to_o reduce_v acre_n into_o perch_n and_o the_o contrary_a 248._o 19_o the_o use_n of_o a_o scale_n of_o reduction_n necessary_a for_o find_v the_o fraction_n part_n of_o a_o acre_n 250_o 20._o divers_a compendious_a rule_n for_o the_o ready_a cast_v up_o of_o any_o plain_a superficies_n with_o divers_a other_o compendium_n in_o survey_v by_o the_o line_n of_o number_n 251._o 21._o of_o statute_n and_o customary_a measure_n to_o reduce_v one_o to_o the_o other_o at_o pleasure_n 254._o 22._o of_o the_o lay_n out_o of_o common_a field_n into_o furlong_n 255._o 23._o of_o hill_n and_o mountain_n how_o to_o find_v the_o length_n of_o the_o horizontall_a line_n on_o which_o they_o stand_v several_a way_n 257_o 24._o of_o mountainous_a and_o uneven_a ground_n how_o to_o protract_v or_o lay_v the_o same_o down_o in_o plano_fw-la after_o the_o best_a manner_n give_v the_o area_n or_o content_n thereof_o 258._o 25._o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o whole_a manner_n by_o the_o plain_a 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the_o angular_a point_n as_o in_o this_o figure_n when_o we_o say_v the_o angle_n abc_n you_o be_v to_o understand_v the_o very_a point_n at_o b_o and_o note_v also_o that_o the_o length_n of_o the_o side_n contain_v any_o angle_n as_o the_o side_n ab_fw-la and_z bc_n do_v not_o make_v the_o angle_n abc_n either_o great_a or_o lesser_a but_o the_o angle_n still_o retain_v the_o same_o quantity_n be_v the_o contain_v side_n thereof_o either_o long_o or_o short_a 9_o and_o if_o the_o line_n which_o contain_v the_o angle_n be_v right_a line_n then_o be_v it_o call_v a_o right_n line_v angle_n so_o the_o angle_n abc_n be_v a_o right_n line_v angle_n because_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la and_z bc_n which_o contain_v the_o say_a angle_n be_v right_a line_n and_o of_o right_n line_v angle_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n who_o definition_n follow_v 10._o when_o a_o right_a line_n stand_v upon_o a_o right_a line_n make_v the_o angle_n on_o either_o side_n equal_a then_o either_o of_o those_o angle_n 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that_o right_a angle_n but_o the_o angle_n abe_n also_o and_o therefore_o be_v obtuse_a 12._o a_o acute_a angle_n be_v less_o than_o a_o right_a angle_n so_o the_o angle_n ebb_v be_v a_o acute_a angle_n for_o it_o be_v less_o than_o the_o right_a angle_n abdella_n in_o which_o it_o be_v contain_v by_o the_o other_o acute_a angle_n abe_n 13._o a_o limit_n or_o term_n be_v the_o end_n of_o every_o thing_n as_o a_o point_n be_v the_o limit_n or_o term_v of_o a_o line_n because_o it_o be_v the_o end_n thereof_o so_o a_o line_n likewise_o be_v the_o limit_n and_o term_v of_o a_o superficies_n and_o a_o superficies_n be_v the_o limit_n and_o term_v of_o a_o body_n 14._o a_o figure_n be_v that_o which_o be_v contain_v under_o one_o limit_n or_o term_n or_o many_o as_o the_o figure_n a_o be_v contain_v under_o one_o limit_n or_o term_n which_o be_v the_o round_a line_n also_o the_o figure_n b_o be_v contain_v under_o three_o right_a line_n which_o be_v the_o limit_n or_o term_n thereof_o likewise_o the_o figure_n c_o be_v contain_v under_o four_o right_a line_n the_o figure_n e_o under_o five_o right_a line_n and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o figure_n ¶_o and_o here_o note_n that_o in_o the_o follow_a work_n we_o call_v any_o plain_a superficies_n who_o side_n be_v unequal_a as_o the_o figure_n e_z a_o plot_n as_o of_o a_o field_n wood_n park_n forrest_n and_o the_o like_a 15._o a_o circle_n be_v a_o plain_a figure_n contain_v under_o one_o line_n which_o be_v call_v a_o circumference_n unto_o which_o all_o line_n draw_v from_o one_o point_n within_o the_o figure_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o circumference_n thereof_o be_v equal_a one_o to_o the_o other_o as_o the_o figure_n abcde_v be_v a_o circle_n contain_v under_o the_o crooked_a line_n bcde_v which_o line_n be_v call_v the_o circumference_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o figure_n be_v a_o point_n a_o from_o which_o point_n all_o line_n draw_v to_o the_o circumference_n thereof_o be_v equal_a as_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la ac_fw-la of_o ad_fw-la and_o this_o point_n a_o be_v call_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n 16._o a_o diameter_n of_o a_o circle_n be_v a_o right_a line_n draw_v by_o the_o centre_n thereof_o and_o end_v at_o the_o circumference_n on_o either_o side_n divide_v the_o circle_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n so_o the_o line_n bid_v in_o the_o former_a figure_n be_v the_o diameter_n thereof_o because_o it_o pass_v from_o the_o point_n b_o on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o circumference_n to_o the_o point_n d_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o circumference_n and_o pass_v also_o by_o the_o point_n a_o which_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n and_o moreover_o it_o divide_v the_o circle_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n namely_o bcd_v be_v on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o diameter_n equal_a to_o bed_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o diameter_n and_o this_o observation_n be_v first_o make_v by_o thales_n miletius_n for_o say_v he_o if_o a_o line_n draw_v by_o the_o centre_n of_o any_o circle_n do_v not_o divide_v it_o equal_o all_o the_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o that_o circle_n to_o the_o circumference_n can_v be_v equal_a 17._o a_o semicircle_n be_v a_o figure_n contain_v under_o the_o diameter_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n cut_v off_o by_o the_o diameter_n as_o in_o the_o former_a circle_n the_o figure_n bed_n be_v a_o semicircle_n because_o it_o be_v contain_v of_o the_o right_a line_n bad_a which_o be_v the_o diameter_n and_o of_o the_o crooked_a line_n bed_n be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n which_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o diameter_n also_o the_o part_n bcd_n be_v a_o semicircle_n 18._o a_o section_n or_o portion_n of_o a_o circle_n be_v a_o figure_n contain_v under_o a_o right_a line_n and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n great_a or_o less_o than_o a_o semicircle_n so_o the_o figure_n abc_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n abc_n and_o the_o right_a line_n ac_fw-la be_v a_o 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four_o  _fw-fr 23._o all_o three_o side_v figure_n be_v call_v triangle_n and_o such_o be_v the_o triangle_n bcd_v 24._o of_o four_o side_v figure_n a_o quadrat_fw-la or_o square_n be_v that_o who_o side_n be_v equal_a and_o his_o angle_n right_a as_o the_o figure_n a._n 25._o a_o long_a square_n be_v that_o which_o have_v right_a angle_n but_o unequal_a side_n as_o the_o figure_n b_o 26._o a_o rhombus_fw-la be_v a_o figure_n have_v four_o equal_a side_n but_o not_o right_a angle_n as_o the_o figure_n c._n 27._o a_o rhomboide_n be_v a_o figure_n who_o opposite_a side_n be_v equal_a and_o who_o opposite_a angle_n be_v also_o equal_a but_o it_o have_v neither_o equal_a side_n nor_o equal_a angle_n as_o the_o figure_n d._n 28._o all_o other_o figure_n of_o four_o side_n beside_o these_o be_v call_v trapezias_n such_o be_v all_o figure_n of_o four_o side_n in_o which_o be_v observe_v no_o equality_n of_o side_n or_o angle_n as_o the_o figure_n a_o and_o b_o which_o have_v neither_o equal_a 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draw_v
