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end_n let_v line_n perpendicular_a 1,964 5 14.8700 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A52120 The country-survey-book: or Land-meters vade-mecum Wherein the principles and practical rules for surveying of land, are so plainly (though briefly) delivered, that any one of ordinary parts (understanding how to add, substract, multiply and divide,) may by the help of this small treatise alone and a few cheap instruments easy to be procured, measure a parcel of land, and with judgment and expedition plot it, and give up the content thereof. With an appendix, containing twelve problems touching compound interest and annuities; and a method to contract the work of fellowship and alligation alternate, very considerably in many cases. Illustrated with copper plates. By Adam Martindale, a friend to mathematical learning. Martindale, Adam, 1623-1686.; Collins, John, 1625-1683. 1692 (1692) Wing M854A; ESTC R217468 73,611 191

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the_o instrument_n and_o also_o for_o measure_v the_o stationary-line_n on_o the_o ground_n and_o protract_v they_o on_o the_o paper_n as_o be_v manifest_a in_o this_o example_n fig._n 29_o let_v abcdef_n be_v a_o park-pond_n or_o close_a to_o be_v protract_v i_o first_o plant_v my_o instrument_n at_o a_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o a_o mark_n in_o the_o angle_n b_o draw_v a_o dry_a line_n from_o a_o convenient_a poin●_n on_o my_o paper_n towards_o b_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o have_v measure_v by_o my_o chain_n the_o distance_n ab_fw-la i_o set_v it_o by_o a_o scale_n upon_o the_o correspondent_a line_n from_o a_o to_o b_o drawing_z a_o black-line_n between_o they_o with_o ink_n or_o a_o lead-pen_n the_o extremity_n whereof_o be_v the_o point_n a_o and_o b_o on_o my_o paper_n and_o the_o little_a prick_v line_n that_o go_v beyond_o b_o represent_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o dry_a line_n draw_v at_o random_n as_o to_o length_n with_o the_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n then_o set_v up_o a_o mark_n at_o a_o if_o there_o be_v none_o before_o i_o remove_v the_o instrument_n to_o b_o and_o lay_v the_o fiducial_a edge_n to_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la i_o turn_v about_o the_o instrument_n upon_o the_o saff_n till_o through_o the_o sight_n i_o perceive_v the_o thread_n cut_v the_o mark_n at_o a_o and_o my_o needle_n if_o i_o have_v one_o direct_o over_o the_o same_o point_n that_o it_o be_v when_o it_o be_v plant_v at_o a_o and_o so_o screw_v it_o fast_o my_o next_o work_n be_v to_o lay_v the_o fiducial_a edge_n to_o the_o point_n b_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o c_o draw_v a_o dry_a line_n towards_o it_o and_o set_v the_o distance_n bc_n measure_v by_o the_o chain_n from_o b_o to_o c._n in_o this_o manner_n i_o proceed_v surround_v the_o close_a till_o i_o come_v at_o last_o to_o a_o where_o i_o begin_v by_o plant_v the_o instrument_n at_o every_o angle_n use_v the_o help_n of_o back-sight_n and_o my_o needle_n as_o i_o do_v at_o b_o and_o then_o from_o the_o point_n represent_v my_o present_a station_n direct_v the_o sight_n to_o the_o next_o angle_n as_o i_o do_v from_o b_o to_o c._n in_o the_o second_o case_n we_o do_v not_o plant_v the_o instrument_n at_o every_o angle_n but_o at_o the_o more_o considerable_a take_v in_o the_o small_a by_o their_o perpendicular_o from_o the_o base_a as_o we_o