how_o to_o cast_v up_o the_o content_n of_o any_o plot_n of_o land_n how_o to_o lay_v out_o new_a land_n how_o to_o survey_v a_o manor_n county_n or_o country_n also_o how_o to_o reduce_v divide_v land_n cum_fw-la multis_fw-la aliis_fw-la the_o twelve_o chapter_n consist_v whole_o of_o trigonometry_n the_o thirteen_o chapter_n be_v of_o height_n and_o distance_n include_v among_o other_o thing_n how_o to_o make_v a_o map_n of_o a_o river_n or_o harbour_n also_o how_o to_o convey_v water_n from_o a_o springhead_n to_o any_o appoint_a place_n or_o the_o like_a last_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n i_o have_v a_o table_n of_o northing_n or_o sothe_v ea_v or_o westing_n or_o if_o you_o please_v to_o call_v it_o so_o a_o table_n of_o difference_n of_o latitude_n and_o departure_n from_o the_o meridian_n with_o direction_n for_o the_o use_v thereof_o also_o a_o table_n of_o sines_n and_o tangent_n and_o a_o table_n of_o logarithm_n i_o have_v take_v example_n from_o mr._n holwell_n to_o make_v the_o table_n of_o sines_n and_o tangent_n but_o to_o every_o five_o minute_n that_o be_v nigh_o enough_o in_o all_o sense_n and_o reason_n for_o the_o surveyor_n use_n for_o there_o be_v no_o man_n with_o the_o best_a instrument_n that_o be_v ever_o yet_o make_v can_v take_v a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n nigh_o if_o so_o nigh_o as_o to_o five_o minute_n all_o which_o i_o commend_v to_o the_o ingenious_a reader_n wish_v he_o may_v find_v benefit_n thereby_o and_o desire_v his_o favourable_a reception_n thereof_o according_o i_o conclude_v reader_n your_o humble_a servant_n j._n l._n advertisement_n such_o person_n as_o have_v occasion_n for_o the_o instrument_n mention_v in_o this_o book_n or_o any_o other_o mathematical_a instrument_n whatsoever_o may_v be_v furnish_v with_o the_o same_o at_o reasonable_a rate_n by_o john_n worgan_n instrument-maker_n at_o his_o shop_n under_o the_o dial_n of_o st._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleestreet_n london_n the_o content_n chap._n i._n of_o arithmetic_n in_o general_a page_n 1_o how_o to_o extract_n the_o square-root_n by_o vulgar_a arithmetic_n page_n 2_o how_o to_o extract_n the_o square-root_n by_o the_o logarithm_n page_n 7_o chap._n ii_o geometrical_a definition_n show_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o a_o point_n page_n 9_o a_o line_n ibid._n a_o angle_n ibid._n a_o perpendicular_a page_n 10_o a_o triangle_n page_n 11_o a_o square_a page_n 12_o a_o parallelogram_n ibid._n a_o rhombus_fw-la and_o rhomboide_v ibid._n a_o trapezia_n ibid._n a_o irregular_a figure_n page_n 13_o a_o regular_a polygon_n as_o pentagon_n hexagon_n etc._n etc._n page_n 14_o a_o circle_n with_o what_o thereto_o belong_v ibid._n a_o superficies_n page_n 15_o parallel-line_n page_n 16_o diagonal-line_n ibid._n chap._n iii_o geometrical_a problem_n 1._o how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o another_o two_o way_n page_n 17_o 2._o how_o to_o raise_v a_o perpendicular_a upon_o the_o end_n of_o a_o line_n two_o way_n page_n 18_o 3._o how_o from_o a_o point_n assign_v to_o let_v fall_v a_o perpendicular_a upon_o a_o line_n give_v page_n 20_o 4._o how_o to_o divide_v a_o line_n into_o any_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n page_n 21_o 5._o how_o to_o make_v a_o angle_n equal_a to_o any_o other_o angle_n give_v page_n 22_o 6._o how_o to_o make_v line_n parallel_v to_o each_o other_o page_n 23_o 7._o how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n parallel_n to_o another_o line_n which_o must_v also_o pass_v through_o a_o point_n assign_v page_n 24_o 8._o three_o line_n be_v give_v how_o to_o make_v thereof_o a_o triangle_n ibid._n 9_o how_o to_o make_v a_o triangle_n equal_a to_o a_o triangle_n give_v page_n 25_o 10._o how_o to_o make_v a_o square_a figure_n page_n 26_o 11._o how_o to_o make_v a_o long_a square_n or_o parallelogram_n ibid._n 12._o how_o to_o make_v a_o rhomub_n or_o rhomboide_v page_n 27_o 13._o to_o make_v regular_a polygon_n as_o pentagon_n hexagon_n heptagon_n etc._n etc._n page_n 28_o 14._o three_o point_n be_v give_v how_o to_o make_v a_o circle_n who_o circumference_n shall_v pass_v through_o the_o three_o give_v point_n page_n 32_o 15._o how_o to_o make_v a_o ellipsis_n or_o oval_a several_a way_n page_n 33_o 16._o how_o to_o divide_v a_o give_v line_n into_o two_o part_n which_o shall_v be_v in_o such_o proportion_n to_o each_o other_o as_o two_o give_v line_n page_n 36_o 17._o three_o line_n be_v give_v to_o find_v a_o four_o in_o proportion_n to_o they_o page_n 37_o chap._n iv_o of_o measure_n in_o general_n i._o of_o long_a measure_n show_v by_o what_o kind_n of_o measure_n land_n be_v survey_v and_o also_o how_o to_o reduce_v one_o sort_n of_o long_a measure_n into_o another_o page_n 39_o a_o general_n table_n of_o long_a measure_n ibid._n a_o table_n show_v how_o many_o foot_n and_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n also_o how_o many_o perch_n and_o part_n of_o a_o perch_n be_v contain_v in_o any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n from_o one_o link_n to_o a_o hundred_o chain_n page_n 41_o a_o table_n show_v how_o many_o chain_n link_n and_o part_n of_o a_o link_n also_o how_o many_o perch_n and_o part_n of_o a_o perch_n be_v contain_v in_o any_o number_n of_o foot_n from_o 1_o foot_n to_o 10000_o page_n 44_o ii_o of_o square_a measure_n show_v what_o it_o be_v and_o how_o to_o reduce_v one_o sort_n into_o another_o page_n 46_o a_o general_n table_n of_o square_a measure_n page_n 47_o a_o table_n show_v the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o a_o acre_n in_o perch_n foot_n and_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n page_n 49_o a_o table_n to_o turn_v perch_n into_o acre_n rood_n and_o perch_v page_n 53_o chap._n v._o of_o instrument_n and_o their_o use_n of_o the_o chain_n page_n 54_o of_o instrument_n for_o the_o take_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n page_n 56_o to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n by_o plain_a table_n page_n 57_o to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n by_o semicircle_n page_n 58_o to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n by_o circumferentor_n etc._n etc._n several_a way_n ibid._n of_o the_o field-book_n page_n 61_o of_o the_o scale_n with_o several_a use_v thereof_o and_o how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n of_o chord_n page_n 62_o etc._n etc._n of_o the_o protractor_n page_n 68_o chap._n vi_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n in_o any_o place_n thereof_o from_o whence_o you_o may_v see_v all_o the_o angle_n by_o the_o semicircle_n and_o to_o protract_v the_o same_o page_n 71_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o the_o same_o field_n at_o one_o station_n by_o the_o plain_a table_n page_n 74_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o the_o same_o field_n at_o one_o station_n by_o the_o semicircle_n either_o with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o needle_n and_o limb_n both_o together_o or_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o needle_n only_o ibid._n how_o by_o the_o semicircle_n to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n in_o any_o angle_n thereof_o from_o whence_o the_o other_o angle_n may_v be_v see_v and_o to_o protract_v the_o same_o page_n 76_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o two_o station_n provide_v from_o either_o station_n you_o may_v see_v every_o angle_n and_o measure_v only_o the_o stationary_a distance_n also_o to_o protract_v the_o same_o page_n 79_o 82_o etc._n etc._n how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o two_o station_n when_o the_o field_n be_v so_o irregular_a that_o from_o one_o station_n you_o can_v