o five_o side_n of_o it_o into_o six_o equal_a part_n drive_v in_o every_o division_n a_o stake_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v to_o the_o former_a line_n of_o 240._o yard_n another_o line_n of_o 83._o yard_n and_o a_o three_o that_o be_v the_o just_a distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o bastion_n to_o the_o utmost_a point_n of_o it_o and_o when_o you_o have_v do_v so_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v the_o same_o to_o the_o centre_n stake_n and_o to_o strain_v it_o diagonall-wise_a 83._o yard_n and_o one_o three_o part_n beyond_o the_o five_o angle-stake_n make_v the_o line_n as_o you_o strain_v it_o to_o touch_v the_o say_a stake_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n to_o drive_v in_o five_o stake_n that_o will_v represent_v the_o five_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o five_o bastion_n and_o for_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o rest_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o avoid_v repetition_n to_o the_o two_o last_o chapter_n where_o you_o have_v large_a direction_n to_o set_v out_o the_o flank_n and_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n with_o their_o orillon_n dikes_n and_o conterscarpe_n and_o will_v only_o acquaint_v you_o with_o the_o dimension_n of_o this_o pentagon_n since_o i_o do_v omit_v the_o same_o in_o the_o square_a yet_o i_o will_v give_v a_o hint_n of_o they_o in_o this_o place_n the_o flank_n of_o the_o square_n be_v but_o forty_o yard_n and_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o pentagon_n be_v forty_o one_o yard_n and_o two_o three_o part_n their_o courtine_n be_v alike_o of_o 166._o yard_n and_o two_o three_o part_n the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bastion_n in_o the_o square_n be_v 86._o yard_n and_o in_o this_o pentagon_n of_o 83._o yard_n the_o gorge_n of_o the_o square_a and_o of_o the_o pentagon_n alike_o of_o 83._o yard_n and_o one_o three_o part_n and_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n in_o the_o square_a 230._o yard_n and_o in_o the_o pentagon_n three_o yard_n less_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n in_o the_o square_a of_o 105._o yard_n and_o in_o this_o pentagon_n 100_o yard_n and_o the_o breast_n in_o the_o square_a of_o 95._o yard_n and_o in_o the_o pentagon_n 100_o yard_n chap._n xv._o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o oval_a by_o bastion_n without_o orillon_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 8._o the_o oval_n be_v as_o irregularie_a as_o the_o triangle_n and_o one_o of_o the_o most_o difficult_a superficies_n to_o set_v out_o in_o the_o field_n because_o of_o the_o circulary_a form_n and_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o angle_n four_o of_o they_o be_v of_o sixty_o five_o degree_n and_o two_o of_o thirty_o seven_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a the_o angle_n flank_v of_o 130._o degree_n and_o the_o angle_n flank_v of_o 72._o degree_n and_o a_o half_a her_o circumference_n be_v of_o 1500._o yard_n and_o her_o continent_n from_o out_o to_o out_o of_o 118800._o yard_n out_o of_o which_o the_o one_o three_o part_n be_v defalk_v for_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o rampire_n the_o marketplace_n and_o the_o street_n there_o remain_v for_o the_o house_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n 79200._o square_a yard_n that_o be_v to_o be_v divide_v by_o 150._o square_a yard_n for_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n of_o 12._o yard_n and_o half_a square_n of_o all_o side_n that_o be_v allow_v to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o be_v find_v to_o be_v by_o this_o calculation_n 528._o that_o be_v to_o billit_fw-la 176._o horseman_n and_o 704._o foot-soldier_n a_o sufficient_a garrison_n to_o oppose_v a_o army_n of_o eight_o thousand_o man_n for_o three_o month_n so_o it_o be_v provide_v with_o cannon_n ammunition_n arm_n victual_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n for_o a_o siege_n it_o be_v also_o a_o convenient_a superficie_fw-la to_o fortify_v a_o well-compacted_n market-town_n that_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o this_o form_n of_o three_o four_o part_n of_o a_o mile_n circumference_n now_o to_o set_v out_o the_o superficie_fw-la in_o the_o field_n right_o note_v once_o for_o all_o that_o you_o be_v to_o have_v a_o sea-compasse_n when_o you_o go_v about_o to_o set_v out_o any_o kind_n of_o superficies_n in_o the_o field_n to_o place_v your_o angle_n south_n north_n east_n and_o west_n right_o you_o be_v to_o make_v choice_n of_o your_o centre_n and_o to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 80_o yard_n to_o that_o stake_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o full_a east_n upon_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n than_o you_o be_v to_o wind_v the_o line_n about_o and_o to_o strain_v it_o full_a west_n and_o to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o these_o two_o last_o stake_n divide_v the_o length_n of_o the_o oval_a into_o three_o equal_a part_n of_o 160._o yard_n a_o piece_n and_o represent_v the_o two_o centre_n of_o the_o two_o circle_n out_o of_o which_o the_o oval_n be_v form_v than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n to_o the_o centre_n stake_n of_o 220._o yard_n that_o be_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o demy-diagonall_a line_n of_o the_o southeast_n and_o north-east_n angle_n and_o of_o the_o south-west_n and_o north-west_n angle_n that_o be_v of_o 57_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a upon_o theray_v of_o which_o angle_n you_o be_v to_o set_v the_o sight_n of_o your_o demy-circle_n and_o stand_v at_o the_o centre_n stake_n to_o turn_v your_o face_n full_a east_n wind_v the_o ray_n of_o the_o circle_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o man_n with_o the_o foresaid_a line_n strain_v the_o same_o till_o he_o come_v just_a against_o you_o and_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o circle_n then_o be_v the_o man_n that_o carry_v the_o stake_n to_o drive_v a_o stake_n at_o his_o foot_n than_o you_o be_v to_o wind_v the_o ray_n of_o your_o