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colour_n you_o must_v always_o work_v with_o one_o end_n of_o the_o chain_n from_o you_o this_o chain_n be_v thus_o divide_v and_o mark_v you_o have_v every_o whole_a pole_n equal_a to_o ten_o prime_n or_o 100_o second_o every_o three_o quarter_n of_o a_o pole_n equal_a to_o seven_o prime_n and_o a_o half_a or_o 75_o second_o every_o half_a pole_n equal_a to_o five_o prime_n or_o 50_o second_o and_o last_o every_o quarter_n of_o a_o pole_n equal_a to_o two_o prime_n and_o a_o half_a or_o 25_o second_o and_o here_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o the_o ordinary_a use_n of_o this_o chain_n for_o measure_v and_o plat_v you_o need_v take_v notice_n only_o of_o unite_v and_o prime_n which_o be_v exact_a enough_o for_o ordinary_a use_n but_o in_o case_n that_o separation_n or_o division_n of_o land_n into_o several_a part_n you_o may_v make_v use_n of_o second_o of_o mr._n gunter_n chain_n as_o every_o pole_n of_o master_n rathborn_v chain_n be_v divide_v into_o 100_o link_n so_o master_n 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not_o which_o end_n thereof_o be_v carry_v forward_o because_o the_o note_n of_o distinction_n proceed_v alike_o on_o both_o side_n from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o chain_n ¶_o here_o note_n that_o in_o all_o the_o example_n in_o this_o book_n the_o line_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v measure_v by_o this_o four_o pole_n chain_n of_o master_n gunter_n it_o be_v the_o best_a of_o any_o other_o the_o manner_n how_o to_o cast_v up_o the_o content_a of_o any_o plot_n measure_v therewith_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o teach_v in_o its_o due_a place_n caution_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o use_n of_o any_o chain_n in_o measure_v a_o large_a distance_n with_o your_o chain_n you_o may_v casual_o mistake_v or_o miss_v a_o chain_n or_o two_o in_o keep_v your_o account_n from_o whence_o will_v ensue_v a_o considerable_a error_n also_o in_o measure_v of_o distance_n when_o you_o go_v not_o along_o by_o a_o hedge_n side_n you_o can_v hardly_o keep_v your_o instrument_n chain_n and_o mark_v in_o a_o 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kind_n of_o stick_n by_o which_o stand_v at_o the_o instrument_n you_o may_v see_v whether_o your_o eye_n the_o stick_n and_o the_o mark_n to_o which_o you_o be_v to_o measure_n be_v in_o a_o right_a line_n or_o not_o and_o according_o guide_v those_o that_o carry_v the_o chain_n with_o the_o more_o exactness_n to_o direct_v it_o to_o the_o mark_v intend_v how_o to_o reduce_v any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n into_o foot_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o many_o geometrical_a conclusion_n as_o in_o the_o take_n of_o height_n and_o distance_n hereafter_o teach_v it_o be_v requisite_a to_o give_v your_o measure_n in_o such_o case_n in_o foot_n or_o yard_n and_o not_o in_o pole_n or_o perch_n yet_o because_o your_o chain_n be_v the_o most_o necessary_a instrument_n to_o measure_v withal_o i_o think_v it_o convenient_a in_o this_o place_n to_o show_v you_o how_o to_o reduce_v any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n into_o foot_n which_o be_v thus_o multiply_v your_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n together_o as_o one_o whole_a number_n by_o 66_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o product_n the_o two_o last_o figure_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n so_o shall_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o product_n be_v foot_n and_o the_o two_o figure_n cut_v off_o shall_v be_v hundred_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n example_n let_v it_o be_v require_v to_o know_v how_o many_o foot_n be_v contain_v in_o 5_o chain_n 32_o link_n first_o set_v down_o your_o 5_o chain_n 32_o link_n as_o be_v before_o teach_v and_o as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o first_o example_n with_o a_o comma_n between_o the_o chain_n and_o link_n then_o multiply_v this_o 5_o chain_n 32_o link_n by_o 66_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 35112_o from_o which_o cut_v off_o the_o two_o last_o figure_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n with_o a_o comma_n then_o will_v the_o number_n be_v 351,12_o which_o be_v 351_o foot_n and_o 12_o 100_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n and_o so_o many_o foot_n be_v contain_v in_o 5_o chain_n 32_o link_n example_n i._n 5,32_o 66_o 3192_o 3192_o 351,12_o example_n ii_o 9,05_o 66_o 5430_o 5430_o 597,30_o but_o let_v the_o number_n of_o chain_n be_v what_o they_o will_v if_o the_o number_n of_o link_n be_v less_o than_o 10_o as_o in_o the_o second_o example_n it_o be_v 9_o chain_n 5_o link_n you_o must_v place_v a_o cypher_n before_o the_o five_o link_n as_o there_o you_o see_v and_o then_o multiply_v that_o number_n viz._n 9,05_o by_o 66_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 59730_o from_o which_o take_v the_o two_o last_o figure_n there_o will_v remain_v 597_o foot_n and_o â—…_n 100_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v for_o any_o other_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n whatsoever_o according_a to_o these_o example_n be_v make_v the_o table_n follow_v which_o show_v how_o many_o foot_n be_v contain_v in_o any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n from_o 5_o link_n to_o 10_o chain_n for_o every_o five_o link_n which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o ordinary_a use_n by_o which_o table_n you_o may_v see_v that_o in_o 6_o chain_n 40_o link_n be_v contain_v 422_o foot_n and_o 40_o 100_o of_o a_o foot_n also_o in_o 5_o chain_n 55_o link_n be_v contain_v 366_o foot_n and_o 30_o 100_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n and_o so_o of_o any_o other_o a_o table_n show_v how_o many_o foot_n and_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n be_v contain_v in_o any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n between_o five_o link_n and_o eight_o chain_n  _fw-fr 0_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 0_o  _fw-fr 66,00_o 132,00_o 198,00_o 264,00_o 330,00_o 396,00_o 462,00_o 5_o 3,30_o 69,30_o 135,30_o 201,30_o 267,30_o 333,30_o 399,30_o 465,30_o 10_o 6,60_o 72,60_o 138,60_o 204,60_o 270,60_o 336,60_o 402,60_o
