Instruments with which a Laboratory ought to be furnished are of two sorts for some are Principal the others less-Principal The Principal Instruments without which no Operation can be done are the Lute the Furnaces the Vessels and the Fire The less-Principal are those that serve sometimes for one Process sometimes for another towards the facilitating of them and are in great number But I propose only Thirty of the most useful viz. an Iron Ladle a little Iron Bar an Iron Spatula a great Stick a Brass Mortar and Pestle a Marble Mortar with a Woodden-pestle a Plate-dish of White-ware with a Glass-pestle two pair of Scales and Weights a Marble or Porphyry-stone to grind upon some Pack-thread white and brown Paper Starch or Glue a fine Sieve some old Linen-rags cut out into long slices some Ashes some Sand some Tiles some water a Tin-Mould in form of a Pipe an Iron-Mould for Pistol-Bullets a Copper-Mould for a Goblet a little Trevet a Woodden Spoon a Tin-Tunnel Rolls stuft with Straw or Chaff or made of Paste-board a Mould for Bricks a Fire-Shovel a pair of Tongs and a pair of Bellows Of these we shall not treat here particularly but as occasion shall serve in the Operations where they shall be imployed Of the Chymical Lute TO make a good Lute for all the purposes of Chymistry take of Potters-Earth of white or yellow Sand and of Horse-dung an equal quantity not an equal weight mingle them and moisten them by little and little with water first working them together with your feet upon the ground then piece by piece kneading of them exactly with your hands upon a Table till you have so incorporated your Ingredients that they are not distinguishable from one another then make them up in form of Bricks that so you may use them more neatly keeping them from Fire and Sun lest they should be over-dry and hard The Potters Earth is made use of because of its unctuosity which makes the Lute less brittle the Sand is employed to bind the Potters Earth from cracking and flying and burning to dust And some do use powder'd Glass for the same end The Horse-dung is added because being full of little Straws well grownd by the Horses Teeth they do serve for the firmer knitting of the matter together And so some use Calves Hair for that purpose Finally the Water incorporates these three things together In the place of which some use the Whites of Eggs which by their sliminess make a stronger conglutination of all the Ingredients This Lute serves for six uses 1. To make Bricks 2. To lute and cement the Bricks of your Furnaces 3. To fill up the cracks and slits of your Furnaces 4. To frame little Rounds like Salt-sellers to set the Retorts on 5. To lute all Vessels both of Earth and Glass 6. To repair the cracks of your Vessels Now because there is a peculiar industry in well forming the Bricks and Salt-sellers or Rounds and in luting the Vessels I shall here set it down at length Our Bricks are all of a bigness and proportion that so our Furnaces may be the more even and firm and the easilier built even without cement Moreover they are almost in the shape of a half Moon that they may make the Furnace round that figure being the fittest to gather and concentrate the heat Therefore we form our Bricks in a Woodden-mould either of Box or Guaiac or some such hard wood The piece of wood is a foot long half a foot broad and three inches thick In its middle there must be a hollow or overture drawn from a Round made with a Compass which Overture ought to be eight inches outwards six inches inwards three inches large and three inches thick Now to make your Bricks fill your mould with lute and with a woodden knife even the superficies and so knock out your Brick and when your mould grows dirty rub the sides of it with sand dry your Bricks in the shade so they will last longer for being thus half-dried they will bake leasurely in the using of them and not be apt to crumble and break neither will they be so soon calcin'd as if you had dried them by the fire or Sun or in a Potters Oven Our Rounds or Salt-sellers derive their name from their figure because they are somewhat like the old-fashioned Salt-sellers To form them take of our Lute a quantity as big as your fist and rowling it between both hands reduce it to the form of a Cylinder two inches high flat the lower end of it upon a Table and then with your fingers sink in the upper part till it be somewhat like a Salt-seller that is hollow and of the breadth of an inch in diameter For the luting of your Vessels the Lute that is employed ought to be softer than either for Bricks or Rounds and therefore you 'll do well to wet it with some