allow_v they_o to_o be_v of_o 150._o square_a yard_n that_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n of_o twelve_o yard_n and_o half_a square_n of_o all_o side_n by_o which_o scantling_n the_o 41666._o yard_n be_v divide_v there_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v in_o this_o continent_n 277._o dwell_a house_n and_o as_o many_o inhabitant_n that_o may_v billet_n four_o hundred_o foot_n and_o two_o troop_n of_o horse_n and_o this_o number_n be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v this_o fort_n against_o a_o army_n of_o five_o thousand_o man_n three_o month_n so_o it_o be_v provide_v with_o sixteen_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n ball_n ammunition_n arm_n victual_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n fit_a for_o a_o siege_n object_n some_o will_v wonder_v why_o so_o small_a a_o fort_n shall_v have_v sixteen_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n when_o many_o of_o our_o garrison_n that_o be_v of_o two_o or_o three_o mile_n circumference_n have_v not_o so_o many_o ans_fw-fr i_o answer_v the_o more_o be_v the_o pity_n they_o be_v no_o better_o provide_v but_o if_o this_o method_n of_o fortification_n be_v not_o better_o store_v to_o what_o end_n shall_v foreigner_n be_v at_o the_o charge_n to_o erect_v upper_a and_o low_a flank_n and_o because_o i_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o speak_v of_o these_o upper_a and_o sour_a flank_n i_o will_v upon_o this_o occasion_n describe_v how_o they_o be_v make_v and_o for_o what_o use_v they_o be_v erect_v in_o the_o ancient_a fortification_n by_o bastion_n bastion_n of_o the_o upper_a and_o lower_n flank_n of_o a_o bastion_n there_o be_v former_o low_a casamates_z to_o scour_v the_o dike_n even_o with_o the_o water_n for_o they_o be_v build_v so_o low_a that_o a_o cannon_n be_v mount_v in_o they_o and_o point_v shoot_v upon_o a_o level_n line_n even_o with_o the_o water_n of_o the_o dike_a and_o these_o casamates_z be_v all_o vault_a with_o arch_n of_o freestone_n have_v two_o port-hole_a and_o two_o demy-cannon_n in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o their_o vault_n be_v some_o sixteen_o foot_n square_a and_o they_o have_v a_o slant_v descent_n from_o the_o gorge_n of_o the_o bastion_n with_o a_o door_n to_o come_v down_o to_o they_o but_o because_o they_o have_v no_o other_o light_n then_o the_o porthole_n nor_o no_o other_o evacuation_n for_o the_o smoke_n than_o the_o door_n when_o the_o cannoneer_n fire_v their_o piece_n they_o be_v so_o encumber_v with_o the_o smoke_n in_o the_o vault_n that_o they_o can_v not_o sudden_o charge_v their_o piece_n again_o but_o be_v enforce_v to_o s●ay_v till_o the_o evacuation_n of_o the_o smoke_n be_v pass_v whereupon_o the_o modern_a enginier_n to_o prevent_v these_o defect_n have_v invent_v the_o upper_a and_o low_a slank_n where_o they_o always_o place_v two_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o so_o that_o according_a to_o the_o foreign_a method_n every_o bastion_n be_v to_o have_v ten_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n at_o the_o least_o two_o demy-cannon_n in_o every_o flank_n and_o two_o long_a culverin_n to_o defend_v the_o face_n and_o the_o point_n that_o be_v in_o all_o ten_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n these_o flank_n be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o wall_n of_o the_o flank_n be_v bring_v up_o from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o dike_a with_o freestone_n of_o two_o yard_n thick_a to_o the_o level_n of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o dike_a and_o within_o and_o without_o lay_v with_o tarris_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o dike_a may_v not_o pierce_v the_o same_o and_o upon_o this_o wall_n and_o the_o firm_a ground_n after_o another_o foundation_n of_o stone_n have_v be_v lay_v twenty_o four_o foot_n from_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o first_o wall_n some_o five_o foot_n deep_a a_o brest-work_n be_v bring_v up_o of_o earth_n and_o turf_n of_o twenty_o four_o foot_n thick_a in_o the_o bottom_n and_o of_o twenty_o foot_n broad_a at_o top_n and_o six_o foot_n high_a have_v three_o porthole_n and_o beyond_o this_o brest-worke_n the_o ground_n be_v dig_v lower_v the_o whole_a length_n of_o the_o flank_n that_o be_v ordinary_o from_o thirteen_o yard_n to_o sixteen_o yard_n in_o length_n and_o in_o breadth_n eight_o yard_n and_o in_o depth_n five_o foot_n and_o this_o be_v lay_v with_o tracin_n and_o plank_v be_v the_o platform_n of_o the_o low_a flank_n open_v over-h●●d_a in_o which_o they_o place_v two_o demy-cannon_n and_o these_o scou●●●●d_a free_a the_o dike_v from_o the_o assay_n lant_o gallery_n and_o from_o the_o scale_n of_o the_o rampire_n now_o to_o erect_v the_o upper_a flank_n they_o go_v eight_o and_o forty_o foot_n wide_o into_o the_o g●rge_n of_o the_o bastion_n and_o upon_o the_o in_o ward_n foundation_n of_o the_o low_a flank_n wall_n and_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o bastion_n they_o erect_v another_o brest-work_n of_o the_o same_o height_n breadth_n and_o thickness_n of_o the_o former_a with_o three_o porthole_n in_o it_o and_o then_o they_o plank_n another_o platform_n and_o place_n two_o demy-cannon_n more_o upon_o the_o same_o and_o these_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o upper_a and_o low_a flank_n that_o have_v a_o slope_n come_v down_o from_o the_o upper_a to_o the_o low_a some_o ten_o foot_n broad_a which_o be_v cover_v by_o the_o orillon_n make_v the_o bastion_n very_o strong_a and_o when_o these_o double_a flank_n be_v take_v out_o on_o both_o side_n the_o gorge_n be_v not_o above_o fifty_o yard_n broad_a that_o be_v narrow_a enough_o for_o the_o last_o reintrenchment_n now_o these_o flank_n be_v all_o open_a over_o head_n the_o smoke_n of_o the_o ordnance_n be_v sudden_o evacuate_v the_o use_n of_o the_o upper_a flank_n be_v to_o scour_v the_o face_n and_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bastion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o storm_n and_o to_o beat_v all_o along_o the_o courtine_n and_o so_o much_o will_v suffice_v once_o for_o all_o concern_v the_o erection_n and_o use_n of_o these_o low_a and_o upper_a flank_n now_o i_o come_v to_o show_v how_o you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o this_o square_n in_o the_o field_n if_o man_n can_v as_o soon_o and_o as_o easy_o set_v out_o a_o superficie_fw-la in_o the_o field_n as_o they_o may_v upon_o paper_n it_o be_v soon_o do_v but_o this_o last_o require_v a_o great_a labour_n and_o care_n you_o be_v then_o in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o your_o centre_n and_o there_o to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n than_o you_o be_v to_o stand_v close_o to_o that_o stake_n and_o turn_v your_o face_n full_a south_n and_o then_o take_v your_o demi-circle_n and_o set_v the_o sight_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o ray_n of_o 90_o degree_n that_o be_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o square_a than_o you_o be_v to_o have_v two_o man_n by_o you_o one_o with_o line_n and_o the_o other_o with_o stake_n