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lay_v the_o three_o board_n thereof_o together_o and_o also_o the_o ledge_n at_o each_o end_n thereof_o in_o their_o due_a plaâ—…â—ccording_v as_o they_o be_v mark_v then_o lay_v a_o sheet_n of_o white_a paper_n 〈◊〉_d over_o the_o table_n which_o must_v be_v stretch_v over_o all_o the_o board_n by_o put_v on_o the_o frame_n which_o bind_v both_o the_o paper_n to_o the_o board_n and_o the_o board_v one_o to_o another_o then_o screw_v the_o socket_n on_o the_o back_n side_n of_o the_o table_n and_o also_o the_o box_n and_o needle_n in_o its_o due_a place_n the_o metidian_a line_n of_o the_o card_n which_o be_v in_o the_o box_n lie_v parallel_n to_o the_o meridian_n or_o diameter_n of_o the_o table_n which_o diameter_n be_v a_o right_a line_n draw_v upon_o the_o table_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o degree_n through_o the_o centre_n and_o so_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o degree_n then_o put_v the_o socket_n upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o staff_n and_o there_o screw_v it_o also_o put_v 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you_o must_v understand_v that_o when_o i_o mention_v the_o plain_a table_n or_o perform_v any_o work_n thereby_o that_o i_o mean_v the_o table_n when_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o sheet_n of_o paper_n upon_o which_o all_o observation_n of_o angle_n that_o be_v take_v upon_o the_o table_n in_o the_o field_n do_v agree_v exact_o in_o proportion_n with_o those_o of_o the_o field_n itself_o but_o be_v not_o denominate_v by_o their_o quantity_n but_o by_o their_o symmetry_n or_o proportion_n second_o when_o i_o mention_v the_o theodolite_a or_o work_v by_o that_o instrument_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v the_o theodolite_a before_o describe_v in_o the_o 2_o chapter_n of_o the_o 2_o book_n but_o i_o mean_v the_o degree_n describe_v
a_o line_n into_o such_o equal_a part_n so_o that_o your_o stationarie_a distance_n kl_n may_v contain_v 800_o of_o they_o your_o scale_n be_v thus_o make_v take_v in_o your_o compass_n the_o distance_n between_o any_o two_o mark_n or_o place_n here_o describe_v and_o apply_v it_o to_o your_o scale_n so_o shall_v it_o exact_o show_v you_o the_o true_a distance_n between_o the_o two_o place_n so_o take_v in_o the_o same_o part_n as_o the_o the_o line_n kl_n be_v divide_v in_o this_o manner_n may_v you_o with_o speed_n and_o exactness_n attein_v the_o true_a distance_n and_o situation_n of_o any_o mark_n or_o mark_n far_o remote_a without_o approach_v near_o any_o of_o they_o and_o thus_o in_o overgrow_a land_n where_o you_o can_v neither_o go_v about_o it_o nor_o measure_n within_o it_o this_o chapter_n will_v be_v of_o excellent_a use_n chap._n xvi_o how_o to_o take_v the_o true_a plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n take_v within_o the_o same_o field_n so_o that_o from_o thence_o you_o may_v see_v all_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o same_o field_n by_o the_o plain_a table_n when_o you_o enter_v any_o field_n to_o survey_v your_o first_o work_n must_v be_v to_o set_v up_o some_o visible_a mark_n at_o each_o angle_n thereof_o or_o let_v one_o go_v continual_o before_o you_o to_o every_o angle_n hold_v up_o a_o white_a cloth_n or_o the_o like_a to_o direct_v you_o which_o be_v do_v make_v choice_n of_o some_o convenient_a place_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o field_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v behold_v all_o your_o mark_n and_o there_o place_v your_o table_n cover_v with_o a_o sheet_n of_o paper_n the_o needle_n hang_v direct_o over_o the_o meridian_n line_n of_o the_o card_n which_o you_o must_v always_o have_v regard_n unto_o especial_o when_o you_o be_v to_o survey_v many_o field_n together_o then_o make_v a_o mark_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o your_o paper_n which_o shall_v represent_v that_o part_n of_o the_o field_n where_o your_o table_n stand_v 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middle_n of_o the_o field_n as_o at_o l_o from_o whence_o you_o may_v behold_v all_o the_o mark_n before_o place_v in_o the_o several_a angle_n and_o there_o place_v your_o table_n then_o turn_v your_o instrument_n about_o till_o the_o needle_n hang_v over_o the_o meridian_n line_n of_o the_o card_n the_o north_n end_n of_o which_o line_n be_v note_v with_o a_o flower-de-luce_n and_o be_v represent_v in_o this_o figure_n by_o the_o line_n n_v your_o table_n be_v thus_o place_v with_o a_o sheet_n of_o paper_n thereupon_o make_v a_o mark_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o your_o table_n which_o shall_v represent_v that_o place_n in_o the_o field_n where_o your_o table_n stand_v then_o apply_v your_o index_n to_o this_o point_n direct_v the_o sight_n to_o the_o first_o mark_n at_o a_o and_o the_o index_n rest_v there_o draw_v a_o line_n by_o the_o side_n thereof_o to_o the_o point_n l_o then_o with_o your_o chain_n measure_v the_o distance_n from_o l_o the_o place_n where_o your_o table_n stand_v to_o a_o your_o first_o mark_n which_o suppose_v to_o be_v 8_o chain_n 10_o link_n then_o take_v 8_o chain_n 10_o link_n from_o any_o scale_n and_o set_v that_o distance_n upon_o your_o table_n from_o l_o to_o a_o and_o at_o a_o make_v a_o mark_n then_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o b_o your_o second_o mark_n draw_v a_o line_n by_o the_o side_n of_o your_o index_n as_o before_o and_o measure_v the_o distance_n from_o your_o table_n at_o l_o to_o your_o mark_n at_o b_o which_o suppose_v 8_o chain_n 75_o link_n this_o distance_n must_v be_v take_v from_o your_o scale_n and_o set_v upon_o your_o table_n from_o l_o to_o b_o and_z at_z b_o make_v another_o mark_n then_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o the_o three_o mark_n c_o and_o draw_v a_o line_n by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o index_n measure_v the_o distance_n from_o l_o to_o c_o which_o suppose_v 10_o chain_n 65_o link_n this_o distance_n be_v take_v from_o your_o scale_n and_o apply_v to_o your_o table_n from_o l_o to_o c_o shall_v give_v you_o the_o point_n c_o represent_v your_o three_o mark_n in_o this_o manner_n you_o must_v deal_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mark_n at_o d_o e_z and_o f_o and_o more_o if_o the_o field_n have_v consist_v of_o more_o angle_n last_o when_o you_o have_v make_v observation_n of_o all_o the_o mark_n round_o the_o field_n and_o find_v the_o point_n a_o b_o c_o d_o e_o and_o f_o upon_o your_o table_n you_o must_v draw_v line_n frnm_fw-la one_o point_n to_o another_o till_o you_o conclude_v where_o you_o first_o begin_v as_o draw_v a_o line_n from_o a_o to_o b_o from_z b_o to_z c_z from_z c_z to_z d_o from_z d_o to_z e_z from_z e_z to_o f_o and_o from_o f_o to_o a_o where_o you_o begin_v then_o will_v abcdef_n be_v the_o exact_a figure_n of_o your_o field_n the_o side_n and_o angle_n of_o the_o say_a figure_n bear_v a_o exact_a proportion_n to_o those_o in_o the_o field_n and_o the_o line_n n_n in_o this_o and_o the_o follow_a figure_n always_o represent_v the_o meridian_n line_n chap._n xvii_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n take_v in_o the_o middle_n thereof_o by_o the_o theodolite_a place_v mark_n at_o the_o several_a angle_n of_o the_o field_n as_o before_o and_o make_v choice_n of_o some_o convenient_a place_n