pass_v along_o of_o which_o this_o follow_a figure_n may_v be_v a_o instance_n fig._n 30_o let_v abcdefghikl_n be_v a_o close_a to_o be_v measure_v by_o plant_v the_o instrument_n only_o at_o acf_n and_o k_n i_o have_v the_o main_a substance_n of_o the_o close_a in_o the_o trapezium_fw-la acfk_n and_o for_o the_o five_o small_a triangle_n which_o must_v be_v add_v to_o the_o trapezium_fw-la they_o may_v be_v easy_o protract_v by_o the_o help_n of_o such_o a_o little_a square_a as_o be_v mention_v towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o ten_o chapter_n for_o thereby_o find_v at_o how_o many_o chain_n and_o link_n distance_n from_o a_o upon_o the_o ground_n the_o perpendicular_a b_o b_o fall_v upon_o the_o line_n ac_fw-la and_o have_v measure_v the_o length_n of_o that_o perpendicular_a and_o take_v it_o between_o my_o compass-point_n off_o my_o scale_n i_o erect_v a_o perpendicular_a of_o that_o length_n at_o b_o which_o be_v the_o point_n upon_o the_o paper_n where_o so_o many_o chain_n and_o link_n determine_v as_o be_v measure_v upon_o the_o ground_n from_o the_o angle_n a_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o perpendicular_a fall_v on_o ac_fw-la viz._n at_o b._n just_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n i_o raise_v the_o other_o perpendicular_o dd_v gg_n two_o and_o will_v and_o then_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o perpendicular_o i_o draw_v from_o and_o to_o the_o proper_a angle_n the_o boundary-line_n ab_fw-la bc_n cd_o de_fw-fr fg_n gh_o he_o ik_fw-mi k_o l_o la_fw-fr which_o together_o with_o the_o line_n of_o between_o the_o angle_n e_o and_o f_o give_v the_o true_a plot_n of_o the_o field_n in_o one_o large_a trapezium_fw-la and_o five_o small_a triangle_n ready_a for_o cast_v up_o the_o three_o case_n be_v so_o like_o the_o second_o that_o there_o need_v no_o new_a direction_n concern_v it_o but_o to_o annex_v one_o plain_a diagram_n all_o the_o difference_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o because_o we_o can_v go_v within_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v some_o pool_n bog_n or_o thicket_n we_o must_v of_o necessity_n go_v on_o the_o outside_n and_o consequent_o all_o the_o triangle_n make_v by_o inward_a angle_n and_o their_o line_n upon_o the_o measure_a base_n must_v be_v exclude_v by_o the_o boundary-line_n from_o be_v any_o part_n of_o the_o plot_n as_o here_o be_v manifest_a fig._n 31_o suppose_v abcdefghiklmn_n open_v to_o be_v a_o great_a pool_n though_o here_o be_v fifteen_o angle_n i_o plant_v my_o table_n only_o five_o time_n viz._n at_o aefh_n and_o m_n and_o upon_o the_o dry_a line_n ae_n fh_o he_o and_o ma_n i_o raise_v their_o perpendicular_o in_o due_a place_n according_a to_o measure_n and_o also_o of_o a_o right_a height_n by_o which_o and_o my_o five_o stationary_a angle_n i_o draw_v the_o bounding-line_n of_o the_o plot_n exclude_v all_o the_o triangle_n as_o foreign_a to_o it_o they_o be_v no_o resemblance_n of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o pool_n but_o of_o land_n adjacent_a where_o note_n 1._o that_o both_o in_o this_o and_o the_o former_a case_n such_o a_o little_a square_a as_o i_o mention_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n will_v be_v very_o useful_a for_o speedy_a raise_n of_o perdendiculars_n but_o where_o the_o triangle_n be_v very_o small_a it_o need_v not_o be_v use_v not_o the_o other_o mention_a chap._n 10._o 2._o that_o if_o by_o reason_n of_o troublesome_a