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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	lie_v	mile_n	west_n	1,238	5	9.2343	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A35222	The English empire in America, or, A prospect of His Majesties dominions in the West-Indies ... with an account of the discovery, scituation, product, and other excellencies of these countries : to which is prefixed a relation of the first discovery of the New World called America, by the Spaniards, and of the remarkable voyages of several Englishmen to divers places therein : illustrated with maps and pictures by R.B., author of Englands monarchs, &c., Admirable curiosities in England, &c., Historical remarks of London, &c., The late wars in England, &c., and The history of Scotland and Ireland.	R. B., 1632?-1725?	1685 (1685)	Wing C7319; ESTC R21113	146,553	216

valued under one hundred Pounds to the Landward it is incompassed with a Wall of good thickness and fortified at the entrance of the River so as to command any Ship which passes that way by a Fort called James-Fort It hath a Mayor Aldermen a Sheriff and Justices of Peace for their Magistrates the Inhabitants are most English and Dutch and have a considerable Trade with the Indians for Bever Otter Racoon Skins with other rich Furs likewise for Bear Deer and Elk Skins and are supplyed with Venison and Fowl in the Winter and Fish in the Summer by the Indians at an easy Price The Province of New-York formerly contained all that Land which lies in the North-parts of America betwixt New-England and Mary-Land the length toward the North is not fully known the breadth is about 200 Miles the principal Rivers are Hudsons River Raritan River and Delaaware Bay the chief Islands are the Manahatan Island Long Island and Staten Island Manahatan Island so called by the Indians lyeth within Land betwixt forty one and forty two Degrees of North Latitude and is about fourteen Miles long and two broad New-York is seated on the West end of this Island having a small Arm of the Sea which divides it from Long Island on the South Long Island runs Eastward above an hundred Miles and is in some places eight twelve and fourteen Miles broad Inhabited from one end to the other having an excellent Soil for all English Grain the Fruits Trees and Herbs very good in May you may see the Woods and Fields so curiously bedeckt with Roses and a multitude of other delightful Flowers as equal if not excel many Gardens in England there are several Navigable Rivers which run very swift and are well furnished with variety of Fish as the Land is with all sorts of English Cattel besides Deer Bear Wolves Racoons Otters and Wild Fowl in abundance There are now but few Indians upon the Island and these not unserviceable to the English being strangely decreased since the English first setled there for not long ago there were six Towns full of them which are now reduced to two Villages the rest being cut off by Wars among themselves or some raging mortal diseases They live principally by Hunting Fowling and Fishing their Wives tilling the Land and planting the Corn They feed on Fish Fowl and Venison likewise Polcats Turtles Racoon and the like They build small moveable Tents which they remove three times a year cheifly quartering where they plant their Corn besides their Hunting and Fishing Quarters Their Recreations are cheifly Football and Cards at which they will play away all they have except a Flap to cover their nakedness They are great Lovers of strong drink so that except they have enough to be drunk they care not to drink at all If there be so many in a company that there is no● sufficient to make them all drunk they usually chuse so many as are proportionable to that quantity and the rest must be Spectators if any chance to be drunk before he has taken his share which is ordinarily a Quart of Brandy Rum or Strong Waters to shew their Justice they will forcibly pour the rest down his throat In these debau●hes they often kill each other which the Friends of the dead revenge ● on the Murderer unless he purchase his life with money which is made of a Periwinkle shell both black and white strung like beads Their Worship is Diabolical and usually performed but once or twice a year unless upon some extraordinary occasion as making war or the like The time about Michaelmas when their Corn is ripe The day being appointed by their chief Priest or Pawaw most of them go a hunting for venison when they are all assembled if the Priest wants money he then tells them their God will accept no offering but money which the People believing every one gives according to their ability The Priest takes the money and putting it into some dishes sets them upon the top of their low flat-roofed Houses and falls to invocating their God to come and receive it which with many loud hollows and outcries striking the ground with sticks and beating themselves is performed by the Priest and seconded by the People After being thus wearied a Devil by this Conjuration appears amongst them sometimes in the shape of a Fowle a Beast or a Man at which the People being amazed not daring to stir the