about_o the_o middle_n thereof_o as_o l_o from_o whence_o you_o may_v see_v all_o the_o mark_n and_o there_o place_v your_o instrument_n the_o needle_n hang_v direct_o over_o the_o meridian_n line_n in_o the_o card._n this_o do_v direct_v your_o sight_n to_o the_o first_o mark_n at_o a_o note_v what_o degree_n the_o index_n cut_v which_o let_v be_v 36_o degree_n 45_o minute_n these_o 36_o degree_n 45_o minute_n must_v be_v note_v down_o in_o your_o field-book_n in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o column_n thereof_o then_o measure_v the_o distance_n from_o l_o the_o place_n of_o your_o instrument_n to_o a_o your_o first_o mark_n which_o let_v contain_v 8_o chain_n 10_o link_n these_o 8_o chain_n 10_o link_n must_v be_v place_v in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o column_n of_o your_o field-book_n as_o have_v be_v direct_v in_o the_o description_n thereof_o then_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o b_o your_o second_o mark_n and_o note_v the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o index_n which_o let_v be_v 99_o degree_n 15_o minute_n and_o the_o distance_n lb_n 8_o chain_n 75_o link_n the_o 99_o degree_n 15_o minute_n must_v be_v note_v in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o column_n of_o your_o field-book_n and_o the_o 8_o chain_n 75_o link_n in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o column_n then_o direct_v your_o sight_n to_o c_o your_o three_o mark_n and_o note_v the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o index_n which_o let_v be_v 163_o degree_n 15_o minute_n and_o let_v the_o distance_n lc_n be_v 10_o chain_n 65_o link_n the_o 163_o degree_n 15_o minute_n must_v be_v note_v in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o column_n of_o your_o field-book_n and_o the_o 10_o chain_n 65_o link_n in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o column_n thereof_o then_o direct_v your_o sight_n to_o d_o your_o four_o mark_n and_o note_v the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o index_n which_o let_v be_v 212_o degree_n ¶_o and_o here_o you_o must_v note_v that_o in_o use_v the_o degree_n on_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o table_n that_o after_o the_o index_n have_v pass_v 180_o degree_n which_o be_v at_o the_o line_n n_v represent_v always_o the_o meridian_n line_n you_o must_v then_o count_v the_o degree_n backward_o according_a as_o they_o be_v number_v on_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o table_n from_o 190_o to_o 360._o then_o measure_v the_o distance_n ld_n which_o let_v be_v 8_o chain_n 53_o link_n the_o 212_o degree_n must_v be_v note_v in_o
and_o in_o protract_v you_o must_v turn_v the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o protractor_n the_o contrary_a way_n to_o what_o you_o do_v in_o protract_v of_o other_o angle_n chap._n xxxiv_o how_o to_o know_v whether_o you_o have_v take_v the_o angle_n of_o a_o field_n true_o in_o go_v round_o about_o the_o same_o with_o the_o theodolite_a as_o in_o chap._n 33_o whereby_o you_o may_v know_v whether_o your_o plot_n will_v close_v or_o not_o the_o side_n be_v true_o measure_v have_v make_v observation_n of_o all_o the_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n with_o your_o instrument_n and_o note_v they_o down_o in_o your_o field-book_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o chap._n 32._o collect_v the_o quantity_n of_o all_o the_o angle_n find_v at_o your_o several_a observation_n into_o one_o sum_n and_o multiply_v 180_o degree_n by_o a_o number_n less_o by_o two_o then_o the_o number_n of_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n and_o if_o the_o product_n of_o this_o multiplication_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o total_a sum_n of_o your_o angle_n then_o be_v your_o work_n true_a otherwise_o not_o example_n in_o the_o work_n of_o the_o 32_o chap._n the_o angle_v find_v be_v as_o in_o the_o margin_n the_o sum_n of_o they_o be_v 900_o degree_n 00_o minute_n now_o because_o the_o field_n consist_v of_o 7_o angle_n you_o must_v therefore_o multiply_v 180_o degree_n by_o 5_o which_o be_v a_o number_n less_o by_o two_o then_o the_o number_n of_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n and_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 900_o deg_fw-la min._n 130_o 00_o 120_o 30_o 137_o 30_o 120_o 30_o 121_o 30_o 126_o 30_o 143_o 30_o 900_o 00_o which_o exact_o agree_v with_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o the_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n as_o you_o find_v they_o by_o observation_n you_o may_v conclude_v that_o your_o work_n be_v exact_o perform_v chap._n xxxv_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o any_o wood_n park_n or_o other_o large_a champion_n plain_a by_o go_v about_o the_o same_o and_o make_v observation_n at_o every_o angle_n thereof_o by_o the_o circumferentor_n suppose_v then_o that_o abcdefghk_n be_v a_o large_a field_n or_o other_o enclosure_n to_o be_v plot_v by_o the_o circumferentor_n 1._o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o a_o the_o flower-de-luce_n towards_o you_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o b_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o needle_n cut_v 191_o degree_n and_o the_o ditch_n wall_n or_o hedge_n ab_fw-la contain_v 10_o chain_n 75_o link_n the_o degree_n cut_v and_o the_o line_n measure_v must_v be_v note_v down_o in_o your_o field-book_n as_o in_o the_o forego_n example_n 2._o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o b_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o c_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o needle_n cut_v 279_o degree_n and_o the_o line_n bc_n contain_v 6_o chain_n 83_o link_n which_o note_v down_o in_o your_o field-book_n as_o before_o 3._o place_v the_o instrument_n at_o c_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o d_o the_o needle_n cut_v 216_o degree_n 30_o minute_n and_o the_o line_n cd_o contain_v 7_o chain_n 82_o link_n 4._o place_v the_o instrument_n at_o d_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o e_o the_o needle_z cut_v 325_o degree_n and_o the_o line_n de_fw-fr contain_v 6_o chain_n 96_o link_n 5._o place_v the_o instrument_n at_o e_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o f_o the_o needle_n cut_v 12_o degree_n 30_o minute_n and_o the_o line_n of_o contain_v 9_o chain_n 71_o link_n 6._o place_v the_o instrument_n at_o f_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o g_o the_o needle_n cut_v 342_o degree_n 30_o minute_n and_o the_o line_n fg_v contain_v 7_o chain_n 54_o link_n 7._o place_v the_o instrument_n at_o g_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o h_n the_o needle_n cut_v 98_o degree_n 30_o minute_n and_o the_o line_n gh_o contain_v 7_o chain_n 52_o link_n 8._o place_v the_o instrument_n at_o h_n and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o k_o the_o needle_n cut_v 71_o degree_n and_o the_o line_n hk_v contain_v 7_o chain_n 78_o link_n 9_o place_v the_o instrument_n at_o k_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o