and_o he_o with_o line_n be_v to_o have_v a_o line_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o square_n and_o you_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o this_o line_n of_o 180_o yard_n be_v the_o just_a demi-diagonall_a line_n and_o distance_n that_o be_v between_v the_o cent_z r-stake_n and_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o square_n fourscore_o yard_n the_o one_o end_n of_o which_o line_n he_o be_v to_o fasten_v to_o the_o center-stake_n and_o when_o you_o have_v take_v your_o demi-circle_n and_o set_v the_o sight_n of_o it_o as_o aforesaid_a you_o be_v to_o take_v with_o it_o have_v your_o face_n turn_v to_o the_o south_n the_o right_a hand_n ray_n of_o the_o angle_n of_o 90_o degree_n and_o when_o you_o have_v it_o let_v the_o man_n strain_v the_o line_n fasten_v to_o the_o center-stake_n along_o the_o say_a ray_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n and_o when_o he_o be_v just_a against_o you_o and_o the_o ray_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n let_v the_o other_o man_n knock_v in_o a_o stake_n at_o his_o foot_n then_o turn_v yourself_o and_o set_v your_o demi-circle_n to_o take_v the_o left_a hand_n ray_n of_o the_o angle_n of_o 90_o degree_n and_o when_o you_o have_v it_o let_v the_o man_n with_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n come_v to_o it_o and_o when_o he_o be_v just_a against_o you_o and_o the_o ray_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n let_v the_o other_o man_n with_o stake_n knock_v in_o a_o stake_n at_o his_o foot_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n and_o these_o two_o stake_n represent_v the_o southeast_n and_o the_o south-west_n angle_n of_o your_o square_n then_o turn_v yourself_o fall_v north_n stand_v close_o to_o the_o center-stake_n and_o set_v out_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o north-east_n and_o north-west_n angle_n of_o your_o square_n and_o let_v the_o man_n with_o stake_n knock_v in_o two_o stake_n as_o he_o do_v in_o the_o south_n side_n and_o these_o four_o utmost_a stake_n will_v represent_v the_o four_o angle_n of_o the_o square_n now_o to_o avoid_v error_n you_o be_v to_o fasten_v the_o
line_n of_o 250_o yard_n with_o a_o loop_n fasten_v in_o the_o midst_n on_o the_o southeast_n stake_n and_o to_o strain_v it_o to_o the_o south-west_n stake_n if_o the_o stake_n be_v at_o the_o just_a distance_n of_o the_o line_n that_o side_n be_v right_o set_v out_o than_o you_o may_v knock_v in_o a_o stake_n where_o the_o loop_n be_v to_o represent_v the_o middle_n of_o that_o side_n where_o the_o gate_n and_o the_o drawbridge_n of_o the_o fort_n be_v to_o be_v place_v and_o so_o prove_v all_o the_o other_o three_o side_n with_o your_o line_n of_o 250_o yard_n knock_v stake_n in_o the_o midst_n on_o every_o side_n for_o they_o will_v stand_v you_o in_o stead_n when_o you_o come_v to_o divide_v the_o side_n into_o six_o part_n now_o if_o any_o of_o these_o side_n be_v amiss_o and_o agree_v not_o with_o your_o line_n than_o you_o be_v to_o amend_v they_o by_o your_o demi-circle_n and_o your_o line_n which_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v do_v and_o when_o the_o four_o angle_n and_o side_n be_v right_a you_o be_v to_o fasten_v line_n to_o the_o eight_o stake_n as_o near_o the_o ground_n as_o may_v be_v and_o to_o set_v pionier_n to_o trace_v the_o superficie_fw-la of_o the_o square_n with_o spade_n and_o pick-ax_n before_o you_o set_v out_o the_o bastion_n that_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o divide_v the_o four_o side_n of_o the_o square_n into_o six_o equal_a part_n and_o to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n at_o evene_v division_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 90_o yard_n to_o the_o former_a demi-diagonall_a line_n of_o 180_o yard_n that_o will_v then_o be_v of_o 270_o yard_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o square_n same_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o bastion_n to_o the_o point_n be_v of_o 90_o yard_n in_o this_o square_n 90_o yard_n beyond_o the_o four_o angle-stake_n of_o the_o square_n after_o it_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o center-stake_n make_v the_o say_a line_n to_o touch_v the_o anglestake_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o say_a line_n knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o these_o four_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o four_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o four_o bastion_n and_o the_o four_o former_a angle-stake_n will_v then_o represent_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o bastion_n this_o be_v do_v fasten_v a_o line_n one_o after_o another_o to_o the_o three_o stake_n of_o every_o side_n of_o square_n of_o this_o line_n of_o 230_o yard_n be_v the_o just_a extent_n of_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n of_o this_o square_n 230_o yard_n and_o strain_v the_o same_o to_o the_o four_o stake_n that_o represent_v the_o four_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o four_o bastion_n and_o this_o line_n will_v set_v out_o the_o eight_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n and_o all_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n one_o after_o another_o of_o 41_o yard_n and_o two_o three_o to_o every_o second_o stake_n of_o the_o four_o side_n part_n side_n the_o line_n of_o the_o flank_n in_o this_o square_n be_v of_o 41_o yard_n and_o two_o three_o part_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o upon_o a_o strait_a perpendicularie_n line_n till_o it_o come_v to_o cut_v the_o former_a line_n that_o represent_v the_o line_n of_o defence_n and_o set_v out_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n and_o where_o it_o cut_v the_o other_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o these_o eight_o stake_n will_v represent_v and_o set_v out_o the_o eight_o flank_n and_o the_o four_o courtine_n and_o that_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o set_v pionier_n at_o work_n to_o trace_v all_o these_o thing_n before_o you_o go_v about_o to_o set_v out_o the_o orillon_n now_o to_o avoid_v mistake_n you_o be_v better_a to_o set_v out_o one_o side_n at_o a_o time_n &_o to_o have_v it_o trace_v as_o you_o set_v it_o out_o for_o it_o will_v save_v charge_n because_o it_o will_v not_o require_v so_o many_o line_n this_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o the_o orillon_n and_o after_o the_o orillon_n the_o dike_a and_o when_o all_o be_v finish_v you_o be_v to_o erect_v the_o brest-work_n of_o the_o counterscarp_n with_o the_o earth_n take_v from_o the_o small_a dike_a call_v la_n cunette_n adorn_v the_o same_o on_o