Water It must not be laid on thicker than the thickness of a Half-Crown-piece for if it be the fire will scarce be able to heat the Water contained in your Vessels Observe that sometimes the Matrasses are luted up to the neck sometimes half way Retorts are luted in the same way too only there ought to be a little space left near the neck that one may see thorow it into the Vessel in the time of the Operation Your Vessel being luted must be dried at leisure in the Sun or shade or near a gentle fire taking care to turn them equally so that they be not dried more in one place than in another Of the Chymical Furnaces OUr Furnaces are round and little They are round that they may unite and concentrate the heat of the fire they are little that our Laboratory may not be incumber'd to no purpose and also that we may give our Vessels a quicker and more equal fire and that with less toil and less expence We have two sorts of Furnaces the first are fixt which are made of different lays of crooked Bricks cemented strongly together with our Lute the others are moveable and consist of crooked Bricks laid one upon another without any lute or cement and in which you lay the fire not under your Vessels as in the first sort of Furnaces but circularly round about them The fixt and cemented Furnaces are five in number to wit the Furnace with a heat of Bulneum maris or of the vaporous Bath the Furnace with the heat of ashes or sand the Furnace with a naked fire and circular heat the Furnace with a naked fire and small Reverberation and the Furnace with the fire of great Reverberation The moveable and not cemented Furnaces are likewise five in number viz. the Furnace with a small circulatory fire the Furnace with a great circulatory fire the Furnace with a fire of circulation and suppression without a gape the Furnace with a fire of circulation and suppression with a gape and the Furnace with a moulting fire or the wind furnace
Regulus time to separate from its Faeces Obs 5. That you must powder and mingle together the said matters that you must not make use of a glazed pot that you must not put in your matter till your pot be red hot that you must not put it in all at a time but by little and little and that presently after every projection you must cover the Pot with its cover That you must stir your matter with a stick for the reasons alledged in our observations upon the Liver of Antimony Obs 6. That the Regulus of Antimony is nothing but an Antimony opened and melted by the Niter somewhat more intimately than the Liver of Antimony because of the addition that is made here of the Tartar and Charcoal and also by reason of the continuation of the fire which devests it of its terrestreity and of a good part of its venomous Sulphur and flowers but yet it is endowed with a great emetick and purgative vertue Therefore we have not used here much Niter and though the fire has been more violent than in the Liver of Antimony yet it has not been strong enough to banish all the vomitive and purgative vertue as shall be done in the Diaphoretick Antimony The Vertues and Vse It is a milder vomative and a gentler purgative than the Crocus metallorum and it is used in three different ways 1. It may be powder'd and infus'd and so make a Vinum emeticum as has been said in the Crocus metallorum 2. We make of it eternal Pills 3. We make Cups of it in which Wine infus'd becomes purgative and emetick 4. It serves also to make the Diaphoretick by calcining it with Niter either in a fire of suppression or in the Sun-beams by a burning-glass To make the everlasting Pills you must have a Mould for leaden Bullets of the bigness of an ordinary pill lute with our Lute the lower parts and all the sides of your Mould to the end that your melted liquor being thereby kept in may be fitly and handsomly shaped into the form of Pills then take as much as you please of your Regulus and put it into an iron melting spoon with a long handle which set upon a great fire of suppression or in a wind Furnace cover the said spoon with a dry Tyle not a wet one lest it should fly then pour coals upon your spoon thus covered and give a melting fire till your matter be red hot and perfectly melted and as shining and bright as quicksilver then pour gently your matter into your mould and when it is cold take out your Pills which stick all one to another separate them and with a knife even them so as they may have no unequal parts which might hurt the throat esophage the Maw the Guts or the Fundament One of these Pills may serve you for ever taking it out of the close-stool and then making it clean for another time for one