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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	north_n	side_n	south_n	2,400	5	9.1749	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51553	A tutor to astronomie and geographie, or, An easie and speedy way to know the use of both the globes, coelestial and terrestrial in six books : the first teaching the rudiments of astronomy and geography, the 2. shewing by the globes the solution of astronomical & geographical probl., the 3. shewing by the globes the solution of problems in navigation, the 4. shewing by the globes the solution of astrological problemes, the 5. shewing by the globes the solution of gnomonical problemes, the 6. shewing by the globes the solution of of [sic] spherical triangles : more fully and amply then hath ever been set forth either by Gemma Frisius, Metius, Hues, Wright, Blaew, or any others that have taught the use of the globes : and that so plainly and methodically that the meanest capacity may at first reading apprehend it, and with a little practise grow expert in these divine sciences / by Joseph Moxon ; whereunto is added Antient poetical stories of the stars, shewing reasons why the several shapes and forms are pictured on the coelestial globe, collected from Dr. Hood ; as also a Discourse of the antiquity, progress and augmentation of astronomie.	Moxon, Joseph, 1627-1691.; Hood, Thomas, fl. 1582-1598.	1659 (1659)	Wing M3021; ESTC R23159	189,557	267

Order or Later Authors gave the Plains their Names upon the same grounds you may also learn to know them I confess both waies admit of some just exception against for in the Older Rule a Plain about the Pole is called an Equinoctial Plain when as to a sudden apprehension it would sound more significant to call it a Polar Plain as Later Authors do Again Later Authors call an Horizontall Plain a Vertical Plain when as it sounds more significant to call it an Horizontal Plain as Older Authors do because it lie flat upon the Horizon But I shall give you the names according to both Rules and leave you to your liberty to accept of which you please First therefore you have an Equinoctial Plain otherwise called a Polar Plain This Plain hath two Faces upper and under These two Faces ly in the Plain of the Equinoctial the upper Face beholding the Elevated Pole the under Face the depressed Pole 2. An Horizontal Plain otherwise called a Vertical Plain it lies in the Plain of the Horizon directly beholding the Zenith Erect Plains otherwise called Horizontal Plains are the sides of Walls and these are of seven sorts viz 1. Erect Direct Vertical North or South 2. Erect Direct East or West 3. Erect Vertical Declining 4. Erect Inclining Direct 5. Erect Inclining Declining 6. Erect Reclining Direct 7. Erect Reclining Declining 3. Erect Vertical North or South Direct otherwise called Direct North or South Horizontals behold the North or South Directly and ly in the East or West Azimuth 4. Erect Direct East or West otherwise called Direct East or West Equinoctials behold the East or West Directly and lies in the Plain of the Meridian having its Poles in the Equinoctial 5. Erect Vertical Declining Plains otherwise called Declining Horizontals do not behold the North or South Directly but swerves from them so much as the Azimuth Parallel to their Plains swerves or Declines from them 6. Erect Inclining Direct Plains have the upper side of their Plains Inclining or coming towards you and their Plains do exactly behold either the East West North or South 7. Erect Reclining Direct Plains have the upper side of their Plains Reclining or falling from you and their Plains exactly beholding either the East West North or South 8. E●●ct Reclining Declining or Erect Inclining Declining Plains are those Plains which are either Inclining or Reclining but 〈◊〉 behold the East West North or South Directly but 〈◊〉 or Decline more or less from them 9. Polar Plains are Parallel to the Axis of the World and to the M●ridians that cuts the East and West or North and South points of the Horizon All these kinds of Plains have two Faces the one beholding the North Pole with the same respect that the other beholds the South Pole except the Equinoctial Plain which because neither Pole is Elevated hath but one Face yet that one contains as many Hour lines as two other Faces These two Faces or Plains will receive just 24. hour lines fo● the 24 Hour-lines of Day and Night for so much as the one side or Face wanteth or exceedeth 12. the other side shall either exceed or want of 12. Every Dyal Plain is Parallel to the Horizon of some Country or other in the World therefore a Dyal made for any Horizon in the World may be set to such a Position that it will shew you the Hour of the Day in your own Habitation At least for so long as the Sun continues upon that Plan● All Plains may be aptly demonstrated by the Globe by setting it correspondent to all the Circles in Heaven as by Prob. 2. of the second B ok for if you imagine the Globe in that Position were prest flat into the Plain of any Circle that Flat shall represent a Dyal plain which shall be called after the name of that Circle it is prest into Thus if the Quadrant of Altitude be applyed to any degree of Azimuth and you imagine the Globe were prest flat to the edge of the Quadrant of Altitude so much as that Azimuth Declines from the East West North or South in the Horizon so much shall that flat on the Globe be said to Decline either from the East West North or South Or if you imagine the Globe were prest flat down even with the Plain of the Horizon that flat shall represent an Horizontal Plain because as was said before the Plain lies in that Circle cal'd the Horizon The Style or Gnomon is that straight wyre that casts the shadow upon the Hour of the Day it is alwaies placed Parallel to the Axis of the World There are several waies to find the scituation of all Plains but the readiest and speediest is by a Clinatory The Clinatory is made of a square board as A B C D of a good thickness and the larger the better between two of the sides is discribed on the Center A a Quadrant as E F divided into 90 equal parts or degrees which are figured with 10 20 30 to 90 and then back again with the Complements of the same numbers to 90 between the Limb and the two Semidiameters is made a Round Box into which a Magnetical Needle is fitted and a Card of the Sea Compass divided into 4 Nineties beginning their numbers at the East West North and South points of the Compass from which points the opposite sides of the Clinatory receives their Names of East West North or South Upon the Center A whereon the Quadrant was discribed is fastned a Plumb-line having a Plumbet of Lead or Brass fastned to the end of it which Plumb-line is of such length that the Plumbet may fall just into the Grove G H below the Quadrant which is for that purpose made of such a depth that the Plumbet may ride freely within it without stopping at the sides of it See the Figure annexed But admit there be Variation Having by Prob. 19. of the third Book found the number of degrees of this Variation towards the East or West count the same number of degrees from the North point in the Card either to the Eastwards or Westwards and note the degree in the Card terminating at that number for that degree shall be the North point and its opposite degree the South point 90. degrees from it either way shall be the East and West points Therefore whereas before you were directed to turn the Clinatory till the North point of the Needle point to the Flower-de-luce on the ●aid you m●st now turn or move the Clinatory till the North point of the Needle ●arg just over the degree of Variation thus sound and then a line drawn as aforesaid by the side of the Clinatory Paral●el to the Needle shall be a North and South line or to speak more properly a Meridional line You may fi●d a M●ridian li●e several other waies as first If the Sun shine just at Noon hold up a Plumb-line so as the shadow of it may fall upon your Plain and