a_o where_o you_o begin_v the_o needle_n cut_v 161_o degree_n 30_o minute_n and_o the_o line_n ka_o contain_v 8_o chain_n 22_o link_n have_v go_v round_o the_o field_n in_o this_o manner_n and_o collect_v the_o degree_n cut_v and_o the_o line_n measure_v in_o the_o several_a column_n of_o your_o field_n book_n according_a to_o former_a direction_n you_o shall_v find_v they_o to_o stand_v as_o follow_v by_o which_o you_o may_v protract_v and_o draw_v the_o plot_n of_o your_o field_n as_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n  _fw-fr degree_n minute_n chain_n link_n a_o 191_o 00_o 10_o 75_o b_o 279_o 00_o 6_o 83_o c_o 216_o 30_o 7_o 82_o d_o 325_o 00_o 6_o 96_o e_z 12_o 30_o 9_o 71_o f_o 342_o 30_o 7_o 54_o g_z 98_o 30_o 7_o 54_o h_n 71_o 00_o 7_o 78_o k_o 161_o 30_o 8_o 22_o in_o go_v about_o a_o field_n in_o this_o manner_n you_o may_v perceive_v a_o wonderful_a quick_a dispatch_n for_o you_o be_v only_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o degree_n cut_v once_o at_o every_o angle_n and_o not_o to_o use_v any_o back-sight_n as_o in_o the_o before_o go_v work_n of_o the_o theodolite_a but_o to_o use_v back-sight_n with_o the_o circumferentor_n be_v best_a for_o to_o confirm_v your_o work_n for_o when_o you_o stand_v at_o any_o angle_n of_o a_o field_n and_o direct_v your_o sight_n to_o the_o next_o and_o observe_v what_o degree_n the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o needle_n cut_v if_o you_o remove_v your_o instrument_n from_o this_o angle_n to_o the_o next_o and_o look_v to_o the_o mark_n or_o angle_v where_o it_o last_o stand_v with_o your_o back-sight_n the_o needle_n will_v there_o also_o cut_v the_o same_o degree_n as_o before_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v and_o may_v be_v without_o much_o loss_n of_o time_n so_o the_o instrument_n be_v place_v at_o a_o if_o you_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o b_o you_o shall_v find_v the_o needle_n to_o cut_v 191_o degree_n then_o remove_v your_o instrument_n to_o b_o if_o you_o direct_v the_o back-sight_n to_o a_o the_o needle_n will_v then_o also_o cut_v 191_o degree_n now_o for_o dispatch_n and_o exactness_n if_o the_o needle_n be_v good_a the_o card_n well_o divide_v and_o the_o degree_n by_o a_o good_a eye_n true_o estimate_v the_o circumferentor_n for_o large_a and_o spacious_a ground_n be_v as_o good_a as_o any_o and_o therefore_o observe_v well_o the_o manner_n of_o protract_v chap._n xxxvi_o how_o to_o protract_v any_o observation_n take_v by_o the_o circumferentor_n according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o last_o chapter_n according_a to_o the_o largeness_n of_o your_o plot_n provide_v a_o sheet_n of_o paper_n or_o skin_n of_o parchment_n as_o lmno_n upon_o which_o draw_v the_o line_n lm_o and_o parallel_v thereto_o draw_v divers_a other_o line_n quite_o through_o the_o whole_a paper_n or_o parchment_n as_o the_o prick_a line_n in_o the_o figure_n draw_v between_o lm_o and_o no_o and_o let_v the_o distance_n of_o each_o of_o these_o parallel_v one_o from_o another_o be_v somewhat_o less_o than_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o scale_n of_o your_o protractor_n these_o parallel_a line_n thus_o draw_v do_v represent_v meridian_n and_o be_v hereafter_o so_o call_v upon_o one_o or_o other_o of_o these_o line_n or_o parallel_n to_o one_o of_o they_o the_o meridian_n line_n of_o your_o protractor_n note_v in_o the_o figure_n thereof_o pa._n 51_o with_o of_o must_v always_o be_v lay_v when_o you_o protract_v any_o observation_n take_v by_o the_o circumferentor_n as_o in_o the_o chapter_n before_o go_v your_o paper_n or_o parchment_n be_v thus_o prepare_v assign_v any_o point_n upon_o any_o of_o the_o meridian_n as_o a_o upon_o which_o point_n place_n the_o centre_n of_o your_o protractor_n lay_v the_o meridian_n line_n thereof_o just_a upon_o the_o meridian_n line_n draw_v upon_o your_o paper_n as_o you_o see_v it_o lie_v in_o the_o figure_n annex_v then_o look_v in_o your_o field-book_n what_o degree_n the_o needle_n cut_v at_o a_o which_o be_v 191_o degree_n now_o because_o the_o degree_n be_v more_o than_o 180_o you_o must_v therefore_o lay_v the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o protractor_n downward_o and_o hold_v it_o there_o with_o your_o protract_n pin_n make_v a_o mark_n against_o 191_o degree_n through_o which_o point_n from_o a_o draw_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la which_o contain_v 10_o chain_n 75_o link_n 2._o lay_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o protractor_n on_o the_o point_n b_o with_o the_o meridian_n line_n thereof_o parallel_v to_o one_o of_o the_o prick_v meridian_n draw_v upon_o the_o paper_n and_o see_v the_o degree_n cut_v at_o b_o be_v more_o than_o 180_o viz._n 279_o therefore_o the_o semicircle_n must_v lie_v downward_o and_o so_o hold_v it_o make_v a_o mark_n against_o 279_o degree_n
and_o through_o it_o draw_v the_o line_n bc_n contain_v 6_o chain_n 83_o link_n 3._o place_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o protractor_n on_o the_o point_n c_o the_o meridian_n line_n thereof_o lie_v parallel_n to_o one_o of_o the_o prick_v meridian_n draw_v on_o the_o paper_n than_o the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o needle_n at_o your_o three_o observation_n at_o c_o being_n above_o 180_o namely_o 216_o degree_n 30_o minute_n therefore_o must_v the_o semicircle_n lie_v downward_o then_o make_v a_o mark_n against_o 216_o degree_n 30_o minute_n through_o it_o draw_v the_o line_n cd_o contain_v 7_o chain_n 82_o link_n 4._o lay_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o protractor_n upon_o the_o point_n d_o the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o needle_n at_o that_o angle_n be_v 325_o which_o be_v above_o 180_o lay_v the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o protractor_n downward_o and_o against_o 325_o degree_n make_v a_o mark_n with_o your_o protract_n pin_n through_o which_o point_n and_o the_o angle_n d_o draw_v the_o line_n de_fw-fr make_v it_o to_o contain_v 6_o chain_n 96_o link_n 5._o remove_v your_o protractor_n to_o e_o lay_v the_o meridian_n line_n thereof_o upon_o or_o parallel_n to_o one_o of_o the_o meridian_n draw_v upon_o your_o paper_n and_o because_o the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o needle_n at_o this_o angle_n be_v less_o than_o 180_o namely_o 12_o degree_n 30_o minute_n therefore_o lay_v the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o protractor_n upward_o and_o make_v a_o mark_n against_o 12_o degree_n 30_o minute_n through_o which_o draw_v the_o line_n of_o contain_v 9_o chain_n 71_o link_n 6._o lay_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o protractor_n upon_o the_o point_n f_o and_o because_o the_o degree_n to_o be_v protract_v be_v above_o 180_o viz._n 342_o degree_n 30_o minute_n lay_v the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o protractor_n downward_o and_o make_v a_o mark_n against_o 342_o degree_n 30_o minute_n draw_v the_o line_n fg_v which_o contain_v 7_o chain_n 54_o link_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n