Priest improves the opportunity and stepping out makes sure of the money and then returns to lay the Spirit who is sometimes gone before he comes back having taken some of the Company along with him but if at such times any English come among them it puts a period to their proceeding and they will desire his absence saying their God will not come till they are departed In their Wars they fight no pitcht Battel but upon their enemies approach having first secured their Wives and Children in some Island or thick Swamp armed with Guns and Hatchets they way-lay their Enemies and 't is counted a great fight where seven or eight are slain When an Indian dies they bury him upright sitting upon a seat with his Gun money and goods to furnish him in the other World which they conceive is Westward where they shall have great store of Game for Hunting and live at ease At his buriall his nearest Relations paint their faces black and make sad lamentations at his Grave once or twice every day till by time the blackness is worn off their faces and after that once a year they mourn a fresh for him visiting and trimming up the Grave not suffering any Grass to grow neer it fencing it with a hedg and covering it with Mats for a shelter from the rain Notwithstanding all this bustle when an Indian is dead his name dies with him none daring ever after to mention his name it being not only a breach of their Law but an affront to his Friends and Relations as if done on purpose to renew their greife And every Person who hath the same Name instantly changes it for another which every one invents for himself some calling themselves Ratlesnake others Buckshorn or the like Yea if a Person die whose Name is some word used in common speech they change that word and invent a new one which makes a troublesome alteration in their Language When any one is sick after some means used by his Friends every one pretending skill in Physick that proving ineffectual they send for a Pawaw or Priest who sitting down by the sick Person without the least inquiry after the distemper expects a Fee or gift according to which he proportions his work beginning with a low voice to call sometimes upon one God and then another still raising his voice beating his naked breasts and sides till the sweat runs down and his breath is almost gone the little that remains he breathes upon the face of the sick Person three or four

again to Sea and making for the Cape of Good Hope which is the utmost Point of Africk Southward they sailed upon that vast Atlantick Ocean before they could reach the Cape almost nine weeks running a Course of at least eighteen hundred and fifty Leagues without touching Land it being reckoned to be full 2000 Leagues from the Islands of Java to the Cape of Good Hope There lies about forty or fifty Leagues short of the Cape a certain Foreland called Cabo Falso because it is usually at its first discovery at Sea mistaken by Mariners for the true Cape From hence by June 18. 1588. they fall in sight of the Island of St. Helena which lieth in the main Ocean and as it were in the middle way between the Coast of Africk and Brasil in fifteen degrees and forty eight minutes of Southern Latitude distant from the Cape about six hundred Leagues It is a pleasant Island well stored with Oranges Lemons Pomegranats Pome-citrons Dates and so proper for Figgs that the Trees bear all the year long so that there are blossoms green and ripe Figgs at all times on the same Tree It affords also store of wild Fowl Partridges and Pheasants a kind of Turkies black and white and as big as ours in England great plenty of Goats and such abundance of Swine fat and large that they live in Herds upon the Mountains and are not to be taken but by hunting and that with great pain and industry From hence by August 24. they discover Flores and Corvo two of the Azores or Tercerae Islands and Sept. 9. having first suffered a terrible Stormupon the English Coast which carried away all their Sails and ind●ngered the loss of all they had got yet at last by the mercy of God and favour of a good Wind they arrived safely at Plymouth X. The Right Honourable George Lord Clifford Earl of Cumberland had made several Voyages and Adventures against the Spaniards in and toward the parts of America in 1586. 89 92 and 94 with various success but in 1597. He more publickly and avowedly in his own Person undertook an expedition with eighteen or twenty good Ships and about a Thousand Men being himself Admiral and Commander in Chief He set out from Portsmouth March 6. 