that shadow shall be a Meridian li●e Secondly on the backside the Clinatory discribe a Circle and draw a line through the Center to both sides the Circumference cross this line with an other line at R●ght Angles in the Center so shall the Circle be divided into four equal parts These four parts you must ma●k with East West North South and divide each of them into 90. degrees In the Center of this Plain erect a straight wyer prependicularly when you would find a Meridian line examine by the tenth Prob. of the second Book the Amplitude of the Suns Rising or Setting from the East or West points and waiting the just Rising or Setting that Day turn the Instrument about till the shadow of the wyer falls upon the same degree from the East or West the Amplitude is of for then the North and South line in the Instrument will be the same with the North and South line in Heaven Thirdly by the Suns Azimuth Find the Azimuth of the Sun by Prob. 22. of the second Book and at the same instant turn the Instrument till the shadow of the wyer fall upon the degree on the Instrument opposite to the degree of the Suns Azimuth so shall the Meridional line of the Instrument agree with the Meridional line in Heaven You may the same way work by the Azimuth of any Star Only whereas the shadow of the wyer should fall upon the opposite degree aforesaid Now you must place a Sight or Perpendicular upon that opposite degree and turn the Instrument about till the wyer at the Center the Sight in the opposite degree of the Stars Azimuth and the Star in Heaven come into one straight line so shall the Meridian line of the Instrument agree with the Meridional line in Heaven Fourthly It may be found by any Star observed in the Meridian if two Perpendiculars be erected in the Meridian line of your Instrument for then by turning the Instrument till the two Perpendiculars and the Star come into a straight line the Meridian line of your Instrument will be the same with the Meridian line in Heaven See more waies in Mr. Palmer on the Planisphear Book 4. Chap. 9 If your Plain either Recline or Incline apply one of the sides of your Clinatory Parallel to one of the Semi-diameters of the Quadrant to the Plain in such sort that the Plumb-line hanging at liberty may fall upon the Circumference of the Quadrant for then the number of degrees of the Quadrant comprehended between the side of the Quadrant Parallel to the Plain and the Plumb-line shall be the number of degrees of Reclination if th● Center of the Quadrant points upwards or Inclination if th● Center points downwards If your Reclining or Inclining Plain Decline draw upon it a line Parallel to the Horizon which you may do by applying the back-side of the Clinatory and raising or depressing the Center of the Quadrant till the Plumb-line hang just upon one of the Semi-diameters for then you may by the upper side of the Clinatory draw an Horizontal line if the Plain Incline or by the under side if it Recline If it neither Incline or Recline you may draw● an Horizontal line both by the upper and under sides of the Clinatory Having drawn the Horizontal line apply the North 〈◊〉 ● of the Clinatory to it and if the North end of the Needle 〈◊〉 directly towards the Plain it is then a South Plain If the 〈◊〉 point of the Needle points directly from the Plain it is a Nor●● plain but if it points towards the East it is an East Plain if towards the West a West Plain If it do not point directly 〈◊〉 East West North or South then so many degrees as the 〈◊〉 declines from any of these four points to any of the other of 〈◊〉 four points so many degrees is the Declination of the Plain 〈◊〉 respect as aforesaid had to the Variation of the Compass Or if you find the Azimuth of the Sun by its Altitude observed just when its beams are coming on or going off you● Plain that Azimuth shall be the Azimuth of your Plain Or you may erect a wyer Perpendicularly on your Plain and wait till the shadow of that wyer comes to be Perpendicular with the Horizon which you may examine by applying a Plumb-line to it for then the shadow of the Plumb-line and the shadow of the Perpendicular will be in one then taking the Altitude of the Sun you may by Prob. 22. of the second Book find its Azimuth and thereby know in what Azimuth the Plain of your Dyal lies for the Azimuth your Plain lies in is distant from the Azimuth of the Sun just 90. degrees PROB. I. How by one position of the Globe to find the distances of the Hour-lines on all manner of Plains YOu may have Meridian lines drawn from Pole to Pole through every 15. degrees of the Equinoctial to represent the Horary motion of the Sun both Day and Night and when the Pole of the Globe is Elevated to the height of the Pole in any Place and one of these Meridian lines be brought to the Brazen Meridian all the rest of the Meridian lines shall cut any Circle which you intend shall represent the Plain of a Dyal in the number of degrees on the same Circle that each respective Hour-line is distant from the Noon-line point in the same Circle Thus if you should enquire the distance of the Hour-lines upon an Horizontal Plain in Londons Latitude The Pole of the Globe as aforesaid must be Elevated 51½ degrees and one of the Meridian lines you may chuse the Vernal Colure be brought to the Brazen Meridian which being done you are only to examine in the Horizon Because it is an Horizontal Plain at what distance from the Meridian which in Horizontals is the Noon-line the several Meridians drawn on the Globe intersect the Horizon for that distance in degrees shall be the distance on a Circle divided into 360. degrees that each respective Hour-line must have from the Meridian or a Noon line chosen in the same Circle and lines drawn from the Center of that Circle through those degrees shall be the Hour lines of an Horizontal Plain If your Plain be not Direct but declines East or West 〈◊〉 must number the Declination Eastwards or Westwards re●pectively in the degrees of the Horizon and the Quadrant 〈◊〉 Altitude screwed to the Zenith as aforesaid bring the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to the said degrees of Declination and the number of degrees cut by the Meridians in the Quadrant of Altitude numbred downwards is the number of degrees that the Hour-lines are distant from the Noon line in a Circle of 360 degrees And lines drawn from the Center of that Circle through those degrees be the Hour lines of half the Day And if you turn about the Quadrant of Altitude upon the Zenith point till the lower end of it come to the degree of the Horizon

