Selected quad for the lemma: end_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	needle_n	north_n	south_n	1,809	5	10.7689	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43008	Archelogia philosophica nova, or, New principles of philosophy containing philosophy in general, metaphysicks or ontology, dynamilogy or a discourse of power, religio philosophi or natural theology, physicks or natural philosophy / by Gideon Harvey ...	Harvey, Gideon, 1640?-1700?	1663 (1663)	Wing H1053_ENTIRE; Wing H1075_PARTIAL; ESTC R17466	554,450	785

circular motion is evident in that the continuous effluvia of all bodies convert themselves into a like motion Doth not the thick smoak of Coales of Gunpowder of Boyling water in fine of all things in the World turn themselves round in the open air What is it you can cast up into the air but it will incline to a circular motion Do not those little Atoms that are seen by us in the Rayes of the shining Sun the same which some Author is pleased to term light it self probably because the Sun through its reflection and refraction upon them engrosses its light so as to render them to be light glistering bodies to the eye make choice of a turning and winding motion Which if so what reason is there to move us to detract the said motion from the continuous steames of the Heraclian stone Authors I remember as Gilbert Cabeus Kircher and others are accustomed to pronounce the Loadstone to contain a collection of all the properties of the Earth in her and reciprocally the Earth to partake of the qualifications of the Loadstone but without reason Nevertheless I may justly set down that the Loadstone is enricht with all the dignities and vertues of Fire and Air For as Fire and Air attract move circularly are diffused to the periphery even so doth this stone Here we may equally imagine Poles Axis Polar Circles AEquator Meridian Horizon a common and proper motion c. VII I shall begin with its Poles whose Axis in most places interfects the Axis of the fiery Heavens into oblique angles which in some Climates happen to be more or less obtuse or acute except that about the tenth degree beyond the Fortunate Islands and in some few other Meridians its Axis and Poles are coincident with those of the Firmament The stone may be justly compared to a Planet which as it doth in some stations of the Heaven seem to be eccentrical in others concentrical so this may be termed eccentrick or concentrick or rather conpolar and expolar It s greatest expolarity or declination from the Poles of the Firmament is by Mariners deprehended to be extended to seventeen degrees Dr. Gilbert makes them up 23. that is within 30 min. equal to the greatest declination of the Poles of the Zodiack but he omits the proof It s Center is the body of the stone about which the steames move round like the Wings of a Mill do rowl about their Axeltree It s polar circles may be conceived to be those that describe the distance of the Poles of the stone from those of the Firmament and of the Air. The AEquator is the middle circle imagined to divide the Orbe of the steams into two equal parts viz. of North and South It acquires a new Meridian in as many places as its Poles vary in their declination or ascension It s Horizon is the Circle equally dividing its upper Hemisphaere from the lower Next we will propose certain Theoremes of the Compass Needle 1. The Mariners Needle if gently rubbed against the Magnete throughout its length and especially about both the points doth imitate the nature of it particularly of attraction and of inclining towards the North and South 2. If the Needle be touched throughout its whole length it doth tend Northwards and Southwards with more force than if only rubbed at one end or point 3. The Needle being only touched at the South end will only in the Meridional plage incline towards the South and if at the North point it inclineth to the North in the Septentrional parts 4. The Needle being rubbed about the middle doth incline towards the North and South although very weakly and slowly IX These Theorems together with the foregoing ones we shall instantly endeavour to demonstrate You must observe that the motion of the emanating fumes of the Magnete is from East to West and from West to East and consequently its Poles or immoveable points must be North and South as you may more plainly understand by this Scheme where a is mark for the South Pole of the streames and b for the North γ for East and δ for the West That the Magnete moves circularly in the manner aforesaid is evidenced by its circular attraction for small pieces of Steel being placed about it are all obliquely attracted and forced to it and not directly which is an undoubted sign of the stones circular motion 2. These Effluvia issuing forth in great fumes are through a superabundance protruded into small bodies of steames which through an overforcing impulse of the air do as it were reverberate move back again but circularly towards the stone like as we see thick smoaks do in a Chimney still reserving their naturall motion from East to West Wherefore it is through their circular motion that Steel is impelled to them obliquely and through their reverberating impulse it is forced directly to the body of the Loadstone Likewise the extreme part of the Compass Needle being impregnated with the steames of the Magnete which in the foresaid manner affecting a circular motion from East to West make choice of the extreme point of the Needle N for one of its Poles viz. its North Pole which necessarily must remain immoveable and look towards the North supposing its motion to be from East to West But if those steames were rowled from South to North as Cartesius imagined then the Needle would constantly be shaken by a motion tending upwards and downwards which it is not To the contrary we see that the said Needle is very inclinable to move Eastward and Westward if but lightly toucht because of the steams moving from East to West and from VVest to East for the motion of the Needle excited by a conquassation moves circularly in raising it self and moving towards the East and thence depressing it self and returning to the VVest 3. How can it be rationally conceived that these steames should rowl from South to North since they cannot move the Needle that waies it being fastned at the middle 4. Hence you may be resolved why the Needle being only toucht at one extremity doth tend Northwards with a greater force because its rowling requiring a freedom of circulating Eastward and Westward fixes the point Northerly as being one of its Poles Besides this motion obversing about its extremity urgeth a greater force upon the whole Needle because there it and all other bodies viz. at the extremity are the weakest and least potent to resist Likewise the same Needle being affricted at its Southerly part in Southern Regions Verges to the South because of the Southern Pole of the air as that of the North point to the North in Northerly Countries because of its imitating the North Pole of the air But if touched about the middle its Vergency is the same although with less force because the weight of the Needle doth most resist the impulse of the Magnetical effluvia at its centrical parts Next for the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to wit