Pill of dragm has the same effect as the ordinary dose of Vinum emeticum and works as well as if you took three or four of these Pills at a time As for the mould of the Cup it must be of sand and can serve you but once your Cup must be as thick as a Crown piece you must make your addresses to those that cast Bells to make you a mould you may make one of Brass but it will cost you too much and yet will not do so well as one of sand The Regulus of Mars TAke two pound of Male Antimony one pound of Tartar and as much of Common Niter two ounces of Charcoal and six ounces of filings of steel or iron powder all these and mingle them well together and operate in the same manner as you did in making the Regulus of Antimony The Operation done will produce you thirteen ounces of Regulus proceeding from Seven ounces of Antimony and six of filings whereby you may perceive that the Antimony loses much of its smooty Sulphur and its sulphureous malignant flowers Obs 1. That we add here the filings to the end we may fix the vomative quality of Antimony but you must not put above three ounces to each pound of Antimony lest it should be so fixt as to lose its purgative vertue and contract the nature of a metal Obs 2. That we employ not so much Charcoal in this Regulus of Mars as in the precedent Regulus of Antimony in recompense whereof we put the filings which produce the same effect Obs 3. That out of the Faeces of this Regulus is also made the golden Diaphoretick Sulphur Obs 4. That the Regulus of Mars is nothing but Antimony perfectly opened by Niter and devested of its venemous qualities by a long fusion though not long enough to evaporate all its purgative Sulphur It s Emetick vertue is fixt by the Addition of Mars It s Vse and Vertue It purges gently by stool without provoking to vomit if it be infused in white Wine or if you make of it everlasting Pills or Cups in the same dosis and methods we have described in the Regulus of Antimony Nay more if you powder one pound of it and tye it up loosely in a coorse linnen and then let it infuse in a quart of the decoction of sudorifick Woods and Roots you may cure the Pox without fluxing by Mercurial remedies There is also made with the Regulus of Antimony and Niter calcin'd together an excellent Diaphoretick Antimony but observe that that which is made either with crude Antimony or with the Regulus of Antimony provokes vomiting except it be very well washed whereas that which is made with the Regulus of Mars never incites to vomit The golden Diaphoretick Sulphur TAke of the Faeces of Regulus Antimony or of the Regulus of Mars and boil them a quarter of an hour in common water in a Brass kettle to make thereof a dark yellow Lexivium which filtrate through a brown Paper Gather together all your filtrations and put them into a glass or stone vessel but not into a glazed earthen then one lest the Salts of your matter should corrode the Lead or Vernish and so black your powder then pour upon them two or three spoonfuls of Vinegar or Spirit of Niter Vitriol or Sulphur or some other acid the stronger it is the higher will be the colour of your Precipitate for these acid Spirits do much more vivifie colours than Vinegar does You will see presently that your Faeces will curdle become yellowish and stink your Curd being setled pour away the Liquor which you may keep to wash your Bedsteds withal to keep them clean from Punaises then upon your Curds throw common Water and you shall see them precipitate into a powder of a Saffron-colour Pour away this first Water and pour on some more in great quantity that you may at once sweeten your powder and take away from it its ill smell and its emetick vertue then having poured away this last Water filtrate the residue through a
two Bricks and upon them your Crucible or Pot then raise divers Rounds of our Bricks without Lute till they come two or three fingers above your Pot leaving in the first rank an interval of a fingers breadth betwixt the Bricks but in the last row they must be joined very close together leave also betwixt your Crucible and the Furnace-sides a space of two inches broad which must be filled with Coals up to the top of the Furnace and from thence this fire is called a fire of Suppression because the Coals are not only under but circularly above and on the sides of the Vessel and besides very often we cover the whole Pot with Coals The Furnace with a fire of Suppression with a chink is for the distillation of Oyls and Spirits and Phlegms of all sorts of resinous Gums and Wax in a Glass Retort well luted it is made as the precedent only there ought to be in the two last Rounds