Solsticial Colure to the Meridian on the North side the Horizon and screw the Quadrant of altitude to the Zenith which will be in 23½ degrees from the Pole of the World So shall the Ecliptick ly in the Horizon and the Pole of the Ecliptick also ly under the Center of the Quadrant of Altitude as was shewed Prob. 27. Now to find the Longitude of any Star do thus Turn the Quadrant of Altitude about till the graduated edge of it ly on the Star and the degree in the Ecliptick that the Quadrant touches is the Longitude of that Star Example for a Star on the North side the Ecliptick I would know the Longitude of Marchab a bright Star in the wing of Pegasus I find it on the North side the Ecliptick Therefore I elevate the North Pole and placing ♋ on the North side the Meridian I screw the Quadrant of Altitude to the Zenith as aforesaid Then laying the edge of the Quadrant of Altitude upon that Star I find that the end of it reaches in the Ecliptick to ♓ 18. 56. Therefore I say the Longitude of Marchab is ♓ 18. 56. For the Latitude of a Star The Degree of the Quadrant of Altitude that touches the Star is the Latitude of the Star Example The Globe and Quadrant posited as before I find 19. deg 26. min. accounted upwards on the Quadrant to touch Marchab aforesaid Therefore I say the Latitude of Marchab is 19. deg 26. min. And thus by elevating the South Pole and placing the Globe and Quadrant of Altitude as aforesaid I shall find Canicula have 15. degrees 57. min. South Latitude and 21. degr 18. min in ♋ Longitude PROB. XXXIII To find the Distance between any two Places on the Terrestrial Globe THis may be performed either with the Quadrant of Altitude or with a pair of Compasses with the Quadrant of Altitude 〈◊〉 Lay the lower end thereof to one Place and see what degree reaches the other Place for that is the number of degrees between the two Places If you multiply that number of Degrees by 60 the Product shall be the number of English Miles between the two Places Example I would know the distance between London and the most Easterly point of Jama●ca I lay the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to Jamaica and extending the other end towards London I find 68½ deg comprehended between them Therefore I say 68½ is the number of degrees comprehended between London and Jamaica If you would find the Distance between them with your Compasses you must pitch one foot of your Compasses in the East point of Jamaica and open your Compasses till the other foot reach London and keeping your Compasses at that Distance apply the feet to the Equinoctial line and you wil find 68½ degree comprehended between them as before If you multiply 68½ by 60 is it gives 4110. English miles If you multiply it by 20 it gives 1370. English Leagues If you multiply it by 17½ it gives 1199. Spanish Leagues If you multiply it by 15 it gives 1054 Dutch Leagues PROB. XXXIV To find by the Terrestrial Globe upon what point of the Compass any two Places are scituate one from another FInd the two Places on the Terrestrial Globe and see what ●umb passes through them for that is the point of the Compass they bear upon Example Bristol and Bermudas are the Places I examine what Rhumb passes through them both and because I find no Rhumb to pass immediately through them both Therefore I take that Rhumb which runs most Parallel to both the Places which in this Example is the tenth Rhumb counted from the North towards the left hand and is called as you may see by this following Figure West South West Therefore I say Bermudos lies scituate from Bristol West South West and by contraries Bristol lies cituate from Bermudas East North East PROB. XXXV To find by the Coelestial Globe the Cosmical Rising and Setting of the Stars WHen any Star Rises with the Sun it is said to Rise Cosmically And when any Star Sets when the Sun Rises it is sa●d to Set Cosmically To find these Rectifie the Globe to the Latitude of your Place and bring the Place of the Sun to the East side the Horizon and the Stars then cut by the Eastern Semi-Circle of the Horizon Rise Cosmically and those Stars cut by the Western Semi-Circle of the Horizon Set Cosmically Example Novemb. 9. I would know what Stars Rise and Set Cosmically here at London The Suns Place found as by the third Probleme is 〈◊〉 27. Therefore I bring 〈◊〉 27. to the East side the Horizon and in the Eastern Semi-Circle I find Rising with the Sun the right Wing of Cygnus the Star in the end of Aquila's tail Serpentarius and Centaurus Therefore these Constellations are said to the Cosmically In the Western Semi-Circle of the Horizon I find Setting Andromeda the Triangle Taurus Orion anis Major and Argo Navis Therefore I say these Constellations Set Cosmically PROB. XXXVI To find by the Coelestial Globe the Acronical Rising and Setting of the Stars THe Stars that Rise when the Sun Sets are said to Rise Acronically And The Stars that Set with the Sun are said to Set Acronically To find these Rectifie the Globe to the Latitude of your Place and bring the Place of the Sun to the West side the Horizon and the Stars then cut by the Eastern Semi-Circle of the Horizon Rise Acronically And those Stars cut by the Western Semi-Circle of the Horizon Set Acronically Example November 9. I would know what Stars Rise and Set Acronically here at London The Suns Place as before is 〈◊〉 27. Therefore I bring 〈◊〉 27. to the West side the Horizon and in the Eastern Semi-Circle I find Rising the Southern Fi●h Fomahant Ce●us Taurus Auriga and the Feather in Castor's Cap. Therefore these Constellations are said to Rise Acronically In the Western Semi-Circle of the Horizon I find Setting the Lyons tail Virgo Scorpio and Sagittarius Therefore I say these Constellations Set Acronically PROB. XXXVII To find by the Coelestial Globe the Heliacal Rising and Setting of the Stars WHen a Star formerly in the Suns Beams gets out of the Suns Beams it is said to Rise Heliacally And. When a Star formerly out of the Suns Beams gets into the Suns Beams it is said to set Heliacally A Star is said to be in the Suns Beams when it is made inconspicuous by reason of its neerness to the Suns Light The Bigger Stars are discernable more neer the Suns Light then the Lesser are For Stars of the first Magnitude may according to the received Rules of ancient Authors be seen when the Sun is but 12. degrees below the Horizon but Stars of Second Magnitude cannot be seen unless the Sun be 13. degrees below the Horizon Stars of the third Magnitude require the Sun to be 14. degrees below the Horizon ere they can be seen of the fourth Magni●ude 15. degrees of the fifth

off these kind of Planes To these Hour lines I set their numbers as you may see i● the Figure Here you may see that in Declining Dyals the Style doth not stand at the same Elevation above the Plane that it doth in Erect Direct Dyals neither doth it stand over the 12 a clock line but swerves from it towards the Quarter of Declination PROB. X. To make a North Erect Dyal declining Eastwards or Westwards AS in Prob. 5. an Erect Direct North Dyal hath the same Delineation that an Erect Direct South Dyal hath and differs only in the placing the Figures of the Hour lines So a North Erect Dyal that declines Eastwards or Westwards differs from a South Erect Dyal that Declines Eastwards or Westwards the same number of degrees only in placing the Hour lines at the same distance on the contrary side of the Plane and by transposing the Figures of 11 for 1 10 for 2 9 for 3. c. Thus if you draw upon Glass Horn or an Oyled Paper the South Dyal Declining Eastwards as in the foregoing Probleme and place it to its due scituation the back side of it shall be a North Dyal declining towards the West so many degrees as the foreside Declines towards the East and the only difference in it will be the Figures of the Hour lines as was said before PROB. XI To make Direct Reclining or Inclining Dyals DIrect Reclining or Inclining Dyals are the same with Erect Direct Dyals that are made for the Latitude of some other Places The Latitude of