a Porringer Poole or Lake striving no longer for a Center for it enjoyes one there doth not move downwards of it self or is thence circularly reflected as water is when it is deprived from its Center wherefore that motion downwards which is in the water in a Porringer Lake or Pool is not caused intrinsecally through a bent for a center but by an extrinsick impulse of the air striving downwards for it center and meeting with thick water which it cannot easily pass it bends and forceth the stronger upon it that so it may give way But the air in a Compass box is still detained from its center especially by the intercurrent emanations of the Needle about whose extremity both air and Magnetical steames move circularly together as upon one of the Poles More than all this the air within the Box is still continuated to the whole tract of the air whereby it is assisted and furthered in its circular motion Whereas water is discontinuated from its intire body But you may instance That the Box together with the glass atop doth interrupt the continuation of the air within the Compass from its Elementary body without or if that did not certainly the whole Compass Box being thrust deep under water would and nevertheless the Needle would point South and North. I answer That a thousand glasses or boxes would scarce be sufficient to hinder the communication of the air since they are all pervious Yet I cannot but grant that the water may which if it doth it doth only diminish the strength of the Needles Vergency but doth not quite abolish it unless the air within begins to be incrassated by water entring in vapours and then its circular motion and consequently the Needles Vergency is quite lost and abolished Wherefore I conclude That the air in the Box although under water doth continue in a circular motion because of its detention from a center untill it is incrassated by water XII But before I come too near to the conclusion of this Chapter let me take the leasure to balance what Cartesius sets down upon this matter After the enumeration of the properties of the Magnete he observes that there are striated particles that are sent down from the South part of Heaven and bowed quite into another kind of shape different from those that rain down from the North whence it is that the one cannot enter into those Channels and passages which the other can He further observes that the South particles do pass directly from their seat through the midst of the earth and when passed return back again with the air that is cast about the earth because the passages through which they pass are such that they cannot return back again through the same The like is to be understood of those particles that press through the earth from the North. In the mean time as many new parts as there do alwaies come on from the South and North part of the Heavens so many there do return or fall back through the East and West parts of the Heavens or else are dispersed in their journey and lose their Figures not in passing the middle Region of the earth because there their passages are made fit for them through which they flow very swiftly without any hinderance but in returning through the air water and other bodies of the outward earth wherein they find no such passages they are moved with much more difficulty and do constantly meet with particles of the second and third Element by which they labouring to expel them are sometimes diminisht Now in case these striated particles hit against the Loadstone lying in its natural position then they find a clear passage and go through because he saith a Loadstone is pervious in the same manner as the earth is and therefore calleth the Earth also a Magnete The Poles of the Loadstone he states to be the middle points of its passages on both ends That which is the middle point between those passages that are disposed to receive the particles descending from the North part of the Heavens is the North Pole and its opposite point is the South Pole But when the striated particles that come from the Poles of the Earth hit against the passages of the Magnete lying athwart then they do by that force which they have of persevering in their motion according to right Lines impell it untill they have reduced it to its natural position and so they effect that its South Pole provided it be not detained by any external force turns towards the North Pole of the Earth and its North Pole towards the South Pole of the Earth Because those particles that tend from the North Pole of the Earth through the air to the South came first from the South part of the Heavens through the midst of the earth and the others that return to the North came from the North. Here you have the chief of the forementioned Authors fansie upon the demonstration of the properties of the Loadstone In the first place how can any one probably conceive that there are striated parts sent down from Heaven for consider the immense distance which he agrees to the interposition of thick clouds filled up with dense exhalations and the continuous depth of the air Is not the air potent enough to dissolve all bodies contained within its bowels doth it not dissolve the thick frozen clouds into snow hail and thick rain Doth it not dissolve the coagulated exhalations of the earth that are so tenacious Much more those striated parts which he himself confesses are dissipated at their return through the force of the ambient air that in so short a time passage Why should these striated particles descend more from the polar Regions of the Heavens than from the East and West parts Are not the Poles of the Heavens immoveable of the least efficacy Are not those parts of the Firmament alwaies discerned to be clearest and most freed from obscure bodies Is not the North and South air so much condensed and congealed that it is impossible for it to give passage to such subtil bodies as the pores of the Magnet do require I say impossible to subtil bodies because they need force to press through and so much the more because they are discontinuated But had our Author asserted them to rain down from the East and West parts where the air is thinnest and less nebulous and where the Coelestial bodies exercise their greatest influences it would have deserved a freer reception but then his Chimera would have been rendred monstrous and unfit to explain the reasons of the Magnetical vertues The south streaks saith he are intorted in a form different from those of the North whence had he that news what Because one Pole of the Magnete inclineth to the North and the other to the South therefore these streaks must needs be sent down from the North and South Is this a Mathematical Demonstration to conclude