of Ornay Cape de Hague ruÌ„neth the Rasse of Blanckert Ras of BlaÌ„ckaert but westward from Ornay lye the Casquettes or Kiscasses which in the next Chapter shall be described Thus Chierenburch and the land after the Cape de Hague sheweth it self when it is southeast from you four leagues IIII. How these Countries lye distant one from the other FRom Calis to Swartenesse southwest 1 ½ league From Calis Cliffe to Tour d'ordre or the Oldman south and north distant 2 leagues From Calis cliffe to the River of Somme s and n. 8 leagues From the river of Somme to Treport s s w. 8 leagues From Triport to Diepen southwest 8 leagues From Diepen to Fecam west-south-west 11 leagues From Fecam to Struysart southwest by west 2 leagues From Struysaert to Seynhead south-south-west 2 leagues From the Seynhead to Caen in the Fosse s s w. 8 leagues FroÌ„ Caen to Dierliet or the point of Barchfleur n. w. 16 leagues From Dierliet to Cape de Hague west w. by n. 8 leagues From Calis cliffe to Diepen south-south-west and somewhat southerlyer 19 leagues From Calis cliffe to Struysaert or cape de Caux w. by south and somewhat southerlyer 29 leagues From Swartenesse to Diepen south-south-west 16 leagues From Swartenesse to Struysaert southwest by south somewhat westerlyer 29 leagues V. How all these places lye distant from other Countries FRom Swartenesse to Casquettes w. s.w 48 leagues From Swartenesse to the Isle of Wight west somewhat southerlyer 36 leagues From Swartenesse to Bevechier west 20 leagues From Diepen to the I le of Wight w.n.w. 36 leagues From Diepen to Bevechier northwest 21 leagues From Diepen to Dover north 23 leagues From Struysaert to the East ende of the I le of Wight northwest and somewhat northerlyer 29 leagues From Struysaert to Bevechier south north 24 leagues From Struysaert to Fierley north and by east 28 leagues From Struysaert to the point of Dover n. n. e. 32 leagues From Stonehead to Dierliet or the point of Chierenburch west and somewhat northerlyer 20 leagues FroÌ„ Seynhead or Stonehead to Portland n.w. by w. 36 leag From Dierliet to the point of Chierenburch to Kasquettes west and by north 16 leagues From Dierliet to the I le of Wight north and somewhat westerlyer 20 leagues From Dierliet to Bevesier northeast by north 29 leagues From the Rasse of Blankart to Portland n.n.w. 17 leagues From Cape de la Hague to Kasquettes w. by n. 16 leagues VI. Of the falling of the streames and what Moone maketh a high water on these coasts BEfore Calis and Swartenesse the flood falleth one quarter toward the land then it falleth north-north-east south-south-west and there on the land a southeast moone maketh an high water From Swartenesse to Bullen the flood falleth n. by e. upoÌ„ the land but without in the Sea it falleth n. n. e. and s s w. a south-south-east moone maketh a high water there From Bullen to Diepen and before the river of Somme the flood falleth a quarter towards the land then it falleth northeast and by north a south-south-east moone maketh the highest water in this haven From Diepen to Struysaert without the land in the Trave the flood falleth northeast by east the ebbe s w. by w. From Struysaert to Caen in the Fosse the flood falleth south-south-west and the ebbe n. n. e. From Seynhead to Barchfleur the flood falleth east and by north west by south by the land but in the chanel without the land the flood falleth e. n. e. and the ebbe w. s w. At Newhaven in the river of Roane it is high water with a southeast moone Before the haven of Caen it is high water with a south-south-east moone within the haven with a s by e. moone At Markel la Honge Berchvliet Chierenburch and Cape de Hague by the land a s by e. moone maketh a high watr VII At what depths you may see these places and how you shall knowe the land VVhen you are through the Heads against the Singles or about Deepe and being a litle out of the chanel you may see the land at 20 and 21 fathome The high land of Staples lyeth southward of the Oldman or Tour d'ordre it is verie high land the steeple of the Oldman is a thick flatte steeple and standeth upon the northpoint of the haven of Bullen if you fall upon the river of Somme it is shallowe water 8 9 and 10 fathome and then the high land of Estaples will be north-north-east from you The land from the river of Somme to Deepe is all sandie strand and there you finde divers speere steeples some milles and trees upon the land About 4 leagues without Struysaert it is 20 fathome deepe Five leagues without the land of Caen it is 22 fathom deep Against the cape of Barchfleur and Chierenburch 4 leagues from the land it is 30 fathome deepe The land betweene Deepe and Stonehead is knowne because there stand many churches with speere steeples and other trees and houses but Struysaert is best to be knowne because there is a high cliffe thereon like to a high steeple and in the Trave it is 16 or 17 fathome deepe La Honge is a flatte steeple lying two leagues eastward from Barchfleur there lye the two Ilands of S. Marke eastward which you may sayle round about Barchfleur is a high point and there standeth a flatte steeple beneath upon the white land about eastward is more white land and there stand two milles some houses upon it whereby this point is wel to be knowne Upon Cape de la Hague standeth a castle with a small towre and a litle eastward within the land there standeth a speere steeple and Chierenburgh lyeth two leagues about eastward upon the water side having a flatte steeple VIII Vnder what degrees these places lye CAlis Cliffe lyeth under 50 degrees 52 minutes The river of Somme lyeth under 50 degrees 18 minutes The point of Struysard lyeth under 49 deg 45 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 4. Beschrivinge der Zeecusteâ—â—an Picardie ende Normandie Jtem de ghelegentheijt aller Rivieren Reeden ende Havenen tusschen Cales ende de Kiscassen ghelegen watmen aldaer te ontmâ—eten ende waermen hem voor te wachten heeft van nieus op veel plaetsen seer gecorrigeert enÌ„ verbetert Description des Costes marines de Picardie et Normandie monstrant la vraije situation de toutes les Rivieres Rades et Haures entre Calais et les Casquettes aussij tout ce qu'on peut reÌ„contrer la environ et de quoy on se doibt garder de nouveau emendé et corrige en plusieurs lieux CHAPTER IIII. THE DESCRIPTION OF all the Ilands Sea-coasts and Havens of Normandie and Britanie situate betweene Cape de Hague and the Seims and how you shall sayle by them I. The situation of the Ilands of Ornay Casquettes Garnsey Sarck and Iarsey ON
the Cape de Hague west and by north almost 3 leagues lyeth the Iland Aldernex which is also called Ornay Ornay it is almost three leagues long reaching east west The east ende is faire for you may there sayle indifferently close by the land but at the west ende it is verie foule There lye some small Ilands off from the west ende when you are past them then you may well sayle to Iarsey the Ilands lye close on the west ende and southward from these Ilands there shooteth out a rocke or stone-riffe when you are there within on the south side it is faire The south point of Ornay is foule he that will anckor there southward he must be carefull to sette right east from the tyde-haven The Casquettes or Kiscasse Casquette◠Kiscasses are distant from this Iland of Ornay w. n. w. and west and by north almost 3 leagues The uttermost of them is a great high Clif which hath manie rockes round about it In the middle betweene this Cliffe or Rock and the Iland of Ornay lyeth another rock but that is not so high but there are manie other rockes which reach out from it towards the other rock when it is lowe water then you may see them all These two rockes are by the French men called Casquettes and by the Dutch men Kiscasses Some Shippers and Saylers are much deceived herein which know not these Rocks calling the land of Chierburch the great Kiscas and the land of Ornay the small Kiscas for the Kiscasses are nothing els but meere rockes lying out in the Sea About w. n. w. and w. by n. from this Iland of Ornay or Aldernex there lye two other smooth great Rockes called Barroches Barroches which lye on the west ende of Ornay close by the land To knowe Ornay you must understand that the north side hath a white hill or downe and the west ende is high steepe downewards at the east ende it is hillie dalie but lower then upon the west ende you may see a steeple or two upon it and some milles Thus Ornay sheweth when you sayle along by it being four leagues from the land Thus Ornay sheweth it self with Casquettes south-south-east being three or four leagues fom you From Ornay to Garnsey the course is w. s.w about 8 leagues but frō the Casquettes to the west ende of Garnesey Garnsey the course is west and by south 8 leagues To knowe Garnesey you must understand that the east ende is flatte and the west point steeping downewards There stand two speere steeples upon it and some milles and the land is dubble when you sayle northward by it about four leagues from the land then it sheweth as it is heere set downe Thus Garnsey sheweth when it is crosse from you 4 leagues But comming out of the west that Garnsey lyeth e. n. e. or e. and by n. from you then it sheweth thus He that commeth out of the north and intendeth to anckor under Garnesey Rode under Garnesey he must goe westward about the rockes of Kafquettes and so sayle upon the northende of Garnesey until the castle which standeth upon the rocke be right against the south ende of the land which you must hold so untill you come by the castle but beware of the litle Iland called Arem Arem for it is almost full of rockes about it betweene the castle which standeth in the water and the land is a good Rode but if you will anckor without the castle then doe it at 12 and 13 fathome or if you will anckor betweene the point of the land and the castle then sayle till you be at 6 or 7 fathome lowe water and there anckor You must understand that there aboutes it ebbeth and floweth 6 or 7 fathome up and downe at everie tyde Or els help your self with these markes when you are west from the Kasquettes then goe southeast in untill that the east-ende of Garnesey lyeth south and by west from you then sayle upon it then you shall see the castle upon the rock then doe as you are taught before Betweene the Kasquettes and Garnesey it is 35 and 40 fathome almost al stone ground He that commeth out of the west or from the Kasquettes will anckor upon the southside of Garnesey he must rūne close about by Cape de Gruse or by the southwest ende along by the south side of the land and when he is full half waie from the land he may anckor where he will at 18 or 19 fathome and if the winde should chance to blowe south-southwest or w. s.w he may goe about the point and anckor on the north or south side of the castle as I said before From the south-side of Garnesey there lyeth a rock above the water which men must be carefull to shunne There lyeth also a rowe of rockes south and by west s s w from Garnesey called Rockedoves Rockedoves about 8 leagues from it which are at least a league long Frō Rockedoves to Cap Farelle the course is s e 11 leagues From Rockedoves to the Iland Briack s by w. 8 leagues From Rockedoves to the Rockes called the Monckes west by north 10 or 11 leagues From Rockedoves to the rock Canine the course is south by west 4 leagues From Garnesey to the seven Ilandes the course is southwest and by south 17 leagues From Garnesey to S. Maloes the course is south-south-west and southeast and by south 17 leagues From Garnesey to Sarcke the course is e. by n. a league Betweene Garnesey and Sarcke there lye two litle Ilandes Arcke and Arem Arcke Arem you may sayle betweene them he that will anckor under Sarcke must doe it at 26 or 27 fathome you may anckor round about Sarcke but from the north south endes there shooteth out certaine rockes whereof some of those at the north ende lye under the water but at the south ende they lye above the water Sarcke the Rasse of Ornay or Cape de Hague lye distant south-southwest and by south and northeast and by north 8 leagues From Cape de Hague to the northwest ende of Iarsey the course is south-south-west then you runne through betweene Iarsey and Sarcke Sarcke Sarcke and Iarsey are distant 4. leagues From Garnesey to Iarsey Iarsey the course is southeast 8 leagues round about under Iarsey is good Rode on the north side you may anckor all along at 10 11 fathome at the west ende there are some rockes specially on the west point Rodes under Iarsey there the rockes lye a good waie off from the land but betweene both pointes you may anckor at 10 11 or 12 fathome On the south side of Iarsey it is also a good Rode for northwest and west-north-west-north-west windes On the east side of Iarsey it is good lying at rode in Catelynen Baye a litle within or eastward from the west point on the north side
de Farelle to the Iland Briack w. by n. 13 leagues From the I le of Briack to Pickels rockes w. by s 2 leagues From Pickels to the Sept Isles w. s w. 9 leagues From Sept Isles to the rockes of Driaklepottes west-southwest 5 leagues From Driaklepottes to Isle Bas or Westpalen w. s.w 9 leagues From the Isle Bas or Westpalen to the Four w. s.w 16 leagues From the Four to S. Mathewes point south-southeast south-east and by south 4 leagues From S. Mathewes point to Claesduin or Croduin east-south-east almost 3 leagues From S. Mathewes point to the Ras of Fontenay or neare to the Emperor s by e. 5 leagues The Ras of Fontenay rūneth through betweene the Emperesse and the Emperor s s w. and n. n. e. From Cape de Hague to the west ende of Iarsey south-south-west 10 leagues Then you goe through betweene Sarke and Iarsey From the Kiscasses to the west ende of Garnsey south-southwest by south 5 or 6 leagues From Garnsey to Iarsey s e. by e. 6 leagues From Garnesey to S. Maloes s s.e n.n.w. 16 leagues From the southende of Iarsey to S. Maloes s s.e 9 or 10 leagues From Garnesey to Sept Isles s w. by south 17 leagues From Garnesey to the rockes called Rockedoves south-south-west and n. n. e. 8 or 9 leagues From Rockedoves to the rock called Mincke west and by north 9 or 10 leagues From Rockedoves to the Iland Briack s by w. 8 leagues From Kiscasses to S. Paul de Lyon southwest 29 leagues From Kiscasses to the Four s w. and by w. 45 leagues IX How these places lye distant from other Countries FRom Casquettes to the Sorlinges west and somewhat northerly 56 leagues From the Kiscasses to Startpoint w. n. w 19 leagues From Kiscasses to Portland n. and by w. 13 leagues From Casquettes to the I le of Wight n. e. by n. 20 leagues From Casquettes to Bevesier or the Beach northeast by east 37 leagues From Garnsey to Lezard west by north 37 leagues From Sept Isles to Lezard n. w. by w. 26 leagues From Sept Isles to Startpoint north and by west somewhat westerlyer 37 leagues From Sept Isles to Portland n.e. and by n. 33 leagues From S. Paul de Lion to Lezard n.w. and by n. 29 leagues From S. Paul de Lion to Startpoint n. by e. 29 leagues From S. Paul de Lion to Portland n. e. by n. 40 leagues From Heysant to Portland n. e. 54 leagues From Heysant to Startpoint n. e. by n. 40 leagues From Heysant to Lezard north 29 leagues From Heysant to Sorlinges n. w. by n. 37 leagues From Heysant to Cape de Clara in Ireland n. w. 84 leagues Frō Heysant to the Iland S. Michaels s w by w. 360 leagues From Heysant to Cap Finisterre south-southwest somewhat westerlyer 123 leagues From Heysant to Cizarga s s w. 113 leagues From Heysant to Cape de Prior s s.w 107 leagues From Heysant to Cape de Pinas south 97 leagues From Heysant to Laredo s s e. 113 leagues When you goe south and by east from Heysant then you goe right without the Seims X. Vnder what degrees these places lye THe Casquettes or Kiscasses lye under 49 degrees 48 min. The Sept Isles lye under 49 degrees Heysant lyeth under 48 degrees 30 minutes The Seims lye under 48 degrees 5 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 5. CHAPTER V. HOVV A MAN MAY sayle along by the Coast of Britanie and Poictou from Seims to the Iland of S. Martin together with all the Rivers Havens and Ilands lying in and about the same Coast I. The situation of the land betweene Seims and Blauet THe Seims Seims as in the chapter aforegoing is declared are right southward from the Emperor and west-northwest almost 3 leagues into the Sea From the uttermost of the Seimes to the Westpenmarques it is east-south-east and somewhat southerlyer about 13 leagues But from the Ras or from Fontenay to Westpenmarques the course is southeast 9 leagues Betweene them both lyeth Odegerne Odegerne a faire haven about five leagues east-southeast from Fontenay right before the chanell or haven there lyeth a banck which you may runne by on both sides at sixe fathome The south point of this haven is shallowe therefore sayle in by the east side and there you have not lesse then three fathome at lowe water The knowledge of the land betweene Fontenay Odegerne is two round hilles which the Hollanders call the Slaeplakens that is the Sheetes Sheetes westward frō which there stand two milles it is a verie craggie point which without the Seims you may well see at 55 fathome whereby this land is well to be knowne From Odegerne southeast by south lye the Westpenmarques Westpenmarques which are good to knowe for such as have once seene thē for on the southeast ende there standeth a thick flatte steeple a litle westward there standeth a speere steeple and yet somewhat more westerly against the high land there standeth a village like a castle at the east side wherof there standeth a flat steeple there lye two great rockes close by the land The Westpenmarques runne from the firme land more then a league southeast into the Sea you sayle east into them leaving all the rockes on the left hand running along by the strand until you come by a great rock which you must sayle southward about leaving it on your right hand then you turne up north-northwest and so anckor right within the rock at three fathome lowe water then you can see no Sea but at a lowe water it rolleth verie hard through the rockes You may from thence runne at a high water southeast betweene the rockes into the Sea againe but you must take good heede Without the great rock in the entrie of the haven it is tenne fathome deepe so that a man might there hide a great shippe if neede were Thus the Slaeplakens or the Sheets with Westpenmarques shewe themselves when you sayle along by them and are about four leagues crosse from them Fontenay Odegerne Westpenmarques From the Westpenmarques to Eastpenmarques or Glenant Eastpenmarques Glenant the course is east-southeast southward about with such a course you may runne farre ynough without behinde the Eastpenmarques lyeth a haven called Bindet Binde◠the east ende whereof is full of rockes you enter into that haven by these markes there standeth a mille farre within the land which commeth over against a litle Castle which standeth upon a point within the haven which you must hold standing one over the other that is the east mille and goe in northeast and northeast and by north and so you can get no hurt on neither side of the land and then anckor against the towne you may also sayle behinde the Eastpenmarques Rode behinde the Eastpenmarques the firme land is sandie strand where you may anckor at 10
or 11 fathome nearest the Iland of Motten which is verie faire A league southwest from Gloyland by us called the Eastpenmarques there lyeth a great rock under the water whereon it raketh continually within without this rock it is 40 fathome deepe and when you goe east-southeast from the Westpenmarques then you runne farre ynough without them Thus the land of Eastpenmarques sheweth it self when you sayle by it About two leagues eastward of Glenant lye the Ilands of Motten Motten you may sayle betweene them and the firme land to Groye or Blauet there it is 9 or 10 fathome deepe But if you will goe through betweene Glenant and Motten sayle along by the Iland of Motten till you are without Glenant then sayle whither you would be Thus the land eastward of Glenant or Gloyland to Groye when you sayle along by it openeth it self From Motten to Groye Groye the course is east and by south eight leagues To knowe Groye you must understand that there stand three or four milles upon it and the east ende goeth slope downewards whereby it is easie to be knowne When Groye is n. n. e. from you four leagues it sheweth thus Under Groye it is good anckoring for a south-southwest winde at 6 or 7 fathome though at the southeast ende of Groye there lyeth a Sand which you must beware of for there it is foule ground Right behinde the Iland of Groye lyeth the haven of Blauet Blauet which runneth in northeast and by north at 4 or 5 fathome upon the west side of this haven there standeth a high speere steeple called Quinperley To sayle into Blauet The Barse lyeth on the east side of the haven which is a rock which commeth off from the east side of the haven On the east side also there lye two blinde rockes which you must be verie warie of as you enter in you must sayle in along by the west side When you are within it is wide and broad you may there anckor before the Iland which lyeth in the middle of the haven at 5 or 6 fathome it is 3 or 4 fathom deepe at lowe water II. The situation of Bel-Isle and the Ilands lying there abouts also the Creekes of Morbeam and Croisil or Croiswyke FRom Westpenmarques to Bel-Isle Bel-Isle or Boelin the course is east-southeast 21 leagues But from Groye to Bel-Isle it is south-southeast 5 leagues To know Bel-Isle you must understand that on the northwest ende it hath a rugged point wherein there is a great saddle you may also see some houses there upon the land and the east ende goeth whole sloping downe you may see it at 55 fathome Thus Belisle openeth it self when the northwest ende is east from you about four leagues When Belisle is northeast frō you 4 leagues then it sheweth ihus He that will seeke harbor under Belisle must shunne the northwest ende for there under the water there lyeth a rock a good waie from the land When you are there within then you sayle about two towes length along by the land and within a bases shotte about by the north point Rode under Bel-Isle till you come to the village with the speere steeple called S. Pauls there standeth a castle upon the point westward from the aforesaid steeple anckor within the point at 9 or 10 fathome then you lye safe from a south southwest west and northwest windes if it bloweth any thing northerlyer you may remove before the east ende which is half a league broad at 10 and 11 fathome the Iland reacheth s e. and n. w. and as the winde bloweth so a man must remove from one Rode to another it is good lying there There lye manie Ilands behinde Bel-Isle Ilands behinde Bel-isle but you may sayle behinde them to Groye and Morbeam in some places having good Rodes and specially the middlemost which hath a good haven which goeth in by a great rock but to sayle through there back againe a man must have some knowledge thereof because there lye manie rockes both above and under the water The east-Iland is called the Cardinal Cardinal and is distant from the east-ende of Bel-Isle e.n.e. and e. by n. about 4 leagues they lye 3 leagues from the firme land where there lye two great creekes or rivers from whence a man may sayle through betweene the firme land and the aforesaid Ilands lying behinde Bel-Isle to Croiswyke or Croixisle and also up the River of Nantes called Loire He that will sayle into Morbeam Morbeam let him goe from the east-Iland called the Cardinal to the Mayland n.w. n.n.w. there it is deepe 8 or 9 fathome then goe somewhat northerlyer upon the point which lyeth west from S. Iolme and runne in by it within the point it is 6 or 7 also 8 fathome deepe When you are within the point leave the west-point runne close in by the east-point and as soone as you are within the west-point of the haven then take good heede to your streame for the flood falleth verie stiffe into the river of Faunes then chuse the west-land at 6 or 7 fathome there it is all shallowe and when the steeple of Morbeam upon the West-land is west from you then anckor in the middle of the haven at 9 fathome then Aury the innermost steeple lyeth n. n. w. from you and the other steeple n. by e. but the point of Mayland e. s e. The litle Iland that lyeth in the Sea lyeth e. s e. w. n. w. from the west-point of the haven and the land from the haven to S. Iolmes steeple n.w. and s e and so to Croiswyke w.n.w. and e. s.e This Iland aforesaid lying without the haven of Morbeam on the north-ende is foule you must leave it on the left hand and runne to the point of the Mayeland and close in by it as aforesaid in the Trave it is 6 7 and 8 fathome deepe From the east-ende of Bel-isle to Crois-isle the course is east and by north Croixisle and east-northeast about 11 leagues But he that will sayle from Blauet to Morbeam he may sayle through behinde Groye and the Ilands lying behinde Bel-isle and when he is within the Ilands he must goe north-northeast till he be before the haven of Morbeam Before it there lyeth a rock or an Iland as I said before you must sayle in through the rock and the east-land to the east-ende of the haven and you must shunne the west-point at 6 fathome for it is shallowe the east-side is deepest till you come somewhat within then there lyeth a rock which at half flood is above the water you must goe east or west about it and anckor right behinde the rock making a towe fast on land or as you come within the west-point you may turne westward as I said before untill the village of Morbeam be west from you and there anckor at 9 fathome I said before that
and Oratana On the southwest-ende of Tenerifa there is another litle haven or baye called Adessa where also it is good anckoring but a s w winde bloweth open into it there you lade much wine Thus Tenerifa sheweth when the Pico is westsouthwest from you and then you are open before the Rode of S. Crus When the Pico is southeast from you it sheweth thus and then you are open before the Rode of Gerrachia III. Of the Ilands of Palma Gomera and Ferro FRom Tenerifa to the Iland la Palma Le Palma the course is w. n. w. 20 leagues in the I le of Palma there is a towne where men use to lade called S. Crus which lyeth about the middle on the southeast-side of la Palma it is a faire baye If you come from the north and desire to anckor in the Rode of Palma you must runne in so farre in the creeke until that you be southward or past by the head or the bridge and then anckor at 25 or 30 fathome But in winter tyme you must not anckor so neare the strand because of southeast and southsoutheast windes for then you should lye to neare the strand you must there put out two anckors at one hole and a tye-anckor behinde to keepe the ship right in the Rode there lyeth a high white rock with a crosse east from the towne there is the best rode right north from the towne there is a faire Sand-baye there it is good anckoring at 20 30 or 35 fathome thereafter as men lye farre off this Rode is called Rammel-rode when you lye in the rode of Palma you may from thence see the Pico of Tenerifa e. s e. from you the Iland of Palma is verie high and full of trees whereby it is well knowne On the southwest-side of Palma also there is a place where you may lade wines which is called Tassa Corda Tassa Corda About five leagues west from the west-ende of Tenerifa lyeth the Iland Gomera Gomera which on the north-side hath a good haven of 10 fathome deepe where it is good lying for almost all windes better then in anie of the other Ilands but there is nothing to be laden you may anckor before the haven at 20 fathome there also you must shift anckor-place as at Gerrachia The rode of Adessa in Tenerifa lyeth there right against it east from it about five leagues When you lye at Gomera then the rode of Palma is northwest by north from you 16 leagues The Iland Ferro I. Ferro lyeth from the I le Palma south by west 13 leagues distant Thus the I le of Palma sheweth it self when it is about east 16 or 17 leagues from you Thus the Iland of Palma sheweth vhen it is south and south and by east from you nine or tenne leagues Thus the Iland of Palma sheweth it self when it is southwest and by south from you four or five leagues IIII. The Ilands Salvages Madera and Porto Santo GReat Canaria Salvages Salvages lye distant from each other n. n.w. and s s.e 40 leagues Southwest from Salvages lyeth a rock which a farre off sheweth like a sayle it lyeth 3 leagues from the I le under the southeast-side of the Iland it is a good rode for a northwest and west winde it reacheth s w n.e. to the uttermost rock it is faire ground 15 or 16 fathome deepe it is but half a league long The west-ende of Salvages is foule farre of therefore you must shunne it and therefore chuse rather to sayle eastward then westward about it Fortie leagues north from Salvages lye the Serters Serters which are three litle Ilands lying on the east-ende of the Iland of Madera whereof the nearest to the land is the smalest and lyeth about a league from the land that which is farthest from the land is the greatest and lyeth four leagues from the land if you come out of the north or from Porto Santo you may sayle wel through betweene the Iland of Madera the Serters there it is wide broad ynough but from the east-ende of Madera Madera there lyeth a blinde rock in the Sea which you must shunne In the Iland of Madera before the towne of S. Crus S. Crus it is a good rode at 20 fathome but before Fonsyael Fonsyael it is the right rode to lade at by the Lyon it is best to lye at 30 or 40 fathome On the southwest-side before Marasylo Marasylo it is also good anckoring at 16 and 18 fathome there it is good ground in everie place Porto Santo Porto Santo lyeth from Madera northeast 13 or 14 leagues it reacheth most s e and n.w. At each ende of the Iland lyeth a great rock the Rode is on the southwest-side east froÌ„ the cragged rock before the haven where you may lye safe with barkes When Salvages is e.n.e. from you five leagues it sheweth thus When Salvages is e. s.e five leagues from you it sheweth thus Thus the Iland of Madera sheweth when you come out of the north and that the middle of the Iland is twelve or therteene leagues from you the southeast ende is verie cragged when it is neare unto you and the northwest-ende goeth slopeing downe and it is a steepe point Thus the Iland of Madera sheweth when it is south-southwest from you When Madera is westsouthwest from you therteene leagues it sheweth thus When Madera is s from you 16 leagues it sheweth thus When Porto Santo is southwest from you about nine leagues it sheweth thus Thus Porto Santo sheweth about southeast from you sixe or seven leagues V. Of the Flemish Ilands S. Michaels Tercera and Fayael MAdera and the Iland of S. Michael S. Miâ—haels lye distant from each other northwest and southeast 136 leagues If you desire to anckor under S. Michaels you must understaÌ„d that the Rode is on the southwest-side of the Iland comming about the east or west-point of the Iland you shall see two townes before the westerlyest is the Rode at 20 25 fathome this towne is called Punto del Gada or Punt Algato there the coast reacheth w.n.w. and e. s.e to a towne called Villa Franco the elyeth an Iland before it betweene the Iland and S. Michaels it is deepe 5 6 and 7 fathome From S. Michaels to Tercera the course is n. w. by w. 35 â—eagues 〈◊〉 under Tercera the rode is on the south-side of the land west froÌ„ the rockes right before the towne of Angra betweene two pointes reaching out whereof the westerlyest reacheth a good waie into the Sea and on the ende thereof hath two verie high hilles This point is called Bresil and when you come out of the Sea it sheweth from farre as if it were separated from the land upon each of these pointes sticking out there standeth a castle for defence of the shippes which lye there in the Rode it is there in the Rode deepe 20 and 25 fathome
then goe eastnortheast by the English ground which you may sayle with your plummet at 3 4 or 5 fathome or you may come as neare as you will for it is verie flatte When the mill which standeth upon the high land commeth to stand betweene both the milles which stand upon the foresaid Iland then are you wholly past the English groūd then boldly sayle toward the English coast and so close along if you please to Passis point keepe along by the foresaid coast and sayle close about the corner of Passies point whē you are about the point so anckor there at the Kings rode betwixt the point and the River of Brust next to the River at 8 or 9 fathome there is good clay ground He that will goe into the River shall be conducted by the Pilots It is from Flatholm to Passies point deepe in the chanel 14 or 15 fathome at half flood Heere you must keepe the English side for the side of Wales is verie unevē and full of banckes which in manie places fall drie you come no nearer that coast then 12 fathome for in sayling toward the coast at one cast you shall have 10 fathome and at the next be fast on ground and that wholly from Flatholme to over against Brust When you are about Passies point you may sayle along by the coast forward northerly to the River of Severne that is also a faire River as Brust fitte to sayle into Thus the land of England sheweth from Axbridge westward to Ilfordcombe when you sayle along by it III. To sayle into the Havens betweene the Holms the Sorlinges BEtweene the Holmes Ilfordcombe on the English side betweene the banckes on the Welsh side in the middle of the chanel it is 15 16 18 20 25 and 30 fathome deepe the nearer you come to the Holms the flatter water it is When you come from the west and are within the Iland of Londey then you may see the land on both sides that is both England and Wales In this chanel behinde England manie shippes in times past were woont to manie times to overshoote themselves How it cōmeth that shippes sayle behinde England and mistake their course which was for want that they had not taken their heigths well and thought that they were in the chanel betweene England and France And it happeneth sometimes at this tyme also and that by their owne default whereby it is to be marked how necessarie it is for a Sayler to be skilfull therein But he to whom it may happen so hereafter may heereby understand the situation of these parts all the coast of England from the ende of England to the Holme is altogether faire but the Welsh coast is most part all foule and flatte water from the River of Bristowe to Caldye lyeth most full of bancks sands as I said before Now to sayle out of the chanel of Bristowe it is from the Holme to Londey w. s w. 19 leagues And 11 leagues west from the Holmes lyeth Ilford-combe Ilford-combe which is a haven which at lowe water is 3 or 4 fathome deepe Before the haven it is good rode at 8 9 fathome half flood From Ilfordcombe to Bedeford Bedeford it is s s.w 7 leagues It is a Tyde-haven but a faire chanel where manie shippes may goe out and in it devideth it self into two Rivers upon the east River there lyeth a towne called Barnestable and on the right side as you goe in Bedeford lyeth From Bedeford to the west-ende of Londey Londey it is n. n. w. five leagues Under Londey you may anckor on both sides at 14 15 fathome From the point of Bedeford to Hartland point Hartland-point are 7 or 8 leagues This out-point lyeth right west from Londey From this point to Padstowe Padstowe or Stoupart the course is s w. and n. e. 7 leagues Stoupart is a creeke where there is a good rode at 7 or 8 fathome On the west-side there lyeth a blinde rock under the water and at the point there lyeth a rock high above the water West from this point there are manie white sandie bayes or chalck-bayes in the land whereby it is a good land to be knowne Betweene Padstowe or Stoupart the Cape of Cornewall lyeth the haven of S. Ives S. Ives by the Hollanders called S. Uves on the east-side there lyeth an Iland or a great rock above the water and the towne standeth upon the west-point of the land there you must runne in betweene the rockes the west-point then turne up westward and anckor before the towne at 6 and 7 fathome this haven at half flood is 14 fathome deepe From Stoupart to Cape of Cornewall The Cape of Cornwall s w. by s somewhat westerlyer and n. e. and by n. and somewhat easterlyer 12 leagues and from S. Ives aforesaid it is five leagues From the Cape of Cornewal there lyeth an Iland or rock inwards to the Sea called Bresam Bresam you may sayle through betweene the Cape the said Iland to Englands ende Englands ende lyeth from the Cape of Cornewall south about 5 leagues the situation thereof as also of Sorrels is shewed in the next Chapter When the Iland of Londey is n. n.w from you it sheweth thus When Londey is north from you it sheweth thus Thus the land east from Padstowe or Stupaert sheweth when it is three leagues east and by south from you Thus the land of Padstowe or Stupaert sheweth when you sayle along by it and are three or four leagues from it The land west from Stoupaert sheweth thus when you sayle along by it three leagues from it The land betweene Englands ende and the point of Cornewall or the Iland Bresam sheweth thus when you are behinde Englands ende it is about five leagues long IIII. Of the falling and running of the Sreames IN the Chanel of Bristowe betweene Londey and Milford the streame falleth n. e. by e. and n. e. At Ramsey in the Chanel of S. Davies the flood falleth northeast by north In the Chanel of Bristowe within the Holme the flood falleth n. e. by e. and the ebbe s w. by w. In the Chanel of Bristowe betweene the Holmes and Londey the flood falleth e. n. e. and w. s w. Between Londey and the Sorrels the flood n.e. ebbe s w V. What Moone maketh a high water in all the places aforesaid AT Milford or Wilford a west and by south moone maketh high water Likewise on the Coast of Wales a west and by south moone maketh a full Sea Also against the Iland of Londey a west by south moone maketh high water At the Iland of Londey the Holmes it is high water with an east and west moone Within at Bristow it is high water with a w. by n. moone In the Sorrels a s w. by w. moone maketh a high water Without the Sorrels in the
chanel a s w. by w. moone VI. Of the depths heere and at what depths you may see the Land and how it is to be knowne BEtweene Englands ende and Londey in the chanel it is 45 fathome deepe you may see Cornewall at 44 fathome At Wales about Milford and there northward from it you may see the land at 42 and 45 fathome In the Chanel betweene the Holmes and Bristowe it is 12 13 and 14 fathome deepe and you see the land on both sides the English land is the fairest You may see Sorlinges at 45 and 46 fathome the ground is oasie with some small stones among it Eleven or 12 leagues w. n. w. and w. by n. from Sorrels it is 56 and 57 fathome deepe and the ground there is so soft that you can hardly get it to stick upon the lead sometimes you shal have small shelles Betweene Hartland point and S. Ives against Padstowe or Stupaert there are manie white chalck hilles and so all along to the ende of England whereby you may knowe that Coast upoÌ„ Englands ende you see alwaies a towre or two When you are n. from the Sorrels then you see a towre or castle upon the east Iland and the Sorrels then lye most upon two Ilands although they are more then two without upon the easterlyest of the Ilands there lye two great rockes which are verie craggie like hillockes without at the uttermost there lye three high black rockes whereby you may learne to knowe these Lands VII How these places are distant from each other FRom Ramsey to Milford s by e. 5 leagues From Milford to S. Gawins point s e. by s 4 leagues FroÌ„ S. Gawins point to the Nase e. somewhat s 17 leag From the Nase to Stepeholme e. s e. about 7 leagues From Stepeholme to the river of Bristow n. by e. 12 leagues From the Holmes to Londey w. s w. 20 leagues From Londey to the Cape of Cornwall southwest and southwest and by south 28 leagues From the Cape of Cornwal to the ende of EnglaÌ„d s 5 leagues From Gresholme to Milford s s e. 3 leagues From Ilfordcombe to Bedeford w. s w. 7 leagues From Bedeford to the westende of Londey w. n. w. 5 leagues From Hartland point to Padstowe s w. 7 leagues From Stupart to the Cape of Cornwal s w. 12 or 13 leagues From Milford to Londey s by e. and s s e. 12 or 13 leagues From Milford to Englands ende or the Cape of Cornewall southsouthwest 32 leagues From Milford to the Sorrels southsouthwest somewhat westerlyer 40 leagues How these places are distant from the Havens of Ireland it is shewed in the chapter before VIII Vnder what degrees these Places lye THe Haven of Milford lyeth under 51 degrees 50 minut Londey lyeth under 50 degrees 20 minutes The Cape of Cornwal lyeth under 50 degrees 25 minut Heere followeth the Carde N. 18. CHAPTER XVI A TRVE DESCRIPTION of the Sea-coasts of England that lye betweene the Sorlinges and Portland I. The situation of the Sorlinges and from Englands ende to Lezard FRom the point of Cornwall or the Iland of Bresam to Englands ende it is south north five leagues From Englands ende there lye some rocks A Rode behinde the rockes at Englands ende which shoote off from it where you may anckor behinde them at 8 and 9 fathome you may sayle behinde them when you come either north or south on the south-side it is narrowe but deepe ynough at least 10 fathome but out of the north it is best to come in betweene them there it is 8 9 fathome deepe But there lyeth a rock under the water on the left hand close by the north-point of Englands ende which you must shunne The Sorrels The Sorrels or Sorlinges are distant from Englands ende w. s w. leagues Betweene them both lye Sevenstones Seven-stones w. s w. and w. by s from Englands ende distant four leagues It is a rowe of rockes whereon it alwaies rayles and are not above the water Sevenstones is distant from Sorlinges n. e. by e. and e. n. e. three leagues Three or four leagues from Englands ende s s w. and s w. by s there lyeth a sharp rock in the Sea which at half flood is above the water and is indifferent faire it is called the Wolf The Wolf it is distant from Sorlinges east and west 5 leagues To sayle into the Sorlinges Ilands when you come out of the east â—o sayle into Sorrels you must sayle in by the east-land at 8 or 9 fathome there lyeth a sconce right without the castle from thence also there shooteth off a stone under the water you may sayle thorough betweene the said stone and the sconce To shunne the stone also that lyeth in the haven you must understand that there lye two rocks on the west-side within the haven one greater then the other keepe the greatest over against the smalest sayle nearest to the north-side and hold them so and then you runne wide ynough without the point at 10 fathome but nearer you may not goe unto it If you will goe southward into the Sorrels To sayle out of the south into the Sorrels you must looke well before you because of the stone that lyeth in the haven you may well sayle about on both sides but the east-side is the best and fairest But to goe into the best of the chanel and to goe as neare unto the rock as well you may then hold the two rockes aforesaid which lye on the west-side of the haven the smallest under the greatest nearest unto the north-side as I said before and so sayle about the point and turne up northward until you may see the towreful in the middle of the sandie bay there anckor at 7 or 8 fathome you may hold the said two rockes which are within the haven on the west-side a litle distant one from the other so that you may see just betweene theÌ„ then you are right north or east from the rock which lyeth in the haven and then you must runne in so by the east-land then the said rock will be on the west-side but on the innermost point of the Iland against the Pale there lyeth a rock under the water which you must shunne and then runne up northward until you may see the towre in the sandie Baye as I said before The Sorrels on the west-side are all full of rockes have manie chanels to come in but the south-chanel or haven is best When you come to the Sorlinges on the south-side then you see a flatte steeple in the Sandbaye or valley and west it is al full of Ilands rockes the ground is stonie with some redde shels you may see the south-land at 52 fathome Englands ende hath two round hilles To knowâ— Englands ende on the highest there standeth a speere steeple and when you goe
somewhat nearer you discover also upon the uttermost ende another speere steeple or towre in the lowe land so that the ende of England is well to be known the ground is whitish sand mingled with red sand and shelles Eÿgentâ—ijck beworp naet leven van alle Havenâ—n Gaten enÌ„ Reâ—den gheloohen dende Zeecusten van Engelandt tusschen Engelandts eijndt ende Poortlandt oock vande rechte gelegentheijt vande Sorlinges Hoemen deselve gewesten beseijlen ende hem van alles â—at aldaar van zanden bancken clippen enÌ„ ander ondiepten te ghemoeten is wachten sal Vraije et vive delincation de touts les Havres Ports et Rades de Mer situez entre les Sorlinges et Portlande aussij la vraÿe situation desdictes Sorlinges Comment on singlera lesdicts endroicts et se gardera de tous sablons bancs rochers et autres perilz quil ij a. a. rencontrec To sayle into MoÌ„sbaye If you will enter into Monsbaye comming from Englands ende or from Lezard you must runne upon a castle which standeth upon a high round rock untill you come within half a league neare unto it then you shall turne up west and sayle to the Baye untill you see the Iland on the west-side whereon the two stumpes stand like beakons leave that on the left hand and sayle close along by it for there it is faire but leave the castle a great waie on the right hand for there it is foule When you come within the Iland or rock then you shall see a great Sandbaye there behinde it where you may anckor under at 7 or 8 fathome there you may lye safe against a s s e. winde but a s e. and specially an e. s e. winde bloweth open into it otherwise you lye safe there against all other windes From Monsbaye to Lezard the course is s e. and n. w. five leagues The north-side is all full of rockes to Lezard From Lezard also there lye some rockes And east from Monsbaye there lye rockes a league into the Sea in darke gloemie wether a man must be carefull to take heede of them To knowe Lezard it is a small lowe point To knowe Lezard and on the south-ende there standeth a steeple and on high towards the north-ende there standeth a sharpe steeple you may see Lezard at 55 fathome the ground is white and redde shellie sand When the Sorrels are southwest from you four leagues then they shewe thus When the Sorrels are southeaâ—t from you three or four leagues they shewe thus When Sorrels is southeast and southeast and by east from you three leagues then it sheweth thus When the Sorrels are eastnortâ—east from you three leagues then they appeare thus Thus Englands ende sheweth when it is east from you four leagues Thus Englands ende sheweth when you see it first comming out of the Spanish Sea it is good to be knowne for there stand divers steeples and towres upon it Thus the land sheweth betweene Englands ende and Lezard when the castle of Monsbaye is north and Lezard about east and by north from you Thus Lezard sheweth being east and by north from you sixe or seven leagues II. To sayle into the Havens and Rodes that lye betweene Lezard and Ramshead the west-point of the Haven of Plimmouth FRom Lezard to Famouth south and north 4 leagues Hiâ—â—ord hâ—â—â—n Bâ—tweene Famouth and Lezard lyeth Hilford where you may runne in through the middle of the haven betweene a sloping and a lowe point on the south-side lyeth the sloping point and on the north-side the sharp point it is a short haven to sayle into and within the haven on the south-side there standeth a Gâ—ntlemans house belowe upon the strand on high there standeth a companie of trees which you place one over against the other when you runne into the haven On the north-side also there stand two or three trees which come a masts length westward from a house which standeth in a white sand-baye sayle so in the middle of the haven anckor at 6 or 7 fathome On the south-side there standeth a sharp steeple upon the high land and on the north-side there standeth a castle upon the shoring land To sâ—â—le 〈◊〉 aâ—â—â—th this is in the haven wherein fewe shippes enter for feare of daunger To sayle into Famouth you shall first see a castle on the high land on the west-side of the haven then runne along in within two cables length by the east-land there lye rockes upon the inner side of the east-point of Famouth you must goe in close by thâ—m and then sayle upon the high land which lyeth on the west-s dâ— Behinde in the haven there standeth a white chalke peece of ground there also you see a box tree you must hold it ovâ—r against the north-point of the high west-land so sayle to the high land untill you come to it and you shall not have lesse water at half flood then 5 fathome that is betweene the east and west castles or a litle within them and you may also when you come within the west castle sayle forward to the middle of the high land which you see on the west-side of the haven and at the north-side of the high land you may anckor at 12 13 and 14 fathome You may also strike over to the east-land anckor under the banck which commeth running off from the east-castle in the middle along the haven at 6 7 and 8 fathome This banck at lowe water is almost drie and it is soft moorish ground so that you lye fast in the durt when you fall on ground there You may also runne about west from the stone which lyeth in the haven tâ—en you must hold the west-land side whereon the castle standeth at 5 or 6 fathome for it is no deeper then 6 or 7 fathome at half flood but on the east-side of the stone it is 7 or 8 fathome deepe Four leagues upward from Famouth lyeth a towne called Traeren Two leagues east froÌ„ Famouth lyeth the point of the Deadmanshead The Deadmanshead which is a round hill which towards the west goeth slope downe it is double land and there westward there standeth a mille at the ende of a sharp steeple there also stand some houses upon the land and a litle westward you may see the castle of Famouth upon a round hillock against that high land it is well to be knowne for such as come out of the west from Lezard From the Deadmanshead to Fawick it is northeast 4 leagues Fawick Fawick lyeth in a great Creeke it is a Tyde-haven where a shippe may enter at half flood on the east-side of the haven there standeth a litle church with a steeple and on the west-side there standeth a white church with a flatte steeple at the west-ende being somewhat greater then the church upon the east-ende If you will sayle into Fawick you must staye till half flood so sayle in the middle of the chanel betweene
haven 4 and 5 fathome at lowe water where you anckor before the village In this Haven the Englishmen build manie shippes because within the River there is much timber Eight leagues east from Arundel lyeth the River of NewerhaveÌ„ Newer-haven where there ruÌ„neth in two chanels the one west the other east that on the west-side goeth in close by the west-land and is two fathome deepe at lowe water The east-chanel goeth in along by the Cingle is three fathome deepe In the same men lye at rode west froÌ„ Bevesier for it is a good haveÌ„ wide broad is 4 or 5 fathome deepe within at lowe water But on the east-side within in the same haven there lyeth a blinde rock which you must shunne At this haven of Newer-haven begin the Seven-cliffes which reach to Bevesier Under Bevesier against the west-ende of the Seven-cliffes you may anckor right against the Cingle whereby you ruÌ„ne along into Newer-haven at 7 8 or 9 fathome you may also anckor on the east-side of Bevesier at 6 7 or 8 fathome then the point shall be south and south and by west from you Bevesier is the best known land in the whole chanel along you may see the land without Bevesier against the Seven-cliffes or Kenning-land at 23 or 30 fathome Thus the land of Bevesier sheweth with the Seven-cliffes IIII. To sayle from Bevesier to Dover and then to the Foreland FRom Bevesier to the point of the Cingle it is eastnortheast 8 leagues To sayle into the Chamber He that will sayle into the Chamber comming out of the west he must keepe Bevesier without the point of Fierley and runne so on upon the Cingle then along by the Cingle within two cables length to the ende of the Cingle then you must turne up westward leaving the beakons on the right hand til you be before the castle which standeth upoÌ„ the South-Cingle there you may anckor in the River of Rie at four five fathome when you sayle up you must leave the beakons on starreborde as is said before for the beakons stand upon the darisen and at lowe water they are drie along to the towne of Rie and it is all beakoned along On the east-side of the Cingle you may also anckor in Rumney-baye Rumney-baye before Rumney towre running in so farre that the point of the Cingle be south and south and by west from you there it is seven and eight fathome deepe there you may anckor From the Cingle aforesaid to the north-point of Dover it is northeast and by east 9 leagues Before Dover you may anckor safe against a north Rode under Dover and a northwest winde right against the castle is the best anckoring at 10 fathome for there it is faire ground To sayle into the Downes sayle easily in by the point of Dover all along by the land within two cables length To sayle into the Downes and sette beneath the middle castle at seven or eight fathome To sayle through betweene Goodwin and the land When you come out of the west and will goe in betweene Goodwin-sands to the Foreland you must goe n. and by e. so long untill that the mill which standeth upon the Foreland come on the west-side of the valley which is in the Foreland going all along north and by east and northnortheast untill the towre which is upon the Foreland coÌ„meth upon the east-ende of the valley then you are north from the Quernes then the flatte steeple which standeth upon the land of Dover will be upon or right over the third white chalck hill which lyeth north from the point of Dover this is a right long marke to sayle through betweene the Quernes Goodwin-sands as well from the east as from the west To sayle north within Goodwin sands If you will goe north within Goodwin sands you must goe no nearer to the Quernes then seven fathome placing the point of Dover southsouthwest from you and there you goe in at the best depth theâ— when the flatte steeple which standeth upon the Foreland coÌ„meth within Ramsgate or the valley then you are against the Quernes Markes of the Quâ—rnes and when the mill commeth within Ramsgate then you are south from the Quernes When you lye in the Downes that the inner point of Dover clâ—ffe is southsouthwest froÌ„ you then the Quernes lye north and by east from you and the north-ende of Goodwinsands lyeth northeast from you Thus the land of Dover openeth when you are weâ—t from Woman or Vrowen-sand through the Heads When you will sayle without Goodwin sands to the Foreland then hold the point which lyeth west from Dover To sayle without Goodwin sands to the Foreland without the point of the downes and goe in north-east till the Foreland be northwest and by west from you then you may well goe to the Foreland and anckor before Margat or where you will but right against the steeple which hath the mill by it is the best rode or when the point of the Foreland is southsouthwest and southwest and by south from you there also is good anckoring at 8 or 9 fathome You may also goe betweene the Quernes and the Foreland To goe within the Quernes to Sandwich to Sandwich but there lyeth an other Sand called the Three-stales betweene it and the Quernes it is 3 fathome deepe and betweene the land and the said sand it is also 3 fathome deepe at half flood but the Quernes are in short tyme much lessened cleane gone so that the north ende is almost gone Betweene Margat and the Reculvers you may anckor in all places at 6 or 7 fathome at half flood Thus Fierley sheweth when you sayle along by it four leagues from the land When you goe from the Downes to the Foreland then the land sheweth thus V. Of the running and falling of the streames in these places FRom Portland to the I le of Wight the flood falleth east by north and the ebbe west and by south From the I le of Wight to Bevesier likewise east and by north and west and by south By Bevesier on the land before the Seven-cliffes the flood falleth east and by south and the ebbe west and by north From Bevesier to the Single it falleth eastnortheast and westsouthwest From the Singles to Dover the flood falleth northeast by east and southwest and by west In the middle through the Heads the flood falleth northeast and by east and the ebbe southwest and by south From Dover to the Foreland the streame falleth within Goodwin-sands through over the Quernes south and north by the Foreland in to the Reculvers over the Brakes the flood falleth westsouthwest and west and by south About without Goodwin to Kintesknock the flood falleth north and by west and northnorthwest there the flood commeth both from north and south and meete each other and fall so in to the sands and the havens or chanels In the
to Oterdam at 5 6 and 7 fathome but goe no nearer unto it for it is verie steepe and shoring but there you may sayle under the east side at 6 fathome when you come within Eemshorne sayling up for there lyeth a Flat on the east side called the Hound The Hound The Pap◠which is a hard sand and somewhat more inward there lyeth an other Flat called the Pape also a hard sand and are fast one to the other But heere the west side is all soft claye ground to Oterdam You must keepe along by the west side and followe the beacons which stand along This reach stretcheth first s s w. and s and by w. and about in a boucht or hollowe place s s e. and by Groning land southeast To shunne Reyders or Iannens sand which is a Flatte which lyeth in the middle of the Eems betweene Oterdam Reyde Reyders and Iannens sand upon it at lowe water there is no more then tenne foot deepe then take heede of Oterdam which hath a flat church without a steeple and standeth upon the banck of Groning land when you come thither then you must strike over to Embden land to the Knock which is now a broken steeple standing in the water upon the point when you have the Knock then rūne within two ropes length by the north side along to Loegherhorne The Knock. and so you shall not sayle by this flatte There standeth a flatte steeple between Knock and Loegherhorn Markes of Reyder sand called Gerrits Swart when you may see through this steeple or when this steeple and the church come one upon the other then you are against this Flat When you sayle up the West Eems then you must leave all the tonnes on starreborde A southeast and northwest moone maketh a high water with out the Eems In the Balgh a southsoutheast and northnorthwest moone But before the towne of Embden a south and south and by west and a north and north and by east moone XI The situation of the Iland Iuyst and how you must sayle into the East Eems THe Iland Iuyst lyeth about a league and an half e. n. e. from Borcum It is a lowe Iland but the west land is a high steepe point and grayish land the east ende also is higher then the middle The church standeth in the middle of the land the steeple is somewhat sharp and standeth at the east ende of the church You cannot see the church but when it is against a lowe peece of ground or a valleye Betweene Borcum and Iuyst the East Eems goeth in Iuyst sand From the west ende of Iuyst there reacheth a Sand at least two leagues west into the Sea you may sound it without at 3 or 4 fathome and south from it you goe into the East Eems Thus the Iland Iuyst sheweth about two leagues crosse from you To sayle into the East Eems If you will sayle into the East Eems then set the church upon Borcum south from you and so if it be cleare wether then you shall see through the steeple sayle upon it you shall finde the uttermost tonne which lyeth at four or four fathome and an half lowe water From the uttermost tonne to the second tonne the course is east and by south The ende of Iuyst sand betweene the two sands on the inner side is verie shoring and steepe so that you cannot sound it but somewhat more inward from the second tonne it is flatter so that there you may easely sound it The second tonne lyeth at three fathome lowe water at the point of a long small banck or point which commeth shooting off from the east ende of Borcum which is called Brewers flat Brewers flat which you may sayle under this Sand on the north side is all shoring Betweene the first and the second tonne it is four fathome deepe at lowe water but against the second tonne it is deeper againe at 8 or 9 fathome From the second tonne the East Eems reacheth in east and by south and eastsoutheast and sometimes somewhat southerlyer but from the second tonne with a flood you must goe east and east and by north that you may not be lead into the fore side of Brewers flat Iuyst sand is inward from the second tonne flatte so that you may sound it at 5 or 6 fathome but come no nearer unto it and so you shall not sayle under Memers sand which is a sand Memers sand which within Iuyst shooteth off from the foot-strand of Memers sand As soone as you have deeper water againe then goe first eastsoutheast then southeast to the beakon upon the high Horne Beacon upon the high Horn. which standeth on starreborde upon the drie sand turne southward or westward up behinde the beakon there is the rode and there you may anckor at 5 6 or 7 fathome as you thinck good it is there good lying for a south winde The East Eemes there against it is wide and broad The east ende of Borcum is flatte you must use your lead when you goe there out or in with a shippe that draweth much water About southeast and south by east from the beacon aforesaid lyeth the tonne upon Conincx flat 〈…〉 King◠〈◊〉 upon a sand that shooteth of from the south side this tonne and the said beacon you must leave on starreborde and there betweene them both on the south side there is good anckoring At Norden in East vriesland there are two flatte steeples whereof the one is great and flat the other long and slender which stand one close by the other when these steeples come a shippes length east from the easterlyest side of the Bant which is a small Iland upon the Wadt then you have the tonne upon Conincx flat that is a good long marke and when Iuyst steeple is n. n. e. from you it is a good crosse marke of the said tonne From the tonne at Conincx flat to the tonne at Hamburgh sand the course is s e. and s e. by e. it lyeth at three fathome Tonne at Hamburger plate but this is Pilots water for great ships You may there goe through a Kille or small gutterie chanel into the West Eems and come out against the southerlyest tonne in the West Eems To sayle through this Kille leave the tonne upon Hamburger sand on baghborde and sayle along by the beacons leaving them on starborde It is at both endes of this Kille three fathome deepe and in the middle 5 6 7 fathome it reacheth through about s s w. into the West Eems Memer balgh Memer balgh lyeth about half a league within Iuyst betweene the beacon upon the high Horne and the tonne at Conincx flat that is on the east side of the East Eems and reacheth most north in It is a good rode for small ships that wil goe west about or without about Also within the balgh which runneth in by the high Horne there is a good rode
out of the south Markes to reach the chanel then runne so long about the north at 6 or 7 fathome untill you see a small Iland within the land without the point whereon you shall then see a howse standing which is called Iurtmans house when you have that house a masts length without the point of the List then goe in e. by s and e. s e. and keepe these markes standing so until you are within the point of List then turne up about the point southward and anckor before the Voochts house there it is 9 or 10 fathome deepe Without in the chanel there lyeth a Flat or Sand called Haef sand that you leave on baghborde when you come in without it is verie flat and you may sound it when you come out of the north Markes to avoide Haef sand To shūne it when you come north ward you must turne or put of so far from the land till the redde cliffe cōmeth without the downes or that you see it full for then you may well goe over Haefsand with ships that goe not verie deepe And also when you come out of the haven of List and will goe north about then sayle so farre out that you may see the cliffe then you may also goe over the said Sand. This Sand reacheth off from the south ende of Rem a good waie into the Sea On the south side of the haven of List there lyeth another Sand or Banck along by the land not verie farre without the strand named Rust or Rusting Rust or Rusting To sayle into the chanel of List comming from the south you must in tyme sayle upon the land of List about the redde Cliffe because of the Rust which commeth shooting off from the north ende of List along by the strand and when you are by the land and come a good waie within the redde Cliffe then there commeth a Flatte shooting off from the land which you must shunne somewhat but you may sound it verie well and keepe all the foot strand and you can not faile therein Rust is a small banck The situation of Rust sand which shooteth along by the strand and beginneth against the innermost point of List and reacheth till it commeth about the redde Cliffe From the inner point of List also shooteth off a Sand which you must also take heede of Now when you come within the innermost point of List and are before it then you may anckor where you thinke good But if you will goe to Lutke Tunderen To sayle to Lutke Tunderen then leave the Sand which lyeth south from Iure sand on starborde rūne through betweene them both but if you will goe to Hoesem or to Silt over the Wadt To sayle over Wadt to Hoesem then leave that Sand on baghborde and upon Voorn there stand two or three trees which you must keepe against the westerlyest church or steeple and so you must goe to Voorn Betweene Haef-sand or Haes-sand and the Iland of Rim there goeth another chanel in The Land deepe of List of about a fathome and an half water The I le of Rim is about 3 leagues long without it is verie flat so that you can hardly see the land at sixe or seven fathome About eight or nine leagues without the Iland of Silt there lyeth a Banck along by the land of eight or nine fathome deepe it is about two leagues long and neare as long as the Iland betweene this Banck and the Iland it is thirteene fathome deepe but when you are at nine fathome without the Iland of Silt then Holie land lyeth about south from you Thus the Iland of Silt sheweth when you sayle along by it List The redde Cliffe Heydom Foretrap VII To sayle into Knuyts or Ryper Chanel FRom the Haven of List to Knuyts or Ryper chanel the course is north south about 7 leagues but Ryper deepe and Holie land lye distant north and somewhat southerly and south and somewhat easterly To sayle into Knuyts or Ryper chanel when you come out of the south then runne by the flat of Rim and Manu about to the south ende of Phanu called South head or South point then you shall see two capes or beacons upon a drie sand stand a litle southward from South head bring these beacons a litle before each other that is the innermost or longest a litle or a hand spake length north frō the shortest or uttermost then they wil stand east or somewhat northerly from you let them stand so and there you shall finde the uttermost tonne which lyeth at four fathome on the north land which you must leave on baghborde goe to the second tōne e. and by s and when you are by the first tonne then you may see the second yet they lye a great waie one from the other you must leave the second tonne also on baghborde keepe along by the south land till you be past the beacons for there shooteth off a Flat from the uttermost beacon to the second tōne which you must shunne somewhat When you are past the beacons then loose because of the Sand whereon the beacons stand and there anckor where you will for there it is deepe and shoring or steepe there you can doe no harme The Ryper shippes which come out lye there staying for a winde In this chanel it is 20 foot water at half flood but at a high water it is not the best chanel for it is narrowe and flat a great waie without and then when you have gotten that then you may see both the sides of the land ravle when the winde bloweth somewhat hard But when you come out of the north then you must rūne upon the south ende of Phanu untill you see the beacons aforesaid and then do as I shewed you before The Moone being southsouthwest and northnortheast maketh there a high water VIII To sayle into the Grouwe deepe and Schellingh kroegh ABout n. e. and n. e. by n. from the north ende of Phanu there lyeth a little Hill as if it were an Iland called Luysbergh Luysbergh A litle north frō it there lyeth a long plaine sand hill which is called Langhelech Langhelech from thence the land reacheth northwest from the south to the west side Betweene the north point of Phanu Langhelech Grouwe deepe Grouwe-deepe goeth in To sayle into it whē you come out of the south runne along by the Iland sound along about the north point till you gette deeper water The north ende of Phanu is flat verie far Now when you get deeper water then you shal see three or four hillocks about northeast from you upon the high land with a flat steeple called Holm or Bruynum bring this church a cables length north from the hillocks and then when you have the depth then those markes are northeast from you then goe in n. e. and keepe the south side till you come within by the drie