must_v you_o protract_v all_o the_o other_o angle_n g_o h_o and_o k_o and_o more_o if_o the_o field_n have_v consist_v of_o more_o angle_n always_o observe_v this_o for_o a_o general_a rule_n to_o lay_v the_o meridian_n line_n of_o the_o protractor_n upon_o or_o parallel_n to_o one_o of_o the_o meridian_n draw_v upon_o your_o paper_n which_o the_o small_a division_n at_o each_o end_n of_o the_o scale_n of_o the_o protractor_n will_v help_v you_o to_o do_v and_o if_o the_o degree_n you_o be_v to_o protract_v be_v less_o than_o 180_o as_o those_o at_o g_z h_n and_o k_n be_v to_o lay_v the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o protractor_n upward_o or_o from_o you_o and_o if_o they_o be_v above_o 180_o degree_n as_o those_o at_o a_o b_o c_o and_o d_o be_v to_o lay_v the_o semicircle_n downward_o as_o you_o see_v do_v in_o the_o figure_n chap._n xxxvii_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o any_o park_n forrest_n chase_n wood_n ot_fw-mi other_o large_a champion_n plain_a by_o the_o index_n and_o needle_n together_o with_o the_o degree_n on_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o table_n most_o commodious_o supply_v the_o use_n of_o the_o peractor_n the_o use_n of_o the_o plain_a table_n theodolite_n and_o circumferentor_n have_v be_v sufficient_o teach_v in_o the_o precede_a chapter_n and_o their_o agreement_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o practice_n full_o intimate_v so_o that_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o deliver_v that_o for_o some_o kind_n of_o work_n one_o instrument_n be_v better_a than_o another_o and_o for_o large_a and_o spacious_a business_n the_o circumferentor_n be_v the_o best_a the_o needle_n be_v good_a and_o no_o impediment_n near_o to_o hinder_v the_o play_v or_o virtue_n thereof_o there_o be_v only_o this_o objection_n to_o be_v make_v against_o it_o viz._n that_o the_o degree_n in_o the_o card_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o small_a that_o they_o can_v be_v true_o estimate_v and_o so_o may_v occasion_v the_o great_a error_n in_o protraction_n for_o the_o salve_v of_o this_o grand_a inconvenience_n master_n rathborn_a have_v a_o contrivance_n in_o his_o book_n of_o survey_v by_o a_o instrument_n which_o he_o call_v a_o peractor_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o theodolite_a only_o the_o box_n and_o needle_n be_v so_o fit_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o instrument_n that_o when_o the_o instrument_n be_v fix_v in_o any_o position_n whatsoever_o the_o index_n may_v be_v turn_v about_o and_o yet_o the_o box_n and_o needle_n remain_v immovable_a the_o benefit_n of_o this_o contrivance_n be_v that_o whereas_o in_o the_o circumferentor_n the_o degree_n be_v cut_v by_o the_o needle_n here_o the_o same_o degree_n be_v cut_v by_o the_o index_n and_o therefore_o be_v large_a the_o use_n whereof_o be_v thus_o place_v the_o peractor_n at_o any_o angle_n of_o a_o field_n and_o turn_v it_o about_o till_o the_o needle_n hang_v direct_o over_o the_o meridian_n line_n in_o the_o card_n then_o fix_v the_o instrument_n there_o and_o turn_v the_o index_n about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v the_o mark_n or_o angle_v you_o will_v look_v at_o then_o shall_v the_o index_n cut_v the_o same_o degree_n and_o minute_n upon_o the_o limb_n of_o the_o peractor_n as_o the_o needle_n will_v have_v cut_v upon_o the_o card_n of_o the_o circumferentor_n if_o use_v as_o be_v before_o teach_v yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o contrivance_n you_o see_v you_o must_v be_v behold_v to_o the_o needle_n the_o convenience_n only_o be_v that_o the_o degree_n which_o you_o be_v to_o note_v in_o your_o field-book_n be_v large_a upon_o the_o limb_n of_o the_o instrument_n then_o in_o the_o card_n which_o i_o confess_v be_v something_o considerable_a let_v abcde_v be_v a_o field_n to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o index_n and_o needle_n on_o the_o plain_a table_n supply_v the_o use_n of_o the_o peractor_n 1._o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o a_o lay_v the_o index_n and_o sight_n with_o the_o box_n and_o needle_n screw_v thereto_o upon_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o table_n than_o the_o index_n so_o lie_v turn_v the_o whole_a instrument_n about_o till_o the_o needle_n hang_v direct_o over_o the_o meridian_n line_n in_o the_o card_n then_o screw_v the_o instrument_n fast_o and_o turn_v the_o index_n about_o upon_o the_o centre_n till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v your_o second_o angle_n at_o b_o than_o you_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o needle_n will_v cut_v upon_o the_o card_n in_o the_o box_n about_o 218_o degree_n and_o the_o index_n at_o the_o same_o time_n upon_o the_o table_n will_v cut_v 218_o degree_n 10_o minute_n which_o must_v be_v note_v down_o in_o your_o field_n book_n as_o have_v be_v several_a time_n before_o teach_v and_o measure_v the_o distance_n ab_fw-la 9_o chain_n 65_o link_n which_o you_o must_v note_v down_o in_o your_o field-book_n also_o ¶_o by_o this_o you_o may_v see_v the_o convenience_n of_o count_v the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o index_n rather_o than_o by_o the_o needle_n as_o here_o you_o see_v 10_o minute_n be_v lose_v in_o estimation_n which_o the_o index_n give_v more_o precise_o nay_o sometime_o you_o may_v possible_o miss_v half_a or_o a_o whole_a degree_n by_o the_o needle_n 2._o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o b_o lay_v the_o index_n on_o the_o diameter_n thereof_o and_o turn_v the_o instrument_n about_o till_o the_o needle_n hang_v over_o the_o meridian_n line_n in_o the_o card_n then_o fix_v the_o instrument_n there_o turn_v the_o index_n and_o sight_n to_o c_o so_fw-mi shall_v both_o the_o needle_n in_o the_o box_n and_o the_o index_n on_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o table_n cut_v 298_o degree_n 30_o minute_n and_o measure_v the_o distance_n bc_n you_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o contain_v 9_o chain_n 28_o link_n the_o degree_n and_o minute_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n measure_v must_v be_v note_v down_o in_o your_o field-book_n as_o before_o 3._o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o c_o and_o lay_v the_o index_n and_o sight_n upon_o the_o diameter_n thereof_o then_o turn_v the_o instrument_n about_o till_o the_o needle_n hang_v over_o the_o meridian_n line_n then_o fix_v it_o there_o turn_v the_o index_n about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v the_o four_o angle_n at_o d_o then_o will_v both_o the_o needle_n and_o index_n cut_v 15_o degree_n 40_o minute_n these_o degree_n and_o minute_n with_o the_o measure_a distance_n cd_o 5_o chain_n 70_o link_n must_v be_v set_v down_o in_o your_o field-book_n 4._o your_o instrument_n be_v place_v at_o d_o with_o the_o index_n on_o the_o diameter_n thereof_o turn_v it_o about_o till_o the_o needle_n hang_v over_o the_o meridian_n line_n and_o there_o fix_v it_o turn_v the_o index_n about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o see_v the_o next_o angle_n at_o e_o then_o
