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kind_n of_o stick_n by_o which_o stand_v at_o the_o instrument_n you_o may_v see_v whether_o your_o eye_n the_o stick_n and_o the_o mark_n to_o which_o you_o be_v to_o measure_n be_v in_o a_o right_a line_n or_o not_o and_o according_o guide_v those_o that_o carry_v the_o chain_n with_o the_o more_o exactness_n to_o direct_v it_o to_o the_o mark_v intend_v how_o to_o reduce_v any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n into_o foot_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o many_o geometrical_a conclusion_n as_o in_o the_o take_n of_o height_n and_o distance_n hereafter_o teach_v it_o be_v requisite_a to_o give_v your_o measure_n in_o such_o case_n in_o foot_n or_o yard_n and_o not_o in_o pole_n or_o perch_n yet_o because_o your_o chain_n be_v the_o most_o necessary_a instrument_n to_o measure_v withal_o i_o think_v it_o convenient_a in_o this_o place_n to_o show_v you_o how_o to_o reduce_v any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n into_o foot_n which_o be_v thus_o multiply_v your_o number_n of_o chain_n 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66_o 3192_o 3192_o 351,12_o example_n ii_o 9,05_o 66_o 5430_o 5430_o 597,30_o but_o let_v the_o number_n of_o chain_n be_v what_o they_o will_v if_o the_o number_n of_o link_n be_v less_o than_o 10_o as_o in_o the_o second_o example_n it_o be_v 9_o chain_n 5_o link_n you_o must_v place_v a_o cypher_n before_o the_o five_o link_n as_o there_o you_o see_v and_o then_o multiply_v that_o number_n viz._n 9,05_o by_o 66_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 59730_o from_o which_o take_v the_o two_o last_o figure_n there_o will_v remain_v 597_o foot_n and_o â—…_n 100_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v for_o any_o other_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n whatsoever_o according_a to_o these_o example_n be_v make_v the_o table_n follow_v which_o show_v how_o many_o foot_n be_v contain_v in_o any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n from_o 5_o link_n to_o 10_o chain_n for_o every_o five_o link_n which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o ordinary_a use_n by_o which_o table_n you_o may_v see_v that_o in_o 6_o chain_n 40_o link_n be_v contain_v 422_o foot_n and_o 40_o 100_o of_o a_o foot_n also_o in_o 5_o chain_n 55_o link_n be_v contain_v 366_o foot_n and_o 30_o 100_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n and_o so_o of_o any_o other_o a_o table_n show_v how_o many_o foot_n and_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n be_v contain_v in_o any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n between_o five_o link_n and_o eight_o chain_n  _fw-fr 0_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 0_o  _fw-fr 66,00_o 132,00_o 198,00_o 264,00_o 330,00_o 396,00_o 462,00_o 5_o 3,30_o 69,30_o 135,30_o 201,30_o 267,30_o 333,30_o 399,30_o 465,30_o 10_o 6,60_o 72,60_o 138,60_o 204,60_o 270,60_o 336,60_o 402,60_o
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side_n of_o the_o table_n into_o which_o must_v be_v put_v the_o head_n of_o the_o three_o legged_a staff_n this_o staff_n ought_v to_o be_v joint_v in_o the_o middle_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o more_o portable_a for_o the_o socket_n it_o may_v be_v a_o plain_a one_o but_o a_o ball_n and_o socket_n with_o a_o endless_a screw_n be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o for_o by_o help_n thereof_o you_o may_v place_v the_o table_n or_o any_o other_o instrument_n either_o horizontall_a vertical_a or_o in_o any_o other_o position_n ¶_o note_v that_o this_o instrument_n if_o make_v according_a to_o these_o direction_n be_v the_o most_o absolute_a instrument_n for_o a_o surveyor_n to_o use_v chap._n v._o of_o chain_n the_o several_a sort_n thereof_o of_o chain_n there_o be_v divers_a sort_n as_o namely_o foot_n chain_n each_o link_n contain_v a_o foot_n or_o 12_o inch_n and_o so_o