the_o inside_n with_o turf_n and_o a_o foot-step_n as_o i_o have_v former_o give_v large_a direction_n in_o chap._n 12._o and_o plate_n 9_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o pentagon_n by_o bastion_n with_o orillon_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 11._o the_o pentagon_n be_v also_o irregularie_a yet_o less_o than_o the_o square_a for_o the_o angle_n of_o his_o centre_n be_v of_o 75_o degree_n and_o the_o angle_n flank_v of_o the_o same_o extent_n and_o his_o angle_n flank_v of_o 142_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a his_o base_n or_o side_n be_v of_o 250_o yard_n a_o piece_n his_o circumference_n of_o 1250_o yard_n and_o his_o whole_a continent_n from_o out_o to_o out_o of_o 125000_o square_a yard_n it_o be_v of_o a_o convenient_a form_n for_o a_o citadel_n or_o of_o a_o well-compact_a town_n who_o circumference_n do_v not_o exceed_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o english_a mile_n now_o to_o direct_v the_o reader_n once_o for_o all_o angles_n all_o how_o you_o may_v know_v the_o continent_n of_o any_o poligon_n with_o variety_n of_o angles_n how_o he_o may_v speedy_o calculate_v the_o continent_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o angle_n poligon_n i_o have_v in_o this_o figure_n set_v out_o a_o demonstration_n of_o it_o viz._n you_o be_v first_o to_o draw_v a_o strait_a perpendicularie_n from_o a_o to_o b_o than_o a_o strait_a parallel_n line_n from_o c_o to_o d_o and_o then_o to_o join_v d_o and_o a_o by_o a_o strait_a line_n as_o it_o be_v demonstrate_v in_o this_o figure_n and_o it_o will_v produce_v a_o demi_a long_a square_n his_o broad_a side_n contain_v according_a to_o the_o scale_n of_o this_o figure_n 200_o yard_n and_o his_o end-side_n 125_o yard_n which_o be_v multiply_v one_o by_o the_o other_o it_o will_v produce_v 25000_o yard_n as_o the_o just_a continent_n of_o one_o of_o the_o triangle_n of_o this_o pentagon_n which_o be_v multiply_v by_o five_o because_o it_o contain_v five_o triangle_n the_o whole_a continent_n will_v amount_v to_o 125000_o square_a yard_n now_o the_o one_o three_o part_n of_o it_o be_v defalk_v for_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o rampire_n the_o marketplace_n and_o the_o street_n there_o will_v remain_v for_o the_o inhabitant_n house_n 83333_o yard_n and_o a_o three_o part_n which_o be_v divide_v by_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o square_a yard_n that_o we_o allow_v for_o every_o inhabitant_n dwell_v house_n that_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o twelve_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a square_n of_o all_o side_n it_o will_v according_a to_o this_o scantling_n contain_v 555_o house_n and_o as_o many_o inhabitant_n that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o war_n to_o billet_n in_o every_o three_o house_n a_o horseman_n and_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n two_o foot-soldier_n apiece_o so_o that_o it_o will_v contain_v 185_o horseman_n 740_o footman_n and_o 555_o inhabitant_n a_o sufficient_a garrison_n to_o defend_v this_o place_n against_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o man_n for_o three_o month_n so_o it_o be_v provide_v with_o ordnance_n arm_n ammunition_n victual_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n for_o a_o siege_n now_o to_o set_v out_o this_o fort_n in_o the_o field_n you_o be_v to_o bring_v along_o with_o you_o two_o man_n one_o with_o line_n and_o the_o other_o with_o stake_n and_o when_o you_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o your_o centre_n the_o man_n be_v to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o you_o be_v to_o stand_v close_o to_o this_o center-stake_n and_o have_v set_v the_o sight_n of_o your_o demy-circle_n upon_o the_o ray_n of_o 75._o degree_n that_o be_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o pentagon_n pentagon_n pentagon_n note_v that_o this_o line_n of_o 240_o yard_n be_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o demi_a diagonall_a line_n of_o the_o pentagon_n the_o man_n that_o carry_v the_o line_n be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 240._o yard_n to_o the_o center-stake_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o full_a north_n upon_o a_o strait_a perpendiculary_a line_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o it_o he_o be_v to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o this_o stake_n represent_v the_o north_n angle_n of_o the_o pentagon_n that_o do_v take_v your_o demy-circle_n and_o wind_n the_o right_a hand_n ray_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o man_n hold_v in_o his_o hand_n the_o line_n of_o 240._o yard_n strain_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o demy-circle_n and_o when_o he_o be_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n and_o just_a against_o you_o agree_v with_o the_o ray_n of_o your_o demy-circle_n let_v the_o man_n with_o the_o stake_n
about_o the_o rampire_n and_o from_o the_o rampire_n to_o the_o marketplace_n that_o be_v to_o be_v ten_o yard_n broad_a and_o the_o marketplace_n of_o a_o hundred_o yard_n in_o her_o diametrical_a line_n and_o of_o the_o same_o form_n of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o sexagon_n for_o you_o be_v to_o observe_v in_o all_o new_a erect_a fort_n work_n fort_n the_o market_n place_n of_o a_o new_a erect_a fort_n citadel_n or_o garrison_n be_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o form_n of_o the_o out-superficie_a of_o the_o work_n citadel_n or_o garrison_n to_o reduce_v the_o marketplace_n after_o the_o form_n of_o the_o outside_n work_v to_o be_v the_o more_o complete_a viz._n if_o it_o be_v a_o equilateral_a triangle_n or_o a_o square_n or_o a_o pentagon_n the_o marketplace_n be_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o form_n of_o a_o triangle_n or_o a_o square_n or_o a_o pentagon_n moreover_o you_o be_v careful_o to_o observe_v to_o line_v out_o in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o broad_a street_n of_o thirty_o foot_n broad_a round_a about_o the_o rampire_n and_o from_o the_o rampire_n to_o the_o marketplace_n and_o these_o broad_a street_n that_o run_v from_o the_o rampire_n to_o the_o marketplace_n be_v always_o in_o this_o method_n of_o fortification_n to_o be_v upon_o a_o strait_a diagonall_a or_o diametrical_a line_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o bastion_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o marketplace_n as_o these_o be_v draw_v in_o this_o figure_n for_o these_o reason_n 1_o the_o street_n round_o about_o the_o rampier_n serve_v for_o all_o manner_n of_o carriage_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o