half waie to Siero When you will sayle through betweene the two Ilands aforesaid above Russenesse you must leave two third parts of the water lying on Wero side and goe in s s w. and s and by w. to Roems that is nine leagues The said sand is called Haters sand and it is on the east side it is verie hard and stonie and if you come from Boltsack you must runne close by the Iland of Wero to shunne the Sand the chanel betweene the sand and Wero is not to broad but it is three and three fathome and an half deepe He that cōmeth eastward of Wero through betweene Wero and Haters sand and will sayle to Roems let him goe right south by east so he shal rūne about a quarter of a league eastward of Boltsack and fall right east from Roems In like manner he that goeth from Roems or a litle east of it north and by west he falleth betweene Wero and Haters Sand right in the fairewaie One may runne through betweene Roems and Fuynen at two fathome but you cannot goe through there with great ships From the north ende of Fuynen there shooteth off a Sand at least a quarter of a league into the Sea Within Roems in the land of Fuynen there lyeth a litle towne to lade at which is called Cartmond Cartemonde there commonly lye two tonnes in the haven you may sayle in by them the haven goeth in east on the west side it is flat the tonnes lye along by the flats and in sayling up you leave them on starborde this haven is 12 foot deepe From Romps to Spro Spro or Knuytshooft Knuytshooft the course is s by e and s s e. five leagues Betweene Siero and Knuytshooft it is 12 and 13 fathome deepe but betweene Romps and Siero it is 10 or 11 fathome deepe Right south about the point of Knuytshooft in Fuynen lyeth the Haven of Nyburgh Nyburgh when you are about the point then you goe close up to the towne about a league northwestward it is 6 or 7 fathome deepe you lye there with your ship at the Kaye and have anie thing caried aborde that you will From Knuytshooft to Langheland the course is s e. four leagues then you leave Spro on baghborde frō the southeast ende of Spro there shooteth off a Sand which you must shūne At the northende of Langheland lye the Ilands of Frissel Frissel which are verie foule round about From Knuytshooft to the Iland of Tassingh the course is s 4 leagues you must leave Frissel on the left hand and you must runne through betweene Frissel and Fuynen If you will goe to Swinburgh Swin burgh then from Frissel goe to the southeast ende of Fuynen s s w. and you shall come to an Iland where you may goe about on both sides through betweene Tassingh and the Iland or you may runne along by the land of Fuynen till you come to the towne of Swinburgh which lyeth over against the Iland of Tassingh against the point of Fuynen there lyeth an Iland called Olmes Olmes then you must strike up westward You may also goe about on the other side of Tassingh leave the Iland Arr the foule grounds that lye between Arr the southeast ende of Fuynen on baghborde Upon those Grounds it is not above 6 foot deepe And when you come by the Iland of Olmes or the southeast point of Fuynen then as aforesaid you must strike up westward about the point of Fuynen to Woburgh On the south side of these Grounds aforesaid there goeth also a chanel through which goeth west and west and by south betweene the Grounds and the Iland of Arr. In this Iland of Arr there is a towne called Copingh Copingh This foule ground is 2 leagues long the Iland of Arr is also two leagues long both of them reach east west Monke Iland Monke Iland lyeth at the ende of these grounds in Fuynen before Woburgh it hath two Sands the one commeth from the southeast ende and shooteth east into the Sea the other commeth from the north point and reacheth northeast into the Sea But when you sayle north frō these grounds that is betweene Fuynen and these grounds to Woburgh then you goe upon the said I le of Monke and an Iland or two more which you must leave on the left hand and runne all along by the land of Fuynen about w. and w. and by n. to the point of Askens Askens which is about five leagues from the southeast point From the east point of Askens to the Iland Areu and Toreu Areu and Toreu the course is w. and by n. and w. n. w. above 2 leagues These two Ilands lye one over against the other the one on Iutland the other on Fuynen land and you must goe through betweene two Sands which runne one against the other and there it is 4 or 5 fathome deepe North or west frō Areu the chanel of Haddersleu Haddersleu begineth and reacheth in about w. and by s upon it lyeth the towne of Haddersleu which is above two leagues within the land From Areu or Toreu to Melversond the course is n. n. w. 5 leagues which you goe into southward first you goe westward in to the chanel of Coldinghen Coldinghen which is a wide chanel which goeth about a league into the land when you will goe through Melversond then you leave it on the left hand and goe up eastward to the towne of Melver To sayle through Melversond where you come againe into the crooked Melversond goeth out northward with a great crooking and then you must goe out againe into the broad water north from Fuynen as I taught you before You may also sayle out from Areu or Aelsche chanel s s w. to Apenrade Apenrade and so behinde about the Iland of Aelsens till you come into the chanel of Flensburgh To turne againe to the Belt it is from Rosnes Rosnes n. n. w. going west from Syro From Rosnes shooteth a Sand off to seaward but a litle east from Rosnes that is from the point which lyeth half waie at Haselin there reacheth a Sand off above a league an half into the Sea that lyeth at the ende quite drie you may boldly runne about close by the drie for not farre from it it is eight fathome deepe From Rosnes to Spro south and north 8 or 9 leagues Betweene Rosnes and Spro lyeth Callenburgh Callenburgh in Zeland which also is a lading place and about two leagues south from Callenburgh shooteth a flatte along the Coast about three quarters of a league from the strand of five fathome deepe From the east ende of Spro shooteth a stonie banck off and over against it commeth a Flat shooting off from the land there betweene them it is 4 and 5 fathome deepe But behinde or against Spro lyeth Cassuer Cassuer a faire
Haven where also lying at the Kaye you may have your goods caried into the ship From Spro to Langheland the course is s e. and by s four leagues Right against Langheland lyeth Golbersond whereof I will speake in the Chapter following V. How these places lye distant from each other and also from other Countreys ALthough in the description of this Carde of the Belt frō Schaghen to Langheland most part of the reachings of the land from one place to another is set downe yet I thought it requisite to set and place them heere in order one after the other as I have done in the rest of the descriptions and the rather for that I thinke it will be profitable for Saylers when men having them all together by themselves may the readier and sooner finde such stretchings as they desire to see From Schaghen to Lesou s s e. 8 leagues From Schaghen to the Trindle s e. 8 leagues From Schaghen to the small Helmes s and by w. 4 leagues From Schaghen to Zebuy s and by w. 7 leagues From the Helmes to Zeebuy 2 leagues From Zeebuy to Aelburgher s and by w. 7 leagues From Aelburgher chanel to Mariacker s and s by w. 4 leagues From Aelburgher deepe to Stevenshooft s e. by s 9 leagues From Aelburgher chanel to Haselin s e. and by e. 20 leagues From Stevenshooft to Haselin e. s e. 13 leagues From Stevenshooft to the great Holme s s w. about 7 leagues Frō Stevenshooft to the point of Ebeltud s s w. 7 or 8 leagues From Stevenshooft to Siero s s e. 8 leagues From Great Holme to Wero s s e. 4 leagues From Great Holme to Sampso south-southwest 4 leagues From the south ende of Ebeltud to Aerhuysen west and west by south 5 leagues From the Rode of Sampso to Ebelo southsouthwest and south and by west 5 leagues From the south ende of Sampso to the Iland Ebelo south-southwest 4 great leagues The northwest coast of Fuynen reacheth s w. by w. 8 leagues From Ebelo to Melversond s w. 5 leagues From Endelau to Melversond southsouthwest and somewhat southerlyer 7 leagues From Sampso to Roems s e. 5 leagues From west from Siero to Roems s s w. and s by w. 9 leagues From Wero to Bultsack s s w. 4 great leagues From Bultsack to Romps s s e. and s and by e. 4 leagues From Romps to Knuytshooft s by e. and s s e. 5 leagues From Knuytshooft to Langheland s e. 4 leagues From Knuytshooft to the Iland Tassingh south 4 leagues From the southeast ende of Fuynen to the east ende of Askens west and west and by north 5 leagues From the point of Askens to the Ilands of Toreu Areu west and by north and westnorthwest 2 leagues From Areu to Melversond n. n. w. 5 leagues From the point of Rosnes in Zeland to the I le of Spro south 8 or 9 leagues From Spro to Langheland s e. and by s 4 leagues Heere followeth the Carde N. 24. CHAPTER V. A DECLARATION HOVV you shall sayle forth through the Belt to Femeren and along by the Coasts of Holst Mechelenburgh and Pomerland Also the situation of Laland Falster Borneholme and the places lying there abouts I. The situation of the Golversond of Laland Falster and Meun so farre as to Steden THe Iland of Langheland is about eight leagues long and reacheth south and north there east against it lyeth the Golversond which reacheth in north from Laland and reacheth all up to Nestvelt and Wordenburgh and commeth into the Greensond and in that Wolf-chanel or Wolve-gat goeth into the East-sea againe Before Golversond there lye three Ilands the one called Wedero which lyeth at the point of Laland and is fast to it by a Sand so that you may not sayle through betweene them there northward you goe into Golversond To sayle into Golversond leaving it on starborde The other two lye north from the said Iland of Wedero the first whereof is called Arnis and the other Ooms Ooms is a litle plaine Iland but Arnis is the greatest it lyeth nearest Zeland and is full of trees From the Iland Ooms a Sand stretcheth off southwest to seaward which is at least a league long and at the ende flat that you may runne over with the lead and when you will sayle into Golversond you must let these two Ilands lye on baghborde of you The Iland Laland at the west point The Sand of Laland over against the south ende of Langheland hath a Sand or Hooke which reacheth off from Laland half over the Belt to shunne it you must runne along a quarter of a league east from Langheland Markes of Lalands Riffe or Sand. or if you leave two third parts of the water on Lalands side and the other third part on Langhelands side then also you shall not sayle upon it When you come out of the south and will goe into the Belt and that then the steeple of Mascou which standeth upon Laland commeth to be northeast and by east from you then you are past that sand and it lyeth south from you In this chanel betweene Laland and the south ende of Langheland it is sixe seven fathome deepe From the south ende of Langheland to Femeren the course is southeast and by east seven leagues Now when you come off from Langheland and have past the Sand or Hooke of Laland the South coast of Laland reacheth there east and west There lyeth a long Sand along which is called the Redde-sand Tha Red-sand and reacheth out till it commeth before Golversond which runneth in betweene Laland and Gester North from this Sand there is a Rode of sixteene and eighteene foot water before the townes of Aelholme Aelholme and Robuy Robuy where you may lade nuttes and barley Betweene Laland and Gester against this Redde sand as I said the Golversond goeth in you may there goe into it and come out againe into the Belt but in this chanel there is small depth for there lyeth a stone-bancke within crosse over the chanel in it there lyeth a towne called Nicopen Nicopen which lyeth upon the Iland of Falster a league within Gester From Gester Gester-sand Gester-sand shooteth off at least two leagues into the Sea it is a drie Sand. East from Gester-sand lyeth an Iland called Bout Bout and there it is all flat or shallowe water at 3 or 4 fathome Beschrijvinghe vant zuijder deel vande Belt en hoemen de Custen van Mekelēborch Pomeren met de Landen daer tegen over tusschen Femeren en̄ Bornholm geleghē beseijlen en̄ alle Revē en Sanden daer ontrent schouwen sal Description de la partie meridionale de la Belt comment qu'on doibt mariner les costes de Mekelenbourgh Pomere et les pais la viz a viz situez entre Femere et Bornholm et eviter tous bancs de sable et dangiers la environ From Gestersand to
and reacheth n. w. by n. off from the east land and when the steeple commeth upon the houses then goe in s s e and in that deepe it is 12 foot water In the Somer there lye two tōnes in the chanel the one upon the point of the Sand which commeth shooting off from the east land and the other upon the the flat ground you must runne in through them both This Wismare haven lyeth distant from Femeren south and by east about 7 or 8 leagues but from Wismare to Gester sand the course is n. n. e. 12 or 13 leagues About south from Gester sand lyeth Rostock Rostock and there also goeth in a faire haven of tenne foot deepe but it is verie flat on both sides you may use it on both sides with the lead Wismaer and Rostock are distant about 8 or 9 leagues A litle east from Rostock lyeth a high land called Robbenes Robbenes from it there reacheth off a great Sand or flat to the Seaward toward Gester sand betweene Gester sand and this Sand it is no deeper then 12 or 13 fathome if you goe nearest to Gester sand then it is presently drie but if you goe nearest to this Sand then it is sometimes drier Gester sand as I said before is a drie Sand and runneth at least two leagues into the Sea Right east from this Sand aforesaid lyeth Berts Berts There goeth in a chanel of sixe foot deepe and on the west point there reacheth off a Sand which you must shunne Three or four leagues east from Berts the Ielle goeth in To sayle into the Ielle at eight or tenne foot deepe there you may goe into Mesond or Straelsond and going into it you may see the steeple of Mesond lying before you within it is 12 and 14 foot deepe altogether flat water When you sayle to Lubeck betweene the land of Cruysoort and Holsterland it sheweth thus on both sides Wismar Great Cruysoort Litle Cruysoort Holsterland The East point Thus the Coast of Mekelenburgh sheweth betweene Cruysoort and Dornebos or the Ielle when you sayle along by it a league from the land Berts Robbenes Rostock Oudevaer Buck point V. The situation of Dornbos Witmont Iasmont the Peert and Newe deepe Thorne-bush THe point of Dornbos lyeth from Ielle north by west a league and an half under it you may ancker lye safe against a northeast and southwest winde From Dornebos to Witmont Witmont the course is northeast and by east four leagues Betweene Dornebos and Witmont there goeth in a great Creeke you may there runne into it along by Witmont and there anckor at five or sixe fathome safe against a southwest and east winde From Witmont to Iasmont Iasmont the course is eastsoutheast two great leagues Betweene Witmont and Iasmont you may also ancker there also is a good Rode at seven or eight fathome there you may lye safe against a west and south winde but further from the land at tenne or twelve fathome there is foule ground From Iasmont to the Peert The Peert the course is s s e. two leagues Betweene Iasmont and the Peert one may ride it against a west south-southwest and south winde it is there all over faire ground The Peert which is also called the Great Bocke upon Iasmont is a heape or two of trees and it is an out-point with two points or endes and there betweene them is a brave Sandbaye where it is good lying at four five fathome faire ground To sayle into the Newe deepe A league south from the Peert the Newe Deepe goeth in right within the point there lyeth a foule ground under the water and somewhat inwards to the southerlyest point lyeth a drie Sand. To sayle into the Newe Deepe holde the two points one over the other that is the Peert on the souththerlyest point and hold it so standing and so you shall sayle right upon the first tonne since there former yeeres there have three tonnes beene layed in the middle of the faire water southsouthwest and northnortheast from each other From the third tonne to the beacon that standeth upon the ende of the Sand that shooteth off from the Roeden the course is southeast by it you may goe about and anckor behinde the Iland at five or sixe fathome Or if you will goe quite within then runne upon the point of Gripswolde and thereby you may then turne up westwards to Mesond or eastwards to Stetin To Mesond and Stetin That chanel is about twelve foot deepe and within it is all flat and for the most part two or three fathome till you be before the towne of Mesond or Straelsond There lyeth an Iland and there is the Veer to set over upon the land of Ruyghen The towne of Gripswold Gripswold lyeth in the entrie right before you in the River The Coast of Pomeren reacheth from the Newe Deepe to Colsberghen east and by north and eastnortheast 16 or 17 leagues But betweene Colsberghen and the Newe Deepe there lye two Havens more first the Swin Swin lying from the Newe Deepe seven leagues it runneth through with a River up to Haf right over against the River of Stetin From the Swin to Camin it is eastnortheast five leagues Camin Camin lyeth upon the east ende of the Stetynsche Haf and goeth also with a River to Haf Thus Witmont sheweth when you sayle by it being two leagues from the land Thus Iasmond sheweth when you sayle by it being two leagues from the land VI. The situation of the Iland of Borneholme and of the Ertholmes THe Iland of Borneholme lyeth from the Newe-deepe north and by east sixteene leagues but from Witmont northeast and by east twelve leagues From Valsterbon to sayle north about Borneholme it is east and by north nineteene leagues but from Valsterbon to sayle south about it is east and by south one-and-twentie or two-and twentie leagues Borneholme Borneholme is an Iland which is round about faire and one may sound it round about at twelve and thirteene fathome and on the southwest side at eight or nine fathome without anie daunger But on the southeast ende there lyeth a Sand called Brouwers sand which you must shunne You may anckor round about Bornholme as before Rottum Nex Swanex and Santwick Betweene Rottum Rottum and the castle which standeth upon the northwest point you may anckor at thirteene fathome and there you lye safe against a northeast winde You may also anckor under the castle at eighteene or twentie fathome but the nearer to the land the fouler ground Under the northwest point before Santwick there also it is good anckoring for a southwest winde and you may goe boldly neare to the point From the northwest point to the other point the land reacheth eastsoutheast and westnorthwest On the east side of Borneholme it is good anckoring before Swanex and Nex Suanex Nex but by Nex it is not verie
and 32 fathome V. How these Lands and Places in their reaches and distances are situate from each other FRom Camin to Colsberghen the course is northeast and by east 4 legues From Colsberghen to Castlyn northeast 4 leagues From Caslyn to Ruwold n. n. e. 5 leagues From Ruwold to Garshooft n. n. e. 4 leagues From Garshooft to Reefcol n. e. and by e. 4 leagues From Reefcol to Liba e. n. e. 7 leagues From Liba to Sernevisse e. n. e. 5 leagues From Sernevisse to Righshooft eastnortheast 4 leagues From Righshooft to Axternes southeast 4 leagues From Axternes to Vernorden southeast more then a league From Vernorden to Heel n. n. w. and s s e. above a league From Heel to Danske s and by w. 5 leagues From the Heads of Danske to Conincxberghen haven e. n. e. and n. e. and by e. 13 leagues From Conincxberghen haven to Lockstede north and north by west 4 leagues From Lockstede to Memle n. n. e. 16 or 17 leagues From Colsberghen to Garshooft n. e. and by n. 13 leagues From Reefcol to Righshooft e. n. e. 16 leagues From Righshooft to Conincxberghen haven east and by south 17 leagues From Righshooft to Memle northeast by east 29 leagues From the south ende of Borneholme to the Swin s 13 leagues From the south ende of Borneholme to Colsberghen southeast 16 leagues From the south ende of Bornholme to Reefcol east by north 24 leagues And when you leese the sight of Borneholme then you see Reefcol againe within an houre after From the northende of Borneholme or from Ertholmes to Righshooft east and east and by north 40 leagues From the northende of Borneholme or from the Ertholmes to Memle e. by n. and somewhat northerlyer 65 leagues VI. How these Points and Places are distant from other Lands FRom the northende of Borneholme to Utstede northwest 8 leagues From Borneholme to Hanno n. and by w. 12 leagues From Borneholme to the Der-clippen or Uyt-clippen northnortheast 19 leagues From the east or south ende of Borneholme to the south ende of Oeland northnortheast 26 leagues From the west or north ende of Borneholme to the Southnoorden or the south ende of Oeland northeast and by north 25 leagues From Borneholme to Houghburgh or the south ende of Gotland the course is n. e. somewhat northerlyer 50 leagues From Borneholme to Ostergarde northeast or somewhat northerlyer 61 or 63 leagues From Borneholme to Winda is the course northeast by east and somewhat easterlyer 80 or 82 leagues From Garshooft to Calmersond north and by west 32 leagues From Righshooft to Hanno west and by north or somewhat northerlyer about 38 or 40 leagues From Righshooft to the south ende of Oeland the course is northwest 33 leagues From Righshooft to Houburgh the south ende of Gotland north and by west 34 leagues From Righshooft to Ostergarde is the course north and south 45 leagues From Righshooft to Dagheroort n. n. e. 80 leagues From Righshooft to Derwinda the course is northeast and by north 54 leagues From Righshooft to Sevenberghen northeast 33 leagues From Conincxberghen deepe to Southernoorden or the south ende of Oeland n. w. by w. and w. n. w. 50 leagues From Conincxberghen haven to Houburgh or the south ende of Gotland northwest and by north 48 leagues From Memle to Houburgh is the course w. n. w. 37 leagues Here followeth the Carde N 26. CHAPTER VII A DESCRIPTION OF the Sea-coasts and Ilands of Lyfland which lye betweene Memle and Revle I. The situation of Memle to Domesnes FRom Memle to Sevenberghen the land reacheth northnorthwest 11 leagues but three leagues south from Sevenberghen lyeth Helighawe or Heligher Rou Heligher Rou. which is a place where you lade all kinde of wares Four leagues north from Sevenberghen lyeth the River of Ter Liba This River is sixe foot deepe goeth farre up into the land but within you come to a great water Terliba Terliba is also a lading place where you lade all kinde of Coerland Ware From Olma or Terliba to Backovens Bacovens the course is north and by east seven or eight leagues next to Domesnes it is the best land to be knowne in all Coerland it is certaine hillocks or downes with trees which showe out above the rest of the land About three leagues south from Backovens there lyeth an out-point called Steensoort Steensort which is flatte like Luseroort but it is stonie ground And this Steens-oort lyeth about four or five leagues south from Derwinda Derwinda The coast of Cóerland from Sevenberghen to Derwinda reacheth north and by east fifteene or sixteene leagues At Derwinda there standeth a castle with two or three steeples whereby it is well knowne About seven leagues west and by north from Derwinda lyeth a banck upon which there is no more water then five fathome it is about half a league broad and groweth deeper on both sides easily but how far it stretcheth northward or southward is unknowne to me From Derwinda to Luseroort Luseroort it is northeast and by north four leagues Luseroort is an outpoint but when you are against it then the land seemeth all to have one reach but when you are a league or two on the east side thereof then you see it to be an outpoint Against Luseroort it is all flatte water three leagues into the Sea The land of Luseroort to Domesnes reacheth northeast and by east and somewhat easterlyer about twelve leagues From the south ende of Oesel called Swalueroort Swalueroort there shooteth off a Sand south and by west at least two leagues into the Sea betweene Domesnes and Luseroort but nearest to Luseroort and shooteth to the flatte of Luseroort it is a bad Sand verie hard and broad at some places it is drie Oesle sand and four fathome deepe and in some places shallower as you are distant from the point of Oesel for at some places about Oesel it is drie and againe at some places two two and an half and three fathome deepe To conclude it is hard and verie uneven and a man must there be verie carefull of it West from that Sand there lye also manie Dwale-grounds which reach north about the coast of Oesel which in some places are no deeper then two three four and five fathome If you wil goe to Ryge and comming out of the Sea fall upon Derwinda you must not leave the coast of Coerland To avoid Oesle sand but you must runne about the flatte of Luseroort at five fathome or somewhat lesse that you may not sayle without the Sand of Oesel The chanel betweene the flatte of Luseroort the Sand of Oesel is not above eight or nine fathome deepe but cōmonly you have seven fathome then you goe just about this flatte The ground heere against Luseroort in some places is verie uneven sometimes sixe sometimes eight and nine fathome at one cast of the lead you shall have two or three
of Oesel is west and by north half a league from you and the point of Oesle whereon the houses stand west there is the best Rode at seven fathome soft ground there you lye safe against a westsouthwest winde all along by Oesle it is flatte ground of three four and five fathome Five leagues northward from Domesnes lyeth the Iland Abrick Abrick which lyeth distant from Ruynen northwest and by west and southeast and by east seven or eight leagues and there betweene them both it is almost full of Dwalegrounds of three four five sixe fathome but they lye nearest to Abrick Abrick is a foule Iland with stonie ground and manie Dwalegrounds it lyeth within a league and an half of Oesle From Abrick to Arensbergh Arensbergh in Oesle the course is north and by west four or five leagues it is a lading place for barley and fatte wares From the south ende of Oesle to Arensbergh through within Abrick it is northnortheast eleven leagues From Abrick to the north ende or northeast ende of Oesle the course is northeast and somewhat norrtherlyer tenne or eleven leagues but from Ruynen to the aforesaid point of Oesle it is north 13 leagues If you will sayle from Abrick or from Ruynen about the northeast point of Oesle you must take good heede of the Paternosters Paternosters which is a Sand a league from the said point reaching into the Sea From the northeast point of Oesle to Parnout the coast of Lyfland reacheth eastsoutheast and westnorthwest The Iland Abrick lying a league from Oesle IIII. The situation of the West-coast of Oesle and of Dageroort FRom the south ende of Oesle as I said before there shooteth off a great Sand south and by west into the Sea almost three leagues From Swalueroort or the south ende of Oesle to Hondsoort Hondsoort the course is northnorthwest and north and by west sixteene leagues Betweene them both lye two lading places called Wycke and Reecke Wyke and Reeke this coast of Oesle is verie uneuen and foule ground and about the south ende there lye manie Dwalegrounds of three or four fathome which are verie hard From Hondsoort to the point of Dageroort the course is northnorthwest eight leagues Upon Dageroort Dageroort there standeth a high steeple or towre which they of Revle built there to knowe the land by it and betweene Hondsoort Dageroort there is a great Creeke for there goeth also a water betweene Dageroort and Oesle but is verie flatte and drie so that no shippes can goe through it Such shippes as mistake Swalueroort or Oesle manie times are at their wittes endes in this Creeke for there is no manner of thing to knowe the land by and there it is all sharpe ground but when you come against the land of Dageroort when you are in this creeke then you see the said towre of Dageroort over the land whereby men then knowe it Under the point of Dageroort there is faire Sandground and verie good anckoring against the north and northeast windes You may runne about the point of Dageroort at seven or eight fathome and north from the point it is also good lying From Dageroort to Sibrichsnes Sybrighsnes the land reacheth northeast about seven leagues Betweene them both that is three leagues from Dageroort and four leagues from Sibrichsnes there reacheth a Sand crosse from the land northwest into the Sea sixe or seven leagues and it is a flat sloping land going to the Scharen first it is of three four five sixe and seven fathome and then it is sometimes deeper to the Finsche Scharen Sybrichsnes is an out-point that hath two pointes from either of which shooteth off a Riffe or Sand but betweene the two Sands there is good Rode faire flatte ground and good sand-ground there you may anckor as neere the shore as you will at sixe five or four fathome but a litle west from the westerlyest point of Sybrichsnes not farre from the land there lyeth a shallowe about as great as a shippe where it is no deeper then twelve foot water From Sibrighsnes to Oetgensholme the course is eastnortheast seven leagues Betweene them both the Meunsond goeth in South from Oetgensholme there goeth a great Creeke into the land whereon there lyeth an Iland and above the Iland there lyeth a towne called Hapsale Hapsale you may anckor there where you will On the south side of this Creeke there runneth a great Sand or Stone-shelfe somewhat more then a league into the Sea which is verie broade Sand of Hapsale there you may goe in by it to Meunsond Thus the land of Dageroort sheweth to Sybrichsnes Sybrichnes Dageroort V. To sayle into the Meunsond behinde or north about from Oesle to the Creeke of Ryghe FRom Sibrighsnes to Osseholme Grasholmes Grasholm the course is s e. four or five leagues The Grasholms are two greene Ilands and Osseholme Osseholm lyeth about a league west from Grasholmes where you may sayle round about and also ankor but about a league north and north and by east from Osseholme there lyeth a Landlose-ground which you must shunne which is called the West Grasseground for there are two shallowes which are called the Grasgrounds Grasgrounds the other Grasground which is called the Easterly lyeth over against Grasholme to the Sand of Hapsale having no more then four or five foot water if you will sayle into Meunsond you must be verie carefull to shunne it If you will sayle through Meunsond To sayle into Meunsond from Oetgens you must goe southsouthwest to Grasholme and there sayle in close by it to shunne the Grasground which there lyeth eastward over against it From Grasholme to the point of Oesle whereon the great tree standeth the course is southsoutheast seven leagues From Grasholme to Oesle there lye four Ilands each about a league from the other When you sayle from Grasholme to Oesle then you sayle along by these Ilands leaving them about two or three cables length on starborde till you come to the land of Oesle right over against the great tree in that chanel it is five fathome deepe When you sayle in this manner and come before the Grasground then on baghborde you finde an Iland and against it the haven or chanel goeth in to the castle of Meunsond Meunsond castle at three fathome and then it is somewhat flatter for there it is full of Sands South or west from the said Iland there goeth in a chanel which you may sayle through to Oesle and then you leave the two Ilands on the south ende of Oesle on starborde But the right and best chanel goeth from the aforesaid great tree along by the land of Oesle which is three or four fathome deepe and at last it is sixe fathome seven and eight fathome deepe againe and sayling along by it then you leave the two aforesaid Ilands by the ende of Oesle on baghborde From the great Tree to
the first Iland the course is eastsoutheast five leagues then from the first Iland to the second southeast and then forth to the ende of Oesle east and by south and comming about there you may sayle into the Righsche Sea or the creeke eastsoutheast to Kyn south to Ruynen and south-southwest or somewhat southerlyer to Abrick or whither you will but you must take good heede of the Paternoster which shooteth off from the point of Oesle almost a league into the Sea VI. The situation of Oetgensholme to Revle THe Iland of Oetgensholme Oetgensholme may be sayled round about and you may also anckor behinde it at sixe or seven fathome From Oetgensholme to great Roghe Great Roghe the course is east and by north or a litle easterlyer four leagues betweene them both a litle beside the right chanel lyeth a shallowe which you may sayle round about this Shallowe lyeth with a Rigge of Sand even and alike with the water and round about is rockie and stonie Great Roghe is a white out-point wherein there are two or three chalke hilles Behinde Oetgensholme south from Great Roghe there lyeth another point called Litle Roghe Litle Roghe betweene Great and Litle Roghe there goeth in a wide River or Haven of sixe and seven fathome but in the ende it is drie It is there all faire ground and good to anckor in From Great Roghe to the Iland Nargen Nargen the course is east and west five leagues When you sayle from Great Roghe to Narghen three or four leagues east from great Roghe you finde a point called Surp Surp wherein also there lye two white spottes or patches and then you see the Iland of Nargen lying out before you if then you will sayle to Revle then leave the Iland Nargen on baghborde runne in by the point of Surp about east to the ende of the Iland and when you are at the ende of the Iland thē goe on eastsoutheast more then a league so shall you come by the ende of the Sand that shooteth off from Bare Carels come no nearer unto it then at sixe fathome Now when the castle of Revle commeth without the Carels The situation of the Rode before Revle then sayle streight to the east side of the Head at Revle there let your anckor fall and turne with your beake head or your stearne to the Head and make it fast there with four ropes for-that the north and northnorthwest windes blowe there open into the Haven so that there it heaveth and setteth verie much From the southende of Nargen to the Iland Wolf Wolf the course is east and east and by north four leagues and that Iland is a league long Northnorthwest and northwest and by north two leagues from the west ende of this Iland and northeast and northeast and by east from the north ende of Nargen lyeth a rock or stone called the Revle stone when the steeple of Revle commeth against the west ende of the Iland then you are past or east of this rock The right markes of the Revle stone are these when the northeast ende of Nargen is south-southwest and southwest and by west from you and the steeple of Revle is a windbeames length west of the Iland Wolf then are you just about it there is but three foot water In Somer when it is faire wether sometimes the water is so smooth that the waves beate not upon the rock but if it be rough wether you may easily perceive it by the breaking of the waves The Revle stone is verie steepe you must not come nearer unto it then twelve fathome From the west ende of the Iland Wolf shooteth out a point northward into the Sea about a fourth part of a league toward the Revle stone upon the ende of the point lye five or sixe stones something above the water so that they may well be perceived If you come sayling from Revle north and by west beside the Wolfe so long till the point of Surp come even against the Iland of Nargen then you have just the length of that point then looke out of the shippe on starborde and you shall see the foresaid stones upon the ende of the point you may runne about by them at five fathome without daunger VII How these Places are distant from each other FRom Memle to Sevenberghen is the course northnorthwest 11 leagues From Sevenberghen to Derwinda north by east distant 15 or 16 leagues From Derwinda to Luseroort northeast and by north distant 4 leagues From Luseroort to Domesnes northeast and by east and eastnortheast 12 leagues From Domesnes to Domdanghen southeast 4 leagues From Domdanghen to Ferwalen s e. 5 leagues From Ferwalen to Duynemond e. and by s 12 leagues From Domesnes to Duynemond or the haven of Righe southeast and by east 21 leagues From Domesnes to Ruynen is the course east and by north 8 leagues From Ruynen to Duynemond southeast 16 leagues From Ruynen to the Iland Kyn eastnortheast 11 leagues From Duynemond to Lemsale or Sales north and by east 11 leagues From Lemsale to Parnout is the course north and by east 9 leagues From the haven of Ry to the Iland Kyn north 13 or 14 leagues From Domesnes to the south ende of Oesle westnorthwest 3 leagues From Domesnes to the Rode of Oesle northwest also 3 leagues From Domesnes to Abrick north 5 leagues But Abrick and Ruynen are distant southeast and by east and northwest and by west 7 or 8 leagues From Abrick to the northende of Oesle northeast somewhat northerlyer 10 or 11 leagues From Ruynen to the northeast ende of Oesle is the course north 13 leagues From the south ende of Oesle to Arensbergh northnortheast 11 leagues From Arensbergh to the northeast ende of Oesle eastnortheast 8 or 9 leagues From the south ende of Oesle Swalueroort to Hantsort is the course northnorthwest and north and by west 16 leagues From Hansort to Dagheroort northnorthwest 8 leagues From Dagheroort to Sibrighsnes is the course northeast about 7 leagues From Sibrighsnes to Osseholme and Grasholme southeast distant 4 or 5 leagues From Grasholme to the great tree upon Oesle southsoutheast 7 leagues From Grasholme to Oetgensholme is the course northnortheast 8 leagues From Sibrighsnes to Oetgensholme it is eastnortheast about 8 leagues From Oetgensholme to Great Roghe east and by north distant 4 leagues From Great Roghe to Narghen east 5 leagues From the south ende of Nargen to the Iland Wolfe east and east and by north 4 leagues From Derwinda to Dagheroort north and by west and somewhat northerlyer 33 leagues VIII How these Lands are situate in respect of other Lands in the reaches and distances FRom Sevenberghen to Righshooft southwest 33 leagues From Sevenberghen to Southernorden west and somewhat southerly 48 leagues From Derwinda to Houburgh west and by south 37 leagues From Derwinda to Ostergarde west 29 leagues From Derwinda to Goetsche sand◠the course northwest and by west
steeple upon the land From Farosand to Sliet-haven Sliet havē the course is south and by west three leagues and from thence to Ostergarde Ostergarde also south and by west four leagues From Ostergarde there lyeth an Iland which you may sayle round about and anckor where you will at seven or eight fathome You may sayle into Ostergarde about on both sides of the said Iland The south chanel reacheth in north at seven fathome and the east chanel north from the Iland reacheth in southwest and southsouthwest From Ostergarde to Houborch the southwest ende of Gotland the course is south-southwest and southwest and by south about twelve or thirteene leagues Betweene them both there lye four Havens called Santwick Narwick Boswick and Heylicholme The haven of Santwick Santwick reacheth in about northnorthwest within it is five and sixe fathome deepe there standeth a chappel upon the point of the land and there it is good lying This Haven and Ostergarde are distant southwest and by south and northeast and by north about a league and an half Narwick Narwick lyeth from Santwick southwest three leagues and on the east side of the Haven there lyeth a long rock which you must goe in by and leave the other sharpe rock on baghborde and anckor within the haven at four or five fathome A league west from Narwick lyeth Boswick Boswick there lyeth an Iland in the middle of the haven it is best to goe in south from it but you may also goe in north about it and then you leave the two rocks on starreborde it is a faire haven and in it is three fathome water A league south from it lyeth Heylich holme Heylich-holme it is also a good haven but it is litle knowne From Heylich holme to the south ende of Gotland the course is south-southwest five leagues On the south ende of Gotland there standeth a high steeple called Houborch Houborch At Houborch also there goeth in a haven you may anckor before it at sixe or seven fathome Sand of Gotland From the south point of Gotland there runneth a Sand a great waie into the Sea which is verie stonie but you may sound it about at seven eight and nine fathome IIII. The situation of Oeland Calmersond and so to Valsterbon FRom the south-point of Gotland to the southpoint of Oeland the course is as much westerly as south-southwest three-and-twentie or four-and-twentie leagues but the north ende of Oeland lyeth distant from the south ende of Gotland westnorthwest or as some saye west and by north tenne or eleven leagues .. The Iland of Oeland Oeland as some say is four-and-twentie leagues long and a great league broade when you sayle along by it you may telle eighteene steeples which are all flatte The eastcoast reacheth north and by east and south and by west it is a faire coast but about seven or eight leagues south from the north ende there shooteth off a Sand crosse from the land about a league into the Sea which you must shunne By it also there goeth in a haven Haven in Oeland where indifferent shippes may goe in otherwise Oeland hath never a Haven But within Calversond there a man may anckor under Oeland verie fitly to lade for there it is good lying in all places From the north ende of Oeland to the Sweathland Ioncvrouwe Sweathlād Ioncvrouwe the course is west and by south you may sayle round about it and anckor where you will there it is eighteene or nineteene fathome deepe From the Sweathland Ioncvrouwe to the rockes of Calmer the course is southsouthwest eleven leagues Calmersond Calmersond stretcheth through to Der-clipping south and by west and north-and by east twelve or thirteene leagues there it is not all to broad nor deepe there about you have three fathome and a foot deepe If you come out of the south you may runne in west also from the rockes but there it is no more then twelve foot deepe and that runneth in northnorthwest About eight leagues south from Calmer and four leagues north from the Rough Iland there lyeth a litle towne called Overschaer there abouts shooteth out a stonie Sand about a third part of a league from the shore into the Sea come no nearer unto it then tenne fathome From the south ende of Oeland there shooteth off a great Sand at least a great league into the Sea Sand of Oeland and there it is seven or eight fathome deepe when the chappel upon Suyder Norden is northwest a league from you there it is tenne or eleven fathom deepe you may sound it about at eight or nine fathome the south ende of Oeland is called Zuydernorden and the Sand is called the Sand of Zuydernorden From thence to Derclipping Derclipping it is westsouthwest eight leagues North from Derclippingh or Out-clippingh lyeth the Rough Iland Betweene that Iland and the firme land it is foule and craggie so that you cannot sayle through there but upon the east side of the Rough Iland you may saile along at tenne or twelve fathome without hurt On the west or northwest side of the Rough Iland there is good Rode where is good lying at eight or nine fathome faire ground against the northeast and east windes From Derclipping to Ahuys the course is west and west and by south tenne or eleven leagues betweene them both that is west and west and by north from Derclippingh five leagues lyeth a great rock called Malqueren Malqueren which you may anckor under North from this rock the towne called Rottenbuy Rottenbuy lyeth in a Creeke before it as also before Eleholme Eleholme you may anckor at sixe seven and eight fathome for there is good anckor ground There goeth up a river to Ahuys Ahuys of eight or tenne foot deep and before it as also before Selsborgh Selsborch the Rode is seven or eight fathome From Ahuys to Hanneu or Hanno the course is southeast five leagues Hanno Hanno is a high round Iland you may sayle and anckor round about it at tenne eleven and twelve fathome From Hanno to the north ende of Borneholme it is south and by east and north and by west eleven or twelve leagues distant South from Hanno lyeth a towne called Sant-haver Santhaver west or north from it lyeth Somer-haven Somer haven in a round baye and there it is verie good anckor ground From the north ende of Borneholme to Utstede the course is northwest eight leagues Wtstede But from Utstede to Valsterbon the coast reacheth about westsouthwest thirteene or fourteene leagues Thus the southende of Oeland sheweth when it is crosse from you V. Of the depths and grounds situate in these chanels BEtweene Gotland and the Sweathland rockes and skarres in the chanel it is 34 and 38 fathome deepe and close by Gotland it is 25 fathome deepe Two leagues from the land west from Ostergarde it is about one-and-thirtie
may sayle forward to Schaghen so about it I have alreadie declared it at large in the fourth Chapter of this Book whereunto I referre the Reader and leave it here as needelesse to be rehersed againe VIII How the streames runne in these places THrough the Sands and the Sond the streame commonly goeth with the winde but most about the North when a hard east winde bloweth and then the streame runneth out north Betweene Waersberghen and Masterland in the chanel the streame also goeth most with the winde and it raveleth there sometimes upon certaine places as if they were Sands this you may see in calme wether when you let a lead sinke upon the ground By Schaghen the streame commonly commeth falling out of the Belt and falleth to the Northeast land specially when the winde hath for a while blowne out of the east or northeast if you come from Anout and will sayle to Schaghen by night with a west winde or cōming out of the west about Schaghen with a southerly winde you would with those streames soone be driven under Norwaie before you should once thinke or imagine so much To conclude in this chanel of Valsterboen and from Steden to the Sond forth from the Sond to Schaghen it behooveth a Master or Pilot of a shippe to be verie circumspect and not to be carelesse or negligent to shunne all the daungers of the multitude of foule Sands Rocks and Shallowes which are therein and about the same therefore he that will use these Seas must be verie warie for that one that is well acquainted with them hath ynough to doe to looke to himself Thus the Iland of Anout sheweth when you come from Lezou Thus Lezou sheweth when you come from Schaghen IX How these Lands and places are distant from each other FRom the tonne upon Valsterboen sand to the tonne on Draker sand south and north 5 leagues From Steden to the tonne upon Draker sand north and by east 6 leagues The tonnes in the Sands or Shallowes how they lye distant is alreadie shewed From the north tonne in the Shallowes to the Sond north and by west 7 leagues From the Kuycke to the tonne upon Drakersand northeast 6 leagues From Steden to Malmuyen northnortheast 8 leagues From Malmuyen to Reefsholme west 5 leagues From Malmuyen to Weeme northwest and northwest and by north 7 leagues From Lantscrone to Elsenore westnorthwest 3 leagues From Weene to Lappesand northnorthwest 3 leagues From Elsenore or Lappesand to Col northwest and northwest and by north 5 leagues From Col to Engleholme east 4 leagues From Engleholme to Tuerko northwest 4 leagues From the point of Tuerco behinde Swederoer to Laholme eastnortheast 3 leagues From Laholme to Tuylo northwest and by west 5 leagues From Tuylo to Waersberghen norhwest 5 leagues From Waersberghen to Malesond n. n. w. 5 leagues From Malesond to Winno northnorthwest 3 leagues From Winno to Masterland northwest 5 leagues From Masterland to the west ende of the Paternosters westsouthwest 3 leagues From the point of Col to Haselin s w. by w. 8 leagues From Col to the out-point of Zeeland south-southwest 5 leagues From Col to the south ende of Swedero northeast 4 leagues From Col to Waersberghen north and by west 12 leagues From Waersberghen to Nydingh northwest 5 leagues From Nydingh to Malesond n. e. and n. e. by e. 1½ league From Nydingh to Masterland northnorthwest 8 or 9 leagues From Col to the Sand of Anout northwest 10 or 11 leagues From Haselin to Anouts sand north 11 leagues From the Sand of Anout to the Trindle northwest 11 leagues From the Trindle to Schagen sand northwest 8 leagues But from within the Trindle to the sand of Schagen northwest and by north also 8 leagues When you come from Schagen and will goe without about the Trindle the course is southeast and by east 8 leagues From the north ende of the Sand of Lesou to Schagen the course is northnorthwest 8 leagues XI Crosse courses in Schaghen Reach FRom Waersberghen to Anoult or Anouts Sand south-southwest 10 leagues From Waersberghen to Lesou west 16 leagues From Waersberghen to the Trindle west and by north distant 13 leagues From Waersberghen to Schagen is the course westnorthwest 19 or 20 leagues From Nydingh to Schagen west and by north distant about 15 or 16 leagues From Nileus to Schaghen west 15 leagues From Masterland to Lezou southwest and southwest and by south 13 or 14 leagues From Masterland to Schagen westsouthwest 12 leagues And how the most part of the places and havens of Norwaie are distant from Schagen it is alreadie set downe in the third Chapter and also in the Chapter ensewing Here followeth the Carde N. 30. Eÿgentlÿcke beschryvinghe der Zeecusten van Noor weghen tusschen der Neus en̄ de Pater-nosters met alle havens daer tusschen beÿden geleghen daer beneffens de Custe van Jutlandt vande Holms aff tot om Schaghen hoemē die bescÿlen en̄ hem voor alle periculen hoeden sal Naifve description des Costes marines de Norvege entre le Cape der Neuse et les Paternostres avecq tous les Ports de mer la entredeux situez Ensemble la coste de Juthlan de des Holmes jusques au de la Schaghen et comment on les navigera et evitera tous inconvenients et dangiers CHAPTER XI A DESCRIPTION OF the Coasts of Norwaie lying betweene Masterland and the Neus I. The situation betweene the Paternosters and the Iland Farder BEhinde the Paternosters as I shewed in the Chapter before there goeth a broad River into the land whereon the round hill of Britto lyeth Britto hill which is a hill verie well to be knowne when it is eastnortheast from you then you are right before Masterland North upward from this River lyeth Kerckesond a great River which reacheth far into the land Kerckesond Harmensond Harmenshooft Three leagues north from Kerckesond lyeth Harmensond by it there lyeth an Iland called Harmenshooft Harmenshooft and the west ende of the Paternosters lye di-distant north and by west and south and by east five leagues Boochscharre From Harmenshooft to Suyderwicxholme the course is northnorthwest four or five leagues betweene them both lyeth Boochscharre Suyderwicholme Suyderwicxholme Noderwixholme are two great Ilands which lye upon a great River which runneth up farre into the land whereon manie townes lye which are also farre up in the land as Oldborch Oldwat Aleroes and Dragens from whence much fatte wares come Ottrom North from thence lyeth Ottrom which also is a great River or Creeke reaching into the land Akersond West from Ottrom lyeth the Iland of Akersond which you may sayle round about The Iland of Akersond lyeth from Zuyderwicxholme northwest and by west five leagues Schip hill By Akersond north from Ottrom lyeth Schiphill it is a haven where men lade sparres and other fatte wares The Sisters From Akersond to the Sisters
it is west and by north four leagues betweene them both lyeth Graswick When you saile into it then you leave the sharpe point on baghborde Graswick and within there lyeth a round rock there is good anckor ground you may goe about on both sides of this rock North from this rock there lyeth a great Creeke where shippes lye in for the winde and within also there lyeth a round rock runne along by the west side which first reacheth in north and about the Iland northnorthwest leave the Iland on starreborde and then goe in northnorthwest by the west side Behinde the Sisters lyeth Elsange Elsange when you come from Farder then you runne through within the rockes which lye within the Sisters till you be against the land then you see a great graye rock which you must leave on baghborde and the small rockes that lye there within on starborde then goe about by the west side of the land and then you shall see the haven open which is narrowe but within it is flatte water and soft ground North from Elsanghe lyeth the point of Roge Roge. at the east ende of Roge you may anckor there it is a smooth strand and you may goe through betweene Roge and the Calf But if you will be under Fleto then goe through betweene the two small rockes The point of Roge lyeth distant from the Iland Farder northnortheast five leagues From the Sisters to the Iland Bast it is northwest five leagues Bast But Farder and Bast are distant north and by west and south by east also five leagues From Bast to the Soenwater it is north and by east northnortheast four leagues betweene them both lyeth a foule point Markenboet Asko Lousond Soenwater and south from Bast lyeth Markenboet and south from it lyeth Asko which is a creeke and north from Asko lyeth Lousond From Farder to Soenwater it is north When you sayle from Farder or Bast to Soenwater there lyeth a redde point betweene Soenwater and Coperwick but if you will put into Coperwick you must turne up westward Coperwick when you are within the Lammeren there standeth a church on the west land there is the lading place you may sayle further upward to Brakenesse Holmson and on the north side Holmsond lyeth Soenwater reacheth in for the most part north upon it there lye manie havens and lading places Mossond most on the right side as you come in first Mossond which goeth up eastward Wickste Schiphil then Wickste behinde an Iland it is a creeke then Schiphill which also is a Sand-baye but it is a good rode It goeth up northward to Anslo Ansloe then it runneth southward into the Bodem Upon the coast betweene Masterland and Farder it is all over for the most part good ancker ground at five-and-thirtie and fortie fathome Thus the Land of Northeast sheweth it self betweene Masterland and Zuyderwicxholme being four leagues from it as you sayle along by it Distlebergh Langhebergh Britto II. The situation betweene Farder and Langhesond VVest from the Iland of Farder there lyeth a towne in a great Creeke called Tonsberghen Tonsberghen From Farder to Larwick the course is westsouthwest four leagues Larwick is a great broad River wherein there are manie lading places and Creekes Larwick where you may ancker From the east point of Larewick there runneth a rowe of rocks which reach southeast and by south a good waie into the Sea which you must shunne for they runne almost over half the Creeke the rockes are called the Larewicsche Swynen within it it is flatte shallowe water so that farre there within it no great ships can lye aflote the havens of Larewick are all firrwood havens Stavange On the west side of Larewick Stavange lyeth which are rockes there you may sayle in on both sides A league west from Stavange lyeth the Nesse which is the east point of Langesond From Farder to Langesond it is westsouthwest eight leagues Langesond Langesond is one of the fairest havens of all Norwaie before old Langesond there lyeth a high round rock whereon there standeth a great round mast or beacon to knowe Langesond by Conincxhaven or the River of Langesond goeth northnorthwest in by a rough rugged point Conincxhaven and then you goe in east from the Baerse Baerse which lyeth off from the aforesaid rugged point within that haven it is thirtie fathome deepe when you sayle in keepe in the middle of the water and ancker in Conincx-haven at eight-and-twentie or thirtie fathome If you will goe into the Nesse The Nesse then sayle betweene the great rock whereon the mast standeth and the land of Old Langesond leaving the said rock on starreborde and sayle so about the rugged point into the Nesse The Nesse lyeth behinde a Cingle strand you lye under a rowe of Rockes like redde sand there lye some small rockes against this Cingle there it is wide and broade Strand like a girdle and a good haven to come into there it is four-and-twentie and five-and-twentie fathome deepe Thus the land east from Langesond sheweth being five leagues from you when you come out of the west III. The situation of the Havens and Rivers betweene Langesond and Maerdou FRom Langesond to Iofferland the course is southsouthwest a great league IofferlaÌ„d Aberfort betweene them both lyeth Abbefoert and Ostkiel and east from the out-rock of Iofferland you may goe into the two havens Ostkiel From the northerlyest rockes of Iofferland to Abbefort the course is northnorthwest and north-and by west a league and to Ostkiel is the course also northwest a league When you come out of the south you may goe within Iofferland through to Ostkiel or Abbefoert you may also anckâ—r behinde Iofferland at fiveteene and twentie fathome West from Iofferland there lye Westkiel Santfort and Longen If you will goe into Westkiel Westkiel you must leave all the great rockes which lye off from Iofferland on starborde and so sayle upon the west ende of the haven leaving all the small rockes of Santfort on baghborde and sayle in northnorthwest till you be about the west point then turne up northwest On the north side of the Ilands which lye within the haven there is a ditch or falling water where you may ancker at twentie or five-and-twentie fathome Santfort Santfort lyeth a league west from Westkiel if you will sayle into Sandfort leave all the small rockes on starborde and so goe along by the land till you be within the Longholmes which remaine on baghborde goe right into the Wike This is a faire haven and you may goe from the east into it A banck by Santfort Against Santfort there lyeth a banck into the Sea which in some places is no deeper then three or four fathome and it endeth at Westkiel Longhen A great league west from Sandvort lyeth Longhen there lyeth a round
small peece of land there dwell manie fishermen and there is a great fishing Against Boede lye the Stopples and there betweene them both it is about half a league wide Stopples when you goe through betweene them then you runne along by Boede Beresond Beresond lyeth about three leagues west from Stopples All these Ilands betweene Boede and Flowach are under Zuydmer Leen Thus the Iland of Stadt and thus the point of Stadt sheweth when it lyeth southsoutheast from you eight leagues When Geske lyeth about four leagues east from you then the land betweene Geske and Stadt sheweth thus and then Stadt lyeth southsoutheast from you This belongeth to the former for it is the land to the point of Stadt Thus the Iland Sandowe sheweth when it is east from you Thus the Iland Luycko sheweth when it is east and by north from you III. How you shall sayle from Boede along the Liet to Dronten FRom Boede to Witholme the course is northeast five leagues Witholme Stemmesnes betwene them both lyeth Stemmesnes or Heynst and there against it to Seaward lye four or five Holmes or rockes you may runne in betwixt them close along by the point of Stemmesnes About half a league southsoutheast from Witholme lyeth the point of Smeerholme and betweene them both the Liet of Dronten goeth in east and east and by north till you come before Normer which as you sayle up lyeth on the left hand Smeerholme Normer and the Ilands of Avero lye on the right hand From Normer the Liet reacheth to the church of Ief baye along by the East Poster northeast sixteene leagues From thence the Liet reacheth upwards to Dronten before the towne eastsoutheast and east and by south betweene them both there lyeth a point called Dreckort or Drontenort Drontenort Oster Poster Hamersond Iorianwagh The East Poster is a high land which in sayling up you leave on starborde North from the East Poster there lyeth a haven called Hamersond there are manie good Deales Right south from Hamersond lyeth Iorianwagh which is a faire river and there also they sawe faire Deales There lye three Holmes or Ilands before the haven but there you may sayle through in all places without feare Iuret South from Iorianwagh there lye two great creekes or rivers called Iuret where you may also fetch great mastes and deales there lye two Ilands before them and you may runne through betweene them both Averosond Or if you will goe into Averosond comming from the East Poster then you may goe north about them there the land reacheth northeast and southwest Anwick Torwick Right south from the creeke of Ioret there lyeth a great broad river called Anwick there are two or three Sawes to sawe Deales as Anwick and Torwick which rivers or Currants are the places whereon the sawes are placed these reach in most southeast and on the north side of the haven there standeth a church The Iland of Grip lyeth about four leagues without the land Grip Iland betweene Witholme and Grip the Gripsond reacheth in eastnortheast you may goe through within the fishermens Weert Gripsond and then you may see the high land of East Poster lye before you you goe in upon it till you be in the Liet of Dronten and from Grip to East Poster it reacheth most eastnortheast then you come betweene two lands and from that place it is Pilots water to bring you up to Dronten then forward it reacheth to Dronten first northeast and then eastsoutheast to the towne as I said before South from Grip there are divers chanels by the which you come up to the Liet as also north from Grip but southward are the best for northward it is daungerous to come into the land Thus the land betweene Grip and Geske sheweth when the north point lyeth east and by south seven leagues from you This belongeth to that before and is to be joyned by the Crosses being the rest of the land that followeth along to Geske Thus the point of Stemmesnes or Heynst sheweth Heere followeth the Carde N. 33. Pascaarte vant Noordersche deel van NoorwegeÌ„ van Dronten aff tot om de Noortcaap toe met alle de eÿlanden aende selfde custen geleghen alles gestell op zÿne rechte streckinghen enÌ„ behoorlÿcke distantien Carte marine de la partie plus Septentrionale de Norwege de Dronten jusquos au dela du Nortcap avecq toutes les isles situeez a icelle coste le tout mis selon ses vraijes routes et exactes distances IIII. The situation betweene Dronten or the Iland of Grip and the North Cape or point FRom the Iland Grip to Nomendaelfch Ilands Nomendaelâ—â—h Ilands the course is northeast nineteene leagues but from Grip to the Iland Rust Rust the course is north and north and by east four-and-sixtie leagues betweene them both besides Nomendaelfch Ilands there lye the Ilands of Heyligheland Holâ— land and Tranooch Trâ—â—â—och Rust and Tranooch are distant thirteene leagues From Rust to Loffort Loâ—â— rt it is northnortheast three-and-thirtie leagues But from Rust to Wero Werâ— it is northeast and by north nine leagues Betweene them both lyeth Maelstrome which you can not goe through when the tyde runneth but at still water you may well goe through it Loffort lyeth north from Wero there you may also goe through betweene them and ancker under the west ende of Loffort You may sayle through from Loffort betweene the Ilands and the firme land along to the North Cape Betweene Westerhol Westerhol Sanien Sanien Tromsondt Tromsond and Ingen Ingen. you may goe in also seeke Rode but without you may not come to neare those Ilands for in some places there lye rockes reaching out from them more then a league into the Sea you may also goe through betweene Surroy and Loppen or the North Cape and come out againe in Keelwick Under the Iland it is a verie good Rode before the Fishermens village Keelwick Keelwick is a place lying in the Creeke betweene the North Cape and the North Kyne About seven-and-thirtie leagues west from the North cape reacheth the Coast along the Ilands west and west and by south Thus the east ende of Westerhol sheweth when you sayle by it and are about seven leagues from it Thus the Iland of Sanien sheweth when the east ende that is the two high hilles are southeast and by south and the point with the clift south and by west from you four leagues But when the two high hilles upon the east ende are south from you then they are right one against the other This following is the rest of the land of Sanien and joyneth with that before by the Crosses Thus the west point of Angenes sheweth when it is east from you Thus the Iland of Angenes sheweth when the two hilles here under are south and by west from you This belongeth to that which went before being
the rest of the land of Angenes which must be joyned together by the Crosses Thus the Iland of Langhenes sheweth when it lyeth four leagues east from you Thus the Iland of Suroy sheweth when you sayle along by it and are five leagues from it Thus the Iland of Ingen sheweth when it lyeth four leagues eastsoutheast from you it is the third Iland west from the North Cape Thus the Iland Helmsey sheweth being about south or somewhat westerlyer three leagues from you it is the second Iland west from the North Cape When Helmsey is five leagues south and south and by west from you it sheweth thus When Helmsey is seven leagues southwest from you it sheweth thus Thus Stappen sheweth four or five leagues southsouthwest from you it is the nearest I le west from the North Cape Thus the Iland Stappen sheweth when it is sixe or seven leagues southwest from you Thus the east ende of Stappen sheweth when you sayle aloâ—g by it When the North Cape is southeast and the Mother with the Daughters southsoutheast from you then it sheweth thus The Mother with the Daughters Thus the North Cape sheweth when you sayle about three leagues from the land along by it you may see the Mother above the land when you sayle along close by the land Thus the North Cape sheweth when the Mother with the Daughters are southsouthwest four leagues from you then the North Kyne is about southsoutheast from you North Kyne The Mother with the Daughters When the North Cape lyeth west and by north from you then it sheweth thus and then you are three or four leagues without North Kyne Thus the North Cape sheweth when the points lye from you as they are marked heereunder and then you may see the Mother from the hatches just above the water Southwest and by south Southwest southwest and by west Mother Thus North Kyne sheweth being eight or nine leagues southsoutheast from you and then the North Cape lyeth tenne or eleven leagues from you V. Of the tydes and running of the streames in these places BEtweene Stadt and Berghen the water ebbes and flowes but holdes no certaine tyde Betweene Stadt Luycksond and Boede a southsouthwest moone maketh full Sea Within Aveiro in Anwick and before Dronten a south and north moone maketh full Sea and the same Tyde runneth to Boede On the North Cape a southsouthwest and northnortheast moone maketh high water West from the North Cape the streames come out of the northwest and westnorthwest and so fall along by Finmarke to the North cape VI. How these Countreys are distant from each other FRom Ielteford or the Waghe of Berghen to the rockes of Wtweer n. n. w. and n. and by w. 11 or 12 leagues From Wtweer rockes to Olde northnorthwest and north and by west 12 or 13 leagues From Olde to Kyne northnortheast and north and by east 5 leagues From Kyne to Stadt n. n. e. and n. and by e. 8 leagues From Stadt to Flowach northeast 7 leagues From Stadt to Geske northeast and by north 11 or 12 leagues How you shall sayle from Geske and Flowach through within the Ilands is shewed before sufficiently in the description From Geske to Gounske northeast and by east and somewhat northerlyer 8 or 9 leagues From Gounske to Boede eastnortheast 8 leagues From Beersond to the Stopples eastnortheast 3 leagues From the Stopples to Heynst or Stemmesnes northeast and northeast and by north 4 leagues It is alreadie at large declared how you shall sayle along from Stemmesnes and Witholme to Dronten along in the Liet From Stemmesnes to Grip northeast and by north 5 leagues From Grip to the Ilands of Nomendale northeast 19 leagues From Grip to Heiligheland n. e. and by n. 26 leagues From Grip to Rust north and north and by east 64 leagues From Rust to Lofford northnortheast 33 leagues From Loffort to Sanien northeast 37 leagues From Loffort to Tromsond northeast 50 leagues From Sanien to Suroy northeast and by east 43 leagues From Tromsond to Suroy eastnortheast 24 leagues From Suroy to the North cape e. by n. 24 or 26 leagues From the Iland Inghen to Helmsey it is westsouthwest Where east from it lyeth the Iland Stappen and from Stappen to the North Cape it is east 6 or 7 leagues From the North Cape to the North Kyne it is east by south 13 leagues VII How these Places are distant from other Countreys FRom Stadt to the north ende of Hitland the course is west south-southwest 69 leagues From Stadt to the east point of Island westnorthwest 200 leagues From Stadt to the right Greenland about n. w. 333 leagues Men were wonte to goe thither eastward about Island but that waie is altogether spoyled and utterly decayed but now within these fewe yeeres the King of Denmarke hath given commandement to his Subjects to sayle to Greenland and to discover the same From Grip to the north ende of Hitland south-southwest and by west 125 leagues From Grip to the south ende of Fero w. s w. 167 leagues From Grip to the east point of Island west and west and by north 233 leagues VIII Vnder what degrees these Lands lye THe Wtweer rockes lye under 61 degrees The Iland Kyne lyeth under 61 degrees 30 minutes Stadt lyeth under 62 degrees The Iland Geske lyeth under 62 degrees 30 minutes Luyckesond lyeth under 62 degrees 40 minutes The Stopples and Boede lye under 63 degrees 28 minutes The Ilands Avero Smeerholme and Witholme lye under 63 degrees 44 minutes The Iland Grip lyeth under 64 degrees The towne of Dronten lyeth under 64 degrees 30 minutes Maelstrome lyeth under 68 degrees The Iland Sanien lyeth under 70 degrees The North Cape lyeth under 71 degrees 30 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 34. CHAPTER XIIII THE DESCRIPTION OF the Sea-coasts of Lapland from the North Cape to the Mouth of the White Sea I. The situation betweene the North Cape and Kilduyn FRom the North Cape to the North Kyne North Kyne the couâ—se is east and by south thirteene leagues and from the North Kyne to Tannebay or Matcorf the course is eastsoutheast eleven or twelve leagues Tannebay Tannebay is a great broad River which within devideth it self in two partes and in some Creekes there stand some fishermens houses From Matcorf or the point of Tannebaye to Warhouse the course is southeast and somewhat southerlyer fourteene or sixteene leagues Betweene them both there lyeth much flatte high land about half waie betweene them both but nearest to Warhouse upon the high land there lyeth a high hillock like to a land house or a litle castle which is verie well to be knowne when you are by it close by the land it sheweth as if that against it there were a great river which you might sayle into If you will sayle into Warhouse Warhouse comming southward you may sayle in without doubt betweene the Iland and the firme land for there it is deepe ynough in everie place