the_o whole_a pole_n or_o perch_n will_v contain_v 16½_n link_n or_o foot_n answer_v to_o the_o statute_n 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the_o several_a instrument_n may_v be_v easy_o discern_v and_o the_o truth_n of_o every_o example_n may_v the_o better_o appear_v here_o be_v also_o divers_a way_n of_o survey_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o instrument_n that_o be_v to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n several_a way_n and_o to_o measure_v all_o kind_n of_o ground_n whatsoever_o whether_o woodland_n or_o other_o here_o be_v also_o show_v how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o whole_a manor_n and_o to_o keep_v your_o account_n in_o your_o field-book_n after_o the_o best_a and_o most_o easy_a manner_n with_o divers_a rule_n caution_n and_o direction_n throughout_o the_o whole_a book_n insert_v the_o application_n and_o use_n of_o the_o several_a instrument_n before_o describe_v in_o the_o practice_n of_o survey_v chap._n i._o of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o scale_n have_v before_o describe_v the_o several_a instrument_n belong_v to_o survey_v i_o will_v now_o show_v the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o first_o of_o the_o 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on_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o table_n which_o supply_v the_o use_n thereof_o three_o when_o i_o mention_v or_o make_v use_n of_o the_o circumferentor_n i_o mean_v the_o index_n with_o the_o box_n and_o needle_n screw_v to_o the_o staff_n ¶_o having_n thus_o give_v you_o a_o sufficient_a description_n of_o the_o several_a instrument_n and_o their_o part_n i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o use_n of_o they_o show_v how_o any_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n may_v be_v measure_v by_o any_o of_o they_o and_o 1._o how_o to_o observe_v a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n by_o the_o plain_a table_n suppose_v eke_o and_o kg_o to_o be_v two_o hedge_n or_o two_o side_n of_o a_o field_n include_v the_o angle_n ekg_v and_o that_o it_o be_v require_v to_o draw_v upon_o your_o table_n a_o angle_n equal_a thereunto_o first_o place_v your_o instrument_n as_o near_o the_o angular_a point_n k_o as_o conveniency_n will_v permit_v turn_v it_o about_o till_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o needle_n hang_v direct_o over_o 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end_n of_o the_o needle_n have_v cut_v 79_o degree_n and_o then_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o g_o the_o same_o end_n of_o the_o needle_n have_v cut_v 325_o degree_n now_o if_o from_o 325_o you_o subtract_v 79_o the_o remainder_n be_v 246_o but_o because_o this_o remainder_n 246_o be_v great_a than_o 180_o you_o must_v therefore_o subtract_v 246_o the_o remainder_n from_o 360_o and_o there_o will_v remain_v 114_o the_o true_a quantity_n of_o the_o inquire_v angle_n and_o thus_o you_o must_v always_o do_v when_o the_o remainder_n exceed_v 180_o degree_n ¶_o this_o add_v and_o substract_n for_o the_o find_n of_o angle_n may_v seem_v tedious_a to_o some_o but_o here_o the_o reader_n be_v desire_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o for_o quick_a dispatch_n the_o circumferentor_n be_v as_o good_a a_o instrument_n as_o the_o best_a for_o in_o go_v round_o a_o field_n or_o in_o survey_v of_o a_o whole_a manor_n you_o be_v not_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o quantity_n of_o any_o angle_n but_o 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distance_n take_v be_v the_o large_a chap._n vi_o how_o to_o take_v a_o inaccessible_a distance_n at_o two_o station_n by_o the_o theodolite_a in_o the_o former_a diagram_n let_v r_n and_o q_n be_v two_o station_n from_o either_o of_o which_o it_o be_v require_v to_o find_v the_o distance_n to_o s._n first_o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o r_n lay_v