see_v all_o the_o angel_n page_n 83_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n in_o a_o angle_n so_o that_o from_o that_o angle_n you_o may_v see_v all_o the_o other_o angles_n by_o measure_v round_o about_o the_o say_a field_n page_n 86_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o the_o forego_n field_n by_o measure_v one_o line_n only_o and_o take_v observation_n at_o every_o angle_n page_n 88_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o large_a field_n or_o wood_n by_o measure_v round_o the_o same_o and_o take_v observation_n at_o every_o angle_n by_o the_o semicircle_n page_n 90_o when_o you_o have_v survey_v after_o this_o manner_n how_o to_o know_v before_o you_o go_v out_o of_o the_o field_n whether_o you_o have_v wrought_v true_a or_o not_o page_n 94_o direction_n how_o to_o measure_v parallel_n to_o a_o hedge_n when_o you_o can_v go_v in_o the_o hedge_n itself_o and_o also_o in_o such_o case_n how_o to_o take_v your_o angel_n page_n 95_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n or_o wood_n by_o observe_v near_o every_o angle_n and_o measure_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o mark_v of_o observation_n by_o take_v in_o every_o line_n two_o
but_o no_o thickness_n who_o bound_n be_v line_n as_o a_o be_v a_o superficies_n or_o plain_n contain_v in_o these_o line_n bc_n de_fw-fr bd_o ce_fw-fr which_o have_v length_n from_o b_o to_z c_z and_o breadth_n from_o b_o to_z d_o but_o no_o thickness_n when_o these_o bound_a line_n be_v measure_v and_o the_o content_a of_o the_o superficies_n cast_v up_o the_o result_n be_v call_v the_o area_n or_o superficial_a content_n of_o that_o figure_n example_n suppose_v the_o line_n bc_n to_o be_v twelve_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o the_o line_n bd_o to_o be_v four_o foot_n long_o they_o multiply_v together_o make_v 48_o therefore_o i_o say_v 48_o square_a foot_n be_v the_o area_n or_o superficial_a content_n of_o that_o figure_n a_o diagonal_a line_n be_v a_o line_n run_v through_o a_o square_a figure_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o triangle_n begin_v at_o one_o angle_n of_o the_o square_n and_o proceed_v to_o the_o opposite_a angle_n in_o the_o square_n abcd_v ad_fw-la be_v the_o diagonal_a line_n chap._n iii_o geometrical_a problem_n prob._n i._n how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o a_o line_n give_v the_o line_n give_v be_v ab_fw-la and_o at_o the_o point_n c_o it_o be_v require_v to_o erect_v a_o line_n which_o shall_v be_v perpendicular_a to_o ab_fw-la open_v your_o compass_n to_o any_o convenient_a wideness_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o they_o in_o the_o point_n c_o with_o the_o other_o make_v a_o mark_n upon_o the_o line_n at_o e_o and_o also_o at_o d_o then_o take_v off_o your_o compass_n open_v they_o a_o little_a wide_o than_o before_o and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n d_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_a ff_n then_o without_o alter_v your_o compass_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n e_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n gg_n last_o lay_v your_o ruler_n to_o the_o point_n c_o and_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o two_o arch_n gg_n and_o ff_n which_o be_v at_o h_n and_o draw_v the_o line_n hc_n you_o have_v your_o desire_n hc_fw-la be_v perpendicular_a to_o ab_fw-la see_v it_o here_o do_v again_o after_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n but_o may_v perhaps_o be_v plain_a for_o your_o understanding_n prob._n two_o how_o to_o raise_v a_o perpendicular_a upon_o the_o end_n of_o a_o line_n ab_fw-la be_v the_o line_n give_v and_o at_o b_o it_o be_v require_v to_o erect_v the_o perpendicular_a bc._n if_o you_o have_v room_n you_o may_v extend_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la to_o what_o length_n you_o please_v and_o work_v as_o above_o but_o if_o not_o then_o thus_o you_o may_v do_v it_o open_v your_o compass_n to_o a_o ordinary_a extent_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n b_o let_v the_o other_o fall_n at_o adventure_n no_o matter_n where_o in_o reason_n as_o at_o the_o point_n ☉_o then_o without_o alter_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o compass_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n ☉_o and_o with_o the_o other_o across_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la as_o at_z d_o also_o on_o the_o other_o side_n describe_v the_o arch_n e_o then_o lay_v your_o ruler_n to_o d_o and_o ☉_o draw_v the_o prick_a line_n d_o ☉_o f._n last_o from_o the_o point_n b_o you_o begin_v at_o through_o the_o interjection_n at_o g_o draw_v the_o line_n b_o g_o c_o which_o be_v perpendicular_a to_o ab_fw-la another_o way_n to_o do_v the_o same_o i_o think_v more_o easy_a though_o indeed_o almost_o the_o same_o let_v ab_fw-la be_v the_o give_v line_n by_o the_o perpendicular_a require_v set_a one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o b_o and_o with_o the_o other_o at_o any_o ordinary_a extent_n describe_v the_o arch_n cefd_n then_o keep_v your_o compass_n at_o the_o same_o extent_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o and_o make_v a_o mark_n upon_o the_o arch_n at_o e_o also_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o e_o make_v another_o mark_n at_o f_o then_o open_v your_o compass_n or_o else_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n which_o you_o please_v set_v one_o foot_n in_o e_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n gg_n also_o set_v one_o point_n in_o f_o make_v the_o arch_a hh_n then_o draw_v a_o line_n through_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o arch_n g_o and_o h_o to_o the_o point_n first_o propose_v b_o you_o have_v the_o perpendicular_a line_n ib_n prob._n iii._o how_o from_o a_o point_n assign_v to_o let_v fall_v a_o perpendicular_a upon_o a_o line_n give_v the_o line_n give_v be_v ab_fw-la the_o point_n be_v at_o c_o from_o which_o it_o be_v desire_v to_o draw_v a_o line_n down_o to_o ab_fw-la that_o may_v be_v perpendicular_a to_o it_o first_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o point_n c_o with_o the_o other_o make_v a_o mark_n upon_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la as_o at_o d_o and_o also_o at_o e_z then_o open_v your_o compass_n wide_a or_o shut_v they_o close_o either_o will_v do_v set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n of_o intersection_n at_o d_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_a gg_n the_o like_a do_v at_o e_o for_o the_o arch_a hh_n last_o from_o the_o point_n assign_v through_o the_o point_n of_o intersection_n of_o the_o two_o arch_n gg_n and_o hh_n draw_v the_o perpendicular_a line_n cf._n this_o be_v no_o more_o but_o the_o first_o problem_n reverse_v the_o same_o you_o may_v do_v by_o the_o second_o problem_n viz._n let_v fall_v a_o perpendicular_a nigh_o the_o end_n of_o a_o give_v line_n prob._n four_o how_o to_o divide_v a_o line_n into_o any_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n ab_fw-la be_v a_o line_n give_v and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o divide_v it_o into_o 6_o equal_a part_n make_v at_o the_o point_n b_o a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o ab_fw-la as_o bc_n do_v the_o same_o at_o a_o the_o contrary_a way_n as_o you_o see_v here_o open_v your_o compass_n to_o any_o convenient_a wideness_n and_o upon_o the_o line_n bc_n and_o ad_fw-la mark_v out_o five_o equal_a part_n for_o it_o must_v be_v always_o one_o less_o than_o the_o number_n you_o intend_v to_o divide_v the_o line_n into_o which_o part_v you_o may_v number_v as_o you_o see_v here_o those_o upon_o one_o line_n one_o way_n and_o the_o other_o the_o contrary_a way_n the_o lay_v your_o ruler_n from_o