the yce When you are through the Stone-reach then the course is first southeast and then southeast and by south into the bought then goe eastsoutheast and keepe along by the west side till you see the towne of Archangel Archangel then sayle right to it but shunne the point on baghborde for that is foule To sayle further up the river from Archangel to Colmogro it is about twelve or thirteene leagues To sayle to Colmogro most southeast crooking about according to the stretching of the crookings of the River From the haven of Podessemsche or from the River of Archangel to the Rode of S. Nicholas it is four leagues there standeth a beacon upon the ende of the Iland whereon the English house standeth and west from that beacon is the Rode for the English shippes at sixe or seven fathome as you lye neare or farre from the land The English river English River reacheth in eastnortheast and northeast and by east along by the closter of S. Nicolas but it is a drie River so that no shippes may goe into it but you must lade your shippes with lighters or boates About southwest and southwest and by west from the mouth of the River of Archangel there lyeth a Salt-Iland Salt Iland whereon there standeth a closter it is fast to the firme land From thence to Cape de Onega Cape de Onega the land reacheth west and by north III. The situation of the Coast of Russia betweene Cape de Candenoes and Nova Zembla CApe de Candenoes Cape de Candenoes and Orloghones lye distant northeast and southwest seven-and-fortie leagues this point of Candenoes is a place well to be knowne upon it there stand five Crosses for markes and when you fall upon it you may perfectly perceive that the land falleth on the one side southwest to the white Sea and southeast to the other side About thirteene leagues east from Cape de Candenoes there lyeth an Iland called Morsonowits Morsonowits and east there goeth a great creeke into the land but it is verie flatte water with manie shallowes and dwalegrounds Eere now it hapened that some ships sayled intâ— this place thinking that they sayled into the mouth of the white Sea knewe not where they were for it is almost one heigth stretching with the white Sea but it is easily to be knowne and discerned by the land for the Coast of Russia east from Candenoes is altogether downie lands and flat strand but the Coast of Lapland is high and hillie Within this River there runneth up a River through the land which you may goe through with Lodges into the White Sea Against this creeke about six-and-twentie leagues east and east and by south from Candenoes lyeth the Iland of Colgoia Colgoia which is thirteene leagues long you may sayle round about it but on the south side there goeth a great Sand or shelf along by the land when you come out of the east you must shunne it for it is fast to the west ende of the Iland Upon this Iland there are a great number of Geese which in Somer are all cleane naked without anie fethers they sitte and hatch upon one egge which lyeth under them and so breede their young ones and are so great a number there that the Russians goe there on land with their Lodges and laye a deale or board upon the land and drive the geese with staves in so great number into their Iachts and Lodges that they salt great number of them in barrels From Candenoes to the Iland Tussara Tussara it is eastsoutheast three-and-fortie leagues Betweene them both the Creeke aforesaid goeth in West from Tussara lyeth the point of Swelgenoes Swelgenoes From Tussara to the River of Colcova Colcova the course is east seveÌ„ leagues it is a good River being twelve foot deepe but there is no other trade there but that the Russians come thither from Colmogro and S. Nicolas with Lodges to traffique there and to barter their wares for skinnes and other wares Seven leagues east from the River of Colcova lyeth the river of Pitsana Pitsana in it there is but sixe foot water it is an unknowne place but right west from it there lyeth a Sand which you must shunne for Oliver Brunel in his voyage to Nova Zembla fell on ground upon it About thirteene leagues east from Pitsana lyeth the River of Pitsora Pitsora which reacheth in by the east point southsoutheast it is twelve foot deepe there the land is lowe and downie and on the west side there standeth a Packhouse with some Crosses when you are within the River then you turne up westward to the Packhouse and there you must ancker at three and four fathome for there is a great Haf or Inland-water you must shuÌ„ne the east side of the River for it is full of Sands and Bankes The towne of Pitsora lyeth about six-and-twentie dutch myles into the Land and there is great abundance of Skinnes and Cristal Betweene Pitsora and Waygates lyeth Oltgin Oltgin and without upon the land there lye two rockes or â—ands the one called Orangien â—raâ—gâ—a the other Grave Maurits Graâ—l Mourits there you may ancker under them at sixe or seven fathome from the southerlyest there commeth a Sand shooting off but you may well sound it at three fathome East and west from these two Ilands there is a great Creeke it is flatte water there the land runneth round about to the point of Pitsora altogether in one Creeke from Pitsora to Waygates and it is from Pitsora to Waygates northeast and northeast and by east two-and-thirtie leagues IIII. The situation of Waygates and Nova Zembla VVaygates Waygates which also is called the Strait of Nossowe is a Strait which you may sayle through into the Tartarian Sea which first reacheth about east and then northeast till you be through it about eight or nine leagues about the middle thereof there lyeth an Iland which you may sayle about on both sides A litle within the point on the north side there lyeth a faire Baye Traâ—nbâ—y which you may sayle into as deepe as you will at five four and three fathome good ancker grounâ— along by the east side it is deepe water and there you lye â—aâ—e from all kinde of windes and currants of yce This Strait or narrowe passage hath been twice sought to finde a waie to goe north about Tartaria to the rich Kingdomes of China and Cathaya and so to the Molucques but it was all in vaine because of the great yce which all the yeere long stayeth there and can never melt by meanes of the continuall colde From the east ende of the Strait of Waygates to the Creeke of Oby Oby it is eastsoutheast southeast by east fortie leagues There eastward the land reacheth forth northeast fortie leagues more to the two northerly rivers then reacheth
altogether high shoring land but on the north side there are manie havens whereinto you may sayle and laye shippes at ancker as Somsond or Hest Hofwick Vroby Quaelby or Rane which are all wide rivers or havens A husbandman or Pilot will bring you into them all whensoever you will or neede From the northwest ende of Suydro to Mogghenesholme Mogghenesholme the westerlyest or uttermost Iland of Fero the course is northwest and by north and northnorthwest about eight or nine leagues At the east ende of Mogghenesholme lyeth Mogghenes and east from it lyeth the Iland Wage Wage East from Wage there runneth a faire river out of the southeast from the Iland Sando about Hesten and the Iland Kolster for you may goe about on both sides of these Ilands and leave the great Iland Stromo on the east side and so come into Waghe In the middle of the river or haven of Waghe there goeth a faire haven eastward up into the great Iland of Stromo therein you may ancker at tēne or twelve fathome but the haven is at least twentie fathome deepe Mogghenes and the northeast ende of Fero lye distant eastnortheast or a litle northerlyer and westsouthwest about sixteene leagues Betweene them both there lye tenne Ilands and betweene each Iland there is a faire deepe chanel or river wherof the fourth from Mogghenes is called Somsond Somsond all these chanels reach most northnorthwest and southsoutheast through the land and upon all those Ilands there stand churches except it be Ostra which never the lesse is a great Iland From the southeast ende of Suydro to Schalhooft or the southeast ende of the Iland Sando the course is north and by west about five leagues Betweene Suydro and Sando there lye the Ilands of Luttledymen Stoerdymen Schavo and Dalsfles From Schalhooft till you be within the Iland Mulso lying before Stromo the course is north and by west four leagues there you may ancker in everie place when you will at twentie thirtie or fortie fathome If you come out of the Sea and desire to finde a good rode under the Ilands of Fero you must hold the middlemost great Iland named Stromo northwest and northwest by west from you then in the middle of the Iland Stromo you shall see a high steepe hill called Schellinck Schellinck which you must sayle up unto then you shall come to the Iland Mulso aforesaid which is a lowe Iland which you may goe about on both sides but it is best to goe into it on the south ende and under this Iland it is all over good ancker ground Right over against this Iland on the great Iland lyeth Torshaven Torshaven the principall haven of Fero where all their trade of merchandise is used Eijgentlijcke afbeeldinghe vande Eijlanden Hitlandt anders Scotlandt Fulo en̄ Faijerhil naer hare rechte gelegentheijt ontworpen Vive pourtraicture des Jsles Hitlande autrement dict Schetlande Fulo et Feril selon leurs vraijes situations Carte marine des Jsles de Fero ou Farre montrant au vif la situation merveilleuse et entrervmpue desdictes Isles et tout ce qu' il ÿ a en les navigeant a eviter Pascaarte vande Eijlanden van Fero ofte Farre vertoonende nae't leven de wōderlijcke gebroockenheijt ende gestalte der selver en watmen in 't beseijlen vandien aldaer te schouwē heeft If you desire to sayle from Mulso into Somsond Somsond you must goe northeast and by north three leagues to the point of Bordenes then from Bordenes northeast then you shall see a church upon the Iland of Calso which you must leave on starborde goe in westnorthwest till you be in the bought of the Iland Ostro and there ancker at seventeene or eighteene fathome These Ilands of Fero lye in a Triangle forme from the southeast ende of Suydro to Fulo or the north ende of Fero it is northnortheast and southsouthwest one-and-twentie leagues II. The situation of Hitland THe south-southwest coast of Hitland that is from the southerlyest point to the northwest point reacheth northwest by north seven or eight leagues On the same northwest side right over against the Iland Fulo there lyeth a sandie Baye where you may ancker but on the east side of that Baye it is altogether foule From the northwest west point to the north ende the land of Hitland reacheth northeast and south-southwest about eighteene or nineteene leagues Three leagues north from the aforesaid west point lyeth the haven of S. Magnus S. Magnus haven which is a wide river and there is good ancker ground within it within it is sixteene or seventeene fathome deepe as you are farre within the land On the north side there lyeth a high rock from which you must goe in south and on the south side there lye two or three rockes which you must leave on starborde when you will sayle in Right east about the southeast point of Hitland there lyeth a faire sandie Baye where you may ancker at twelve or thirteene fathome and from thence to Hanglip Hanglip the course is northeast and somewhat easterlyer tenne or eleven leagues Betweene Hanglip and the south point there lyeth an Iland which you may sayle about on both sides and behinde it lyeth Hamburgher haven Hamburgher havē or the Scotish haven it is a lading place for the Hamburghers and Scottes it is also called Bremer haven There lyeth also a high steepe point south from Hanglip which you must goe by into the Breesond Breesond which is the principal haven of all Hitland for it is deepe and hath faire ground and there you lye safe against all windes North from Hanglip the land of Hitland reacheth north north and by east and northnortheast and lastly north and in some places you may sayle through Hitland specially north from Hanglip where there goeth a river northwest through it and it is a faire wide river and there in some places it is good ancker ground for such as knowe it and are forced to seeke it Frō Hanglip to the northeast point of Hitland it is northnortheast eleven leagues there lye some out-rocks which are called the Out-scheren From thence to the north point of Hitland it is north about four leagues Right about the north point there is a faire haven which runneth in southsouthwest which is all sandie ground On the west side there lyeth a long rock you must sayle in by it on the east side and ancker right within the haven it is all faire and good rode within it This haven is called Blomesond Blomesond and goeth in right west from the northeast point and first as I said reacheth in southsouthwest then south and south and by east on both sides it is good ancker ground you may there sayle cleane through and come through Iellesond into the Sea againe about the Iland Fetlo Thus Hitland sheweth when it is northwest and by west about four leagues from you
Thus Hitland sheweth between Hanglip and Hamburgher haven Bremerhaven Point of Breesond Hanglip Five leagues north from Hanglip the land sheweth thus when you are about a league from it and there Hitland runneth into a great bought with manie Ilands Thus Hanglip sheweth when it is northwest from you eight leagues When the north ende of Hitland is southeast and by east from you then it sheweth thus III. The situation of the Ilands Fayrhil and Fulo THe Iland of Fayrhil Fayrhil lyeth from the south ende of Hitland southsouthwest seven or eight leagues Fulo and Fayrhil lye distant northwest and by north and southeast and by south eleven leagues But Fulo Fulo lyeth about west and by north four leagues from the aforesaid south point of Hitland The south point of Hitland lyeth betweene Fulo and Fayrhil On the west side of Fayrhil in some places it is foule ground but on the southeast side it is good ancker ground where you may lye at rode Fayrhil and the east point of Orcanes lye distant from each other southwest and northeast When Fayrhil is west and by south four leagues from you it sheweth thus When Fayrhil is southeast and southeast and by east three or four leagues from you it sheweth thus Thus Fayrhil sheweth when it is five leagues southwest and by west from you When Fulo lyeth northnâ—rtheast from you four leagues it sheweth thus Thus the Iland Fulo sheweth when it lyeth northwest from you and then you may see it out of the top of the mast Thus Fulo sheweth when it lyeth five leagues eastnortheast from you IIII. Of the Tydes and running of the streames about these Ilands IN the Ilands of Fero a north and south moone maketh high water Under the Ilands of Fero there runneth a hard streame which commeth out of the west and westnorthwest and from the east and eastsoutheast and so falles through the Ilands so that you must there look unto it and reckon your Tydes well when you will sayle from one Iland to another for there the streame drives hard and there are two principal welles or Mael-streames Mael-streames the one on the southende of Suydro and the other a league within Schalhooft or Qualenes But although the streames runne so stifly through these Iles yet it floweth there hardly four foot In Hitland within the Rivers and havens a southsouthwest northnortheast moone maketh high water The streames there goe east and west about specially on the south and north endes of Hitland and so fall crosse through the rivers and havens V. How tbese Countreys are distant from each other and also from other Countreys FRom the north ende of Hitland to the south ende of Fero the course is west and west and by north 59 leagues From the south ende of Hitland to Fero it is westnorthwest northwest and by west 61 leagues Fâ—om the south ende of Hitland to the Iland Rona westsouthwest 47 leagues From the north ende of Hitland to the rockes of Rocol westsouthwest 127 or 128 leagues From the south ende of Fero to Rona s and by e. 45 or 46 leag From the south ende of Fero to Rocol south-southwest somewhat westerlyer 81 leagues From the Iland Fayrhil to the northeast ende of Orcanes south-southwest 10 or 11 leagues The Iland Fayrhil lyeth from the south ende of Hitland southsouthwest and south and by west 7 or 8 leagues From Hitland to the east point of Ysland northwest by west about 133 leagues In the thirteenth Chapter it is sufficiently shewed how these Ilands lye distant from the havens and Ilands of Norwaie both in breadth and length VI. Vnder what heigth these Countreys lye THe north ende of Fero lyeth under 62 degr 10 minutes The south ende of Fero lyeth under 61 deg 15 minutes The north ende of Hitland lyeth under 60 degr 45 min. The south ende of Hitland lyeth under 59 degrees 48 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 38. CHAPTER XVII A DESCRIPTION OF the Ilands lying behinde the Northwest point of Scotland I. The situation and names of the said Ilands WEst from Scotland and north from Ireland there lye manie Ilands whereof I will heere describe some in such manner as they are knowne at this day The names of the principall Ilands Names of the Ilands lying there are these Aren Ila Iona Mulla Bragedul Hun Iust Leeus S. Patricius S. Maria S. Colane S. Petous Epth and S. Kilda these are the greatest and principalest There are also some small Ilands as Rona Cheut Trauta Fladde Grand Melul Petit Melul Scalpan Cannay Rum Egghe Mule Cutte Carndenburgh Gronsay S. Karbo Lismont Swinoy Machare Gegay Caray and Naversay All these Ilands lye about belong to Scotland are those which by the Cosmographers are called Insulae Hebrides The Iland Barre or Rona Barre or Rona is the northerlyest Iland behinde Scotland it lyeth distant from Fulo about westsouthwest eight-and-thirtie or nine-and-thirtie leagues it lyeth by two other small Ilands more then a league each from other The Ilands of Leeus are distant from Rona southwest sixteene or seventeene leagues and from the north ende of Leeus to S. Kilda S. Kilda it is south-southwest and by west sixteene leagues Upon the east side of S. Kilda there is a good rode for a west and northwest winde this Iland lyeth by the other Ilands whereof two are not verie great on that which lyeth west you may see some houses standing and those small Ilands lye eleven leagues distant west from the great Iland of Leeus Upon the coast of Leeus there lye two faire great rockes as if they were Ilands they lye south and north and somewhat easterlyer and westerlyer from each other about seven or eight leagues The southerlyest lye by three Ilands but the northerlyest lye by eight small Ilands or rockes You must understand that the Iland of Leeus Leeus is divided into manie peeces through the which you may sayle to manie places Leeus with his Ilands reacheth southsouthwest and south and by west about 29 leagues But on the east side there is a great River or haven through of sixe or seven leagues You must sayle into it close by the Iland of Leeus about s s w. till you be before the Iland of Cheut From thence the river betweene the great Iland Bâ—agadul Leeus reacheth through south and south by west to the west ende of Leeus which is called the Epths Epths. and then you leave Mulla and Ila with manie other Ilands on the left hand Iona Ila Mulla and Bragedul Iona Ila Mulla Bragedul are four of the greatest Ilands that lye on the west coast of Scotland they lye close by the firme land but there are manie havens and rivers so that you may sayle in and round about them all Upon the northwest point of Ireland there lye also some Ilands which also you may sayle through and round about Betweene Rona and Orcanesse there lye also Ilands which
may also be sayled into and round about Whosoever travileth into these parts may help himself with that description which we have heere made till such time as we can gette further and fuller knowledge of them He that falleth upon anie of these Ilands must looke well to him self for the most part of them are inhabited by wilde and cruell men In Leeus and the Ilands there abou ts a southwest and northeast moone maketh high water The like also without the north-point of Scotland Thus S. Kilda sheweth when it is northnortheast 4 leagues from you then the rockes lye west When S. Kilda is about five leagues s w. froÌ„ you then it openeth thus When the Iland of Leeus lyeth â—ight leagues from you it sheweth thus and then you are within S. Kilda This Iland lyeth also upon the coast of Leeus Pascaarte verthoonende in wat ghestalte de Eylanden Hebrides ghenaemt achter de noordwesthoek van Schotlandt gheleghen zÿn Carte marine de les Isles Hebrides situez vers norouest arriere l'Escosse Thus the Iland Barro or Rona sheweth when it is 4 leagues southsoutheast from you This Iland lyeth westsouthwest from Scotland Withert This Iland lyeth on the northwest point of Scotland towards Locherme II. How these Ilands are distant from each other and from other Lands FRom Rona to Leeus south-southwest 16 leagues From the north ende of Leus to S. Kilda s w. 16 leagues From the south ende of Leeus to the northwest point of Ireland southsouthwest about 27 leagues From S. Kilda to the north ende of Hitland northeast and by east 70 leagues III. Vnder what degrees these Ilands lye THe Iland of Rona lyeth under 58 degrees 46 minutes The north ende of Leeus lyeth under 58 degrees 18 min. The rock Rokol lyeth under 58 degrees 20 minutes The northwest point of Scotland lyeth under 58 deg 30 min. Heere followeth the Carde N. 39. CHAPTER XVIII THE DESCRIPTION OF the Ilands of Orcanesse or Orcades with the Sea-coasts of Scotland I. Of the Ilands of Orcanesse THe Iland Fayrhil and the northeast ende of Orcanes The north 〈◊〉 point of Orcanesse lye distant south-southwest and northeast tenne or eleven leagues This northeast point is a high hil whereby there are manie points and Creeks when you come out of the south and are about it then the land falleth downward towards the west and you may goe there in everie where Betweene Rona and Orcanes you shall finde an Iland or two under the which you may make a rode The Ilands of Orcanes are one-and-thirtie in number The Iland Ways or Elhoy Waâ—s or Elhoy lyeth nearest to Scotland five leagues westward about the point of Catenes About northnortheast from the point Catenes there lye two Ilands which are called Pits and Pichlandskarres Pits and Pichlandskarres you may there goe through betweene Ilhoy and Scotland towards the west North from thence lyeth an Iland called Heynda Heynda and another Iland called Platta Platta North from Platta lyeth Mayland or Ponoma Ponoma On the north side of this great Iland lye all the havens where the shippes enter into On the east side of this great Iland there lyeth another Iland called Kabunsa north from it on the northeast point of that great Iland there lyeth another Iland when you will lye in the haven thereof you must goe in there you may goe through there to Papewester Papewestâ—r and leave Sanda on starborde Close by Papewester lyeth Fara â—ara south from it lyeth Sirza East from Sirza and Fara there lye two Ilands in the middle of all the Ilands called Eeda and Chapuoza Sanda Sanda lyeth north from all these Ilands Papa Pâ—pâ— and Stronsa Stâ—â—â—sa lye south from Sanda East from Stronsa lyeth an Iland called Cruistella that is the easterlyest Iland of them all the northerlyest is named Ronalse Ronalse or Nordernanse Eleven or twelve leagues northwest froÌ„ the great Iland there lye two rockes one under the water the other above if you come out of the west you must look unto them You may sayle in through these Ilands of Orcanes in manie places to wete by Catenes and south from Sanda and come out north againe Thus the northeast point of Orcanes sheweth when you sayle along by it Thus the land of Catenes sheweth when you sayle along by it II. The situation betweene Catenes and the River or Creeke of Edenborowe FRom Catenes to Buquhamnesse the course is southeast one-and-twentie leagues Betweene them both there lyeth a great creeke wherein there are manie havens which are deepe ynough for great shippes to enter into them and where shippes may well lye at rode Southwest by south from Catenes about sixteene leagues there lyeth an out-point called Cabo Terbate Cabo Terbate north from it lyeth Dornock Dornock and south from it lyeth the haven of Ros Rosse and Luvernes Lovernes from thence the land reacheth east and eastnortheast to Buquhamnesse or Boeckenesse Boeckenes Ware afbeeldinghe vande Oostelijcke Zeecustoâ—i van Schotlandt van alle Jnwijcken Havenen ende Rivieren daer aen geleghen hoemen deselve beseij len ende voor wat Clippen Droochten enÌ„ ondicpten men hem wachten ende hocden sal alles correctelijck gestelt na zijne rechte streckinghen ende distantien van mijlen Vraije contrafaicture des costes Orientales de Schotlande de tours Goulfes Havres et Rivieres la situez comment on les navigera et de quels rochers escueils et lieux secs on se faut garder Boecknesse is a high hill which lyeth on the south side of the point right north from Boeckenes there lyeth a faire Creeke as if it were a haven which is called Spie or Spieloort Spyloort on the south side there is a single strand there you goe in by it Thus Boeckenesse sheweth when you sayle along by it From Boeckenesse to Aberdin Aberdin the course is southsouthwest twelve or thirteene leagues but betweene them both there lyeth a Tyde-haven On the south side of Aberdin there lyeth a rock half a league from the land which you must shunne The north point is all foule you must goe in by the south point at three or four fathome till you be within the haven and you may sayle further westward up to the towne and ancker there at four or five fathome Northward also there is a great water which is verie flatte and drie on both sides from thence there goeth a chanel to Old Aberdin which is a decayed towne Three leagues south from the haven of Aberdin lyeth the out-point of Stone-head Stonehead or the Torre whereon there standeth a castle right south from thence the Stonebay goeth in it is a deepe creeke where you may laye manie ships safely at ancker it is a good haven for shippes that will goe south Four leagues southeast and by south from the Stonebay or Torre lyeth the haven of Monros Monros it is also a
there on them it is but two fathome water at half flood and it is stonie ground Without the Sand of Harwich five leagues from the Nase it is twentie and two-and-twentie fathome deepe and thâ—re you may see the land Five or sixe leagues north and by east and northnortheast from the Foreland or from Margat there lyeth a banck called Kintersknock it is three fathome deepe being there you may see the land just upon the hatches Five leagues northward froÌ„ this banck it is twentie fathome deepe Without Goodwin sands it is eight-and-twentie nine-and-twentie fathome deepe and you may see the land of Dover and the Foreland but goe no nearer to Goodwin sands by night then sixteene fathome In the middle betweene the Heads it is two-and-twentie and three-and-twentie fathome deepe VIII How these Lands and Places are distant each from other FRoÌ„ Yarmouth to Leystaf within the baÌ„ks it is s 5 leagues From Leystaf to Abre or Orfordnes s 10 or 11 leagues From Abre to Abreknock e. s e. more then a league From Orfordnes to the Nase south-southwest 8 league From Orfordnes to the Galper s s e. 10 or 11 leagues From Orfordnes to Kinterknock south by west 16 leagues From the Nase to the Foreland south and somewhat easterlyer 13 leagues From Kinters knock to the Foreland s s w. about 7 leagues From the Foreland to the north ende of Goodwin sands southeast and by east 1 lâ—ague The point of Dover and the south ende of Goodwin sands lye distant south-southwest and northeast IX How these Places are situate from other Countreys FRom Yarmouth or Leystaf to the Texel or Marsdeepe east and east and by north 33 or 34 leagues From Yarmouth or Leystaf to the Mase eastsoutheast and somewhat southerlyer 37 leagues From Yarmouth or Leystaf to Walcheren or the Wielings southeast and southeast and by east about 34 or 40 leagues From Orfordnes or the Nase to Texel e. n. e. 37 leagues From the Nase or Harwich to the Mase east west 29 leagues From the Foreland to the Texel or Marsdeepe n. e. 45 leagues From the Foreland or Goodwin sands to the Mase eastnortheast and somewhat easterlyer 33 leagues From the Foreland to the Wielings east and somewhat northerly about 26 leagues From Dover or the Heads to the Texel or Marsdeepe northeast and somewhat northerlyer 53 or 54 leagues From Dover to the Mase or Goree n. e. and by e. 35 leagues From Dover to the Wielings eastnortheast 26 leagues From the Heads to der Neus in Norwaie north and by east 153 leagues From the Heads to the Rif the course is n. n. e. 120 leagues X. Vnder what degrees these Lands lye as writings do witnesse YArmouth lyeth under 52 degrees 52 minutes Orfordnes lyeth under 52 degrees 12 minutes The Foreland lyeth under 51 degrees 35 minutes Dover lyeth under 51 degrees 12 minutes Ende of the second Book A table of the second Book shewing the Contents of everie Chapter Chap. I. Drscribeth the situation of all the Ilands and Chanels in the Sea that lye betweene the Iland of Vlieland and the Elve Also of the Iland of Holie land pag. 3. Chap. II. Describeth the Sea-coasts of Iutland and the Iuttish Ilands lying betweene the Elve and the Rifhorne pag. 19. Chap. III. Declareth the situation of the Iuttish Coasts from the Dead hil to Schaghen pag. 26. Chap. IIII. Describeth the Belt Wedersond and Melversond Item the Ilands lying there abouts pag. 31. Chap. V. How you shall sayle forward through the Belt to Femeren and along the Coasts of Holsten Item along the Coasts of Mekelenburgh and Pomeren to Bornholme and along the Ilands of Laland Falster and Meun to Falsterbon pag. 36. Chap. VI. Describeth the Sea-coasts of Pomeren Prussia from Kolberghen to Memle pag. 42. Chap. VII Describeth the Sea-coasts Ilands Havens Rivers and Creeks of Coerland which are situate betweene Memle and Revle pag. 46. Chap. VIII Describeth the Sea-coasts of Lifland Russia and Finland from Revle to der Narve and Wyborgh and from thence to the Alands Haf pag. 53. Chap. IX Describeth tbe situation of the Sea-coasts of Sweathland which lye betweene Stockholme and Falsterbon also from Gotland Oeland and other Ilands there about pag. 57. Chap. X. Describeth the Sea-coasts of Schoonen Zeeland and the Northeast-land pag. 63. Chap. XI A description of the Sea-coasts of Norwaie from Masterland to der Neus pag. 71. Chap. XII Describeth the Sea-coasts of Norwaie from der Neus to Bergen pag. 77. Chap. XIII A description of Bergen or Ielteford to the North cape pag. 81. Chap. XIIII Describeth the Sea-coasts of Lapland from the North-cape to the Mouth of the White Sea pag. 90. Chap. XV. Describeth the Coasts of Russia Corellen and Lapland which lye by the White sea pag. 95. Chap. XVI Describeth the situation of the Ilands of Fero Item of Hitland Fulo and Fayrhil pag. 100. Chap. XVII Describeth the Ilands which lye behinde the northwest point of Scotland pag. 104. Chap. XVIII A description of the Ilands of Orcanes or Orcades with the Sea-coasts of Scotland pag. 106. Chap. XIX Describeth the North-coasts of England from north of Newcastle to Yarmouth pag. 109. Chap. XX. Declareth the situation of the English coasts betwixt Yarmouth and the Foreland Item of the River of London pag. 114. The ende of the Table
purpose it is as fit for use as any other starr to the end that mē should use it with good securitie without any fault I have for the good of al seafaring men to that end collected notwithout great labour perfectly made a new table wherein men may truly see how without any fault they may use the North-star by the 4 chief points of the Compasse that is South North East West the rest of the points or strokes to wete northwest southeast southwest and northeast I leave out wittingly and willingly for a man can not place any certaine marke whereby they may make a just gesse whensoever the watchers stand upō those strokes so that for that cause they are subject to more falshood and therefore it is thought good that men should not use them How much the North-starre goeth under or above the Pole when you set the Watchers upon the four principal points of the Compasse and that upon different heights Vpon the height of 10 degrees VVhen the watchers stand in the east then the Northstarre is under the Pole 1 degree 30 minutes When the watchers stand in the north then Leyen is beneath the Pole 2 degrees 23 minutes When the watchers stand in the west then Leyen is above the Pole 1 degree 25 minutes When the watchers stand in the south then the North-starre is above the Pole 2 degrees 24 minutes Vpon the height of 20 degrees When the watchers stand in the east then the North-starr is under the Pole 1 degree 33 minutes When the watchers stand north then Leyen is under the Pole 2 degrees 23 minutes When the watchers stand west then Leyen is above the Pole 1 degree 21 minutes When the Watchers stand south then Leyen is above the Pole 2 degrees 24 minutes Vpon the height of 30 degrees When the watchers stand east then Leyen is beneath the Pole 1 degree 37 minutes When the watchers stand north then Leyen is beneath the Pole 2 degrees 23 minutes When the watchers stand west then Leyen is above the Pole 1 degree 16 minutes When the watchers stand south then Leyen is above the Pole 2 degrees 24 minutes Vpon the height of 40 degrees When the watchers stand east then Leyen is beneath the Pole 1 degree 41 minutes When the watchers stand north then Leyen is beneath the Pole 2 degrees 23 minutes When the watchers stand west then Leyen is above the Pole 1 degree 11 minutes When the watchers stand south then Leyen is above the Pole 2 degrees 24 minutes Vpon the height of 50 degrees When the watchers stand east then Leyen is beneath the Pole 1 degrees 47 minutes When the watchers stand north then Leyen is beneath the Pole 2 degrees 22 minutes When the watchers stand west then Leyen is above the Pole 1 degrees 4 minutes When the watchers stand south then Leyen is above the Pole 2 degrees 25 minutes Vpon the height of 60 degrees When the watchers stand east then Leyen is beneath the Pole 1 degrees 55 minutes When the watchers stand north then Leyen is beneath the Pole 2 degrees 21 minutes When the watchers stand west then Leyen is above the Pole 53 minutes When the watchers stand south then Leyen is above the Pole 2 degrees 26 minutes Vpon the height of 70 degrees When the watchers stand east then Leyen is beneath the Pole 2 degrees 8 minutes VVhen the watchers stand north then Leyen is beneath the Pole 2 degrees 20 minutes VVhen the watchers stand west then Leyen is above the Pole 32 minutes VVhen the watchers stand south then Leyen is above the Pole 2 degrees 27 minutes Vpon the height of 80 degrees When the watchers stand east then Leyen is beneath the Pole 2 degrees 37 minutes VVhen the watchers stand north then Leyen is beneath the Pole two degrees 17 minutes VVhen the watchers stand west then Leyen is beneath the Pole 35 minutes VVhen the watchers stand south then Leyen is above the Pole two degrees 30 minutes These certaine and true rules being well understood everie man may easily gesse how he shall deale with other heights that fall betweene those heights before set downe as for example if you will knowe how much the North-starre standeth beneath the Pole when the watchers stand east at the height of 45 degrees first looke how much it is at the height of 50 degrees and you shall finde 1 degree 47 minutes and then at the height of 40 degrees and you shall finde 1 degree 41 minutes for that 45 minutes is the middle height betweene 50 and 40 take the middlemost between 47 and 41 and you shall have one degree 44 minutes so much shal Leyen stand beneath the Pole when the watchers stand in the east at the height of 45 deg in like sort you must do for al other places you shal faile litle or nothing NOTE That when it is here said VVhen the watchers stand in the east you must thereby understand when the middlemost or clearest of the watchers standeth east as high above the Horizon as the North-starre as the like is said of the watchers standing in the west you must thereby understand when the middlemost of the watchers standeth west even as high as Leyen and when it is said when the watchers stand north thereby is meant when the middlemost watcher standeth right above Leyen and in the south that is right under Leyen for for all such measures and taking of heights these tables are just and perfectly made and so are they most assuredly to be reckoned upon the strokes of the compasse CHAP. XX. How manie leagues a man may sayle upon everie stroke before he winne or loose a degree in height also how many leagues you are then without the Meridian or south and north line from which you sayled VVhen you sayle rightsouth or north then you sayle for a degree 20 leagues And you stay under the same Meridian that is you goe neither more easterly nor westerly then at first you did Vpon the stroke of south and by west or north and by west you sayle for a degree 20½ leagues And then you have left the Meridian or the south and north Line under which you were at the first 4 leagues South-south-west n.n.e. you sayle for a degree 21 leagues And then you are out of the aforesaid Line 8 leagues South w. by south n.e. by n. you sayle for a deg 24 leagues And without the Meridian 12½ leagues South-west north-east for one degree 28 leagues And without the Meridian 20 leagues S.w. by w. n.e. by n. you sayle for one degree 36 leagues Then you are without the Meridian 29 leagues W. s.w e.n.e. you sayle for a degree 52½ leagues Then you are without the Meridian 48 leagues W. by south east by n. you sayle for a degree 103 leagues And then you are without the Meridian 100 leagues Sayling east or west you neither winne nor loose but
 8 8-39  9 9-27  10 10-15  11 11 3  12 11 51   13 12-39   14 1-27   15 2-15   South-west and North-east da hou mi. At Amsterdam Rotterdam Dort Ziericksea Before Newcastle the Tese Hartlepoole In Robbenhoods bay Without the Flemish bancks In Pas de Calis Before Conquet At Pleymarques Groy Armentiers Heys Kiliaets Por thus the river of Burdeaux On al the Southcoasts of Bretaigne Gascoigne Poictou On al coasts of Biscayen Galissien Portugale Spaine On the West-coasts of Irland At Boeckenes Orkenesse In Hitland Fayerhil Falling of streames upon the same stroke 0 3 0 1 3 48 2 4 36 Frō Cape de Hagu to the Iland of Ornay Through the Ras of Ornay Frō Garnsea to Casquets From Muylford to Ramsey At Fawyck in the Chanel At Portland in the Sack 3 5 24 4 6 12 5 7 0 6 7 48 7 8 36 8 9 24 9 10 12 10 11 0 11 11 48 12 12-36 13 1 24 14 2 12  15 3 0   West-south-west and East-north-east da hou mi. Frō Tessel to Pas of Calis in the Fareway Before Humber Before Flamborough Scherenborough Abruat In Vaelmouth In the Moushole Seven Ilands S. Paules without the Haven Betweene Garnsea and Sept Isles in the Farewater In the Breesond Without the Four All South-coasts of Irland as Kinsael Corck Iochel Waterford Cape de Clare Falling of Streames upon the same stroke 0 4-30 1 5 18 2 6-6 From Ostende to S. Catelines From Barchfleur to Strusaert The Breesond out and in Frō Cap de Clare to the Iland Saltes Between Londey and Holmen so far as Brust From Sorlis to Englands ende Frō Start point to Portland 3 6 54 4 7 42 5 8 30 6 9-18 7 10 6 8 10 54 9 11-42 10 12 30 11 1 18 12 2 6 13 2 54 14 3 42  15 4-30  south-west-by-South-west-by-west and North-east-by-east da deg mi. Betweene Pas of Calis the Mase At Rouanen In the Sorlis Before S. Matthewes point In Bristowe Croixdowne In the Forde between Heysat Bofore the Bos. At S. Marten Before Rochell Before Brouwaghe At Rouaen In the river of Burdeaux Within the Chanels situated on the coasts of Spaine Portugale Galissien the South-side of Bretaigne Gascoigne the west-coasts of Ireland Falling of streames upon the same stroke 0 3 45 1 4 33 2 5 21  3 6 9 From Strusaert to Diepen From Lezaert to Start From Caep de Clare to Londey 4 6 57 5 7 45 6 8 33 7 9 21 8 10 9 9 10 57 10 11 45  11 12 33  12 1 21  13 2 9   14 2 57   15 3-45   West-by-South and East-by-north da hou mi.  Falling of Streames upon the same stroke 0 5 15 In Torbay and Dartmouth In Plimmouth and Vawyck In the Sea of Galles In Vaelmouth In Muylford At Ramsey in Wales Before Linne in England Against Londey In all Havens on the South-coast of Ireland 1 6-3 2 6 51 Frō Isle Bas to the Four Frō Dorsey to Cap de Clare Frō the Sorlis to Lezard Frō Portland to Wight Frō Wight to Beach or Bevesier 3 7-39 4 8-27 5 9-15 6 10 3 7 10-51 8 11 39 9 12-27  10 1-15  11 2 3  12 2 51   13 3 39   14 4-27   15 5 15   West and East da hou mi.  Falling of streames upon the same stroke 0 6-0  1 6-48 Before Hamborgh Before Bremen Before the Marsdiep or Tessel At Hull At Blackney Wells Before Antwerpe Der Goes Der Gouwe At Concallo S. Malo S. Paules in the Haven Without the Sorlis in the Chanell 2 7-36  3 8-24  4 9-12  5 10-0 From the Kiscasses to Berchfleur Frō Englādsende to Lezart 6 10-48 7 11-36 8 12-24 9 1-12 10 2-0  11 2-48  12 3-36   13 4-24   14 5-12   15 6-0   West-north-west and East-south-east da hou mi.  Falling of Streames upon the same stroke 0 7-30 At ehe Nesse by Wieringhen In Tessel in the Coopverders Rode At Kilduyn In the middle of the Chanell in the Fairway Neare Goutstert in the Chanel And betweene Moushole Vaelmuyen in Sea Neare Plimmouth in Sea At Lezart by the land 1 8-18 2 9-6  3 9-54  4 10-42 Frō the Iland Briack to S. Malo From Berghfleur to Seynhooft 5 11-30 6 12-18 7 1 6 8 1-54 9 2-42 10 3-30  11 4-18   12 5-6   13 5-54   14 6-42   15 7-30   West-by-north and East-by-south da hou mi.  Falling of Streames upon the same stroke 0 6-45  1 7-33  2 8-21   3 9-9 Betweene Fawijck and Vaelmuyen in the Chanell Amidst in the Chanell At Briston at the Kaye Before S. Nicolas and Podessemske  4 9-57 From the Ilād Bas to Marwanen along the land 5 10-45 6 11-33 7 12-21 8 1-9  9 1-57   10 2-45   11 3-33   12 4-21   13 5-9   14 5-57   15 6-45   North-west-by west and South-east-by-east da hou mi.  Falling of Streames upon the same stroke 0 8-15  1 9 3  2 9-51 Without the Kiscasses in the Chanell By Wight in the Chanell From Wight to Bevesier by the land Vpon the Coast by west the Foreland Without the Vlie  3 10-39 Behinde Garnsea in the Farewater Within the seven Ilands 4 11-27 5 12-15 6 1-3 7 1-51 8 2-39  9 3-27  10 4-15   11 5-3   12 5-51   13 6-39   14 7-27   15 8-15   North-west and South-east da hou mi.  Falling of streames upon the same stroke 0 9-0 Before the East and West Eemses Before the Vlie Before the Scholbalgh On all the Freese Coasts Vpon the Freese and Wieringer Vlack Before Crāmer Winterduyn and Yarmouth Within the Seine At the East ende of Wight In the Rasse of Poortland Betweene Garnsea the Kiscasses 1 9-48 2 10-36  3 11 24 In the Wyck of Bennyte between Morlaix and the Drieakelpots 4 12-12 5 1 0 6 1-48 7 2-36  8 3-24  9 4-12  10 5 0  11 5-48  12 6-36  13 7-24   14 8-12   15 9-0   North-north-west and South-south-east da hou mi.  Falling of streames upon the same stroke 0 10-30 At Olfersnes and Harwidgh without the banckes At Leytstaffe in the Rode Yarmouth in the Rode before the Thames of London At Margat At Wight within At Beunen Diepen Seynhooft In the Fosse of Caen. At Struysaert al the coasts of Normandie Picardie At S. Helene Calveroort 1 11-18 2 12-6  3 12-54 From Berghfleur to Alhonga From Cape Dorsi to the Iland Dardan 4 1-42 5
the Mase then runne along by the land of the Briel at 4 fathome but goe no nearer unto it for in some places it is somewhat shoring How to go into the Goree chanel out of the north and when you are so farre southward that the steeple of Goree standeth south by east from you or somewhat more easterly then sayle right upon the Land of Goree and then also you shal sayle over the Flat aforesaid but when you are near the Land of Goree then beyond the Flat you enter into the deeper water then goe in forward along by the Mayeland of Goree as I said before and ankor where you will The Flat before spoken of is verie broad and stretcheth crosse over the chanell it is verie even and all of one depth The chanel of Goree is verie broad wide for when the steeple of Goree standeth betweene east and by south Markes of Goree gat or chanel and s by e. froÌ„ you then you may without al fear sayle to the foot-strand of Goree you must then still runne over the Flatte aforesaid and shall not finde lesse then three and three fathome an half water at lowe water and when you come to the foot-strand of Goree you shall have deeper water then goe in forward by the mayeland as aforesaid To knowe Goree laÌ„d The Land of Goree is known by the great flat steeple of Goree by a sharp litle steeple which standeth on the west ende called Outdorp further also you see the cape there whereof I spake before Thus the Land of Goree sheweth when it is about a league crossewise from you Goree Outdorp V. To sayle into the chanell of Brewers haven HE that desireth to sayle into Brewers haven he must understand that there are three bankes lying before the land which runne along by the strand the uttermost lyeth at least a kenning from the land which is called the Breebanck Breebanck upon it it is 7 fathome deepe but within it it is againe 19 fathome deepe The second lyeth nearer to the land upon the which it is five fathome deepe The Ooster SchelbaÌ„ck and within it 7 fathome water The third called the Schelbanck lyeth crosse before the mouth of the haven without the first tonne and upon it at lowe water it is 3 fathome water If you will sayle into the chanell of Brewers haven then set the two capes that stand upon the Land of Schouwen one right against the other and sayle upon them to the strand of Schouwen to four fathome water and when you have gotten to four fathome water then runne northeast in yet as winde streame serveth you there you shall finde the uttermost tonne which you must leave to seaward or on the baghborde sayle forward in that sort so long untill that Renesse standeth eastward of the blenck that is the high downe which lyeth on the west side of Bruwers haven then Goree will be right against Outdorp or almost one uppon the other keepe those markes in that sort until you have deeper water or that you have past the second tonne which as you enter in leave upon starborde when you wil keep in the depest water but you may sayle lower about And then if you will sayle to Brewers haven then set Bommene without the point of Ossesteert and sayle upon it to the foot strand of Schouwen for the sandes on baghborde are verie shoring you must not goe nearer unto them when you lavere then sixe fathome goe forward along by the strand to the head of the haven and there anckor there you shal have 8 9 fathome deepe the tonnes in Brewers havens chanell are layd against the Buysses goe out to Sea and taken in againe when they have done fishing When a man coÌ„meth out of the Sea To knowe the land of SchouweÌ„ the Land of Schouwen when you fall upon it sheweth to your sight with 3 or 4 high and long white downes which are called the Woolsackes that in the west is the highest and longest upon the land also you may see some churches with smale speres but on the south ende towards Sealand there is a high four square flat church Brewers haven hath a sharpe steeple and the land of Scouwen reacheth it self out further east then the other landes whereby also it is well to be knowne From the west ende of the Land of Schouwen there is a bad long Riffe at least two leagues and more into the Sea which is called the Banjaert The Banjaert from the uttermost ende of the Riffe to Botkil it is south-south-west and with such a course you can not misse it Thus the land of Schouwen sheweth when it lyeth about a league an half thartwise from you Brewers haven VI. How you shall sayle into the Veer-chanel or Haven TO sayle into the Veer-haven or gat so called in Dutch I counsell you not to enter into it before half flood be past for the latter ebbe the fore flood fall right crosse over the Banjaert into the Roompot to the land of Schouwen but when the flood is half spent then it runneth right into the Veer-haven a south and a north Moone make the highest water in Veerhaven and an east west Moone the lowest water therein but when the Moone is southeast or northwest then the water there is 2 thirdpartes flood How to sayle into Veer haveÌ„ comming out of the north If you will sayle into the Veer-haven comming out of the north then goe no nearer to the land of Schouwen or the Banjaert then seven fathome water for upon the Banjaert in some places it is not above 4 or 5 foot deepe and much dryer but beyond it it is 7 8 and 9 fathome soft ground sayle about it on the outside untill that Eastchappell is half a ships length eastward from Middleburgh sayle with those markes to Walcheren Markes to entâ—r the haven so long untill that the steeples of Westkerck and Coortgeen be right upon each other or that the steeple of Coortgeen standeth a bowe length southward of the flatte steeple of Westkerck sayle then upon it and you shall finde the first tonne but goe no nearer to the strand of Walcheren then 7 or 8 fathome water for if you doe you may chance to sayle behinde a point of land called the Onrust which commeth off from Walcheren You must also goe no nearer to the land of Schouwen or the Banjaert then 8 fathome water for it is verie steepe The first tonne lyeth at 8 fathome on the south strand when you come to the first tonne you may easily see the second so forth from the one to the other all the four tonnes must be left on starborde when you goe in and you must sayle close by them for on both sides it is verie steep and shoring when you are at the innermost then sayle to the Mayland and goe close along by it at three or four fathome if
Splete comming west out of the Sea leave the coast of Flanders and when you gesse your self to be past Ostende then cast out your lead untill you finde shallower water and harder ground then you are against the Trip when you have found this shallowe be it at 6 7 or 8 fathome water as you are easterly or westerly for the easterlyer the dryer and the westerlyer the deeper as aforesaid then you must not passe over it so towards the land for you should fall into the mouth of the Wielinges but you must there put about a saker shotte or more northward into the Sea until you have it somewhat deeper and soft ground againe for northward from the Trip it is also soft ground like the Wielinges then runne in east-north-east and now then make southward towards the Trip till you have shallowe and hard ground which is the north-side of the Trip hold so all along by the Trip untill that Brugge be over against Liswegen or that Blanckenbergh be on your side then you are against the west point of the Raen in the Splete If so be you can see it then hold Middleburgh standing over a high downe which lyeth betweene Isehooke and Souteland frō which on the east side there lyeth no more downes then goe in east-north-east and then you shall not sayle by any banck or Raen untill the castle of Sluys come within the high downes which lye eastward from Casand when you have these markes goe freely forward to Flushing without any doubt you shall sayle neither by Raesses nor French Pol. But if it chance to be darke or glome wether then you must goe along by the north ende of the Trip east-north-east still sounding with your lead untill you finde the drougth or hard ground of the banck and running so east-north-east along by it then you shall goe in betweene the Raen and the banck The west point of the Raen is verie flatte so that you may easily sound it and in the chanell betweene the banck and the Raen it is soft ground and on either side both on the Raen and on the banck upon the shallowe it is hard ground When in this sort you runne in east-north-east to the dryest part of the banck and that you putte from the banck then it beginneth to be deeper so that you may passe over the banck at 18 foot water half flood but I counsell you not to goe over it least you runne upon the French Pol but keep along by the hard ground of the banck direct your course somewhat easterlyer to shunne the Raesses which reach into the Sea from the Souteland for you can not sound them with your lead then when you are somewhat more inward goe east to Flushing and then you shall sayle by no drougths IF you will sayle out of the Splete How you may sayle out of the Splete then goe from Flushing vvest and by north so long till S. Anne come vvithout the east dovvne of Casand then may you runne forth into vvhat chanel you vvil but if you vvill runne out of the Splete then bring Westchappel out of the dovvnes and Middleburgh against the high dovvne which lyeth betvveene the Isehooke and Souteland If you be next Flanders side then S. Anne commeth first out of the downes but if you be next Walcherens side then Westchappel cōmeth forth first When Middleburgh is against the foresaid downe then goe west-south-west keepe Middleburgh so situate so long as you can see it When Brugghe commeth against Lisweghen then you are past all shallowes you may set your course whither you will or if it fall out that you loose the sight of Middleburgh then runne along out by the course of Raen which you may wholly sound with the lead but the Pol inward is altogether steepe X. How to sayle into the Wielinges VVhen you come out of the Sea towards Flanders and will sayle into the Wielinges then seeke out Liswegen that is a thick flat steeple standing in the downes when Bruggeling standeth a Cable length from Liswegen westward then are you from daunger of all Sands Pols and Rasses keepe Bruggeling so standing and so sayle towards Flanders upon five fathome there you finde soft ground Then goe east-north-east or east and by north as the winde streame serveth keepe the coast of Flanders at five fathome till Blanckenbergh commeth into the gappe of the Gallowes field that is a great gappe in the downes keepe Blanckenbergh so standing till you see Heys in another great gap in the downes almost half a masts length east from the Ungeboedt then is Westchappel in Flanders full against Knock then sayle forward northeast by east northeast as the winde or streame is that you may runne beyonde the French Pol. Whē S. Anne cōmeth upon that high down of Casand which is most easterly then are you beyond the French Pol al shallowes then sayle forward to Isehook toward Walcherē forward by the dyke along by the Hoofden so to Flushing If you will sayle into the Wielinges when you come out of the west with a south winde then as it is aforesaid in the description of the Splete you must seeke Flushing coast with your lead When you are past Ostende then you shall finde drie and hard ground which is the ground of the Trip which you must sayle over and when you are about the length of a musket shot over it then you shal presently have half a fathome deeper water soft ground then you are in the chanel of the Wielinges in a good waie but if then you goe somewhat more to landwards or southeastward then you will loose the soft ground and finde hard drie ground againe by reason of a Sand which lyeth frō Blanckenburgh about an English myle from the strand along the coast so farre as to Wenduynen where at a lowe water you have 15 foot water at the dryest you may sayle under this sand when you goe over the Trip a litle eastward from Ostende and so goe somewhat to farre over to the strand To shūne the Banck of Blanckenbergh but to shunne it you have no better meanes but when you are past the hardnes and drynes of the Trip and finde soft ground with a litle deeper water that then you put no more towards the land but goe in right northeast and sometymes northerly according to the hardnes of the Trip or banck and then hold off againe till you finde soft ground againe whereby you shall be assured that you runne along by the south ende of the Trip or banck in the chanell of the Wielinges this doe so long untill Heys be about a masts length westward from the beakon then you must sound no more northward with your lead for the banck there is verie steepe for that close by the banck it is eight fathome deepe at the least When Heyes is right against the beakon then you are right against
of Iarsey there lye some Rockes which are called the Paternosters Paternosters When you come out of the west you may runne betweene them and the land at 11 fathome and anckor before the sandie Baye called Trinitie there is good anckoring at 10 11 fathome leaving the Paternosters or Rockes of Pierlech north-north-west from you From the west ende of Iarsey to S. Maloes the course is south and by east and s s e. 8 or 9 leagues but about midwaie betweene the west ende of Iarsey and the I le of Sicember which lyeth before S. Maloes there lye certaine high rockes in the chanel which conteine in circuite to sayle about them Monkes or Minkes about 8 leagues which a man must be carefull to shunne which rockes are called the Monckes From Iarsey to Concale the course is south-south-east and south and by east distant 11 or 12 leagues II. To sayle the coast along from Cape de Hague to S. Malo BEtweene Cap de la Hague and the Iland of Ornay the Rasse of Blanckart or Ornay runneth in from whence a man may sayle through the Ilands in divers manners to S. Maloes as hereafter followeth and also along the coast by Granville and Concale First from Cape de la Hague or Hagu to Cape de Vorha Cape de Vorha it is s s e. and south and by east about 8 leagues From Cape de Hague there shooteth of a rock which you must be carefull to shunne Buf-rocks When you are past Cape de Vorha then you shal finde three or four high rockes called the Buff you may goe about betwixt them and the firme land east and west as also betweene the Rockes and Iarsey to the Riffe of Sand called Mortefam Martefam From Cap de Vorha to the said Riffe of Mortefam the course is south-south-east 8 leagues Against this Riffe there lyeth a rowe of Rockes reaching east west more theÌ„ a league into the Sea Those that are most easterly lye above the water these Rockes are called Bufkin Bufkin Beâ—ng past Buff you leave on your right hand as you doe all other rockes a great rowe of Rockes which reach out from the southeast point of Iarsey to Granville which are called Eckron Eckron all these rockes you leave on your right hand He that sayleth to Granville betweene Buff and Iarsey let him understand that he may anckor well under the north ende of Iarsey at 11 or 12 fathome But comming by the sand or riffe of Mortefam there you must sayle s s e. forward to Granville betweene Mortefam Bufkin Right south from this riffe of Mortefam there standeth a church with two steeples called Quotanse Quotanse From the Rock Bufkin to the utter point of Granville Granville it is southeast 6 or 7 leagues about the south point there lye two or three litle rocks going about behinde them you goe behinde a stone or head where at lowe water you sitte drie You must understand that betweene Cape de Hague and Granville the coast is full of houses milles and trees and that you may anckor all along by that coast at 6 and 7 fathome specially on the south side of Cape de Hague The Cape of Vorha and Granville are two pointes shooting or reaching out About five leagues southward of Granville there lyeth an Iland about a league from the firme land whereon the castle or litle town of S. Michaels Mont S. Michael lyeth having a high towre which may be seene farre off lying before the river of Averentie which falleth drie into the Sea at least a league long so that from the strand you may see no Sea And about west from Granville lye the rockes of Sausee or Santsee Sausee or Santsee which are about 3 leagues long reaching east west From Granville to the point of Concale Concale the course is southwest 5 leagues you must runne in close by the point for there it is 8 or 9 fathome deepe there lye three rockes off from the point before them you may anckor at 10 fathome but before the towne it is shallowe water There lye two rockes also on the north side of the towne under them you may anckor at 5 or 6 fathome Within the rockes to Mount S. Michael it is verie rising ground of 13 9 6 fathome it is all one so that at a lowe water the whole shore is drie as I said before From the uttermost rock of Concale to the East haven of S. Maloes S. Maloes west and w. by s it is 5 leagues There lyeth a litle Iland before the haven wheron there standeth a church called Sicember you may sayle in on both sides thereof The east chanel The east-chanel goeth in by a high sharp rock called the Meeusteen and so you sayle upon the west Iland then you see two small Ilands or rockes more and on each of them there staÌ„deth a litle house which you leave on backborde sayling upon the uttermost and close in by it When you are within the cliffes or rockes whereon the houses stand then you may anckor at 5 or 6 fathome lowe water This east chanel reacheth south in and upon the west land in the Baye against S. Maloes there are three or four litle houses which in sayling in you must keepe close upon the two aforesaid Ilands whereon the houses stand and you must sayle right up upon them untill you are within the two Ilands or rockes where you may anckor before the towne at 5 fathome At a lowe water it is there all full of rockes and stones so that there you can hardly see through them but sayling in the chanels of S. Maloes at half flood you can doe no hurt so you sayle not upon any high rockes for at high water it is there 14 fathome deepe and it floweth everie tyde 7 fathome high The west chanel beginneth to runne in a litle westward of Sicember The west-chanel of S. Maloes Sicember is the Iland whereon the litle church standeth there westward lye two or three great rockes whereby you runne in leaving a great rock on starborde running in close by the rockes that be most northeast and by south and e. s e. till you are against the two rocks wheron the two houses stand then turne southward up to the towne as aforesaid The markes of the west chanel are these Markes of the west-chanel there standeth a mill on high upon the waie to the towne when that is right upon the north or east corner of the towne of S. Maloes let it stand so til you come to the aforesaid Ilands with houses The south chanel of S. Maloes The south chanel of S. Maloes runneth along by the land betweene it and the rockes where you leave all the rockes to seaward keeping the west point of the haven right against the south corner of the towne so that betweene the towne and the Ilands you may
see the place whereon the milles stand and so you runne upon the point of the haven in and close in by the point and when you are at the point then you may ankor in the Baye where the houses stand at five fathome lowe water in the middle of the haven there lye two or three sandes stone ground which you must shunne At S. Maloes an east and west moone maketh a high water the streame falleth into the west haven through the cliffes or rockes and out againe at the east chanel which you must marke well when you goe in at the west chanel of S. Maloes III. The situation from S. Maloes to S. Pauls de Lion ABout five leagues west from the south chanel of S. Maloes there lyeth a great sandie Baye where a man may lye safe from all windes at 6 or 7 fathome you anckor under a great cliffe or rocke turning westwards up towards the milles with the trees And almost three leagues northwest from this foresaid Sand-bay lyeth Cape de Farelle Cape de Farelle which also is called Cape de Late because the castle la Late standeth east from this point there also is a good Rode for a west and southwest winde West from Cape de Farelle lyeth a great cliffe or rocke and west from it you may anckor in the great Sandbaye You may knowe Cape de Farelle by the aforesaid rock there are many Sand bayes also in the strand upon the point standeth a great castle From Cape de Farelle to the north ende of the Iland Briack Iland of Briack it is west and by north 13 or 14 leagues Betweene them both there lyeth the Havens or Rivers of S. Brieux and Benit S. Brieux S. Benit and about west from Cape de Farelle there lyeth a great rowe of out-rockes above the water two leagues from the land Two leagues northwest from S. Maloes chanel lyeth the east banck right over against Cape de Farelle there you may ride under at 6 or 7 fathome You shall knowe the Iland of Briack when you come out of the east by two milles which stand upon the land about two cables length one from the other and betweene the two milles there standeth a high round hill and on it a house it reacheth south-south-west n. n. e. almost 3 leagues in length You may sayle round about this Iland and anckor when you will it is al good ground although there lye some rockes round about it as one a great way from the north point called Souffe which you must take heede of and beware also of a rowe of rockes at the north ende lying under the water In the Trave of Iarsey Rockedove and the Iland Briack it is 20 25 and 30 fathome west-south-West-south-west a league and an half from the Iland Briack lye the Out-rockes of Pickels Pickels rockes which you may sayle round about They lye 4 leagues from the firme land and east neare to the firme land there lye many blinde rockes which you must shunne Four leagues west from Briack lyeth Portblanke Port blāc upon a great river called Lantriliers East frō this haven lye manie Out-rockes you may sayle betweene them at 6 or 7 fathome with a lowe water about behinde the Seven Ilands and come westward by the Greene Iland into the Sea againe From Pickels aforesaid to the Seven Ilands it is 8 leagues east and by north Sept Isles w. by s you cannot sayle through nor betweene those Seven Ilands but betweene the firme land the Seven Ilands there runneth a white chanel through The Seven Ilands are to be sayled upon at 45 fathome and when you are against them then you see a steeple upō the firme land whereby they are well to be knowne this church is called Our Ladie of Brightnes And from the Iland which lyeth furthest east there shooteth off a Sand at the ende whereof there lyeth a rock for a good marke to sayle about this Sand. Above a league south from Seven Ilands lyeth the Greene Iland otherwise called Tabeliuck Green Iland Taveliuc which may be sayled round about and from thence runneth the deepe to the Driakelpotten northwest into the Sea The Seven Ilands are about 8 or 9 leagues long and northwest from the west ende of them there lyeth a rock under the water which at lowe water is above it From these Ilands to Driakelpotten Driakelpottes the course is west-south west e n. e. 5 leagues these are all mightie and fearfull Out-rockes spreading out farre and broad and lye without the coast of the land about five or sixe leagues Betweene the Driaklepotten and the Sept Isles lyeth the river of Laminoe and east from it the Greene Iland or Taveliuc which may be anckored round about The haven behinde the Greene Iland is called Ulles haven Vlles haven to sayle into it you must leave Taveliuc on backborde and you must goe in south it is a great creeke then the river will open it self but you must take heede of the northside of the river for it is foule To knowe the Driaklepotten you shall see a high steeple standing upon the land although there it must be cleare wether before you can have any sight of the land Along by this coast it is 50 and 45 fathome deepe and you may easily see the land so that in the night tyme you may come no nearer unto it then 45 fathome He that commeth from Voert and will sayle to S. Maloes must goe no nearer east with a south winde then east-northeast but if the winde be west then goe n. e. by e. untill you have Driaklepotten on your side otherwise the flood would drawe you thither the flood falleth there northwest and southeast in behinde the Seven Ilands but by day there is no daunger when you can see Behinde the Driaklepotten lyeth the haven of S. Iohn de Doye S. Iohn de Doye almost three leagues westward from the Greene Iland asmuch eastward from Morlions it is a tyde-haven from thence you may goe to Morlions through the rockes and anckor at 5 or 6 fathome lowe water West from the Driaklepotten or pottes lyeth a great rock about s w. by s from the same lyeth the east chanel of Morlions Morlions about 4 leagues distant West-southwest west by south from the aforesaid rock 5 or 6 leagues lyeth the west chanel of Morlions running in by a long craggie rock you may sayle into this chanel south and south and by west to the castle of Morlaix The castle of Morlaix and being about the castle you may sayle eastward on through the rockes and goe from the long rock n. n. e. and n. by e. out of the east havē into the Sea againe as the streame serves The flood commeth from the northwest Being within the castle of Morlaix and desiring to goe to Morlions they sayle east through the rockes it is al broken land
rock lying at the east ende of Heysant is over against the northwest ende of the northerlyest Cheminees or Kimmenesses then you are against the Hagles Halman Markes of the Hagles He that will sayle into Breest water Breest water must understand that about a league eastward of S. Mathewes point there lyeth a rock which he must shunne To sayle into Breest water from S. Mathewes point goe e. s e. and keepe the north ende of the southerlyest Kiminesses without S. Mathewes point so long untill that the mille upon the north land is north from the trees then sayle southward by the rock and so you cannot erre You may sayle within two cables length along by the north land untill that Breest is without the point then sayle up to it Or if you will sayle otherwise into Breest water northward of the rock aforesaid which lyeth about a league within S. Mathewes point right against Bartrams Baye then keepe the north land wel and hold the southerlyest Kimmenesse covered behinde the great rock which lyeth off from S. Mathewes point and so sayle upon the west point of Bartrams Baye untill that the mill which standeth upon the north land be n. w. by n. and the trees n.n.w. frō you then you are past the stone But it is best to goe southward by the stone it lyeth about half a peece shot frō the north land If you will goe into the haven of Breest then sayle most part along by the north land so long till that you come upon the point of Breest When the south point of Breest water is right against the point of Croduin Baghin rockes then you are against Baghin which are a rowe of rockes lying in the mouth of Breest water about two cables length from the north side at a lowe water are seene being there within you may turne up eastward or southward before the rivers of Landerneau or Lefou anckor there against the south land at 10 12 and 13 fathome before the litle towne called old Croduyn Breest water for the most part reacheth in east-northeast there it floweth everie tyde three fathome up and downe and a southwest by west and northeast by north moone there maketh a high water He that lyeth within Breest must paye about twelve pence for anckor mony Croixduin for that you have a bill to signifie that you are free there so that if you lose your shippe upon the coast of Britanie you might there freely lay hold on your goods otherwise it is not free there you lye at anckor in the Sea at 8 or 9 fathome and at land your ship is made fast with a rope at a tree To sayle from S. Mathewes point to Claesduinen or Croduin keepe the southerlyest Kimmenesses without the Blanck Moines goe forward e. s.e untill you come to the west point of Claesduynen and when you are about the point and may see the Baye open then you shall see a church stand upō a peece of land distant from the maine runne up to it and anckor about the church at 6 or 7 fathome Croduin is a great Creeke lyeth almost 3 leagues distant from S. Mathewes point right over against Croduin lyeth Bartrams Baye Bartrams baye there you may anckor safe against a north and n. w. winde at 10 or 11 fathome The Cheminees Cheminees or Kimmenesses lye southward from Heysant and westward from S. Mathewes point betweene the Kimmenesses and Heysant a ship that will may well sayle through it is there 6 or 7 fathome deepe with lowe water If a man by reason of the flood cannot sayle above Heysant and the Cheminees he may well sayle through between them as I said before it is there broad and deepe ynough the chanel reacheth about n. e. s w. going in the middle of the water you cānot erre He that will sayle over the Trave from S. Mathewes point to the Emperor Emperesse must have good regard to the rockes which lye betweene them The Colengier Colengier lyeth from S. Mathewes point s s e. almost two leagues The Henne with her Chickens Henne with her Chickens and the middlemost Foukenesses lye from S. Mathewes point s e by e. almost 2 leagues The Foukenesses lye from the west point of Croduyn about w. s w. almost half a league The southerlyest Foukenesse Foukenesses lyeth from the northerlyest half a league or two shootes of a peece and at a high water it is covered and n. n. e. a cables length from it there lyeth a blinde rock which at alowe water is also seene The said southerlyest Foukenesse lyeth southwest by south from Croixduin There lyeth also another blinde rock westward from the northerlyest Foukenes which also at a lowe water is uncovered The Henne lyeth w. s w. a peeces shot an half from Foukenesse it is a round sharp rock which round about is deepe and faire at 6 7 fathome The Chickens The Chickens lye a bases shot n. w. by w. from the Henne which are two sharp stumpes which with lowe water are even above the water and lye about west from the northerlyest Foukenesse The Scheminkel hilles lye southward from the Foukenesses Scheminckle bergen or rockes you may runne betweene them at 10 fathome to the west point of Croduin there also is good rode and anckor ground The Ras of Fontenay Rasse of Fontenay lyeth from S. Mathewes point south by east five leagues if you will sayle from S. Mathewes point over the Trave in the Ras of Fontenay then goe south and by east and hold the mill of Fenestiers which standeth upon the east point of Conquets haven over the point of S. Mathewes Closter as long as you can see it and when you come before the Emperor Emperor and the Emperesse shunne the Emperor because of the rockes thereof which lye under the water and beware also of the Emperesse Emperesse for from it also there runneth a sand called the Calf Calf over which the streame breaketh verie much and falleth verie stiffe from it therefore marke your streames heere wel for the streame runneth crosse over this Ras of Fontenay so that with a southwest winde and an out fall or ebbe it is verie dangerous to put into that chanel as also with a calme This chanel runneth through s s w. The Seims stand a litle south from the Emperour and reach about 3 leagues w. n. w. into the Sea Seims rockes about northwest from them lyeth a rock which you must shunne Betweene the said Seims and Heysant reacheth Breesand Breesond in e. n. e. against the which reacheth that of S. Mathewes point into the Sea w. n. w. five leagues East from Fontenay or the Emperesse lyeth Friesebaye Friese bay there you may anckor against a s e. by s winde there is good anckor ground And further east from Friese-baye lyeth Boldavids baye