the_o index_n and_o sight_n upon_o the_o diameter_n thereof_o turn_v the_o whole_a instrument_n about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v your_o second_o station_n at_o q_o and_o there_o screw_v it_o fast_o then_o turn_v the_o index_n about_o upon_o the_o centre_n till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v the_o mark_n at_o s_n note_v the_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o index_n which_o suppose_v 45_o degree_n 10_o minute_n then_o remove_v your_o instrument_n to_o q_o lay_v the_o index_n on_o the_o diameter_n thereof_o and_o hold_v it_o there_o turn_v the_o whole_a instrument_n about_o till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v 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have_v the_o two_o angle_n qr_n and_o rq_n give_v you_o have_v also_o the_o three_o angle_n rsq_n give_v 24_o degree_n 20_o minute_n it_o be_v the_o compliment_n of_o the_o other_o two_o to_o 180_o degree_n by_o the_o 17_o of_o chap._n 3_o lib._n 3._o then_o to_o find_v the_o other_o two_o side_n the_o proportion_n be_v i._o for_o the_o side_n q_n as_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n rsq_n 24_o degree_n 20_o minute_n be_v to_o the_o logarithm_n of_o the_o side_n rq_n 176_o foot_n so_o be_v the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n qr_v 45_o degree_n 10_o minute_n to_o the_o logarithm_n of_o the_o side_n q_n 303_o foot_n ferè_fw-la ii_o for_o the_o side_n rs._n as_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n qr_v â—…_n degree_n 10_o minute_n be_v to_o the_o logarithm_n of_o the_o side_n q_n 303_o foot_n so_o be_v the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n rq_n 110_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n or_o 69_o d._n 30_o m._n to_o the_o logarithm_n of_o the_o side_n r_n 400_o foot_n which_o be_v the_o distance_n require_v ¶_o i_o have_v be_v large_a upon_o this_o particular_a than_o i_o intend_v have_v sufficient_o insist_v thereon_o before_o in_o the_o dimension_n of_o plain_a triangle_n but_o that_o the_o reader_n may_v full_o understand_v these_o necessary_a conclusion_n i_o have_v in_o this_o example_n use_v all_o the_o perspicuity_n i_o can_v imagine_v so_o that_o in_o the_o subsequent_a chapter_n i_o may_v be_v the_o brief_a for_o this_o be_v well_o understand_v he_o may_v easy_o apprehend_v any_o of_o the_o other_o at_o the_o first_o view_n chap._n vii_o how_o to_o take_v a_o in-accessible_a distance_n at_o two_o station_n by_o the_o circumferentor_n let_v it_o be_v require_v to_o find_v the_o distance_n from_o
r_n and_o q_n to_o s._n first_o place_v your_o instrument_n at_o r_n and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o s_n observe_v what_o degree_n the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o needle_n cut_v which_o let_v be_v 315_o degree_n 30_o min._n then_o turn_v the_o instrument_n about_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o q_n observe_v what_o degree_n the_o needle_n there_o cut_v which_o let_v be_v 270_o degree_n 20_o minute_n therefore_o from_o 315_o degree_n 30_o minute_n subtract_v 270_o degree_n 20_o minute_n and_o there_o will_v remain_v 45_o degree_n 10_o minute_n which_o be_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o angle_n srq_n then_o remove_v the_o instrument_n to_o q_o and_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o r_n the_o needle_n cut_v 91_o degree_n 00_o minute_n also_o direct_v the_o sight_n to_o s_n the_o needle_n cut_v 340_o degree_n 30_o minute_n now_o if_o you_o subtract_v 91_o degree_n 00_o minute_n from_o 340_o degree_n 30_o minute_n the_o remainder_n be_v 249_o degree_n 30_o minute_n which_o because_o it_o exceed_v 180_o degree_n subtract_v from_o 360_o degree_n and_o there_o remain_v 110_o degree_n 30_o min._n the_o true_a quantity_n of_o the_o angle_n rq_n have_v thus_o obtain_v the_o two_o angle_n rq_n and_o srq_n you_o must_v measure_v the_o stationary_a distance_n qr_n 176_o foot_n so_o