brush-wood_n gorse_n or_o bog_n etc._n etc._n i_o can_v not_o have_v measure_v close_o to_o the_o side_n of_o he_o or_o lm_o it_o will_v be_v the_o same_o thing_n if_o i_o go_v parallel_v to_o they_o and_o this_o be_v a_o shift_n that_o the_o practical_a surveyor_n will_v oft_o be_v put_v to_o make_v use_n of_o in_o other_o case_n as_o well_o as_o this_o chap._n xv._n concern_v the_o plot_v of_o many_o close_v together_o whether_o the_o ground_n be_v even_o or_o uneven_a though_o i_o design_v not_o so_o high_a in_o this_o manual_a as_o to_o make_v my_o reader_n able_a to_o survey_v lordship_n and_o forest_n much_o less_o to_o draw_v map_n of_o country_n but_o to_o measure_v a_o parcel_n of_o land_n with_o truth_n and_o judgement_n yet_o i_o will_v have_v he_o so_o expert_a as_o not_o to_o be_v puzzle_v if_o any_o shall_v desire_v he_o to_o draw_v as_o it_o be_v a_o true_a map_n of_o a_o tenement_n or_o small_a demesn_a consist_v of_o several_a close_n for_o which_o purpose_n let_v he_o that_o know_v no_o better_a observe_v this_o method_n fig._n 32_o suppose_v abcdefghiklm_n to_o be_v a_o tenement_n or_o small_a demesn_a divide_v into_o fourteen_o close_n to_o be_v measure_v and_o protract_v according_a to_o their_o several_a shape_n and_o situation_n i_o first_o draw_v the_o plot_n of_o the_o whole_a by_o the_o method_n of_o circuition_n plant_v my_o instrument_n either_o at_o every_o angle_n or_o only_o the_o most_o considerable_a either_o within_o or_o without_o as_o i_o find_v most_o convenient_a this_o be_v do_v a_o line_n from_o b_o to_o m_n give_v the_o triangle_n abm_n from_o the_o first_o close_n in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o go_v round_a the_o second_o close_a beginning_n at_o m_n then_o to_o b_o and_o so_o about_o cum_fw-la scle_n to_o m_n again_o and_o then_o for_o the_o three_o close_n i_o plant_v my_o table_n at_o c_o and_o etc_o round_o to_o b_o the_o line_n bc_n be_v protract_v already_o and_o so_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n still_o observe_v which_o be_v common_a line_n belong_v to_o several_a close_n represent_v the_o fence_n that_o i_o may_v avoid_v the_o trouble_n of_o measure_v ●hose_v line_n often_o than_o once_o and_o lay_v ever●_n part_n of_o eu●●y_o close_a in_o its_o due_a place_n and_o that_o i_o be_v su●●_n to_o keep_v the_o instrument_n throughout_o the_o whole_a work_n to_o its_o true_a position_n by_o needle_n foresight_n and_o back-sight_n there_o be_v i_o confess_v divers_a other_o way_n of_o do_v this_o work_n but_o none_o more_o sure_a or_o plain_a especial_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v uneven_a for_o in_o that_o case_n if_o you_o protract_v according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o line_n measure_v from_o your_o station_n to_o the_o angle_n you_o will_v put_v your_o close_n into_o unproportionable_a shape_n except_o you_o reduce_v hypothenusal_a line_n to_o horizontal_n by_o instrument_n or_o otherwise_o which_o be_v somewhat_o troublesome_a and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v when_o you_o plot_n with_o the_o chain_n only_o indeed_o the_o method_n