long untill that the Closter commeth within the castle of Armentiers then you are within the Monck-lege Monck-lege then goe e. s e. untill you are within the rock called Pierremen Pierremen which you may goe about on both sides and when you may see the Grave open then you may anckor at 7 or 8 fathome goe on land to fetch a Pilot for it is Pilots water From Bel-Isle to Armentiers the course is e. s e. about 12 or 13 leagues distant From Armentiers to Heys it is south and by east 7 leagues And from Bel-Isle to Heys Heys it is s e. 16 leagues The Iland of Picqueliers lyeth right upon the point of Armentiers Between Armentiers or Picqueliers Picqueliers Heys it is an uneven chanel with manie shallowes and banckes of 4 5 6 and 7 fathome To knowe Heyes you must understand that you may see it beneath on the hatches when you are at 35 fathome in the Sea on the east ende of Heys there standeth a sharp steeple some houses and milles so that it is wel to knowe When you sayle along by Heys almost 3 leagues of it sheweth it self thus In the chanel betweene Heys and Bel Isle it is 35 and 40 fathome but when you are within the chanel then it is but 25 fathome deepe Under Heys there is no great good Rode Rode under Heyes for there it rolleth too much as if the water came from under the Iland and at the north ende it is flatte water The Rode is when the steeple of the church is southwest from you at 8 or 9 fathome but you lye not safe there but from a southwest a west-southwest winde and there it raketh alwaies verie much From Heyes to the Kiliates or the Iland of S. Marten the course is e. s e. 12 or 13 leagues Betweene them both lyeth the Barse of Olone about half a league frō the land of Poictou but how you must shunne it sayle by the Kiliates is declared in the chapter ensewing Thus the land of Poictou sheweth it self betweene Heyes and the Iland of S. Marten when you sayle along by it being four leagues from it Olone IIII. What Moone maketh a high water on these coasts and of the falling of the streames VPon all the Coasts of Britaigne and Poictou as also upon all the Ilandes there aboutes a southwest a northeast moone maketh a high water But within the Havens Rivers Creekes and Bayes a s w. and by w. and a n. e. by e. moone or a point later as the Havens or Rivers stretch deeper into the land and there you reckon no falling of streames V. At what depths you may see the land about these Coasts and Ilands AT the Seims and Sheetes you may see the land at sixtie and five and sixtie fathome Against the East and Westpenmarques you may see the land at 55 and 60 fathome You may see Belisle at 60 fathome but then you must runne into the shorones or els to the toppe of the mast but at 55 fathome you may see it beneath Heys a man may see at 60 fathome with cleare wether You may see S. Martens Iland and the north ende of Olderdom or Oleron at 30 and 27 fathome VI. How these Lands lye one from the other FRom the Ras of Fontenay to Westpenmarques the course is southeast 9 leagues But from the west ende of the Seims to Westpenmarques east-southeast and somewhat southerlyer 13 leagues From Fontenay to Odegerne e. s e. 5 leagues From Odegerne to Westpehmarques s e by s 5 leagues From Westpenmarques to Eastpenmarques e. s e. 7 leagues From Glenant or Gloylant to Groye east west 9 leagues From Groye to the West ende of Bel-Isle south and by east and south-southeast 5 leagues From Glenant or Gloyland to Belisle s e. by e. 12 leagues From the northwest ende of Belisle to the southeast ende southeast and by east 3 leagues From Westpenmarques to Belisle east-southeast 21 leagues From the southeast-ende of Belisle to Picqueliers or Armentiers east-southeast 12 leagues From Belisle to the Cardinal east and by north and somewhat northerlyer 4 leagues From Belisle to Croiswyke e. by n. e. n. e. 11 leagues From the Cardinal to Olduynen e. n. e. 7 leagues From the West-point of Croiswyke to the North-point of the River of Nantes east-southeast 3 leagues From the point of the River of Nantes to Picqueliers south-southwest 7 leagues From Pierremen to Armentiers w. s w. 3 leagues From Armentiers or Picqueliers to Heys s by e. 7 leagues From the east-ende of Belisle to Heys southeast and somewhat easterlyer 16 leagues From Heys to the Barse of Olone e. by s 7 leagues Frō Heys to the Kiliates or S. Martens Iland e. s.e 12 or 13 leag VII How these Countries are distant from other Countries FRom the Seims or Fontenay to the Krage of Oleron s e. and by e. 72 leagues From the Seims to Bayone in France s e. 112 leagues From the Seims to S. Sebastians s e. by s 112 leagues From the Seims to Bilbao south-southeast and somewhat easterlyer 101 leagues From the Seims to S. Andero s s e. 96 leagues From the Seims to Cape de Pinas or Tores south 88 leagues From Seims to Ribadeus south by west 93 leagues From the Seims to Cape Ortegal south-southwest and somewhat southerlyer 91 leagues From the Seims to Cape Finisterre southwest by south and somewhat southerlyer 112 leagues From the Seims to Sorles north-northwest 46 leagues From Seims without about Heysant n. by w. 10 leagues From Westpenmarques to Viverus south-southwest 88 leagues From Westpenmarques to Cizarga s w by s 104 leagues From Groye to Cape de Finisterre s w. 123 leagues From Belisle to the River of Burdeaux southeast 50 leagues From Belisle to S. Sebastians south-southeast somewhat southerlyer 80 leagues From Belisle to S. Andero south 72 leagues From Belisle to Cape de Pinas or Tores s s w. 80 leagues From Belisle to Cape de Ortegal southwest 91 leagues From Bel-isle to Cape de Finisterre southwest 123 leagues From Heys to Cape de Pinas s w. by s 73 leagues From Heys to Cape Ortegal s w. by w. 94 leagues VIII Vnder what degrees these Countries lye THe Seims lye under 48 degrees 8 minutes The Westpenmarques lye under 47 degrees 50 minutes The Iland of Belisle lyeth under 47 degrees 25 minutes The Iland of Heys lyeth under 46 degrees 48 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 6. Eygentlijcke afbeeldinge der Zeecusten van Bretaignē en̄ Poictou tusschen de Semse en̄ het eijlat van S. Martin mitsgaders alle eijlanden Clippen Bancken en̄ ondiepten daer ontrent gelegen hoemen die selve custen beseijlen en̄ alle periculen bequamelick schouwen mach Vraij pourtraict des Costes marines de Bretaigne et Poictou situez entre les Seemses et l'fsle de Re ensemble toutes les isles bancs
north 15 or 16 leagues Rocxent is a point of land well to be knowne for although you are a great waie from it yet you may see the sharp hillock of Syntra closter When Roxent is east and by south and eastsoutheast from you seven leagues then it sheweth thus Thus Rocxent sheweth being northeast from you 7 leagues A league east from the point of Roxent lyeth the Rode of Casâ—alis where you may lye safe from a northwest north and northeast winde at 12 or 13 fathome as drie as you will A great league east from Cascalis lyeth the point of S. Iulian or S. Giles S. Giles thereon standeth a strong castle and that is the north-point of the River of Lisbon and the north-chanel North-chanel of the said River goeth up the length of a bullets cast in by it To sayle in by this point you must sayle within a mastes length of the castle and keepe the north-land to Restiers and so to Lisbon commonly you anckor before the village of Bolin at 12 and 13 fathome but you must take heede that you enter not into the haven with still water and with an ebbe for it falleth verie strong upon the north Shops or Sops The chanel of S. Giles reacheth in e. by s and when you are within you must sayle e.n.e. and n.e. and by e. and when you come against the closter at Restiers then you must make somewhat towards the south-land otherwise you must hold all along the north-land as aforesaid To sayle into the Crake-chanel To sayle into the Crake-chanel then you must place Cascalis over the point of Roxent untill the steeple which you may see standing above the closter at Restiers commeth over against the white closter which standeth furthest from Restiers that is over against S. Katherines closter then goe in n. e. and n. e. by n. keeping these markes standing thus until you come within S. Giles point and so goe in along by the north-land of Restiers till you be within the castle and then anckor where you will with these markes you may sayle into out of the Crake chanel Or if you come from the west and will goe into Crake-chanel then place Cascalis over against the west-ende of Roxent and so sayle about the North-capes untill the towne of Lisbon be within two ships length of the south-side of the River and sayle in so n. e. n.e. by n. when you see the Sandbaye within S. Giles point then you are in a good waie Pascaarte vande Zeecusten van Portugal tusschen de Barlenges enÌ„ de C. de S. Vincente geleghen vertoonende nae't leven de ware geleghentheijt vande vermaerde Riviere van Lisbona hoemen die mitsgaders andere Zeegaten aldaer op enÌ„ afseijlen sal enÌ„ waermen op de selfde gewesten hem voor te wachten ende te hoeden heeft Carte marine des costes de Portugal situeez entre les Barlenges et le C. de S. Vincente representant au vif la vraije situation de la fameuse Riviere de Lisbone et autres Ports la environ comment en les navigant on se gardera de toutes inprofonditez bancx de sable et autrez perilz To laveere in the Krake chanel He that will laveere out of and into the Crake-chanel must leave the steeple aforesaid standing in the land a ships length southward a ships length northward from S. Katherines closter aforesaid and then turne everie boute and so laveere out in And goe not out of or into this chanel with a calme or an ebbe for it falleth verie stif over the east-ende of the Cachops If you will goe out of the Crake-chanel take good heede to the steeple when it commeth under the high-land then set it right west from the second white closter and goe on s w by s then the steeple will come upon the closter But if you must laveere out then looke well to your tyde for the streame falleth verie stif over the Cachops 〈◊〉 that with a calme it is dangerous to goe out and into this chanel but specially in sayling out with an ebbe for that falleth crosse over the Cachops therefore looke wel to it in calme wether II. To sayle to S. Vves or Setubal so to C. S. Vincent S. Vves point C. Spichel FRom Roxent to S. Uves point the course is s e by s 11 leagues It is a point well to be known because there lyeth a high round hill thereon also you see the upper part of the castle of Sizember upon a flatte hill as if it were a great gavel ende of a countrie-house Thus S. Vves point sheweth when it is east and by north from you 7 leagues S. Uves point is called Cape de Spichel right south about the point there is a rent or cloven place in the land there against it is good rideing at 9 and 10 fathome and before Sisember you may also anckor at 15 or 16 fathome Five leagues eastward from Cape de Spichel or S. Uves point lyeth S. Uves where there lyeth a great banck before the haven there standeth a white castle beneath the high land upon the water when it is n.n.e. from you then you are right before the chanel or haven He that will sayle to S. Uves over the banck comming down from S. Uves point he must keepe the west-point of Sisember a ships length without the east-point To sayle into S. Vves and so goe forward e. e. and by n. untill the castle of Palmelo which standeth above S. Uves commeth in a valley over the white castle which standeth upoÌ„ the water side then saile in right n.n.e. til you be within the castle which standeth upon the water and then within a cables length in by the north-land n.e. by e. till you are before the towne of S. Uves or Setubal But wheÌ„ the castle of Palmelo coÌ„meth under the land so that you can see it no more then there standeth a white house on the north-side of the castle that standeth upon the water side keepe that standing so runne in upon it till you be within the white castle and then goe along by the north-land as I said before till you be before the towne of Uves anckor before the Fishermens village at 6 or 7 fathome Upon the banck it is 3 fathome and a half water at half flood when you sayle over it you finde seven shallowe or drie places By the south-land also there goeth in a chanel but that is onely for barkes between this chanel the right depth the banckes in some places lye so drie that they lye almost above the water Now to goe over the deepest water in the banck of S. Uves as you sayle out with shippes that drawe much water when you set sayle from the white castle then set the white house over against the north-side of the castle so that you may see through them and hold it
east-side of the haven commeth in the middle of the chanel then sayle up upon it in the middle betweene both the lands and be readie with your boat if the winde should chance to whirle that then you might towe in then turne on the west-side before the brewhouse and anckor at 10 or 12 fathome for within it is a wide haven and you may as well anckor before the village as before the brewhouse There lyeth a blinde rock on the east-side of the haven of Dartmouth the markes to sayle out of the dauÌ„ger thereof are these there is a redde point east from Dartmouth which upon the water is black and in the redde there lyeth a white stone when the white stone is over against the black point then you are right over against the said rock which lyeth before the haven of Dartmouth but when you see the Kaye of the village then doe as aforesaid and you shall not sayle by the stone Four leagues east from Dartmouth lyeth the baye of Torbaye Torbaye Rode where you may anckor you must place the west-point s e and s s e. from you and there you lye safe against a southwest winde at 7 or 8 fathome On the east-side there is also a Tyde-haven where there is good anckor ground at 4 or 5 fathome as you are close by or farre from the land From Torbaye to Portland it is east and east by north 13 leagues About 5 leagues n. and n. by e. from Torbaye lyeah the creeke of Tops or Exmouth Exmouth where you may lye safe â—gainst a south-winde at 7 or 8 fathome good anckor ground on the south-side of the Single which lyeth before the tyde-haven of Exmouth so that the rockes of Totmanstone lye south and south and by east from you From Exmouth to Portland the course is e. s e. 13 leagues Betweene them both close by the land there lyeth an Iland callâ—d Cob. Thus the land sheweth betweene Goutstart and Torbaye Thus the land on the west-side of Portland sheweth when you sayle along by it Thus Portland sheweth when you come from the west Thus Portland sheweth when it is north and by west from you seven leagues Thus Portland sheweth when you come from the east As long as Portland lyeth west and by north from you then the east point is high and steepe but when it beginneth to come northnortheast from you then it lyeth as it were round to your sight and when it lyeth more easterly from you then the west-side is the highest and steepest V. Of manie depths and fashions of grounds which men finde when they come out of the Sea to seeke out the chanel betweene Heysant and the Sorrels taken out of the search made by Adrian Gerritson of Haerlem SOuthwest and by south from Seims seven leagues it is 72 fathome deepe The Seims and the ground is slopie white great sand as if it were wreathed small stones with small peeces of shelles graye flatte stones and white shining needles sayle from thence n. and n. by e. then you are in a good waie to Heysant The Seims About 2 leagues s w. from Seimes it is 52 fathome deepe the grouÌ„d is there white yellowe with some smal redde shelles manie graie ragged needles with some white shining points as if they were needles If a man found 70 or 80 fathome there they would judge it to be good chanel ground for it is white yellowe rough long sand The Seims Also w. s w. from the Seimes so farre from the land that you may see the Sheetes from the poope of the ship verie well there it is 54. fathome deepe the ground there is redde white yellowe and black peeces as if it were parings of cheese with some great redde sand amongst it West and by south 8 or 9 leagues from Seims at 65 fathome there the ground is white yellowe and some small redde shellie sand with some peeces of shelles which are not over great and with much white-yellowe long sand with small white points of needles such as men cast in the chanels Heâ—sâ—nt Seven leagues s w. from Heysant or thereaboutes where you may plainely see from the poope of the ship at 70 fathome there the ground is white yellowe great sand with some peeces of crampen some peeces of white thinne shelles some graye flatte hackled stones Southwest by west from Heysant about 19 or 20 leagues at 78 or 80 fathome the ground is white yellowe great sand with shining needles white peeces of crampen graye yellowe flatte stones and peeces as if they were of oyster shelles West and by south from Heysant 21 leagues at 86 fathome there the ground is redde yellowe and black with a litle white round sand amongst it shewing as if it were shel-sand But at 80 fathome 21 leagues west from Heysant the ground is yellowe and shellie with some graye rugged needles as if they were the endes of small rye Also at 80 fathome Heysant 24 leagues from Heysant w. by s the ground is rough sand with manie peeces of redde white yellowe and graye shelles and peeces of crampen or shelles From Heysant west 16 or 17 leagues at 75 fathome the ground is pale yellowe great sand with peeces of white thinne shelles and graye peeces of crampen or of oyster shelles and white shining needles Eight or 9 leagues from Heysant it is 70 fathome deepe the ground is redde yellowe white graye shellie sand with redde yellowe and black peeces of shelles small redde yellowe black graye litle stones and some white needles Fortie-eight Leagues w. by n. from Heysant and w. s w. froÌ„ Lezard 50 leagues or thereaboutes it is 95 fathome deepe the ground is redde yellowe and black sand with small white round shellie sand some small peeces of shelles or crampen and some small peeces of thinne shelles Thirtie three leagues w. by n. from Heysant 28 leagues s w. by s from Sorrels at 95 fathome there the ground is graye redde yellowe with black sand amongst it some darke redde peeces and pale yellowe peeces of shelles to conclude it is there small graye redde shellie sand and the best course from this ground is e. n. e. it is almost under the heigth of nine-and-fortie degrees Four-and-twentie leagues w. or w. by n. from Heysant and s by w. from the Sorrels 21 leagues at 80 fathome there the ground is white graye redde yellowe smal shellie sand with small redde and white peeces of shelles and to see to it is like ground mustard seed it is under the heigth of 49 degrees Seven or 8 leagues west and w. and by n. from Heysant at 68 or 70 fathome the ground is white yellowe small shel-sand with many graye curld needles amongst it About 31 leagues west somewhat northerlyer from Heysant at 90 fathome there the ground is small white rough long sand mixt with a litle redde
VVILLIAM IOHNSON DVVELLING upon the VVater by the Old Bridge at the Signe of the Golden Son-dyall Anno 1612. Heere followeth the Carde N. 20. CHAPTER I. THE DESCRIPTION OF the Ilands and Chanels lying betweene Vlieland and the Elve I. Of the Ilands of Vlieland and the Schellingh THe Iland of the Vlieland is three leagues long and is well to be knowne on the east ende there lie high white baÌ„ckes or downes but on the west it is flatte or lowe land On the west ende there standeth a church with a mill east froÌ„ it From the west ende thereof there shooteth out a Sand a good waie in to the Sea West Vlieland deep West from this rock betweene Vlieland and Eyerland there runneth in a chanel called the Wester gat or West-Vlieland-deepe but it is not for great shippes but onely for fishermen for therein there is not above 8 or 10 foot water At the east ende there standeth a mill with a cape which are markes to shunne the grounds that lye before the Vlie The east ende of the Vlieland and the west ende of the Tessel are distant from each other 8 leagues East from Vlieland lyeth the Schellingh which is about three leagues long The Schellingh upon it there stand four churches one chappel the westerlyest is a high flatte steeple called Brandaris which is well knowne by all Seafaring men About the middle of the land there stand two steeples the westerlyest is a statte steeple called Zeerip the easterlyest is sharp and is called Midland and east froÌ„ it there standeth a high speere steeple called the Horne and a chappel called S. Iohns On the east ende there lye high downes but not upon the west ende but one onely called the Lit betweene Midlands and the Lit it is lowe flat land On the west ende there standeth three capes or beakons the westerlyest is for Bomekins gat the easterlyest for the north gat or chane but the middlemost is for the Slencke which runneth from the Newe ligger through Peters sand into the Sea Thus the Iland of the Vlieland sheweth being about two leagues crosse from it Thus the Schellingh sheweth when you sayle along by it about two leagues from the land II. To sayle into the chanels of the Vlie and first of Stortemelck HOw you must sayle up and downe the Vlie streame and how you shall sayle out of all the chanels of the Vlie streame it is at large declared in the first Chapter of the first Book But how a man shall reach the said chanels without and sayle into them I will heere at large truly declare To sayle into Stortemelck that is the Land-deepe of Vlieland set the cape and the mill upon the eastende one against the other and sayle up upon it and so you shall finde the uttermost tonne lying at five fathome the cape and the mill shall then stand eastsoutheast and southeast and by east from you This uttermost tonne lyeth nearest to the north side yet you may well goe somewhat north about it for the north side is reasonable flatte so that comming out of the north you may sound it at five or sixe fathome till you be within the uttermost tonne The second tonne The Droghe drie called the tonne upon the Droghe drie lyeth east and east and by south from the uttermost at four fathome on the north side the right depth there against it is also four fathome with lowe water When you sayle in you leave that on the baghborde Betweene this tonne and the uttermost tonne it is not deeper upon the Droghe drie or drumpel then 16 foot with lowe water From the second tonne to the third the course is east and by north that lyeth on the north-side at five fathome but the right depth there against it is seven fathome you may sayle in all along by the strand of Flieland to this tonne without misdoing for it is all faire From the third tonne to the fourth or innermost the course is east and by north that lyeth at 3 fathome on the south-side that is at the point of the Sand which commeth off from the north-point of the Vlieland From the third tonne to this tonne you must leave the foot-strand of Vlieland because of the said Sand and runne north about by the tonne It is there in the chanel 4 fathome deepe at lowe water From thence forward to the tonne upon the Flat the course is southsoutheast or sayle forward by the foot-strand of the Vlieland to Langesand for that is all verie faire there in the chanel it is five sixe and seven fathome deepe III. The situation of Boemkens haven Be naminghe der plaetsen die op de Elve met letteren aengheweseÌ„ werdeÌ„ a De Schortonne b De Rostonne c De ton op de Meem d De Grutpot e De witte ton op de nieuwe gronden f De noord Elve Op de Weser enÌ„ Iaa a De ton op t hoost b De ton op't coers c De Mellum tonne d De ton op Bollenzÿl e De baeckenâ— op Bollenzÿl f De eerste ton op t Vlack g t Vlack h Cappelmans zandt i De Iaa ton k De Steenbalgh l De backens van't Wadt m Aenten oste Ieppe plaet In dese twee colommen weeden veaclaert de plaetsen die op de weser Jaa ende boyde de Eemsen met letteren aenghewosen werden De Eemsen a Geltsacx plaet b De Mieuwe steert c De wolden d Borckummer balgh e De Ransel f Steven Ianszoons ton g De Hondt h De Paep i Iannens sandt ofte Reydersant k Nesterlandt l Brouwers plaet m Memer zandt n T' baeken op de Hoghe horn o De ton op Conincx plaet p De ton op Hamburgher zandt q Memer Balgh Nieuwe beschrÿvinghe van alle de EylandeÌ„ ende Gaten der Zee die gheleghen zÿn langs de custen van Vrieslandt Groeningerlandt Embderlandt etc. van Vlielandt af tot de Elve toe nu nieulÿcx na harc JeaeÌ„woordighe gheleghentheyt perfectelÿck beschrevâ—◠〈◊〉 Willem lansz â—â— 1697 Van de Scholbalgh de Lauwers en de Schille a Tnoordwester gat vande Scholbalgh b Thooghe zandt c Tnoordooster gat d De Paerdemarckt e De Knockebalgh f Sÿmons zant g Bosch sandt h De zanden die van Rottum na den Bosch toe strecken Aenwysingh der namen van het Vlie Amelander gat de Scholbalch Lauwers en de Schille Vant Vlie enaâ— Amelander gat a. De Boomkes gronden b. Pieters zandt c. Den Bos d. De ton op den Bos e. De ton op Feyhoeck f. De nieuwe leggher g. De oude leggher h. Ielmers plaet i. De ton op Hobbezandt k. De ton op Speckhoeck l. De ton op de Plaet m. De nieuwe Ietting n. Coggedieys gronden o. Camper zandt p. De Plaet q. De ton op Gerritshonden r. De witte ton op de Plaet s Coggedieps gronden Description de toutes les Isles
cape and also a great flatte steeple called the Holmes Hoelum the roof of this church is broken off but the hindermost part of the roof with the gavle is yet on and standeth upon the side walles There was woont also a church to stand in the same Iland called Midland church but that is broken downe but on the east side of Holme church there standeth a mill with a house west from the mill also there standeth a broad towre There about where Midland church was woonte to stand there lye three or four downes which are lowe flat and somewhat long On the east ende it is knollie black land mixed with some white among it But quite upon the east ende there lyeth a faire high round white downe which is verie well to be knowne From the west ende of Ameland there reacheth a Sand almost three leagues into the Sea which is called Borneriffe Borâ—riffe And west from that riffe Ameland chanel goeth in This Borneriffe and the north points of Tessel lye distant from each other northeast southwest 12 leagues Thus Ameland sheweth being about two leagues and an half from it when you are oveâ— against it IF you will sayle into the Chanel of Ameland comming out of the Sea then set the cape which standeth upon the east ende of the Schellingh right against the steeple of Horne and sayle upon it and so you shall finde the uttermost tonne which lyeth at the ende of Borneriffe at five fathome lowe water Or if you come out of the west then runne upon the strand of the Schellingh at lowe water at five or five fathome and an half and so goe along by the strand and you shall sayle right upon the uttermost tonne Now when you come to the uttermost tonne then the cape and the steeple of Holme upon Ameland are also one against the other and stand then east and somewhat southerlyer from you but Horne church and the cape upon the Schellingh shall then stand southsouthwest from you From the uttermost tonne to the second tonne the course is east and a litle southerlyer or hold the church of Holme upon Ameland standing right against the cape sayle upon it from the first tonne then you shall not misse the second tonne which lyeth at seven fathome When you have the length of the second tonne then you are past the Coggie deepes grounds When you sound along by the Schellingh at four fathome then you shall not sayle under the Coggie deepes grounds Betweene the first and the second tonne it is five or sixe fathome deepe in the chanel From the second to the third toÌ„ne the course is east and east and by north Gerrits Honden or Dogges that is the tonne at Gerrits honden which lyeth at three fathome and an half lowe water You leave all these tonnes on baghborde when you sayle in for Borneriffe on the inner side is all shoring and specially Gerritshonden Now when you sayle from the second tonne to the tonne upon Gerritshonden Camper-sand then Camper Sand is on your starreborde and lyeth cleane drie you may sayle as close by it as you will Betweene the second and the third tonne it is nine and eight fathome deepe in the chanel When you sayle against Camper Sand you must put over from it to the tonne at Gerritshonden about eastnortheast to runne above the Plate which lyeth south from Gerritshonden The Plate for there betweene them both it is not wide Betweene Gerrits Honden the said Plate it is three fathome deepe at lowe water The Plate at the north ende is flatish so that there you may sound it with your lead When you sayle into or out of this chanel keepe good account of the streames and specially take heede of an ebbe for it fâ—lleth strongly crosse over this chanel northnorthwest over Borneriffe along into the Sea When you are above the Plate there lyeth a white tonne at three fathome The white tonne or sixeteene foot water which you must leave on starreborde and runne there east about it This white tonne lyeth distant from the tonne upon Gerrits Honden southeast past the tonne presently you finde deeper water as eight nine tenne and twelve fathome then goe forth southeast by east so long untill the steeple of Holme commeth over the south point of Ameland where the Scutes lye then you may goe into the bought where on the south side it is verie flatte there you may ancker at five or sixe fathome but on the north side it is altogether shoring This reach from the white tonne till you be in the boucht is 9 10 and 12 fathome deepe and on both sides is altogether shoring If you wil goe further into the Horsen then goe on from the bocht eastnortheast along by the south side at 5 or 6 fathome To sayle to the Horsen forward so long till that Heynoms chamber that is a redde tyled house be a handspake length north from Holmer church there ancker at 5 or 6 fathome there is good anckor ground and there you lye safe from all windes there also goeth a litle streame The north side is al shoring the chanel there is 12 fathome deepe Borneriffe without also is all shoring The situation of Bornriffe When you come out of the Sea you must goe no nearer to it then 12 fathome for then you shall not be farre off from it The whole Coast of Holland and Freesland a man may not goe nearer unto in darke wether nor by night then 14 15 and 16 fathome Warninge because of the grounds and Sands When you come out of the east along by Ameland you caÌ„not sayle under Borneriffe but if you runne along by it at seven fathome then you shall not goe a cast of a bullet outward from it A southeast northwest moone maketh a high water without in the chanel of Ameland and also upon the land VII The situation of Schiermonickooghe and how you shall sayle into Scholbalgh THe Iland Schiermonickooghe lyeth from the east ende of Ameland distant east somewhat northerlyer three leagues it is a lowe smooth Iland about two leagues long there stande no special markes upon it but on the west ende there stand two capes with a white downe otherwise they are all lowe blackish downes or hillockes but higher then upon the east ende mixed with white The east ende is a long flatte strand with lowe rugged downes Betweene Ameland and Schiermonickooghe the Scholbalgh goeth in Men were woont to goe in along by Schiermonickooghe but that chanel is closed up within and wholly spoyled Thus Schiermonickooghe sheweth when it is about two leagues crosse from you To sayle into Scholbalgh set the capes upon the westende of Scheermonickooghe one right against the other To sayle into the Scholbaâ—gh then they shal stand about e. s e. from you sayle upon them then you shall finde the first tonne which lyeth in the Sea at 7 fathome
lowe water From the uttermost tonne to the second tonne it is s e. it lyeth at 4 fathome on the south side as you sayle in you must leave it on starreborde and goe with a flood at the least e. n. e. to the third tonne which lâ—eth upon the point of the sand at 3 fathome but betweene this tonne and the second the chanel is dryest that is two fathome and an half at lowe water and that right without the third tonne the south side is faire and flatte and you may sound it but the north side is all shoring you must also look well to your streames for the flood falleth strongly southward crosse the lands and the ebbe contrarie When you are past the third tonne the course to the beakon upon the high Sand is south there it is deepe 7 8 and 9 fathome From the beakon upon the High sand sayle forth s s e. s e. and east all along by the beakons along till you be before Oostmerhorne and there anckor on the south side it is all steepe and deepe and verie white but the north side is somewhat flat Northeast chanâ—l West from the Horsmarket there goeth another chanel in where at lowe water you shall have but 8 foot deepe first it reacheth w. s w. and sometimes somewhat southerlyer but keepe along by the Horsmarket The Horsmarket specially with a south winde so you shall goe to the third tonne at the northwest chanel which lyeth upon the point of the chanel and so into the deepe leave that tonne on starreborde and goe forward southward to the beakon upon the high sand and there forth as you are taught before VIII Of the Iland the Bosch and how you must sayle into the Lauwers FOur leagues east from Schiermonickooghe lyeth the Iland of Rottum betweene them both lyeth an Iland called the Bosch which not manie yeeres since was wholly overwhelmed and washt awaie with a storme and is now againe by meanes that men have begunne to plant heath upon it growne up againe so that now there lye two or three faire townes upon it Betweene this Iland of the Bosch and the Ooghe the Lauwers goe in The the Iland the Bosch sheweth thus with two hillocks To sayle into the Lauwers ruÌ„ne in east close along by Schiermonickooghe Markes of the Lauwers There stand two towres in Groningherland whereof the smallest or the shortest is the loper or the innermost and is called Liens or Leens the longest or that which standeth nearest to the water is called Hoorhouses set the steeple of Liens a bowe length west from Hoorhouses then it will stand upon the foot strand of Schiermonickooghe keepe them standing so and runne upon the strand of the Ooghe for there you cannot miscarie before in the chanel it is wide and broade and at lowe water no deeper then two fathome and an half but when you are over the drumple then it is 4 5 and 7 fathome deepe and reacheth in s e. by s keepe upon the Ooghe side but beware you sayle not under the Knockbalgh Knockbalgh Symons sand which reacheth through betweene the foot strand of the Oogh and Symons sand yet keeping upon three or two fathome and an half you neede feare nothing for everie yeere it lesseneth much and is almost cleane spoiled but it is best along by the High sand on the east side there also you can gette no hurt Now when you are against Symons sand there both the sides of the land are shoring so that you cannot well sound them with the lead turne then somewhat southward up about Symons sand and anckor there at 7 or 8 fathome there it is good lying You must looke well to your streame for there it falleth strongly both out in IX To sayle into the Schille EAst from the Bosch goeth in the Schille If you will sayle into the Schille then place the two aforesaid steeples of Leens and Hoorhouses one right against the other and so ruÌ„ne upon the Boscher sand until you get drougth of the sand Boscher sand you may sound in al along west from Boscher sand and also east along to Rottum sand About a yeere or a yeere and an half since the chanel was almost 5 fathome deepe but now before in the chanel at lowe water no more then two fathome an half but being over the drumple or threshold it is 10 or 12 fathome deepe first it reacheth in s e. til you come to the drie sand that is the sand of the Bosch go in thereby e. s e. to that IlaÌ„d of the Bosch there you must sayle in close by the land for there it is verie narrowe betweene the Bosch and the Sands which come shooting off from Rottum the Bosch is verie shoring If you will anckor there Rode under Bosch then turne about right behinde the point of the Bosch there it is good lying at 6 or 7 fathome but if you will goe somewhat better in then turne off froÌ„ the Bosch when you are full past it and chuse the north side for that is faire and flat and that you may sound but on the north side there lye manie sands which you may sayle under Sayle forward along by the north side till you be behinde Rottum and there anckor at 8 or 9 fathome Rode behinde Rottum you lye there safe against all windes Whâ—n you will sayle into or out of this chanel looke well to your streame for it falleth strongly into and out of this chanel To knowe the situation of the steeples in Groninghe land you must understand To knowe Leens and Hoorehouse that when the steeple of Leens which is the shortest is a sparre length west from Hoorhouse then there commeth a high house just as much eastward from Hoorehouse as Leens is west from it so that then Hoorehouse steeple standeth just in the middle betweene them thâ—n you are right open before the Lauwers as I said before When those steeples aforesaid are one upon the other then they stand s s e. and somewhat southerlyer from you then you are right against Boscher sand But when Leens church leaveth that house and Hoorehouse steeple then you come against the Sands which shoote off from Rottum to the Bosch A southeast and northwest moone maketh a full Sea in these chanels or havens X. The situation of Rottum and Borcum and how you shall sayle into the West Eems Rottum THe Iland of Rottum is a small Iland almost a league and an half long and is verie easely knowne the west ende is high and steepe the rest is lowe downe land Upon the east ende there stand two capes or beacons the greatest or the loper standeth upon the east ende of the flat strand and the smallest standeth upon the south side of the downes there stand also two houses upon it the one upon the west ende the other in the middle of the land in a lowe ground Borcum is also
for small ships which will goe east about and reacheth in south Iuyst sand When you come out of the east then you may sound Iuyst-sand for without it is flat as I said before but without in the point of the said Sand there is a Sheare or Dodebalgh like two points where betweene them it is 3 fathome an half deepe A southsoutheast and northnorthwest moone maketh a high water in the East Eems XII Of the Ilands Chanels which lye betweene the East West Eems Buys EAstward from Iuyst lyeth the Iland Buys which is a short small Iland and upon all that Coast there is no Iland so litle as it is it sheweth like two hillocks the easterlyest is the highest and sharpest Betweene Iuyst Buys goeth in the Buys chanel the towne of Embden was woont to put tōnes in it but now it is no more done because it altereth so much Norderny Above a league and an half east from Iuyst lyeth Norderny but betweene them both lyeth the Iland of Buys This Iland of Norderny is knowne by a broad flat towre which standeth upon the west ende but sometimes you see but litle thereof About the middle of the land nearest to the east ende there lyeth a high white downe whereby you knowe it otherwise it is all uneven ground full of hillocks Betweene Norderny and Buys the Norther deepe or the Norderny runneth in Thus the Ilands Norderny and Buys shewe being about two leagues crosse from you Norderny Buys A league east from Norderny lieth the Iland Baltrum which is about two leagues long Baltrum and a litle shorter then Norderny There standeth nothing upon this Iland whereby a man may knowe it but on the east ende there is a high downe which on the toppe is sharp and the west ende is lowe downes When the aforesaid high downe is s e. by e. from you then it is round about to be seene at the westende there goeth a gulf through Betweene Baltrum Norderny the Wichtery rūneth in Wichtery which is a chanel whereof there is nothing to be written for it altereth manie times Anno 1606 it was 2 fathome an half deepe but Anno 1607 there was no chanel to be foūd of 4 or 5 foot water Thus Baltrum sheweth when it is about 2 leagues crosse from you The Iland of Langheroogh lyeth a league east from Baltrum Langheroogh it is four leagues long without it there is a faire strand it hath three or four downes whereby you may knowe it which lye from about the middle of the land to the west ende they lye a good waie one from the other and on the toppe are even flat Betweene Langheroogh Baltrum goeth in the Acumy Acumy within it there lye two tonnes but it is no chanel for great shippes it reacheth out by Langherooghe first n. e. and after somewhat easterly along by the foot strand of Langherooghe but there is no hold to be taken of it it altereth so often Thus the Iland of Langherooghe sheweth being about two leagues from you Betweene Langherooghe Wrangheroogh lyeth the Iland of Spickerooghe which is about a league long Spikeroogh On the east ende there was wont to lye a smal Iland which was wel to be known called Litle Spickeroogh but that is all washt and eaten awaie On Spickerooghe there standeth nothing to knowe it by but it is downie and hillie and black land like the other Ilands Betweene Spickerooghe Langherooghe the Oxebalgh goeth in Oxebalgh Thus Spikeroogh sheweth it self when it is about two leagues from you Wrangheroogh lyeth three leagues east from Langheroogh Wrangeroogh it is about a great league long it is a lowe white Iland but at the east ende there lye high broad white downes at the west ende the Earle of Oldenburgh hath caused a great thick towre with two speeres to be set whē they stand one against the other then you are by the uttermost tonne of the Weser you may see this towre with two speers in the Sea Betwene Wrangheroogh and Spikeroogh the Harrel goeth in The Harrel about southsoutheast it is also marked with two tonnes by the towne of Embden but it is not to be trusted for it altereth manie times and serveth not also for great ships Thus the Iland of Wrangeroogh sheweth when it is about two leagues crosse from you To conclude the land from Bornriffe to Wrangheroogh reacheth e. n. e. and w. s w. 29 leagues or as some saie 31 leagues But the chanels which lye there betweene the East Eems and Wrangheroogh are no chanels for great shippes nor we cannot write anie thing of them which may be trusted unto for manie times in short space they alter both in stretching depth XIII How men shall sayle up to the Iaa and West Weser IF you will sayle into the Iaa or West Weser with a south winde then rūne upon the strand of Wrangheroogh at 4 fathome but if the winde be westerlie then goe at 5 fathome so goe along in by the strand of Wrangheroogh at 4 or 5 fathome untill you be a good waie within or at the ende of the foot strand of Wrangeroogh there you shall finde the first tōne which lyeth at lowe water at 5 fathome then Menser church shall shand south from you Against this first tonne is the redde sand verie shoring which you leave on baghborde but the tōne on starborde When you goe in also against this first tōne there commeth a Sand shooting off from the south side which is the innermost point of Steenbalgh which you saile under at 3 an half or 4 fathome and the first tonne is layd upon this point of Sand. Steenbalgh This Steenbalgh goeth in east by Wrangheroogh the south side of this Balgh is shoring the north side is flat so that you may sound it In this Balgh it is 10 foot deepe at lowe water From the first tonne to the second and so forth to the third it is east The Iaa tonne The second tonne lyeth at two fathome and an half the third at 3 fathome that is the Iaa tonne which lyeth upon the entrie of the High waie The High waie It is verie uneven betweene the first and the third tonne you have twice a depth of 5 or 6 fathome and then againe two and two fathome and an half If you will sayle from the Iaa up to Weser Mellem tonne then sayle by the third tonne over the entrie of the High waie n. n. e. to Mellem tonne but you shall finde no more water there at lowe water upon the aforesaid drumple or entrie or by the third tōne then 10 or 9 foot when you are over it you shall get deeper water againe and then you are in the Weser but looke well to your streames for the ebbe falleth verie stif n. n. w. out of the Iaa Falling of streames to
soft ground then for certaine you have that of the Breebalgh or the west Till West Breebalgh or West Till keepe then the land on which side you will and goe so about by the grounds at 4 or 5 fathome by the lead and you shall finde faire and good rode under the sands so that you shall there lye safe from all windes This West Till first reacheth in e. s e. along by the north side it is deepest and on the south side when you sayle out you sayle not under anie Sands but as you goe in Now when you are somewhat within then it reacheth up southerly and there are several chanels where you may sayle through for such as are driven to doe it East Til. The East Till haven lyeth betweene the West Til and the Hondbalgh which runneth in at seven fathome the east point or the old Schor-horne which is a sand which reacheth farre out you may sayle under at 7 fathome when you will goe to the Elve This Till also as the other reacheth eastsoutheast in when you come first in but a litle further in somewhat easterlyer You may heere take which side of the land that you will for when you come in you shall there finde shelter among the sands for all windes and in this chanel it is not lesse then seven fathome water But the Hondbalgh Hondbalgh lyeth right west from the Shâ—ortonne or Schorhorne If you will goe in with small shippes to goe over the Wadt and sayle into the Weser then when you have the Schortonne goe in s s e. the Hondbalgh is indifferent wide but hold that course until you come against the beakons which you must leave on starreborde when you will goe up you may sound the Schorhorne from without cleane within but not the west side for there lye flattes which you may sayle under from without at 9 fathome but upon the Schorhorne you cannot miscarrie XVI Of the Iland of Holie land THe Iland of Holie land and the uttermost tonne on the Weser lye from each other south and somewhat westerlyer and north and somewhat easterlyer when it is faire and cleare wether then you may see Holie land when you lye in the Weser by the tonne at the Head But Holie land and Born-riffe lye distant s w. by w. and n. e. by e. according to the common opinion 32 leagues When you come out of the west and beginne to see Holie land it is a high reddish steepe point which is flatte upon the toppe If you will anckor under Holie land when you come out of the west then runne upon that land at 10 or 12 fathome As you sayle so to the south point and goe somewhat neare to the land you shall see a rock like a small steeple stand close by the high land which is called the Monck The Monck which is almost as high as the high land About s s e. and the third or fourth part of a league from this rock there lyeth a stone or rock under the water A rock under water but if you keepe at 8 or 9 fathome then you runne about without this Stone and cannot hurt yourself upon it when the Monck is covered by the other land then you are against that stone but when the said Monck commeth a handspake length past or without the other land there is good rode and there you may anckor at 10 or 11 fathome there it is faire ground all over cleane if it were not for wrackes of ships that have beene cast awaie or lost anckors whereof there are manie there when you be there at 9 10 or 11 fathome then you lye safe against a westsouthwest northwest north windes From the point whereby the Monck standeth there shooteth a smal Sand froÌ„ the land which you may sounde at 3 fathome You may also goe from the land at 5 fathome sayle safely from the rock aforesaid that is through betweene the rock and the sand but if you goe deeper at seven fathome then you shall sayle upon the rock But at 8 or 9 fathome then you goe without the stone From the north side of Holie land there reacheth also a bad sand almost a league into the Sea Holie land sand so that you may goe no nearer to the north along then at 9 or 10 fathome and when you will goe north about Holie land comming so farre that the east ende of Holie land is south and south and by east from you then sayle boldly to Scholvers point which is a flat point and that you may sound at 5 6 and 7 fathome For if there you will put off at 8 fathome then you must runne 3 leagues off from the land and the right chanel which is betweene the Hever and the Holie land is not above 9 or 10 fathome deepe Now when you come about the point into the rode and that Scholvers point is northeast and the Cliffe southwest from you there it is good anckoring at five fathome Scholvers point Scholvers point is the point where the south haven lyeth within reacheth from the high land about east into the Sea and from the uttermost ende of Scholvers point there reacheth a banck of three fathome to the point where the Monck standeth there within it is verie good lying for ships that drawe not much water and it is the south haven of Holie land A southsouthwest and northnortheast moone maketh there high water When Holie land is e. n. e. five leagues from you it sheweth thus When Holie land is north and by east from you it sheweth thus XVII How you shall sayle up the Elve HOlie land and the Schor-tonne that is the uttermost tonne of the Elve lye distant southeast and by east and northwest and by north When you come out of the west are past Holie land with a northerly winde then you may runne to the north ground without feare at 10 or 12 fathome for betweene Holie land and the sâ—uth ground or betweene the north ground and the south ground it is 20 fathome deepe along to the Elve but the nearer that you goe to the Elve the shallower water you finde When you are within Holie land finde shallowe water of the North grounds you may sound it all along to the Elve at 8 fathome for it is flat but the South grounds are verie shoring you may goe no nearer unto them by night then 10 or 12 fathome for if you goe nearer unto them then you may sayle under the West Til or Breebalgh at 10 or 12 fathome To sayle up the Elve you must understand that the North Elve which was woont to goe in north by the Newe grounds is now so much altered that you can hardly finde two fathome water in it but to the contrarie the South Elve southward from the Newe grounds is broken through with a faire depth so that Anno 1606 was tonned by them of the towne of Hamburgh as heereafter is
Countries and at what depths you may see the land THe Iland of the Vlie the Schellingh and Texel you may see at 15 or 16 fathome Against the Schellingh you have white Sand close by Peters sand it is 12 or 13 fathome deepe You must take heede of the grounds of the Vlie as of Bornriffe for they are verie shoring You may see Ameland at 12 fathome and it is verie farre flat at 12 and 13 fathome so that at 15 fathome you can not see it You may see Schiermonickoogh at 12 and 13 fathome and then it is about four great leagues from you You may see Rottum and Borcum at 14 and 15 fathome Against Borcum the ground is great redde sand with some black amongst it Iuyst may be seene at 13 and 14 fathome and three leagues from the land it is 12 fathome deepe Buys and Norderny you may see from the poope at 12 and 13 fathome Baltrum Langheroogh and Wrangheroogh you may see at 14 and 15 fathome About Holie land it is 7 8 and 9 fathome deepe that is on the inner side but without on the west side it is 15 16 18 and 19 fathome and at such depths you may see the Holie land What notable markes stand upon these Ilands whereby you may knowe them it is perfectly and at large declared in the description of them XX. How these lands are distant from each other FRom the Vlie to the northnortheast ende of the Broad fourteene the course is westnorthwest 8 leagues Petersand and Borneriffe lye distant about northeast and by east and south-southwest by west 4 leagues From Borneriffe to West-Eems e. n. e. about 13 leagues or as some will 15 leagues From Borneriffe to Wrangheroogh about 29 leagues From Borckummer riffe to Wrangheroogh e. n. e. 16 leagues From East Eems or Iuystriffe to Schortonne n. e. 20 leagues From Wrangeroogh to the Newe worke e. n. e. 8 leagues Holie land and Borneriffe lye distant n. e. by e. and s w. by w. as men commonly say 32 leagues or as some say 34. leagues Holie land Borkummer riffe lye from each other n. e. s w. Holie land and Langheroogh lye distant northnortheast and southsouthwest Holie land the uttermost tonne in the Weser lye distant from each other south and somewhat westerly and north and somewhat easterly But the tonne at the Head in the Weser and Holie land lie distant south and north 8 leagues Holie land and the Schor tonne or the Newe worke lye distant s e. by e. and n. w. by w. 8 leagues XXI How these Lands are distant from other Countreys FRom the Vlie to the I le of Silt in the Coast of Iutland northeast 47 fathome From the Vlie to Rincoper or Numer deepe northnortheast and somewhat easterlyer 59 leagues From the Vlie to Bovenberghen northnortheast and somewhat northerlyer about 69 leagues From the Vlie to the Sand at sixteene fathome north and by east 61 or 63 leagues From the Vlie to the Neus north by east 85 leagues From the Vlie to Schuytenes north and by west and somewhat northerlyer 107 leagues From the Vlie to Fairehill n. w. by n. 144 leagues From the Vlie to Hitland northwest and by north and somewhat northerly 152 leagues From the Vlie to Tinmouth or Newcastle w. n. w. 91 leagues From Borneriffe to the Neus north or as some saye somewhat easterlyer 83 leagues From the Eems to Bovenberghen north by east 60 leagues From the Eems to Flamborough Head west somewhat northerly 85 leagues From Holie land to Bovenberghen n. and by w. 50 leagues From Holie land to Hanglip in Hitland n. w. 147 leagues From Holie land to Boeckenes n. w. and by w. 123 leagues From Holie land to Lieth in Schotland west and by north and somewhat northerlyer 120 leagues From Holie land to Tinmouth or Newcastle west and somewhat northerly 107 leagues From Holie land to Scarborowe or Flamborough Head west and somewhat southerly 94 leagues From Holie land to the Holme before Iarmouth westsouthwest and somewhat westerlyer 72 leagues How Holie land lyeth distant from the Iuttish Ilands and from all the havens or chanels lying on Iutland you shall finde in the Chapter ensewing Heere followeth the Carde N. 21. Pascaarte vande westcuste van Juthlant ende Holsterlant vertoenende de gelegentheijt van de Reviren de Elve de Eijder enÌ„ de Hever Voort alle de futsche Eijlanden ende alle Zeegaten tusschen de Elve ende den Reefhorn geleghen met alle Sanden Reven ende Banck daer outrent alles gestelt eF zijne rechte streckinghen ende coursen Carte Marine de la coste occidentale de Futhlande et Holsterlande remostrant la situation des vivieres de l'Elbe Eijder et Hever en outre toutes les Mes de Juthie et embonchures de mer situeez entre l'Elbe et le Reefhorn Semblablement tous bancs de sable lieux areneux et dangereux entour lesdictes places le tout exactement pose selon ses vraÿes routes et distances A Westersijd B de Reefhorn C Dode bergh D Doel-santÌ„ E Schelling kroegh F Langhe legh G Wisdijc sant H Panu knut I Grauwe dieâ— K Harlsam L Reuck en Rust M Ameren bor N Nubal cylant O de Quade P Utto Q de Koebargh R Nieuwe gronden r Hecke sant S Blau oort ss de steert vaÌ„de hont T Vogel sant V Schorre horn U Nieuwe gronden W Ooster ende W. tijl X Myd plaets Y Ton opt hoost Z t'Rroode sant Z Steen balgh CHAPTER II. THE DESCRIPTION OF the Sea-coasts of Iutland and the Iutish Ilands lying betweene the Elve and Rifhorne I. To sayle into the South and North Pip. IN the Chapter before it is shewed how you shall sayle into and out of the Elve About seven leagues north from the Elve lyeth the Eyder but there right south lyes the North Pip and a league south from the North Pip lyeth the South Pip The South Pip. which lyeth right east from the Holie land and goeth in e. s e. at 5 or 6 fathome through the North grounds and at the north ende of Hodemer sand commeth into the flat streame whereon there standeth a beacon which you must leave upon the starreborde when you will sayle up into this haven The North Pip North Pip. as I said lyeth a league northerlyer then the South Pip and is seperated from the Eyder by a Sand which is called Blaweoort Blawoort or the point of the Hound which runneth off from the beacon upon the Hound and so farre inâ—o the Sea almost half waie to Holie land There right south the North Pip goeth in and reacheth in most part east and east by south to the beacon at the Hound Erom the beacon at the Hound to Hudemer sand it reacheth forward most s e. and s e. by e. you may sound it froÌ„ without cleane within along by the south side at 3 and 4 fathome as farre as within the beacon
there on starborde upon a drie sand called the Quade The Quade a drie sand right over against it coÌ„meth the North chanel into the right Hever The North chanel North-balgh commeth reaching in from the north about east and by north from Pielworme and commeth right upon the I le of Nubal whereon the Cowehouse standeth and you may sayle up northward or n. n. e. froÌ„ the Cowe house to the ende of the strand where there standeth a flatte church it is a deepe chanel You may also sayle from the I le of Nubal into the right Hever and then you come against the Quade againe into the right deepe as is aforesaid To sayle up into the Hever the course from the first beacon to the third is e. by n. sayle along by the beacons leaving them on starborde Betweene the first and third beacon on the north side it is all full of sands and flattes there you may sayle behinde them By the third beacon the South chanel South-balgh commeth into the Hever and commeth running off from the Iland Utto about n. e. by n. and reacheth from the northende of the I le of Utto into the Sea and it is above a league to sayle into the Sea From the the third beacon to the two other beacons the course is northeast and by east then you come to the Greene land which lyeth on starborde then it is a four squared chanel which is wide and broad you may there sayle in the middle of the water to Hoesem Hoesem just to the bridge or you may anckor where you will Without in the Hever the north side is shoring therefore keepe by the south side till you are within all the beacons The chanel is two fathome and an half deepe at half flood and it is verie farre flatte water There lyeth also a banck a good waie without the Hever which you must remember when you will sayle in A south and north moone maketh a high water there IIII. To sayle into the Small or Narrowe Chanel THree or four leagues north from the Hever lyeth the Small-deepe Small deepe He that will sayle from Holie land to the Small-deepe must goe northeast and by north runne upon the Grounds about west and by north from Pielworme then the south ende of Ameren will be north or there abouts from you then seeke for the south-side and sound about it you cannot doe amisse on the south side for it is a rising ground which lyeth farre without the land then sayle in north and by east northnortheast and northeast and by north then you shall finde a sand or raveling which you must leave on baghborde you may sound about by it untill you come in you must keepe the south side and sound about by it going in northeast and by north On the north side there lye manie sands and out-points but if you let the aforesaid shallowe lye on starborde then you come into a Dead chanel where at the beginning you shall have 7 fathome deepe but it runneth all on a heap to nothing And when you have sounded so farre about the aforesaid shallowe that you come against the south ende of Ameren then you may sayle under the north side for there commeth a sheare of the Wadt shooting off from Voren Then chuse the south side till you come against Voren V. To sayle into the Roode deepe or Silter chanel TO sayle into the Roode deepe or Silter chanel comming northward or out of the Sea you must runne in the sight of the Iland of Ameren and about the middle of the Iland of Ameren there lyeth a white round hill a litle higher then the other hillocks in a lowe plaine valley in that Iland place that downe or hill northeast from you Markes to reach the chanel and keepe it standing so and runne up upon it untill you be within the sand which shooteth off from the Foretrap and is commonly called Ameren borne Ameren Borne and you cannot faile thereon for then you shall have no lesse then three fathome water upon the point of the Sand and comming within the said Sand 11 12 or 13 fathome water Sayle so forward till the north ende of Ameren be north by east from you when you have these markes standing thus as aforesaid then runne upon the north ende of Ameren till you come within the drie sand there you may anckor where you will or sayle as farre in as you will and sound along by the sand The strand of Ameren also is a faire strand without sands which you may sayle under But when the said hill lying upon Ameren is e. n. e. from you and you should sayle up to it then you goe to neare the said sand of Silt. The hill then is divided into two partes and then the northerlyest is the smallest But if you will sayle into the Roode deepe or the Silter chanel coÌ„ming from Holie land To sayle into Silter chanel coÌ„ming out of the south see the land then set the northende of Ameren north and by east from you till you come betweene Ameren and Silt sand and then so in by Ameren strand till you be about the north point of Ameren so long till Ameren lyeth south and s s w. from you you may not sayle anie further into this chanel for then you come against the Iland of Vooren There lye two riffes or bad sands the one lyeth about w. s w. from Ameren and is drie above the water which is a great waie fâ—at at 3 4 and 5 fathome and by the Iutters is called the Borne or Ameren Borne Ameren Borne although it is not fast to Ameren for the Roode chanel goeth in there betweene them both It is not also fast on the Voortraps or the south ende of Silt although it coÌ„meth shooting off from thence for betweene them there goeth a Fishermans chanel into the Sea of a fathome and an half where the Fishermen goe daily out to fish specially they of the Iland of Vooren This is the uttermost Sand lying on the chanel such as use much to these places as to Repen and the places there abouts are verie fearefull of Ameren borne when they come from the Holie land and they finde this drie sand about w. s w. from Ameren The other Sand shooteth off from the south ende of Ameren The other Riffe Ameren reaching about south and south and by west into the Sea along by the land This also by manie is called the Borne or Ameren borne If you come from Holie land will goe north about you neede not feare this Sand for it shooteth out most by the land Thus the Iland of Ameren sheweth VI. To sayle into the haven of List ABout eight leagues north from Silter chanel there lyeth a verie faire haven called List which runneth in at the north ende of the Iland of Silt. To sayle into this haven of List comming
may well sayle up unles it be at a lowe water The depth runneth by Numits strand and when you keepe Numits strand whereon the beacons stand then you can not goe amisse but as soone as you put off from thence then you may sayle under the sands or sheares which reach off from the Wadt to the land of Numit therefore runne so long close by the strand of Numit Markes of the Sands till a church with a flat steeple which standeth about east from you against the high land of the Holme commeth on the south side of the high land then you are within the sands and outsands then you must leave the strand and goe in n. n. e. and n. e. by n. till there commeth a round hillock close south or right over against a blewe church which standeth upō the high land of the Holme then goe in northeast and by east till the aforesaid blewe church commeth against a Gentlemans house which standeth belowe close by the water in the lowe land then sayle north and north and by east till you be before Rincopen for there it is wide and broad The right depth there is two fathome and two foot Rincopen and the haven of Numen lye distant from each other four leagues North from Rincopen there runneth a River into the land whereon there lye two small townes the one called Hostebro Hostebro the other Huysbuy Huys buy they lye at least seven or eight leagues into the land Half a league south from Bovenberghen there goeth another small haven out of the Sea inward it is called Trosmond Trosmond chanel There stand two masts which you must hold one over against the other and so goe in within it there lyeth a village called Trosmond from thence you may sayle over the Wadt to Rincopen This haven or chanel is sometimes closed up and sometimes againe botes or crayers and small ships may goe out of and into it but it is reckoned for no haven III. Of the situation of Bovenberghen and the Holmen FRom Rincoper haven or the haven of Numan to Bovenberghen the land reacheth most north south 10 leagues and betweene them both it is all over a faire strand with white downes which are overgrowne with heath when you sayle along by it then you may see the blewe within the land of Rincopen called Holmes above over this land Betweene Bovenberghen and Reefshorne Bankes betweene Reefshorn Bovenberghen there lye some bancks of 7 8 and 9 fathome and some that are deeper Bovenberghen Bovenberghen is a long plaine hill in the middle having a round hillock or hill and upon this hill standeth a church with a steeple you may see the land at 13 and 14 fathome But if you come upon Bovenberghen to land then it openeth in three hilles it is a shoring steepe point the middlemost hil is the highest whereon standeth the church aforesaid with a flat steeple and on both sides of this hill there stand other churches which are not so high You may see the land at 13 or 14 fathome The ground is great redde sand with some small stones therein From Bovenberghen to the Holmen the land reacheth north northeast 9 or 10 leagues but it lyeth in a Creeke and it is black hillockie downish land overgrowne with heath and there standeth now and then a flat steeple in the land And there lyeth a banck of 10 fathome about five leagues from the land but it continueth not long Iutland Sand. Betweene Bovenberghen and the Holme from thence the Sand reacheth off from the land west into the Sea and when you goe over that Sand at 12 and 13 fathome then the Neus lyeth from you northwest and by north 24 leagues The Holmes Holmes is a plaine point which on the northeast side goeth shoring downe and in the middle upon this hill there standeth a four-square church without a steeple When that heigth of the land is southsoutheast from you and that you may justly see the north ende then it is 15 fathome deepe great rough sand with some stones amongst it A stonie banck north frō Holmes There lyeth a banck of stone like the Trindle of Lesou two leagues northeast or somewhat easterlyer from the north point of the Holmes that is betweene the north and the east points so that the two third parts of the water is almost betweene this stone-banck and the north point and the other third part betweene the east point the said stone-banck and there is not above 12 foot water upon it there hath some ships bin cast awaie upon it This east point East point lyeth about four leagues eastward from Holmes and is also a high shoring or sloping point as if it were Holmes Right against this east point there shooteth a Sand half a league into the Sea which you may sound about at seven fathome but as some say you may goe through betweene the land and this Sand. Thus the land betweene Bovenberghen and the Holmes sheweth when you sayle along by it two leagues from the land East point Holmes Bovenberghen South of Bovenberghen III. The situation of the Coasts of Iutland from the Holmes to Schaghen FRom the Holmes to Robbeknuyt the course is northeast nine leagues And right west from Robbeknuyt in the creeke to the east point there stand five churches with flat steeples which stand nearest to Robbeknuyt there lye also two blewe lands betweene the East-point and Robbeknuyt and there the land lyeth in a Creeke and chere also you see a cloven hill or downe before you come to Robbeknuyt It is there all along flatte strand East from Holmes there goeth in a water called Misdorp Misdorp and right west from the white Cliffe of Robbeknuyt there also runneth in a litle River whereon there lyeth a towne called Werlom Werlom Robbeknuyt is a high round hill and right upon the heigth of the hill there standeth a church with a sharpe steeple To knowe Robbeknuyt But east about from this point there goeth a great Creeke about to Hartshals Against Robbeknuyt it is verie farre flat for fifteene fathome depth is at least two leagues from the land And about four leagues from the land there lyeth a banck of nine fathome which reacheth along by the land And against Robbeknuyt there lyeth a stone or rock about a league from the land From Robbeknuyt to Hartshals Hartshals it is southwest and by west four leagues The land as I said before reacheth that waie with a creeke or bowing and there standeth a flatte steeple betweene them both but nearest to Robbeknuyt and there you see the high land of Laclowe over that high land Hartshals is a long plaine hill To knowe Hartshals on the east ende going somewhat shoring downe And right against Hartshals there lyeth a sandie or stonie ground about a quarter of a league from the land whereon some men saye manie ships have