which Places are either more then the Latitude of your own Place if the Plane Recline or less if the Plane Incline and that in such a proportion as the arch of Reclination or Inclination of your Plane is Thus a Direct South Dyal Reclining 10. degrees in Londons Latitude viz. 51½ degrees is an Erect Direct Dyal made for the Latitude of 61½ degrees And a Direct South Dyal Inclining 10. degrees in the Latitude 51½ degrees is an Erect Direct Dyal in the Latitude of 41½ degrees and is to be made according to the Directions in Prob. 4. PROB. XII To make Declining Reclining or Declining Inclining Dyals THe distances of the Hour lines either for a Declining Reclining Plane or a Declining Inclining Plane may most easily be found upon the Plane of the Horizon That is as some Authors call it by the Horizontal Dyal by changing the Circles of the Globe one into another So as the Plane of the Horizon may serve to represent the Dyal Plane Yet this way not being natural because you must admit one Circle to be another and that in Young Learners might sometimes breed a little difficulty Gemma Frisius Metius and Blaew hath prescribed a thin Brass plate to be made equal to a Semi-Circle of the Equinoctial and divided from the middle point of it either way into 90 degrees which may not unproperly be called a Gnomonical Semi-Circle This Semi-Circle must be bowed close to the Body of the Globe into a Semi-Circular form and so set to any Reclination or Inclination and then it will represent a Reclining or Inclining Plane And by the motion of the Colure through the several degrees of this Semi-Circle the distances of the Hour lines may be found Thus The Globe Quadrant of Altitude Colure and Hour Index Rectified as by Prob. 4. Bring the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to the degree in the Horizon of the Planes Declination if your Plane be a South Declining Recliner and count on the Quadrant of Altitude from the Zenith downwards the number of degrees of Reclination or Inclination and to that number of degrees bring the middle of the Gnomonical Semi-Circle and let the ends of ●t cut the Horizon on either side in the degrees of the Planes Azimuth so shall the Gnomonical Semi-Circle represent a Reclining Plane And so oft as 15. degrees of the Equator passes through the Meridian so oft shall you enquire what degrees of the Gnomonical Semi-Circle the Colure cuts for so many degrees asunder must the several respective Hour lines of a Reclining Declining Plane be in a Semi-Circle divided into 180. degrees But if your Plane be a South Declining Recliner or a North Declining Incliner Bring the Quadrant of Altitude to the degree of the Horizon opposite to the degree of the Planes Declination because the upper side of the Plane lies beyond the Zenith counted from the South point in the South Recliners and from the North point in North Incliners Then find the height of the Style and place of the Substyle thus Keep your Gnomonical Semi-Circle in its position But turn the Quadrant of Altitude about on the Zenith point till the lower end of it comes to the degree of the Horizon opposite to the degree it was placed at before and turn about the Globe till the Colure cut the Quadrant of Altitude above the Horizon in the number of degrees the Plane Reclines from the Zenith so shall the Colure cut the Gnomonical Semi-Circle at Right Angles Then count the degrees contained between the middle of the Gnomonical Semi-Circle and the Colure for that number of degrees is the distance of the Substyle from a Perpendicular line in the middle of your Plane and must be placed Westwards of the said Perpendicular if your Plane decline from the South East-wards or Eastwards if your Plane decline from the South Westwards Then observe how many degrees are contained between the Semi-Circle and the Pole for that number of degrees is the number of degrees that the Style is to be Elevated above the Substyle Example Here at London I would make a Dyal upon a Plane Declining from the South Eastwards 30. degrees and Reclining from the Zenith 20. degrees Londons Latitude is 51½ degrees Therefore Having on the Plane discribed a Semi Circle c. as was directed Prob. 4. I Rectifie the Globe Quadrant of Altitude Colure and Hour Index as by the same Probleme and bring the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to 30. degrees from the North point of the Horizon towards the West because that is the degree opposite to the degree of the Planes Declination viz to 30 degrees from the South Eastwards And I bring the middle of the Gnomonical Semi Circle to 20. degrees of the Quadrant of Altitude counted from the Zenith downwards towards the Horizon and the ends of the Gnomonical Semi Circle to the degrees of Azimuth the Plane lies in in the Horizon viz. to 30. degrees from the East point Northwards and to 30. degrees from the West point Southwards so shall 11. degrees 10. minutes of the Gnomonical Semi Circle be comprehended between the Quadrant of Altitude and the Brasen Meridian These 11. degrees 10. minutes shews that the 12 a clock line is distant from the Perpendicular A B 11. degrees 10. minutes and because the Plane Declines to the Eastwards therefore the 12 a clock line must stand on the West side the Plane 11. degrees 10

Moon or Stars c. and for the finding the Azimuth and Amplitude c. VI. Of the Quadrant of Altitude The Quadrant of Altitude is a thin brass plate divided into 90. degrees and marked upwards with 10 20 30 40 c. to 90. It is rivetted to a Brass Nut which is fitted to the Meridian and hath a Screw in it to screw upon any degree of the Meridian When it is used it is screwed to the Zenith It s use is for measuring the Altitudes finding Amplitudes and Azimuths and discribing Almicantaraths It would sometimes stand you in good steed if the Plate were longer by the bredth of the Horizon then 90. degrees for then that length being turned back will serve you instead of an Index when the Nut is screwed to the Zenith to cut either the degrees or Daies of either Style or the Points of the Compass in any of those Circles concentrical to the innermost edge of the Horizon which the Ey cannot so well judge at VII Of the Hour Circle and its Index The Hour Circle is a smal Brasen Circle fitted on the Meridian whose Center is the Pole of the world It is divided into the 24 hours of the Day and Night and each hour is again divided into halfs and quarters which in a Revolution of the Globe are all pointed at with an Index which to that purpose is fitted on the Axis of the Globe The use of the hour Circle is for shewing the Time of the several mutations and Configurations of Celestial Appearances VIII Of the Nautical Compass or Box and Needle Just under the East point of the Horizon upon the undermost Plane is sometimes fixed a Nautical Compass whose North and South line must be Parallel to the North and South line of the Horizon The use of it is for setting the Angles of the Globe correspondent to the Angles of the World IX Of the Semi-Circle of Position This is a Semi-Circle made of Brass and divided into 180. degrees numbred from the Equinoctial on either side with 10 20 30 c. to 90. at the two ends there is an Axis which is fitted into the two hole of two smal studs fixed in the North and South points of the upper Plane of the Horizon upon this Axis it is moved up and down according to the intent of your operation The use of this Circle of Position is for the finding the twelve Astrological Houses of Heaven and also for finding the Circle of Position of any Star