no._n 1._o on_o the_o line_n bc_n to_o no._n 1._o on_o the_o line_n ad_fw-la it_o will_v intersect_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la at_o e_z which_o you_o may_v mark_v with_o your_o pen_n and_o the_o distance_n between_o b_o and_z e_z be_v one_o six_o part_n of_o the_o line_n so_o proceed_v on_o till_o you_o come_v to_o no._n 5._o and_o then_o you_o will_v find_v that_o you_o have_v divide_v the_o give_v line_n into_o six_o equal_a part_n as_o require_v prob._n v._n how_o to_o make_v a_o angle_n equal_a to_o any_o other_o angle_n give_v the_o angle_n give_v be_v a_o and_o you_o be_v desire_v to_o make_v one_o equal_a to_o it_o draw_v the_o right_a line_n bc_n then_o go_v to_o the_o angle_n a_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o point_n h_o and_o with_o the_o other_o at_o what_o distance_n you_o please_v describe_v the_o arch_n ik_fw-mi then_o without_o alter_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o compass_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o b_o and_o draw_v the_o like_a arch_n as_o fg_v after_o that_o measure_n with_o your_o compass_n how_o far_o it_o be_v from_o k_o to_o i_o and_o the_o same_o distance_n set_v down_o upon_o the_o arch_n from_o g_o towards_o f_z which_o will_v fall_v at_o e_o after_o draw_v the_o line_n bed_n and_o you_o have_v do_v prob._n vi_fw-la how_o to_o make_v line_n parallel_v to_o each_o other_o ab_fw-la be_v a_o line_n give_v and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o make_v a_o line_n parallel_n unto_o it_o set_a one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n at_o or_o near_o the_o end_n of_o the_o give_v line_n as_o at_o c_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n ab_fw-la do_v the_o same_o near_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o same_o line_n and_o through_o the_o utmost_a convex_a of_o those_o two_o arch_n draw_v the_o parallel_n line_n c._n d._n prob._n seven_o how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n parallel_n to_o another_o line_n which_o must_v also_o pass_v through_o a_o point_n assign_v let_v ab_fw-la be_v the_o give_v line_n c_o the_o point_n through_o which_o the_o require_a parallel_n line_n must_v pass_v set_a one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o c_o and_o close_v they_o so_o that_o they_o will_v just_o touch_v and_o no_o more_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la describe_v the_o arch_n aa_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o give_v line_n set_v one_o foot_n and_o describe_v another_o arch_n as_o at_o d_o then_o through_o the_o assign_a point_n and_o the_o utmost_a convex_a of_o the_o last_o arch_n draw_v the_o require_a line_n cd_o
which_o be_v parallel_n to_o ab_fw-la and_o pass_v through_o the_o point_n c._n prob._n viij_o how_o to_o make_v a_o triangle_n three_o line_n be_v give_v you_o let_v the_o three_o line_n give_v be_v 1_o 2_o 3_o the_o question_n be_v how_o to_o make_v a_o triangle_n of_o they_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o either_o of_o the_o three_o in_o this_o example_n let_v it_o be_v that_o no._n 1._o viz._n the_o long_a and_o lay_v it_o down_o as_o hereunder_o from_o a_o to_o b_o then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n 2_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o b_o and_o make_v the_o arch_n c_o also_o take_v the_o length_n of_o the_o last_o line_n 3._o place_n your_o compass_n at_o a_o and_o make_v the_o arch_n d_o which_o will_v intersect_v the_o arch_a cat_n the_o point_n e_o from_o which_o point_n of_o intersection_n draw_v line_n to_o ab_fw-la which_o shall_v constitute_v the_o triangle_n aeb_fw-mi the_o line_n ab_fw-la be_v equal_a to_o the_o line_n no._n 1_o be_v to_o no._n 2_o ae_n to_o no._n 3._o prob._n ix_o how_o to_o make_v a_o triangle_n equal_a to_o a_o triangle_n give_v and_o every_o way_n in_o the_o same_o proportion_n first_o make_v a_o angle_n equal_a to_o the_o angle_n at_o a_o as_o you_o be_v teach_v in_o prob._n v._n then_o make_v the_o line_n ad_fw-la and_o ae_n equal_a to_o ab_fw-la and_o ac_fw-la draw_v the_o line_n de._n or_o otherwise_o you_o may_v do_v it_o as_o you_o be_v teach_v in_o prob._n viij_o prob._n x._o how_o to_o make_v a_o square_a figure_n let_v a_o be_v a_o line_n give_v and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o make_v a_o square_a figure_n each_o side_n of_o which_o shall_v just_o be_v the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n a._n first_o lay_v down_o the_o length_n of_o your_o line_n a_o as_o ab_fw-la second_o raise_v a_o perpendicular_a of_o the_o same_o length_n at_o b._n three_o take_v the_o length_n of_o either_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a line_n with_o your_o compass_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o describe_v the_o arch_n ee_fw-mi do_v the_o like_a at_o a_o and_o describe_v the_o arch_a ff_n four_o draw_v line_n from_o a_o and_o c_o into_o the_o point_n of_o intersection_n and_o the_o square_n be_v finish_v prob._n xi_o how_o to_o make_v a_o parallelogram_n or_o long_o square_a this_o be_v much_o like_o the_o former_a admit_v two_o line_n be_v give_v you_o as_o 1_o 2_o and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o make_v a_o parallelogram_n of_o they_o what_o a_o parallelogram_n be_v you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o definition_n first_o lay_v down_o your_o long_a line_n as_o ab_fw-la upon_o the_o end_n of_o which_o erect_v a_o perpendicular_a line_n equal_a in_o length_n to_o your_o short_a line_n and_o so_o proceed_v as_o you_o be_v teach_v in_o the_o forego_n problem_n prob._n twelve_o how_o to_o make_v a_o rhombus_fw-la first_o make_v a_o angle_n suppose_v acb_n no_o matter_n how_o great_a or_o small_a but_o be_v sure_o let_v the_o two_o line_n be_v of_o equal_a length_n then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o one_o of_o those_o two_o line_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o a_o and_o describe_v the_o arch_a bb_n also_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o b_o and_o describe_v the_o arch_a cc._n last_o draw_v line_n and_o it_o be_v finish_v two_o equilateral_a triangle_n be_v a_o rhombus_fw-la a_o rhomboide_n differ_v just_a so_o much_o and_o no_o more_o from_o a_o rhombus_fw-la as_o a_o parallelogram_n do_v from_o a_o true_a square_n it_o be_v needless_a therefore_o i_o presume_v to_o show_v you_o how_o to_o make_v it_o prob._n xiii_o how_o to_o divide_v a_o circle_n into_o any_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n not_o exceed_v ten_o or_o otherwise_o how_o to_o make_v the_o figure_n call_v pentagon_n hexagon_n haptagon_n octogon_n etc._n etc._n let_v abcd_n be_v a_o circle_n in_o which_o be_v require_v to_o be_v make_v a_o triangle_n the_o great_a that_o can_v be_v make_v in_o that_o circle_n keep_v your_o compass_n at_o the_o same_o extent_n they_o be_v at_o when_o you_o make_v the_o circle_n set_v one_o point_n of_o they_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o circle_n as_o at_o a_o and_o with_o the_o other_o make_v a_o mark_n at_o e_z and_o f_o and_o draw_v a_o line_n between_o e_z and_o f_o which_o will_v be_v one_o side_n of_o the_o triangle_n i_o need_v not_o tell_v you_o how_o to_o make_v the_o other_o two_o side_n for_o it_o be_v a_o equilateral_a triangle_n all_o three_o side_n be_v of_o equal_a length_n to_o make_v a_o pentagon_n or_o five-sided_n figure_n draw_v first_o a_o obscure_a circle_n as_o abcd_v then_o draw_v a_o diameter_n from_o a_o to_o b_o make_v another_o diameter_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o first_o as_o cd_o then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o the_o semi-diameter_n set_v one_o point_n in_o a_o and_o make_v the_o mark_n of_o draw_v a_o line_n between_o they_o