1597. with design at first to attend the coming out of the Carracks which go yearly from Spain to the West Indies but being disappointed of them through some Intelligence that the Spaniards had gotten of his Lordshitps being at Sea he Sailed on for the Coast of America resolving by the way with the consent of the Principal Commanders with him to make an attempt upon St. John de Porto Rico the Principal Town and Port of the Island of that name in nineteen Degrees of North Latitude a place where a few years before Sir Francis Drake had received some loss Sir Nicholas Clifford the Earls Brother being slain by a shot from one of the Platforms as he sat at Supper with the General in the Ship called the Defiance The Town stands in a Peninsula by it self yet closely joined to the main Island toward the North being a place very well seated and fortified with two strong Castles one for defence of the Haven the other of the Town about three or four Leagues off lies a fair sandy Bay or Beach which the Sea washeth on one side over which the English at their landing marched directly to the Town through a thick Wood and upon a Cawsey of some length but of breadth only to admit three Persons to march abreast at the end thereof was built a strong Bridge of Wood which reached from one Island to the other and joined them both together having also some Barricado's to defend it and a Block-house with Ordnance on the further side of the Water They were informed that at low Water they might pass the Bridge on either side the Cawsey whereupon waiting till two a Clock next Morning when the Ebb would be they attempt the Passage but could not gain it because the Great Guns played so directly against the Cawsey retreating with the loss of about Fifty Men killed and wounded Next day the General ordered another Fort standing upon the Principal Island should be attackt by Sea the place was of dangerous access yet by the help of some Musketeers that were gotten upon certain Rocks within the Island so near that they could play upon them in the Fort within an hour the Spaniards that kept it quitted the place and those from Sea entred it in Boats though the Ship that brought them near was her self cast away upon the Rocks at the first ebbing of the Water as it was at first feared she would The Spaniards who quitted the Fort with the chief of the Town who were not already fled retired to another Fort called Mora giving the English leave to enter the Town and block up the Fort wherein they were so that in few days they surrendred upon discretion and the English were Masters of all The General designed to have kept it but the English by the intemperature of the Air and their own intemperance especially in eating many strange and luscious Fruits contracted such sickness so many dying of the Calenture bloody Flux and other hot diseases that after ten weeks possession and 600 of his men dead his Lordship was forced to return for England doing no further hurt to the Town save only bringing away 80 pe●●●s of Ordnance the Bells of their Church and some quantity of Sugar and Ginger sustaining no other loss in the Voyage than of sixty men slain upon taking the Town the six hundred dying of the Flux and other diseases the Ship Pegasus wrackt upon Goodwin Sands an old Frigot lost upon V●hant on the Coast of Normandy with 40 men in them add a Bark lost by Tempest about Bermudas The Admiral at his return left Sir John Barclay behind with some Men and Ships to compound with the Spaniards for the Town but they seeing the General gone and the English by reason of sickness not like to continue long after him made no great hast to compound but delayed so long that at last the English were forced to leave it to them without burning or doing them any other mischief as the Admiral had left Order who sought Honour more than Spoil by this expedition as the Spaniards happily experienced XI Captain John Oxenham who had formerly been Servant Souldier and Mariner with Sir Francis Drake and together with him had sustained some loss by the Spaniards in the Port of Sir John De Vllua was resolved to recover that by force which he complained was by force taken from him and having by his former Adventures gained competent skill in Maritime Affairs being particularly acquainted with the Coast and Commodities of the West Indies in 1575 he got to be Captain of a Ship of an hundred and forty Tuns burden carrying seventy men with whom he sailed for America arriv●d at the Sound of

up the River till Night and then took up our Lodging in a dismal place being laid on our Backs and staked down in which posture we lay many Nights together the manner was our Arms and Legs being stretched out were staked fast down and a Cord put about our Necks so that we could not possibly stir the first Night being much tired I slept as comfortable as ever the next we lay in the Squahag Meadows our Provision was soon spent and whilst we were there the Indians went a Hunting and the English Army came out after us Then the Indians moved again dividing themselves and the Captives into many Companies that the English might not follow their Track At Night having crossed the River we met again at the place appointed the next day we repassed it where we continued a long time which being about thirty Mile above Sq● ag the Indians were quite out of fear of the English but much afraid of the Mohawks another sort of Indians Enemies to them In this place they built a long Wigwam and had a great Dance as they called it where it was concluded to burn three of us having provided Bark for that purpose of whom as I heard afterward I was to be one Serjeant Plympton another and the wife of Benjamin Wait the third I knew not then who they were yet I understood so much of their Language that