of Bricks a chink gap or overture for the neck of your Retort to pass through which must be set and compassed with Coals as has been said Observe That in placing your Retort either in this Furnace or any of the small or great Reverberatories there are three things to be taken notice of 1. That the body of the Retort touch the Bricks of the side that the Chink is in such a manner as the whole neck may hang out at the Chink lest otherwise the fire should break it 2. That the neck of your Retort hang downwards that the liquor may the easilier run into the Recipient 3. That the end of the neck of your Retort enter into the middle of your Recipient for fear the vapours received should find some passage even through their luted conjunction The Furnace with a melting-fire or the Wind-Furnace to melt the hardest bodies as Gold Glass Stones in a Crucible or unglazed Earthen pot and it is thus made Take two Loggs of Wood or two great Stones half a foot high a Barrel knock'd out at the lower end and having in the other a hole as big as a mans head then set this Barrel upon the Stones or Loggs and having laid a Grate upon the uppermost hole cover all this top with our Lute and Plaster together and upon this erect a moveable Furnace with the fire of suppression with our Bricks as it has been said before The air coming in with violence under the Barrel does so blow and light the Coals that it produces a heat incomparably greater than any other Of the Chymical Vessels THe Kettle or Cauldron serving for the Balneum Maris or Vaporous Bath This Kettle is of the same matter and form as ordinary Kettles are that is Brass it must have no Bail but round about it a brim of an inch broad by which it is to be suspended upon the brim of the Furnace this Kettles cover must exactly fit it and have five round holes whereof the middlemost must be the biggest and capable of the bottom of a Glass-Cucurbit or Body with its head the four other are less and for little dishes of Earth or Glass in which Extracts and Salts are to be dried The Vesica or Copper-body cover'd with its Moors-head and bordered with its Refrigeratory serving to distil Aqua vitae Aromatick and Balsamick Essences Waters and Spirits of Plants This Vesica ought to be of Copper not tinn'd within and somewhat round bottom'd it ought not to be thicker than a shilling of one foot and a half high and one foot broad in diameter in its top it must be a little Convex not in form of a Pear as they ordinarily make them and this that it may repercute the phlegm of Aqua vitae and the Essences From the middle of this top rises a neck four inches high and three in diameter below but four inches above whose use is to make the Cover of the Vesica enter easily and stick faster and so you see that this Vessel is not unlike a Hogs-bladder on one side of the top rises a little pipe two inches high and half a finger wide by which with a Tin-tunnel you put in again the first Spirits of Wine that come a little muddy because they have carried along with them the smoot adhering to the conducts of the Alembick its Cover is of Brass and consists of a neck half a foot deep three inches large at the top and bottom but four inches in the middle because within it must be five or six Spunges so fastned with cross-sticks under and over them as to be kept from falling down into the Vesica and from rising up into the head their use is to draw to themselves the aetherial Spirit of the Aqua vitae or Brandy and to hinder the phlegm which in the middle of the Operation rises with the Spirits from passing any farther for the Spirit being thin and aery easily makes way where the gross phlegm cannot which therefore falls down again into the Vesica This neck is terminated in a round Ball not unlike a humane skull and is therefore called the Moors-head from whose middle is derived a Pipe a foot long and in diameter an inch wide which goes through a Cauldron or Kettle sawder'd round about the Moors-head and which must be of such a proportion as to contain a pale of water which is poured in the Operation cold to the end that the Vapours that are in the Moors-head may be soon condensed and dissolved into liquor This Cauldron is therefore called a Refrigeratory on one side of the brim there is a little cock wherewith to empty the water if it grow too hot and when the Operation is ended The little moveable neck by which the Pipe coming from the Moors-head must be join'd with the long Pipe that goeth through the Hogs-heads ought to be half a foot long the long Pipe which passes through the Hogs-heads must be of Brass and six foot long one inch wide in diameter