work_n and_o for_o the_o horseman_n to_o ride_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o any_o of_o the_o rampier_n in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o siege_n or_o storm_n 2_o the_o great_a street_n that_o run_v from_o the_o erect_v the_o for_o what_o use_v broad_a street_n line_v round_o about_o the_o rampter_n and_o the_o marketplace_n be_v erect_v marketplace_n to_o the_o bostion_n serve_v for_o a_o troop_n of_o horse_n of_o five_o of_o a_o breast_n or_o for_o a_o company_n of_o foot_n with_o five_o or_o six_o man_n on_o a_o breast_n to_o come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o any_o of_o the_o bastion_n that_o be_v storm_v 3_o the_o marketplace_n be_v always_o to_o serve_v as_o the_o randezvouz_n for_o soldier_n to_o gather_v themselves_o together_o to_o be_v send_v by_o the_o governor_n where_o occasion_n require_v i_o have_v also_o set_v out_o the_o order_n that_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o erect_n of_o the_o house_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o be_v to_o be_v line_v out_o with_o strait_a double_a range_n that_o garden_n or_o backside_n may_v join_v one_o against_o another_o that_o house_n may_v have_v the_o more_o air_n and_o light_n and_o that_o all_o their_o door_n may_v open_v to_o the_o street_n that_o be_v to_o be_v fifteen_o foot_n broad_a for_o narrow_a lane_n be_v dangerous_a in_o garrison_n to_n the_o storehouse_n or_o magazine_n of_o powder_n bullet_n firework_n engine_n ladder_n pionier_n tool_n and_o provision_n of_o victual_n as_o corn_n meal_n oatmeal_n oat_n malt_n hay_o salt_n powder_n beef_n bacon_n dry_v fish_n butter_n cheese_n rice_n white_a pease_n and_o all_o such_o necessary_n be_v to_o be_v in_o those_o house_n seat_v round_o about_o the_o marketplace_n as_o the_o most_o safe_a seat_n of_o the_o town_n all_o these_o observation_n be_v careful_o to_o be_v regard_v if_o in_o case_n the_o state_n shall_v erect_v any_o new_a fort_n citadel_n or_o garrison_n town_n where_o there_o never_o be_v any_o habitation_n before_o for_o such_o a_o new_a erect_a hold_n will_v ten_o time_n be_v more_o serviceable_a than_o any_o old_a erect_a town_n in_o this_o kingdom_n provide_v all_o the_o dimension_n of_o this_o method_n be_v observe_v that_o shall_v clear_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o ichnography_n of_o this_o chapter_n because_o they_o be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o deform_a shape_n and_o of_o a_o vast_a extent_n and_o not_o compact_v together_o nor_o their_o street_n well_o line_v nor_o range_v in_o order_n nor_o their_o house_n well_o contrive_v some_o of_o they_o be_v very_o high_a and_o some_o very_a low_a but_o these_o of_o this_o new_a town_n new_a of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o new-erected_n house_n in_o a_o new_a fort_n citadel_n or_o garrison_n town_n erection_n be_v to_o be_v all_o alike_o and_o not_o above_o two_o story_n high_a that_o may_v not_o exceed_v with_o with_o their_o roof_n thirty_o foot_n high_a at_o the_o most_o that_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o top_n of_o their_o house_n may_v be_v low_a than_o the_o top_n of_o the_o rampire_n brest-work_n by_o nine_o foot_n now_o to_o set_v out_o this_o sexagon_n in_o the_o field_n you_o be_v to_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o centre_n and_o to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o to_o fasten_v to_o that_o stake_n a_o line_n of_o three_o hundred_o yard_n and_o a_o foot_n over_o which_o line_n the_o two_o man_n that_o be_v always_o to_o be_v with_o you_o to_o carry_v your_o instrument_n line_n and_o stake_n be_v to_o strain_v full_a east_n after_o you_o have_v take_v with_o a_o good_a sea-compasse_n good_a a_o engineer_n be_v never_o to_o be_v without_o a_o demi-circle_n and_o a_o good_a sea-compasse_n sea-compasse_n the_o east_n and_o west_n point_v but_o if_o by_o the_o long_a extent_n of_o the_o line_n the_o line_n swag_n and_o can_v be_v draw_v straight_o they_o be_v to_o strain_v it_o but_o one_o hundred_o yard_n very_o straight_o and_o stiff_a and_o to_o drive_v in_o the_o ground_n very_o deep_a a_o strong_a stake_n and_o to_o wind_v the_o line_n about_o it_o then_o to_o strain_v the_o line_n again_o another_o hundred_o yard_n and_o to_o drive_v in_o another_o stake_n as_o before_o and_o to_o break_v to_o observe_v to_o wind_v the_o line_n always_o of_o one_o and_o the_o very_a same_o side_n of_o the_o state_n to_o avoid_v break_v observe_v to_o wind_v the_o line_n always_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o side_n and_o to_o make_v it_o come_v to_o be_v strain_v again_o on_o that_o very_a side_n you_o do_v first_o wind_n it_o upon_o the_o first_o stake_n to_o avoid_v all_o break_v than_o you_o be_v to_o strain_v the_o line_n again_o for_o the_o three_o time_n and_o to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o this_o last_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o east_n angle_n of_o the_o sexagon_n then_o your_o man_n be_v to_o untwist_v the_o line_n from_o the_o stake_n and_o to_o wind_v it_o about_o to_o the_o west_n point_n and_o to_o strain_v it_o and_o to_o drive_v in_o three_o stake_n as_o they_o do_v before_o and_o the_o last_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o west_n angle_n of_o the_o sexagon_n then_o you_o be_v to_o stake_v your_o demi-circle_n and_o to_o set_v the_o sight_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o ray_n of_o 60._o degree_n and_o to_o stand_v at_o the_o center-stake_n and_o to_o turn_v your_o face_n and_o demi-circle_n to_o the_o east_n stake_n wind_v the_o ray_n of_o the_o demi-circle_n east_n and_o by_o south_n then_o be_v your_o man_n to_o follow_v that_o ray_n with_o the_o line_n drive_v at_o every_o hundred_o yard_n a_o stake_n and_o when_o they_o be_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n just_a against_o you_o and_o the_o ray_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n of_o 60._o degree_n let_v they_o drive_v in_o a_o three_o stake_n and_o it_o will_v represent_v the_o east_n and_o by_o south_n angle_n of_o the_o sexagon_n then_o turn_v yourself_o and_o your_o demi-circle_n east_n and_o by_o north_n and_o set_v out_o after_o this_o very_a manner_n the_o east_n and_o by_o north_n angle_n and_o when_o that_o be_v do_v turn_v your_o self_n full_a west_n and_o set_v out_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o west_n and_o by_o north_n and_o west_n and_o by_o south_n angle_n and_o when_o all_o the_o six_o angle_n stake_n be_v drive_v in_o superficie_fw-la note_v that_o a_o good_a line_n of_o three_o double_a whipcord_n wound_n together_o of_o 300_o yard_n and_o a_o foot_n have_v loop_n fasten_v at_o every_o fifty_o yard_n and_o another_o colour_a loop_n at_o every_o hundred_o yard_n will_v suffice_v to_o set_v out_o all_o this_o great_a superficie_fw-la than_o you_o be_v to_o remove_v your_o line_n from_o the_o centre_n stake_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o from_o anglestake_n to_o anglestake_n to_o try_v whether_o your_o angle-stake_n and_o side_n be_v equal_a and_o to_o amend_v they_o if_o any_o be_v amiss_o by_o the_o demy-circle_n and_o your_o line_n and_o when_o they_o be_v all_o equal_a than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v this_o three_o hundred_o yard_n line_n one_o after_o another_o from_o anglestake_n to_o anglestake_n as_o near_o the_o ground_n as_o may_v be_v and_o to_o set_v pionier_n to_o trace_v that_o fide_fw-la before_o you_o remove_v the_o line_n and_o