I perceived some were designed thereto That night I could not sleep for fear of the next days work the Indians weary with dancing lay down and slept soundly The English were all loose whereupon I went out for Wood and mended the Fire making a noise on purpose but none awaked I thought if any of the English should wake we might kill them all sleeping to which end I removed out of the way all the Guns and Hatchets but my heart failing I put all things where they were again The next day when they intended to burn us our Master and some others spoke for us and the Evil was prevented at this time we lay here about three weeks where I had a shirt brought me to make one Indian said it should be made this way another a different way and a third his way whereupon I told them I would make it according to my cheife Masters Order Upon this an Indian struck me on the face with his Fist I suddenly rose in anger to return it again which raised a great Habbub the Indians and English coming about me I was fain to humble my self to my Master which ended the matter Before I came to this place my three Masters were gone a hunting and I was left with only one Indian all the company being upon a March who fell sick so that I was fain to carry his Gun and Hatchet whereby I had opportunity to have dispatcht him but did not because the English Captives had ingaged the contrary to each other since if one should run away it would much indanger the remainder whilst we were here Benjamin Stebbins going with some Indians to Wachuset Hills made his escape the tidings whereof caused us all be called in and bound One of the Indian Captains and always our great friend met me coming in and told me Stebbins was run away and the Indians spoke of burning us some were only for burning our fingers and then biting them off He said there would be a Court and all would speak their minds but he would speak last and declare That the Indian who suffered Stebbins to make his escape was only in fault and bid us not fear any hurt should happen to us and so it proved accordingly Whilst we lingred hereabout Provision grew scarce one Bears foot must serve five of us a whole day we began to eat Horsflesh and devoured several Horses three only being left alive At this time the Indians had fallen upon Hadly where some of them being taken were released upon promise of meeting the English on such a Plain to make further Terms Captain Ashpalon was much for it but the Sachims of Wachuset when they came were against it yet were willing to meet the English only to fall upon and destroy them Ashpalon charged us English not to speak a word of this since mischief would come of it With these Indians from Wachuset there came above fourscore Squaws or Women and Children who reported the English had taken Vncas and all his men and sent them beyon the Seas whereat they were much inraged asking us if it were true we denied it which made Ashpalon angry saying he would no more believe Englishmen They then examined every one a part and dealt worse with us for a time than before Still Provision was scarce at length we came to a place called Squaro Maug River where we hoped to find Salmon but came too late this place I reckon 200 miles above Deerfield then we pa●ted into two Companys some went one way and some another we passed over a mighty Mountain being eight days in travelling it though we marched very hard and had every day either Snow or Rain we observed that on this Mountain all the water ran Northward Here we likewise wanted provision at length we got over and came neer a Lake where we staied a great while to make Canoos wherein to pass over Here I was frozen and here again we were like to starve all the Indians went a Hunting but could get nothing several days they Pawawed or Conjured but to no purpose then they desired the English to Pray confessing they could do nothing and would have us try what the Englishmans God could do I prayed so did Serjeant Plympton in another place the Indians reverently attended morning and night next day they killed some Bears then they would needs make us desire a Blessing and return Thanks at Meals but after a while they grew weary of it and the Sachim forbid us when I was frozen they were very cruel to me because I could not do as at other times When we came to the Lake we were again sadly streightned for Provision and forc't to eat Touchwood fryed in Bears Grease at last we found a Company of Racoons and then we made a Feast the Custom being that we must eat all I perceived I had too much for one time which an Indian that sat by me observing bid me slip away some to him under his Coat and he would hide it for me till another time this Indian as soon as he had got my Meat stood up and made a Speech to the rest discovering what I had done whereat they were very angry and cut me another piece forcing me to drink Racoon Grease which made me Sick and vomit I told them I had enough after which they would give me no more but still tell me I had Racoon enough whereby I suffered much and being Frozen was in great pain sleeping but little and yet must do my task that was set me as they came to the Lake they killed a