or Point in Heaven Thus much may serve for the lineaments Circumjacent to the body of the Globe The next discourse shall be CHAP. II. Of the Circles Lines c. discribed upon the Superficies of the Globe beginning with the Terrestrial Globe and I. Of the Equator THe Equator is a great Circle encompassing the very middle of the Globe between the two Poles thereof and divides it into two equal parts the one the North part and the other the South part It is as all great Circles are divided into 360. equal parts which are called Degrees Upon this Circle the Longitude is numbred from East to West and from this Circle both waies viz. North and South the Latitude is reckoned It is called the Equator because when the Sun comes to this line which is twice in one year to wit on the tenth of March and the eleventh of June the Daies and Nights are equated and both of one length II. Of the Meridians There are infinite of Meridians for all places lying East or West from one another have several Meridians but the Meridians delineated upon the Terrestrial Globe are in number 36. so that between two Meridians is contained ten degrees of the Equator From the first of these Meridians which is divided into twice 90 degrees accounted from the Equator towards either Pole is the beginning of Longitude which upon our English Globes is at the Ile Gratiosa one of the Iles of the Azores and numbred in the Equator Eastwards with 10 20 30 c. to 360. round about the Globe till it end where it began They are called Meridians because they divide the Day into two equal parts for when the Sun comes to the Meridian of any Place it is then Midday or full Noon III. Of the Parallels As the Meridians are infinite so are the Parallels and as the Meridian lines delineated upon the Globe are drawn through no more then every tenth degree of the Equator so are the Parallels also delineated but upon every tenth degree of the Meridian lest the Globe should be too much filled with superfluity of lines which might obscure the smal names of Places The Parallel Circles run East and West round about the Globe even as the Equator only the Equator is a great Circle and these are every one less then other diminishing gradually till they end in the Pole The Parallels are numbred upon the Meridian with 10 20 30 c. to 90. beginning in the Equator and ending in the Pole They are called Parallels because they are Parallel to the Equator IIII. Of the Ecliptick Tropicks and Polar Circles These Circles though they are delineated upon the Terrestrial Globe yet they are most proper to the Celestial and therefore when I come to the Celestial Globe I shall define them unto V. Of the Rhumbs The Rhumbs are neither Circles nor straight lines but Helispherical or Spiral lines They proceed from the point where we stand and wind about the Globe till they come to the Pole where at last they loose themselves They represent the 32 winds of the Compass Their use is to shew the bearing of any two places one from another that is to say upon what point of the Compass any shoar or Land lies from another There are many of them described upon the Globe for the better directing the ey from one shoar to the other when you seek after the bearing of any two Lands Some of them where there is room for it have the figure of the Nautical Card drawn about the Center or common intersection and have as all other Cards have for the distinction of the North point a Flowerdeluce pictured thereon They were first called Rumbs by the Portugals and since used by Latine Authors and therefore that name is continued by all Writers that have occasion to speak of them VI. Of the Lands Seas Ilands c. Described upon the Terrestrial Globe The Land described upon the Globe is bounded with an irregular line which runs turning and winding into Creeks and Angles even as the shoar which it represents doth For the better distinction of Lands c this line is cullered close by one side thereof with divers Cullers as with red yellow green c. these cullers distinguish one part of the Continent from the other and also one Iland from another That side of the line which incompasses the Cullers is the bounds of the Land the other side of the line which is

Contingence elevated to the Height of the Equinoctial draw line from the Center through every 15 degrees of the Circle of Position and by continuing them intersect the line of Conti●gence in the points from whence the Hour lines of an East or West Dyal is to be drawn Example But because in our Latitude the Sun Rises before 4. in the Morning therefore two Hour-lines are yet wanting viz. 5 and 4 which I may find either by applying the thred first to 15 and next to 30 degrees from 0 towards g in the Semi-Circle and so marking where it cuts the Contingent line as before Or else by transfering the distance of the same number of Hour lines from the 6 a clock line already drawn on the side e 〈◊〉 to the side e g as in Prob. 2. of this Book is more fully shewed Having thus marked out on the Contingent line the distances of each Hour I draw a line Parallel to the Contingent line and draw lines from every Hour markt on the Contingent to cross the Contingent line at Right Angles and continue each line to the line Parallel to the Contingent and these lines shall be the Hour lines of an East Plane To these Hour-lines I set Figures as in the Scheam may be seen The Style D K of this Dyal as well as of others must stand Parallel to the Axis of the World it must be also Parallel to all the Hour lines and stand directly over the 6 a clock line and that so high as is the distance between the Center of the Semi-Circle of Position and the point where the 6 a clock line cuts the Contingent line Or which is all one at such a height as when it is laid flat down upon the Plane it may just reach the 3 a clock line PROB. VII To make an Erect Direct West Dyal AN Erect Direct West Dyal is the same in all respects with an Erect Direct East Dyal Only as the East shews the Fore-noon Hours the West shews the After-noon Hours Thus if you should draw the East Dyal on any transparent Plane as on Glass Horn or an Oyled Paper on the one side will appear an East Dyal and on the other a West Only the Figures as was said before must be changed for that which in the East Dyal is 11 in the West must be 1 that which in the East Dyal is 10 in the West must be 2 that which in the East Dyal is 9 in the West must be 3. c. PROB. VIII To make a Polar Dyal POlar Dyals are Horizontal Dyals under the Equinoctial They are of the same kind with East and West Dyals Only whereas East and West Dyals have but the Hour lines of half the longest Day discribed on them these have all the Hour lines of the whole Day and are marked on both sides the Noon line as in the following Figure The Style of this Dyal must stand over the Noon line Parallel to the Plane for then it will also be Parallel to the Axis of the World and its height above the Plane must be the distance between the Center i of the Semi-Circle and the point in the Contingent line cut by the Noon-line But I have inserted the Figure which alone is sufficient Instructions PROB. IX To make Erect South Dyals Declining Eastwards or Westwards DRaw on your Plane an Horizontal line and on it discribe a Semi-Circle as you were taught in Prob 4. Then Rectifie the Globe Quadrant of Altitude Colure and Hour Index as by the same Probleme and bring the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to the degree of Declination from the East or West point according is your Declination is Eastwards