as_o you_o do_v to_o make_v the_o triangle_n next_o set_v one_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o intersection_n at_o g_o and_o extend_v the_o other_o to_o c_o draw_v the_o arch_n ch_z the_o near_a distance_n between_o c_o and_z h_n viz._n the_o line_n cih_n be_v the_o side_n of_o a_o pentagon_n and_o the_o great_a that_o can_v be_v make_v within_o that_o circle_n which_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n of_o your_o compass_n you_o may_v mark_v out_o round_o the_o circle_n and_o draw_v line_n the_o figure_n will_v be_v finish_v to_o make_v a_o hexagon_n or_o six-sided_n figure_n draw_v a_o obscure_a circle_n as_o you_o see_v here_o and_o then_o without_o alter_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o compass_n mark_v out_o the_o hexagon_n require_v round_o the_o circle_n for_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o any_o circle_n be_v the_o side_n of_o the_o great_a hexagon_n that_o can_v be_v make_v within_o the_o same_o circle_n this_o be_v the_o way_n cooper_n use_n to_o make_v head_n for_o their_o cask_n to_o make_v a_o heptagon_n or_o figure_n of_o seven_o equal_a sides_n and_o angle_n you_o must_v begin_v and_o proceed_v as_o if_o you_o be_v go_v to_o inscribe_v a_o triangle_n in_o a_o circle_n till_o you_o have_v draw_v the_o line_n of_o then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o half_a of_o that_o line_n viz._n from_o ☉_o to_o e_z or_o from_o ☉_o to_o f_o mark_v out_o round_o the_o circle_n your_o heptagon_n for_o the_o half_a of_o the_o line_n of_o be_v one_o side_n of_o it_o to_o make_v a_o octogon_n common_o call_v a_o eight-square_a figure_n first_o make_v a_o circle_n second_o divide_v it_o into_o four_o equal_a part_n by_o two_o diameter_n the_o one_o perpendicular_a to_o the_o other_o as_o ab_fw-la and_o cd_o three_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n in_o a_o and_o make_v the_o arch_n e_o e_o also_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o and_o make_v the_o arch_a ff_n then_o through_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o two_o arch_n draw_v a_o line_n to_o the_o centre_n viz._n gh_o last_o draw_v the_o line_n i_fw-mi or_o ja_z either_o of_o which_o be_v the_o side_n of_o a_o octagon_n to_o make_v a_o nonagon_n first_o make_v a_o circle_n and_o a_o triangle_n in_o it_o as_o you_o be_v teach_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o problem_n then_o divide_v one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o circle_n as_o for_o example_n that_o a_o 1_o 2_o 3_o b_o into_o three_o equal_a part_n last_o draw_v the_o line_n a_o 1_o 1_o 2_o 2_o b_o etc._n etc._n each_o of_o these_o line_n be_v the_o side_n of_o a_o nonagon_n to_o make_v a_o decagon_n you_o must_v work_v altogether_o as_o you_o do_v in_o make_v a_o pentagon_n see_v the_o pentagon_n above_o where_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n k_o to_o the_o point_n at_o h_n be_v the_o side_n of_o a_o decagon_n or_o ten-sided_n figure_n prob._n fourteen_o three_o point_n be_v give_v how_o to_o make_v a_o circle_n who_o circumference_n shall_v pass_v through_o the_o three_o give_v point_n provide_v the_o three_o point_n be_v not_o in_o a_o straight_a line_n let_v a_o b_o c_o be_v the_o three_o point_n give_v first_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o a_o open_v they_o to_o any_o convenient_a wideness_n more_o than_o half_a the_o distance_n between_o a_o and_o b_o and_o describe_v the_o arch_n dd_v then_o without_o alter_v the_o extent_n set_v one_o point_n in_o b_o and_o cross_v the_o first_o arch_n at_o e_o and_o e_o through_o those_o two_o intersection_n draw_v the_o line_n i_fw-mi the_o very_a same_o you_o must_v do_v between_o b_o and_o c_o and_o draw_v the_o line_n ff_n where_o these_o two_o line_n intersect_v each_o other_o as_o at_o g_o the_fw-mi be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n require_v therefore_o set_v one_o foot_n
example_n 1599_o square_a chain_n and_o 55_o square_a link_n how_o many_o acre_n rood_n and_o perch_n  _fw-fr acres_n 159955_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 4_o answer_v 159_o acre_n 3_o rood_n 32_o 8_o 8_o 10._o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr rood_v 3620_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 40_o  _fw-fr perch_v 24800_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o to_o any_o number_n of_o acre_n give_v you_o add_v a_o cypher_n they_o will_v be_v turn_v into_o chain_n thus_o 99_o acre_n be_v 990_o chain_n 100_o acre_n 1000_o chain_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o as_o if_o you_o have_v multiply_v the_o acre_n by_o 10._o and_o if_o you_o will_v turn_v square_a chain_n into_o square_a link_n add_v four_o cipher_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o chain_n so_o will_v 990_o chain_n be_v 9900000_o link_n 1000_o chain_n 10000000_o link_n all_o one_o as_o if_o you_o have_v multiply_v 990_o by_o 10000_o the_o number_n of_o square_a link_n contain_v in_o one_o chain_n and_o now_o whereas_o in_o cast_v up_o the_o content_a of_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n measure_v by_o mr._n gunter_n chain_n viz._n multiply_a chain_n and_o link_n by_o chain_n and_o link_n the_o product_n will_v be_v square_a link_n you_o must_v therefore_o from_o that_o product_n cut_v off_o five_o figure_n to_o find_v the_o acre_n which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o if_o you_o divide_v the_o product_n by_o 100000_o the_o number_n of_o square_a link_n contain_v in_o one_o acre_n then_o multiply_v the_o five_o figure_n cut_v off_o by_o 4_o and_o from_o that_o product_n cut_v off_o five_o figure_n you_o will_v have_v the_o rood_n last_o multiply_v by_o 40_o and_o take_v away_o as_o before_o 5_o figure_n the_o rest_n be_v perch_n example_n admit_v a_o parallelogram_n or_o long_o square_a to_o be_v one_o way_n 5_o chain_n 55_o link_n and_o the_o other_o way_n 4_o chain_n 35_o link_n i_o demand_v the_o content_a in_o acre_n rood_n and_o perch_n  _fw-fr multiplicand_n 555_o  _fw-fr multiplicator_n 435_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 2775_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1665_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 2220_o answer_n 2_o acre_n acre_n 241425_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 4_o 1_o rood_n rood_v 165700_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 40_o 26_o perch_n perch_v 2628000_o and_o 28_o 28_o 100_o part_n of_o a_o perch_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr last_o because_o some_o man_n choose_v rather_o to_o cast_v up_o the_o content_a of_o land_n in_o perch_n i_o will_v here_o brief_o show_v you_o how_o it_o be_v do_v which_o be_v only_o by_o divide_v by_o 160_o the_o number_n of_o square_n perch_v contain_v in_o one_o acre_n the_o number_n of_o perch_n give_v example_n admit_v a_o parallelogram_n to_o be_v in_o length_n 55_o perch_n and_o in_o breadth_n 45_o perch_n these_o two_o multiply_v together_o make_v 2475_o perch_n which_o to_o turn_v into_o acre_n divide_v by_o 160_o the_o quotient_n be_v 15_o acre_n and_o 75_o perch_n remain_v which_o to_o turn_v into_o rood_n divide_v by_o 40_o the_o quotient_n be_v 1_o rood_n and_o 35_o perch_n remain_v so_o much_o be_v the_o content_a of_o such_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n viz._n 15_o acre_n 1_o rood_n and_o 35_o perch_n here_o follow_v a_o table_n to_o turn_v perch_n into_o acre_n rood_n and_o perch_n perch_v acres_n rood_v perch_n 40_o 0_o 1_o 00_o 50_o 0_o 1_o 10_o 60_o 0_o 1_o 20_o 70_o 0_o 1_o 30_o 80_o 0_o 2_o 00_o 90_o 0_o 2_o 10_o 100_o 0_o 2_o 20_o 200_o 1_o 1_o 00_o 300_o 1_o 3_o 20_o 400_o 2_o 2_o 00_o 500_o 3_o 0_o 20_o 600_o 3_o 3_o 00_o 700_o 4_o 1_o 20_o 800_o 5_o 0_o 00_o 900_o 5_o 2_o 20_o 1000_o 