the_o avantguard_n be_v take_v from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o courtine_n whereby_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n come_v to_o be_v from_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o to_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o yard_n but_o the_o long_a angle_n flank_n can_v sufficient_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o musket-shot_a alone_o without_o four_o drake_n and_o four_o sacre_n one_o sacre_n and_o one_o drake_n mount_v upon_o every_o one_o of_o the_o long_a flank_n and_o with_o they_o this_o fortification_n will_v be_v of_o great_a defence_n the_o short_a flank_n be_v of_o 60_o yard_n a_o piece_n and_o the_o face_n of_o the_o avantguard_n of_o 120_o yard_n a_o piece_n uniform_a with_o the_o long_a flank_n to_o set_v out_o this_o superficie_fw-la in_o the_o field_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v a_o stake_n in_o your_o centre_n and_o to_o stand_v close_o to_o it_o and_o to_o set_v yourself_o east_n after_o you_o have_v set_v the_o light_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n upon_o the_o ray_n of_o 45._o degree_n to_o set_v out_o the_o east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o the_o east_n and_o by_o north_n angle_n as_o you_o have_v be_v direct_v for_o mer_o and_o then_o to_o turn_v yourself_o west_n and_o to_o set_v out_o the_o west_n and_o by_o south_n and_o the_o west_n and_o by_o north_n angle_n and_o these_o b●ing_n right_o set_v out_o and_o stake_v knock_v in_o they_o your_o two_o broad_a sin_n north_n and_o south_n can_v be_v amiss_o but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o erect_a town_n take_v the_o just_a length_n on_o the_o broad_a and_o end-side_n of_o it_o with_o a_o line_n of_o 100_o yard_n and_o set_v out_o your_o angle_n with_o the_o demi-circle_n according_o and_o divide_v your_o end-side_n into_o five_o and_o your_o broad_a side_n into_o ten_o equal_a part_n and_o then_o set_v out_o your_o avant_n guard_n thereafter_o chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n fortify_v by_o avant_n guard_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 15._o all_o the_o side_n of_o this_o equilateral_a triangle_n be_v equal_a and_o contain_v 520_o yard_n apiece_o so_o that_o her_o circumference_n be_v of_o 1560_o yard_n that_o be_v a_o english_a mile_n want_v 64_o foot_n the_o angle_n other_o centre_n be_v of_o 60_o degree_n i_o omit_v her_o continent_n because_o of_o her_o large_a extent_n that_o be_v fit_a to_o fortify_v a_o well_o compact_a town_n that_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o this_o form_n then_o for_o a_o new_a fort._n her_o side_n be_v divide_v into_o eight_o equal_a part_n two_o of_o which_o be_v allow_v for_o the_o two_o breast_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n that_o contain_v 65_o yard_n apiece_o and_o the_o other_o six_o pare_v be_v divide_v equal_o for_o the_o three_o courtine_n that_o contain_v 130_o yard_n apiece_o her_o long_a flank_n be_v 100_o yard_n apiece_o and_o her_o short_a flank_n of_o 50_o yard_n apiece_o and_o the_o face_n of_o her_o avant_n guard_n be_v uniform_a to_o her_o long_a flank_n whereby_o they_o be_v also_o of_o 100_o yard_n apiece_o and_o by_o these_o dimension_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o this_o superficie_fw-la be_v a_o compact_n and_o complete_a fortification_n because_o all_o her_o face_n flank_n courtine_n and_o angle_n can_v be_v easy_o defend_v by_o the_o musket_n shoot_v her_o line_n of_o defence_n be_v take_v from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o courtine_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n of_o 160_o yard_n yet_o let_v i_o inform_v the_o reader_n that_o if_o he_o have_v occasion_n to_o fortify_v a_o town_n that_o may_v be_v reduce_v into_o this_o triangle_n for_o i_o although_o her_o side_n be_v from_o 520_o yard_n apiece_o to_o 750_o yard_n apiece_o that_o he_o may_v bold_o fortify_v the_o same_o after_o this_o manner_n so_o he_o divide_v his_o three_o side_n into_o 8_o equal_a part_n and_o do_v proportion_n his_o flank_n face_n breast_n courtine_n and_o line_n of_o defence_n after_o this_o extent_n for_o notwithstanding_o this_o addition_n of_o 230_o yard_n to_o every_o side_n of_o the_o triangle_n all_o the_o dimension_n of_o his_o fortification_n will_v be_v defensible_a by_o the_o musket_n shot_n now_o to_o set_v out_o this_o superficie_fw-la in_o the_o field_n you_o be_v to_o make_v choice_n of_o your_o centre_n and_o to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o after_o to_o set_v the_o sight_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n upon_o 60_o degree_n and_o to_o follow_v the_o same_o direction_n give_v you_o in_o plate_n 9_o for_o the_o set_n out_o of_o a_o triangle_n fortify_v by_o bastion_n and_o because_o these_o side_n be_v as_o long_o again_o as_o they_o be_v i_o refer_v you_o to_o the_o direction_n give_v you_o in_o chap._n 19_o for_o the_o strain_n of_o a_o long_a line_n by_o knock_v in_o at_o every_o hundred_o yard_n of_o it_o a_o stake_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o erect_a town_n that_o you_o be_v to_o fortify_v after_o this_o manner_n go_v up_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o town_n where_o you_o intend_v the_o north_n angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n shall_v be_v and_o turn_v your_o face_n south_n and_o with_o your_o demi-circle_n when_o the_o sight_n of_o it_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o ray_n of_o 60_o degree_n set_v out_o the_o southeast_n angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n cau●ing_v the_o man_n with_o line_n to_o strain_v a_o line_n from_o the_o north_n anglestake_v where_o you_o stand_v to_o follow_v the_o ray_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n the_o man_n