been cast awaie but it is litle used From Hartshals to Schaghen the course is eastnortheast eight leagues The land east from Hartshals is altogether downie and hillockie land you may see the high land of Laclowe beyonde it and you finde along upon these Coasts no such plaine hilles as Bovenberghen Holmes Hartshals and Robbeknuyt A litle waie within the point of Schaghen there standeth a flat church with a flat steeple when this church is southsoutheast from you then there runneth a Sand or Flat off from the land and there you must put somewhat off from the land otherwise it is all shoring strand betweene Hartshals and Schaghen but you may sound that Sand about at sixe or seven fathome Upon the east ende of the outmost of Schaghen there standeth a fire beacon as if it were a sand beacon and when the church is south-southwest and by west from you then the fire beacon and the steeple are one against the other and then you are right against the Sand of Schaghen Markes of Schaghen sand which reacheth off from the point eastnortheast and east and by north almost a league into the Sea When you goe along by the land and goe under it at five or sixe fathome then you may sound the Sand but comming south out of the Sea you can hardly found it for it is shoring and then come no nearer unto it then 12 or 13 fathome To knowe by sure markes when you are past this Sand Markes to knowe that you are past the Sand. as well over the one side as the other then marke that as you come out of the west and the old church and the fire beacon are one against the other then you come upon the west side of the Sand but when you come out of the south or the east that old church is against or within the south ende of the village then you are upon the south side of the Sand. When the steeple and the fire beacon are south-southwest and by west from you then they are one against the other and then you are against the Sand as I said before and when the steeple is southwest and southwest by south from you then you are without or west from the Sand but when the steeple or fire beacō is westsouthwest and west and by south from you then you are within the Sand. This you may by night take by your compas marke it so to see whether you be within or without the Sand when the fire lighter maketh a cleare bright fire You may sette well on both sides of the Sand so that you may put off from it at 7 or 8 fathome Some saye that upon necessitie a man might goe betweene this Sand and the land at two fathome and an half About two leagues without Schaghen towards Hartshals Bancks betweene Schaghen and Hartshals two leagues from the land there lyeth a banck of 10 or 12 fathome and within this banck it is 16 17 and 18 fathome deepe Betweene Schaghen and Masterland or Norwaie it is all soft ground and the nearer to Norwaie the deeper water but when you come out of the Sond and are in the chanel and finde no ground at 18 20 and 22 fathome it is a signe that you are about Schaghen Sand. When you come out of the west about Schaghen and will goe to the Sond or to the Belt then take heede of the streame out of the Belt Of the streame out of the Belt for cōmonly it falleth out of the Belt towards Norwaie specially when the winde hath blowne a while east or northeast this streame by night or in darke wether will carrie you under Norwaie before you are aware thereof therefore be carefull thereof and gesse accordingly Thus the land betweene the Holmes and Schaghen sheweth when you sayle along by it Schaghen Hartshals Robbeknuyt IIII. How these places lye distant one from the other FRom the Dead hill or the Horne to Numans chanel or Rincoper chanel it is n. and by w. 7 or 8 leagues From Rincoper deepe or Numans chanel to Bovenberghen north and by west 11 leagues In general from Deadehill to Bovenberghen the land of Iutland reacheth n. by w. and s by e. 17 or 18 leagues From Bovenberghen to the Holmes n. n. e. 9 leagues From the Holmes to Robbeknuyt northeast 9 leagues From Robbeknuyt to Hartshals n. e. and by e. 4 leagues From Hartshals to Schaghen e. n. e. 8 leagues V. How these Countreyes are distant from other Countreyes FRom Rincoper or Numans chanel to the Vlie southsouthwest and somewhat westerlyer 59 leagues From Bovenberghen along by Iutland without the grounds to the Elve or the uttermost tonne south and by east about 51 leagues From Bovenberghen to Holie land south and by east and somewhat southerlyer about 45 leagues From Bovenberghen to the Vlie or Borneriffe southsouthwest about 69 leagues From Bovenberghen to the Foreland s w. by s 120 leagues From Bovenberghen to the Holmes before Iarmouth southwest 93 leagues From Bovenberghen to Flamboroughhead w. s.w 100 leagues From Bovenberghen to Scarborough westsouthwest somewhat westerlyer 100 leagues From Bovenberghen to the River of Newcastle or Tinmouth west and by south about 107 leagues From Bovenberghen to Buqunesse w. and by n. 107 leagues From Bovenberghen to the Neus n. w. by n. 24 leagues From the Sand at eighteene fathome to the Vlie south and by west 61 or 62 leagues From the Sand at eighteene fathome to the Heads at Calis southsouthwest about 120 leagues From the Holmes to the Neus n. w. 19 or 20 leagues From the Holmes to the Vlecker n. w. by n. 19 leagues From the Holmes to Mardon north 24 leagues From the Holmes to Langhesond n. by e. 28 or 29 leagues From the Holmes to Farder n. n. e. 36 leagues From Schaghen to Tinmouth w. s w. 136 leagues From Schaghen to the Neus west 33 leagues From Schaghen to Vlecker w. and by n. 25 or 26 leagues From Schaghen to Reperwick west and by north and westnorthwest 24 leagues From Schaghen to Mardon n. w. and by w. 20 or 21 leagues From Schaghen to Langhesond northwest and by north or a a litle northerlyer 21 leagues From Schaghen to Fardero n. and by w. 21 leagues From Schaghen to Ottrum n. and by e. 23 or 24 leagues From Schaghen to Masterland e. n. e. 12 leagues From Schaghen to Nydingh e. and by s 15 or 16 leagues From Schaghen to Waersberghen e. s e. 19 or 20 leagues From Schaghen to the Trindle southeast 8 leagues From Schaghen without the Trindel s e. and by e. 8 leagues From Schaghen to Lesou or the northende of the Sand southsoutheast 8 leagues Heere followeth the Carde N. 23. Pascaarte vande Belt verthoonende de Oostersche Zeecustē van Iutlandt de gelegentheijt vande Melversondt Wedersont Jtem aller Eijlanden Jnwijcken Droochten Reven ende Sanden En hoemen in 't beseijlen van die Gewesten
hem voor alle periculen hoeden ende wachten sal Carte Marine de la Belt representant les rivages orientaulx de Juthlande la situation de la Melversonde et Wedersonde auecq toutes les Isles et goulphes seicheresses bancs de sable et lieux dangereux et comment navigant en ces quartiers on se gardera et evitera touz perilz et dangiers CHAPTER IIII. THE DESCRIPTION OF the Belt VVedersond and Melversond and of all the Ilands lying thereabouts I. The situation of Lezou and the Trindle and how you shall sayle from Schaghen to Seebuy FRom Schaghen sand to Lezou the course is s s e. eight leagues The situation of Lesou Lesou is a foule Iland which is round about flat and compassed about with manie banckes sands shooting out At the south ende it is but two fathome deepe above two leagues from the land and from the south ende whereon the church standeth there shooteth a Sand into the Sea two leagues and an half which you may anckor under safe against a s s e. winde Also on the other side of the south ende there shooteth off a sand so that when the aforesaid flat church is east and northeast from you there you cannot see the land when you are within a league of it but you may goe so neare to the north ende that you may lye at anckor under it safe against a south winde at 3 4 and 5 fathome From the north ende also there shooteth off a sand to the Trindle but you may sound it about at three or four fathome through betweene Lesou and the Trindle Trindle The Trindle lyeth northeast or somewhat northerlyer from the northende of Lesou about two great leagues from Schaghen sand southeast and northwest eight leagues It is stonie sand ground about 4 foot deepe and about sixe or seven akers of land great reaching along by the chanel of the Sea On the north side alwaies there lyeth a tonne whereby men may know it a farre off You may sayle well through betweene Lesou and the Trindel and the nearer to the Trindel the deeper water and the nearer to Lesou the flatter shallower Close by the Trindle it is 5 or 6 fathome deepe Zeebuy But to sayle from Schaghen to Seebuy the right course is south and by west 7 leagues When Schaghen lyeth about n. w. and by w. from you and that you are a league from it there it is 17 and 18 fathome deepe and when Schaghen is west and west and by south a league or a league and an half from you there it is 34. or 35 fathome deepe And come no nearer to Schaghen by night then 14 or 15 fathome Now when you wil sayle from Schaghen to Seebuy then you goe by the small Helmes Small Helmes lying south and by west 4 leagues from Schaghen and if you will goe into the Belt then you leave them on starborde going all south and by west to Zeebuy And he that will anckor under the Helmes Rode under the Helmes comming off from Schaghen he must runne to the land at three fathome and runne in betweene the strand the Helmes untill he be within the rockes there you may anckor or goe through at three fathome along by the foot strand and when the rockes of Helmes are east and east and by north from you there is the Rode at four and four fathome and an half The Helmes are three Ilands the southerlyest the Iutters call the Dien or the Dee the middlemost Holmes and the northerlyest the Grasholme and by it there lyeth another litle Iland You may sayle through betweene the southerlyest and the middlemost but nearest to the southerlyest Iland there is betweene them four fathome water The best Rode to lye in for litle ships behinde the Helmes is betweene the middlemost and the southerlyest Iland a litle nearer the ferme land then the Ilands but for great ships the best lying is by the Grasholme Betweene the Holmes and the ferme land in the faire-water it is at the least three fathome deepe When you come on the south ende of the rockes there runneth a Sand off from the Helmes to the strand Sand of the Helmes called Boutferriffe or sand where the great stones lye upon the strand but keeping at three fathome you can doe no hurt upon this sand and you may so goe out againe at the south ende of Zeebuy A league east from Helmes there lyeth a heape of stones which you must beware of when you will goe into the Belt A shippe that goeth not deepe may sayle round about the Helmes for there at the least it is three fathome water In the chanel betweene the Helmes and the north ende of Lesou it is 10 fathome deepe soft ground Depth betweene the Helmes Lesou and before Zeebuy in the rode it is 4 and 5 fathome deepe Lesou lyeth about four leagues from Zeebuy On the west side of Lesou lye the Dwalegrounds which lye north from the aforesaid Sand which shooteth off west into the Sea from the south ende of Lesou whereon the flatte church standeth These Dwalegrounds are verie uneven of 3 4 5 and 6 fathome deepe and within Zeebuy there are also flat grounds of 4 5 and 6 fathome The chanel betweene the Dwalegrounds and the flattes of Zeebuy is seven and eight fathome deepe II. To sayle from Zeebuy to Aelborgh and Stevenshooft To sayle into Aelburgher chanel or haven FRom Zeebuy to Aelburgher chanel the course is south by west 7 leagues On the north side of the chanel there standeth a flat steeple called Hals in the chanel there lyeth a tonne and upon the south land there stand two capes which you must bring one against the other and then you finde the tonne The haven first reacheth in w. and by s about a cables length then you goe n. w. and by w. right up to Hals and goe in by the north side till you be against Hals for from the south point of the land there commeth a Flatte shooting off which you must shunne being against Hals you must then goe s w. by w. to the bocht or hollowe ground and in the crooking you must shunne the north side somewhat then goe northwest and by west againe along to the second crooking then s s w. and then w. s w. to the towne Before in the haven at the tōne it is two fathome deepe and there within a litle while after five or sixe fathome but to sayle into it it is best to take a Pilot. By the south side also there goeth in a chanel of 6 or 8 foot deepe The towne of Aelburgh lyeth four leagues upwards in the River within the land also west along by these Coasts there lye some bancks there you must shunne the land somewhat When you sayle from the Helmes to Stevenshooft through betweene the Dwalegrounds and the Flats of Zeebuy then you finde flat grounds about half waie betweene
Stevenshooft and Zeebuy of 5 6 and 7 fathome This shallowe is called the Sweteringh The Sweteringh lying above two leagues eastward from Aelburgher haven and the chanel there betweene them both is about 10 or 11 fathome deepe From Aelburgher haven to Haselin the course is southeast and by east about twentie leagues From Aelburgher haven to Stevenshooft Stevenshooft the course is s e. and by s about nine leagues There betweene them both the land lyeth in a great Creeke wherein the two townes called Mariacker and Randersen doe lye Mariacker Mariacker lyeth from Aelburgher haven south and south and by west four leagues and from Stevenshooft five leagues Betweene Mariacker Stevenhoofr lyeth the River of Randersen Randersen which runneth crooked about so farre up into the land to the towne of Schandelburgh where the King of Denmarke hath a great fishing and also manie times commeth there to hunt Thus the land and the church of Aelst sheweth two leagues and an half east from Aelburgher haven Aelster church Melver hill III. To sayle from Stevenshooft to the Ilands of Syro Wero and Sampso and forth through the Wedersond to the Melversond FRom Stevenshooft to Haselin the course is e. s e. thirteene leagues and Haselin Haselin without is full of foule Sands and grounds you shall finde further and larger description of Haselin and Anout as also of the foule waies and shallowes lying thereabouts in the tenth Chapter of this Book Right south from Stevenshooft lyeth a litle towne called Oruntbuy there lye the Chalck grounds right before the River of Grimsond in a Creek right about the point of Stevenshooft Oruntbuy Chalk-grounds that is a sand two or three foot water deepe but not farre from it it is 10 fathome deepe you may sound it at 4. fathome You may sayle up the Grimsond Grimsond to Grimsteed which is a lading place of Boeyers From Stevenshooft to Great Helmes Great Helmes the course is s s w. about 7 leagues The land from Stevenshooft to the point of Ebeltud reacheth s s.w seven or eight leagues Ebeltud Ebeltud is a litle towne lying against the Great Helmes inward to the land Betweene the Great Helme Iutland it is 6 and 7 fathome deepe Close by Stevenshooft and the point of Ebeltud it is 8 9 and 10 fathome deepe The great Helme hath two Sands one upon the north side and the other upon the south side From Stevenshooft to Siero Siero the course is s s e. 8 leagues North from Siero lyeth a land-losse ground divided into two Sands Sands of Siero which you must shunne These two Sands in some places lye above the water From the Great Holme to the Iland Wero The Iland Wero the course is n. n. w. and s s e. four leagues and there it is 4 or 5 fathome deepe The situation of Kayholme and Samps From Wero there runneth a shallowe to Kayeholme and about Kayholme and also about the Ilands Samps it is all full of drie grounds and they runne all to the great Iland Sampso From Great Holme to the Iland Sampso Sampso it is s w. and n. e. four leagues Sand of Sampso From the north ende of Sampso there shooteth off a Sand north into the Sea there you may sound close about to come into the Rode of Sampso when you will anckor there there at the Rode it is 10 fathome and under the Swan grounds you lye safe from all windes From the south ende of Ebeltud to Aerhuysen Aerhuysen the course is west and west and by south five leagues there it is all flat water that is 2 and 3 fathome deepe He that will anckor in the Rode before Aerhuysen let him bring the great steeple in the middle betweene the two other speeres there is the best ground and good Rode at 3 4 or 5 fathome so drie as one will South by Aerhuysen the Wedersond Wedersond goeth in between Iutland and Sampso he that will sayle into it must be wel acquainted there with for there it is all full of Sands and shallowes and also by night you can not use the chanel because of the sands and shallowes and by daie also you must looke well about you and spare not your lead but you may anckor and lye at rode there all over When you will sayle through the Wedersond To sayle through Wedersond comming from Great Holme or Ebeltud then leave the Iland Tons Tons and the Swan grounds on baghborde running forth all along by the coast of Iutland at 2 or 3 fathome till you be past Horsens or the Iland of Endelau which Iland of Endelau a man may not goe neare unto on the west side because of all the grounds which lye on the west side thereof Betweene Endelau Endelau and the firme land it is narrowe water stretching from Wedersond south through the Swan grounds Swan-grounds on both sides it is drie it is but a chanel to sayle through When you come off from Melversond will sayle through the Wedersond it is best to runne along by the Iutland side till you be against the River of Horsens there you must then put somewhat off from the land sayle upon the I le of Tons then you goe through betweene the North and South grounds leaving the I le of Tons on starborde When you are past Tons then you must goe out close by the north point of Sampso to the land of Ebeltud it is altogether one course from Horsens to Tons and forth to Sampso and the point of Ebeltud that is altogether northeast and southwest 8 or 9 leagues Frō Horsens or the Iland Endelau to Melversond Melversond the course is s s w. 7 leagues Melversond is a deepe Sond of 20 and 25 fathome and is verie crooked to goe in It goeth in betweene Fuynen and Iutland which are two high lands From the Iland Ebelo to Melversond the course is southwest and southwest and by south five leagues From Sampso Rode to the I le of Ebelo Ebelo the course is s s w. and s w. and by w. five leagues And from the south ende of Sampso to Ebelo the course is s w. and by w. four leagues Frō Sampso to Roems Roems the course is s e. n. w. 5 leagues The northwest Coast of Fuynen reacheth south-southwest and by west 8 leagues The Iland of Ebelo lyeth a league from it yet you cannot goe through betweene it and Fuynen it lyeth right before Bowens South from the Iland there lyeth a great stone or rock under the water betweene this Rock the Iland lyeth the Rode before Bowens Rode before Bouwens at 8 or 9 fathome IIII. To sayle from Syro and Wero to Langheland and forth about Fuynen to Melversond also along by Zeland to Golversond BEtweene Syro and Wero lyeth a bad sand long broad Haters Sand. reaching further then
Meun Meun the course is northnortheast eight leagues but from Bout to Meun it is northeast about seven leagues Rode under Meun From Golversond to Meun the land lyeth in a Creeke there you anckor safe against a northeast north northwest and west windes at five or sixe fathome If you come out of the Sond and will goe south from Meun you may goe as neare Meun as you will and loose westward up by the point and anckor where you will at 5 or 6 fathome On the north side of Meun you may also anckor at sixe fathome behinde a Sand which shooteth off from the north-point against an east south southwest and west windes it is there all flatte and good ground From Meun to Steden Steden it is northwest and by north four leagues Betweene them both the Wolfsond or the Wolf chanel goeth in Wolfs chanel it runneth by Werdenburgh and Nestvelt and through the Golversond out at the Belt II. To sayle from Melversond out of the Aelse to Langheland MElversond and the Iland of Areu are distant southsoutheast and northnorthwest as I said in the Chapter before To sayle from Areu to Melversond out of the chanel of Aelsche then goe from Areu or Toreu to Roen east and by south above two leagues and so forth betweene the Iland and Fuynen that is north along by the Roen for you can not goe south by it The Roen The Roen is a badde shallowe Sand which shooteth off from Aelsen where it is fast and the outtermost ende lyeth drie as if it were Anoulter Sand. From Roen to Arr or Copingh the course is southeast and by east five leagues From the southeast ende of Aelst there shooteth off a great Sand to Arr which is called the Poelsche Sand Poelsche Sand. you must runne betweene Arr and the Sand and leave two parts of the water on the Aelsche side and one part towards Arr and runne so upon the south ende of Langheland untill you come against Copen From Arr to the southende of Langheland the course is southeast and by east and southsoutheast four leagues and from the Poelsche sand to the south ende of Langheland the course is west and by south seven leagues You may runne through betweene Langheland and Arr north about and come into the Belt againe by Nyburgh From the south ende of Langheland to Tassing it is north and by west seven leagues You may sayle about Tassing on both sides The situation of Tassingh and leave Arre and the foule grounds sidewaies from you upon the grounds it is no deeper then sixe fathome Betweene the said grounds and Fuynen you may also runne forward into the Aelsche chanel to the Ilands of Areu and Toreu as I said in the Chapter before III. The situation from Areu off to Apenrade Flensburgh and so to Femeren FRom the I le of Areu to Apenrade the course is southsouthwest five leagues the chanel or haven of Apenrade is an open wide chanel Apenrade chanel and thereon lyeth the aforesaid towne of Apenrade From the River of Apenrade to the crooking of Sonderburgh which goeth in betweene the Iland Aelsen and the firme land the course is east two great leagues there you may sayle through behinde the Iland of Aelsen about to Sonderburgh so into the haven of Flensburgh Betweene the Iland and the firme land it is verie narrowe crooked but when you are through the narrowe and crooked waie into the chanel of Flensburgh then it is wider and broader The chanel of Flensburgh Flēsburgh chanel goeth in betweene Sonderburgh and Holsterland it is a wide chanel if you will sayle into this chanel you must take good heede of the Holster side when you beginne to come betweene both the lands and runne in along by the land of Aelst for from Nubel or Holsterland the Chalck grounds Chalck grounds reach half over the chanel This chanel reacheth west and by south till you come before the River Before upon the River there lyeth an Iland on the right hand there you must goe in east and runne west and by south and west till you come within the crooking of the River and then you must goe south up againe then you may see the towne of Flensburgh lye before you South from the chanel of Flensburgh there lye three Rivers or chanels more where great shippes may goe in that is the Sleye Nilhofvoert and the Kiel from Flensburgh to the Kiel the land reacheth s s e and somewhat easterlyer 7 leagues From Sonderburgh to the Sleye The Sleye the course is s e. and by e. 4 leagues This is a deepe wide chanel first reaching in about west and when you are within then it runneth by Sleeswick Sleeswick about s e. and by w. there also come manie great ships out the towne of Gottorp Gottorp also lyeth upon this River Between the Sleye and the Kiel lyeth Nihofvoert Nilhofvoert and upon it there lyeth a towne called Eckelenford The Haven of Kiel is a great wide haven it reacheth in about s e. a great ship may goe into it Kill haven From Kiel to the west ende of Femeren Femeren it is e. n. e. eight leagues From the Poelsche sand to Femeren over Colbergher Heyde Colberger Heyde the course is e. s e. 13 or 15 leagues but from the south ende of Langhesand it is s e. and by e. seven leagues The chanel betweene Femeren and Laland is 5 or 6 fathome deepe You may sayle round about Femeren there it is flat ground you may runne through betweene Femeren and Holsterland at 8 or 10 foot water there lyeth a towne called Heyligher Haven Heyliger haven where you may ancker with flat bottomed ships to lade wheat or barley IIII. To sayle from Femeren to Lubeck and so forth along the Coast from Mekelenburgh to the Ielle FRom the Iland of Femeren to Gester Sand the course is e. and by n. about 11 leagues but from Femeren to the Trave of Lubeck Trave of Lubeck it is s s w. eleven leagues There goeth in a good chanel for great ships and it is 12 foot deepe upon the banck There is also a great Creeke a good Haven where you may lye safe against al windes except a n. e. a n.n.e. winde From the Trave of Lubeck to Gester sand the course is n. e. and s w. about 19 leagues From the Trave of Lubeck to Wismar haven the course is first n. e. and by e. and then e. n. e. there goeth in a good chanel for all kinde of ships To sayle into Wismare haven To sayle into Wismar haven place the steeple which standeth upon the south land south from you and so sayle in untill the steeple standing on the east land by the easterly house be against five or sixe houses and by those houses stand some trees together from the east ende there commeth a Sand shooting off
31 or 32 leagues From Luseroort to Houburgh west and by south and somewhat southerlyer 40 leagues From Luseroort to the point of Alant or the Ilands northnorthwest 59 leagues From Dageroort to Ostergarde southwest and southwest and by south 37 leagues From Dageroort to Righshooft southsouthwest 80 leagues From Dageroort to Goetsche Sand southwest and by west 27 leagues From Dageroort to Boechschaer west and by north 21 leagues From Dageroort to the point of Aland or the Ilands northwest 24 leagues From Dageroort to the haven of Abbo or Wtoy northwest by north 20 leagues From Sibrighsnes to the haven of Abbo or Wtoy northwest 20 leagues From Oetgesholme to the haven of Abbo northwest and by west 27 leagues Heere followeth the Carde N. 27. Beschijvinghe vande wonderlijcke gebroocken custe van Oost-Vinlant Jtem vande noordelijcste deelen van Lijflant ende de custen van Ruslant aen't uijterste vande Ooster 〈◊〉 geleghen Hoemen alle plaetsen aldaer beseijlen enÌ„ alle sorchelijcke clippen viiijlen enÌ„ ondiepten schouwen sal Description de ládmirable et entrerompue eoste d' Oost finlande Jtem des parties Septentrionales de Lijflande et des costes de Russie situez a la mer de Finlande monstrant comme en navigant lelong desdictes costes on ij evitera tous escueils et lieux perilleux CHAPTER VIII A DESCRIPTION OF the Sea-coasts of Lyfland Russia and Finland from Revle to the Narve and Wyborgh and from thence to Alants Haf I. The situation betweene Revle and the Narve IN the former Chapter it is shewed how you shall sayle from Nargen to Revle before the towne and also to the Iland of Wolf From the Wolf to the Iland of Wranger I le of Wranger the course is east and by south but going outward about it is east and by north seven or eight leagues Under Wranger there is good Rode and good anckoring on both sides and all over good anckor ground But on the southside from Wranger lyeth a long small Iland which is rockie and foule Northwest and northwest and by north about a league from Wranger lyeth a rocke and about two leagues from Wranger lyeth also another litle Iland From Wranger to the Eecholmes Eckholme it is east and east and by north thirteene leagues Betweene them both lyeth a foule point upon the Coast of Lyfland which you must shunne for there lye manie Rockes off from it otherwise all the Coast of Lyfland is verie faire all along to the River of Narve Betweene this foule point aforesaid and the Iland of Eeckholme there is a faire Creeke upon the Coast of Lyfland Rode unner Lyfland where you may anckor safely against a southeast winde The Eckholmes also are faire round about and under them it is good rode From the Eckholmes to Telsborgh it is east and west sixe or seven leagues Northward from Telsborch Telsborch in this chanel there lye verie bad grounds and rockes Hooften or Huften called the Hoften which round about them have verie foule and bad shallowes which you must shunne but the Eckholmes as also the coast of Lyfland are faire you may sayle within half a league along by the coast of Lyfland and leave these shallowes and shelfes on the left hand From Telsborch to the Narve in the Rode it is east and by south sixteene leagues To sayle to the Narve north froÌ„ the Hufâ—â— To sayle from Wranger north from the Hoften to the Narve the course from Wranger to Highland is eastnortheast and east and by north three-and-twentie leagues From the Great Hooften there commeth a shallowe shooting off westnorthwest into the Sea which is at least two leagues long which is called the Chalcke grounds Chalke grounds you must take heede of it The Small Hooften Small Hoften also are full of Sands and Rockes so that you can hardly sayle through them for those foule Sands and Shallowes runne all from the Tutters Tutters along Lyfland nere the east ende of Eckholme Tutters lye from High land southsoutheast two leagues distant and northwest and by west from Highland about four leagues from the land there lyeth a Rock under the water which is no deeper then two fathome From Highland to the Rode of the Narve The Rode of the Narve the course is southeast thirteene leagues and then you must goe through betweene Highland and Tutters and likewise when you sayle from the Rode of the Narve northwestward then you goe through betweene Tutters and Highland To sayle into the Narve If you will goe into the Narve you must place the woodeÌ„ towre with the mast right upon Narve castle and so goe into the haven The land of the Narve is knowne by the round hilles which lye on the south side of the Rode Thus Eckholme sheweth when you sayle along by it Thus Thusten sheweth southwest and by west from Highland Thus the Iland of Highland sheweth Thus the land east from Narve sheweth when you come from the Highland II. To sayle from Wranger and also from the Narve to Wybergh ABout two leagues north from Wranger lyeth a litle Iland full north from that Iland toward Highland is the course somewhat more easterly then eastnortheast three-and-twentie leagues then you runne full north Highland Highland is about three leagues long and hardly a league broad it lyeth in length southsoutheast and northnorthwest to them that come out of the west it sheweth with three hillocks on the north and east side it is full of trees On the east side a litle about the north point is there a litle Creeke by a boores or husbandmans house there is faire ground and good lying against west windes A certaine space southward from thence not farre from the shore lyeth a great stone above the water On the north ende also on the west side to the southwest point it is wholly faire ground and good lying From Highland to the Sommers that is a litle Iland the course is east and by north seven leagues A litle east from the Iland Sommers SoÌ„mers there lye certaine rockes above the water but you may safely sayle through betwixt the rockes and the Iland From Sommers to the Goeschare or which is all one thing the great Fisher Goeschare or the great Fisher is the course ful northeast distant seven leagues The great Fisher is a lowe Iland consisting of seven rockes joyned together therefore it is also called the Seven-rockes and when you first descrie it it appeareth with four hillocks as if it were four lowe Ilands From the great Fisher to the litle Fisher The litle Fisher. is the course northeast by east distant four small leagues Round about both the Fishers you may seeke and finde Rode for both of them are verie faire but that on the south side of the great Fisher there lyeth a blinde rocke about a peeces shotte from the shore when the water is not wholly calme but
there westward the chanel of Aboo goeth up first it reacheth in north and north by east about three or four leagues and then you come against an Iland along by that great Iland The chanel of Abbo and then it reacheth forward northeast to the haven of Aboo and Aboo lyeth at the ende of that foresaid great Iland From Utoy to the uttermost Iland of the Alandsche Haf it is west east nine leagues there lye three Ilands called Ercke Ercke Castleholme Castleholme and Corpo Corpo Ercke is the outermost from the Alandsche Haf and from thence Corpesond goeth in and goeth along northeast by Corpe Corpe lyeth within the other Iland and from Corpe you may strike over to the haven of Abbo which cōmeth running from Utoy You may also sayle up this haven about behinde Lipland Corpsond and come so out into the Northbodem Betweene Uxe or Bostle and the Ilands of Aland the Alandsche Haf goeth in which is called the North-bodem which goeth up so farre into Finland that a shippe with a good faire winde can hardly sayle to the ende thereof in five daies Upon the uttermost of these Northbodems there lyeth a towne called Toren there Sweathland and Fynland part asunder V. How these Lands and Places lye distant from each other FRom Revle to Wolf the course is n. and by w. 5 leagues From Wolf to the Iland of Wranger east by south but there without about them it is e. and by n. 7 or 8 leag From Wranger to Eckholme east and e. and by n. 13 leagues From Eckholme to Telsborch east and west 6 or 7 leagues From Telsborch to the Narve in the Rode east and by south 16 leagues From Wranger to Highland eastnortheast and somewhat easterlyer 23 leagues From Highland to Tutters southsoutheast 3 leagues From Highland to the Narve Rode southeast 13 leagues From the Rode of the Narve to Russia Hacken or the point of Castram north and south 5 leagues From Russia Hacken to the River Nioa or Oreschack eastnortheast 13 or 14 leagues From Oreschacke to the Roodehel northnortheast and north-and by east 14 or 16 leagues From Russia Hacken to the Roodehel n. e. by n. 26 leagues From Highland to the Russia Hacken e. s e. 29 leagues From Highland to Somera e. n. e. about 7 leagues From Somera to the Iland Narve about e. n. e. 4 leagues From Somera to the Great Fisher or Goescharre northeast 7 leagues From the Great Fisher to the Litle Fisher northeast and by east 4 leagues From the Litle Fisher to Corsnes eastnortheast and somewhat easterlyer 1 league From Corsnes to Roodehel n. e. and by n. 3 leagues From Roodehel to the Porrescharres southwest and by west about 5 leagues From Porescharen to the Fisher southwest 3 leagues From Goescharen to Quadescharen or Espelscharen westsouthwest and southwest and by west 11 or 12 leagues From Quadescharen to Somera eastsoutheast 5 leagues From Espelscharen to Putsfagre west 7 leagues From Putsfagre to Somera east 12 or 13 leagues From Putsfagre to Highland south and by east 7 leagues From Putsfagre to Peltingscharen w. and by s 5 leagues From the Out-scharres of Peltingh to the Haven of Elsenvos west and by north 12 leagues From Peltinghscharen to Highland eastsoutheast 8 leagues From Peltingscharen to the Wolfe southwest and somewhat westerlyer 20 leagues From Elsenvos to the Wolf or Nargen s s w. 16 or 17 leagues From Elsenvos to Eckholme southeast 16 leagues From the haven of Elsenvos to the Out-scharres of Luys west and by south 12 or 13 leagues From the Out-scharres of Luys to Wtoy west 21 leagues Frō Wtoy to Ercke the uttermost Iland of Alant w. 9 leagues From the Out-scharres of Luys to Nargen s s e. 13 leagues From the Outscharres of Luys to Oetgensholme south and by west 15 or 16 leagues From the Haven of Abbo to Nargen or the Wolfe east and by south 32 or 33 leagues VI. How these Lands are distant from other Lands FRom the Haven of Abbo to Boech-scharre southwest and by south 16 leagues From the Haven of Abbo to Godsche sand southsouthwest 29 leagues From the Haven of Abbo to Ostergarde s by w. 56 leagues From the Point of Alant or from the Ilands to Luseroort or Derwinda southsoutheast 59 leagues From the Ilands of Alant to the Sweathland scharres before the Haven of Stockholme southwest and southwest and by south 32 or 33 leagues Here followeth the Carde N 28. Afbeeldinghe vande wonderlijcke ghebrooken Zeecusten van Sweden en̄ van Schoonen van benarden Stoeholm af tot verbij Valsterboen Jtem vande Eijlanden aldner al 's Gotlant Oelādt Bornholm en̄ andere aen dat sebe vaerwater gheleghen Pourtraiet de la merveilleuse et entrerompue coste marine de Suede et pais de Schoone de Stocholme insques a Valsterbon Jtem de les isles comme Gotlande Oelande Bornholm et plusieurs autres situez environ lesaic tes costes CHAPTER IX THE DESCRIPTION OF the situation of the Sea-coasts and Havens of Sweathland which lye betweene Stocholme and Valsterboen as also of Gotland Oeland and other Ilands more there abouts I. How you shall sayle into the Haven of Stockholme THe Sweathland Out-scharres and Rockes lying before the haven of Stockholme lye distant from the Ilands of Aland southwest and southwest and by south two-and-thirtie or three-and-thirtie leagues as in the Chapter before is declared The haven of Stockholme goeth in south by a point called Landsoort Landsoort a litle north from thence there lyeth a rocke above the water called the Heyr-hamer Heyrhamer it is a foule rock and to seaward from this rock there lyeth another great rock called Wigh-steene it lyeth distant from the point of Landsoort northeast three leagues Wighstone upon it there is a clift you must goe in close by it and leave it on baghborde you may also goe in westward about betweene this rock and the Heyr-hamer for it is verie faire round about it then you come by a rock called Middlestone Middle-stone which also is cloven and sheweth like a saddle of a horse you must leave that on starborde Betweene Wighstone and Middlestone the haven of Stocholme reacheth in about northnortheast if you wil sayle into the haven of Stocholme you must be warie and take heede of a rowe of rocks which lye under the water southeast and by east from Wighstone where you must goe close in crosse before the chanel they are called Crawasen Crawasen and there north lyeth Gomberstone Gomberstone southsoutheast from the Middlestone East from the haven of Stockholme there lyeth another great rock which is called Schareopen Scharopē when you are past Middlestone are betweene both the lands then you finde a rock called Rookoe From Middlestone to Rookoe Rookoe the course is northeast and by north a league and there you may runne about on both sides if you will
fathome deepe soft ground Betweene Ostergarde and Houborch you have a banck of four-and-twentie fathome it is great redde sand then you can not see the land out of the toppe of the mast And eastward also you have a banck there of fourteene fathome deepe it is graye and white sand when you are over it then you finde no ground at fortie fathome When Houborch is northnortheast seven leagues from you there it is fiveteene fathome deepe stonie ground And when you goe from thence northeast three leagues there it is twentie fathome great stonie ground If you will sayle from Borneholme to Ostergarde you must not spare your lead but still cast it out towards these bankes that you may make your account thereafter Betweene Gotland and Oeland it is uneven to sound the depth sometimes you have two-and-twentie and three-and-twentie fathome and sometimes nine-and-twentie fathome and all black grayish peeces of ground sometimes stones as great as pease which are black and earthly coloured When you are northwest and northwest and by north from Houborch almost three leagues from the land there you have great redde stonie Sand with blacke stones in it as bigge as beanes When Zuydernorden lyeth west from you three leagues there it is soft ground seven-and-twentie and nine-and-twentie fathome deepe And when the chappel upon Zuydernorden lyeth westnorthwest from you three leagues there it is thirtie and one-and-thirtie fathome deepe it is lymie soft ground When Zuydernorden lyeth northnorthwest and somewhat northerlyer from you and you are a league from the land there it is thirteene fathome deepe When you are past Zuydernorden and come against Derclippingh in the chanel there it is nine-and-thirtie fathome deepe and there it is slickie and soft ground If I should describe all the banckes which lye in the East-sea severally and perticularly by themselves they alone would conteyne a whole volume for that in manie places it is verie banckie and uneven for you shall come in no place but you shall finde banckes as betweene Houborch and Ostergarde between Zuydernorden and Gotland and betweene Oeland and Borneholme and likewise against Reefcol and Righshooft where you finde severall banckes and of unequall and severall depths Betweene Iasmont and Borneholme you finde banckes of seven tenne fiveteene and twentie fathome as in their places it is partly shewed also on Righsche bodem it is full of banckes of fiveteene twentie and five-and-twentie fathome The deepest water of the East-sea is about fortie fathome Thus much I thought good to place here that no man by reason of such banckes should erre and goe out of the waie VI. How these Places lye distant from each other HOw the Haven of Stockholme reacheth in from point to point and all the Ilands and rockes thereabouts it is alreadie described at large From Landsoort or the point of the haven of Stockholme to the rock Hartshals westsouthwest 3 leagues From Hartshals to the River of Sticborch the course is w. n. w. From Landsoort to Smaland west 5 leagues From Smaland to the haven of Silbuy south and by west distant 15 or 16 leagues From Landsoort to the haven of Silbuy southwest by south 19 leagues From Silbuy to Schelsuyr the course is northnorthwest distant 7 leagues From Landsoort to the Sweathland Ioncvrouwe southsouthwest 24 leagues From the Outscharres or rocks of Silbuy to the Sweathland Ioncvrouwe south and south and by east 8 leagues From the Sweathland Ionckvrouwe to Carelsoo east and east and by north 11 or 12 leagues From Carelsoo to Wisbuy northeast 6 or 7 leagues From Carelsoo to Gotland sand northeast and northeast and by north 21 leagues From Gotland sand to the Haven of Stockholme west and by north 16 leagues From Gotland sand to Farosand or the northende of Gotland south and by west and southsouthwest 4 or 5 leagues From Faro sand to Ostergarde south and by west 7 leagues From Ostergarde to Houborch southwest and southwest and by south 12 or 13 leagues From the south ende of Gotland to the northende of Oeland westnorthwest 10 or 11 leagues From the Sweathland Ionckvrouwe to the rockes of Calmer southsouthwest 11 leagues From Calmersond to Derclippingh south and by east distant 12 or 13 leagues From Derclipping to Malqueren west and west and by north 5 leagues From Derclipping to Ahuys west and west and by south distant 10 or 11 leagues From Derclipping to Hanno s w. and by w. 10 leagues From Ahuys to Hanno southeast 5 leagues From Hanno to the north ende of Borneholme south and by east 11 or 12 leagues From the north ende of Borneholme to the tonne at Valsterboen sand west and by south 19 leagues From Stockholme skarres or rocks to the north ende of Oeland south and by west 22 leagues From the haven of Stockholme to Carelsoo south 21 leagues From the south ende of Gotland to Zuydernorden the southende of Oeland s w. somewhat westerlyer 23 or 24 leag From the south ende of Oeland to Derclipping w. s w. 8 leag From Derclipping to the northende of Borneholme northnortheast 19 leagues From Ostergarde to Borneholme south-southwest and somewhat southerlyer 63 or 64 leagues From Houborch to Borneholme southwest and somewhat southerlyer 51 leagues From the south ende of Oeland to the south ende of Borneholme southsouthwest 26 leagues But to the northwest ende it is s w. and by s 25 leagues VII How these Lands are situate from other Lands FRom Gotland sand to Boechscharre north and by east 20 or 21 leagues From Carelsoo to Boechscharre n. n. e. 40 leagues From Gotland sand to the south point of Alants Haf north north and by east 19 or 20 leagues From Gotland sand to Dageroort n. e. and by e. 26 leagues From Gotland sand to Derwinda s e. by e. 31 or 32 leagues From Ostergarde to Dageroort northeast and northeast and by north 38. leagues From Ostergarde to Derwinda east 29 leagues From Ostergarde to Conincxberghen deepe southsoutheast 48 leagues From Ostergarde to Righshooft south and north 45 leagues From Houborch to Hondsoort northeast 47 leagues From Houborch to Luseroort east and by north and somewhat northerlyer 40 leagues From Houborch to Derwinda east and by north 38 leagues From Houborch to Memle eastsoutheast 38 leagues From Houborch to Conincxberghen southeast and by south 48 leagues From Houborch to Righshooft south and by east 34 leagues From the south ende of Oeland called Suydernorden to Sevenberghen east and somewhat northerlyer 48 leagues From Suyder Norden to Memle east 48 leagues From Suyder Norden to Righshooft northwest 34 leagues How all the points of the East Sea are distant and lye in length and bredth from Borneholme you finde it at large described in the sixth Chapter Heere followeth the Carde N. 29. Pascaarte van't Schagher rack vertoonende van Schaghen en̄ Maesterlandt af door de Soudt tot om Valsterboen toe alle de gelegenthent der Zeecusten van't Lant van Noor doosten Halant Schoonen en Zeelant
Hoemen alle HaveneÌ„ daer ontreÌ„t geleghen beseijlen ende alle clippen Reuen enÌ„ periculose plaetsen schouwen ende mijden sal Carte Marine representant dez Schagen et Maesterlande par la Somâ—â— iusques a Valsterbon toutes les situations des costes de la Mer du pais de Nord-est Halande SchoneÌ„ et Zeelande ComÌ„ent on marinera tous Ports et haures la alentour et se gardera de tous rochiers escueils bancs de sable et dangereux endroictz CHAPTER X. A DESCRIPTION OF the Sea-coasts of Schoonen Zeeland Haland and the Land of Northeast from Valsterbon to Schaghen I. The situation betweene Valsterbon and the Sond Valsterboen sand THe Sand of Valsterbon reacheth about southwest above a league to Seaward If you come out of the east you may anckor under Valsterboen Sand at 7 or 8 fathome so that then the steeple of Valsterbon standeth west or west and by north from you from Valsterboen Sand along by the Bleesche side to Drelborch it is verie flatte Rode under Steden You may also anckor under Steden safe against a northerly winde but you must runne in somewhat farre betweene Steden and Meun into the creeke and anckor betweene Meun and Steden at eight or nine fathome so that the shoring point of Steden may lye northnortheast from you Kuycke North from Steden you must ruÌ„ne up westward to Kuycke which lyeth in a great creeke it is there all shallowe or flat water at five sixe or seven fathome and you may anckor there where you will Close by Steden it is twelve and thirteene fathome deepe On the Sand of Valsterboen there lyeth a tonne at four fathome and you may sound about the Sand at five fathome without daunger When the steeple of Valsterboen and the castle are one against another then you are right against the Sand. When you are about Valsterboen Sand you may sounde there within it at four fathome along to the strand of Schoonen or old Valsterboen Hul water where there lyeth a haven called Hul or Hul-water it is a deepe haven for common shippes and goeth in at three or four fathome and reacheth in most part northeast you may sound in along by the foot-strand of Olde Valsterboen at three fathome and you must leave Olde Valsterboen on the right hand it is there wide and broade ynough But before or against Olde Valsterboen there lyeth a Sand called Zuydvliet which you must remember to shunne Southvliet From the tonne upon Valsterboen Sand to the tonne upon Draker sand the course is north five leagues but if you come out of the east and come out by Steden Drakersand then goe north and by east to Drakersand and that is sixe leagues and when the steeple of Coppen haven commeth upon the east ende of the wood which standeth west from Draker Markes of Draker sand then you have the length of the tonne upon Drakersand then you may well set your course upon Southolme till you come before Draker there you shall finde five fathome water a foot lesse and that is the dryest of all the Middle ground The south tonne of the Middle ground lyeth somewhat higher up to Draker South tonne in the Midle ground from the tonne upon Draker sand to the Suyder tonne north and north and by west Right over against this Zuyder tonne there lyeth a stone above the water which is called the Fisher there you may sound the Southolme for there it is flatte water Fisher. From the Zuyder tonne of the Middle ground Casper Caniel tonne and the markes or the drought to the tonne upon Casper Caniel the course is north and north and by west there the Middleground is at the narrowest there it is shoring on both sides if you lavere through the shallowes you must winde as soone as it beginneth to drie on the one or the other side The markes of this tonne upon Casper Caniel are these when the sharpe steeple of Coppen haven is against the white castle then you have the length of this tonne and there it is seven and eight fathome deepe From the tonne at Casper Caniel to the Middle tonne Middle tonne the course is north and by west the southerlyest mille commeth upon the southende of the towne and the flatte steeple coÌ„meth within a lever or bowe length of the speere steeple of Coppen haven these are markes of the Middle tonne it is there eight or nine fathome deepe North tonne From the Middle tonne to the North tonne the course is north and by west and northnorthwest there in the chanel it is nine and tenne fathome deepe but the tonne lyeth at sixe fathome on the north ende of the Middle ground From the north tonne to the Sond the course is north and by west in that chanel it is eight nine tenne fathome deepe you may also runne along by the west side at sixe and seven fathome Rode under the Sond A man may anckor in the Sond where he will all the shippes for the most part anckor commonly along by the land south from Elsenore but with a southeast winde it is badde lying there for there it is fiveteene and sixteene fathome deepe but to Weem there lyeth a banck or flat of seven eight or nine fathome there it is better lying but it is somewhat farre from the land II. How you shall sayle out of the Sond through the shallowes and so into Reefshol ALthough I have heere perfectly declared how you shall sayle through the Sands and Shallowes comming from Valsterboen to the Sond yet I thought it not amisse also to write How a man comming north or out of the Sond shall sayle through it in regard that there passeth so great a number of shippes that waie everie yeere and for that it is so requisite and convenient to knowe the true and perfect situation of that chanel North tonne If you wil sayle out of the Sond to the Shallowes and Sands you must goe south and by east or you may sound along by the wood at five or sixe fathome then you shall not in sayling misse the North tonne for it lyeth at sixe fathome on the north ende of the middle ground east from the tonne it is seven fathome deepe Markes of the north-tonne but in the right chanel against this tonne it is nine or tenne fathome deepe The markes of this tonne are when the ende of the wood is westsouthwest and the steeple of Coppen haven south-southwest from you then you are against the north toÌ„ne and there standeth a flatte steeple a certaine space south from that wood also there come then three hillocks on the north-side of the towne all these are markes of the north tonne If you will sayle to Reefshol or to Coppen haven then ruÌ„ne west about this north tonne To sayle into Reefshol and goe on southwest by south and southsouthwest till the tonne lyeth east and east and by
northnortheast from you then goe boldly northwest and by north and northnorthwest to the Sand of Anout then you shall runne farre ynough without But if you will sayle from Col to the Sond then hold the Iland of Weene hidde behinde the Castle of Elsenor How to shuÌ„ne the Swyne boden for if you bring not Weene without the castle of Elsenor then you cannot sayle under the Swyneboden when you are past the Swynboden then you may sayle forward in the middle of the water about Lappesand and when you are within the castle then you may anckor where you will as I said before Betweene Col Zeeland it is sixteene seventeene eighteene and in some places twentie fathome deepe but in the night come no nearer to Zeeland then twelve thirteene or fourteene fathome for at that depth you are close by the land for on Zeland side it is verie shoring Haselin From Col to the Iland Haselin it is southwest and by west eight leagues From the east ende of Haselin there reacheth out a Sand northeast and by north a great league from the ende of the Sand lye the Luysgrounds Luysgrounds and lye from the south ende of Anout distant northwest by west and southeast and by east and from Col east and by south and west and by north there the water is no deeper then eight foot When you come from Anout sand and will goe to the Sond then goe no southerlyer then southsoutheast so you shall not undersayle these grouÌ„ds for with a south and east course you should sayle by them when you come from Anout sand but comming out of the Sond you should undersayle those Luysgrounds with a westnorthwest course Therefore if you will sayle to the Sond from Anout or from the Sond to Anout with a sharpe winde you must be carefull to remember them and to take heede of them Rode under Haselin The Iland Haselin on the outside is all foule and full of Sands and shallowes but on the Zeland side it is indifferent faire there you may runne under to anckor The coast of Zeeland is a faire strand and you may runne through betweene Haselin and Zeeland to the Belt but a litle west from Haselin there shooteth off a Sand from Zeeland which you must shunne About eastsoutheast from Haselin there lyeth a great wide river which without in the beginning is at least a league wide it is there good anckoring against a northeast winde at five or sixe fathome This River devideth it self into three parts in the land of Zeeland the first or easterlyest goeth up southsoutheast to Roskild the second goeth up to Isiebie and Holbecke there there lyeth a great Iland in the middle and within it is three leagues broad this River is called Isenvoort reaching into the land south Isenvorde and south and by west sixe or seven leagues The third River reacheth to Draecxholme also five leagues southwest and northeast so that in Draecxholme you may see the Sea this river stretcheth as the Sea-coast doth along to the Belt Thus Zeeland sheweth it self when you come from Anoult sayling to the Sond V. The situation betweene Col and Waersberghen FRom Col to the Iland Swederoer it is northeast and by north there you may goe northward in behinde Swedere there it is wide and broad and betweene the great and small rocks you may anckor at seven fathome against the church of Turko which is a white church it is good to come in there you may there goe southward out againe leaving the two rockes with the warders on starreborde and runne right up to Col close about the rockes If you come from Anout and by meanes of southerly windes can not gette above Col you must goe from Col northeast and by north to Swederoer and goe close in by the two rockes wheron the warders stand there it is soft ground so that you must looke to your anckors a north winde bloweth openly into it Betweene Col and Swederoer there is a great creeke there lyeth the towne of Engelholme there also you may anckor Engleholme North from Swederoer there goeth in another great creeke wherein Bos-stadt lyeth three leagues east from Swederoer Bos-stadt Laholme a league easterlyer lyeth the towne or castle called Laholme there also goeth a River into the land Three leagues northward from Laholme lyeth Helmâ—te upon a currant or falling water Helmste but there may nothing but boyers and small boates goe into it Three leagues westward from Helmste lyeth the Iland Tullo which lyeth northnorthwest about five leagues from Swederoer The Iland Tullo inward to the land against this Iland there lyeth a high hill which sheweth white as if it were sandie land it is called Haver but by Saylers it is called Yong Col Younge Col. because it is like Col for heigth and fashion and sometimes also it is taken for Col. Three leagues north from Tullo lyeth the River of Valckenborch on the north side thereof there lyeth an Iland called Muruptinge And three leagues more north from the River of Valckenborch lyeth Waersberghen Valckenburgh which is distant from Col north and by west and south and by east twelve or thirteene leagues To sayle into Waersberghen then runne in by the east side To sayle into Waersbergen but right upon the point of the Iland there lyeth a rock under the water and from the point whereon the castle standeth there also lyeth a blinde rock which you must shunne and goe in the middle of the water betweene the Iland and the Maie-land and anckor against the castle at four or five fathome there within it is all flatte water To sayle otherwise into Waersberghen sette Outboy north from the castle and goe in northnortheast there lyeth a Rock there even with the water you must leave it on starreborde and anckor belowe the castle at four fathome Thus the land of Waersberghen sheweth when you sayle by Anout to the Sond VI. The situation betweene Waersberghen and Masterland THree leagues north from Waersberghen lyeth Monstersond Monstersond which is a River which reacheth up into the land upon it there lye some townes as Vlymenes Horne and Goeswaer Nydingh From Waersberghen to Nyding the course is northwest five leagues it is a verie badde rock it lyeth even above the water so that the water almost striketh over it everie man must take heede of it Malesond A great league northeast and northeast and by east from Nydingh there lyeth an Iland called Malesond it is a round Iland you may sayle round about it at seven or eight fathome and under it also it is good anckoring Two cables length westnorthwest from Malesond lyeth a blinde rock there lyeth another rock a bowe shotte from the land even with the water on it there standeth a beacon and upon the Mayeland there stande two great beacons each upon a rock betweene them both there
Neus to the Eems south and somewhat easterlyer 75 or 77 leagues From der Neus to Bornriffe south and as some say somewhat westerlyer 83 leagues From der Neus to Texel or Marsdeepe s by w. 93 leagues From der Neus to Walcheren s and by w. 126 or 127 leagues From der Neus to the Pas of Calis southsouthwest and somewhat westerlyer 144 leagues From der Neus to the Holmes before Yarmouth southsouthwest and somewhat westerlyer 104 leagues From der Neus to Flamburgh head southwest 101 leagues From der Neus to Scarborowe southwest 100 leagues From der Neus to the river of Newcastle southwest by west and somewhat westerlyer 104 leagues From der Neus to Lieth in Schotland westsouthwest somewhat westerlyer 103 leagues From der Neus to Buquhamnesse west and somewhat northerlyer 88 or 90 leagues From der Neus to Fairhill westnorthwest 93 leagues From der Neus to Hitland n. w. and by w. about 100 leagues Here followeth the Carde N. 31. Pascaarte van Noorweghen vertoonende de Zee-custen geleghen tusschen der Neus enÌ„ Berghen met alle hare wonderlÿcke clippen rudsen enÌ„ menichte van Eÿlanden aende selfde custe geleghen gestelt op zÿne rechte streckingen enÌ„ distantien van mÿlen Carte Marinesque de Norwege representant les costes situees entre le Cape der Neus et Bergues auecq ses admirables roc hiers escueilz et quantité d'Jsles gisantes a la dicte coste le tout exactement mis selon ses vrayes routes et distance de lieues CHAPTER XII A DESCRIPTION OF the Sea-coasts of Norwaie from the Neus to the Citie of Berghen I. The situation betweene the Neus and Schuytenes or the Liet or Haven of Berghen IN the Description made before I have sufficiently declared how you shall saile from the west and north into the Havens of the Neus or Maensond Winfort Three or four leagues north from the low land of Leest lyeth the Iland of Winfort southward from thence you goe into the haven or Winfort which reacheth in northeast but betweene Winforde and the lowe land of Leest there lyeth another faire haven called Winterford A league to seaward from the Iland of Winfort there lye two out-rockes Focksteenes which are called the Focksteenes the one lyeth nearer to the land then the other Berchsond North from the Iland of Winfort you goe into Berghsond which haven reacheth in e. n. e. along by the aforesaid great Iland and you may ancker at the ende of the Iland Ekesond Three leagues north from Berghsond lyeth Ekesond a good haven there you goe in north from all the out-rockes and you may ancker on the north side for there is best anckering North or west from Ekesond there lyeth a haven called Serenooch Serenooch north from that there is a white strand where there standeth a church upon an out-point and also there lyeth a high rock called Walbert whereon there standeth a mast or beacon From that rock there shooteth out a stone Sand or shelf Walbert and on this white strand there is a Las or Salmon fishing The Iedder The aforesaid high rock called Walbert lyeth right over against the south ende of Iedder or the high land of Leest The land of Iedder is at least five leagues long without anie havens on each ende of this land there standeth a church from each ende also there shooteth off a Sand the northerlyest Sand reacheth northwest into the Sea an half league northnorthwest froÌ„ the said Sand there lyeth a rock or Iland named Rut â—ut which you may goe about on both sides Crosse from Rut to Seaward lyeth the Vesteene Vesteene about five leagues north from the Iedder About three leagues northnorthwest from the Vesteene there lyeth an Iland whereon a church standeth called Wittinghs Wittinghs eye but northnortheast from the Vesteene four leagues there lyeth an Iland before the haven or river of Stavanger called Sibrichtsteen Sibrichsteene If you will sayle into Stavanger comming out of the south sayle through betweene the Vesteen and the Maieland leaving the foresaid Rock called Rut on starborde but take good heede of the stone Shelf which reacheth off from the north ende of Iedder sayle so inward till the Vesteen be southeast from you then goe in northeast to the point of Tonghenes Tonghenes which is a long point and lowe land and lyeth on the south ende of the River now when you sayle from the Vesteene to Tonghenes then you shall see the Iland Sibrichsteen before the River which openeth it self into two parts leave it on baghborde and sayle in by the point of Tonghenes but there lyeth a rock northward from the point sayle through betweene this rock and the point about east and eastsoutheast into Doeswick and when you are within the castle of Doeswick there you may ancker Doeswick But if you will sayle forward before the towne of Stavangher Stavanghes then leave Diefsholme on starborde and sayle in southeast southsoutheast till you be before the towne and there ancker where you will But when you come out of the north and will sayle to Stavangher then goe betweene the Vesteen and Whitings eye and then goe on northeast to Sibrichsteen the point of Tonghenes and doe as I said before From Vesteen to Schuytenes it is northnorthwest five leagues But from Schuytenes to Sibrichsteen through betweene Whitings eye it is east and west five leagues Four leagues west and west and by north to seaward from Schuytenes there lye certaine rocks called the Wtsiers Tus the land of the Iedder sheweth when it is northeast from you five leagues Thus the land of Iedder sheweth when it is eastnortheast from you sixe or seven leagues Thus the Bock sheweth when you are south from Schuytenes before the Liet Thus the hill Syke sheweth when you are north from Schuytenes II. How you may sayle up the Liet van Berghen from Schuytenes to Berghen THe Liet goeth in betweene the Iland of Schuytenes and Bock when Bock lyeth northeast from you then you are right open before the Liet Schuytenes lyeth on the west side and Bock on the east side and reacheth in first north and north and by west three leagues to Perdeholme or the great warder or mast and there is good rode against the foresaid warder or mast From Perdeholme to Vlocx it is north north and by west three or four leagues The Vlocx lyeth right without Longhol which is a good haven you lye there with an anckor to Sea and a rope fast on the land there it is fiveteene fathome deepe Over against the Vlocx lyeth Bommel haven there also is a a good Rode Bommelsond Bommel or Bommelsond goeth into the Sea by Bommel head which is a high rock which lyeth on the north side of the haven but on the south side there lye manie small rockes which as you goe out you must
leave on baghborde the haven reacheth southwest and southwest and by west into the Sea From Vlocx to Bremerholme or Dievenholme the course is northnorthwest three leagues Bremer-holme or Dievenholme Monsterhaven Roteholme Soltmer Syck West or south from thence lyeth Monsterhaven there standeth a church and there it is good rode for shippes that will goe up and downe the Liet From Bremerholme to Rootholme it is northnorthwest four leagues under Rootholme you may ancker at twentie fathome South from Rootholme the Soltmer river goeth out and reacheth southeast into the Sea there lyeth a high round hill upon the land of Bommel called Syck which sheweth like a hat thereby you knowe Bommel and Soltmer river for it lyeth right betweene them both when this hill Syck lyeth northeast from you then you are right before Bommelsond and north from Soltmer river it is high land but the land on the south side of Bommel is lowe land To sayle from Rootholme to Crabbekerck Crabberkerck first it is a league to sayle through the narrowe or strait northwest from Rootholme to Crabbekerck it is north and by west three leagues betweene them both lyeth the Reyne Knape The Reyne Knape which you may sayle about on both sides About south from Reyne Knape there reach two rivers into the Sea Papesond Stormsond namely Papesond Stormsond Papesond reaâ—heth southsouthwest into the Sea But if you will sayle out of Stormesond then goe along close by the land of Rootholme fouth and by east and leave all the broken Ilands and rockes with the great Iland on starborde till you come into Soltmer river there it goeth out into the Sea south and south and by west From the Narrowe or Strait of Rootholme to Reyne Knape it is a league distant but from Reyne Knape to Crabbekerck it is north and by east more then a league Bock upon the Ra. Cruys rivâ—r North DroÌ„mels From Crabbekerck to Bock upon the Ra or Bockliet the course is northwest and by north three leagues betweene them the Cruys river runneth into the Sea southwest Cruys river is a haven verie well to be knowne for against it there lye three hilles in the land as if they were the Drommels of Norwaie but they are not so high they are also called the north DroÌ„mels when those three hilles are northeast or thereabouts from you then you are open before the Cruys river By Bock upon the Ra you goe through the narrowe waie right north from Bock there lyeth a stone under the water whereon alwaies there standeth a beacon or a mast Watgestrome From Bock upon the Ra to the Watgestrome the course is north and somewhat westerlyer four leagues in Watgestrome it is good anckor ground to lye there upon the south side at four-and-twentie fathome In the Watgestrome the Liet reacheth northwest a league S. Oelofs holme to the Reesteen against it S. Oelofs holme lyeth by it you may goe out of the Ielte river about behinde Asland about northwest into the Sea when you come out of the Sea to goe into the Ielte river then you are right against Reesteene upon that Liet Reesteene Reesteen lyeth on the east side of the Liet right against the point whereon the two high hilles stand Lâ—torens which are called the Letoorens they are two high sharp hillocks which you may see farre off when you sayle up or downe the Liet in sayling up they lye most northnorthwest and north and by west from you Struys haven Berghen Harle Within Asland lyeth Struys haven and from thence to the towne of Berghen it is northnortheast two leagues The Iland of Harle is five leagues long you may goe about it on both sides when you come out of the north and come so into the Waghe of Berghen in Norwaie The Harlefoert goeth out about north and by west Harleford and northnorthwest betweene Asland and the land of Harle III. Of the Tyde or running of the Streames ON this coast of Norwaie from Neus to Berghen past Berghen as farr as Stadt the water riseth and falleth but holdes no certaine tydes But northward by Dronton the tyde beginneth to holde and to be ruled by the Moone IIII. How these Places are distant from each other FRom der Neus to the high land of Leest the course is northeast 3 leagues From der Neus to Fockstenes northwest about 7 leagues From the uttermost rock of Focksteenes to Ekesond north 4 leagues From Focksteenes to the south point of the Iedder northwest 7 leagues From the south point of the Iedder to the Vesteene northwest 5 leagues From the Vesteen to Sibrighsteen northeast 4 leagues From Vesteen to Schuytenes northnorthwest 5 leagues From Schuytenes to Sibrightsteene through within Whitingsey cast 5 leagues From Schuytenes to the Wtsiers w and w. by n. 4 leagues From Schuytenes to Bommels hooft northnorthwest and somewhat northerlyer 7 leagues From Bommels hooft to Cruysfoert n. n. w. 9 leagues From Cruysfoert to Harle northnorthwest 13 leagues The stretching of all reaches in the Liet from Schuytenes to Berghen you finde it in the Description of the Liet from point to point perfectly set downe From the Neus to the Wtsiers northwest 29 leagues From the Wtsiers to Ieltefoert or the Waghe of Berghen north and by west 26 leagues V. How these Lands are distant from other Lands IN the former Chapter I have shewed how all the places and chiefest points of all the north Seas are distant in breadth length from the Neus From Schuytenes to the Vlie south and by east and somewhat southerlyer 106 leagues From Schuytenes to the Texel south and south and by east 111 leagues From Schuytenes to Walcheren south 142 or 143 leagues From Schuytenes to the Holmes before Iarmouth south by west and somewhat westerlyer 112 or 113 leagues From Schuytenes to Flamborowe head southwest by south 105 or 106 leagues From Schuytenes to Tinmouth southwest 105 leagues From Schuytenes to Buquhamnesse west and by south and somewhat southerlyer 72 leagues From Schuytenes to Hitland west and by north and westnorthwest 67 leagues From Schuytenes to the north ende of Hitland westnorthwest and somewhat northerlyer 71 or 72 leagues From the Wtsiers to the Vlie s and by e. 103 or 104 leagues From the Wtsiers to the Wtweer rockes north and by west 40 leagues From Ielteforde or the Waghe of Berghen to Hitland west 48 leagues From Ielteford or the Waghe of Berghen to the north ende of Hitland west and west and by north 51 leagues VI. Of the heigth of these Countreyes ACcording to the writing of Lucas Iohnson Waghenaer these Lands lye under the heigths hereafter set downe The Neus lyeth under 57 degrees 48 minutes But my opinion is that it is not so much northerly for the reasons shewed in the Preface at the beginning of this Book The Iland of Schuytenes lyeth under 59 degrees The Waghe of Berghen lyeth under 60