have_v you_o give_v in_o the_o triangle_n qr_n 1_o the_o angle_n rq_n 110_o degree_n 30_o minute_n 2_o the_o angle_n qr_n 45_o degree_n 10_o minute_n 3_o the_o angle_n qsr_n 20_o degree_n 10_o minute_n the_o compliment_n of_o the_o other_o two_o to_o 180_o degree_n and_o 4_o the_o stationary_a distance_n qr_n 176_o foot_n whereby_o you_o may_v find_v the_o other_o side_n q_n and_o r_n according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n deliver_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n  _fw-fr dg_n min._n first_o station_n at_o r_n degree_n cut_v 315_o 30_o 270_o 20_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o angle_n qr_v 45_o 10_o second_o station_n at_o q_o degree_n cut_v 340_o 30_o 91_o 00_o  _fw-fr 249_o 30_o  _fw-fr 360_o 00_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o angle_n rq_n 110_o 30_o the_o stationarie_a distance_n 176_o foot_n have_v these_o thing_n give_v if_o you_o resolve_v the_o triangle_n qr_n you_o shall_v find_v the_o side_n r_v to_o contain_v 400_o foot_n and_o the_o side_n q_n 303_o foot_n ferè_fw-la as_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n chap._n viii_o how_o to_o protract_v or_o lay_v down_o a_o distance_n take_v according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o two_o last_o chapter_n upon_o paper_n by_o help_n of_o your_o protractor_n or_o line_n of_o chord_n when_o you_o make_v any_o observation_n in_o the_o field_n by_o the_o theodolite_a or_o circumferentor_n you_o be_v to_o note_v down_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o several_a line_n and_o angle_n observe_v in_o the_o field_n in_o a_o book_n or_o paper_n so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v ready_a at_o hand_n when_o you_o come_v to_o protraction_n and_o this_o be_v the_o usual_a way_n suppose_v it_o be_v require_v to_o draw_v upon_o paper_n or_o pasteboard_n the_o true_a symmetry_n or_o proportion_n of_o the_o distance_n take_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n chap._n ix_o how_o to_o take_v the_o altitude_n of_o any_o tower_n tree_n steeple_n or_o the_o like_a be_v accessible_a by_o the_o label_n and_o tangent_fw-la line_n have_v in_o the_o 5_o section_n of_o the_o 4_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n show_v how_o to_o observe_v a_o angle_n of_o altitude_n by_o the_o label_n and_o tangent_fw-la line_n we_o now_o come_v to_o the_o further_a use_n thereof_o suppose_v therefore_o that_o the_o line_n ca_n be_v a_o tree_n tower_n steeple_n or_o other_o thing_n who_o height_n be_v require_v this_o proportion_n be_v wrought_v according_a to_o the_o former_a direction_n the_o side_n ca_n will_v be_v find_v to_o contain_v almost_o 231_o foot_n and_o that_o be_v the_o height_n of_o ca_n require_v chap._n x._o how_o to_o protract_v or_o lay_v down_o upon_o paper_n the_o observation_n make_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n have_v draw_v a_o line_n upon_o your_o paper_n as_o ba_o place_n the_o centre_n of_o the_o protractor_n upon_o b_o now_o because_o when_o you_o make_v your_o observation_n at_o b_o the_o degree_n cut_v be_v 30_o turn_v the_o protractor_n about_o till_o the_o line_n basilius_n lie_v just_a under_o 30_o degree_n than_o with_o your_o protroct_n pin_n make_v a_o mark_n by_o the_o edge_n of_o your_o protractor_n against_o 00_o degree_n and_o draw_v the_o line_n bc_n so_o shall_v the_o angle_n cba_n contain_v 30_o degr_n then_o because_o the_o measure_a distance_n basilius_n be_v 400_o foot_n take_v 400_o from_o any_o of_o your_o scale_n of_o equal_a part_n and_o set_v that_o distance_n from_o b_o to_o a_o and_o from_o the_o point_n a_o erect_v the_o perpendicular_a ac_fw-la which_o perpendicular_a be_v take_v in_o your_o compass_n and_o measure_v upon_o the_o same_o scale_n from_o whence_o the_o 400_o foot_n be_v take_v you_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o contain_v almost_o 231_o foot_n and_o so_o much_o be_v the_o altitude_n ca_n as_o