or Westwards for then the Quadrant of Altitude shall represent a Plane declining from the South E●stwards or Westwards accordingly Then tu●n the Globe Eastwards till the Index of the Hour-Circle points to all the Hours before Noon and examine in what number of degrees from the Zenith the Colure cuts the Q●●drant of Altitude when the Index points to each Hour For a line drawn from the Center A through the same number of degrees reckoned from the Perpendicular A B which is the 12 a clock line towards Con the Plane shall be the same Hour-lines the Index points at Example I would make an Erect Dyal declining from the South towards the East 27. degrees The Globe Quadrant of Altitude Vernal Colure and Hour Index Rectified as before I bring the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to 27. degrees counted from the East point of the Horizon towards the North Then I turn the Globe East-wards till the Index points to 11 a clock or till 15. deg of the Equator pass through the Meridian and find the Colure cut the Quadrant of Altitude in 9.43 counted from the Zenith 10 19.0 9 25.57 8 35.10 7 45.56 6 60.15 5 79.45 And these are the distances of the Fore-noon Hour-lines which I seek in the West side of the Plane viz. from B towards C and through these distances I draw lines from the Center and these lines shall be the Fore-noon Hour-lines Now herein is a difference between Declining Dyals and Direct Dyals For having found the distances of the Hour lines for one half of the Day be it either for Before Noon or After Noon in a Direct Dyal you have also found the distances for the other half Day because as was said Prob. 3. Equal number of Hours have equal distance from the Noon line But in Declining Dyals it is not so Because the Sun remaining longer upon that side of the Plane which it declines to then it doth upon the contrary side there will be a greater number of Hour lines upon it and by consequence the distance of the Hour lines less then on the contrary side of the Plane Therefore for finding the After Noon Hour lines I turn about the Quadrant of Altitude upon the Zenith point till the lower end of it come to the degree of the Horizon opposite to that degree of Declination that the Quadrant of Altitude was placed at when I sought the Fore Noon Hour lines viz to 27. degrees counted ●om the West towards the South and bring the Ver●al Colure again to the Meridian and the Index as before to 12. Then turning the Globe Westwards till the Index poin●s to 1 a clock or till 15 degr of the Equator pass through the Meridian I find the Colure cut the Quadrant of Altitude in 11.20 counted from the Zenith 2 26.47 3 49.20 4 75.52 And these are the distances of the After Noon Hour lines which dista●●●● I seek in the East side of the Plane viz. from B towards D as before and so drawing lines from the Center A through these distances I have all the Afternoon Hour lines also drawn on my Plane You may note that this Plane is capable to receive no more Hour lines After Noon then 4. for when the Colure goes off the Quadrant of Altitude the Sun goes

minutes Then to find all the Fore Noon Hour lines I turn the Globe East-wards till the Index points to 11 a clock or till 15 degr of the Equator pass through the Meridian and find the Colure cut the Gnomonical Semi-Circle in 15. 8 counted from the middle of the Gnomonical Semi Circle 10 18. 56 9 22. 37 8 26. 52 7 32. 37 6 42. 5 5 62. 43 And these are the distances of the Fore Noon Hour lines to which distances you may set Pricks on the West side the Semi Circle of the Plane viz. from B to C. The After Noon Hour lines are found by bringing the Colure again to the Meridian and the Index of the Hour Circle to 12. for then turning the Globe Westwa●s till the Index points to 1 a clock or till 15 degr of the Equator pass throug the Meridian I find the Colure cut the Gnomon Semi-Circle in 5. 45 counted from the middle of the Gnomon Semi-Circle 2 2. 54 3 20. 52 4 64. 36 Having drawn the Hour-lines I remove the Quadrant of Altitude to the degree of the Horizon opposite to the degree it was at before viz. to 30. degrees from the South Westwards which is so much as the Plane declines Eastwards But I let the Gnomonical Semi Circle stand as it did And turning about the Globe till the Colure cut the Quadrant of Altitude in 20. degrees counted from the Horizon upwards viz. the degrees of Reclination I find 18. degrees 40. minutes contained between the middle of the Gnomonical Semi Circle and the Brasen Meridian which is the distance of the Substyle from the Perpendicular And I find the Gnomonical Semi Circle cut the Colure in 13. degrees 49. minutes from the Pole which is the Height that the Style must be raised over the Substyle Therefore I prick off in the Semi Circle on the Plane the distance of the Substyle 18. degrees 40. minutes from the Perpendicular Westwards because this Plane declines Eastwards And from the Center A I draw through that prick the line A E which shall be the Substyle and from this Substyle either way I count in the Semi Circle on the Plane 13 degrees 49. minutes and there make a Prick Then from the Center A I draw through that Prick the line A F to represent the Style or Gnomon Then I let fall the Perpendiculer F G upon the Substyle A G So is a Triangle made which if it be erected Perpendicularly upon the Substyle A G the Style A F shall be Parallel to the Axis of the World and cast a shadow upon the Hour of the Day Having made this Dyal you have made four several Dyals whereof this is one And his opposite viz. North Declining Westwards 30. degrees Inclining to the Horizon 70. degrees is another The South Declining Westwards 30. degrees Reclining from the Zenith 20. degrees is another And his opposite viz. North Declining Eastwards 30. degrees Inclining to the Horizon 70. degrees is the other PROB. XIII To make a Dyal upon a Declining Inclining Plane THe Precepts for making these Dyals are delivered in the foregoing Probleme Therefore we shall at first come to an Example I would make a Dyal upon a Plane in Londons Latitude Declining from the South Westwards 25. degrees and Inclining towards the Horizon by the space of an Arch containing 14. degrees Having first discribed on the Plane a Semi Circle as was directed Prob. 4. I rectifie the Globe Quadrant of Altitude Colure and Hour Index as by the same Probleme and bring the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to the degree of the Planes Declination viz. to 25. degrees counted from the South Westwards and the ends of the Gnomonical Semi Circle to the degree of Azimuth the Plane lies in viz. to 25. degrees from the West Northwards and the middle of the Gnomonical Semi Circle to the degree of the Planes Inclination viz. 14. degrees counted from the Zenith downwards on the Quadrant of Altitude Then counting the degrees of the Gnomonical Semi Circle contained between the middle of the same and the Brasen Meridian I find 5. degrees 30. minutes These 5. degrees 30. minutes shews the distance of the 12 a clock line from the Perpendicular Therefore I number in the Semi Circle discribed on the Plane from the Perpendicular Westwards Because the middle of the Gnomonical Semi Circle lies Westwards on the Globe from the Meridian And for finding all the Fore-Noon Hour-distances I turn the Globe East-wards till the Index points to 11 a clock or till 15 degr of the Equa pass throug the Meridian and find the Colure cut the Gnomon Semi-Circle in 20. 5 counted from the middle of the Gnomon Semi-Circle 10 36. 57 9 56. 24 8 76. 