several_a parcel_n in_o this_o kind_n you_o will_v have_v use_n only_o of_o your_o chain_n then_o when_o you_o begin_v your_o work_n you_o must_v first_o write_v the_o name_n of_o the_o field_n and_o in_o the_o first_o column_n of_o your_o book_n or_o paper_n you_o must_v write_v the_o tenant_n name_n and_o the_o tenor_n by_o which_o he_o hold_v the_o same_o from_o what_o place_n you_o begin_v to_o measure_v and_o upon_o what_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n you_o pass_v from_o thence_o and_o observe_v this_o direction_n in_o all_o the_o rest_n you_o may_v if_o need_v require_v bind_v every_o parcel_n this_o be_v note_v in_o your_o book_n observe_v the_o species_n or_o shape_n of_o the_o furlong_n whether_o it_o be_v all_o of_o one_o length_n or_o not_o if_o of_o one_o length_n than_o you_o need_v take_v the_o length_n thereof_o but_o once_o for_o all_o but_o if_o it_o be_v irregular_a that_o be_v in_o some_o place_n short_a and_o in_o other_o long_o than_o you_o must_v take_v the_o length_n thereof_o at_o every_o second_o or_o three_o breadth_n and_o express_v the_o same_o in_o your_o book_n under_o the_o title_n of_o length_n as_o for_o the_o express_v of_o the_o several_a breadth_n you_o need_v but_o to_o cross_v over_o the_o whole_a furlong_n take_v every_o man_n breadth_n by_o the_o middle_n thereof_o and_o enter_v the_o same_o as_o you_o pass_v along_o but_o in_o case_n there_o be_v a_o considerable_a difference_n at_o either_o end_n than_o i_o will_v advise_v you_o to_o take_v the_o breadth_n at_o either_o end_n and_o add_v they_o together_o into_o one_o sum_n then_o take_v the_o half_a of_o that_o sum_n for_o your_o mean_a or_o true_a breadth_n and_o enter_v it_o in_o your_o book_n or_o paper_n under_o the_o title_n of_o breadth_n in_o this_o manner_n you_o may_v proceed_v from_o one_o furlong_n to_o another_o till_o you_o have_v go_v through_o the_o whole_a field_n which_o when_o you_o have_v do_v and_o note_v down_o the_o several_a length_n and_o breadth_n in_o your_o book_n you_o may_v multiply_v the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o every_o parcel_n together_o as_o be_v teach_v before_o and_o so_o shall_v you_o have_v the_o quantity_n of_o every_o parcel_n by_o itself_o which_o quantity_n must_v be_v note_v down_o in_o the_o three_o last_o column_n of_o your_o book_n as_o in_o the_o follow_a example_n appear_v mordon_n field_n the_o tenant_n name_n and_o tenor_n length_n breadth_n content_a c._n l._n c._n l._n a._n r._n p._n abel_n johnson_n from_o the_o pond_n s_o e._n free_a 32_o 76_o 3_o 45_o 11_o 1_o 12_o nicholas_n somes_n for_o three_o life_n 30_o 12_o 2_o 63_o 7_o 3_o 30_o robert_n dorton_n for_o life_n 28_o 60_o 8_o 12_o 23_o 0_o 36_o james_n norden_n at_o will._n 25_o 11_o 12_o 35_o 31_o 0_o 2_o chap._n xlxi._n to_o find_v the_o horizontall_a line_n of_o any_o hill_n or_o mountain_n this_o proposition_n differ_v nothing_o from_o those_o former_o teach_v in_o the_o take_n of_o altitude_n wherefore_o suppose_v you_o shall_v meet_v with_o a_o hill_n or_o mountain_n as_o abdella_n the_o thing_n require_v be_v to_o find_v the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n bd_o on_o which_o the_o mountain_n stand_v first_o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o the_o very_a foot_n of_o the_o hill_n exact_o level_v then_o let_v one_o go_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n at_o a_o and_o there_o place_v a_o mark_n which_o must_v be_v so_o much_o above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n as_o the_o top_n of_o the_o instrument_n be_v from_o the_o ground_n then_o move_v the_o label_n up_o and_o down_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n thereof_o you_o see_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mark_n at_o a_o and_o note_v the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o label_n on_o the_o tangent_fw-la line_n for_o that_o be_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o angle_n abc_n which_o suppose_v 47_o degree_n then_o by_o consequence_n the_o angle_n bac_n must_v be_v 43_o degree_n the_o compliment_n of_o the_o former_a to_o 90_o degree_n then_o measure_v the_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n ab_fw-la which_o suppose_v to_o contain_v 71_o foot_n then_o in_o the_o triangle_n abc_n there_o be_v give_v the_o side_n ab_fw-la 71_o foot_n and_o the_o angle_n bac_n 43_o degree_n together_o with_o the_o right_a angle_n acb_n 90_o degree_n and_o you_o be_v to_o find_v the_o side_n bc_n which_o to_o perform_v say_v as_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n acb_n 90_o degree_n be_v to_o the_o side_n ab_fw-la 71_o foot_n so_o be_v the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n bac_n 43_o degree_n to_o the_o side_n bc_n 48½_n foot_n then_o because_o the_o hill_n descend_v on_o the_o other_o side_n you_o must_v place_v your_o instrument_n at_o d_o observe_v the_o angle_n adc_n to_o contain_v 41_o degree_n and_o the_o angle_n dac_n 49_o degree_n and_o the_o side_n ad_fw-la 80_o foot_n now_o to_o find_v the_o side_n cd_o the_o proportion_n will_v be_v as_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n acd_v 90_o degree_n be_v to_o the_o side_n ad_fw-la 80_o foot_n so_o be_v the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o 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you_o must_v then_o use_v the_o same_o way_n of_o work_v as_o before_o and_o add_v all_o together_o for_o the_o horizontall_a line_n chap._n xlvii_o how_o to_o plot_v mountainous_a and_o uneven_a ground_n with_o the_o best_a way_n to_o find_v the_o content_a thereof_o for_o the_o plot_v of_o any_o mountainous_a or_o uneven_a piece_n of_o ground_n as_o abcdefg_v you_o must_v first_o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o a_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o b_o measure_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la then_o in_o regard_n that_o from_o b_o to_z c_z there_o be_v a_o ascent_n or_o hill_n you_o must_v find_v the_o horizontall_a line_n thereof_o and_o draw_v that_o upon_o your_o table_n account_v thereon_o the_o length_n of_o the_o hypothenusall_n line_n then_o measure_v round_o the_o field_n according_a to_o former_a direction_n and_o have_v the_o figure_n thereof_o upon_o your_o table_n reduce_v it_o into_o trapezias_n as_o into_o the_o trapezias_n abeg_n bcde_v and_o the_o triangle_n gef_n then_o from_o the_o angle_v a_o c_o e_o and_o f_o let_v fall_v the_o perpendicular_o ak_v ch_z ei_o and_o fm_n now_o in_o regard_n there_o be_v many_o hill_n and_o valley_n all_o over_o the_o field_n you_o must_v measure_v with_o your_o chain_n in_o the_o field_n over_o hill_n and_o dale_n from_o b_o to_z d_o and_o to_o the_o line_n bd_o set_v the_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n as_o you_o find_v they_o by_o measure_v which_o will_v be_v much_o long_o than_o the_o straight_a line_n bd_o measure_a on_o your_o scale_n then_o by_o help_n of_o your_o instrument_n find_v the_o point_n h_n in_o the_o line_n bd_o and_o measure_n with_o your_o chain_n from_o c_o to_o h_n over_o hill_n