before_o chap._n xi_o how_o to_o take_v a_o in-accessible_a altitude_n by_o the_o label_n and_o tangent_fw-la line_n then_o must_v you_o make_v a_o second_o work_n in_o the_o triangle_n bcd_v in_o which_o you_o have_v give_v 1._o the_o angle_n bdc_n 64_o degree_n 2._o the_o angle_n dbc_n 26_o degree_n 3._o the_o side_n db_n 633_o foot_n and_o you_o be_v to_o find_v the_o side_n bc_n the_o altitude_n require_v wherefore_o say_v again_o as_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n bcd_n 90_o degree_n be_v to_o the_o logarithm_n of_o the_o side_n db_fw-mi 633_o foot_n so_o be_v the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n bdc_fw-mi 64_o degree_n to_o the_o logarithm_n of_o the_o altitude_n bc_n which_o according_a to_o the_o former_a doctrine_n will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 569_o foot_n chap._n xii_o how_o to_o protract_v the_o observation_n take_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n when_o you_o have_v make_v your_o observation_n as_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n and_o note_v down_o in_o a_o book_n or_o otherwise_o that_o the_o degree_n cut_v at_o your_o first_o station_n at_o a_o be_v 50_o and_o the_o degree_n cut_v at_o the_o second_o station_n at_o d_o be_v 64_o and_o that_o your_o stationarie_a distance_n ad_fw-la be_v 200_o foot_n you_o may_v immediate_o find_v the_o altitude_n bc_n by_o protraction_n thus_o first_o draw_v a_o line_n as_o ac_fw-la in_o which_o line_n let_v a_o represent_v your_o first_o station_n whereon_o lie_v the_o centre_n of_o your_o protractor_n and_o make_v the_o angle_n bac_n to_o contain_v 50_o degree_n as_o have_v be_v several_a time_n before_o show_v and_o draw_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la then_o upon_o the_o line_n ac_fw-la set_v off_o the_o distance_n of_o your_o two_o station_n 200_o foot_n from_o a_o to_o d_o then_o bring_v your_o protractor_n to_o d_o which_o represent_v your_o second_o station_n and_o place_v the_o centre_n of_o your_o protractor_n thereupon_o set_v off_o a_o angle_n of_o 64_o degree_n as_o bdc_n and_o draw_v the_o line_n db_n then_o where_o these_o two_o line_n ab_fw-la and_z db_fw-la intersect_n or_o meet_v which_o be_v in_o the_o point_n b_o from_o that_o point_n let_v fall_v the_o perpendicular_a bc_n the_o length_n whereof_o be_v measure_v upon_o the_o same_o scale_n from_o whence_o you_o take_v the_o distance_n ad_fw-la will_v give_v you_o 569_o foot_n and_o that_o be_v the_o altitude_n of_o ab_fw-la which_o be_v require_v chap._n xiii_o how_o to_o take_v the_o distance_n of_o divers_a place_n one_o from_o another_o according_a to_o their_o true_a situation_n in_o plano_fw-la and_o to_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o map_n thereof_o by_o the_o plain_a table_n this_o proposition_n be_v of_o good_a use_n to_o describe_v in_o plano_fw-la the_o most_o eminent_a place_n in_o a_o town_n or_o city_n and_o to_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o map_n thereof_o let_v a_o b_o c_o d_o e_o f_o g_o be_v certain_a eminent_a place_n situate_a in_o some_o town_n or_o city_n and_o let_v it_o be_v require_v to_o describe_v all_o those_o place_n upon_o paper_n by_o which_o the_o distance_n of_o any_o of_o they_o one_o from_o another_o may_v be_v ready_o find_v at_o some_o convenient_a distance_n from_o the_o city_n town_n or_o field_n make_v choice_n of_o two_o other_o convenient_a place_n as_o k_o and_o l_o from_o either_o of_o which_o you_o may_v plain_o discern_v all_o the_o mark_n which_o you_o intend_v to_o describe_v in_o your_o map_n then_o at_o one_o of_o these_o place_n as_o at_o k_o place_v your_o table_n and_o near_o one_o of_o the_o side_n thereof_o draw_v a_o line_n parallel_n to_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o table_n in_o this_o line_n assign_v any_o point_n as_o k_o for_o your_o first_o station_n and_o lay_v the_o index_n upon_o this_o line_n turn_v the_o table_n about_o till_o through_o