31 And these are the distances of all the Fore Noon Hour lines to which several distances I make pricks on the West side the Semi Circle on the Plane viz. from B to C. The After Noon Hour lines are found by bringing the Colure again to the Meridian and the Index of the Hour Circle to 12. For then turning the Globe Westwards till the Index points to 1 a clock or till 15. degrees of the Equator pass through the Meridian I find the Colure cut the Gnomonical Semi-Circle in 6. 20 counted from the middle of the Gnomonical Semi Circle 2 18. 2 3 28. 45 4 39. 56 5 52. 30 6 67. 19 7 84. 13 And these are the distances of the After Noon Hour lines which I also prick down at their respective distances from the Perpendicular Eastwards viz. from B towards D on the Plane and by drawing lines from the Center A through all the Pricks I have all the Hour lines that this Plane will admit of Having made this Dyal you have also four Dyals made as well as in the former Probleme For this is one and its opposite viz. North declining Eastwards 25. degrees Reclining 76. degrees is another The South declining Eastwards 25. degrees inclining 14 degrees is another and its opposite viz. North declining Westwards 25. degrees Reclining 76. degrees is another PROB. XIV To find in what Place of the Earth any manner of Plane that in your Habitation is not Horizontal shall be Horizontal IT was said in the Preface that all manner of Planes however scituate are Parallel to some Country or other on the Earth Therefore all manner of Planes are indeed Horizontal Planes and the distances of the Hour lines to be ●●scribed on them may be found as the distances of the Hour lines of the Horizontal Dyal in Prob. 3. It rests now to learn in what place of the Earth any Plane that is not Horizontal in your Habitation shall become Horizontal And for help of your understanding herein Take these following Rules 1. If your Plane be Erect Direct North or South it shall be an Horizontal in the same Longitude at 90. degrees distance on the Meridian counted from the Zenith of your Place through the Equinoctial See an Example of this

the Equinoctial under the Meridian of your Place have a continual Sun-Dyal of it and the hour of the Day given on it at once in two places one by the parting the enlightned Hemisphear from the shadowed on the Eastern side the other by the parting the enlightned Hemisphear from the shadowed on the Western side the Globe Much more might be said on this Probleme But the Ingenuous Artist may of himself find out diversities of Speculations therefore I forbear PROB. XLVI To know by the Terrestrial Globe in the Zenith of what Place of the Earth the Sun is THis may be performed by the former Probleme in the Day time if the Sun shines but not else But to find it at all times do thus Bring the Place of your Habitation to the Meridian and the Index of the Hour-Circle to 12 Then turn the Globe Eastwards if Afternoon or Westwards if Before Noon till the Index of the Hour-Circle pass by so many Hours from 12. as your Time given is either before or After-Noon so shall the Sun be in the Zenith of that Place where the Meridian intersects the Parallel of the Suns Declination for that Day Example May 10 at ¾ of an hour past 4. a clock After Noon I would know in what Place of the Earth the Sun is in the Zenith My Habitation is London Therefore I bring London to the Meridian and the Index of the Hour-Circle to 12. and because it is After Noon I turn the Globe Eastwards till the Index passes through 4 hours and 3 quarters or which is all one till 70 degrees 15 minutes of the Equator pass through the Meridian Then I find by Prob. 5. the Suns Declination is 20. degrees 5. minutes which I find upon the Meridian and in that Place just under that degree and minute on the Globe the Sun is in the Zenith which in this Example is in the North East Cape of Hispaniola Having thus found in what Place of the Earth the Sun is in the Zenith Bring that Place to the Meridian and Elevate its respective Pole according to its respective Elevation so shall all Places cut by the Horizon have the Sun in their Horizon Those to the Eastwards shall have the Sun Setting those to the Westward shall have it Rising in their Horizon those at the Intersection of the Meridian and Horizon under the Elevated Pole have the Sun in their Horizon at lowest but Rising those at the Intersection of the Meridian and Horizon under the Depressed Pole have the Sun in their Horizon at highest but Setting Thus in those Countries that are above the Horizon it is Day-light and in those but 18 degrees below the Horizon it is Twilight But in those Countries further below the Horizon it is at that time dark Night And those Countries within the Parallel of the same number of degrees from the Elevated Pole that the Suns Declination is from the Equinoctial have the Sun alwaies above the Horizon till the Sun have less Respective Declination then the Elevated Pole and those within the same Parallel of the Depressed Pole have the Sun alwayes below their Horizon till the Sun inclines more towards the Depressed Pole As you may see by turning about the Globe for in this position that portion of the Globe intercepted between the Elevated Pole and the Parallel Circle of 20. degrees 5. minutes from the Pole doth not descend below the Horizon neither doth that portion of the Globe intercepted between the Depressed Pole and the Parallel Circle within 20. degrees 5. minutes of that Pole ascend above the Horizon PROB. XLVII To find in what different Places of the Earth the Sun hath the same Altitude at the same time FInd by the former Probleme in what Place of the Earth the Sun is in the Zenith and bring that Place on the Globe to the Zenith and on the Meridian there screw the Quadrant of Altitude and turn it about the Horizon describing degrees of Almicantars thereby as by Prob. 23. and all those Countries in any Almicantar on the Globe shall have the Sun Elevated the same number of degrees above their Horizon Thus those Countries in the tenth Almicantar shall have the Sun Elevated 10. degrees above their Horizon those in the 20 th Almicantar shall have the Sun Elevated 20 degrees above their Horizon those in the 30 th 30. degrees c. So that you may see when the Sun is in the Zenith of any Place All the Countries or Cities in any Almicantar have the Sun in one heighth at the same time above their Horizon But to find in what different Places the Sun hath the same heighth at the same time as well Before or After Noon as at Full Noon and that in Countries that have greater Latitude then the Suns greatest Declination and therefore cannot have the Sun in their Zenith requires another Operation Therefore Elevate its respective Pole according to your respective Latitude and let the Degree of the Brazen Meridian which is in the Zenith represent your Habitation and the degree of the Ecliptick the Sun is in represent the Sun Then bring the Sun to the Meridian and the Index of the Hour-Circle to 12 and turn the Globe Eastwards if Before Noon or Westwards if After Noon till the Index point to the Hour of the Day Then place the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to the East point of the Horizon and move the upper end by sliding the Nut over the Meridian till the edge of the Quadrant touch the place of the Sun Then see at what degree of the Meridian the upper end of the Quadrant of Altitude touches the Meridian and substract that number of Degrees from the Latitude of your Place and count the number of remaining degrees on the Meridian on the contrary side the degree of the Meridian where the upper end of the Quadrant of Altitude touches the Meridian and where that number of degrees ends on the Meridian in that Latitude and your Habitations Longitude hath the Sun the same heighth at the same time Example May 10. at 53. minutes past 8. a clock in the Morning I would know in what Place the Sun shall have the same Altitude it shall have at London London's Latitude found by Prob. 1. is 51½ degrees Northwards And because the Elevation of the Pole is equal to the Latitude of the Place as was shewed Prob. 15. Therefore I Elevate the North Pole 51½ degrees so shall 51½ degrees on the Meridian be in the Zenith This 51½ degrees on the Meridian represents London The Suns Place found by Prob. 3. is ♉ 29. Therefore I bring ♉ 29 to the Meridian and the Hour Index to 12. on the Hour Circle Then I turn the Globe Eastwards because it is before Noon till the Index point at 8. hours 53 minutes on the Hour-Circle and place the lower end of the Quadrant of Altitude to the East point in the Horizon and slide the upper end either North or Southwards