by little and little diminishing as it comes nearer the end This Pipe goes through two Hogs-heads situated close by one another by four holes so made that the Pipe entring almost at the top of the nearest runneth down a-slope to come out at the last hoop of the furthermost afterwards the circumference of these holes must be strongly luted then fill with water your Hogs-heads which will be another strong Refrigeratory and by condensing the Spirits and Vapours in their way make a copious distillation in a small time The open Limbick is made of two different pieces viz. of a Body or Cucurbit and its Head The Body may be of Glass Stone or Earthen glaz'd ware or of Brass it is always higher than it is broad broader in its middle than in its bottom and broader at the bottom than at the top and round in all its breadth by which description you see that it is not unlike a Gourd The head may be of the same matter as the body and sometimes of
Tongs put the head of it into this Brimstone which is in the sand presently the Brimstone will be in a flame therefore have ready a Glass-Bell well proportioned to the bigness of your Pan and with it cover your Pan as soon as the Brimstone begins to take fire and that you may lose nothing of the Vapour stop with Linen the junction of the Bell and Pan from this inflamed Sulphur will rise an abundance of white Vapours which will be converted part of them into acid Spirits which being received in the Pan impregnate the Water and part of them into yellow Flowers of Sulphur which will be found sticking to the sides of the Bell and Pan and will form a little skin upon the superflicies of the Water After a quarter of an hour the Vapours being ceased and condensed into Spirits and Flowers break that skin that the Water may be at liberty to re-impregnate it self with new Spirits at a second flagration then put another spoonful of Sulphur inflame it cover it and in a word do as before continuing this till all your Brimstone be spent When you have done there remains a muddy acid Water into which put all those Flowers of Brimstone which you find sticking to the sides of your Pan or Bell as likewise those that swim upon the Water put them all together into a Matrass of an ordinary size not luted which set upon a Salt-seller in the little Circulatory fire the Phlegm will be evaporated the Flowers will dissolve into the Spirit and the Spirit will wax black then with a wet clout take out your Retort and pour out your Liquor thus hot into a white Earthen Bason The Spirit being cool you 'll find in the bottom the Flowers congealed into a bright yellow lump By this method in one day out of four pound of Sulphur you may draw half an ounce of black Oyl and if you put an ounce of Water upon one dram of this Oyl mingling them well in a Matrass and then filtring them through a course Paper you may have that which is called the Spirit or Acid of Brimstone of a yellow bright transparent colour like Gold Or by another way do but evaporate the two thirds of your pound of Water impregnated with the Spirit of Brimstone and there will remain four ounces of a yellow inflegmated Spirit Obs 1. That we put sand into the little Earthen Cup lest the Brimstone inflamed should break it which it would do were it empty Obs 2. That Water is put into the Pan that the Spirits may be the better gathered without which they would be apt to be consumed to no purpose in the superficies and substance of the said Earthen Pan. Obs 3. That the Matrass in which the Evaporation is performed must be short-neck'd that the phlegm may the easilier evaporate therefore let it be two inches high Obs 4. That we pour the said Spirit hot into a white Basin and not into a glazed one lest it should corrode the Lead of the Vernish and so be weakned and loaden with a blackness which no filtration would be able to take away and the reason why we pour out the Liquor hot is because if we did let it cool the Brimstone would congeal into such a lump as could never be come by without breaking the Matrass Obs 5. That if by this method there is but little Spirit drawn from such a quantity of Sulphur yet by all the other processes you meet with in Authors you shall draw less It s virtue and use It cools and purifies the Blood resists Corruption appeases the Burning Feavers 'T is a very good preservative against the Plague taking three or four drops of it in a glass of water ever morning It is most excellent to touch Venereal Ulcers and Warts it dissolves Pearls and Corral It fixes Mercury but cannot dissolve him no more than the other Metals The Marks by which it is distinguished are the same by which