this_o in_o answer_v the_o question_n follow_v concern_v a_o yearly_a payment_n of_o 1_o l._n because_o that_o by_o bare_a multiplication_n may_v easy_o be_v apply_v to_o any_o other_o a_o field_n worth_a 1_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la clear_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v let_v 11_o year_n for_o 15_o l._n to_o be_v pay_v at_o the_o end_n of_o those_o year_n what_o be_v the_o rate_n of_o interest_n demand_v for_o the_o several_a payment_n answ_n first_o i_o suppose_v 6_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o try_v it_o by_o the_o first_o problem_n of_o the_o second_o rank_n it_o find_v the_o arrearage_n to_o be_v but_o 19_o l._n 19_o s._n 5_o d._n which_o be_v 6_o d._n 3_o q._n too_o little_a then_o try_v what_o the_o arrearage_n will_v amount_v to_o at_o 6._o 2_o or_o 6_o l._n 4_o s._n per_fw-la cent_n i_o find_v 15._o 13_o or_o 15_o l._n 2_o s._n 7_o d._n 1_o q._n perceive_v then_o i_o have_v over-shot_a my_o mark_n i_o make_v my_o three_o trial_n at_o 6.1_o or_o 6_o l._n 2_o s._n per_fw-la cent_n and_o the_o result_n be_v 15.05_o or_o 15_o l._n 1_o s._n which_o be_v pretty_a near_a be_v but_o 〈◊〉_d above_o the_o truth_n but_o that_o i_o may_v yet_o bring_v it_o near_o i_o first_o subtract_v the_o result_n at_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o be_v 14.971_o from_o the_o result_n of_o the_o arrearage_n at_o 6.1_o viz._n 15.05_o because_o these_o be_v the_o result_v that_o come_v near_a to_o the_o truth_n and_o their_o difference_n be_v .079_o 2._o i_o subtract_v the_o rate_n 6_o from_o the_o rate_n 6.1_o and_o there_o rest_v 1._o 3._o i_o subtract_v the_o near_a result_n to_o 15_o viz._n 14._o 971_o from_o 15_o the_o give_v arrearage_n and_o their_o difference_n be_v .029_o then_o work_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o i_o find_v as_o follow_v .0367_o .079_o .1_o ∷_o 029_o 1_o .079_o .0290_o .0367_o 7_o which_o .0367_o be_v add_v to_o 6_o gives_z 6.0367_o or_o 6_o l._n 0_o s_o 8_o d._n 3_o q._n per_fw-la cent_n compound_v interest_n and_o that_o this_o rate_v exact_o fit_v be_v plain_a by_o the_o follow_a work_n 6.0367.100_o ∷_o 1_o 1_o 6.0367_o 100.0000_o 16.565_o 20245_o r._n 0.025456_o 11_o 0.025456_o 0.25456_o 0.280016_o 1.219191_o 1.499207_o =_o 31_o 565_o 16_o 565_o 15_o 000_o but_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o though_o in_o this_o and_o all_o other_o matter_n forego_v i_o agree_v well_o enough_o with_o the_o learned_a author_n before_o mention_v and_o other_o that_o have_v write_v of_o these_o subject_n yet_o in_o my_o country-almanack_n for_o the_o year_n 1677_o the_o four_o problem_n agree_v neither_o with_o they_o nor_o what_o i_o have_v here_o write_v but_o apparent_o clash_v with_o they_o i_o confess_v this_o charge_n have_v be_v very_o just_a have_v that_o problem_n be_v design_v for_o the_o same_o end_n and_o produce_v a_o different_a effect_n for_o in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o differ_v be_v to_o contradict_v but_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o my_o very_a entrance_n upon_o it_o i_o begin_v thus_o there_o be_v a_o problem_n in_o some_o learned_a man_n work_n seem_o of_o the_o same_o importance_n with_o this_o but_o indeed_o much_o different_a both_o in_o the_o design_n and_o effect_n and_o after_o in_o answer_v objection_n show_v wherein_o the_o design_n differ_v i_o can_v but_o admire_v the_o undertake_n of_o that_o able_a artist_n who_o be_v so_o much_o at_o leisure_n as_o to_o prove_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o pomp_n that_o i_o will_v not_o attain_v the_o end_n for_o which_o i_o declare_v it_o be_v never_o design_v as_o clear_o as_o word_n can_v utter_v it_o a_o sword_n may_v be_v a_o very_a good_a one_o yet_o a_o very_a bad_a instrument_n to_o fell_a tree_n with_o but_o i_o hear_v he_o be_v dead_a and_o i_o shall_v