6_o 1_o 00_o 2000_o 12_o 2_o 00_o 3000_o 18_o 3_o 00_o 4000_o 25_o 0_o 00_o 5000_o 31_o 1_o 00_o 6000_o 37_o 2_o 00_o 7000_o 43_o 3_o 00_o 8000_o 50_o 0_o 00_o 9000_o 56_o 1_o 00_o 10000_o 62_o 2_o 00_o 20000_o 125_o 0_o 00_o 30000_o 187_o 2_o 00_o 40000_o 250_o 0_o 00_o 50000_o 312_o 2_o 00_o 60000_o 375_o 0_o 00_o 70000_o 437_o 2_o 00_o 80000_o 500_o 0_o 00_o 90000_o 562_o 2_o 00_o 100000_o 625_o 0_o 00_o the_o use_n of_o this_o table_n in_o 2475_o perch_n how_o many_o acre_n rood_n and_o perch_n perch_n acres_n rood_n perch_n 2000_o 12_o 2_o 00_o 400_o 2_o 2_o 00_o 70_o 0_o 1_o 30_o to_o which_o add_v the_o odd_a 5_o perch_n 0_o 0_o 05_o answer_n 15_o 1_o 35_o chap._n v._o of_o instrument_n and_o their_o use_n and_o first_o of_o the_o chain_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o chain_n as_o mr._n rathborne_n of_o two_o perch_n long_o other_o of_o one_o perch_n long_o some_o have_v have_v they_o 100_o foot_n in_o length_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o in_o use_n among_o surveyor_n as_o be_v indeed_o the_o best_a be_v mr._n gunter_n which_o be_v 4_o pole_n long_o contain_v 100_o link_n each_o link_n be_v 7_o 92_o 92_o 100_o inch_n the_o description_n of_o which_o chain_n and_o how_o to_o reduce_v it_o into_o any_o other_o measure_n you_o have_v at_o large_a in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n of_o measure_n in_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v only_o give_v you_o some_o few_o direction_n for_o the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o measure_v line_n take_v care_n that_o they_o which_o carry_v the_o chain_n deviate_v not_o from_o a_o straight_a line_n which_o you_o may_v do_v by_o stand_v at_o your_o instrument_n and_o look_v through_o the_o sight_n if_o you_o see_v they_o between_o you_o and_o the_o mark_v observe_v they_o be_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n otherwise_o not_o but_o without_o all_o this_o trouble_n they_o may_v carry_v the_o chain_n true_a enough_o if_o he_o that_o follow_v the_o chain_n always_o cause_v he_o that_o go_v before_o to_o be_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n between_o himself_o and_o the_o place_n they_o be_v go_v to_o so_o as_o that_o the_o foreman_n may_v always_o cover_v the_o mark_n from_o he_o that_o go_v behind_o if_o they_o swerve_v from_o the_o line_n they_o will_v make_v it_o long_o than_o real_o it_o be_v a_o straight_a line_n be_v the_o near_a distance_n that_o can_v be_v between_o any_o two_o place_n besure_n that_o they_o which_o carry_v the_o chain_n mistake_v not_o a_o chain_n either_o over_o or_o under_o in_o their_o account_n for_o if_o they_o shall_v the_o error_n will_v be_v very_o considerable_a as_o suppose_v you_o be_v to_o measure_v a_o field_n that_o you_o know_v to_o be_v exact_o square_a and_o therefore_o need_v measure_n but_o one_o side_n of_o it_o if_o the_o chain-carrier_n shall_v mistake_v but_o one_o chain_n and_o tell_v you_o the_o side_n be_v but_o 9_o chain_n when_o it_o be_v real_o 10_o you_o will_v make_v of_o the_o field_n but_o 8_o acre_n and_o 16_o perch_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v 10_o acre_n just_a and_o if_o in_o so_o small_a a_o line_n such_o a_o great_a error_n may_v arise_v what_o may_v be_v in_o a_o great_a you_o may_v easy_o imagine_v but_o the_o usual_a way_n to_o prevent_v such_o mistake_v be_v to_o be_v provide_v with_o 10_o small_a stick_n sharp_a at_o one_o end_v to_o stick_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o let_v he_o that_o go_v before_o take_v all_o into_o his_o hand_n at_o set_v out_o and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o every_o chain_n stick_v down_o one_o which_o let_v he_o that_o follow_v take_v up_o when_o the_o 10_o stick_n be_v do_v be_v sure_a they_o have_v go_v 10_o 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and_o note_v down_o in_o your_o field-book_n every_o line_n thereof_o as_o in_o this_o field_n have_v be_v before_o do_v second_o they_o bid_v you_o turn_v all_o the_o field_n into_o triangle_n as_o begin_v at_o a_o to_o measure_v the_o diagonal_a ac_fw-la ad_fw-la ae_n and_o note_v they_o down_o then_o be_v your_o field_n turn_v into_o four_o triangle_n and_o the_o diagonal_n be_v  _fw-fr chain_n link_n ac_fw-la 33_o 70_o ad_fw-la 25_o 70_o ae_n 45_o 40_o to_o plot_n which_o they_o advise_v you_o first_o to_o draw_v a_o line_n at_o adventure_n as_o the_o line_n ac_fw-la and_o to_o set_v off_o thereon_o 33_o chain_n 70_o link_n according_a to_o your_o field-book_n for_o the_o diagonal_n then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la viz._n 12_o chain_n 50_o link_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o a_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n aa_o also_o take_v the_o line_n bc_n viz._n 23_o chain_n 37_o link_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o with_o 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and_o make_v your_o assistant_n take_v the_o other_o end_n and_o stretch_v it_o out_o then_o cause_v he_o to_o move_v up_o and_o down_o till_o you_o espy_v he_o exact_o in_o a_o line_n between_o the_o stake_n and_o the_o angle_n a_o there_o let_v he_o set_v down_o a_o stick_n as_o at_o a_o and_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o stick_v a_o be_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n between_o ☉_o and_z a_o which_o you_o may_v easy_o perceive_v by_o stand_v at_o ☉_o and_o look_v to_o a._n this_o do_v cause_v he_o to_o move_v round_o towards_o b_o and_o at_o the_o chain_n end_n let_v he_o there_o stick_v down_o another_o stick_n exact_o in_o the_o line_n between_o ☉_o and_o b_o as_o at_z b._n afterward_o let_v he_o do_v the_o same_o at_o c_o at_z d_o and_z at_z e_z and_o if_o there_o be_v more_o angle_n let_v he_o plant_v a_o stick_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o chain_n in_o a_o right_a line_n between_o ☉_o and_o every_o angle_n in_o the_o next_o place_n measure_v the_o nigh_a distance_n between_o stick_n and_o stick_v as_o ab_fw-la 1_o chain_n 26_o link_n bc_n 1_o chain_n 06_o link_n cd_o 1_o chain_n 00_o link_n the_o 1_o chain_n 20_o link_n and_o put_v they_o down_o in_o your_o field-book_n according_o measure_v also_o the_o distance_n between_o ☉_o and_o every_o angle_n as_o ☉_o a_o 18_o chain_n 10_o link_n ☉_o b_o 15_o chain_n 00_o link_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o put_v down_o your_o field-bok_n will_v appear_v thus_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr chain_n link_n subtendent_fw-la or_o chord-line_n ab_fw-la 1_o 26_o bc_n 1_o 06_o cd_o 1_o 00_o de_fw-la 1_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr chain_n link_n diagonal_a or_o centre-line_n ☉_o a_n 18_o 10_o ☉_o b_o 15_o 00_o ☉_o c_o 17_o 00_o ☉_o d_o 15_o 00_o ☉_o e_o 16_o 00_o how_o to_o plot_n the_o former_a observation_n take_v from_o a_o large_a scale_n 1_o chain_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n in_o any_o convenient_a place_n of_o the_o paper_n as_o at_o ☉_o make_v the_o circle_n abcde_v then_o take_v for_o your_o first_o subtendent_fw-la or_o chord-line_n 1_o chain_n 26_o link_n set_v it_o upon_o the_o circle_n as_o from_o a_o to_o b._n from_o ☉_o through_o a_o and_o b_o draw_z line_n as_o ☉_o a_o ☉_o b_o which_o be_v sure_o let_v be_v long_o enough_o then_o take_v your_o second_o subtendent_fw-la from_o the_o same_o large_a scale_n viz._n 1_o chain_n 6_o link_n and_o set_v it_o upon_o the_o circle_n from_o b_o to_o c_o and_o through_o c_o draw_v the_o line_n ☉_o c._n when_o thus_o you_o have_v set_v off_o all_o your_o subtendent_o and_o draw_v line_n through_o their_o several_a mark_n repair_v to_o a_o small_a scale_n and_o upon_o the_o line_n draw_v set_v off_o your_o diagonal_a or_o centre_n line_n as_o you_o find_v they_o in_o the_o