also northeast forward but how farre it is yet unknowne The west coast of Nova Zembla reacheth from Waygates or northwards to Costinsarck about northnorthwest three-and fiftie leagues and there about the north it is about north and by east to the point of Longhenes or the States point and then northnortheast northeast and eastnortheast to the Ilands of Orange the northerlyest part of Nova Zembla which lyeth under seven-and-seventie degrees and an half V. What Moone maketh high water heere and how the streames rise and fall AT the three Ilands it is high water with a southwest and northeast moone At Catsnose point an east and west moone maketh high water Before Podessemsche and S. Nicolas an east and by south and wâ—st and by north moone maketh high water At the Iland of Nova Zembla a southeast moone maketh high water Fâ—om Orloghones the three Ilands the streame falleth into the mouth of the White Sea to the Graie point of Catsnose about southsouthwest and southwest and by west But about the point of Catsnose the streame falleth into the White Sea part to Warsiga and Ombay and also to Podessemsche and S. Nicolas south and south and by west and so falleth out and into the River of Archangel East from Candenoes to the Iland of Colgoya the streame falleth east and east by south as also along by the same Iland from Colgoya to Waygates the streame falleth east west Along by Nova Zembla the streames followe the moone along by Russia they come betweene Candenoes and Pitsora out of the west and westnorthwest and so fall along by Russia The streames to Waygates come from Colgoya and Nova Zembla and fall with the others east and by north through the Strait of Waygates to the river of Oby so that the ebbes and the floods keepe the chanels of Waygates open whereby manie times they are without yce or at least but with such yce as driveth in sholes or great stakes But east from Waygates the floods come out of the northeast and so fall into Oby and into the Strait of Nassowe the water there riseth and falleth but it holdeth no certaine tydes VI. Of the depths and grounds as well east as west from Waygates ALl the whole Coast along from Candenoes to Waygates you finde a flatte rising ground most part sand and soft or steek-ground When you sayle in mistie wether you must understand that you are at eight or nine fathome depth four or five leagues from the Coast but when you are at thirtie five-and-thirtie or fortie fathome then you are farre ynough from the land so it is also along by Nova Zembla as also before the east side of Waygates but when you come before the chanel it is shallower VII How these Lands are distant from each other FRom Orloghenoes to the three Ilands s s c. 5 leagues From the three Ilands to the Iland with the crosse called Sousnowits southsouthwest 13 leagues From the Crosse Iland to Catsnoes or the Graie point south by west 17 leagues From Podesemsche or the river of Archangel to the Salt Iland southwest and somewhat westerlyer 7 leagues From the Salt Iland to Cape de Onega west and west and by north 18 or 19 leagues From Cape de Onega to the Ilands of Solofky northwest and by west 20 leagues From the Ilands of Solofky to the Somma west and west and by south 9 leagues From Candelex to Ombay southeast and by east 13 leagues From Ombay to Stulsland southeast 11 leagues From Stulsland to Warsiga e. s e. 16 leagues From Warsiga to Pelitsa e. s e. 16 leagues From Pelitsa to Sousnowits or the Crosse Iland e. n. e. and somewhat northerlyer 13 leagues From Ombay to Warsiga southeast and by east 25 leagues From Warsiga to Coroa eastsoutheast 11 leagues From Coroa to Craswick east 7 leagues From Craswick to Polongi east 7 leagues From Polongi to the Iland Sousnowits n. e. by e. 8 leagues From Orloghenoes to C. de Candenoes northeast 47 leagues From Candenoes to the Iland Colgoya e. and by s 26 leagues From Candenoes to Swelgenoes s e. and by e. 29 leagues From Candenoes to the Iland Morsonowits s e. 13 leagues From Candenoes to Tussara e. s e. 43 leagues From Tussara to Colcova east 7 leagues From Colcova to Pitsana east and by north 7 leagues From Pitsana to Pitsora east and east and by north distant about 13 leagues From Pitsora to Waygates about northeast and by east distant 14 or 16 leagues VIII Some long and crosse courses from the White Sea and also from Russia betweene C. de Candenoes and Nova Zembla FRom Catsnoes or the Graie point to the Ilands of Solofky west somewhat southerlyer 37 leagues From Catsnoes to Warsiga northwest and somewhat westerlyer 29 or 30 leagues From Catsnoes to Polongi northwest by north 23 leagues From the Iland of Solofky to Ombay in Lapland the course is north 32 or 33 leagues From Solofky to Warsiga northeast and somewhat easterlyer 32 leagues From Solofky to Polongi northeast and by east 51 leagues From Candenoes to Costintsarke in Nova Zembla northeast by east about 61 leagues From the east ende of Colgoya to Waygates east 60 leagues From Pitsora to the east ende of Colgoya w. n. w. 43 leagues IX Vnder what degrees these Countreys lye as writings do witnesse THe point of Catsnoes or the Graie point lyeth under 65 degrees S. Nicolas or the River of Archangel lyeth under 64 degrees 30 minutes The Ilands of Solofky lye under 65 degrees Ombay lyeth under 66 degrees 45 minâ— Cape de Candenoes lyeth under 69 degrees 30 minâ— The Iland of Colgoya lyeth under 69 degrees 10 minu The Rivers of Colcova Pitsana and Pitsora lye under 68 degrees 30 minu Waygates or the Strait of Nassowe lyeth under 69 degâ— 40 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 37. CHAPTER XVI THE DESCRIPTION OF the Ilands of Fero or Ferre also of Hitland Fulo and Fayrhil I. The situation of the Ilands of Fero. The names of the Ilands of Fero. TThe greatest and chiefest Ilands of Fero are twelve in number as Suydro Sando Mogghenes Waghe Stromo Ostro Calso Cuno Bordo Wydro Swyno and Fulo the small Ilands of Fero are tenne as Littledymen Stoerdymen Schuyvo Dalsfles Hesten Trollo Closter Mogghenesholme Monick and the Bishop Besides these there are some rockes small Ilands sixe or seven in number The southerlyest great Iland called Suydro Suydro it reacheth most southeast and northwest about seven or eight leagues On the southeast ende of this Iland there lyeth a high rock called the Monick Monick or Somby Somby after the name of the first or southerlyest haven in Suydro Betweene the Monick and the southeast ende of Zuydro there is a Ras or Well which you must shunne specially at a Spring tyde Upon the west side of this Iland of Suydro there are no havens for shippes to lye at Rode in for it is
aforesaid I desire to know the age of the Moone the 28 of Iulie the Epact is 19 whereunto I adde 5 for the moneths past from March and 28 more for the dayes of the moneth that are past which together maketh 52 from which I subtract 30 there resteth 22 and that is the age of the Moone upon that day that which is here alledged concerneth the New Stile wholly CHAP. XXV Of the Sea-cardes IT is well knowne unto everie man specially to all those that understand the groundes of Cosmographie that the Earth and the Sea together is a round bodie or Globe so that it is impossible in such sort to set downe and shewe the same or the partes thereof in one plat forme or carde that they may be well distinguished without error for it is impossible to make a thing that is round to be like in all proportions with that which is flatte so that the cōmon flatte Sea-cardes many tymes in some places are untrue specially those that set forth great voyages farre from the Equinoctiall but the Sea-cardes that are cōmonly used here aboutes for the East West voyages by Sea they are reasonable true or els the faults therin are so smale that they cannot be any hinderance thereunto they are most fitt Instruments to be used by sea and our old farefathers which first practised them did great pleasure profit unto Seafaring men The want that we finde in them consisteth herein is thus found If a man were to sayle to a place with three points into the Sea the two first points might be sayled by their strokes and distances but from the second to the third place that is the third side of the triple point it wil fayle both in the stretching and the distance Example I sayle from the Lezard with a right course to the Ilands of Canaria and from thence againe to the Ilands of Corvo Flores for the which two strokes and distances my Carde is well made but if I wil sayle again from Corvo to Lezard frō whence I first sayled the Carde will shewe me an imperfect course that is it will shew farther in the Carde then it is and it shal differ also in the stretching so that you must set your course more northerly then the Carde sheweth In our short wayes as aforesaid this is not much marked is litle esteemed but they that sayle to West-India they perceive it well ynough When they sayle outward they hold their way farre southward and there finde their Cardes just with their due lengths because the Cardes are made for the purpose but returning home againe when they hold their course northerly then they finde the way to be shorter then their Cardes shew it The cause thereof is this all the lines in flat Sea cardes from south to north are al over drawn just even each som other from the Equinoctiall to the Pole but upon a round Globe which is made in forme like the Earth they are not of alike widenesse but the more Northerly they are the nearer they come one to the other so that two strokes of south and north at the breadth of 60 degrees are but half so wide one from the other as upon the Equinoctiall Line and under the Pole they fall close together Wherefore if two ships being under the Equinoctiall distant from each other 200 leagues both of them may sayle right north without let or hinderance they would come to the height of 60 degrees and be but 100 leagues one from the other and if they should hold on the same course they would at last meet both together under the Pole but if you should prick the course of those two shippes in a flat Sea-carde the distances in the Carde would remaine alike whereby it is playnely seene that al places in the Sea-cardes lying farr northward are much to great unles they be drawne lesse which cannot well be done without making other places falser but how all such places may be made even and holpen you may see it in the Sea-cardes of West India which were printed and made by us Amongst manie Pilots there is an opinion that they had rather use the written Cardes then such as are printed esteeming the printed Cardes to be imperfect and say that the written Cardes are much better and perfecter they meane the written Cardes that are dayly made by men are everie day corrected the printed never but herein they are not a litle deceived for the printed Cardes in each respect are as good yea better then the written for that the printed Cardes are once in everie point with al care and diligence made perfect in regard that they serve for many for that being once well made all the rest may with as litle labour be made good as wel as bad But the Sea-cardes that are written can not be made so sound nor with such speed because so much cost for one peece alone were to much but are all one after the other with the least labour copied out and many tymes by such persons that have litle or no knowledge therein Whatsoever there is yet resting to be corrected or made better is as easie to be corrected in the Cardes that are printed as in them that are written which wee also are readie to doe at our charge if any man can by good pro shewe us any thing that is to be corrected in the Cardes that are printed by us The ende of the Introduction THE FIRST BOOKE OF THE LIGHT OF NAVIGATION VVHEREIN ARE DESCRIBED AND DRAVVEN all the Coasts and Havens of the VVest Seas as of Holland Zealand Flanders France Spaine and Barbarie ALSO Of the Ilands of Canaria Madera and the Flemish Ilands together with the South and VVest Coasts of Ireland and England AT AMSTERDAM Printed by VVilliam Iohnson dwelling upon the VVater by the Old Bridge at the Signe of the Golden Son-dyall Anno 1612. Set heere the first Carde noted with N. 1. Caarte vande Zuyder-Zee en van de vermaerde Stromen ende Gaten van't Vlie ende Texel wat zanden platen drooghten diepten ende ondiepten daein gheleghen zÿn ende hoemen die zoo in 't op al 's afzeylen schouwen ende mÿden zal Description de la Zuyder-Zee et des tresrenommez fleuves du Texel et Vlie monstrant tous sables bancqs secheresses et autres inconveniens sur lesdictes fleuves et par quel moyen on les peult eviter CHAPTER I. THE DESCRIPTION OF the Streame running in the Flie and the Tessel and hovv you must sayle out of the Flie and the Tessel I To sayle from Amsterdam and Enchuysen to the Flie. TO sayle from Amsterdam to the fal of Urck you must sayle in the middle of the water to Tyort and if you wil sayle from thence over Pampus with a ship that drawes much water that is at least tenne foot or more then keep Marker church without upon the Land of Udam called Schyteldoecks haven so long till the
Steeple of Zuyderwou commeth even with Kinnigherbuert which are the houses that stand half way between Schyteldoecks haven Diergerdam then goe eastward to the Land untill the New church of Amsterdam joynes with Diergerdam keepe the New-church standing so until the church of Weesp is even with the house of Muyen Markes of the deepest water of Pampus if that the church of Muyen standeth nearer then the house kepe Weesp standing so until you see Edam without the east ende of Marcken In this chanel it is almost a foot deeper then if you sayle right through But to shunne Muyer-sand Mariners were woont to bring the houses that were woont to stand upon Tyort southward of the Heyliger-stee of Amsterdam there by a man may make some gesse Markes of Muydersand and they are good long-markes but when Monnikedam is about the west ende of Schiteldoecks haven and the house of Muyen between Weesp and Muyen church then you are against Muydersand But to sayle right through over Pampus you must keepe Diemer steeple above or against the point of Tyort as long as you may see Tyort for that is a right longmarke to sayle over Pampus When you are right against the east ende of Marken then you must goe northeast and somewhat more easterly to the fall of Urck which is almost seven leagues from thence but when you come within a league of Urck then you come to a hard sand called Houtrib which stretcheth southeast and northwest crosse over the water which hath no moore water upon it then is upon the flattes of Wieringen or Vriesland so that you can finde no deeper water upon it then right through Markes of the Houtrib When Enchuysen is northwest northwest-by-west from you then you are upon the Houtrib when Urck lyeth more northerly then northeast from you that you finde Sand that is certainly the Houtrib for you can not sayle so by Enchuysen sand you are not at Enchuysen sand before that Urck church is southward of the buert of houses that stand upon Urck or when the walles of the old church stand right against the middle of the buert then you are about Enchuysen sand Markes of Enchuysen sand then sayle northwest by west til Medenblick commeth without the point of Ven then goe west-north-west to the tonne upon Hofstede Betweene Urck and the Hofstede tonne there lyeth a flatt of hard sand reaching to the ende of Enchuysen sand The flatto betweene Vrck and Hofstede which is no deeper then the Vries-flatt eastward about is the deepest water on the west side which by some men is called Cat-gat you are sooner about the High-horne or Enchuysen sand and it is good for ships that goe not deep when Enchuysen steeple is southwest or more westerly from you then you are upon the flatte The Crosse-markes of the tonnes both upon the Creupel Hofstede are Grootebroeck and Hem Markes of the tonnes betweene Hofstede and the Cripple which are two sharp steeples comming right over against each other then also if a sharp steeple called Warnes cōmeth on the south-side of Stavern clif then you have the length of these tonnes which lye both at 3 fathome the one upon the east banck the other upon the point of the Creupel the right chanel is here 4 fathomes and an half soft ground Markes of Cripple-sand When the steeple of Medenblick is northward of Medenblick howse as farr as the breadth of the house then you have gone by and past Creupel sand then goe to the tonne that lyeth by Kreil north-west north-west-by-north as the winde the streame is the right Chanel here is scarse 5 fathome But when you come against the Kreil in sayling out or about the Kreil sayling in there lyeth right within the Kreil on the north side a hard sand or flatte called South-Kreil which reacheth along towards the tonne at the Hofstede there at a lowe water it is but 9 foot deep but between this banck the north wal it is 3 fathome deepe soft ground and south or west it is 4 fathome and an half deepe Markes of the flattes betweene the Kreil the Hofstede The markes of this flatt are when Mirnes a flat steeple in Friesland is right over a long Land-house which standeth southward from Stavern church then you are right against the said flatt But the markes of the tonne that lyeth before Kreil are tehse when the sharp steeple of Twisch which standeth westward from Memelick is right against the Corne-mill that standeth westward from Memelick Markes of the ton at the Creil and when the flatte Steeple of Mirnes is against the south side or east side of the Clif then you are at the tonne which lyeth at the Kreil and the Chanell is there 4 fathome and an half and 5 fathome soft ground But the tōne lyeth upon 4 fathome and when necessitie compelleth you you may sayle a cables length eastward about then from the tonne at the Kreil to the tonne at the Freese Plact the course is north and by east when Twisck is right north from Memelick then keepe the steeple standing so as long as you can see it so you shall not sayle upon any shallowes betweene the Plaet and the Kreil Betweene the tonne at the Kreil and the Freese Plaet on the west shore there lyeth a hard sand called Monicksand Monicsād which you may shunne well when you are some what out of the way but when you are about the Kreil then you must goe north by east right through over the point of Breesand to the tonne lying west from Worcum with a ship that draweth not much water but the right Chanell is deeper as followeth If you sayle with a ship that draweth much water over the Frees-flatte then set the flat steeple of Pandraghen standing west of Worcum so Markes of the ton at the Frees-plaet that it may stād west from the houses that lye westward from Worcum that is a good Long-marke for the tonne that lyeth at the Frees-Plaet If you have a ship that draweth much water then goe eastward of the tonne about the Freese Plate for there is more water then westward When Warnes Mirnes are right over against each other northward from Stavern then you have the length of this tonne and when you are past this tonne then goe north-north-east so long till Pandraghen commeth betweene the buert of houses and Voorwold if then the Cliffe standeth right upon Stavern there you have the deepest water upon the dryest place of the flatte Deepest water at the Vlack then goe some what more northerly to the tonne that lyeth at the bought for eastward of this tōne it is al flatt water to Freesland The Long-marks of this Tōne at the bought are Markes of the tonne at the bocht when Pandraghen is right against Voorwolde which is a steeple that stādeth westward from Worcum on the water
side you may sayle by this tonne on the east side and if you have a ship that draweth much water then you must goe close west by the tonne that you may not sayle by the point of Breesand which commeth from the west banck These are the Markes of the deepest water upon the dryest part of the flatt when the Newland which is a sharp steeple standing by Bolsweert commeth betweene Voorwold aforesaid and the aforesaid village or buert of houses Markes of the deepest water on the Flat the old Crosse-markes of the tonne at the bought are Mirnes Molqueren Hemelum and some long buert of houses when these four stand together then you have the length of this tonne which lyeth upon 14 foot and between these two tonnes that is the tonne at the Frees-plact and that at the bought is the dryest of the flatte Now when the tonne at the bought is sidewaies on you then goe north and by west and some what more westerly to the tonne lying west from Worcum which lyeth upon these markes Markes of the ton be-west Worcum There standeth a sharp steeple farre within the Land called Harich when it is right over certaine buert-houses which lye northward of Hinloopen called Dertwisch there this tonne lyeth upon the east wall at 16 foot low water the right depth there against it is full 3 fathome The old markes are two villages nearest to Mackum which stand north-east from you come through each other and stand upon the water side and when they are a litle through each other then you shall see two litle steeples some what northerly from Bolsweert which come within verie litle one hard by the other in manner as the other stand separated that stand upon the water side the one is called Idsega houses The Cros-marks are these Crosse-markes there standeth a high house on the east ende of Condom which commeth within a windbomes length neere to the south ende of Hinlopen and when that house commeth on the south ende of Hinlopen thē you are to near the cast banck and when it standeth the length of a cable or more from Hinlopen then you are to neare to the west shore these are the markes of the tonne at west from Worcum From thence to the tonne at Iglepoint the course is north the markes thereof are these there standeth a sharp steeple called Lutgeest with a long village crosse from you when that steeple is within the innermost gap of the long village Markes of the ton at Iglehooke then you are against the tonne and that is a good crosse marke but the long-markes are when the sharp steeple of Pingom is right against the flat steeple of Corenwaert standing upon the water side and Pandraghen is right against a litle house which standeth northward from the village with the gap or when the milles of Stavern stand betweene the towne and the bulwarke of Stavern these are all good Long-markes of the tonne at Igelhooke and this tonne when you sayle outward may be sayled by on the east side and so you may come northward of the middle ground againe into the Vlie-streame but not with great ships From Iglehooke to the Middle ground the course is north south the right depth in the Middle ground is 7 fathome but in the chanell betweene west of Worcum and the Middle ground it is 4 fathome deepe good ground Markes of the boye at the Middlegroūd and the east wall is flat and the west is shoring The tonne of the middle ground lyeth upon these markes when the two sharp steeples which stand northeast or there aboutes from you that is Arum Pingom are both one against the other then you have the length of this tonne or when Bolswert is right north with a house that standeth north from Mackum these are good Crosse-markes of the middle ground Long-markes are these when Kinswaert that is the Looper is right behinde Surich church then you are right in the chanell This Surich church standeth on the water side upon a point of land about northeast and by north from you or when the flat steeple of Wynaldum or Wynaem which standeth north from Harlinghen sheweth betweene Mildum Harlinghen then you are right in the middle ground and unto which side Winaldum standeth nearest unto that shore are you nearest Wynaldum must stand betweene the east ende of Harlinghen and Mildum but Mildum nearest this is a right Long-marke The right chanel in Middlegrond is 7 fathome as aforesaid and both the sides or grounds are shoring When you are through the Middleground will sayle outward to the Vlie you must not sayle by any pointes of sand on the west along to Monick Slot Middle plaet but you must not goe nearer to the west shore betweene the Middle ground and Swanebalgh then three fathome deepe and from Swanebalgh forward going outward you must not goe nearer then 4 fathome and you must be diligent to cast out your lead specially when you come against Schieringshals but whē you come out of the Sea homewards you may sayle under the west shore as it shall hereafter be declared When you come in out of the Sea you may sayle by the ton that lyeth at the Middleground for there is a flatte called Middle flatte which you may sayle eastward about and so come southward of the ton to Iglehooke again into the Vlie-streame but not with great ships Dominicus plaet this Middle plaet lyeth on the east shore on the west shore also you sayle by a flat called Dominicus flatte before you come to the Middle ground which is also called the point of the Waert or Doode balgh upon it there standeth a rowe of beakons northward from this Flatte there is a good Rode right over against the tonne at Swanebalgh for there you have shallowe water and litle streames When you are past the tonne or boye of Middle ground Markes of the ton at Swanbalgh then goe n. n. w. to the tonne at Swanebalgh The Crosse-markes of this tonne are when Bolswaert is right over a smale short house which standeth southward of Cornwaert then you have the length of this tonne and here you may sayle by a point of sand when you goe outward This tonne lyeth at 3 fathome on the east wall on the west wall you may cast out your lead and finde 4 fathome water all along to Schieringshals When you are inward then keepe on the cast shore with a fore-flood Markes of the long reach for it would draw you into this shelf before you were aware of it The markes to sayle along by this long reach are these you may see Mackum with a mill on the waterside which lyeth southeast from you southward from Mackum there is a village with a flatte steeple called Idsegahuysen Now when Pandraghen cōmeth betweene Mackum and this village you neede not feare the point of sand or Doodebaigh but
if Pandraghen be nearest to Idsegahuysen thē you are to neare to the point of sand aforesaid but if Pandragen be nearest to Mackum then you are to neare the cast wall these markes hold in this sort as long as you can see them From the tonne at Swanbalgh to Schuytesandt the course is northwest and something more northerly The tonne at Schuytesand When Wynaldum is right against the point of Harlingen then you have the length of the tonne of Schuytesand The Long-markes are these Bolsworth cōmeth northward of the Sluys which standeth northward of Woens and this tonne lyeth at sixe fathome on the east shore and there it is verie shoring the right depth is 7 and 8 fathome you may sound four or five fathome on the west shore but the east ground is shoring Frō Schuytsand to Kaeshooke the course is west-north-west east southeast and sometimes northwest and by west as the winde and streame is for in this long reach there goeth but half tydes along the deepe then they goe about with the Moone and fall almost crosse the deepe Markes of the ton at Kaespoint or chanell The markes of the tonne at Kaeshooke are when Franicker steeple commeth betweene the mille and the towne of Harlingen and commeth also in the haven of Harlingen or upon the mastes of the shippes which lye in the haven This tonne lyeth on the east wall at 5 fathome you must shunne the innermost point of Kaeshooke a litle both comming in and going out the right chanell is heere aboutes 9 or 10 fathome deepe Old Vlie A litle westward from Kaeshooke lyeth the old Flie stretcheth it self towards the tōne at the Nesse in the Tessel streame The forestood is verie hard at the entering into this chanel and you may sayle from the Sea inward at 4 fathome Markes of the old Vlie it reacheth southward in when Franicker steeple is right north from the steeple of Harlingen then you are right against the old Flie which lyeth on the west shore and is shoring all along to the Flie. Wolfshook From Kaeshooke to Wolfshooke the course is northwest by north the tonne lyeth at 4 fathome on the east side betweene them there lyeth a new shoring drye point whereat there lyeth a tonne To sayle frō Kaeshooke to Wolfshooke first goe north-west and by north or north-west to get above this tonne and after that northwest or north-and-by-west to the tonne at Wolfshooke here it is best that you keepe towards the west wal to shunne the shallowe point aforesaid The Inschot When you are past the tonne at Wolfshooke take heede of the Inschot or Creeke for there the fore flood rūneth in very strongly it is wide broad and it is there as deepe as in the chanel when you come in from the Sea you may sayle by it at 9 or 10 fathome it goeth in northward from the tōne at Wolfshooke you must also beware of the fore-ebbe for that commeth verie strongly out of the Inschot upon Schiernigshals whereby many a ship is cast away From the tonne at Wolfshooke to the tonne of Schieringshals sayle north-north-west and north-west-by-north as the winde and streame serveth for as I said before the fore-ebbe falleth out of the Inschot verie strongly upon Schieringshals and the fore flood verie strongly from Schieringshals into the Inschot Scheringshals Schiringshals is a point of sand which shooteth out from the west wal which as you come in from the Sea you may sayle by at 6 fathome commonly there lyeth a white tonne at it when you sayle in this reach looke well to the streame and to your course that you be not driven into the Inschot nor upon Schieringshals the right deepe betweene Wolfshooke Schieringshals is 10 11 12 fathome From Schieringshals to Longhesand Longsand the course is northwest northwest by north Betweene Schieringshals and Longesand is the best Rode in all the Flie streame Freese or Pompers Rode you goe by the west wall at lowe water and there goeth a litle streame the tonne lyeth at 5 fathome the right depth is 6 and 7 fathome When you come in from Sea you may sayle by Longesand on the east side and by Schieringshals on the west side if you keepe at 7 fathome you can take no hurt on neither side From Longhesand to the Monicke slote the course is north-north-west Upon Vlieland there was wont to stand two Capes that were one against the other men were wont to sayle that Reach up and downe to Wolfshooke but now they are broken off The markes of the tonne at Longsand are these The tonne at Longsand when the high beakon of lettingh cōmeth over the Iland of Grind then you have the length of the tonne at Longsand When you come from Schieringshals will goe to Monickslote then you see the milles upon the Vlieland stand in the middle right against a lowe flat downe which sheweth some what black for it is ful of heath Markes to sayle from Schieringshals to Monickeslote Keepe the milles standing right against it and sayle upon it and so you can not fayle but if the milles stand on the east side of the downes then you are to neare the west wall and when the milles are nearer the west ende of the downes then you are to neare the east wall this is a right Long-marke from Schieringshals to Monickslote II. How you must sayle from Enchuysen to the Vlie and to the Tessel FRom the east ende of Marcken to the south chanell of Enchuysen the course is north and by east five leagues The chanel reacheth about south and north The south chanell of Enchuysen When you will enter into the south chanell then set the mast with the tonne right upon the west blockehouse or steeple and sayle right upon it till Greatbrooke steeple be right against the mille which is in the middle betweene Brookhaven and the Streecke and then you are right against the uttermost tonne then sayle inward along by the tonne to the south Dyke and from thence along before the towne In the south chanell you have 8 foot water in the Rode before Enchuysen it is 3 fathome and a foot deepe at lowe water When Broocke is right against Broockehaven then you are right against the north ende of the Trindel which is a sand of 3 foote deepe lowe water which runneth along from the Dyke towards Leeck and when Wynesser Wierdyke is without the point of Leeck then you are at the south ende of the Trindel You may passe betweene the Dyke this sand at 5 foot lowe water The north chanel of Enchuysen But to sayle out through the north chanel then goe from the Rode to the beakon north and by east and then you shall finde the innermost tonne which lyeth upon these markes Groatebrooke commeth upon the land house which standeth in the boucht of the Dyke and the tower of
the towne house is within a hand-staffe of the east ende of a great house which standeth in the Breestreet From the innermost tonne to the middlemost the course is north and north and by west lyeth upon these Markes the same landhouse is right against Boekarspel and the towre of the towne house is right upon the gavell ende of the great house so that you may see just betweene them From the middle tonne to the north tonne in Hillegat the course is north and north and by west Markes of the uttermost ton in the north chanell and lyeth upon these markes Greatbrooke is right against a lowe land house which standeth north from the high Hayhill which standeth upon the Dyke and Enchuysen steeple is right cast from a high house which is in the middle of the towne in such sort as you may see just betweene them and also when the steeple is right against a Cape which is placed there that is the best marke and by that you finde the uttermost tonne when you come from the Sea and seeke to goe in at the north chanell To sayle from the uttermost tonne from Hillegat to the toÌ„ne upon Creupel Markes of the tonne at Creupel your course is north and by west and north-north-west according to the winde and the streame which lyeth upon these markes Brooke is right against Hem two sharp stteeples as before in the description of the Vlie streame is declared and if you desire then to sayle to the Vlie then sayle from thence to Kreil as in the aforesaid description I have shewed In like sort if comming from Amsterdam through the fall of Urck you desire to goe to the Tessel and are at the tonne at Creupel as aforesaid then take the course hereafter set downe The tonne at Creupell lyeth at 3 fathome water upon the east ende of Creupel sand and from thence to the beakon upon Creupel sand The beakon upon Creupel-sand the course is northwest and northwest and by west when the blunt steeple of Lutkebrooke is right against the sharp steeple of Hem then you have the length of the beakon upon Creupel From the beakon upon Creupel sand to the south tonne upon Wieringer flattes the course is west-north-west and north-west and by west as the winde and streame serveth The markes are South ton upon Wieringhen flattes Grootebrooke steeple is betweene two Hayehilles which stand east from the milles upon the north Dyke that is a Long-marke When the square steeple of Twisch westward of Memelick is right over Almerdorp which in tymes past had a blunt steeple but now it is fallen downe and therefore not so well to be knowne that was a right Crosse-marke But upon Wieringhen there is a Cape set bring that right upon the blunt steeple on the east ende of Wieringhâ—n sayle towardes it you can not misse the south tonne and when Westlander steeple is over Cleverstee which is three or four houses standing upon the west ende of Wieringhen then you may see the south tonne upon Wieringhen Flattes How to shunn the Gammels If you will sayle over Wieringhen flattes when you sayle outward then note that if Twisch first commeth upon Almerdorp then you are to neare the Gammels but if Cleverstee first come upon Westlander church then you are to neare Breesand These are sure markes when there are no tonnes to sayle over the flattes But if you will Ancker before Wieringhen flattes then goe no nearer the flattes then when Twisch is betweene Almerdorp and Opperdoes for when Twisch is right against Almerdorp then you have the length of the south tonne as I sayd before To sayle from the south tonne to Memelick keepe the five water milles the length of a ship on the east or south side of Memelick and so sayle right upon Memelick and sayling so To sayle to Memelick you shall not finde lesse then 11 or 12 foot water at half flood From the south tonne upon Wieringen flattes to the second tonne the course is northwest and northwest and by north but if you wil sayle in the deepest water then from the south tonne you must first saile northwest so long til that Ipelshover church is right against the water mill called the Bolmill and then goe northwest and by north to the second tonne The second tonne lyeth upon the south ende of the flatt called Repel the west chanell thereof is full 2 fathome deepe at lowe water and hardly three fathome at high water The markes of the second tonne are these when the Corne-mill of Wieringhen is right against the open of the Oever Right west from the middle tonne upon Wieringhen flattes there lyeth a hard sand or flatt called the Sowe The Sowe which reacheth to the north tonne and upon it there alwaies standeth a beakon That flat at the east ende is verie shoring When you sayle outward you must leave it on the baghborde and you must be verie circumspect to looke unto it for there it is not broad Markes of the North tonne When you have past by the middle tonne then goe north-north-north-north-west to the north tonne upon the Flatte and when you are right against it then Oostlander church and the cornemill are both right against the litle chapel which standeth upon the Oever which is a chapel covered with red tyles and right against it standeth the beakon upon the Sowe To shuÌ„ne the Sowe Vpon Wieringhen by the Oever there standeth a watch-house when you leave the middle tonne keepe it standing so that you may see betweene the Oever and the watch-house then you shall not come neare the Sowe that is a good Long-marke for such as knowe it When you come to the north toÌ„ne then hold one course until Oostlander church be north from Wierdyke of the Oever because of Iaepvaers Flatte Iapevaers flatte which you must leave on starreborde then goe north and north by west to the beakon upon Vlieter The Vlieter which standeth upon the point of the Waert where you may sayle through the Wieringher shelf But keepe the north tonne right against Memelick steeple as long as you can see it and goe north and by west untill you see the tonne or the beakon upon the Nesse on the west wall for on it there standeth a beakon The Nes. or els there lyeth a white tonne but on the east side a black tonne before the Balck which in sayling up a man may sayle by at 4 or 5 fathome If you will seeke the best Roade before Wieringhen Flattes for shippes that must be lightned then set Westlander church right against the broken church of Strew and there you shall finde the best Rode When you are at the beakon or white tonne upon the Nesse then goe by degrees westerly that is north-north-west northwest and by west northwest to the beakon upon Voglesand The Beakon upon VogelsaÌ„d the west wal may be sounded with the
are past the white tonne then againe it is deeper as three four and against the black tonne at Speckhooke five fathome at lowe water the south wall betweene both is flatte so that you may cast out the lead and sound it the white tonne aforesaid lyeth upon the south ende of Peters sand when you sayle out you must leave it on baghborde and the black tonne on starreborde a man with a ship that is something flatte bottomed may sayle a litle northward from the white tonne over the aforesaid point of Peters sand with twelve foot deepe lowe water and a litle northerly from the northerlyest white tonne of Speckhooke enter againe into the chanell From the black tonne at Speckhooke to the tonne at Hobbesand HobbesaÌ„d the course is north-north-west the right depth there betweene them both is five sixe seven eight nyne fathome The tonne lyeth upon the point of Hobbesand at five fathome deepe lowe water Right over against the tonne at Hobbesand lyeth the most northerly white tonne at Speckhooke The north white ton at Speckhooke you must leave the tonne at Hobbesand on starborde and the white tonne on baghborde on the west shore it is verie shoring and right north from the aforesaid white tonne on the west shore there lyeth a Flatte which at lowe water is cleane drie From the ton at Hobbesand to the tonne at Bos it is north-north-west â—nd that lyeth at five fathome at the ende of the Bos. The Bos. Thâ—â—â—ght depth betweene Hobbesand the Bos is tenne nyne eight fathome The west wall is verie shoring and you must not goe nearer then sixe fathome to the east wall specially with a foreflood for it would easily carrie you behinde the Bos. From the toÌ„ne at the Bos to the tonne at Feyhook Feyhook the course is n. n. w. That is a white ronne and it lyeth at the east ende upon the point of Peters sand at 3 fathome lowe water when you will goe out at the north chanell then you leave it on baghborde and then you must goe southward But to goe out at Bomekens chanel you must leave it on starreborde and against it Bomekens chanell is northwest it is there 7 or 8 fathome deepe lowe water and on the west wall lyeth Peters sand also a drie flatte north from the said drie flatte Slenck through Bomekens ground Right west-north-west from the tonne of Fayhooke there runneth a Slencke through Bomekens ground which at lowe water is about 12 foot deep but it is not marked or shewed The west ende of Bomekens chanell is verie shoring to the ende thereof but the east shore is flatte which may be sounded with the line northwarde from Feyehooke at 3 fathome and an half without any hurt Betweene Feyhooke and the uttermost tonne The uttermost ton in Bomekens chanell there lyeth two tonnes more From Feyhooke to the first of them it is north-north-west that lyeth on the east shore at 5 fathome from thence to the other or almost to the uttermost the course is north and by west and that lyeth in the middle of the chanell at 4 fathome and an half lowe water from thence to the uttermost tonne it is north-north east the uttermost tonne lyeth in the Sea at 10 fathome right without the point of the west land or of Bomekens ground betweene the uttermost tonne and the second tonne at the entrie of the chanell it is 3 fathome lowe water When you are at the uttermost tonne then the steeple of Brandaris the west cape of the Schellingh are one against the other and stand about south-east and some what more easterlie from you when you sayle out at that chanell that you come to the first tonne at Feyhooke you may goe out along by the cast land at 3 and 3 fathome and an half most part north-north-east leave the two uttermost tonnes a good way from you on baghbord for the east shore is altogether flat and good to be sounded with the lead TO sayle out at the north chanel To sayle out at the north chanel sayle just south to the toÌ„ne at Feyhooke n. and by east to the old Legger which lyeth on the south wall at 3 fathome the water is 4 fathome deepe Betweene the tonne at Feyhooke the Bos it is verie narrowe and the Bos is there verie shoring so that you cannot sound it all along to the old Legger where it is flatter so it may there be founded Petersand or the north wall also is verie shoring From the old Legger to the new Legger the course is northeast and by east east north east that lyeth also on the south shore at two fathome an half the right depth against it is 3 fathome and an half when you come to the newe Legger A Slenck through Petersand then Brandaris steeple lyeth south-south-east from you From the new Legger there runneth a Slencke crosse through Petersand north-north-west into the Sea upon the entrie at lowe water you have 12 foot deepe There standeth a cape upon the Schellingh a litle eastward by the cape of Bomekens chanel which is right against Brandaris when you come to the new legger and then it standeth with the steeple south-south-east from you you must hold the cape so right against Brandaris and then goe n.n.w. into the Sea It is a faire Slenck for flat bottomed shippes the west wal is shoring but the east side is flatte so that you may sound it wel But to goe out of the north chanel from the new Legger then the course from the new Legger to the second tonne froÌ„ without inward is east-north-east and that lyeth at the east ende of the Bos at 14 foot deep low water in the chanel right against it it is no deeper From thence to the uttermost toÌ„ne it is e. n. e. which lyeth in the Sea right without the east point of Petersand at 3 fathome when you are at it then the most northerly cape at the Schellingh is right against Brandaris and then they are s s w. from you then you are out of the chanel BUt to goe out of the Land-deepe from the Schellingh with ships that goe not very deepe To sayle out of the Land-deep of the Schelligh then goe betweene the toÌ„ne at Hobbesand and the tonne at Bos northeast to the northwest point of the Schellingh then sayle over the point of Ielmers Flat to 4 fathome and being over it is againe 6 and 5 fathome deepe then sayle close along by the strand of the Schellingh Ielmers Flatte for so you cannot doe amisse if you sayle not bluntly upon the shore The north shore or the Bos is fine and flatte which you may sound al along at 3 fathome or 2 fathome and an half when you come to the ende of the Bos that is right against the secoÌ„d tonne of the north chanel there it is flat and there is no more
Huysduynen to Petten it is 4 leagues south and by west Petten Petten hath a smale church with a litle steeple about Petten you may see two other sharp litle steeples in the North land full south there aboutes lyeth the Houtbosch A league south from Petten lyeth Camper Downe Camper-downe which is the best land there aboutes to be knowne the north ende is a slope steep white banck which runneth stope downewards but the south part thereof is graye and rough overgrowne with heath on the south side thereof there are many rugged knottes or downes and sometymes there runneth a white blenck under it whereby it is verie easily to be knowne From Petten to Egmont upon the Sea Egmont upon the Sea it is 3 leagues Egmont upon the Sea also is verie wel to be knowne for it hath a thick flatte steeple which standeth lyke a sayle in the downes and a litle to the south from it there you may see Egmont within Egmont within which hath two high towres upō the Abbay which stand one right against the other whereof the one is sharp the other to wete that which is most north is flat for that one of the speeres thereof fell downe not long since On the north side of the Abbay there is yet a towre of the church which yet standeth upon the old wall but it is not so high as that upon the Abbay So that upon the whole coast of Holland there is no place so well to be knowne as this From Egmont upon the Sea to Wyck upon the Sea VVyck upon the Sea it is three leagues which also hath a flatte steeple when you are over against Wyck upon the Sea then north from thence you may see the steeple of Beverwyck which is a great high speere steeple besides this betweene Egmont Wyke upon the Sea you may see Castricom and other speere steeples From Wyke upon the Sea to Sandvoort it is 3 leagues Sandvoort Sandvoort hath a speere steeple with a high beakon which standeth right south from it in the black downes which sheweth like a steeple North from Sandvoort there lyeth a high white downe where you may see Haerlem Haerlem over it which is a high four square crosse church with a high spere steeple which stādeth in the middle of the church and on the north side also an other long small spere steeple called Backenesser steeple Heere aboutes the Coast of Holland hath a great Creeke or Inwyke From Sandvoort to Nortwick Nordwyc upon the Sea it is 3 leagues it is a flat steeple and right against it there standeth a beakon north from Northwick upon the Sea you may see Northwick within the land which is a flat steeple whereon there is a litle cape not verie high and in the middle of the church ther is a smal towre Frō Northwick to Catwick Catwick upon the Sea it is a league which also hath a flat steeple which in tymes past had a spere right south from it there standeth a high beakō which you may easily see before the steeple there aboute also you see within the land when you are not far frō the land Catwick upon the Rhine Rinsburgh Valckenburgh which are all spere steeples From Catwick to Scheveling Scheveling are 3 leagues the quier of Scheveling church is higher then the bodie of the church as the Haeghes church is ful south frō that church there standeth also a beakon about half a league within the land you may see the Haegh church it is verie wel to be known From Scheveling to the Heyde it is two leagues and from thence to Gravesand Gravesād or the north point of the Mase it is a league the Heyde is a village without a steeple but a litle within the downs there standeth a flat steeple called Monster But Gravesant is an high spere steeple which is verie well to be knowne standeth on the north point of the Mase The Briel The Briel is a flatte steeple and that standeth upon the south point of the Mase and this whole coast of Holland from Huysduynen to the Mase is altogether a faire strand you may goe as near unto it as you will at four or five fathome water or thereaboutes Thus the coasts of Holland lyeth and sheweth betweene Huysduynen and Wyck upon the Sea when you sayle along by it about two leagues from the land Egmont within Beverwyck Tooghe Petten Camperduyn Egmont on the Sea Wyck of Sea Thus appeareth the coast of Holland betweene Wyck upon the Sea and the Mase as one sayleth along by it about a league and an half from the land Haerlem The Haegh Monster Sandvoort Noortwyck Catwyck Scheveling Gravesand III. How to knowe the land about the Mase and how you must sayle into the Mase as the expert and skilfull Pilot of the Briel Iacob Bouwenson gave me instruction at large in November 1607. ON the north side of the Mase lyeth Gravesand which hath a high speere steeple which is called our Ladie steeple which is the best to be knowne of all others in the Mase and a litle eastward from it there standeth a flatte steeple called Monster on the south side of the Mase upon the land of Vooren you shall see a great flatte steeple which is within the Briel Westward from the Briel standeth Eastvooren which is a flattish steeple with a smale speere upon it like to the Haeghs steeple Thus appeareth the land of Vooren as you are about a league without the Mase Briel Eastvooren To sayle into the Mase If you will sayle into the Mase then sayle til you bring both the capes which stand upon the land of the Briel one right against the other and then they will be about east and by south and east-south-east from you and sayle so upon them and you shall finde the uttermost tonne which lyeth at four fathome an half at lowe water then the Haegh steeple is verie neare right against Monster which is a flatte steeple which standeth a litle inward to the land from the Haye From the first tonne to the second the course is east-south-east and so forward along to the fift tonne so that from the first tonne to the fift you sayle along by the markes of the cape but then you must leave them The second tonne lyeth at three fathome and an half water the third at the rising of the threshold at three fathome the fourth at the dryest of the entrie at two fathome but the fift tonne againe lyeth at three fathome and being at it you are past the shallowest al the tonnes in the Mase lye on the north side of the haven and are so neare one unto the other that a man may easily see from the one to the other you must sayle betweene the tonnes and the land three or four shippes length southward from the tonne it is the deepest water From the fift to the sixt tonne so
you sayle not upon the heads you can not goe amisse upon the Dykes VII To sayle into the Botkill SteenbaÌ„ck TO sayle into the Botkill you must do it by day and take heede of Stonebanck which is a banck lying a league an half from the Land of Walcheren along in the Sea stretching to the Botkill The markes of this banck are these there standeth a steeple betweene Eastchappel Markes thereof and Westchappel called Domburgh now when the steeple of Middleburgh standeth just betweene Eastchappel Domburgh then you are at the eastende of this banck and when Middleburgh and Domburgh are one against the oâ—her then you are right over against the middle of that banck but when Westchappel is east-south-east from you or in a black valley in the downes then you are against the west ende of that banck If you will goe within or sayle eastward about that banck to enter into Botkill To sayle about on the east side of the SteenbaÌ„ck to Botkill then place Middleburgh steeple half way betweene Eastchappel Domburgh but let Eastchappell be nearest and so go towards the strand at 4 fathome and an half 5 5 fathome and an half and cast out your lead along by the wall but when you come betweene Domburgh and Westchappell there runneth a sand off from the Wall called the Cloots which take heede of therfore sayle south-south-west or south-west by south forward so long untill that Westchappel standeth southeast from you or in a black valley in the downes keepe it standing so untill that the two steeples of Eastchappel Domburgh be one against the other and hold the Mayland side at 4 and an half 5 and 6 fathome deepe And the two towres aforesaid that is Eastchappell S. Achten or Domburgh are a litle past each other then presently you finde deeper water that is 9 or 10 fathome then sayle southeast or southeast by south as the winde sâ—rves along the strand to Flushing But if you will sayle without or about on the west-side of the Stone banck to the Botkill To sayle on the west-side of the stone-baÌ„ck into the Botkill then runne so long about east or west as you see your waie untill that Westchappel be east-southeast from you and then Westchappel standeth in a black valley of the downes sayle so long â—owards it untill the steeples aforesaid of Eastchappel Domburgh are one somewhat past the other then as aforesaid you get deeper water then runne forward along by the land of Flushing the Sea-coast there lyeth southeast and southeast by south When you are against Souteland then ruÌ„ne close by the foot-strand A Flatte against Souteland for against Souteland there reacheth out a Flatte and you must sayle through betweene that Flatte and the strand and there it is not verie broad The land of Walcheren is a lowe plaine land to see to but upon it there standeth manie steeples which for the most part in times past were sharp steeples but at this time the most part of them are flatte Flushing hath a spier steeple but Westchappel hath a high flatte steeple From Flushing to Westchappel it is three leagues and betweene both there lyeth manie rough downes the land betweene them reacheth northwest and by north Next to Flushing standeth Koukerck which is a sharpe steeple but next to Westchappel standeth Souteland which is a flattish steeple When you are in the Deurloy then Westchappel standeth bare without downes FroÌ„ Westchappel to Domburgh it is a league that also is a sharp steeple and standeth next the strand a quarter of a league eastward standeth Eastchappel which is a flat steeple About a league eastward from the Hacken or Polder which is the north ende of the land of Walcheren there is a lowe downish land to behold Southeast up from this Hacken lyeth the Polder which also is a flatte steeple By it also there standeth another flatte steeple called Sandwick Veer also hath a short thick flatte steeple and upon that steeple there standeth a smal speere so that it is verie easie to be known But Middleburgh hath a high speere steeple which is higher then all the rest Thus the land of Walcheren sheweth it self when you are in the Deurloy or before the Splete VVestchappel Souteland Middleburgh-Souburgh Koukerck Flushing VIII How you must sayle in and out of the Deurloy IF you wil sayle into the Deurloy then you must runne over the Raen The Raen with your lead untill the sconce is a masts length from Westchappel that is that Westchappel standeth a mast length northward from the sconce sayle towards it untill the castle of Sluys be right east froÌ„ the high downs of Casand there at a foreflood you shall finde four fathome water which is upon the threshold of the chanel where it will strait be over and then you shall finde it a great half fathome deeper Now when the castle of Sluys standeth on the east corner of the high downes of Casand then goe in southeast and southeast and by south untill that Middleburgh commeth to the high downes which are betweene the Isehooke and Souteland then change your course and goe east towards Flushing and you shall neither sayle by Shallowes nor Sands If you desire to come out of the Deurloy then froÌ„ Flushing goe west so long untill the castle of Sluys be east from the high downes of Casand keepe those markes standing so and goe northwest and by north forward but as winde and streame serveth and as you sayle on this sort out then marke the castle of Sluys and if it be east from the downes of Casand aforesaid then you must hold your course somewhat more westerly and if the castle standeth westward then you must hold your course more northerly and hold it so standing east of the downes as aforesaid untill that Westchappel be a mast length northward from the sconce then you are without all the Sandes that may hinder you and may set your course whether you will IX How to sayle into the Splete THe Splete lyeth betweene the Deurloy and the Wielingen he that desireth to sayle into the Splete or the Wielinges he must knowe that from the banck of the English Pol there reacheth a banck along the coast to Ostende which is called the Trip The Trip. which is about a quarter of a league broad hard sand verie good anckor ground when you come out of the Sea you may perfectly sound the Trip with your lead all along the drougth and it is verie hard Sand. When Blanckenburgh standeth southeast and by east from you then upon the Trip it is 6 fathome deepe with a lowe water and the more westerly the deeper upon the Trip. When you come southeastward a musket shot length or more over the drougth or hardnes of the Trip then presently it is half a fathome deeper and soft ground which is the chanell of the Wielinges If you will sayle into the
must goe over close by the banck it is 3 fathome deepe To sayle into Duynkerck At Duynkerck they burne fire by night from half flood to half ebbe and no longer if you will enter into it you must understand that the lowest beakons stand nearest to the water which you must keepe one right against the other till you be within the heads shunne the west-side and runne in close by the east-head into the haven the west-head lyeth further into the Sea then the other doth To sayle into Greveling Greveling is a tyde-haven vvhere you must enter at high water there stand beakons vvhich you must hold one against the other so sayle in betvveene the heads on the vvest-side there is a Sand-banck vvhich you must shunne But vvhen you goe along by the coast of Flanders through Wolbrechsont and that you come at last to the Smal-banck then you come to the vvest ende of the Sand that lyeth out at Greveling which reacheth farre into the Sea on the east-side thereof you may goe into the haven of Greveling and there a great waie it is flat water but by night you must runne in right upon the fire and right west from the haven of Greveling there lyeth a banck of five fathome about west into the Sea There you may runne over it at three fathome This Sand is called the Neweland which lyeth along by the land to the haven of Calis When you are past that Sand of Newland then sayle to the east head of Calis To sayle into Calis and goe in close by the head to the towne when you are within the west-head then you must turne westward into the Cuype where you lye drie at lowe water but from the west-head there commeth a Sand-banck falling off but you must runne in betweene that Sand-bancke and the east-head when it is tyde there are two fires by which you goe in There lyeth also crosse from the west-head of Calis a banck of two fathome betweene the head or Mayeland and this banck you may goe through at 3 fathome half flood the banck is two fathome deepe and under Calis cliffe you may anckor at 10 fathome at the east-ende but at the west-ende there lyeth a rock under the water which is about a Culvers shotte from the land and this Calis Cliffe lyeth betweene Calis and Swartenesse whereof somewhat shall be spoken in the chapter enseweing XIIII The scituation and stretching of the Flemish banckes ABout two leagues from Ostende lyeth the Tricx The Tricx a banck whereon there is not above 15 or 16 foot water When the Old church is right against the steeple of the Newe church then you are against this banck and when S. Catelines steeple is right against Ostende then you sayle against that banck betweene this banck and the head of Ostende there lyeth another banck of 3 fathome water Betweene Ostende Newport there lyeth 4 bancks which begin al four right against Ostende the 2 nearest the land ende against Newport the other two reach almost to Duynkerck along the land The first is called the Geere Geere betweene this banck and the land there goeth a chanel of 8 9 10 fathome The 2 called Laland Laland which endeth also against Newport betweene these two bancks there runneth also a chanel of 8 9 fathome The 3 is called Stroom Stroom which rūneth almost to Duynkerck on the east ende having a point which reacheth east ending almost against Newport it is a banck of 3 or 4 fathome and of 5 and 6 fathome at the east ende The 4 called Sandele Sandele Calbanck Calbanck or Oudemoers banck Oudemoers-banck rūneth along by Breebanck the utmost ende is at least 2½ leagues long Such shippes as desire to goe into Duynkerck and will not sayle along by Flanders runne about without these banckes til they come against Breebanck and then goe in by it at 5 or 6 fathome The chanel is 15 fathome deepe Markes of these bancks and everie one of these four banckes hath a drie polder when two flat steeples southward from Newport stand a bowe length frō each other then you are right against these four Sands which are no deeper with a lowe water then 1 fathome at a spring flood fall almost drie Betweene all these banckes you may anckor at 9 10 11 13 fathome vvithout it is 9 10 11 12 fathome deepe you may runne over them at 4 fathome but vvhen you are vvestward frō them then it is deeper that is 8 9 and 10 fathome Broers banck Broers-banck is three cornerd it lyeth close by the lād against Broers the Closter in the downes reacheth from the land about vv n. vv a league into the Sea vvhen the Closter in the dovvnes or Broers lyeth s from you then you are on the inside of Broers banck you may passe along betvveene this banck and the land at 4 fathome lovve vvater but cōmonly men goe vvest about it vvhē they sayle along by Flanders vvithin the bancks Right westward from Broersbanck lyeth Cams banck Cams-banck which is 3 fathome deepe which lyeth upon manie Sandes you may also runne betweene this banck the land at 8 9 10 fathome you may also ride there safely against all windes upon the land of Flanders betweene this sand Broers banck it is 5 fathome deepe when you goe between this banck the land you goe alōg by Quadebāck to the entrie of the chanel before Duynkerk Quadebanck Quabāck is a bāck which eastward frō the head of Duynkerck falleth of about 2 leagues west ending against the heads of Duynkerck East frō the east-head of Duynkerck havē you may lye at rode safe against a n.w. north n. e. winde behinde this banck there it is 2 fathome deep lowe water but at the entrie it is drier Before the mouth of the haven at Duynkerck it is 9 or 10 fadome deepe on the west side of the west-head of Duynkerck it is 6 7 or 8 fathome From thence you may goe over the Smal-banck Smal bāck at 3 fathome goe towards the Broad-banck this Smal-banck lyeth right crosse before the haven of Duynkerck betweene Duynkerck and the Broad-banck From the west-head of Duynkerck there runneth a banck toward Greveling two leagues which is called the Splinter Splinter there on the west side you may saile under the Rode at 10 8 6 5 fathome you must sayle in close by the foot strand you may sayle in betweene the land and this banck almost to the west-head of Duynkerck but you must sayle out of it againe backward When you ar a good waie past the head of Duynkerck about s w from the Splinter then you rūne over a sand of 2 fathome which is called Wilbaertsondt Vvilbaertsondt being over it it is 10 11 12 fathome deepe againe When Borburger steeple is in the valley of the downs then you
are against this banck with these markes you may sayle through the banckes n.n.w. into the Sea and so come to the point of the Broad-banck at 4 fathome and then when you turne somewhat towards the land againe at 12 13 or 15 fathome then you may also sayle through the Broad the Small banck e. n. e. or e. by n. till you have past the Closter in the downes or Broers banck which commeth downe froÌ„ the Closter a league into the Sea eastward past this banck it beginneth to be flat water against Newport 4 or 5 fathome when you are past Newport chose then the MaylaÌ„d at 8 or 9 fathome keeping close by the land then you shall ruÌ„ne between the land and a banck called Geere which reacheth towards Ostende but wheÌ„ you are against Ostende you are free of the bancks then you may safely put to Sea to goe to the Wielinges There lye yet five long bancks along by the coast of Flanders when Greveling is s e. from you then you are against the south ende of those banckes when Newport is s e. from you then you are against the north ende of those banckes Markes of the Flemish banckes they are verie long betweene each of them there goeth a white chanel of 8 9 12 15 16 18 19 20 fathome deepe each of a severall depth The uttermost banck which is most westerly reacheth not farre northward lyeth from Calis Cliffe n. n. e. about 4 leagues an half and is 3 fathome and an half deepe betweene this the other banck there goeth a white chanel of 23 24 fathome The second banck lyeth from Calis Cliffe The Cliffe northeast and by north about 4 leagues and there it is 5 or 6 fathome deepe but at the south ende there is a polder or sand of a fathome and an half When the south ende of Winocxbergen is betweene the two flat steeples or towres that stand westward of Duynkerck then you are against this Polder which is called the Cliffe There stand also three or four milles eastward from Duynkerck when the uttermost is against the east ende of the towne or wall that also is a good marke of this polder or sand and Duynkerck towre will then stand about southeast froÌ„ you four leagues Betweene this and the third sand there is also a chanell of 12 and 13 fathome The third banck lyeth northeast from Calis Cliffe and is 4 and 5 fathome deepe and at the south and north endes of this banck are polders or sandes that most south is a fathome deepe and lyeth also upon the markes of Winocxbergen about northwest and somewhat westerlyer from Duynkerck which is called the Polder of the dyke or Dyke-polder The other polder or shallowe of this banck is about four fathome and a quarter and is called the Ruyting The Ruyting When the Closter in the downes is south east froÌ„ you then you are against the Ruyting Upon this banck you must be warie for the Ruyting lyeth almost in the chanel and with a lowe water they have but two fathome deepe are verie dangerous The fourth banck called Retlebanck Retlebanck lyeth north-east and by east from Calis Cliffe and is 3 4 5 and 6 fathome deepe at the southende whereof also is a shallowe of a fathome deepe at low water with a spring-streame these polders are drie Betweene this also there goeth through a chanel of 19 and 20 fathome so also the aforesaid banck Betweene all the banckes aforesaid there runne faire chanels which you may laveere from one banck to the other and betweene al the said banckes you may anckor where you wâ—ll The south ende of Breebanck BreebaÌ„ck lyeth east-north-east from Calis Clif and hath a sand or shallowe at the south ende of two leagues long and all through is three and four fathome deepe Westward from this banck there goeth a great chanell of 19 and 20 fathome which reacheth farthest northward so that the north ende thereof is northwest and southeast from Newport but it lyeth farre without the land so that the north ende of these three banckes may well be the same which is called the Broers banck for they lye right with the north ende against Broers banck and the Closter in the downes lyeth then south-south-east from you about 4 or 5 leagues and at the north ende they are 6 7 and 8 fathome deepe XV. Of the running of the streame in all these places aforesaid IN the North Sea the streame falleth in round more then half a tyde in the Breadth 14 it followeth the Sonne or the moone falleth but one quarter right along the Sea comming along by the coasts against Holland and Sealand the streame whether it be ebbe or flood runneth right to the land but in the middle of the tyde then the streame runneth right along the Sea but at the last of the tyde it will runne inward to the Sea whether it be westward or northward How the streames fall into the Marsdeepe is also declared before that the foreflood and the latter ebbe fall northward crosse the chanels to the last quarter of the tyde and the latter flood with the fore ebbe contrarily southwards over the grounds The flood runneth not into the Mase before it be a quarter flood and although the foreflood falleth towards the land into the chanell yet the latter ebbe coÌ„meth out of the chanell over the Sands and so fall againe one with the other into the Sea But if you will sayle into the Veerhaven or chanel you must understand that the flood falleth not right in before the moone be right southeast and southeast and by south and then it is about half flood for along by Sealand side the flood falleth outward along the Bangaert northward against Sealand in the chanell a third part of the flood falleth towards the land then it beginneth to fall northeast and by north Betweene Marsdeepe and the Mase in the chanell the foreflood commeth out of the north Sea and so followeth after the moone falling towards the land n. e. and n. e. and by n. Along by the Flemish banckes the foreflood falleth to the land over the bankes and in the middle of the flood it falleth right into the Sea but the latter flood falleth northward into the right chanell XVI What moone maketh high water in these places BEfore the pointes or hookes of the Tessel an east and west moone maketh a high water Betweene Haerlem and Petten a w. n. w. and e. n. e. moone maketh a full Sea Before the Mase a s w. and by w. and a s e. by e. moone make a full Sea Along by Sealand in the chanell without the Flemish bankes a south west moone maketh a full Sea Before the Wielinges a southwest and s s w. moone maketh a full Sea Along by the coast of Flanders upon the land a north and south moone make a full Sea Before Fulshing and