with_o stak_v we_o knock_v at_o every_o hundred_o yard_n a_o stake_n and_o by_o this_o plurality_n of_o stake_n you_o may_v lengthen_v your_o line_n as_o you_o please_v twist_v the_o same_o always_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o stake_n till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o just_a distance_n of_o your_o side_n of_o the_o triangle_n whether_o it_o be_v five_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o yard_n or_o 720_o yard_n and_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o distance_n knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o that_o last_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o southeast_n angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n than_o set_v out_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o southeast_n angle_n and_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n at_o the_o same_o distance_n that_o it_o may_v represent_v the_o south-west_n angle_n then_o measure_v with_o a_o line_n of_o 100_o yard_n whether_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o southeast_n and_o south-west_n angle_n stake_n be_v equal_a with_o the_o two_o other_o side_n and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v equal_a then_o be_v the_o superficie_fw-la of_o the_o triangle_n perfect_v that_o you_o be_v present_o to_o have_v trace_v by_o many_o pionier_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o error_n you_o be_v to_o amend_v the_o same_o by_o your_o demi-circle_n and_o your_o line_n the_o superficie_fw-la of_o the_o triangle_n be_v trace_v you_o be_v to_o divide_v the_o side_n into_o 8_o part_n and_o at_o every_o division_n to_o knock_v 8_o stake_n knock_v in_o also_o a_o stake_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o every_o side_n for_o it_o will_v serve_v to_o set_v out_o the_o face_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n and_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n allow_v two_o part_n to_o every_o courtine_n and_o two_o part_n to_o the_o two_o breast_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_v and_o at_o every_o three_o stake_n of_o every_o side_n you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 32_o yard_n and_o ½_n and_o to_o strain_v it_o first_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n along_o the_o side_n trace_v and_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o line_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o then_o you_o be_v to_o wind_v the_o same_o line_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o to_o strain_v it_o along_o the_o side_n trace_v and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o these_o two_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n the_o exterior_a stake_n towards_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n represent_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o long_a flank_n and_o the_o inward_a stake_n towards_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o side_n represent_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o short_a flank_n and_o as_o you_o have_v set_v out_o this_o first_o breast_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o the_o other_o five_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o one_o hundred_o guard_n hundred_o if_o you_o can_v strain_v a_o line_n from_o the_o middle_a stake_n of_o the_o side_n of_o 320_o yard_n that_o be_v the_o just_a distance_n from_o the_o side_n opposite_a to_o every_o long_a flank_n it_o will_v ●e_v the_o better_o if_o not_o this_o way_n will_v serve_v turn_n so_o you_o stand_v with_o your_o demi-circle_n at_o the_o middle_a stake_n of_o the_o side_n ●o_o guide_v the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n of_o 100_o yard_n to_o the_o very_a out_o most_o point_n or_o angle_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n
call_v la_fw-fr cunette_n out_o of_o the_o great_a ditch_n and_o with_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v take_v out_o of_o it_o you_o be_v to_o erect_v the_o brest-werk_a of_o of_o your_o country_n escarpe_a with_o the_o foot-step_n of_o it_o the_o height_n of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v six_o foot_n high_a with_o the_o foot-step_n from_o the_o ground_n and_o four_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o footstep_n and_o the_o top_n of_o it_o slope_v to_o nothing_o and_o level_v with_o the_o firm_a ground_n leave_v six_o place_n of_o twelve_o foot_n broad_a to_o place_v six_o turn-pike_n right_a against_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o six_o halfe-moon_n that_o be_v to_o be_v erect_v after_o the_o brest-work_n of_o the_o country_n escarpe_a be_v finish_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o brest-work_n and_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o great_a ditch_n be_v to_o betwelve_v foot_n at_o the_o least_o and_o these_o turn-pike_n be_v all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v lock_v in_o the_o night_n and_o serve_v to_o retreat_n or_o relieve_v the_o outguard_n in_o time_n of_o a_o siege_n and_o when_o all_o this_o be_v perfect_v you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o the_o six_o outguard_n that_o be_v six_o halfmoon_n in_o the_o form_n of_o six_o equilateral_a triangle_n that_o have_v all_o their_o side_n equal_a of_o one_o handr_v and_o forty_o yard_n apiece_o their_o base_a that_o lie_v towards_o the_o country_n escarpe_a be_v to_o be_v open_a and_o the_o end_n of_o it_o 20_o foot_n or_o 24_o foot_n from_o the_o slope_n of_o the_o country_n escarpe_a and_o the_o come_n to_o the_o town_n and_o the_o go_v out_o be_v to_o be_v by_o the_o south_n and_o north_n half-moon_n mark_v by_o the_o letter_n a._n for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o gate_n and_o drawbridge_n will_v be_v secure_v and_o cover_v by_o the_o half-moone_n and_o the_o horse_n cart_n or_o foot_n that_o come_v to_o town_n shall_v be_v enforce_v to_o wind_v about_o the_o say_a halfmoon_n and_o by_o it_o expose_v if_o they_o be_v enemy_n to_o the_o musket_n shoot_v of_o they_o that_o keep_v the_o brest-work_n of_o the_o half-moone_n now_o to_o secure_v these_o half-moone_n from_o surptise_n beside_o the_o sentinel_n perdues_z there_o be_v to_o be_v a_o small_a court_n of_o cuard_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o and_o strong_a pallisadoe_n with_o pallisado_n gate_n that_o extend_v from_o the_o point_n or_o angle_n to_o the_o very_a brest-work_n of_o the_o country_n escarpe_a the_o ditch_n of_o these_o halfmoon_n be_v to_o be_v nine_o foot_n broad_a and_o fix_v foot_n deep_a their_o brest-work_n 9_o foot_n broad_a in_o the_o bottom_n with_o their_o foot-step_n and_o their_o