rather_o lament_v the_o loss_n of_o he_o and_o divers_a other_o famous_a mathematician_n which_o death_n have_v of_o late_o deprive_v we_o of_o than_o unnecessary_o to_o expose_v the_o impertinence_n of_o his_o paper_n to_o the_o public_a view_n or_o so_o much_o as_o name_v he_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o his_o memory_n but_o from_o henceforth_o i_o expect_v from_o all_o ingenious_a person_n that_o they_o neither_o take_v for_o grant_v what_o i_o profess_o deny_a and_o disprove_v nor_o urge_v my_o objection_n against_o my_o self_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o my_o answer_n for_o understanding_n of_o what_o follow_v it_o be_v very_o convenient_a to_o have_v insert_v herein_o the_o whole_a discourse_n in_o the_o country-almanack_n about_o this_o business_n but_o because_o this_o little_a paper_n can_v afford_v it_o room_n i_o shall_v only_o point_v brief_o at_o the_o design_n and_o management_n and_o answer_v all_o the_o objection_n i_o ever_o meet_v with_o of_o any_o seem_a importance_n make_v thing_n as_o clear_a as_o i_o can_v in_o so_o narrow_a a_o compass_n the_o design_n be_v to_o discuss_v in_o plain_a language_n suitable_a to_o countryman_n understanding_n this_o practical_a question_n wherein_o they_o be_v oft_o concern_v viz._n whether_o it_o be_v more_o advantage_n for_o the_o lender_n to_o receive_v for_o 100_o l._n in_o hand_n compound_v interest_n at_o 8_o per_fw-la cent_n viz._n 71_o l._n 7_o s._n 7_o d._n 3_o q._n at_o the_o end_n of_o seven_o year_n above_o the_o stock_n of_o 100_o l._n suppose_v it_o can_v be_v legal_o assure_v as_o in_o ireland_n it_o may_v and_o in_o england_n by_o equivalence_n in_o good_n or_o land_n without_o mention_v interest_n or_o to_o enjoy_v a_o farm_n for_o seven_o year_n in_o consideration_n of_o 100_o l._n that_o will_v clear_v he_o just_a 20_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la my_o answer_n be_v that_o the_o former_a be_v the_o better_a bargain_n and_o consequent_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o interest_n for_o the_o whole_a stock_n during_o the_o whole_a term_n for_o which_o i_o give_v in_o these_o ground_n under_o the_o feign_a person_n of_o a_o and_o b._n 1._o a_o be_v to_o receive_v as_o be_v say_v 171_o l._n 7_o s._n 7_o d._n 3_o q._n and_o if_o b_o who_o take_v the_o farm_n receive_v not_o equivalent_a his_o rate_n of_o interest_n be_v low_o 2._o b_o receive_v only_a 140_o l._n by_o 20_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la only_a he_o have_v the_o advantage_n to_o improve_v the_o several_a payment_n from_o the_o time_n they_o grow_v due_a to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term_n 3._o these_o must_v be_v compute_v at_o some_o certain_a rate_n of_o compound_v interest_n for_o to_o compute_v they_o at_o no_o rate_n of_o interest_n or_o at_o simple_a interest_n or_o one_o take_v up_o arbitrary_o will_v not_o suit_v the_o case_n 4._o the_o rate_v tolerate_v by_o the_o statute_n viz._n 6_o per_fw-la cent_n under_o which_o none_o will_v take_v and_o above_o which_o none_o dare_v express_o bind_v any_o to_o give_v and_o at_o which_o any_o responsible_a man_n may_v be_v fit_v be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o other_o 5._o at_o this_o rate_n the_o 7_o payment_n will_v amount_v but_o to_o 167_o l._n 17_o s._n 6_o d._n q._n of_o these_o 5_o pillar_n the_o 132_o and_o 5_o the_o be_v never_o attempt_v to_o be_v shake_v by_o 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