on the Meridian till the graduated edge cut the degree of the Ecliptick the Sun is in Then I examine on the Meridian what degree the upper end of the Quadrant of Altitude touches which in this example I find is 38½ degrees Therefore I substract 38½ from 51½ Londons Latitude and there remains 13. Then counting on the Meridian 13. degrees backwards from the Place where the Quadrant of Altitude touched the Meridian I come to 25½ on the Meridian Northwards Therefore I say In the North Latitude of 25½ degrees and in the Longitude of London which is in Africa in the Kingdom of Numidia the Sun May 10. at 53. minutes past 8. a clock in the Morning hath the same Altitude above the Horizon it hath here at London The Quadrant of Altitude thus applyed to the East point of the Horizon makes right angles with all points on the Meridian even as all the Meridians proceeding from the Pole do with the Equator therefore the Quadrant being applyed both to the East point and the Suns Place projects a line to intersect the Meridian Perpendicularly in equal degrees from which intersection the Sun hath at the same time equal Heighth be the degrees few or many for those 5. degrees to the Northwards of this intersection have the Sun in the same heighth that they 5 degrees to the Southwards have it and those 10 20 30. degrees more or less to the Northwards have the Sun in the same heighth that they have that are 10 20. 30. degrees more or less to the Southwards So that this Prob. may be performed another way more easily with your Compasses Thus Having first rectified the Globe and Hour Index Turn about the Globe till the Hour Index point to the Hour of the Day Then pitch one foot of your Compasses in the Suns Place and extend the other to the degree of Latitude on the Meridian which in this example is 51½ degrees North then keeping the first foot of your Compasses on the degree of the Sun turn about the other foot to the Meridian and it will fall upon 25½ as before Blaew commenting upon this Probleme takes notice how grosly they ere that think they can find the heighth of the Pole at any Hour of the Day by the Suns height because they do not consider that it is impossible to find the Hour of the Day unless they first know the height of the Pole PROB. XLVIII To find the length of the Longest and Shortest Artificial Day or Night THe Artificial Day is that space of Time which the Sun is above the Horizon of any Place and the Artificial Night is that space of Time which the Sun is under the Horizon of any Place They are measured in the Hour Circle by Hours and Minutes There is a constant unequallity of proportion in the Length of these Daies and Nights which is caused both by the alteration of the Suns Declination and the difference of the Poles Elevation Those that inhabite on the North side the Equator have their longest Day when the Sun enters ♋ and those that inhabite on the South side the Equator have their longest Day when the Sun enters ♑ But to know how long the longest Day is in any North or South Elevation Raise the North or South Pole according to the Elevation of the Place and bring ♋ for North Elevation or ♑ for South Elevation to the Meridian and the Index of the Hour Circle to 12. Then turn the Globe about till ♋ for North Elevation or ♑ for South Elevation come to the West side the Horizon and the number of Hours and minutes pointed at on the Hour Circle doubled is the number of Hours and minutes of the Longest Day The length of the Night to that Day is found by substracting the length of the day from 24. for the remainder is the length of the Night The shortest Day in that Latitude is the length of the shortest Night found as before And the longest Night is of the same length with the longest Day Example I would know the length of the longest Day at London Therefore I Elevate the North Pole 51½ degrees and bring ♋ to the Meridian and the Index of the Hour Circle to 12. Then I turn ♋ to the Western side the Horizon and find the Index point at 8. hours 18. minutes which being doubled makes 16. hours 36. minutes for the length of the longest Day here at London PROB. XLIX To find how much the Pole is Raised or Depressed where the longest Day is an Hour longer or shorter then it is in your Habitation REctifie the Globe to the Latitude of your Place and make a prick at that point of the Tropick which is at the Meridian I mean at the Tropick of ♋ if your Habitation be on the North side the Equator or ♑ if your Habitation be on the South side the Equator And if you would know where the longest Day is just an hour longer then it is at your Habitation turn the Globe to the Westward till 7½ degrees of the Equato● pass through the Meridian and make there another prick on the Tropick Then turn about the Globe till the first prick come to the Horizon and move the Meridian through the notches of the Horizon till the second prick on the Tropick come to the Horizon so shall the arch of the Meridian contained between the Elevation of your Place and the Degree of the Meridian at the Horizon be the number of Degrees that the Pole is Elevated higher then it is in your Latitude Example I would know in what Latitude the longest Day is an Hour longer then it is at London Therefore I Rectifie the Globe to 51½ deg and where the Meridian cuts the Tropick of ♋ I make a prick then I note what degree of the Equator is at the Meridian and from that degree on the Equator count 7½ degrees to the Eastwards and bring those 7½ degrees to the Meridian also and again where the Meridian cuts the Tropick of ♋ I make another prick so shall 7½ degrees of the Tropick be contained between those 〈◊〉 pricks Then I turn the Globe about till the first prick comes to the Horizon and with a Quill thrust between the Meridian and the Ball I fasten the Globe in this position Afterwards I move the Meridian through the 〈◊〉 of the Horizon till the second prick rises up to the Horizon and then I find 56½ degrees of the Meridian cut by the Superficies of the Horizon Therefore I say In the Latitude of 56½ degrees the longest Day is an Hour longer then it is here at London But if you would know in what Latitude the Dayes are an Hour shorter you must make your second prick 7½ degrees to the Westwards of the first and after you have brought the first prick to the Horizon you must depress the Pole till the second prick descends to the Horizon so shall the degree of the Meridian at the Horizon shew in