field-book_n so_o upon_o the_o line_n ☉_o a_o you_o must_v set_v off_o 18_o chain_n 10_o link_n make_v a_o mark_n where_o it_o fall_v as_o at_o a_o upon_o the_o line_n ☉_o b_o 15_o chain_n 00_o link_n which_o fall_v at_o b_o and_o so_o by_o all_o the_o rest_n last_o draw_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la bc_n cd_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o work_n will_v be_v finish_v it_o will_v be_v but_o run_v thing_n over_o again_o to_o show_v you_o how_o after_o this_o manner_n to_o survey_v a_o field_n at_o two_o or_o three_o station_n or_o in_o any_o angle_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n for_o if_o you_o well_o understand_v this_o you_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o rest_n chap._n vii_o how_o to_o cast_v up_o the_o content_n of_o a_o plot_n of_o land._n have_v by_o this_o time_n sufficient_o show_v you_o how_o to_o survey_v a_o field_n and_o lay_v down_o a_o true_a figure_n thereof_o upon_o paper_n i_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o teach_v you_o how_o to_o cast_v up_o the_o content_n thereof_o that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o find_v out_o how_o many_o acre_n rood_n and_o perch_v it_o contain_v and_o first_o of_o the_o square_n and_o parallelogram_n to_o cast_v up_o either_o of_o which_o multiply_v one_o side_n by_o the_o other_o the_o product_n will_v be_v the_o content_a example_n let_v a_o be_v a_o true_a square_n each_o side_n be_v 10_o chain_n multiply_v 10_o chain_n 00_o link_n by_o 10_o chain_n 00_o link_n facit_fw-la 1000000._o from_o which_o i_o cut_v off_o the_o five_o last_o figure_n and_o there_o remain_v just_a 10_o acre_n for_o the_o square_a a._n again_o in_o the_o parallelogram_n b_o let_v the_o side_n a_o b_o or_o c_o d_o be_v 20_o chain_n 50_o link_n and_o the_o side_n ac_fw-la or_o b_o d_o 10_o chain_n 00_o link_n multiply_v ab_fw-la 20_o chain_n 50_o link_n by_o ac_fw-la 10_o chain_n 00_o link_n facit_fw-la 2050000_o from_o which_o cut_v off_o the_o last_o five_o figure_n remain_v 20_o acre_n then_o if_o you_o multiply_v the_o figure_n cut_v off_o viz._n 50000_o by_o 4_o facit_fw-la 200000_o from_o which_o cut_v off_o five_o figure_n remain_v 2_o rood_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n but_o 000_o have_v be_v leave_v you_o must_v have_v multiply_v again_o by_o 40_o and_o then_o cut_v off_o again_o five_o figure_n you_o will_v have_v have_v the_o odd_a perch_n see_v it_o do_v hereunder_o i_o need_v not_o have_v multiply_v 00_o by_o 40_o for_o i_o know_v 40_o time_n nothing_n be_v nothing_o but_o only_o to_o show_v you_o in_o what_o order_n the_o figure_n will_v stand_v when_o you_o have_v odd_a perch_n as_o present_o we_o shall_v light_v on_o so_o much_o be_v the_o content_a of_o the_o long_a square_n b_o viz._n 20_o acre_n 2_o rood_n 00_o perch_n  _fw-fr 20.50_o  _fw-fr 10.00_o acre_n 2050000_o  _fw-fr 4_o rood_n 200000_o  _fw-fr 40_o perch_n 000000_o of_o
time_n 6_o be_v 24_o out_o of_o 25_o rest_v 1_o which_o put_v down_o and_o cancel_v the_o 2_o 5_o and_o 6._o again_o four_o time_n 4_o be_v 16_o out_o of_o 16_o rest_v 0_o and_o so_o have_v you_o do_v and_o find_v the_o root_n to_o be_v 234._o i_o will_v add_v but_o one_o example_n more_o for_o your_o practice_n let_v the_o number_n who_o root_n be_v require_v be_v see_v the_o work_n of_o it_o but_o in_o this_o you_o see_v there_o be_v a_o fraction_n remain_v and_o so_o there_o will_v be_v in_o most_o number_n for_o we_o seldom_o happen_v upon_o a_o number_n exact_o square_a the_o fractional_a part_n must_v therefore_o thus_o be_v take_v before_o you_o begin_v to_o extract_v add_v to_o your_o number_n give_v two_o cipher_n if_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v but_o to_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o a_o unite_n but_o if_o to_o a_o hundred_o part_n add_v four_o cipher_n if_o to_o a_o thousand_o part_n of_o a_o unite_v add_v six_o cipher_n and_o then_o work_v as_o before_o as_o if_o it_o be_v all_o one_o entire_a number_n and_o look_v how_o many_o point_n be_v place_v over_o the_o number_n first_o give_v so_o many_o place_n of_o integer_n will_v be_v in_o the_o root_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o root_n towards_o the_o right-hand_a will_v be_v the_o numerator_n of_o a_o decimal_n fraction_n for_o example_n let_v 143_o be_v the_o number_n give_v to_o be_v extract_v and_o to_o know_v the_o decimal_n fraction_n as_o near_o as_o to_o the_o hundred_o part_n of_o a_o unite_n i_o write_v it_o down_o as_o before_o annex_v four_o cipher_n to_o the_o end_n of_o it_o as_o you_o see_v hereunder_o and_o after_o have_v wrought_v it_o there_o come_v out_o in_o the_o quotient_a 1195_o but_o because_o i_o have_v but_o two_o point_n over_o the_o first_o number_n give_v viz._n i_o therefore_o at_o the_o end_n of_o two_o figure_n in_o the_o quotient_n put_v a_o point_n which_o part_v the_o whole_a number_n from_o the_o fraction_n that_o 11_o on_o the_o lefthand_n be_v integer_n and_o the_o 95_o on_o the_o right_a centesm_n of_o a_o unite_v which_o you_o may_v either_o write_v as_o above_o or_o thus_o 11_o 95_o 95_o 100_o if_o you_o please_v there_o be_v other_o way_n teach_v by_o arithmetician_n for_o find_v out_o the_o square_a root_n of_o any_o number_n but_o i_o know_v no_o way_n so_o concise_a as_o this_o and_o after_o a_o little_a practice_n so_o easy_a and_o ready_a or_o to_o be_v wrought_v with_o as_o few_o figure_n to_o do_v it_o indeed_o by_o the_o logarithm_n or_o artificial_a number_n be_v very_o easy_a and_o pleasant_a but_o surveyor_n have_v not_o always_o book_n of_o logarithm_n about_o they_o when_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o extract_v the_o square_a root_n however_o i_o will_v brief_o show_v you_o how_o to_o do_v it_o and_o give_v you_o one_o example_n thereof_o when_o you_o have_v any_o number_n give_v who_o square_a root_n you_o desire_v seek_v for_o the_o give_v number_n in_o the_o table_n of_o logarithm_n under_o the_o title_n number_n and_o right_a against_o it_o under_o the_o title_n logarithm_n you_o will_v find_v the_o logarithm_n of_o the_o say_a number_n the_o half_a of_o which_o be_v the_o logarithm_n of_o the_o root_n desire_v which_o half_o seek_v for_o under_o the_o title_n logarithm_n and_o right_a against_o it_o under_o the_o title_n number_n you_o will_v find_v the_o root_n example_n let_v 625_o be_v the_o number_n who_o root_n be_v desire_v first_o i_o seek_v for_o it_o under_o the_o title_n number_n and_o right_a against_o it_o i_o find_v this_o which_o i_o divide_v by_o 2_o or_o take_v the_o half_a of_o it_o as_o you_o see_v log._n 2,795880_o half._n 1,397940_o and_o find_v that_o half_a under_o the_o title_n log._n right_a against_o it_o be_v 25_o the_o root_n desire_v see_v the_o same_o do_v by_o the_o former_a way_n with_o less_o trouble_n chap._n ii_o geometrical_a definition_n appoint_v be_v that_o which_o have_v neither_o length_n nor_o breadth_n the_o least_o thing_n which_o can_v be_v imagine_v and_o which_o can_v be_v divide_v common_o mark_v as_o a_o full_a stop_n in_o write_n thus_o a_o line_n have_v length_n but_o no_o breadth_n nor_o thickness_n and_o be_v make_v by_o many_o point_n join_v together_o in_o length_n of_o which_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n viz._n streight_n and_o crooked_a as_o ab_fw-la be_v a_o straight_a line_n bc_n two_o crooked_a line_n a_o angle_n be_v the_o meeting_n of_o two_o line_n in_o a_o point_n provide_v the_o two_o line_n so_o meet_v do_v not_o make_v one_o straight_a line_n as_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la and_o the_o line_n ac_fw-la meet_v together_o in_o the_o point_n a_o make_v the_o angle_n bac_n of_o which_o right-lined_n angle_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n