Spirit of Vitriol is known from other Spirits but all the difficulty is to distinguish Spirit of Vitriol from Spirit of Sulphur Spirit of Wine TAke as much good Aqua vitae as will fill your Vesica or Copper body half full set it in a naked Circulatory fire fit to it its cover or Moors-head bordered with its Refrigeratory having before hand put into the Vesica's long neck five or six sponges held up by two sticks set a-cross and kept from falling down or rising up Then to the Moors-head Nose fit the moveable Pipe which shall join it with the long Brass Pipe that goes through the two Hogs-heads of water then starch on long slices of Paper upon all the conjunctions of the Pipes and over the Paper put cloth-ones which bind fast with pack-thread fit your Receiver of glass to the lower end of the long Brass Pipe that goes through the Hogs-heads set your Coals on fire and add some wood to them to make at first a great fire which may raise and distil your Spirit quickly In a very little time it will come not by drops but in a small stream like a Fountain In all the course of this Operation there must be singular care taken that the distillation be equal and moderate so that as soon as you perceive white vapours in the Recipient diminish your fire either by throwing ashes on it or taking a good deal of it away For these white Vapours are the Spirits which come in such an abundance that they have not had time to condense neither in the Moors-head nor in the long Pipe and therefore will easily scape out of your Receiver and so the best of your Spirit will be lost to no purpose besides whensoever the Distillation is performed in too big a stream though there be no Vapours yet diminish your fire But if it should come drop by drop then augment the heat you may take notice that the first quart that comes though excellent and pure yet it is not clear but muddy having contracted a foulness from the sides of the Vessel therefore throw it in again with a Tunnel by the little Pipe which on purpose is in the top of the Vesica and presently stop the said Pipe close with its Woodden stopper the Spirit that shall from henceforth be distilled will be clear and transparent By this method out of thirty quarts of good Aqua vitae you may draw eighteen quarts of good Spirit of Wine in a day and in one only Vesica You must observe often all along your Operation whether your Spirit be well deflegmated which try thus Put as much Gunpowder as you can take up with your two fore-fingers and your thumb into a little spoon which fill with Spirit of Wine then fire it with a Match or lighted Paper for if this Spirit take fire and burn blew till it be consumed and then fire the Gunpowder and that at last there be no mark of any moistness left in the spoon you may be sure your
should melt by the violent heat of the Fire and mingle with the Mars Obs 3. That we powder the said Mars while it is warm that we may powder it easilier and make a finer powder of it Obs 4. That we searce it through a Silk Sieve that so we may make it so impalpable as that in passing through the Stomach it leaves no hard gravelous substance that might offend the Coats of the Stomach or Intestines Obs 5. That the Astringent Saffron of Mars is nothing but Mars calcin'd Philosophically by Fire and Brimstone devested of its Salt by its dissolution in common Water then reverberated powdered and searsed to be reduced to an impalpable powder It s Vse and Vertues It is a powerful Astringent inwardly taken and exteriourly applied it stops the Bloody Flux the Hepatick Flux and all Diarrhaea's Its Dose is from half a dragm to two in some Conserve or Preserve or Bolus It stops likewise bleeding of the Nose by powdering some Cotton with this powder and filling the Nostrils with the Cotton thus powdered A Little TREATISE OF CHYMISTRY OR An Abridgement of the precedent TREATISE Of the Hermetick Lute TAke of Potters Earth Sand and Horse-dung equal quantity of each and knead them together with a little Water or Whites of Eggs to a soft lump this serves to make Bricks in a Mould to cement your Bricks in the structure of your Furnaces to lute your Vessels and to fill up the holes chinks and cracks of your Furnaces and Vessels Of Hermetick Furnaces AFurnace to distil with the Vesica covered with its Refrigeratory Waters Aromatick Essences and Spirit of Wine it has an Ash-hole a Fire-room and a Laboratory the Laboratory must be as high as the Vesica and half a finger in its circumference wider than the Vesica you must put Wood and Coals into the Fire-room A Furnace for a violent Reverberatory Fire serving to draw the Spirits and Oyls of