height_n fix_v foot_n from_o the_o ground_n and_o four_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o foot-step_n and_o their_o thickness_n at_o top_n six_o foot_n have_v a_o foot_n slope_n towards_o the_o ditch_n this_o garrison_n thus_o fortify_v and_o man_v with_o a_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n and_o provide_v with_o 24_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n arm_n ammunition_n firework_n and_o victual_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n for_o a_o siege_n will_v be_v able_a to_o oppose_v a_o army_n of_o twelve_o thousand_o man_n for_o 3_o month_n for_o to_o conclude_v this_o method_n of_o fortification_n be_v as_o convenient_a for_o we_o in_o these_o time_n of_o civil_a distraction_n as_o any_o for_o it_o be_v not_o of_o great_a charge_n and_o require_v less_o man_n to_o man_n the_o same_o and_o yet_o be_v safe_a and_o strong_a threefold_a than_o our_o skare-crow_n mount_v small_a and_o ill_o flank_v redout_n and_o wind_a angle_n chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o four_o and_o last_o method_n of_o fortification_n by_o small_a flanker_n in_o general_n this_o four_o and_o last_o method_n of_o fortification_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o first_o compose_v of_o flank_n courtine_n and_o eastion_n without_o orillon_n for_o they_o agree_v in_o their_o form_n but_o disagree_v in_o their_o dimension_n the_o face_n flank_n and_o breast_n of_o these_o flanker_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n half_a as_o short_a again_o as_o those_o of_o the_o bastion_n &_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o courtine_n of_o this_o method_n by_o or●llons_n by_o a_o flanker_n be_v proper_o a_o bastard_n bastion_n without_o or●llons_n flanker_n long_a by_o forty_o yard_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o their_o breast_n it_o be_v invent_v to_o save_v charge_n both_o in_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o work_n and_o in_o the_o man_v of_o the_o garrison_n for_o i_o know_v no_o manner_n of_o fortification_n that_o will_v require_v less_o man_n to_o defend_v it_o nor_o small_a charge_n to_o erect_v it_o than_o this_o method_n and_o therefore_o the_o more_o convenient_a for_o we_o to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o in_o these_o time_n of_o civil_a distraction_n in_o which_o we_o want_v mean_n and_o time_n to_o erect_v strong_a complete_a and_o permanent_a fortification_n and_o man_n to_o man_n and_o defend_v they_o yet_o i_o will_v inform_v the_o reader_n of_o this_o truth_n that_o if_o this_o method_n of_o fortification_n be_v set_v and_o line_v out_o by_o a_o judicious_a engineer_n and_o the_o dimension_n of_o it_o here_o describe_v careful_o observe_v that_o it_o will_v be_v threefold_a as_o strong_a again_o and_o as_o permanent_a and_o regulary_a than_o the_o mount_n weak_a redoubt_n and_o slight_a wind_a angle_n use_v in_o these_o day_n and_o that_o a_o valiant_a and_o experience_a governor_n in_o a_o garrison_n thus_o fortify_v will_v be_v able_a to_o defend_v it_o with_o twelve_o hundred_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n although_o it_o be_v of_o three_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a circumference_n then_o he_o can_v do_v one_o that_o i_o know_v fortify_v with_o mount_n and_o wind_a angle_n with_o eighteen_o hundred_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n so_o much_o avail_v the_o art_n and_o the_o method_n of_o fortification_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o corporation_n and_o yet_o i_o dare_v affirm_v for_o a_o truth_n that_o their_o charge_n have_v be_v great_a then_o if_o they_o they_o have_v erect_v such_o work_n as_o these_o with_o the_o very_a same_o dimension_n follow_v 1_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o side_n or_o base_n of_o this_o method_n be_v not_o to_o exceed_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o yard_n 2._o the_o neck_n of_o their_o flanker_n be_v neither_o less_o nor_o exceed_v in_o extent_n fifty_o yard_n 3._o the_o breast_n of_o their_o flanker_n neither_o more_o nor_o less_o than_o 60_o yard_n 4._o the_o flank_n of_o their_o flanker_n neither_o less_o nor_o more_o than_o 25_o yard_n 5._o nor_o the_o face_n of_o their_o flanker_n less_o or_o more_o than_o fifty_o yard_n 6._o the_o courtine_n between_o two_o flanker_n be_v not_o to_o exceed_v two_o hundred_o yard_n 7._o their_o line_n of_o defence_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o this_o method_n from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o courtine_n that_o it_o may_v not_o exceed_v one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o yard_n nor_o the_o exterior_a angle_n of_o their_o flanker_n be_v more_o acute_a than_o these_o be_v 8._o the_o line_n of_o their_o flank_n be_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v upon_o a_o strait_a perpendiculary_a line_n as_o most_o man_n use_v to_o do_v for_o this_o way_n be_v destructive_a to_o the_o flank_n and_o they_o be_v reduce_v to_o dust_n the_o garrison_n be_v lose_v but_o they_o be_v draw_v one_o ⅛_n part_v more_o slope_n towards_o the_o other_o flank_n opposite_a to_o it_o that_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o flanker_n may_v be_v thick_a and_o jet_n or_o extend_v so_o much_o the_o more_o over_o the_o ditch_n to_o preserve_v the_o flank_n 9_o all_o the_o ditch_n be_v to_o be_v in_o this_o methe_v that_o have_v no_o country_n escarpe_a or_o outguard_n thirty_o foot_n broad_a and_o twenty_o foot_n deep_a the_o slope_n of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v for_o every_o yard_n a_o foot_n on_o every_o side_n that_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o they_o may_v be_v sixteen_o foot_n and_o ⅔_n broad_a for_o it_o be_v a_o disparagement_n to_o make_v the_o ditch_n of_o fortification_n and_o martial_a work_n like_o the_o ditch_n of_o enclose_a ground_n beside_o they_o be_v not_o so_o safe_a because_o they_o be_v soon_o fill_v in_o a_o storm_n and_o this_o manner_n of_o ditch_n savour_v over_o much_o of_o the_o ignorance_n and_o selfe-conceitednesse_a of_o our_o country_n surveyor_n 10._o the_o brest-work_n be_v to_o be_v twelve_o foot_n high_a within_o side_n and_o nine_o foot_n without_o side_n their_o inside_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v up_o from_o the_o firm_a ground_n as_o well_o as_o the_o outside_n and_o the_o five_o footstep_n within_o side_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v up_o after_o the_o brest-work_n be_v finish_v on_o both_o side_n they_o be_v to_o be_v two_o foot_n brest-work_n foot_n of_o the_o breadth_n and_o height_n of_o the_o five_o footstep_n and_o of_o the_o