viz._n right_o angle_v acute_a obtuse_a when_o a_o line_n fall_v perpendicular_o upon_o another_o line_n it_o make_v two_o right_a angle_n example_n let_v cab_n be_v a_o right_a line_n da_n a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o it_o that_o be_v to_o say_v neither_o lean_v towards_o b_o or_o c_o but_o exact_o upright_a then_o be_v both_o the_o angle_n at_o a_o viz._n dab_n and_o dac_n right_a angle_n and_o contain_v each_o just_a 90_o degree_n or_o the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o circle_n but_o if_o the_o line_n dam_fw-ge have_v not_o be_v perpendicular_a but_o have_v lean_v towards_o b_o then_o have_v dac_n be_v a_o obtuse_a angle_n or_o great_a than_o a_o right_a angle_n and_o dab_n a_o acute_a angle_n or_o lesser_a than_o a_o right_a angle_n as_o you_o see_v hereunder_o all_o figure_n contain_v under_o three_o side_n be_v call_v triangle_n as_o a_o b_o c._n where_o note_n the_o triangle_n a_o have_v three_o equal_a side_n and_o be_v call_v a_o equilateral_a triangle_n the_o triangle_n b_o hath_z two_o side_n equal_a and_o the_o three_o unequal_a and_o be_v call_v a_o isosceles_a triangle_n the_o triangle_n c_o hath_z three_z unequal_a side_n and_o be_v call_v a_o scalenum_n of_o four_o side_v figure_n there_o be_v these_o sort_n first_o a_o square_a who_o side_n be_v all_o equal_a and_o angle_n right_o as_o a._n second_o a_o long_a square_n or_o parallelogram_n who_o opposite_a side_n be_v equal_a and_o angle_n right_o as_o b._n three_o a_o rhombus_fw-la who_o side_n be_v all_o equal_a but_o no_o angle_n right_o as_o c._n four_o a_o rhomboide_n who_o opposite_a side_n only_o be_v equal_a and_o no_o right_a angle_n as_o d._n all_o other_o four_o side_v figure_n be_v call_v trapezia_n as_o e._n other_o figure_n that_o be_v contain_v under_o 5_o 6_o 7_o or_o more_o side_n i_o call_v irregular_a as_o fg_v etc._n etc._n except_o such_o as_o be_v make_v by_o divide_v the_o circumference_n of_o a_o circle_n into_o any_o number_n of_o part_n for_o than_o they_o be_v regular_a figure_n have_v all_o their_o side_n and_o angle_n equal_a and_o be_v call_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o right_a line_n the_o circle_n be_v divide_v into_o or_o more_o proper_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o angle_n they_o contain_v as_o a_o pentagon_n hexagon_n heptagon_n octogon_n etc._n etc._n which_o in_o plain_a english_a be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o figure_n of_o five_o six_o seven_o or_o eight_o angle_n which_o angle_n be_v all_o equal_a one_o to_o another_o and_o their_o side_n consequent_o all_o of_o the_o same_o length_n and_o thus_o though_o i_o mention_v no_o more_o than_o 8_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o circle_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o as_o many_o part_n as_o you_o please_v and_o the_o regular_a figure_n arise_v out_o of_o such_o division_n be_v call_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o part_n the_o circle_n be_v divide_v into_o see_v for_o your_o better_a understanding_n these_o two_o or_o three_o follow_v pentagon_n hexagon_n heptagon_n the_o diameter_n of_o a_o circle_n be_v a_o line_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o centre_n cut_v the_o circle_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n or_o the_o long_a straight_a line_n that_o can_v be_v make_v in_o any_o circle_n as_o bc._n the_o semi-diameter_n be_v the_o half_a of_o the_o abovementioned_a line_n as_o ab_fw-la ac_fw-la or_o ad_fw-la either_o of_o which_o be_v call_v a_o semi-diameter_n a_o chord_n be_v any_o line_n short_a than_o the_o diameter_n which_o pass_v from_o one_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n to_o another_o as_o ef._n a_o semicircle_n be_v the_o half_a of_o a_o circle_n as_o bdc_n or_o bec_n a_o section_n segment_n or_o part_n of_o a_o circle_n be_v a_o piece_n of_o the_o circle_n cut_v off_o by_o a_o chord_n line_n and_o be_v great_a or_o less_o than_o a_o semicircle_n as_o ecfg_v be_v a_o segment_n of_o the_o circle_n ebdcg_n likewise_o ebdcf_n be_v the_o great_a segment_n of_o the_o same_o circle_n a_o superficies_n be_v that_o which_o have_v both_o length_n and_o breadth_n
in_o your_o field-book_n the_o length_n of_o any_o line_n you_o may_v set_v it_o thus_o if_o you_o please_v with_o a_o stop_n between_o the_o chain_n and_o link_n as_o 15_o chain_n 15_o link_n 15.15_o or_o without_o as_o thus_o 1515_o it_o will_v be_v all_o one_o in_o the_o cast_n up_o of_o instrument_n for_o the_o take_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n there_o be_v but_o two_o material_a thing_n towards_o the_o measure_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o field_n the_o one_o be_v to_o measure_v the_o line_n which_o i_o have_v show_v you_o how_o to_o do_v by_o the_o chain_n and_o the_o other_o to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o angle_n include_v by_o these_o line_n for_o which_o there_o be_v almost_o as_o many_o instrument_n as_o there_o be_v surveyor_n such_o among_o the_o rest_n as_o have_v get_v the_o great_a esteem_n in_o the_o world_n be_v the_o plain_a table_n for_o small_a enclosure_n the_o semicircle_n for_o champaign_n ground_n the_o circumferentor_n the_o theodolite_a etc._n etc._n to_o describe_v these_o to_o you_o their_o part_n how_o to_o put_v they_o together_o take_v they_o asunder_o etc._n etc._n be_v like_o teach_v the_o art_n of_o fence_v by_o book_n one_o hour_n use_v of_o they_o or_o but_o look_v on_o they_o in_o the_o instrument-maker_n shop_n will_v better_o describe_v they_o to_o you_o than_o the_o read_n one_o hundred_o sheet_n of_o paper_n concern_v they_o let_v it_o suffice_v that_o the_o only_a use_n of_o they_o all_o be_v no_o more_o or_o chief_o at_o most_o but_o this_o viz._n to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o angle_n plain_a table_n place_v the_o table_n already_o fit_v for_o the_o work_n with_o a_o sheet_n of_o paper_n upon_o it_o as_o nigh_o to_o the_o angle_n a_o as_o you_o can_v the_o north_n end_v of_o the_o needle_n hang_v direct_o over_o the_o flower_n de_fw-fr luce_n then_o make_v a_o mark_n upon_o the_o sheet_n of_o paper_n at_o any_o convenient_a place_n for_o the_o angle_n a_o and_o lay_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o index_n to_o the_o mark_n turn_v it_o about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v b_o then_o draw_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la by_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o index_n do_v the_o same_o for_o the_o line_n ac_fw-la keep_v the_o index_n still_o upon_o the_o first_o mark_n then_o will_v you_o have_v upon_o your_o table_n a_o angle_n equal_a to_o the_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o same_o angle_n by_o the_o semicircle_n place_v your_o semicircle_n in_o the_o angle_n a_o as_o near_o the_o very_a angle_n as_o possible_o you_o can_v and_o cause_n mark_v to_o be_v set_v up_o near_o b_o and_o c_o so_o far_o off_o the_o hedge_n as_o your_o instrument_n at_o a_o stand_v then_o turn_v the_o instrument_n about_o till_o through_o the_o fix_a sight_n you_o see_v the_o mark_n at_o b_o there_o screw_v it_o fast_o next_o turn_v the_o movable_a index_n till_o through_o the_o sight_n thereof_o you_o see_v the_o mark_n at_o c_o then_o see_v what_o 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such_o good_a mark_n will_v always_o happen_v but_o to_o show_v you_o how_o to_o place_v mark_n if_o it_o be_v require_v or_o to_o lay_v buoys_n you_o must_v mind_v after_o you_o have_v take_v all_o the_o sand_n to_o take_v the_o sounding_n also_o quite_o cross_a the_o channel_n all_o up_o and_o down_o and_o to_o put_v they_o down_o according_o the_o best_a time_n for_o do_v which_o be_v at_o low-water_n in_o spring-tide_n