the Veere it is full Sea with a south and by west and a north and by east moone Before Ramekens Armue a s s w. moone makes a ful Sea Before the Briel a southwest and northeast moone Before Delfs haven a w. s w. moone maketh full Sea Before Rotterdam a s w by s moone maketh high water Before Marsdeepe an east west moone maketh full Sea Before Tessel at Copevaerders Rode an e. s e. and w. n. w. moone maketh high water Vpon Wieringer Flat it is high water with a s e. moone XVII Of the depths against these places and at what depths a man may see the land BEtweene the Marsdeepe the Heads in the right chanel it is 23 or 24 fathome deepe but cōming by Goodwin or about the Foreland it is 26 28 and 30 fathome deepe the nearer Goodwin the deeper water Right without the Flemish banckes it is 18 19 20 fathome deepe Betweene the Breadth-fourteen and the land it is deepe 19 fathome as soone as it is 16 or 17 fathome then you begin to see the land upō the Breadth-fourteene it is 14 fathome deepe The high steeples of Holland and West Vreesland are seene sooner then the downes as Egmont upon the Sea the steeples of Egmont within Wyck upon the Sea Sandvoord and other steeples and then you are about 5 leagues from the land and then it is 14 or 15 fathome deepe But Camper downes and the downes against Hhaerlem are seene before some steeples now most of the steeples are flatte except Scheveling and Sandvoort Before the Mase and Goree you may see land at 14 or 15 fathome You may see Sealand frō the poope of the ship at 16 fathom You may see Flanders at 15 or 16 fathome and then you are within the tayle of the Flemish banckes The Clif of Calis the point of Dover may be seene when you are before the Heads at 24 fathome XVIII How these places lye one from another FRom Tessel to Petten south by west 4 leagues From Petten to Egmont s s west 4 leagues From Egmont to the Mase south south w. 15 leagues From the land of Vooren to Goree southwest 2 leagues From Goree to the land of Schouwen south w. 2 leagues From the land of Schouwen to Walcheren south w. 4 leagues From Flushing to Blanckenhergh w. s w. 10 leagues From Blanckenbergh to Ostende s w. by west 2 leagues From Ostende to Newport west southwest 3 leagues From Newport to Duynkerck west south west 5 leagues From Duynkerck to Greveling west south west 4 leagues From Greveling to Calis w. s w. 4 leagues From Calis to Calis Cliffe southwest and by west 1 league XIX How these places lye distant from other countries FRom Tessel to Bornriffe the course southwest northeast about 12 leagues From Tessel to the Mase the course s s w. 24 leagues From the Mase to Kaybanck the course s w. n. e. 18 leagues From Tessel to Pas of Calis southwest somewhat more southerlyer n. e. and somewhat more northerlyer 52 leagues Calis lyeth s w. by south from Tessel then you come upon the Flemish bancks and the Foreland lyeth s w. from Tessel then you come upon Goodwin or Querens Therefore everie man must be verie warie and take heede thereof The Flemish Banckes may be sounded with the lead at 15 16 fathome and the chanel is 24 25 fathome deepe But Goodwin is steepe and uneven for at one casting of the lead you have 26 fathome and at another cast of the lead you shall be fast upon the Sand the south ende of Goodwin you may sound at 15 and 16 fathome From Tessel or Marsdeepe to Calis Cliffe s w. by s 52 leagues From Tessel to the Foreland south-southwest 47 leagues From Tessel to Orfordnesse west-south-west 36 leagues From Tessel to Yarmouth west w. by s 32 leagues From Tessel to Schilt or Crammer west 40 leagues From Tessel or Marsdeepe to Flamborough-head w.n.w. 60 le From Marsdeepe to Lieth in Schotland northwest and by west and somewhat more northerlyer 100 leagues From Marsdeepe to Newcastle w. n. w. and somewhat northherlyer 81 leagues From Tessel to Bokenes n. w and n. w. by n. 118 leagues From Marsdeepe to Aberdyne northwest and somewhat northerlyer 113 leagues From Marsdeep to Lieth of Bergen in Norwaie n. 117 leagues Frō Marsdeepe to the northende of Hitland n.n.w. 160 leagues Then you fall about five leagues eastward of the land From Marsdeepe to the Neuse n. and by e. 93 leagues From the Mase to Nase e. and by w. 29 leagues From the Mase or Goree to Dover s w. and by w. 36 leagues From Flushing to the Foreland east and west somewhat southerlyer 24 leagues From the Wielings to Dover w. s w. 24 leagues Out of Pas de Calis to the Riffe n. n. east 120 leagues From Calis Cliffe to the Neuse in Norwaie n. by e. 153 leag XX. Vnder what degrees these places be HUysduynen lyeth just under 53 degrees sayle east out of the North Sea and you shall see it The north cape or point of the Mase lyeth under 52 deg you shall sayle by it when you sayle east under this heigth Flushing Ramekens and Westchappel lye under 51½ degrees under this heigth are east from you The Pas of Calis Dover lye under 51 degrees 12 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 3. CHAPTER III. A DECLARATION HOVV a man shall sayle all the Sea-coasts and Havens of Picardie and Normandie betweene Calis and Cape de la Hague And What Banckes Sandes Cliffes or Rockes and Shallowes are there to be found and how you may shunne them I. To sayle from Calis to Diepen IN the middle of the Heads betweene Calis and Dover lyeth the banck of Vrouwesand Vrouwesandt of 5 6 7 and 8 fathome deepe the shallowest or dryest part of Vrouwesand lyeth about west by south from Calis Cliffe south and south by west from Dover where it is dryest and no deeper then 4 fathome This banck aforesaid reacheth along the land of Swartenesse and lyeth nearest to the French side it is at least 4 leagues long on both sides of this banck both on the east and west sides it is 20 and 21 fathome deepe Crosse from the west-head of Calis there lyeth a banck of 2 fathome you may sayle betweene the head or Mayeland this banck at 3 fathome with half flood you may anckor under Calis Cliffe Rode to anckor under Calis Cliffe at the east ende at 10 fathome water but at the west-ende of Calis Cliffe there lyeth a Rocke under the water the length of a Culver shot from the land The high land betweene Calis and Swartenesse is called Calis Cliffe A league an half southward from Calis lyeth Swartenesse Swartenes which is a foule point lying out by the which there lyeth certaine Rockes you cannot anckor there for the ground in that place is
closeth againe then you shall see the great Sand-baye with two or three houses sayle to it untill you are within the south-point of the haven for as I said before it is foule and rockie then sayle upon the north-point of the haven theÌ„ you sayle the haven open againe and so goe through the middle of the chanel and anckor therein as is taught you before To sayle from Ferol to Corongne the course is south How to sayle into Corongne and south and by west about four litle leagues but when you come to the west-land you must shunne it at least four or five cables length for it is not verie faire when you come to the point wheron the castle standeth then you see a litle Iland with a small house upon it you may sayle by it within half a cables length and goe about by it and then goe up westward till you come before the Fisshermens village and there anckor at 6 7 or 8 fathome water From C. de Prior to Corongne the course is south and north 6 leagues to sayle from thence to the Carongne you must also doe as I said before You may sayle into the haven or entrie of the Carongne 5 or 6 leagues right southeast in comming from Farol or Cysarga passing by the Coruna or Corongne to Fontaine Fontaine or Pitance Pitance where on the west-side under a rowe of rockes you may anckor at 10 or 12 fathome and you may runne so farre inwards that you may see no Sea Right against la Corongne e. n. e. lyeth another haven called Pont de Mas Pont de Mas. which teacheth in eastward wherein also you may runne so farre that you can see no Sea there also you may anckor at 10 or 12 fathome There lyeth a rowe of rockes on the north-side and over the river there goeth a great bridge He that commeth out of the west from Cysarga must goe in e. s e. untill he be a litle within the steeple which standeth on the west-point of the Corongne for on the west-side it is altogether foule so long till it beginneth to come right against the castle and then doeing as I said before West-northwest from the Corongne 8 leagues lyeth the Iland of Cyzarga Cysarga and from Cape Prior it is w. s.w 8 leagues But from Cape Ortegal it is southwest by west 17 leagues this Iland of Cysarga which by us is called Cesarien is round about foule Thus Cape Prior sheweth it self beiâ—g the east-point of Corongne The Land lying east from Corongne sheweth thus when it is southeast from you IIII. To sayle from the Iland of Cysarga to Cape de Finisterre FRom the Iland Cysarga south and by west and s s w. lyeth the haven of Queres Queres which is a good haven the west-side is faire but the east-side is foule therefore you must goe in along by the west-side and when you are betweene the two landes then runne in through the middle of the chanel to the point then turne up westward a league inwards there anckor at 7 8 9 fathome it is a faire haven for great shippes From the Iland of Cysarga southwest and by west and westsouthwest 12 or 13 leagues lyeth the east-point of Monsy Cape de Bylem called Cabo de Bilem it is a high slopeing point with many craggie rockes lying loose off froÌ„ the land as if it were a steeple it sheweth black and is called the Monck Monck There lyeth a great rowe of rockes right before the haven of Monsy Rockes before Monsy s w and by s from Monck but the innermost ende of them lyeth south and by west from the Monck for they are at least two or three cables in length when you fall upon Monsy it is double land and about Cape de Finisterre lyeth a high white sand reaching into the land as if it were a sand-baye And as you come about Cape de Finisterre you see also a craggie hill which runneth in so farre southwards that you may see it before Mores If you will enter into Monsy comming from Cysarga To sayle into Morsy you must goe in close by Cape de Bylem or Bellem this point is altogether a high craggie sharp land full of high steepe rockes as I said before and when you are by the point you must hold Cape de Coriane a shippes length without Cape de Cotte so long untill S. Maries church commeth without the point of Monsy then goe into the east-chanel East-chanel with these markes and sayle in s s e. till you passe by the church then you shall see a rowe of rockes runne in behinde them and anckor there before the village of Monsy at 5 6 or 7 fathome as you sayle thus from Cape Bylem to Monsy theÌ„ the rockes that lye in the middle before the haven are about a quarter of a league inward to the Sea from you To sayle in at the west-chanel West-chanel you must goe east-southeast easely along by the land when our Ladies church commeth without the point then you must goe towards the rocks which lye before Monsy as aforesaid and anckor within the rockes at seven or eight fathome but goe not too farre in for there shooteth out a sand along the haven which is verie drie The east-chanel is better to enter then the west chanel but sayle not into Monsy before you see the church without the point you may also anckor well on the north-side of the haven at 5 6 or 7 fathome South from the village of Monsy there is a creeke before the which there lyeth a shallowe reaching e.n.e. two cables length along by the haven Our Ladies church the Monke lye distant from each other n. and by e. and s by w. Southwest froÌ„ C. de Bylem 3 leagues lyeth Cap de Coriane C. de Coriane And from Cape de Coriane it is south north three leagues to Cape de Finisterre Betweene these two Capes there is a Sand-baye where you may anckor eastward from the great rock at 6 or 7 fathome This is a great creeke which reacheth farre into the land On the north-side of this Baye there lye rockes under the water which you must shunne There lyeth a great Sand-baye east from the Cape de Finisterre when you see it you may knowe that you are by Cape de Finisterre there lyeth also another betweene the haven of Corcobayona and the Cape but the first is the greatest but by this second the haven of Corcobayona or Seche goeth in which for the most part reacheth in north as in the Chapter enseweing it is shewed Thus the land of Monsy sheweth it self betweene Cape de Finisterre and Cysarga as you sayle along by it comming out of the east about four leagues from the land When Cape de Finisterre is south-southeast from you it sheweth thus Cape de Finisterre being southeast and somewhat southerlyer from you sheweth thus
them within two cables length at 6 or seven fathome till you be before the towne of Calis and there anckor as deepe as you will at 8 10 12 or 15 fathome it reacheth in for the most part e. s.e and s e by e. But there lyeth a stone under the water which is called the Diamant Diamant about n.n.e. and n.e. by n. from Puercos a litle league and when S. Catherins chappel is e.n.e. from you then you are against that stone or rocke which at half flood hath 3 fathome water upon it The markes of this rock are these when S. Maries church commeth over the north ende of Calis which is a closter standing without Calis there standeth also a house upon the hill which you goe along by to Xeres when that house commeth over against the chappel which standeth upon the side of the water westward from Marie-port when those markes are one over against the other then you should sayle upon the stone which at the dryest with high water is but 3 fathome and a half but sette the two high hilles which are south from the waie to Xeres so that they may be a litle asunder and come not one under the other then you sayle not upon this stone or rock The Puercos rockes lye about half a league from the north-point of Calis he that lyeth in the Rode before Calis hath the Puntal south or there aboutes from him after he cōmeth neare to Calis but southward from Calis there lyeth a rocke but goe no nearer unto it then 7 fathome Calis Baye is wide and broad and you anckor there at 5 or 6 fathome a northwest winde commeth into it therefore if anie man will goe in behinde the Puntal he must goe on southeast in betweene the point of Porte-real and the Puntal and then runne up upon the point of Puntal Rode behinde Puntal where you lye safe from all windes you may there also set a shippe drie to make it cleane and if you goe into the Creeke then you must take in a Pilot runne into the water of Porte-real and leave the Iland on backborde then you shall gett Herodes creeke open then sayle in through the middle of the chanel to the Salt-hilles When you sayle to Calis the Granado-hill will stand east and then it sheweth thus V. To sayle from Calis Malis through the Strait C. Trafalgar TO sayle from Calis to the Strait you must goe south s by e. to the point of Trafalgar then you runne farre ynough without the banckes or rockes which lye s s e. from Calis From S. Sebastians point to the point of Trafalgar it is s s.e 11 leagues There lyeth a stonie banck two leagues into the Sea west and by south from the Iland of Tarifa Tarifa which is 8 9 and 10 foot deepe at the dryest when the winde bloweth hard you may see the Sea ravle upon it If you will enter into the Strait you must sayle close by the land or farre from the land but it is best in the middle of the Strait when you are as farre from the land on the one side as on the other From the point of Trafalgar or Tarifa to Gibraltar the course is e. and e. by s 5 leagues On the west-side of Gibraltar there is a faire Rode to anckor in Rode before Gibraltar where also it is good anckoring but a southwest winde bloweth into it you lye there safe against a west winde and a south-winde bloweth just upon the point of the land of Gibraltar C. Spartel Cape Trafalgar and Cape de Spichel or Espartel lye distant s by e. and n. by w. 9 leagues East from Cape de Spartel lyeth Tanger Tanger in a great creeke and sandbaye there standeth a castle upon the west-point of Tanger somewhat high and then somewhat higher upon the hill there standeth a watchtowre east from Tanger there standeth another broken watchtowre so that Tanger is good to knowe When you are against Tanger the coast to Scheminckel-hill reacheth most e.n.e. and e. by n. therefore goe e.n.e. and e. by n. forward for that is the right course through the Strait In the night keepe most upon the Barbarie side for it is verie faire and the Spanish side is all foule Gibraltar or Iubleter as our saylers call it and Seuta Seuta lye distant s by e. and n. by w. 8 leagues From Gibraltar to Maribella Maribella the course is n.e. by n. it is a Rode to lade reasons oyle and other fruites in From Gibraltar to Cap de Mol on the west-side of Malaga the course is n.e. 24 leagues When you lye in the Rode at Malaga then that point lyeth about 3 or 4 leagues s w from you From Gibraltar to Velis Malaga Velis Malaga the course is n.e. by e. about 33 leagues and lyeth about 7 leagues eastward from Malaga From Velis Malaga to Cape de Gato the course is e. and e. by s 16 leagues From thence to Carthagena it is 19 leagues that is a good haven there you lye safe from all windes At Malaga Malaga you lye at 15 or 16 fathome safe frō a west-winde but an east-winde bloweth cornerwise To knowe Malaga you must understand that there standeth a castle on high eastward from it and there come two walles downe from it to the Sea to another castle that standeth upon the water the rode is now before that castle for at the other rode it is foule by meanes of casting of ballast into it At Velis Malaga you lye at 14 fathome with an east or Lavant winde it is there open but there is good ground At Maribella you may anckor at 12 or 13 fathome there stādeth a steeple by the water bring that in the middle over against the towne and anckor there there is the best ground Thus the Spanish-coast sheweth it self when you are without the Strait when the north-point is about seven leagues north and by east and the innermost point northeast from you When Tarifa is north from you then the land sheweth thus the point of Gibraltar lyeth northeast from you Tarifa VI. What Moone maketh high water upon all this Coast AT Calis in the baye a s s.w moone maketh a high water and also in the Strait of Gibraltar At Calis before the baye a s w by s and a n. e. by n. moone maketh a high water Before the River of S. Lucas a s w by s and n.e. by n. moone maketh high water Before the Condado a s s.w moone maketh a high water Before Palos Moger and Wolves a south and north moone maketh a full Sea At Cape S. Vincent and Cape S. Maria a southwest and n.e. moone maketh a full Sea The ebbe falleth without the Puercos south about to the Strait the flood falleth north about towards the land but the most part of
the flood falleth crosse into the land about the Havens a s w by s moone maketh a high water in the Strait when it is faire wether commonly it is there four houres flood and eight houres ebbe but the streame goeth most part with the winde by this everie man may gesse how it is VII How these Countreys are distant one from the other FRom Cape S. Vincent to Lagos or Laves the course is east and by north 7 leagues From Lagos to Villa Nova east 4 leagues From Villa Nova to Cape Maria or Faro e. by s 9 leagues From C. Maria or Faro to Tavila n.e. by e. 5 leagues From Tavila to Aimonte e.n.e. 5 leagues From Aimonte to Lepe e. by n. 7 leagues From Lepe to Saltes or Palos e. and e. by s 7 leagues From Saltes to the River of S. Lucas or Sibiona southeast and southeast by east 8 leagues From S. Lucas or the point of Sibiona to the point of Calis southeast 9 leagues From Calis to the point of the Strait s s.e 11 leagues From the point of the Strait called Trafalgar or Tarifa to Gibraltar e. by s 7 leagues From Cape S. Vincent to Cape Maria east 18 leagues From C.S. Vincent to Calis e. by s 48 or 50 leagues From Cape S. Maria to Saltes e.n.e. 24 leagues From Cape S. Maria to Sibiona east 29 leagues From C.S. Maria to the Strait e. s.e and s e by e. 46 leagues From Lepe to Sibiona e. s.e 16 leagues From Saltes to Calis s e and s e by s 16 leagues VIII How these Countries lye distant from other Countreys FRom Cape S. Vincent to Cape Cantin south 87 leagues From Cap S. Vincent to Cape de Geer south somewhat westerlyer 134 leagues From C.S. Vincent to the Iland of Lanzarotte s s.w 165 leag From C.S. Vincent to Great Canaria s w by s 211 leagues From C.S. Vincent to Isle de Palma s w 224 leagues From C. S. Vincent to Porto Santo s w by w. 137 leagues and to Madera s w by w. 157 leagues From C.S. Vincent to Isle S. Maria west 262 leagues From C.S. Maria or Faro to Cape Cantin s by w. 91 leagues From Cap S. Maria to Great Canaria southwest and southwest by south 220 leagues From C.S. Maria to the I le of Madera s w by w. 93 leagues From Calis to Great Canaria southwest 240 leagues From Calis to the I le of Madera w. s.w 200 leagues From Cape Trafalgar to Cape de Spartel s e 9 leagues IX Vnder what degrees these Places lye CApe S. Vincent S. Maria lye under 37 degrees The Coast of Condado lyeth under 38 deg 15 20 min. The Iland of Calis lyeth under 36 degrees 30 minutes The middle of the Strait of Gibraltar lyeth under 35 degrees 50 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 12 and 13. CHAPTER XII A TRVE DESCRIPTION of the Sea-coasts of Barbarie betweene Cape de Spartel or the Strait of Gibraltar and Cape de Geer I. From the Strait of Gibraltar to Cape de Cantin CApe de Spartel or Spichel which is the south-point of the Strait of Gibraltar lyeth distant from the north-point called Cape de Trafalgar south and by east C. Trafalgar and north and by west 9 leagues From Cape Spartel south 7 leagues lyeth Arsyla Arsila Before Arsila there lyeth a rowe of rockes where you may sayle through at two places you may goe at the north-chanel with great shippes but at the south-chanel with small barkes you must then anckor betweene the towne and the rockes From Arsila to Larage Larage or Alarache the course is south and by west 8 leagues there runneth in a River to Larage but it is verie crooked and drie you can not goe into it with anie great shippe but onely with barkes Frigates you anckor there before the Rode at 16 17 and 18 fathome This coast reacheth all south by west and southsouthwest it is from Larage to Mamora 20 leagues Mamora Mamora lyeth upon a River which is two fathome deepe in the entrie thereof but in the rode it is 20 fathome deepe a southwest moone maketh a full Sea along this coast South from Mamora lyeth Salee from Salee Salee to Anafe or Algasse Anafe or Algasse it is southwest and by south that is a great decayed towne you may yet see five or sixe towres standing up when you come to the land it lyeth 19 leagues east from Masagam From Anafe to Azamor it is s w by w. 14 or 16 leagues there you may anckor at 14 or 15 fathome there you lye safe against a southwest winde Two leagues more about west lyeth Masagam he that will sayle to Masagam Masagam must knowe that there are Pilots to bring in a shippe for it is a great creeke but it is not too faire so that manie shippes could not lye there upon faire ground On the west-point of the Baye there lye some rockes which are not seen at high water but at lowe water they lye bare when you lye in the right Rode then the west-point lyeth northwest from you and the other point east West from Masagam there standeth a towre upon a point From Masagam to Cape de Cantin it is westsouthwest 13 or 15 leagues when you come to Cape de Cantin C. Cantin you must shuÌ„ne the land somewhat for there shooteth off from it a hard rock somewhat into the Sea Thus the land sheweth betweene Masagam and Cape Cantin being verie even and lowe land all along to Saffia you see nothing on it but a small towre by a valley which is called Casa Cavalgero Thus Casa Cavalgero sheweth when it is south from you seven leagues Eijgentlijke vertooninge der westcusteÌ„ van Barbarien tusschen de Strate van Gibraltar ende de C. de Cantin zampt aller Reeden Havenen ende Rivieren aldaer gelegen en hoemen die bequa melijck sal beseijlen Vraije pourtraicture des costes occidentales de Barbarie entre lestâ—â—ict de Gibraltar et le C. de Cantin ensemble de toutes Rades Haures Ports et Rivieres situez ausdic tes costes et commet commodieusement on les navigera Afbeeldinge nae't leven der Zeecusten van Barbarien van de C. Cantin zuijdwaert tot verbij de C. de Geer mitsgaders de gelegent heijt van't eijlant Mogodor alles op zijne rechte streckingeÌ„ en hoochte gesteli Delincation au vif des costes maritimes de Barbarie entre le C. de Cantin et le C. de Geer ensemble la situation de l'isle de Mogodor le tout commodieusement accoÌ„modé selon ses vraijes distances routes et haulteurs du pole When the north-point of Saffia is southeast five leagues from you then it sheweth thus When you are about seven leagues southwest and by west from Cape Cantin then it openeth thus then the point of
de Spartel to Cantin southwest and somewhat southerlyer 75 leagues From Cape de Cantin to Cape de Geer west 53 leagues From Cape de Geer to Cape de Non southsouthwest south and by west 28 leagues From Cape de Geer to the point of S. Crus s e. 5 leagues From Cap de Non to O fin south 13 leagues From Cap de Non to Cap Bayador s w by w. 69 leagues From Cape de Geer to Cape de Bayador southwest and somewhat westerlyer 93 leagues From Saffia to Madera east and west 131 leagues From Cape de Geer to Madera w. n. w. 133 leagues IIII. Vnder what degrees these Countreys lye CApe Spichel or Spartel lyeth under 35 degrees 32 minur Masagam lyeth under 32 degrees 52 minutes Cape Cantin lyeth under 32 degrees 40 minutes The I le of Mogodor lyeth under 31 degrees 32 minutes Cape de Geer lyeth under 30 degrees Cape de Non lyeth under 28 degrees 32 minutes Cape de Bayador lyeth under 27 degrees Heere followeth the Carde N. 14 and 15. CHAPTER XIII THE DESCRIPTION OF the Canarie and Flemish Ilands I. Of Lancerota Forteventura and great Canaria THe Ilandes of Canaria are seven in number that is Lancerota Forteventura Great Canaria Tenerifa Gomera Palma and Ferro The Iland of Lancerota Lancerota is distant from Cap de S. Vincent s s w. about 166 leagues It hath a haven at the northeast ende betweene the two Ilands Alegranca and Gratiosa and you come in from northward you may runne there so far in that you may come by Lancerota againe into the Sea there it is 10 15 and 20 fathome deepe and there men lye safe from all windes On the east-side of Lancerota there is also a good Rode before the towne but there lyeth a banck northward which you must shunne you must runne southward about the banck and then anckor at 10 11 or 12 fathome Betweene Lancerota and Forteventura Forteventura there lyeth an Iland where you may anckor on both sides at 15 or 20 fathome At the Iland Forteventura you may anckor under the north and south endes at 15 and 20 fathome also on the northwest and southeast sides On the southeast or east-side you may anckor before the town of Forteventura at 15 or 16 fathome there is a faire Rode At the northwest side you may anckor before the village at 20 25 or 30 fathome as deepe as you wil the land on the northwest-side runneth up with a great boucht It is from the northerlyest Ilands of Lancerota to the west-point or Forteventura about 33 leagues The Iland of Great Canaria Great Canaria lyeth distant from Forteventura e. and w. 18 or 20 leagues He that will sayle into the Rode of Great Canaria he must understand that the Rode lyeth behinde the northeast point on the east-side of the land right against the castle which standeth upon a point of land when the said northeast point lyeth s e. 6 or 7 leagues from you then it seemeth to be an Iland for it is fast to the other land onely by a sandie strand and that strand is not broad and the northeast point is verie high He that will put into the Rode he must sayle about by the northeast point The Rode of Great Canaria untill the castle lyeth about n. w. and by n. from him and there anckor at 8 9 10 or 12 fathome then the north-point lyeth n. e. by n. from you the south-point s s e. On the south-side of Great Canaria there is a faire Baye where a man may also anckor wel Thus the northwest-side of Canaria sheweth it self II. The situation of the Iland of Tenerifa Pascaarte vande Eijlanden van Canarien vertoonende de rechte gelegentheijt der Custen ende Reeden vandien Item hoese in rechte streckingen ende waere distantie van malcanderen verscheijden ende hoese in hoochte gelegen sijn Carte marine des Isles de Canarie representant au vif la vraije situation des costes et rades dicelles Item comment ils sont distantes l'un de l'autre selon leurs vraijes routes distances et elevations du pole Afbeâ—lâ—linghe nae't leven vanâ—e Reedevâ—o de staâ—â— Angre aen't EglaÌ„t Tercera Vray â—â—if pour tâ—a et de ia Rade d◠〈…〉 d'Angra en l'Jsle de Terrera SANCT MICHIELS De Suydt hocek van het Eylandt FAYAL Pascaarte vande Eijlanden van Madera en Porto Santo vertoonende de gelegentheÿt vande Reeden aldaer en hoese van malcanderen zijn gheleghen Carte marine de les Jsles de Madera et Porto Santo monstrant comment elles sont situeez l'un de lautre ensemble la situation de leurs Rades On the northwest-side of Tenerifa lyeth the Rode of Gerrachia Rode of Gerrachia and it is from the north-point of Punte de Nago to Gerrachia w. s w. and saw s w. by w. 8 leagues He that will anckor before Gerrachia he must anckor westward from the rock with the crosse called the Lyon that the said rock may lye southeast by east and southeast from him then you lye right before the towne and then you looke right into the streete of the towne through S. Dominicus closter there it is faire ground at 36 or 40 fathome then the Pico wil lye right west by the towne You may anckor no nearer to the land then at 35 or 36 fathome nearer on the land or on the rock it is not faire westward to the Sand called Lapania it is also foule ground This is a naughtie Rode therefore they that come here must looke well to themselves and have a care of their anckors and cables keepe them fixe and readie as also their sailes that they may move when it stormeth There is also a small haven before Gerrachia wherein men may lye with a fewe shippes but to sayle into it you must have a Pilot on the west-side of the haven there lyeth a rock under the water but it ravels alwaies upon it within the haven you anckor alwaies at 5 or 6 fathome you must put out two anckors before toward the Sea with a cable upon the rockes an anckor behinde upon the land that the shippe may not winde and the ground is there foule you must keepe your cables well with boyes and tonnes to keepe them from the ground this is a good haven in Summer for then commonly it is good wether but in winter I counsel you not to put in with your shâ—ppe there for the waves of the Sea come out of the n. w. sometimâ—s ruÌ„ning in so stifly that it is not possible to hold a ship although it had tenne anckors out It happened certaine yeeres past that a number of shippes were cast awaie in that haven and a good manie houses of that towne were washt awaie with the water Betweene Gerrachia and the east-ende of Tenerifa there are three places more to lade wine in that is Laramela Relecho and Oratana Laâ—â—mela Râ—â—â—cho
when you are at the ende of the banck then you must turne to the west-side anckor at 4 or 5 fathome before the litle towne of Passagie from whence the River goeth westward further into the land On the west-side of the haven it is all flatte high land and on the east-side there standeth a high white flatte towre which is called Balmus Balmus whereby the haven of Waterford is well to be knowne Two leagues east from Iochul there standeth also another high towre called Ardimore but it is black that you may see 4 leagues into the Sea betweene the out-point of Kinsale Waterford along by the whole coast there stand manie other flatte towres but that by Waterford standeth further out because it is great high And the aforesaid three high hilles called Cape de Quyn are verie good and knowne markes whereby this Coast of Ireland is well descried and knowne A league east from Kinsale there lye two black rockes and west from Iochul there lye two round rockes which are overgrowne with greene weeds otherwise there are no rockes upon this Coast The Ilands of Saltees lye east from Waterford and you may sayle from Waterford through betweene the Ilands of Saltees and the firme land IIII. How you shall sayle by the east-side of Ireland from Saltees to Dondalck FRom the Ilands of Saltees to the haven of Watchford Watchford it is 5 leagues he that will sayle into Watchford he must set the towre standing upon the north-side inward within the haven west and by north from him then he shall runne betweene Saltbanck and Watchbanck sayling in betweene both the lands and sette within about the point at 4 or 5 fathome From Watchford to Wexfofd Wexford it is n. by w. 5 leagues He that will goe into Wexford he must bring the towne of Wexford lying on the north-side in the haven west from him so he shall sayle betweene Watchbanck and Griel where betweene both the banckes it is 10 and 12 fathome deepe then sayle in forward west and shunne the south-point of the haven for it is somewhat foule and when you are within then sayle along by the south-side till you come before the towne of Wexford and and anckor at 4 or 5 fathome From Wexford to Dublin Dublin it is n. and n. by w. 5 leagues He that will sayle into Dublin must bring the towre standing on the north-side of the haven w. n. w. from him sayling in betweene the banck called Griel and the sand of the Iland Lambaye Lambaye betweene them both it is 12 fathome deepe sayle al along by Lambaye at 7 fathome and runne so at seven fathome by the sands to the haven shunning the south-point for that is foule therefore hold the northerlyest towre in Dublin on the second point upon the south-side then you cannot miscarie then sayle about the second point and then turne up westward and anckor before the towne at 4 or 5 fathome Under Lambaye there is also a good Rode in the boucht at 7 or 8 fathome You may also sayle through betweene Lambaye and Dagalbanck Dagalbanck to Dublin Five leagues north from Dublin lyeth the haven of Drodag Drodag He that will sayle into it he must bring the towre standing upon the northside of the haven w. n. w. from him as the line sheweth to shunne the foule waie which runneth off from the south-point and so sayle westward in untill he be in then turning to the south-side he must sayle in betweene the south-side and the Iland of Carol which lyeth in the middle of the haven and sayle till you be before the towne of Drodag and anckor at 4 or 5 fathome From Dublin to Drodag it is 8 leagues On the north side of the haven of Drodag there lye three Ilands From Drodag to Dondalck Dondalck it is north 7 leagues He that will sayle in there must knowe that on the south-side of the haven of Drodag there standeth a castle you must sayle in by the south-side keeping the towre which standeth north from Dondalck over the round point of the north-side as the line sheweth for from the north point of the haven there runneth a rowe of rockes therefore you must sayle in by the south-side till you be about the point and then turne up southward and anckor before the towne at 4 5 6 and 7 fathome East from Dondalck there lye also five or sixe Ilands V. What Moone maketh high water in these places ON all the havens and places lying on the West-coast of Ireland a northeast and southwest moone maketh a high water But on the South-coasts a w. s w. and e. n. e. moone but within the chanels or haven a point later that is a west and by south and an east and by north moone In the open water and in the chanel without the land a s w. and northeast moone VI. Of the falling and running of the streames VVithout Cape de Claro by the land the flood falleth east and the ebbe west Betweene Cape de Claro and Waterford the flood falleth eastnortheast along by the land In the chanel of Galles or S. Iohn betweene England Ireland the streame falleth northeast and southwest VII Of the ground and depths of Ireland and how you may knowe the land BEtweene Cape de Claro the point of Dorsey you may see the land at 58 and 60 fathome Betweene Cape de Claro and Waterford you may see the land at 45 fathome and you may see all the coast of Ireland at 35 and 40 fathome and at 35 fathome you are not farre without the land and therefore by night you must goe no nearer to Ireland then 40 fathome VIII How these places are distant from each other FRom Cape de Claro to Cape Velho e. by n. 12 leagues From Cape Velho to Kinsale n. by w. a great league From Cape Velho to Corck n. e. by e. a great league From Corck to the east-point of Waterford e. n. e. 20 leagues From Cape de Velho to the Ilands of Waterford eastnortheast 29 leagues The whole South-coast stretcheth e. n. e. and w. s w. IX How these places are distant from others FRom Gallowaye to the Ilands of Aran w. s w. 8 leagues From Blackrock to Rokot n. by w. 60 leagues From Cape Dorsey to the Sorrels s e. by e. 58 leagues From Cape Dorsey to Cape Finisterre south and by east and south 164 leagues From Cape de Claro to Englands ende s e. by e. 54 leagues From Cape de Claro to the Sorrels southeast 47 leagues From Cape de Claro to Cape de Finisterre south 164 leagues From Cape de Velho to Englands ende s e. 46 leagues From Cape de Claro to Sorrels s e. by s 40 leagues From Waterford to Gresholme e. by s 21 leagues From Waterford to Milford east and by south and somewhat southerlyer 23 leagues From Waterford to Englands ende
by south moone maketh high water Against Portland in the chanel a southsoutheast and a northnorthwest moone makes a full Sea VIII At what depths you may see these Countreys YOu may see the Sorlinges on the north-side at 48 fathome but on the south-side you may see thâ—m at 52 fathome Englands ende you may also see at 52 fathome You may see Lezard at 55 fathome the ground is white and redde shellie sand The Deadmanshead may be seene at 42 fathome from Lezard along to Goutstart You may see Goutstart at 45 fathome The high land of Plimmouth may be seene at 50 fathome being north from you it is high double land lying upon two hilles the same high within the land runneth all along the land from Fawick to Dartmouth and you may see the land of Dartmouth at 45 fathome IX How these Countreys lye distant from each other FRom the Sorrels to Englands ende e. n. e. about 8 leagues From Englands ende to Lezard e. s e. 10 or 11 leagues From Lezard to Famouth n. by e. 4 league From Famouth to the Deadmanshead east by north and east northeast 4 leagues From the Deadmanshead to Fawick n. e. 4 leagues From Fawick to the I le of Lowe east 3 leagues From the I le of Lowe to Ramshead e. n. e. 5 leagues From Ramshead to Goutstart e. s e. 8 leagues From Goutstart to Dartmouth n. e. 3 leagues From Dartmouth to Torbaye northeast 3 leagues From Torbaye to Tops or Exmouth north 5 leagues From Exmouth to Portland e. s e. 13 leagues From Sorrels to Sevenstones northeast and somewhat northerlyer 3 leagues From Sorrels to the Wolf east 5 leagues From the Wolf to Englands ende n. n. e. 3 leagues From the Wolf to Lezard e. and by s 11 leagues From Lezard to Deadmanshead n. e. 7 leagues From the Deadmanshead to Ramshead e. n. e. 8 leagues From Ramshead to Meustone south 3 leagues From the point of Plimmouth to the Meustone southsouthwest and somewhat southerlyer 4 leagues From the Meustone to Goutstart e. by s e. 7 or 8 leagues From Torbaye to Portland e. somewhat north 13 or 14. leag From the Sorrels to Lezard east 16 leagues From Lezard to Goutstart e. by n. 20 or 21 leagues From Goutstart to Portland northeast and somewhat more eastward 19 or 20 leagues X. How these places are distant from other Countreys FRom the Sorrels to Waterford in Ireland north and some what westerly 40 leagues From Sorrels to Cape de Claro n. w. by n. 40 leagues From Sorrels to Cape de Finisterre south and by west somewhat westerlyer 151 leagues From Sorrels to Heysant s e by s 37 leagues From Sorrels to the Casquettes east and somewhat southerlyer 56 leagues From Lezard to Tercera s w. and by w. 387 leagues From Lezard to Tenerifa s s w. 467 leagues From Lezard to Cape Finisterre southsouthwest and then you runne about 5 leagues without it 153 leagues From Lezard to Heysant south 29 leagues From Lezard to Septisles s e. and by e. 27 leagues From Lezard to Garnsey e. and by s 37 leagues From Goutstart to Heysant s w. and by s 40 leagues From Goutstart to S. Paul de Lyon s by w. 29 leagues From Goutstart to Septisles south and by east and somewhat easterlyer 37 leagues From Goutstart to Casquettes e. s e. 10 leagues XI Vnder what degrees these Countreys lye THe south-side of Sorrels Lezard lye under 50 degrees Goutstart lyeth under 50 degrees 12 minutes or as some saye 50 degrees 20 minutes Portland lyeth under 50 degrees 30 minutes or as some saye 50 degrees 40 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 19. Vâ—â—â—oon dâ— nae't leven vanac ZeecusteÌ„ van Engelanâ— tusschen Pooâ—tlant enÌ„ Doveren enÌ„ voort Nâ—rtuâ—ert tot het VoorlaÌ„t Jtem vande gelegâ—â—â—jt der Engde tussche Vruncrijck enÌ„ Engeâ—â—â—t oock wat sanden BanckeÌ„ enÌ„ gevaerlijckâ— DroochteÌ„ aen die gewesten zijn geleghen alâ—eâ— na rechte mate streckingen ende hocâ—â—en vandâ—â— Poole gestelt Representation au vif des Costes marines D'Angleterre entre Portlande et Douvres Jtem de la situation de l'estroict entre France et Angleterre nommé le Pas de Calais aussi quels Bancqs Sables Guez et autres perilz entour et envirâ—Ì„ lesdictes costes on a a eviter et fuir tout accommodé selon sa droicte mesure vruijes â—vutes et â—levatioâ—s du Pole CHAPTER XVII A TRVE DESCRIPTION how you may sayle into the Havens betweene Portland and the Foreland I. To sayle by the Ras of Portland and into the Haven of Poole THe Ras of Portland beginneth about half waie from Portland The Ras of Portland and endeth against the middle of S. Andrewes land in some places it is all banckie and sometimes it is deeepe 7 and then 10 and then 15 fathome Rode in Portland If you come from the west and desire to goe into Portland you may runne along within two cables length or the shotte of a peece by Portland and sayle westward about the point up before the castle where you may lye safe against a south and a south and by east winde at 7 or 8 fathome but with a southwest and a southsouthwest winde a man must take heede of the ravelings which begin half waie from Portland and ende half waie at S. Andrewes land About a great league north from Portland there lyeth a litle Tydehaven which at lowe water is drie it is called Weimouth before it you may anckor at 4 or 5 fathome Men commonly anckor under Portland at 10 or 11 fathome that the point may be south and by east and southsoutheast from you To sayle into the haven of Poole By the east-point of S. Andrewes land three leagues west froÌ„ the Needles of the I le of Wight you runne into the haven of Poole which is a good haven for shippes that will goe about eastward To goe into it goe along by S. Andrewes land at 5 or 6 fathome with half flood but when you come against the Cingle or the other land then loose westward to the point and there anckor for there you lye safe against a s w. and s s w. winde But if you will sayle into the haven of Poole then shall you perceive another point bearing out so soone as you are gone about the foresaid point by the which standeth a high white steepe rock like a mast almost like the Needle on the west ende of Wight there you may sayle about at 4 or 5 fathome Now when you are about the said point with the needle goe forward northwest and you shall see right before you a high flat hill rising up out of the other land keepe that hill betweene both the shores and sayle right forward But if it chance that you must laveere then spare not your lead runne no further westward as you crosse then that the foresaid flatte hill coÌ„meth upon the west-land for so soone as
an Iland well to be knowne it is three leagues long Borcum commonly when men come out of the Sea it sheweth in three partes as if it were three Ilands but when you come out of the west then it sheweth in four partes for the water runneth through it in three places when it is a high flood The towne of Embden hath placed a high thick towre upon the west ende thereof which you may see farre into the Sea west from the towre there standeth a lowe church From the west ende of Borcum there shooteth off a Sand Borcum sand a great waie into the Sea which is called Borcum sand There southward betweene Borcum and Rottum the west Eems runneth in the best chanel in all these coasts along Thus the Ilands of Rottum Borcum shewe when you sayle along by them about two leagues from the land Borcum Rottum If you wil sayle into West Eems then place the capes or beacons upon Rottum one against the other The utâ—â—â—most toÌ„ne then they wil stand about s e. from you sayle out of the Sea upon them then you shall finde the uttermost tonne lying at 6 fathome lowe water But if you come out of the wâ—st along by the land at 7 fathome then you shal also see the aforsaid toÌ„ne when you are at the first tonne then Borcum steeple will stand e. from you and the west ende of Rottum will be about s e. by s from you To landward from the second tonne there lyeth a Flat called Geltsack flat which reacheth with her foot along to the fourth tonne Geltsacâ— Plate where upon at lowe water is no more then 15 16 or 17 foot From the first tonne to the second third fourth the course is e. The second toÌ„ne lyeth at 5 fathome the third at 4 fathome an half that is upon the driest part of West Eems The fourth tonne lyeth also at 4 fathome and an half upon the point of the said Flat All these tonnes you leave on starborde when you sayle in When you come out of the west and are against the Lauwers or the Bosch sand kepe along by the land at 5 fathome untill you be past it then sayle on freely east then you shal ruÌ„ne through within Geltsack flat at 3 fathome and an half and so come by the fift tonne into the deepe of West Eems but keepe the south side Harling banckes Harling bancks which were woonte to reach out to seaward at the westende of Rottum are cleane gone worne awaie so that now it is wide broad betweâ—ne Rottum the said flatte The Sand of Borcum is without and at the ende verie flatte when the capes or beakons upon Rottum stand southeast from you then you may goe well over the sand right to the fourth tonne you shall there finde no lesse then sixteene foot water upon the foot of the Sand at lowe water for it is flat broad but when you come within the Sand of Borcum on the inner side it is shoring and then there shooteth off a point or foot of Sand which in sayling up you may sayle under you may goe no nearer to it then 7 fathome all along to Borcum The fift tonne lyeth distant from the fourth s e. and by s lyeth in the middle of the chanel at eight fathome But with an ebbe and a southerlie winde you goe s e. on or els you would soone fall upon Borcum Sand or behinde the point of Sand which commeth shooting off from Borcum Sand. From the fift tonne to the sixth seventh and eigth the course is all east and by south The sixth tonne as also the seventh lye in the middle of the chanel at 8 fathome but the eigth lyeth at 5 fathome Huyberts Flat upon the point of Huyberts Flatte which by others is called the Hackes which is a Sand which shooteth off from the south-side you cannot miscarie with your lead on Rottum or on the south side but you may sayle under this sand of Huyberts Flat at 5 fathome lowe water but at 6 fathome you must goe without about it When you are by this tonne upon Huyberts Flatte then Borcum steeple standeth about n. n. e. from you and there against it it is 12 fathome deepe in the chanel Stephen Iohnsons tonne From the toÌ„ne at Huyberts plate to Stephen Iohnsons toÌ„ne the course is southeast That lyeth betweene the Balgh beacon and the Ruyt beacon at seven fathome and an half Betweene these two toÌ„nes the Eems is 10 or 12 fathome deepe But when you goe by the tonne at Huyberts Plate then you must turne somewhat off from Borcum to shunne the Mieuwe sand which commeth shooting off from the Wolden or the south ende of Borcum which when you will goe in you may sayle under at five fathome Westward from Stephen Iohnsons tonne standeth Wadt beakon Wadt beacon where right south Wadt goeth in But on the other side right over against the aforesaid tonne lyeth the Ransel which is a sand that commeth shooting off from the north side which in saylâ—ng up you may sayle under at 5 fathome The markes of this reach The Ransel and to shunne the Ransel are these upon the south ende of Borcum there lye two downes which are called the Wolden The Wolden hold the steeple of Borcum on the west side of these downes or west from them then you sayle not by the Ransel In this reach it is 9 and 8 fathome deepe From Stephen Iohnsons tonne to Docke tonne the course is s e. Betweene these two tonnes there standeth a beakon on the south side called the Ruyt beacon Docke tonne Ruyt beacon by this tonne the Eems is in the chanel about 7 fathome deepe and the tonne lyeth on the south side at 5 fathome upon a sand which in sayling up you may sayle under The flood falleth verie strongly behinde this tonne into Docke chanel which you must be verie carefull of Docke chanel The markes of Docke toÌ„ne are these when the closter of Dam which is a flatte church commeth west from Old closter so that you may see just betweene them then you have the length of this tonne and then these markes are about south from you From Docke tonne to the last tonne it is e. s e. when you are past it then you shall see the beacons on the west side sayle all about by them The reach from Eems horne to Delfes Ile reacheth all southerly up to Wadem The markes of Eemshorne are these there standeth a mill in Embden land Markes of Eemshorn about east and by north from you and there standeth a high house north from the church when that mill standeth betweene the house and the church then you have the length of Eemshorne and there stande three or four beakons about Eemshorne which leade you to Groning land When you come to Docke tonne and are past it then you may sound all the west side
the contrarie the flood falleth verie hard inward so that you caÌ„not get over the streame with still wether therefore you must looke well thereunto But if you will sayle up the Iaa then leave the third tonne on baghborde and from thence goe up for the most part south Hormmerscheel to the point of the banck of land called Hormmerscheel and when you come to it then the Iaa is wide and broad and without the said banck there standeth a beacon or two for ships that wil goe before the Wadt If you will goe further up the Iaa then keepe al the west side but when you come against the church without a steeple which standeth by the banck there you must leave the west side because of the Aenten or Ieppe flatte Aenten or Iâ—ppe flat which shooteth off far along by the west side sometimes at lowe water lyeth drie The west side reacheth most s e. somewhat southerlyer A south north moone maketh a high water at the Iaa and there it floweth dayly two fathome and an half up and downe XIIII To sayle up the Weser TO sayle up the Weser goe no nearer to Wrangheroogh then seven fathome and when you have 7 fathome then turn off to 11 fathome there you shall finde the first toÌ„ne without in the Weser Red sand lying at the point of the redde sand at 7 fathome then Menser church is s s e. from you which is a flat church without a steeple standing in Vroukens land Now wheÌ„ you are against the first tonne and that the west ende of Wrangheroogh is s s w. from you then you runne yet upon the point of the red sand at five fathome From the uttermost tonne to the second third fourth fift tonne the course is right east and they lye all at seven fathome the south side that is the Redde sand nearest each a point differing from Menser church so that Menser church lyeth from the second tonne southeast from the third south from the fourth south and by west from the fift southsouthwest This fift tonne is called the toÌ„ne upon the Head Tonne at the Head and because you should knowe it before all the other tonnes there standeth a pole upon it of half a fathome long with a white knotte upon it Right against the tonne at the Head now there lyeth a white tonne which Anno 1608 was there first laid upon the white ground Betweene these tonnes you must marke your streames wel for the flood coÌ„meth out of the northwest falleth along over the red sand and the ebbe the contrarie The right depth against these tonnes aforesaid at the comming in is 11 fathome deepe but against the tonne upon the Head it is five fathome at lowe water Right before the Weser lyeth the Middle plate The Middle plate the easterlyest ende or the innermost side beginneth right north from the tonne at the Head by the white ground and stretcheth along the reach to the third tonne accounting from without this plate is on both sides flat to be sounded and there lyeth a white tonne on the west side of the said plate about south and north from Menser church which when you come in you must leave on baghborde If you will goe east from the plate out againe from this tonne upon the Head to sayle to the Elve then sound about by the white tonne at 4 or 5 fathome till you be in the Sea To sayle by east of the Middle plate out the Weser To sayle up out of the Weser the course from the tonne upon the Head to the sixt tonne is s e. and n. w. then Menser church shall lye from you s w. by s and there against it the Weser is about 20 fathome deepe But from the sixt tonne to the seventh that is the tonne upon the Cours The tonne at the Cours or the Wapper-tonne the course is southeast this tonne is also called the Southwest tonne because Menser church as then lyeth s w. from you The Iaa tonne lyeth about south and south and by west from this tonne From the tonne upon the Cours to Mellem tonne the course also is southeast You may sayle under Mellem tonne The Mellem tonne at sixe fathome Menser church shall then lye from you s w. by west From Mellem tonne to the tonne upon Bollensile Bollensil the course is s e. and somewhat easterlyer There you must looke well to your streames for the flood falleth strongly in to the west side Langheworder church lyeth right south and by east from this tonne at Bollensile over against the tonne at Bollenzil upon the point of the black ground lyeth a white tonne come no nearer unto it at half flood then four fathome and an half for if you sayle inward you may sayle under the point at four fathome From the toÌ„ne at Bollenzil to the beacon at Bollenzil the course is s s e. and s e. by s and then Longworder church shal stand about south from you You leave the beacon on starreborde when you come in and within the beacon at Bollensil there is a good rode for a west winde From the beacon upon Bollensil to the first tonne upon the Flat The Flat the course is southeast till you are a litle beneath the beacon but then it is eastsoutheast The markes of the first tonne upon the Flatte are these when you may see through the holes of Langheworder steeple then you are against the first tonne and then Longworder church is as southerly as s s w. from you From the first tonne upon the Flat to the second the course is e. s e. Betweene these two tonnes there stand five beacons on baghborde as you come in upon the black ground From the second tonne upon the Flat to the Mailand the course is southeast by south but when you are against Wadnis or the Maieland then sayle along close by the greene side to Blixem A rode within Blixem there is a rode for great ships that will put to Sea As at the Iaa so at the Weser a south and north moone maketh a high water and it floweth there two fathome an half up and downe XV. The situation of the East and West Til or Breebalgh and how you shall sayle into it EAst from the Weser lye the south grounds South grounds of the Elve there goe in two faire and deepe balgen or chanels of 10 12 and 13 fathome they are called the Till or Breebalghen Brebalghen the westerlyest lyeth about so farre west that a man may see the newe worke from thence If it should chance that comming east from the Weser you should fall upon the south grounds then sayle upon the south grounds at 4 or 5 fathome but not much nearer for that is somewhat shoring and when you goe in that manner along by those grounds in the same course you shall finde 8 9 yea and 10 or 12 fathome water
sand called Smeur sand Smeur-sand which shooteth off from Phanu there you may well goe along by direction of the eye without fayling and let that be on starborde as you come in The lands there on both sides are verie shoring both Wisdyke Wisdyke which is the Flat which lyeth in the chanel and Smeursand also When you are past the point of Smeursand then turne over to Wisdyke and there anckor till you have the lowest water then you may sayle to Hartinghen and goe to Wardt or Woordt Woordt which lyeth 8 or 9 leagues within the land but the River goeth crooked wheron now then a house or Gentlemans lodging lyeth A southsouthwest and northnortheast moone maketh high water heere and it floweth heere with a continual tyde about a fathome up and downe From Phanu to Schellinghrock it is four leagues Betweene them both lyeth Suydersid Suydersyd which is a River of 8 or 9 foot water The land betweene Langhelech and Suydersid is knottie downe land rough and overgrowne with heath If you chance to come to land or to fall upon Suydersid and could not get into the chanel then chuse the land of Langhelegh you may rūne upon it without anie daunger but keepe at 2 fathome an half then you cannot mis-sayle that Kroech for you may sound all this land frō Langhelegh till you be within Schellinghkroech Schellingh kroech at three fathome and an half but if you come to three or three fathome and an half then you would sayle misse the drie sand and goe without the Kroech aforesaid Schellingh kroech reacheth in northwest for the most part To sayle into Schellingh kroegh cōming out of the north and there you lye safe against all windes as if you laye in the Ketle at Koninghsberghen But if you come out of the north will goe into this haven you may well sound about that drie sand at three fathome And when you come by the innermost point of the drie sand there shooteth a Sand off but you may see it well and avoide it nowe when you come to the east ende of that Sand then loofe up by the Sand into this Kroech and there anckor at two fathome and a foot water there it is somewhat wide you may well goe in a pritie waie and laveere in A southsouthwest and northnortheast moone maketh a full Sea there but the further you goe about northward to Iutland NOTA. there goeth lesse streame and it floweth lesse up and downe On the north ende of the aforesaid drie sand lyeth the Dead-hill which is a short peece of a downe which lyeth alone when you are somewhat off from it then it sayleth under the other land and then you see it not But comming from the south and north then you may alwaies see it lying From Dead hill to the south ende of the drie sand it is all faire strand and faire flatte ground If you will anckor under the drie sand when you come out of the north Rode under the drie sand then you may sound along by it round about and get good harbor for a northwest winde and also for westerlie windes Right north from the Dead hill lyeth the Horne where the Reef horne shooteth out whereof I wil speake more in the next Chapter Thus the Iland of South-sid sheweth south from the Dead hill Dead-hill South-side Langelegh Luysbergh IX Of the falling running of the streames at these Ilands and Coasts of Iutland and what Moone maketh high water there IN the Pip Eyder and Hever a south and north moone maketh high water the flood commeth there out of the northwest and the ebbe southeast runneth so over the North-grounds In the chanel of List or Silt a south north moone maketh high water and the flood commeth out of the northwest and falleth litle along by the land but the ebbe the contrarie In Knuytes Seepe a southsouthwest and a northnortheast moone maketh high water there also the flood commeth out of the northwest and falleth more then a great quarter thereof along by the land and the ebbe the contrarie In the havens of Suydersid Grouwe deepe and Schellingh-kroegh a s s w. and a n. n. e. moone maketh high water The flood there also commeth out of the northwest and falleth over the Reef horne to the Iuts Ilands the ebbe also to the contrarie off from the land to the North Sea X. Of the groundes and depths about these lands and at what depths you may see them being at Sea IN Ditmarse the land of Kidingh and Botjaghers land the groundes lye so farre without the land or the Coasts that you can not see the Coasts unlesse you clime up into the toppe of the mast The groundes of Hever and the bancks of the Small deepe without Strand Yederstee they lye about two leagues without the Coasts of the land Betweene Holie land and Ameren or Strand it is 10 or 11 fathome deepe and at that depth you may see both the lands if you clime up into the shrowdes You knowe Strand by the steeple of Pielworme standing upon the south ende of the land there stand more churches steeples upon the Iland of Strand but none of them is so well to be knowne as Pielworme Ameren is a great league long it is all lowe downes overgrowne with heath The Iland of Silt may be seene at 10 fathome upon the Iland nearest to the north ende there lyeth a high shoring redde cliffe going steepe down on both sides On the south side of the cliffe there standeth a flat church with a lowe clock-house and eastward standeth another church with a high thick steeple called Heydom The north ende of the land is called List but the south ende is called the Voortrap XI How these Lands lye distant from each other FRom the uttermost tonne of the Elve to the Eyder north and south 7 or 8 leagues From the Eyder to the Hever the land standeth northnorthwest and southsoutheast 5 leagues From the Hever or the south ende of Strand to the south ende of Ameren n. n. w. 5 leagues Ameren is a small Iland of two leagued long Two great leagues north from Ameren lyeth Silt it is about five leagues long and reacheth s and by e. and n. and by w. From the north ende of Silt called List to the south ende of Rim or Rem it is n. e. and s w. a league long and the I le of Rem is three leagues long and reacheth most south and north From the north ende of Rem to the south ende of Manu it is n. e. and s w. a league long but you can not well see it because of the grounds and great flats which reach out there from the Sea Manu and Phanu lye about two leagues distant from each other Manu is about half a league long The Iland of Phanu is about three or four leagues long and reacheth from Phanuknuyts to Knuyts chanel s s
faire By Nex there shooteth off a Sand from the land which on both sides is shoring but at tenne fathome you can not miscarie there lyeth also a rock north from Nex If you will anckor before Nex you must set the flat steeple which standeth above Nex betweene west and west by south from you and let the north point be north and by west and the south point southsouthwest from you there it is about two-and twentie fathome deepe and it is there faire sand-ground for in manie places it is nothing but stonie and gravelie ground there you lye safe against a southwest winde From the southeast point of Borneholme to Ertholmes Eertsholmes it is north and by east five leagues but from the northwest point to Ertholmes it is eastnortheast four leagues In the Ertholmes it is a faire haven but because it is not used it is unknowne Thus Borneholme sheweth when you come out of the west When Eertsholmes is northnortheast from you it sheweth thus When Eertsholme is east from you it sheweth thus VII At what reaching and distance these places aforesaid are distant each from other FRom the North ende of Langheland to the South ende the course is south 8 leagues From the South ende of Langheland to Femeren southeast and by east 7 or 8 leagues From Femeren to Gester sand e. and by n. 9 leagues From Gester sand to Meun n. n. e. 8 leagues From Gester to Meun northeast 7 leagues From Meun to Steden northwest and by north 4 leagues From Meun to Falsterboen n. and by e. 5 leagues From the Iland of Areu to the Roen e. and by s 3 leagues From Roen to Arr or Copingh s e. and by e. 5 leagues From Arr to the south ende of Langheland southeast by east and somewhat easterlyer 4 leagues From Areu to Apenrade s s w. 5 leagues From the River of Apenrade to the Strait of Sonderborgh east more then 2 leagues From Sonderburgh to the Sleye s e. and by e. 4 leagues From the Sley to the Kiel southeast 4 leagues From Kiel to Femeren east and by north 8 leagues From Femeren to the Trave of Lubeck s s w. 9 or 10 leagues From the Trave of Lubeck to Wismer haven first northeast and by north and then eastnortheast 9 leagues From Rostock to Robbenesse northeast 5 leagues From Robbenesse to Thornebush n. e. and by e. 7 leagues From Thornebush to Witmont n. e. and by e. 4 leagues From Witmont to Iasmont eastsoutheast 2 leagues From Iasmont to the Peert s s e. 3 leagues From Iasmont to Camin eastsoutheast 19 leagues From the Poolsche sand on the Iland of Aelst to Femeren eastsoutheast 13 or 14 leagues From Femeren to Wismar deepe south and by east 7 leagues From Femeren to Rostock e. s e. 8 or 9 leagues From the Trave of Lubeck to Gestir sand the course is northeast and southwest about 19 leagues From Wismar to Gestir sand n. n. e. 12 or 13 leagues From Rostock to Gestir sand north 7 or 8 leagues From Gestir sand to Dornebosch east 9 leagues From Dornebosch to Meun northwest 9 leagues From Dornebusch to Bornholme northeast and northeast and by east 16 leagues From Witmond to Borneholme northeast 13 leagues From the Newe deepe to Borneholme north and by east 16 or 17 leagues From Meun to Borneholme east 19 leagues From Steden to the north ende of Borneholme is the course east and by north 20 leagues From Valsterboen or from the sand north from Borneholme about the course is east and by north 19 leagues From Valsterbon or from the sand south from Borneholme a-about the course is east and by south 21 leagues From Valsterbon to Iasmont southeast 16 or 17 leagues How all the rest of the points and Ilands in the east Sea are distant from Borneholme that shall you finde described in the next Chapter following Heere followeth the Carde N. 25. CHAPTER VI. THE DESCRIPTION OF the Sea-coasts of Pomerland and Prusia from Colberghen to Memle I. The situation betweene Colberghen and Righshooft .. THe Newe deepe and Colberghen as I said in the former Chapter lye distant east and north and eastnortheast sixteene or seventeene leagues You must sayle into the Haven of Colberghen Colberghen betweene two Heads close before the towne Within the River of Colberghen right over against the towne there lyeth a Pit or Well which yeeldeth salt to all the Countreyes there abouts but they must seeth it yet the water of the River is as fresh as milk for it is an out-water The Coast of Pomerland reacheth from Colberghen to Garshooft Garshooft northeast and by north about thirteene leagues but betweene them both there lye two Havens called Coslyn and Ruwold The haven of Coslyn lyeth distant from Colberghen northeast four leagues And from Coslyn Coslyn to Ruwold the course is northnortheast five leagues In Ruwold Ruwold Haven or in the River called Wipper a good shippe may well goe in for there come manie Craers out From Ruwold to Garshooft it is northnortheast four leagues The land from Garshooft to Righshooft reacheth eastnortheast nineteene or twentie leagues betweene them there lye the Havens of Stolp Lyba and Sernevises Right east from Garshooft lyeth Stolp Stolp haven which is a River called by the name of the towne which runneth unto the said towne it is a River for small shippes although some reasonable great shippes lade there From Garshooft to Reefcole it is all white strand lying distant east four leagues Reefcol is a high round Hill whereby you knowe the land when you goe from Borneholme From Reefcol to Lyba it is seven leagues Lyba lyeth upon a great River called the Osse From Lyba Lyba to Sernevisse or Sernesse it is five leagues Betweene them both there lye the three Wolsackes Wolsackes which are three black stumpes of trees by the which this Land is well knowne and right east from those three hillockes there lyeth a long Hill which when you come out of the west and are at the west ende of it sheweth as if it were divided into three or four hillocks After that followeth the high land of Righshooft which is verie shoring on the water side Betweene Righshooft and Reefcol it is a white strand and for the most part full of trees Sernesse or Sernevisse Sernevisse is a towne lying upon an out-water which with a River ruÌ„neth into the Sea but within it divideth it self into a great water From Sernevesse to Righshooft it is four leagues You may sound about Righshooft Righshooft sufficiently at fiveteene or twentie fathome You may also anckor under Righshooft for there it is better ground then under Heel All Pomerland along by the Sea-coast sheweth black with trees that stand upon it Thus the land of Pomerland sheweth betweene Colsberghen and the Stolp when you sayle along by it two leagues from the land Pascaâ—â—van een deel der Oost â—â—sschen