and_o dale_n as_o before_o and_o to_o this_o perpendicular_a ch_n set_v the_o number_n as_o you_o find_v it_o by_o the_o chain_n then_o find_v the_o perpendicular_a je_n and_o measure_n that_o with_o your_o chain_n also_o all_o which_o line_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o valley_n will_v be_v find_v much_o long_o than_o if_o they_o be_v measure_v by_o your_o scale_n then_o by_o the_o measure_a line_n bd_o ch_n and_o je_n cast_v up_o the_o content_a of_o the_o trapezia_n bcde_v in_o this_o manner_n you_o must_v cast_v up_o the_o content_a of_o the_o trapezia_n abeg_n and_o the_o triangle_n gef_n and_o this_o be_v the_o exact_a way_n i_o can_v prescribe_v for_o the_o mensuration_n of_o uneven_a ground_n which_o be_v well_o and_o careful_o perform_v will_v not_o vary_v much_o of_o the_o true_a content_n for_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o if_o such_o mountainous_a ground_n be_v plot_v true_o according_a to_o their_o area_n in_o plano_fw-la the_o figure_n thereof_o will_v not_o be_v contain_v within_o its_o proper_a limit_n and_o be_v lay_v down_o among_o other_o ground_n will_v swell_v beyond_o the_o bound_n and_o force_v the_o adjoin_a ground_n out_o of_o their_o place_n now_o for_o distinction_n in_o your_o plot_n you_o may_v shadow_v they_o off_o with_o hill_n as_o in_o this_o figure_n lest_o any_o man_n see_v your_o plot_n shall_v measure_v by_o your_o scale_n and_o find_v your_o work_n to_o differ_v chap._n xlviii_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o whole_a manor_n or_o of_o divers_a parcel_n of_o land_n lie_v together_o whether_o wood-land_n or_o champion_n plain_n by_o the_o plain_a table_n although_o practice_n in_o the_o performance_n hereof_o be_v better_o than_o many_o word_n and_o that_o the_o rule_v already_o deliver_v be_v of_o sufficient_a extent_n to_o perform_v the_o work_n of_o this_o chapter_n yet_o for_o far_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o particular_a i_o will_v herein_o deliver_v the_o most_o sure_a and_o compendious_a way_n i_o can_v imagine_v suppose_v therefore_o that_o the_o follow_a figure_n almnpqstyxgh_n and_o k_o be_v part_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o divers_a parcel_n of_o land_n lie_v together_o and_o that_o it_o be_v require_v to_o take_v the_o plot_n thereof_o upon_o your_o plain_a table_n now_o the_o best_a way_n in_o my_o opinion_n be_v first_o to_o go_v round_o about_o the_o whole_a quantity_n to_o be_v measure_v and_o draw_v upon_o your_o table_n a_o perfect_a plot_n thereof_o as_o if_o it_o be_v one_o entire_a field_n which_o you_o may_v do_v by_o the_o 31_o chap._n of_o this_o book_n and_o then_o to_o make_v separation_n and_o division_n thereof_o in_o a_o orderly_a way_n as_o be_v teach_v in_o this_o chapter_n but_o before_o you_o begin_v your_o work_n it_o will_v be_v very_o necessary_a to_o ride_v or_o walk_v about_o the_o whole_a manor_n or_o at_o least_o so_o much_o as_o you_o be_v to_o survey_v that_o you_o may_v be_v the_o better_o acquaint_v with_o the_o several_a bounder_n and_o in_o your_o passage_n you_o ought_v to_o take_v special_a notice_n of_o all_o eminent_a thing_n lie_v in_o your_o way_n as_o church_n house_n mill_n highway_n river_n etc._n etc._n which_o will_v much_o help_v you_o also_o in_o this_o your_o passage_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o take_v notice_n of_o some_o convenient_a place_n to_o begin_v your_o work_n as_o follow_v have_v make_v choice_n of_o some_o convenient_a place_n in_o the_o peripherie_n or_o outward_a part_n of_o the_o manor_n as_o at_o a_o place_n there_o your_o table_n turn_v it_o about_o till_o the_o needle_n hang_v over_o the_o meridian_n line_n in_o the_o card_n and_o there_o fix_v it_o then_o upon_o the_o table_n with_o most_o convenience_n assign_v any_o point_n at_o pleasure_n as_o a_o unto_o which_o point_n lie_v the_o index_n and_o turn_v it_o about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o see_v a_o mark_n set_v up_o at_o the_o next_o angle_n at_o l_o then_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o index_n draw_v the_o line_n all_o which_o 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as_o before_o and_o place_v the_o length_n thereof_o upon_o your_o table_n from_o m_n unto_o n._n 4._o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o n_n lay_v the_o index_n upon_o the_o line_n nm_n and_o turn_v the_o table_n about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o see_v a_o mark_n set_v up_o at_o your_o former_a station_n at_o m_n and_o there_o fix_v the_o table_n so_o will_v the_o needle_n hang_v over_o the_o meridian_n line_n as_o before_o then_o turn_v the_o index_n about_o upon_o the_o point_n n_n till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v the_o next_o angle_n at_o p_o and_o draw_v a_o line_n by_o the_o side_n thereof_o then_o measure_v the_o distance_n np_v 9_o chain_n 32_o link_n which_o take_v from_o the_o scale_n and_o set_v it_o upon_o your_o table_n from_o n_n unto_o p._n in_o this_o manner_n must_v you_o go_v round_o about_o the_o whole_a manor_n make_v observation_n at_o every_o angle_n thereof_o as_o at_o p_o q_o s_o t_o y_fw-fr x_o g_o h_n and_o k_n and_o set_v down_o the_o length_n of_o every_o line_n upon_o your_o table_n as_o you_o find_v it_o by_o measure_v with_o your_o chain_n you_o shall_v have_v upon_o your_o table_n the_o figure_n of_o one_o large_a plain_a which_o must_v include_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n and_o in_o thus_o go_v about_o you_o shall_v if_o you_o have_v true_o wrought_v all_o the_o way_n find_v your_o plot_n to_o close_v exact_o in_o the_o point_n a_o where_o you_o begin_v but_o if_o it_o do_v not_o go_v over_o your_o work_n again_o for_o otherwise_o all_o that_o you_o do_v afterward_o within_o the_o same_o will_v be_v false_a ¶_o here_o note_n that_o if_o one_o sheet_n of_o paper_n will_v not_o contain_v your_o whole_a plot_n you_o must_v then_o shift_v your_o paper_n in_o this_o manner_n when_o any_o line_n fall_v off_o of_o your_o table_n draw_v two_o line_n at_o right_a angle_n across_o your_o paper_n which_o the_o equal_a division_n on_o the_o frame_n will_v help_v you_o to_o do_v then_o lay_v another_o clean_a 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the_o sight_n you_o espy_v the_o angle_n l_o and_o there_o fix_v it_o the_o needle_n will_v hang_v direct_o over_o the_o meridian_n line_n in_o the_o card_n then_o turn_v the_o index_n about_o upon_o the_o point_n a_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v a_o mark_n set_v up_o at_o the_o angle_n b_o and_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o index_n draw_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la contain_v 6_o chain_n 43_o link_n 2._o remove_v the_o table_n to_o b_o lay_v the_o index_n on_o the_o line_n basilius_n and_o turn_v the_o table_n about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o see_v the_o angle_n a_o then_o fix_v it_o and_o turn_v the_o index_n about_o upon_o b_o till_o you_o see_v the_o next_o