how_o to_o know_v whether_o water_n may_v be_v make_v to_o run_v from_o a_o springhead_n to_o any_o appoint_a place_n for_o this_o work_n the_o diameter_n of_o the_o semicircle_n be_v a_o little_a too_o short_a however_o a_o indifferent_a shift_n may_v be_v make_v therewith_o but_o it_o be_v better_a to_o get_v a_o water-level_n such_o as_o you_o may_v buy_v at_o the_o instrument-makers_n with_o which_o be_v provide_v as_o also_o with_o two_o assistant_n and_o each_o of_o they_o with_o a_o staff_n divide_v into_o foot_n inch_n and_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n go_v to_o the_o springhead_n and_o cause_v your_o first_o assistant_n to_o stand_v there_o with_o his_o staff_n perpendicular_a make_v the_o other_o go_v in_o a_o right-line_n towards_o the_o place_n design_v for_o bring_v the_o water_n any_o convenient_a distance_n as_o 100_o 150_o or_o 200_o yard_n and_o there_o let_v he_o stand_v and_o hold_v his_o staff_n perpendicular_a also_o then_o set_v your_o instrument_n nigh_o the_o midway_n between_o they_o make_v it_o stand_v level_n or_o horizontal_n and_o look_v through_o the_o sight_n thereof_o to_o your_o first_o assistant's_a staff_n he_o move_v a_o white_a piece_n of_o paper_n up_o or_o down_o the_o staff_n according_a to_o the_o sign_n you_o make_v to_o he_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v the_o very_a edge_n of_o the_o paper_n then_o by_o a_o sign_n make_v he_o to_o understand_v that_o you_o have_v do_v with_o he_o and_o let_v he_o write_v down_o how_o many_o foot_n inch_n and_o part_n the_o paper_n rest_v upon_o also_o go_v to_o the_o other_o end_n of_o your_o level_n do_v the_o same_o by_o the_o second_o assistant_n and_o let_v he_o write_v down_o also_o what_o number_n of_o foot_n etc._n etc._n the_o paper_n be_v from_o the_o ground_n this_o do_v let_v your_o first_o assistant_n come_v to_o the_o second_o assistant_n place_n and_o there_o let_v he_o again_o stand_v with_o his_o staff_n and_o let_v the_o second_o assistant_n go_v forward_o 100_o or_o 200_o yard_n as_o before_o and_o place_v yourself_o and_o instrument_n in_o the_o midst_n between_o they_o take_v your_o observation_n altogether_o as_o before_o and_o let_v they_o put_v they_o down_o in_o like_a manner_n and_o so_o must_v you_o do_v till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o place_n whereto_o the_o water_n be_v to_o be_v convey_v then_o examine_v the_o note_n of_o both_o your_o assistant_n and_o if_o the_o note_n of_o the_o second_o assistant_n exceed_v that_o of_o the_o first_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a the_o place_n be_v low_a than_o the_o springhead_n and_o that_o therefore_o water_n may_v be_v well_o convey_v but_o if_o the_o first_o be_v note_n exceed_v the_o second_o you_o may_v conclude_v it_o impossible_a without_o engine_n or_o the_o like_a the_o first_o assistant_n note_n stat._n foot_n inch._n pts._n ☉_o 1_o 4_o 3_o 5_o ☉_o 2_o 12_o 4_o 2_o ☉_o 3_o 3_o 5_o 1_o  _fw-fr 20_o 0_o 8_o the_o second_o assistant_n note_v stat._n foot_n inch._n pts._n ☉_o 1_o 14_o 5_o 1_o ☉_o 2_o 4_o 6_o 3_o ☉_o 3_o 9_o 2_o 4_o  _fw-fr 28_o 1_o 8_o here_o you_o see_v the_o second_o assistant_n note_n exceed_v the_o first_o 8_o foot_n 1_o inch_n which_o be_v enough_o to_o bring_v the_o water_n with_o a_o strong_a current_n and_o to_o make_v it_o also_o rise_v up_o 6_o or_o 7_o foot_n in_o the_o house_n if_o occasion_n be_v for_o such_o as_o have_v write_v of_o this_o matter_n allow_v but_o 4_o inch_n and_o ½_n fall_v in_o a_o mile_n to_o make_v the_o water_n run_v a_o table_n of_o the_o northing_n or_o sothe_v ea_v or_o westing_n of_o every_o degree_n from_o the_o meridian_n according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o chain_n run_v upon_o any_o degree_n distance_n 1_o deg._n distance_n 2_o deg._n distance_n 3_o deg._n n._n s._n e._n w._n n._n s._n e._n w._n n._n s._n e._n w._n 1_o 1.0_o .0_o 1_o 1.0_o .0_o 1_o 1.0_o .1_o 2_o 2.0_o .0_o 2_o 2.0_o .1_o 2_o 2.0_o .1_o 3_o 3.0_o .0_o 3_o 3.0_o .1_o 3_o 3.0_o .1_o 4_o 4.0_o .1_o 4_o 4.0_o .1_o 4_o 4.0_o .2_o 5_o 5.0_o .1_o 5_o 5.0_o .2_o 5_o 5.0_o .2_o 6_o 6.0_o .1_o 6_o 6.0_o .2_o 6_o 6.0_o .3_o 7_o 7.0_o .1_o 7_o 7.0_o .2_o 7_o 7.0_o .4_o 8_o 8.0_o .1_o 8_o 8.0_o .3_o 8_o 8.0_o .4_o 9_o 9.0_o .2_o 9_o 9.0_o .3_o 9_o 9.0_o .5_o 10_o 10.0_o .2_o 10_o 10.0_o .3_o 10_o 10.0_o .5_o 20_o 20.0_o .4_o 20_o 20.0_o .7_o 20_o 20.0_o 1.0_o 30_o 30.0_o .5_o 30_o 30.0_o 1.0_o 30_o 30.0_o 1.6_o 40_o 40.0_o .7_o 40_o 40.0_o 1.4_o 40_o 40.0_o 2.1_o 50_o 50.0_o .9_o 50_o 50.0_o 1.7_o 50_o 50.0_o 2.6_o 60_o 60.0_o 1.1_o 60_o 60.0_o 2.1_o 60_o 59.9_o 3.1_o 70_o 70.0_o 1.2_o 70_o 70.0_o 2.4_o 70_o 69.9_o 3.7_o 80_o 80.0_o 1.4_o 80_o 80.0_o 2.8_o 80_o 79.9_o 4.2_o 90_o 90.0_o 1.6_o 90_o 89.9_o 3.1_o 90_o 89.9_o 4.7_o 100_o 100.0_o 1.8_o 100_o 99.9_o 3.5_o 100_o 99.9_o 5.2_o dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n 89_o deg._n 88_o deg._n 87_o deg._n distance_n 4_o deg._n distance_n 5_o deg._n distance_n 6_o deg._n n._n s._n e._n w._n n._n s._n e._n w._n n._n s._n e._n w._n 1_o 1.0_o .1_o 1_o 1.0_o .1_o 1_o 1.0_o .1_o 2_o 2.0_o .1_o 2_o 2.0_o .2_o 2_o 2.0_o .2_o 3_o 3.0_o .2_o 3_o 3.0_o .3_o 3_o 3.0_o .3_o 4_o 4.0_o .3_o 4_o 4.0_o .3_o 4_o 4.0_o .4_o 5_o 5.0_o .3_o 5_o 5.0_o .4_o 5_o 5.0_o .5_o 6_o 6.0_o .4_o 6_o 6.0_o .5_o 6_o 6.0_o .6_o 7_o 7.0_o .5_o 7_o 7.0_o .6_o 7_o 7.0_o .7_o 8_o 8.0_o .6_o 8_o 8.0_o .7_o 8_o 8.0_o .8_o 9_o 9.0_o .6_o 9_o 9.0_o .8_o 9_o 8.9_o .9_o 10_o 10.0_o .7_o 10_o 10.0_o .9_o 10_o 9.9_o 1.0_o 20_o 20.0_o 1.4_o 20_o 19.9_o 1.7_o 20_o 19.9_o 2.1_o 30_o 29.9_o 2.1_o 30_o 29.9_o 2.6_o 30_o 29.8_o 3.1_o 40_o 39.9_o 2.8_o 40_o 39.8_o 3.5_o 40_o 39.8_o 4.2_o 50_o 49.9_o 3.5_o 50_o 49.8_o 4.4_o 50_o 49.7_o 5.2_o 60_o 59.9_o 4.2_o 60_o 59.8_o 5.3_o 60_o 59.7_o 6.3_o 70_o 69.8_o 4.9_o 70_o 69.7_o 6.1_o 70_o 69.6_o 7.3_o 80_o 79.8_o 5.7_o 80_o 79.7_o 7.1_o 80_o 79.6_o 8.3_o 90_o 89.8_o 6.3_o 90_o 89.7_o 7.9_o 90_o 89.5_o 9.4_o 100_o 99.8_o 7.0_o 100_o 99.6_o 8.7_o 100_o 99.5_o 10.4_o dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n 86_o deg._n 85_o deg._n 84_o deg._n distance_n 7_o deg._n distance_n 8_o deg._n distance_n 9_o deg._n n._n s._n e._n w._n n._n s._n e._n w._n n._n s._n e._n w._n 1_o 1.0_o .1_o 1_o 1.0_o .1_o 1_o 1.0_o .2_o 2_o 2.0_o .2_o 2_o 2.0_o .3_o 2_o 2.0_o .3_o 3_o 3.0_o .4_o 3_o 3.0_o .4_o 3_o 3.0_o .5_o 4_o 4.0_o .5_o 4_o 4.0_o .6_o 4_o 4.0_o .6_o 5_o 5.0_o .6_o 5_o 5.0_o .7_o 5_o 4.9_o .8_o 6_o 6.0_o .7_o 6_o 5.9_o .8_o 6_o 5.9_o .9_o 7_o 6.9_o .8_o 7_o 6.9_o 1.0_o 7_o 6.9_o 1.1_o 8_o 7.9_o 1.0_o 8_o 7.9_o 1.1_o 8_o 7.9_o 1.3_o 9_o 8.9_o 1.1_o 9_o 8.9_o 1.3_o 9_o 8.9_o 1.4_o 10_o 9.9_o 1.2_o 10_o 9.9_o 1.4_o 10_o 9.9_o 1.6_o 20_o 19.9_o 2.4_o 20_o 19.8_o 2.8_o 20_o 19.8_o 3.1_o 30_o 29.8_o 3.7_o 30_o 29.7_o 4.2_o 30_o 29.6_o 4.7_o 40_o 39.7_o 4.9_o 40_o 39.6_o 5.6_o 40_o 39.5_o 6.3_o 50_o 49.6_o 6.1_o 50_o 49.5_o 7.0_o 50_o 49.4_o 7.8_o 60_o 59.6_o 7.3_o 60_o 59.4_o 8.3_o 60_o 59.3_o 9.4_o 70_o 69.5_o 8.5_o 70_o 69.3_o 9.7_o 70_o 69.1_o 10.9_o 80_o 79.4_o 9.8_o 80_o 79.2_o 11.1_o 80_o 79.0_o 12.5_o 90_o 89.3_o 11.0_o 90_o 89.1_o 12.5_o 90_o 88.9_o 14.1_o 100_o 99.3_o 12.2_o 100_o 99.0_o 13.9_o 100_o 98.8_o 15.6_o dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n dist_n e._n w._n n._n s._n 83_o deg._n 82_o deg._n 81_o deg._n distance_n 10_o deg._n distance_n 11_o deg._n distance_n 12_o deg_n n._n s._n e._n w._n n._n s._n e._n w._n n._n s._n e._n w._n 1_o 1.0_o .2_o 1_o 1.0_o .2_o 1_o 1.0_o .2_o 2_o 2.0_o .3_o 2_o 2.0_o .4_o 2_o 2.0_o .4_o 3_o 3.0_o .5_o 3_o 2.9_o .6_o 3_o 2.9_o .6_o 4_o 3.9_o .7_o 4_o 3.9_o .8_o 4_o 3.9_o .8_o 5_o 4.9_o .9_o 5_o 4.9_o .9_o 5_o 4.9_o 1.0_o 6_o 5.9_o 1.0_o 6_o 5.9_o 1.1_o 6_o 5.9_o 1.2_o 7_o 6.9_o 1.2_o 7_o 6.9_o 1.3_o 7_o 6.8_o 1.5_o 8_o 7.9_o 1.4_o 8_o 7.8_o 1.5_o 8_o 7.8_o 1.7_o 9_o 8.9_o 1.6_o 9_o 8.8_o 1.7_o