Rookoe lyeth within the haven of Stockholme and the point thereof reacheth into the Daler Daler northeast and by north Without the Daler Elsnap Elsnap lyeth within the Daler Hartsticke Hartstick goeth in but is sonke with shippes so that no good ships can goe through the Hartstick reacheth first northwest to the bocht and then to Conincxhaven west and west and by north From the Daler to Deerhaven Dierhavē the haven of Stockholme reacheth northeast and by north and northeast from Duerhaven to Steendoren Steendoren it reacheth southwest and southwest and by west from thence to the old church yarde The Old church yarde westnorthwest from the old church yarde to Waxholme Waxholm west and westsouthwest there you may shutte the haven with a boome from thence it is southwest and by south and southsouthwest to Conincxhaven or S. Blasins holme S. Blasens holme from Conincxhaven or S. Blasins holme the course to the towne of Stockholme is westnorthwest and northwest a league The chanel of Stockholme runneth along by the Northland in againe into the Northbodem and so into the East-sea it reacheth betweene Wedde and Uxe about northeast and southwest you must leave the firme land on baghborde and the great Ilands on starreborde and so runne about northeast and northeast and by east to the North bodem II. The situation of the Coast of Sweathland betweene the haven of Stocholme and the Sweathland Ioncvrouwe TWo leagues westsouthwest from the point of Landsoort there lyeth a great rock named Hartshals which is verie well to be knowne betweene them both the land there reacheth east and west West from this rock there goeth in another haven or chanel which you may runne through behinde Elsnap with jachts towards Stocholme West from this Haven the Haven of Telghen The haven of Telgen goeth in which reacheth in about northwest almost to the Moller and at the ende of the chanel lyeth Telghen but before it there lyeth a towne called Trosa Trosa From the aforesaid rock called Hartshals to the Haven of Stickborch The haven of Stickborch the course is w. n. w. but from Landsoort to this haven the land reacheth east and west it is a wide haven and in the mouth thereof Newecoppen Newecoppen lyeth on the north side but Sticxborch lyeth on the south side Southcoppen then there goe two havens more in the one to South and the other to North Coppen Northcoppen From Landsoort to the Haven of Silbuy Silbuy the course is s w. and by s 19 leagues It reacheth in n. w. and n. w. and by n. If you will anckor under Silbuy you must turne up eastward and anckor before the towne in the middle of the rocks at seven eight and nine fathome You may there sayle through the Sweathland Rocks to Westwick Fluyerbuy Vrouwenbergh Sticxholme and so northward to Schelsuyer there it is all faire ground and is fiveteene eighteene and twentie fathome deepe If you will goe to Vrouwenbergh Vrouwenbergh or Fluerbuy Fleurbuy then sayle forward west and west and by north till you come against the land then you may anckor against Fleurbuy or you may turne up northwest betweene the Iland of Vrouwenbergh and the firme land and there anckor at twelve fathome You may also runne through it into Westerwick Westerwick Westerwick lyeth distant from Silbuy west and west and by north through within the Rockes and there it is fiveteene or sixteene fathome deepe From Silbuy to Schelsuyr Schelsuyr it is norrhwest seven leagues all through within the rockes Schelsuyr is a faire Haven or Creeke there lyeth a rock in the Haven but you may goe about it on both sides and anckor before the towne East from Schelsuyr lyeth Hontsbaye Hontsbay and then Greene Iland Greene-Iland there also is good anckor ground and you may runne along thereby to Sticxborgh The out-rockes and scharres of Silbuy and the land of Newe Coppen or of Telghen lye distant about north and by east and south and by west fiveteene leagues but the Out scharres of Silbuy and the Sweathland Ioncvrouwe lye distant south and by east and north and by west eight leagues From Landsoort by the Haven of Stockholme to the Ioncvrouwe the course is fouthsouthwest four-and-twentie leagues But from the Haven or the Out-rocks of Silbuy to the Sweathland Ioncvrouwe it is south and by east eight leagues III. The situation of Gotland with the Ilands lying about it FRom the Sweathland Ioncvrouwe Sweathland Ioncvrowe to Carelsoo the course is east and east and by north eleven or twelve leagues Great Carelsoo and Small Carelsoo lye close one by the other they are two small high Ilands lying on the west side of Gotland The Small Carelsoo Small Carelsoo lyeth nearest to Gotland and there under it is round about good Rode at eight nine and tenne fathome for round about it it is faire and cleane Under Great Carelsoo Great Carelsoo also it is good Rode on the west and east-sides but on the north and south sides it is foule therefore you must goe no nearer to Carelsoo by night then eleven or twelve fathome Betweene Great Carelsoo and Small Carelsoo it is twelve thirteene and fourteene fathome deepe Right over against Carelsoo lyeth westergarde Westergarde upon Gotland From Carelsoo to Wisbuy Wisbuy in Gotland the course is northeast sixe or seven leagues Men were wonte in old time to anckor there behinde a Head or Kist In times past this was a notable and famous towne of Marchandise where all trade of Merchandise was used but now by Gods visitation it is cleane decayed and spoyled There yet to this daye you may see manie decayed houses of Marble and other hewen stones whereby a man may partly see and gesse her former situation and proportion The Hanze townes did there for a long tyme holde their staple and trade the old Water-lawes are there made and also the old famous Cardes which in times past were verie perfect but now altogether fpoyled From Carelsoo to Gotland Sand Gotland Sand. the course is northeast and northeast and by north one-and-twentie leagues Gotland Sand is an Iland of a league great you may sayle round about it and round about it it is white strand From the northwest point there shooteth off a Sand there it is sixe seven and eight fathome deepe and all over good anckor ground The Coperstone Coperstone lyeth distant from Gotland Sand westnorthwest and northwest and by west three leagues Four or five leagues south and by west and southsouthwest from Gotland Sand lyeth Faro Sand Faro sand and at the north ende of Faro Sand there shooteth off a badde foule shelf or Sand northnortheast about two leagues into the Sea which is called Salf-onreyn Salf-onreyn You may runne into Farosand at two and three fathome deepe and there standeth a church with a flatte
goeth in a haven which lyeth eastnortheast from Malesond it is a faire haven of tenne fathome deepe there is good anckor ground Consback about the lowe point you may see Consback lye north from you you may runne in betweene Ning or Nydingh and the firme land for there also it is flatte water Wynno From Malesond to Wynno the haven of Niloos the course is northnorthwest three leagues By Wynno you goe into the River of Niloos Reefsond the haven is called Reefsond there lyeth a rough Iland which you must leave on baghborde and the long rock on starreborde and so you must runne in through the rocks by the rugged Iland there are no blinde rocks which you neede to feare Whâ—n you come within the rugged Iland then you may anckor there behinde or within at twentie fathome The south chanel reacheth in northnorthwest it is wide and broade and goeth in at eight nine and tenne fathome FroÌ„ Reefâ—ond to Calfsond it is northnorthwest four leagues you must sayle into it south from a great rock Calfsond whereon there standeth a beacon south from the Haven there are manie great rockes and northward they are small rockes now when you are within the rockes about the point of the north land there you may anckor at fiveteene or sixteene fathome for there it is good anckor ground From Calfsond you goe forward to Bahuys and then you leave Connel on the left hand Bahuys Connel you may also goe within the rockes from Calfsond to the river of Nyleus Masterland and Calfsond lye about four leagues distant Mâ—sterland If you will sayle from Schagen to Masterland then goe eastnortheast then you shall see a round rock or hill called Bretto Bretto hill when that is eastnortheast from you and you sayle right upon it then you come open before Masterland and then you see the Pater-nosters lye before you which is a heape of out-rockes Paternosters which reach farre out into the Sea leave them on baghborde and sayle along by them eastnortheast east and by north till you come by the Iland of Masterland and when you come to the land then the River will open which reacheth in by the south side most east and by south and eastsoutheast and when you are within the Iland where the mast or beacon with the barrel upon it standeth then turne up southward behinde it and anckor before the towne for then you may see it lye before you there you put an anckor out before to seaward and make a rope fast upon the Kaye lying also with the sterne of the shippe at the Kaye You may goe into the Sea againe through the south chanel close along by the rock South chanel which lyeth in the middle of the chanel above the water you may goe about on both sides of this rock but within the rock which lyeth above the water there lyeth a blinde rock and on the south side there lyeth a great rock that lyeth somewhat more outward then that which lyeth above it and there lyeth also a blinde rock under the water on the Iland upon the north side of the rock which lyeth in the chanel The chanel reacheth in most east and east and by north there all about it is good anckor ground and you may also sayle within through the rockes to the havens or rivers of Bahuys Nileus Thus the land sheweth betweene Waersberghen and Masterland Britto Waersberghen VII The situation betweene Col and Schaghen ANout sand and Col lye distant from each other northwest and southeast about eleven leagues you may easely see them both upon the hatches of the shippe in cleare wether when you are betweene them in that chanel it is twentie and two-and-twentie fathome deepe From Anout sand to Zeeland the course is southsoutheast twelve or thirteene leagues Betweene Anout and Zeeland it is fiveteene and sixteene fathome deepe Anout sand is verie shoring and reacheth from Anout about eastnortheast into the Sea but when you come out of the west you may sound it at seventeene or eighteene fathome but when you come out of the Sond with a sharpe winde then you can not sound it On the north side of Anout you may ancker at tenne or eleven fathome so that then you may shunne the Sand to goe to the Sond Betweene Col and Anout there lyeth a banck which is no deeper then seven or eight fathome sometimes the streame raveleth much thereon There lyeth another banck betweene the banck of Anout and Valkenborch of twelve fathome which reacheth to Haland which also in some places is no deeper then eight fathome a litle south from Anout sand Betweene Anout and Waersberghen in the chanel it is two-and twentie fathome deepe but there also there lyeth a banck betweene them both of tenne fathome deepe when you are forced to lye by a winde betweene Anout and Lesou and that you finde twentie fathome deepe then you must knowe that you beginne to fall neare to Norwaie side but when you runne westward and finde but twelve thirteene fourteene and fiveteene fathome then you must knowe that you are towards the Iutsche or Anout side then you must winde againe towards Norwaie but where the bancks aforesaid lye is declared before there you must looke to it passing to and againe over it least thereby you should erre and goe out of the waie If you must be forced to laveere betweene Lesou and Anout or betweene the Sond and Schaghen by night or in mistie wether you must not spare your lead the chanel for the most part is twentie one-and-twentie two-and-twentie and three-and-twentie fathome deepe Betweene Anout and Lezou in the right chanel it is five-and-twentie fathome deepe but right betweene Anout and Lezou it is flatte water of seven or eight fathome There you may sayle through betweene them both till you come to the Belt Anout on the west side is verie foule and full of Dwalegrounds of two or three fathome From the Sand of Anout to the Trindle it is northwest tenne or eleven leagues Trindle The Trindle lyeth northeast from the north ende of Lezou three leagues upon it is about eight foot water but as some saye but four foot It is stonie sand ground and a Flatte in bignesse as much as two Morgens of land Lezou it lyeth extended along the chanel and on the northeast side there lyeth a tonne upon it From Lezou there commeth a Flat towards the Trindle which you may sound at three or four fathome When you sayle through betweene Lezou and the Trindle then the nearer to the Trindle you have the deeper water that is 5 6 7 fathome spare not your lead by night about the Trindle nor come no nearer unto it on the out side then 9 or 10 fathome What may be said more of the Trindle as also of the full situation of the Iland Lezou with the bancks and Flats shooting out from it and how you
Iland or rock before it and thereon there standeth a mast with a barrel this Iland or rock with the mast lyeth upon the east side of the haven keepe along by the land whereon the mast with the barrel standeth and sayle in close by the barrel for there standeth a hand on starreborde of the haven which sheweth you that there lyeth a blinde rock under the water that there you might turne somwhat from it this haven is narrowe and a short chanel to come into now when you are within you may goe eastward againe into the Sea and come out againe to the river of Santfort A league west from Longhen lyeth the haven of Oxefort Oxfort it is a wide haven runneth in first north there lyeth a long rock west from the haven leave that on baghborde and goe north till you be about the west point of the land when you are a litle waie within the long rock there lyeth a blinde rock under the water which you must leave on starborde and on the west point also there lyeth a blinde rock which you must shunne When you are there within then you must sayle in northwest and by north and northwest and ancker upon the north side of the haven there it is wide and broad there are manie creekes wherein you may lye at twentie and five-and-twentie fathome there you may ancker where you thinke good When you are before Longhen and Oxefort then the Drommels lye westnorthwest from you About a league west from Oxford Tromsond goeth in east from the white church which standeth on the Sea side Tromsond about half a league east from Mardou it is a faire river You must sayle in behinde the land of Mardou into the haven of Mardou there stand two masts or beacons upon the east or north side of the haven upon a high hill you must sayle in by them and there also you may ancker Thus the land betweene Mardou and Langhesond sheweth when you come out of the west ond are five leagues from the land almost against Longhen Drommels Hill north from the Drummel East-drommels The land of Westkiel IIII. The situation betweene Mardou and Vlecker THe Iland of Mardou on the toppe is full of greene trees and round about it is all bare rockes The Iland Mardou on each side of the Iland there goeth in a haven the east haven of Mardou reacheth in w. s w. there lyeth a blinde rock on the right hand as you goe in but you must go close in by the Iland of Mardou the haven is no deeper then three fathome and you may ancker under the Hand at 12 or 13 fathome you may also goe up into the river The west haven goeth in on the west side of the Iland you must leave Mieuholme on baghborde and goe in n. n. e. so sayle behinde the Iland or els goe up the river and there ancker on the west side Frō the west ende of the Iland of Mardou there lyeth a rock under the water which you must shūne when you goe into the west haven When you are before Mardou the Drommels lye n. w. from you Drōmels but when you are right before the land or tne haven you cannot see the Drommels West from Mieuholme there lye manie redde rocks west frō thence you goe into Hesnes Hesnes Kercksond and half a league westerlyer lyeth Kercksond upō the Iland of Hesnes there stand two beacons or masts and there it is verie deepe but to Kercken it is shallower there it is 30 fathome deepe the outrockes there are all redde On the west side of the haven lyeth a rock under the water called Coenagle there stand two masts upon the land when they are one against the other then you are against the Coenagles The two masts aforesaid stand upon the graie holme leave them on starborde and so goe inwards there it is high land and the Drommels lye about n. n. w. from you you may sayle from thence within the rockes to Mardou Two leagues west from Hesnes lyeth Hamersond the haven of Hamersond reacheth in northnortheast Hamersond and you may ancker behinde the Iland against the beacon at thirtie fathome The east haven of Hamersond reacheth both in and out northwest and southeast there lyeth a rock on the west side with a mast or beacon upon it Old Hilsond West from Hamersond you goe into the Old Hilsond if you will goe into Old Hilsond you must goe in east from the rockes of Blindsond which lye on the west side of Old Hilsond Before Old Hilsond there lye manie great rockes and there stand two or three mastes upon them all which you must leave upon starborde and goe in as I said before by the west side you may turne westwards up about the point and sayle through betweene the Ilands that you may see no Sea you may there goe into what River you will they are all faire Rivers to goe into The Iland of Blindsond lyeth on the point of the west side of Old Hilsond Blindsond You shall knowe the Iland of Wolfsond thus they are all high graie rockes Wolfsond and there stand three or four mastes upon them Wolfsond hath two havens the east haven reacheth in northwest and then you must leave the great round high rock whereon the mast standeth on the west side the west haven is a narrowe haven to goe into it goeth in upon the north side of Reperwick there stand two stenges or masts upon the land which you must leave on baghborde and there you must goe in close by them and on starborde there lye a companie of small rockes you must goe in by them and sayle behinde the Iland whereon the great masts stand and there ancker there you lye safe against all windes and you may also runne there within the rockes and come out againe into the Sea by Old Hilsond or you may also goe out of the east haven of Wolfsond which you will Reperwick haven goeth in right west from Wolfsond north and north and by west it is a faire wide haven you must sayle in by the land of Wolfsond and leave all the rockes of Wolfsond whereon the masts stand on starreborde and all the great rocks of Ransond on baghborde and so goe in behinde into the haven and then turne up westward and there ancker there is the rode and a faire haven for ships that will goe west Thus the land sheweth betweene Mardou or the Drommels and Vlecker when you come out of the west and sayle along by it Vleckereur The Boot Wolfsond Hamersond V. How you shall sayle into Vlecker and the havens betweene Vlecker and the Neus VVest from Coperwick lyeth Vleckeroer which also hath two havens to goe into Vlecker the east haven of Vlecker goeth in west from the point of Ransond westnorthwest when you are before the east haven of Vlecker then you may see full into the Vosse when you sayle
into it you leave all the black rockes on starborde and the great graie rockes with the Iland whereon the two mastes stand on baghborde goe in by them leaving them on baghborde then you must turne up westward to Dievenholme and there ancker west in the Sandbaye When you are before the east haven of Vlecker there lyeth a round hill called the Omgekeerde Boot it striketh out above all the land against Hamersond when you come out of the west Omghekeerde Boot then you see three high lands lying inward to the land which when they come towards the Drommels by litle and litle vanish awaie The west haven of Vlecker reacheth in northnorthwest whē you come from Heylighesond you may see the river open and you may sayle by the rocks and scharres of Heylighesond along into that Iland you must ancker on the west land within Dievenholme whereon the gallowes stand at fiveteene sixteene and twentie fathome You may goe againe from thence through that east haven into the Sea and leave the Iland with the mastes and all the great rockes on starborde and all the black rockes on baghborde Heylighesond On the Iland of Heylighesond there stand two great mastes you must goe westward into the Iland til you be in you must ancker under the aforesaid Iland whereon the mastes stand there runneth a great river into the land there you may saile in for there the shippes lade Scheersond or Westerrysen Four leagues west from Heylighesond you goe into Scheersond or Westerrysen you must leave Sparrels on the left hand and all the great holmes or rockes on starborde and so you must goe in A litle east from the Neus lyeth a rock with two mastes called Melin Melin. a litle easterlyer from that there lyeth another rock whereon also there standeth a mast which rock is called Sparrels Sparrels betweene these two out-rockes you must goe into the Cloof or the Cowe and the Calf which are two well knowne round hillocks Cowe and Calf lying in the land of the Neus when you come against Sparrels there lyeth a blinde rock under the water but when you are within Sparrels then there lyeth a rock above the water which you must leave on baghborde then the haven will by litle and litle open unto you and then you are against the Clofe and then turne up westward about the point and ancker there in the Sandbaye at fiveteene or sixteene fathome then the Cowe and the Calf will be about northnortheast from you Right west from the point of Neus there goeth in a haven which is called Selloer or Manesond Sellore or Manesond if you will sayle into the east chanel of Manesond you must beware of the Bishops boeden lying in the middle of the River and leave them on baghborde and goe along in by the land of the Neus untill you come a litle within Bishops boeden Bishops boeden there you shall finde a rock under the water which you must shunne ancker right against the white church within the said rock but if you will goe in at the west or north chanel then you must goe north about the out-rocks and sayle upon the south ende of the lowe land to Leest and goe in by it but you must take heede of the rockes which lye off from the innermost Iland under the water on starborde now when you are against or within Bishops boeden then it will there be nine fathome deepe there you may ancker or if you will goe further in then sayle upon the said white church which standeth on the north side ancker there where you will You may also goe in east behinde the lowe land of Leest but it is a whole land East from the Neus the high land of Spangher lyeth The high land of Spangher which is a land verie wel to be knowne Thus the land of Norwaie sheweth betweene the Neus and Vlecker when you come out of the west and are five leagues from it The Neus The land of Spanger Thus the Cowe and the Calfe shewe when you come out of the west and are against them Calf Cowe Thus the Cowe and the Calf shewe when they are north and by east four or five leagues from you Calf Cowe Thus the Neus sheweth when it is four or five leagues west from you VI. Of the falling of the streames along these Coasts ALthough the water upon the coasts of Norwaie falleth up and downe yet it holdeth no certaine tyde some time of the yeere and specially in the fore part thereof there goeth so stiffe a streame about the west along by the coast of Norwaie that a shippe lying by the winde with a southwest streame cannot drive downewards if it may beare sayle and the nearer you are under the coast of Norwaie there you finde the harder streame This streame commeth in that sort falling out of the Belt against the Land of northeast and turneth in that sort along by the coast of Norwaie into the north Sea but betweene Farder and Masterland it is for the most part all anckor ground at 35 and 40 fathome VII How these Places are distant one from the other FRom the west ende of the Paternosters to Harmenshooft north and by west 5 leagues From Harmenshooft to Zuyderwicxholme northnorthwest 4 or 5 leagues From Zuyderwicxholme to Akersond n. w. by w. 5 leagues From Akersond to the Sisters w. and by n. 4 leagues From the Sisters to Bast northwest 5 leagues From Bast to Coperwick north and by west 4 leagues From Bast to the Roo-hooke or Soenwater n. n. e. 4 leagues From Soenwater to Farder south 8 leagues From Bast to Farder south and by east 5 leagues From Monick Iland from Roge to Farder s s w. 5 leagues From Farder to Larwick westsouthwest 4 leagues From Farder to Langesond westsouthwest 8 leagues From Langesond to Iofferland southsouthwest above a league From Ostrysen to Mardou southsouthwest 3 leagues From Iofferland to Mardou southwest 8 leagues From Mardou to Blindsond southwest 4 leagues From Mardou to Reperwick s w. 8 leagues From Blindsond to Wolfsond s w. 3 leagues From Wolfsond or Reperwick to Vleckereur westsouthwest southwest and by west 3 leagues From Vlecker to Scharsond westsouthwest 3 leagues From Scharesond to the Neus w. s w. 4 leagues From Vlecker to the Neus w. s w. 8 leagues From Reper to the Neus westsouthwest 8 leagues VIII How these Lands are distant from other Lands HOw all these havens of Norwaie are distant from Schaghen and the Holmes in Iutland both for length and widenesse you finde it in the third Chapter of this Book described at large From der Neus to Schaghen east 33 leagues From der Neus to Holmes in Iutland s e. 19 or 20 leagues From der Neus to Bovenberghen s e. and by s 24 leagues Frō der Neus to Holie land s by e. s s e. 67 or 68 leagues From der
from it at least a bowe shotte there is the Rode and there you may ancker by the land as drie as you will there it is good lying and there you begin to see Cola by the house If you will seeke for rode under Kilduyn Kilduyn when you come out of the north or the west then goe to the west ende of Kilduyn through betweene the mayeland and Kilduyn and when you have sayled a litle within then you shall see a round Iland and there it beginneth to be narrowe but you may well laveere through it then goe forth to the southeast ende and there ancker in the bought under Kilduyn as neere to the land as you will there stand a companie of Lapland houses and there is the principal rode there you are safe against all windes the point south from the rode is lowe land You may also ancker under the firme land betweene the narrowe waie and the rode of Kilduyn at a place wher in the Carde an anker is marked Through betweene Kilduyn and the land it reacheth westnorthwest and eastsoutheast To sayle from the east into Kilduyn then goe in west till you come by the aforesaid lowe point of the Iland then turne up northward along about the point ancker in the bocht aforesaid before the houses upon the Rode at twelve thirteene or fourteene fathome on the south side it is verie deepe fiftie or sixtie fathome There lye also some other Ilands east from Kilduyn where possible you should finde Rode under them but I can write no certaintie thereof Thus the Iland of Kilduyn sheweth it self when you come out of the west Thus Kilduyn sheweth when the shoring point is south and by east and the river of Cola southsouthwest from you about five leagues the land west from Kilduyn is verie hillie and the river openeth verie wide as it standeth heere Kilduyn The firme land The river Cola. Eyghentlÿcke afbeeldinghe van de Riviere van Kola met alle Eylandekens clippen ende Reden daer in gheleghen Item de gheleghentheyt van Swetenoes ende Lombascho III. The situation of the Seven Ilands Swetenose and Lombasco and so forth to Orloghones FRom Kilduyn to the Seven Ilands Seven Ilands the course is southeast nineteene leagues under the Ilands you may anker where you will you may goe in by the westerlyest Iland and there ancker at five or sixe fathome From the Seven Ilands to Swetenose the course is southeast one-and-twentie leagues About three leagues west from Swetenose Ilands west from Swetenoes there lye certaine Ilands where you may ancker behinde them the northerlyest lyeth right west froÌ„ the point of Swetenose you may theâ—e goe in by it ancker behinde it when you are by Swetenose then you see litle of those Ilands because the firme land is much higher then those Ilands To sayle into Iokena or the river of Swetenose when you come north or west then you must sayle close by the land to have a sight of the Iland and goe through betweene the Mayeland and the Iland but the best chanel to goe into it is through betweene the third and the fourth Iland which is a deepe wide and broad chanel and lyeth southwest and southwest and by west from the point of Swetenose you runne most south into the River and then you see the Iland which lyeth within the other Ilands you may ancker there behinde When you are a litle past the innermost Iland and come against the high point then you sayle in in the middle of the water betweene both the lands and there it is shallowe water at five four three and two and an half fathome as it standeth marked in the Carde but you may goe boldly in through the middle of the chanel along to the Lapland houses where the salmon fishing is and ancker there in the midst of the water but you must there looke well about you for there abouts there lye some blinde rockes Blinde Rockes which are bare at lowe water To finde the right situation of this haven then marke that when the high point is behinde the fourth Iland about south from you and the point of Swetenose northeast and northeast and by east then you are right open before or against the said haven Some saye that you may sayle through behinde betweene the fourth Iland and the point but there betweene them both it is verie narrowe The Tyde there falleth just with the Tyde at Swetenoes not much differing and with a Spring-tyde ebbeth and floweth two fathome and an half Behinde the point of Swetenoes Swetenoes you may runne into the Creeke and there ancker safely against a north northeast and east windes there it is faire ground From Swetenose to Lombasco Lombasco the course is southsoutheast about thirteene leagues you may also ancker under Lombasco but there it is not so good lying specially with great shippes and also there it is not verie faire it beates there verie strongly in when the winde bloweth out of the Sea You may see the situation of this rode in the Carde there the depth is perfectly marked both at high and lowe water The water ebbes and flowes there at least two fathome and at a Spring-tyde litle lesse then three or two fathome and an half Within the point or the bought you can not lye for there it is not above three foot water and there also it is verie stonie and foule From Lombasco to Orlogones Orloghones the course is southsoutheast and south and by east sixe or seven leagues But from Orlogones to the three Ilands it is southsoutheast about twelve leagues When you are about half waie betweene the North Cape and North Kyne and about seven leagues without the land you goe with a course of southeast and by south without all land but if you set your course something more southerlyer then you fall on Swetenoes Thus the land sheweth betweene Swetenose and Orloghones when you sayle along by it Orloghones Lombasco Third point Second point First point Swetenoes Skonce Vnder this Iland you may hide a shippe from yseganges and it lyeth half a league beyond the Skonce These graie points are betweene Swetenoes and Lombasco IIII. Of the Tyde and running of the streames AT the North Cape a southsouthwest moone maketh a high water Against Tannebaye a southwest moone maketh high water At Warhouse a southwest and northeast moone maketh high water At Kilduyn an eastsoutheast moone maketh high water At the Seven Ilands a southeast moone maketh high water At Swetenose a south and north moone maketh high water Along by these Coasts cast froÌ„ the North Cape the streames come out of the northwest and northnorthwest and goe so along the coast of Lapland to Orloghonoes V. How these Lands are distant from each other and from other Lands FRom North-kyne to Tannebaye or Matcorf the course is southeast 11 or 12 leagues From Matcorf or the point of Tannebaye to Warhouse southeast and somewhat
southerlyer 14 or 16 leagues From Warhouse to the point of Kegor or Osterhaven southeast and southeast and by south 11 or 12 leagues From the point of Kegro to Laus southeast and southeast and by south about 9 leagues From Laus to the River of Cola south and by east and southsoutheast about 11 leagues From Kilduyn to the Seven Ilands southeast 19 leagues From the Seven Ilands to Swetenose southeast 21 leagues From Swetenose to Lambasco southsoutheast 13 leagues From Lambasco to Orlogenes southsoutheast and south and by east about 6 or 7 leagues From Orlogenes to Cape de Candenoes northeast 47 leagues From Kilduyn to Costintsarke upon Nova Zembla east and by north 118 leagues VI. Of the heigth of these Countreys THe Iland of Kilduyn lyeth under 69 degrees 34 minutes Cape de Candenose lyeth under 68 degrees 46 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 36. CHAPTER XV. A DESCRIPTION OF the Sea-coasts of Russia Corellen and Lapland and also the Coast of Russia betweene Cape de Candenose and Nova Zembla or the Strait of Waigats I. The situation betweene Orloghones and the River of Archangel FRom Orloghones to the three Ilands Three Ilands as I have also shewed in the Chapter before the course is southsoutheast five leagues from thence three leagues distant southsouthwest lyeth the river of Ponoy Ponoy The Mouth of the White Sea is but eleven leagues broad about four leagues from the three Ilands in the middle of the Mouth of the White Sea there lyeth a Sand A Sand in the Mouth of the white Sea which in some places at a lowe water is bare you must sayle westward about it and you may also goe eastward about it but there it is flatte water and verie shallowe From the three Ilands to the Iland Sousnowits which is coÌ„monly called the Crosse Iland Crosse Iland the course is southsouthwest thirteene leagues but from Ponoy it is eleven leagues Sousnowits Southeast and by south from the three Ilands on the Russia side the Mesensche Golf Mesensche Golfe goeth in whereinto there runneth a great river to Colmogro and there goeth another river into the land whereon the towne of Slowodo Slowodo lyeth From the Crosse Iland or Sousnowits to the Cats or Catsnose point which is also called the Blue or Graie point Catsnoes or Graie point the course is southwest and by south twentie or one-and-twentie leagues upon the south side of the chanel there lyeth a banck Banck which is no deeper then three fathome it is at least seven or eight leagues long and reacheth southwest and by west and northeast and by east From Catsnose point to the Mouth of the river of Archangel the course is south and by west seventeene leagues Thus the Iland of Orloghones sheweth southward from the three Ilands Ponoy and the Crosse Iland Crosse Iland Ponoy Orloghones Three Ilands II. How you shall sayle into and up the River of Archangel VVhen you goe south and by west from Blue point to S. Nicolas you see the land a great waie west from S. Nicolas which sheweth like a long peece of land and a litle nearer to the River you see more land which openeth it self as if it were a round Iland and after that you may see the steeple of S. Nicolas S. Nicolas when the steeple of S. Nicolas standeth south and south and by west from you then you are open before the Mouth of the River of Archangel Markes of the haven If you will goe into the River then sayle upon the steeple of S. Nicolas untill you see the Cape which standeth upon the west side place that a lever or bowe length west from S. Nicolas steeple then there come two small downes under the said steeple those two small downes lye right west from the crosse downe and there lyeth also another downe westward which also is greater for those downes are verie small then the steeple standeth also in a valleye of the wood which are all markes of this haven Having brought the Cape so as I said then sayle in upon it south and south and by west and sometimes somewhat easterlyer You may also place the Cape and the steeple right against each other and goe in upon them Depth in the chanel then you goe in along by the west side which farre off from the land is altogether flatte Wâ—thout before the haven it is five four and three fathome deepe but in the mouth or upon the Drumple of the haven it is no deeper at high water then fiveteene or sixteene foot and at lowe water twelve or thirteene foot But when you can not see the Cape or that it is gone then you may bring the towne of S. Nicolas into the wood in such manner as that almost the third part of the wood be westward and almost the other two third partes of the wood stand eastward of it When you have gotten to the mouth of the River you must sometimes goe easterlyer as south and south and by east till you come to the west side then goe close along by it and put not off from it untill you come against the white pleck or place on the west side to the place the which is marked in the Carde with the letter A. Then strike over from it east and by south and eastsoutheast right to the point of the wood on the east side and so southeast along by the east side close by the land but against the two Ilands which lye on starborde it is verie foule and shallowe along by the east side which you must look to but goe along by the east side untill you come to the first river on baghborde then strike over againe to the west side southsouthwest to the bought there on the east side it is flatte water and when you are in the bought then goe on eastsoutheast and then east and by south to the Stone-reach Stone-reach there sayle in the middle of the river along by the tonnes for they lye in the middle of the chanel and on both the sides of the tonnes it is uneven rugged ground When you come against the Stone-reach there standeth a fishers house upon the west side by the litle river that runneth into the land on the north ende or west ende of the Stone reach against that foresaid house there lyeth a great stone under the water about which you may sayle on both sides it lyeth about the middle in the chanel as you sayle forward but Mariners are accustomed to sayle westward about along by the west side as also through the Stone-reach for the west side is deepe ynough and in some places soft yeelding ground but the east side is full of stones When you are past the tonnes then you must againe keepe some thing off from the shore There was wonte to lye an Iland at the ende of the Stone reach but not long since it is wholly cutte and broken awaie by
good haven you must sayle in westnorthwest through both the lands in the midle of the chanel then you must turne up north and ancker before the towne More then a league south from Monros there lyeth an out-point called Readhead Readhead on the land there standeth a high steeple called Albroed Albroed Four or five leagues south from thence lyeth the river of Donde Dunde or Dunday which also is a faire haven it goeth in betweene two high lands west and by north till you be before the towne Within upon the River there lyeth a town called S. Iohns S. Iohns which you may goe unto with a high water About southeast froÌ„ the River of Dunde almost two leagues there lyeth a great rock under the water whereon it raveleth continually it is called the Sheepe The Sheep if you come from the River of Edenburgh and will goe northward or if you come out of the north and will goe into the said river you must take heede of it Betweene the river of Dunde Fisnes or the north point of the creeke lyeth the creeke of S. Andrewes S. Andrewes where there is a good rode for a westerlie winde Thus the land of Scotland sheweth north from Aberdin when you sayle along by it three leagues from the land III. How you must sayle up the river to Edenburgh and the situation from thence to Coket Iland ABout a league south from Fisnes lyeth the Iland May The Iland May. it is a great Iland when you are in it but no man can gette upon it unles he be drawne up upon it in a carre or vessel if you will goe up the River you must goe about on the south side of May and leave the Ilands Bas and Heynkief on the left hand The Iland of Bas Bas. lyeth distant from May southwest and by south three leagues but from Bas to Heynkief or Inchkiet the course is west three leagues you must sayle north about Heynkief Heynkief for on the south side along to the firme land it is all full of rockes and verie foule ground From Heynkief to Lieth or Seton Lieth or Seton the course is south and by west three leagues there over all it is deepe ynough and there you may ancker on which side you will you have good rode in all places On the south side thereof lyeth Edenburgh Edenburgh the chief citie of Scotland From the Iland Bas to S. Abbenhooft or S. Tabs head S. Tabs-head the course is east five leagues and from S. Abbenhead to the uttermost ende of Schassen it is southeast seven or eight leagues To goe through within the Schassen The Schassen place the castle of Bamburgh or Badenburgh right over against the steeple of Denstenburgh and sayle up upon it then you goe through betweene the Ploegh and Goldstone Ploegh Goldstone which are two rockes lying between the Schassen and Holie Iland which lye even almost with the water The Schassen reach northeast into the Sea three leagues from the land and north from them lyeth the Holie Iland Holie IlaÌ„d or Land South from the Holie Iland there is a Creeke wherein you lye safe against all windes and against the castle is the best rode To sayle into Barwick Barwick comming out of the south you must sayle westnorthwest from the north point of Holie Iland till you come before the haven there you shall see two beacons you must sayle in betweene theÌ„ both so forward between the two â—oints in the middle of the chanel right before the towne From the Schassen to Coket Iland the course is southsoutheast eight or nine leagues There a man may sayle round about and ancker at four fathome There abouts also there runne manie litle rivers into the land but at lowe water they are most of them drie IIII. What Moone in these places maketh high water and of the falling and running of the streames AT Orcanes and Buquhamnesse a southwest and northeast moone maketh high water In the haven of Lieth a southwest and by west moone maketh a high water The streames come behinde Scotland from the west and so fall through betweene Orcanes and Fayrhil and there a southwest and northeast moone maketh high water From Bokenesse to Lieth the flood falleth south and north along by the land And from Lieth along by the Schassen and Coket Iland southsoutheast In this chanel it is 40 50 and 60 fathome deepe and at 45 50 fathome a man may see the land In this chanel the first herrings are yeerely taken V. How these Countreys lye distant from each other FRom Cattenes to the Iland Hoy w. n. w. 5 leagues From Catenes to C. Terbate s w. and by s 15 or 16 leag From the haven of Ros or Luvernes to the point of Elgin east and by north and somewhat northerlyer 7 leagues From the point of Elgin to Spilort east 1â— leagues From Spilort or Philort to Boeckenes s s e. 3 leagues From Catenes to Boeckenes s e. and by s 21 leagues From Boeckenes to Aberdin s s w 12 or 13 leagues From Stonebay to Monros s w. and by s 4 leagues From Monros to Readhead south 3 leagues From Dunde to Fisnes southsoutheast 5 leagues From Fisnes to the Iland May southwest 1 league From May to the Iland Bas s w. and by s 3 leagues From Bas to Heinkief west 3 leagues From Heinkief to Lieth or Zeton s and by w. 3 leagues From Bas to Abenhooft or Tabs head west 4 or 5 leagues From May to Tabs head s e. and by e. about 4 leagues From Tabs head to Barwick southsoutheast 5 leagues From Cattenes to Boeckenes s e. and s e. by s 21 leagues From Boeckenes to Lieth in Scotland s s w. 33 leagues From Fisnes to S. Tabs head s e. and by s 4 leagues From S. Tabs head to the Schassen southeast 8 or 9 leagues VI. How these Lands are distant from other points and places FRom Boeckenes to the uttermost Iland of Orcanes north and north and by west 32 or 33 leagues From Boeckenes to der Neus east and somewhat southerly 88 or 90 leagues From Boeckenes to the Texel southeast and somewhat southerlyer 118 leagues From Lieth to der Neus e. n e. somewhat easterlyer 103 leag From Schassen to the Teese southsoutheast 21 leagues From Schassen to Flamborowe head southeast and somewhat southerlyer 29 leagues FroÌ„ Aberdin to the haven of Yarmouth s e. by s 93 leagues Vnder what heigth these Countreys lye THe greatest uttermost Iland of Orcanes lyeth under 59 degrees 8 minutes Catenes lyeth under 58 degrees 32 minutes Boeckenes lyeth under 57 degrees 50 minutes S. Tabs head lyeth under 56 degrees 12 minutes Heere followeth the Carde N. 40. CHAPTER XIX A DESCRIPTION OF the North coast of England from north of Newcastle to Yarmouth I. How a man shall sayle into the River of Newcastle and into the
Teese SEven or eight leagues south from Coket Iland lyeth Tinbuy or Tinmouth Tinmouth or Tinbuy which is distant from the Schassen southsoutheast fiveteene or sixteene leagues South from Tinmouth there lyeth an out-point called Sonderla Sonderla betweene this point and Tinmouth the River of Newcastle runneth in wherein there is twelve foot water at half flood From the point of Tinmouth there shooteth off a stonie banck which you must sayle in by but the southeast ende is flatte there you may goe in with the lead at tenne foot half flood The markes to sayle into this River are these there are two fire towres which stand on the north side of the haven you must set them one over against the other and sayle in upon theÌ„ along by the said stonie banck until you are in and when you are within first you must sayle all along by the north side till you are past the towne of Tinmouth then you must turne over to the other side and so you come into a crooked waie which striketh up northward having past that you must goe southward to Haesoort and so forward about Haesoort to the towne of Newcastle From Tinmouth to the Teese or Hartlepoole Hartlepool the course is southsoutheast eight or nine leagues Hartlepool is a Peere or Head behinde it at lowe water you may lye drie with your ship Right south from it the Teese The Teese goeth in it is a great wide and deepe river and reacheth in westsouthwest with seventeene eighteene or nineteene fathome water and there is nothing in the waie that can hurt or hinder you you must sayle in through the middle of the chanel and ancker before the castle of Wisten In the innermost part of this haven that is before the towne of Stockton it is but four fathome deepe Right east or south from the Teese there lye two chalck hilles called Humplefoot Humplefoot and Read hil Reddehil Thus the land betweene Coket Iland and Tinmouth sheweth when you sayle against it Tinmouth Coket Thus the land sheweth betweene Tinmouth the hilles of Humplevoet Readhil south from the Teese when you sayle along by it Humplevoet Readhil Teese Hartlepoole Esenton Schel Sonderla II. The situation betweene the Teese and Flamborowe head FRom Teese to Scarborowe the course is southeast and by east 11 leagues Betweene theÌ„ both lyeth Whiteby Whitbye which is a Peere or Tydehaven which at lowe water is drie so that as theÌ„ you may there lye drie On the east side therof there shooteth off a stone-banck which you must shuÌ„ne If you will goe into Whitby you must sayle in between the two beacons till you come betweene both the lands Betweene Whitbye Scarborowe lyeth Robbenhoods baye it is a faire rode for a southsouthwest and west windes there you may ancker at seven or eight fathome Skarborowe carburgh hath two peeres or heads you may goe behinde them at high water and at lowe water lye drie you must sayle in south from them From Skarborowe to the point of Philo Pâ—ilo the course is southeast three leagues Southward about you may sayle into the Bay of Philo it is a round Baye which at lowe water is drie But without the head of Philo there lyeth a rock under the water which is called Philo cracke Philo crake Betweene this stone and the Peere a man with a shippe of two hundred tonne may lye aslote at five fathome lowe water and there lye safe against a northeast and east windes Three leagues west from Philo lyeth Flamborowe head Flamborowe head which is distant from Scarborowe southeast and northwest five leagues Flamborowe head hath manie white patches chalck hilles specially on the north side to Philo on the south side it hath a head or peere and a league west about the point lyeth Berlington Berlington which also hath a peere you may ancker there in the Baye or Creeke at sixe or seven fathome This is the forme of the land betweene the Teese and Flamborowe head when you sayle along by it Flamborowe head Philo. Scarborowe Robbenhood Whitebye Humplevoet Redhill III. How you shall sayle up the River of Humber to Hul into Boston and to Lin. FRom Flamborowe head to Kelbese Kelbese or Ravenspurre the north point of Humber Humber the course is south and by east about eight or nine leagues there is is all flatte water five sixe seven and eight fathome deepe To sayle into the River of Humber when you come out of the south set Poltoren right upon the north point of the River and sayle up upon it so long untill the steeple south from Doepenton commeth betweene the trees and the other steeple then sayle in westsouthwest and west and by south to the first middle flatte then sayle north or south about till you be before Grimsby there is the rode at sixe or seven fathome and there you lye behinde a Middle-flat from thence further inward the course is west and by north and west northwest to the ende of the banck which reacheth along the haven on the north side when you are at the ende thereof then you must turne up northward in the river of Hul there within it is sixe seven eight and nine fathome as you lye and there it floweth three fathome up and downe with dead streame An east and west moone maketh a high water there If you will goe into Boston river Boston river you must goe along by the land of Slegnesse and sayle close in by the foot strand and so you shall not sayle by Elleknock When the three trees stand south froÌ„ Somkil or the speere steeple then Elleknok lyeth right to seaward from you then you may sayle forward along by the land of Leeck at three or four fathome to the river of Boston You may also come againe into the Sea betweene Elleknock and Long sand Long sand at three fathome Betweene the chanel of Boston and the chanel of Lin it is all full of Sands and shallowes so that it is verie needfull there to take a Pilot for him that will sayle there it floweth there three fathome up and downe so that with shippes that drawe not much water you may goe over the sands at high water An east and west moone maketh there a full Sea betweene the Sands From Flamborowe head to Chappel or the Sonck it is south and by east nineteene or twentie leagues The Sonck is a Sand which at lowe water is seene west from it the east chanel of Lin goeth in To sayle into the haven of Lin Lin. sayle westward about the Sonck place the heap of trees over against the point of Sitsem or Suytsom and Chappel east from you and then goe in southeast and by south then you shall finde the first tonne then south and by west and southsouthwest and sometimes somewhat westerlyer till you be about the point the tonnes and the beacons will
shewe you the waie when you are about the point then you may runne through the sands into the north chanel and sayle through it into the Sea againe by the tonnes and markes thereof This north chanel reacheth northeast and northeast by east it is verie well marked and beaconed When you will sayle into the aforesaid east chanel of Lin cōming out of the north then you may sayle in west from Sonck that is south and by east in and so goe betweene the Sonke and Chappell south and by west to the first tonne and so from the tonne by the beacons along to Lin before the towne When you come out of the east you may goe along by the land within through the Sonck close by Chappel and so south and by west to the first tonne aforesaid IIII. The situation of the Havens and Banks lying betweene Chappel and Yarmouth FRom Chappel to Cromere the coast reacheth eastnortheast east and by north east and east and by south between them both lyeth Burnham Burnham Wels and Blancknye which are tyde-havens From Chappel to Burnham the course is east southeast three leagues If you will put into Burnham you must goe in at a high water you must place the steeple against the black so sayle in by the beacons leaving them on baghborde Betweene Burnham and Welles there lyeth a banke which you may ancker behinde at five or sixe fathome but upon the banke it is but two fathome deepe at half flood Five leagues east from Burnham lyeth Wells betwene Wells Blakny there lyeth a Sand called the Pol the Peper Pol or Peper it lyeth fast to the land and there it is shallowe or flatte far into the Sea which you must shūne On the west side of this Sand the haven Welles Welles goeth in and the beacons stand all along by the Peper when Hobrom standeth southsoutheast from you then you are west from the Peper and there is good rode as I said before at sixe fathome Then Welles lyeth southeast from you and then the trees stand against the steeple you may then sayle openly into the haven of Welles along by the beacons Blackney Blackney is a Tyde haven going in on the east ende of the Pol at Blackney there standeth a high steeple which may be seene a great waie into the Countrey when that high steeple is against the small steeple then you see the first tonne lying upon the east or south ende of the Pol then goe from tonne to tonne till you are within the haven From Blackney to Cromere Cromere the course is eastsoutheast four leagues and from thence the land reacheth southeast and by east to Haesberghernesse four leagues Right south from the Admirals house lyeth Haessant or the banck of the Admirals house you may sayle through betweene this Banck or Sand and the land at two fathome But without it is eight or nine fathome deepe when Winterthon Winterthon lyeth west from you then you are south from this banck A litle to seaward from this banck lyeth Winterthon Sand when Winterthon lyeth southwest from you then you are at the north ende of Winterthon sand About northnorthwest and north and by west from Winterthon sand lyeth the banck before Cromere Banck before Cromere which lyeth at least five leagues from the coast of England When you come out of the north you may goe through betweene Winterthon sand the Banck of the Admirals house at tenne or twelve fathome within the bankes till you come to Yarmouth But betweene Kockling the land it is but four or five fathome deepe Kockling is a Banck lying against Keson when Keson is against the bunch of trees which stand there upon the flat steeple which standeth upon the water side then you are south from Kockling Against Kockling there is a chanel in the Sea along through the Holmes if you will goe through it out into the Sea then set Keson against the wood and then sayle out of that chanel you shall there have five or sixe fathome deepe but on the south side it is the deepest water When the speere steeple of Winterthon is north from the small steeple then you may also goe through betweene Winterthon banck and the Holmes into the Sea and there you shall have tenne or twelve fathome deepe These streames aforesaid are the principall places where the greatest number and best herrings are taken which men keepe all the yeere and send into other Countreys Thus the north coast of England sheweth betweene Cromere and Yarmouth when you sayle through betweene the bankes Keson Winterthon Haesbergh Cromere V. Of the running and falling of the streames about these places NOrth from the Teese the flood falleth southsoutheast along by the land Against the river of Newcastle and the Teese the flood falleth southeast and the ebbe northwest Against Scarborowe and Flamborowe head the flood falleth southeast and the ebbe northwest From Flamborowe head to Blackney the flood falleth southeast and the ebbe northwest Against the bancks of Cromere Winterthon the flood falleth southsoutheast and the ebbe northnorthwest VI. What moone maketh high water in these places BEfore the River of Newcastle a southwest and northeast moone maketh high water In the Teese and Hartlepool a southwest and northeast moone maketh high water At Robbinhoods baye and Scarborowe a southwest and northeast moone maketh high water At Philo and Flamborowe in the Peere a westsouthwest moone maketh high water Before Humber Lin a w. s w. moone maketh high water In the river of Humber and of Lin an east and west moone maketh full Sea At Burnham Welles and Blackney an east and west moone maketh full Sea Before Cromere a southeast moone maketh high water Without the banks of Yarmouth a southeast moone maketh high water VII Of the depths against these Countreys and at what depths you may see them YOu may see Scarborowe upon the hatches of the shippe at five-and-fortie fathome You may see Flamborowe head also at 45 fathome North from Humber you may see the land at 25 fathome When you come from Flamborowe head and will goe to Flanders or the Heads then you goe over a Sand of nine or tēne fathome this Sand is called the Welle which goeth through the whole north Sea against Heliger haven and there it endeth by our saylers it is called Dogghers sand or White Banck by Englands side it is the shallowest for there it is but tenne fathome and sometimes deeper as twelve thirteene fourteene fiveteene and sixteene and so forth still somewhat deeper till you be at the Holie land That which lyeth south from this banck towards the Heads is called Deepewater which is in the place where the Buyses fish in Harvest time there it is two-and-twentie four-and-twentie six-and-twentie and eight-and-twentie fathome deepe That which lyeth north is called Bynorth it is thirtie five-and-thirtie fortie five-and-fortie and fiftie fathome and sometimes sixtie fathome North and
e. and n. n. w. This Iland hath also a faire bottome but the north ende is flat verie farre to the Grouwe deepe Frō Phanu to Deadhill or Dodenbergh it is about 4 leagues Betweene them both lye the havens of Grouwe deepe Schellinghkroegh as it is shewed elswhere XII How these Countreys are distant from other Countreys FRom Holie land to the Eyder it is east and by north and west and by south 7 leagues From Holie land to the uttermost tonne in Hever it is n. e and s w. 8 leagues You may anckor by the uttermost tonne in Hever and see Holie land plainly From Holie land to Small deepe or Ameren northnortheast somewhat easterlyer and southsouthwest and somewhat southerlyer 11 leagues From Holie land to Silt haven or List the course is north and by east distant 19 leagues From Holie land to Knuyts deepe or Reper deepe north and north and by east 25 leagues From Holie land to the Horne or Dodenbergh north and south 32 leagues From Knuyts deepe or from the Iland Phanu to the Vlie southwest and by south 51 leagues From the Iland of Silt to the Vlie n. e. and s w. 47 leagues Heere followeth the Carde N. 22. CHAPTER III. A TRVE DESCRIPTION of the situation of the Seacoasts and Havens of Iutland from Dodenbergh till you come about Schaghen I. Of the situation of the Horne and of the Reefshorne RIght north from Doden-bergh lyeth the point called the Horne Horne betweene Suyder-side and Wester-side which there maketh a Horne of the land for there southward the land reacheth eastsoutheast and westnorthwest to the Grouwe deepe but there northerly it reacheth north and south to Westerside Westerside is a village betweene Blawenbergh and the Horne About this point or Horne there runneth off a long banck at least 12 leagues about westsouthwest into the Sea called Reefshorne Reefshorne or as some say the Divels horne This banck in some places lyeth all drie specially seven or eight leagues into the Sea where this banck is no deeper then two and an half or three fathome a foot lesse a shippe that sayleth upon it may sometimes be seene just from the land but by the land it is at the deepest Depth upon Reefshorne that is four fathome a foot lesse He that commeth there with a shippe that goeth deepe must take heede thereof for this Banck on the northwest side is so shoring that a man at one cast of the lead hath 22 fathome the second cast 15 fathome and the third cast 3 fathome But it is an assured thing when you are on the west side or north from the Reefshorne then you may sound along by the wall at 6 or 7 fathome till you come by the said Horne but then you shall finde a drie sand which rūneth off from the land called the Uyl The Owle which northward is verie shoring you may goe no nearer north unto it then seven fathome Right southward there beginneth Reefshorne to runne off from the land there it is a small banck Depth upon Reefshorne by the land there you shall for certaine finde but three fathome or three fathome a foot lesse for two or three casts with the lead as the winde bloweth and as you goe forward for presently againe you have five fathome sound then forward about by that drie sand where you desire to be as I told you before According to some mens opinions Dogghers sand beginneth from this banck for as a man earely in the morning setteth sayle out of Rincopers haven with a southwest course and a good northeast winde then you are about three or four of the clock in the afternoone yet at nine fathome whereby it may partly appeare that Dogghers sand should have her first beginning from this banck and the rather for that Dogghers sand lyeth there abouts To knowe the land heereabouts To knowe the land you must understand that about four leagues north from the said Horne there lyeth a high hill called Blawebergh which on both sides goeth plainly sloping downe it is somewhat blacker then the other land and overgrowne with heath and lyeth a litle from the strand And southward from this Blauwebergh as I said before the fishers village called Westerside lyeth and betweepe that village and the Horne lyeth a black hillock also a Gentlemans house otherwise it is altogether hillie ground Thus the land sheweth betweene the Horne or Dodenbergh and Numans haven Blauwebergh Dodenbergh II. To sayle into Numans chanel or Rincopers haven Ware afbeeldinge der Zeechusten vant noorder deel van Jutlandt vanden doodenbergh af tot om den-hoeck van Schagen tonende hoemen die selve beseÿlen en̄ de ondiepten daer neffens gelegen schouwen sal Vraÿ pourtraict des Costes marines de la partie Septentrionale de Jutlande commencant du mont dict doodenbergh jusqu'a'lentour la poincte de Schagen monstrant comment on les navigera et evitera les gues ÿ environ If you will sayle into Rincopers haven To sayle into Rincopers haven or the chanel of Numan then goe along by the land of Westerside at sixe or seven fathome til you come to the two aforesaid great white downes then you shall see two beacons stand whereof each hath a barrel upon it on the north side of the haven upon a lowe land bring them one against an other then they will stand north or north and by east from you and there you shall finde a tonne unlesse it be laid otherwise But right before the chanel of Numan lyeth a sandie flat called Gladde Iaep Gladde Iaep if you will sayle into the south chanel then leave this flat on baghborde and runne in close by the south side or foot strand whereon the said downes lye to the beacons for there you can have no hurt for you may sound them easely and that is the most assured course to sayle in by the strand if you looke well to your lead When you are past by Gladde Iaep then rūne to the north side whereon the said beacons stand for you must there sayle about them as close as you will it is a lowe plaine point verie faire and altogether steeping Now when you are within this point you may anckor there where you will This haven from without reacheth in most north and north and by east untill you are within the Gladde Iaep then you must goe somewhat easterlyer to the point aforesaid it is a haven that hath a good streame because there lyeth so great a chanel within it but it floweth there but litle up and downe not above two foot and an half with a dayly tide A southwest and northeast moone maketh there high water North-chanel Right north from Gladde Iaep there runneth another chanel in but there is but eight foot water in it When you are within Numen haven then forward it is Pilots water To sayle from Numit chanel to Rincopen but ships that goe not deepe they
Bornholm ende â—â—emel vertonende de ware â—â—theijt der Zeecusten van Prâ— Cassouben ende Pomeren â—sgaders de monden der Riâ— Havenen ende ReedeÌ„ aende â—eeven Custen gelegheÌ„ Hoemeâ—â—selve allo beseijlen enÌ„ hâ—â—r alle Reven SandeÌ„ â—cken Drooch ten enÌ„ peâ—eÌ„ daer ontrent hoedeÌ„ sal Carte Marine aune partie de la Mer de Germanie entre Bornholm et Memel representant la vraije situation des costes de Mer de la Prussie Cassoubie et Pomere Emsemble les embonchures des Rivieres Ports et Rades dicelles costes comment on les marinera et se gardera des bancs de sable improsonditez et lieux dangereux environ lesdictes places Thus the land sheweth betweene Reefcol and Righshooft when you sayle along about three leagues from the land Righshooft Wolsackes Reefcol II. To sayle from Righshooft to Dansick FRom Righshooft to Heel the course is southeast eight or nine leagues when you come neare Heel Heel then you are presently deepe thirtie fathome and the Coast of Heel close by the land is 24 and 30 fathome You may anckor under Heel at sixteene twentie fathome close by the land there it is a verie sloping ground when you are a litle from the land then you finde no ground for without the land you have no ground at fortie fathome Rode under Heel A league north from Heel there runneth a flat off from the land whereof you must take heede When you will anckor before Heel you may anckor on both sides of Heel but on the inner side it is soft ground From Heel to Dansick before the Wissel the course is south and by west five leagues If you will anckor before Wysel To anckor before Wisel then anckor west from the Kisten or the West head at teÌ„ne or twelve fathome But to sayle into the Wesel To sayle into the Wesel or the Haven of Danske then take heede to the two mastes whereon there stand two barrels which stand upon the Kisten or the West head place them one against the other and sayle up upon them and goe in betweene the two Heads but when you are within Termunde then chuse the east side for the west side is flatte and when you come before Botesmans flat then goe on Groenswoort side and there make your shippe fast with four cables or ropes Wesel chanel was wonte to runne in by the east side but that is wholly stopt and spoyled Thus the land sheweth betweene Righshooft and Heel Heel Vernoorde Acxternes Righshooft III. To sayle to Conincxberghen and Memle FRom Wesel to Conincxberghen Haven the course is eastnortheast and northeast and by east thirteene leagues but from Righshooft to Conincxberghen haven it is east and by south seventeene or eighteene leagues and from Heel it is distant thirteene leagues east and west It is altogether faire white strand To sayle into Conincxberghen haven and on both sides of the Haven there stand drie trees as if they were burnt and on the west side there stand two beacons which you must place one against the other and sayling up upon them then you finde the tonnes the tonnes lye on both sides of the chanel and you must sayle in betweene the tonnes untill you come within the Ketle there you may lye in the winde at three and four fathome then you come into a great Haf or Haven which goeth up eastward to Conincxberghen and southeast to Melvin Melvin and Brunsberghen Brunsberghen The two Havens aforesaid of Danske and Conincksberghen commonly alter everie yeere by meanes of the streames of the out-waters and the great force of the flackes of yce so that I can not well write of the stretching of them of anie certaintie but the Governours of the land have great care thereof so that they cause them to be continually well marked and beaconed Four leagues north and north and by west from Coninksberghen lyeth the point of Loocsteede Lockstede or Brusteroort There standeth a castle with a church by it not farre from each other and there also there are two high hillocks and there it is all full of trees If you will anckor before Conincxberghen chanel or haven you must place the point of Lockstede north and by east from you and there it will be eight or nine fathome deepe From the point of Lookstede to the haven of Memle The Memle n. n. e. 16 or 17 leagues there betweene them both it is altogether a faire strand there the land lyeth in a great bought or creeke The haven of Memle reacheth in n. e. and n. e. and by e. and it is two fathome deepe being within it you goe into a great haven or water and westward up about the point you may anckor where you will Thus the land sheweth betweene Conincxberghen deepe and Locke stede Lockestede Hankeheer IIII. Of the Depths and shallowes lying in these Chanels SWin lyeth about south from Borneholme and in the chanel betweene them both when you may see Borneholme it is 26 fathome deepe and when you may plainly see the Swyn there it is 7 and 8 fathome deepe but when you cannot discerne the land it is 12 or 13 fathome deepe for there along by the Pomersche coast it is al flat that most betweene Newe deepe and Garshooft but towards Reefcol Ryshooft and Heel it is 20 and 22 and 25 fathome deepe by the Coast About 7 or 8 leagues southwest and by south from Borneholme there lyeth a banck which is no deeper then five fathome This banck reacheth northwest and southeast and in this haven there lye more bancks some of 6 7 8 9 and also 10 11 12 and 13 fathome From Colsberghen to Garshooft it is altogether an even and flatte strand without bankes In the chanel betweene Borneholme and Reefcol it is 27 28 fathome deepe About four leagues from the land northwest from Reefcol there lyeth a banck of nine fathome and if you use your lead til you come to Righshooft you shall then finde more bankes then are spoken of here When Righshooft is s s w. from you about a league there it is 30 fathome deepe and there it is altogether uneven and bankie and the ground is white great sand When Righshooft is west from you there it is 16 fathome deepe and the ground is white sand When Righshooft lyeth southeast from you then you have 28 fathome deepe with redde stonie ground as if it were bankie sand Betweene Heel and Righshooft but nearest to Heel there it is 33 fathome deepe and there the ground is white sand At Heel in the Rode it is 25 fathome deepe the ground is verie sloping to 30 and 40 fathome it is black sand Betweene Heel and Conincxberghen it is verie deepe comming against Heel it is shoring but to Conincxberghen and the Nerungh it goeth naturally and flat up Betweene Lockestede and Sevenberghen in Coerland it is all flat rising ground and there you may see the land at 30