Minerals and Metals in a glass or stone Retort luted or in an iron one it is like the precedent only the Laboratory must be of the height of the Retort and that there must be a gap to put the neck of the Retort out at and must have an inch in circumference more than the Retort then in the Operation you must add to it three Layes or Rounds of Bricks lesser still towards the top and fill the holes with pieces of Brick or Iron Wood and Coals are the materials of your Fire A Furnace for a Circulatory Fire and of Suppression serving to distil the Flegm Spirit and Oyl of Seeds Berries Woods Barks Roots c. in a stone or glass Retort luted it is built like the precedent only the Ash-hole and Fire-room are not separated from one another and that you must cover the top of your Furnace with an earthen Pan that has a hole in its middle Wood and Coals are your fuel A furnace for a Wheel Fire serving to sublime the Salts of Minerals and Metals in a Matrass of Glass luted it is made of two Rounds of Bricks without Cement or Lute leaving a little space between the Bricks You must put an earthen Bowl in the middle to set your Matrass on and kindled Coals round about it A Furnace for a Circulatory Fire and of Suppression serving to calcine and melt Minerals and Metals and to calcine Vegetables and Animals in Crucibles or great Pots of the same Earth It is made of two Rounds of unluted Bricks set at a little distance one from the other that the air may come in it is enough to make it two fingers above the Crucible when set in its earthen Bowl you must lay round about as high as the Vessel kindled Coals A Furnace for a Circulary Fire and of Suppression serving to distil Oyls acid Spirits and Flegms of Gums Rosins VVax in a glass Retort luted It is built as the precedent only there must be a place for the neck of the Retort to come out at The same Materials of VVood and Coals for your Fire A Furnace to distil in a Balneum Maris or Mariae or vaporous Bath all sorts of Liquors to evaporate the Extract of Salts and for all other Operations It is made of divers Layes of Bricks luted together there is in it an Ash-hole a Fire-room and a Laboratory and in the top of the Laboratory three little gaps to give a passage to the Flame You must put your Coals in the Fire-room and a Kettle with a brim in your Laboratory A Furnace for the Fire of Ashes or Sand wet or dry serving to distil and rectifie all sorts of Liquors and for Infusion Digestion Tinctures Evaporation c. It is made of an Oval Lay of Tiles and three other Oval Layes of crooked Bricks cemented with our Lute Plaster of Paris and Water so that the Oval Rounds grow wider as they rise higher and that there be in one end of the Oval a double door for the Ash-hole and Fire-room then building a square about the said Oval with broken Tiles and Mortar add one perfect Round of Bricks leaving a little gap over against the Fire-room-door then apply your iron plate and add two or three Rounds of Bricks more to make the Laboratory at last put upon the said iron Plate Ashes or Sand an inch thick A Wind-Furnace for violent Fusions is made by building a Furnace of a Circulary Fire and Suppression upon the bottom of a Hogshead in which bottom there is a hole as big as ones head which is covered with a Grate well cemented with Lute and Plaster The Hogshead must be knocked out at the lower end and elevated from the ground about half a foot Of Spirit of Wine TAke as much Brandy as you please put it into the Copper Vesica placed in its proper Furnace fit to it its cover or Moors-head bordered with its Refrigeratory then fit to the nose or pipe of the said cover and to the pipe of Copper that passes through two Hogsheads full of Water a little moveable pipe to joyn them together Light the Fire in the Furnace that serves to distil Aromatick Essences the Spirit will come in a stream This Spirit of Wine is not good to be taken inwardly if it be not rectified in a glass Cucurbite and Alembick the first is excellent for burnings the second is proper to dissolve Gums and Rofins to take inwardly and to draw their Tinctures and Extracts Of Salt of Tartar TAke of Tartar and Niter powdered equal parts mingle them and having put them into a glaz'd earthen Pan set fire to them with a red hot Iron stirring them continually till the Niter be consumed and the Tartar calcined It is aperitive and diuretick The Dose is from one to two dragms The Regulus of Antimony MIngle three pound of Male Antimony with one pound and an half of common Niter as much of Tartar four ounces and an half of powdered Charcoal put this mixtion by spoonfuls into a pot heated red-hot in a