trust to these measures At the North Hooke of Texel land may be seene at 16. fatham depth Holland is seene at 14. or 15. fath water when you sayle within the shoald called the breede Veerthiene which beginneth at the Northwest of Harlem and stretcheth alongst the coast of Holland to the west ende of Vliland and is 7. or 8. leagues distant from the shoare The soundinges and groundes of Iutland neere the poynt of the Cimbrians commonly called Schagen or Schaw A Great league west and by North from the schavv is 35. fatham depth North northeast a great league of the corner of this poynt is found 38. fatham depth And when the poynt is northwest from you then you haue 17. fatham water Betweene this poynt and Lesou the chanell is 20. fath deep and the ground like clay or dirt Betwixt Anhout and VVaersberg in the middest of the Channell is 22. fatham water Betweene Lesou and Anhout the ground is firme and stony neere VVaersbergh is a shoald of 17. fatham depth Betweene Anhout and Col is another shoald of 17. fatham where sometimes it is troublesome like a whirepoole The depths and grounds of the Balthic or Easterne seas BEtweene Oeland and Gothland the soundinges are vnequall sometimes of 20. sometimes of 23. fath the ground of blacke and stony grosse sand like vnto Peas VVhen the South end of Oeland is two leagues distant from you westwardes you haue 27. fatham water where also you may commodiously gage water But when the chappell in Sudernoorden beareth west Northwest off you then haue you 31. fatham depth and ground fit to gage water Ouer against the rocke in the faire way is 52. fatham and a claye ground but fit for gaging Betweene the greater and lesser Carla you haue 14. fath depth vnder which is safe road for ships There is a shoald betweene Houburg Ostergard contayning 24. fath depth the ground is great red sand but hardly from thence can you ken Gothland out of the top There is also to the Eastward another shoald of 36. fath depth which when you are past you haue more then 40. fatham water VVhen the poynt of Righ is 3. leagues Southeast from you then haue you 30. fatham depth but when it is from you halfe a league South south-easterly you haue 15. fatham the ground is white sand But when it beareth west a small league from you then you shall finde 16. fatham water Ouer against Heel halfe a league from the shoare it is almost 32. fatham deepe The roade for shippes at Heel hath 25. fatham depth Betweene Moane and Falsterborn is 14. fatham depth Betweene sted and Falsterborn in the very chanell it is but 12. fath deepe neere Falsterborn it is full of shoaldes but neere Sted you haue 13. fatham water Betweene Drakerriff and Southolmen which is more shoaldie there is 5. fatham depth wanting two foote From thence towardes the Sound it is sometime deeper as 6. 7. 8. 9. or 10. fatham A DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE GREATEST PARTE OF THE SEACOASTES OF EVROPE FOr asmuch as these particular Sea Chartes which I haue set foorth of the Westerne Eastern and Northern Nauigation with the rest which I hope hereafter at the first opportunitie to publish haue their originall and beginnyng from this generall Charte of the Sea Coasts of Europe wherin you may playnly perceaue how the particular Countries are annexed and ioyned eache to other and euery one of them in his right place distance poynt of compas degrees minutes c. I haue therefore thought necessary to place this generall table or pourtraict at the very beginnyng of this booke before all the rest to th' end you may thereby the better seeke and finde out the particulars obseruynge th' order and methode of this booke Thinkynge it needelesse to make any larger discourse thereof for the vse of Saylyng Consideryng that the particular descriptions with their Charts being taken out of this generall and enlarged do very sufficiētly teache shew bothe the countries themselues their commodities so they be rightly examined accordyng to the true art of Nauigation employinge therewithall such necessarie instruments as appertayne therevnto A SHORTE INSTRVCTION OF THE FORME AND fashion of Buyes Beakons and other markes c. which are set for Shoaldes Sandes or hidden Rockes as they are marked in the particular Chartes of the Fliestreame Eemse Weeser the Elue Meersdiep and the Mase VPpon all the Riuers and Streames of Holland Friesland and Zeland the Buyes at the vpper ende are rounde and great and at the lower end small and sharpe like vnto this marke 1 being made blacke with Pitche or Tar lying for the moste parte vppon the right hande in Saylinge out on the lefthand in commyng in And on th' other side for sandes flats shoaldes do commonly stand the Beakons and other higher and more apparant marks made of Oasyers after this manner 2 that they may bee the farther of perceaued And where there is danger of poincts of Rockes Sandes shoaldes that stande out there are that you may shunne them white Tunnes or Buyes made after this fashion which do alwayes he vpon the contrary side of the foresaid black buyes The eye markes whereby you may assuredly finde these buyes and other markes are sufficiētly declared in the description before eache Charte But you must vnderstand that the Buyes and markes are herein noted as they weare Anno. 1582. Moreouer because the depthes and channels of the Riuers do yerely shift and chaunge their places both by reason of the vncertaintie and instabilitie of the sandie groundes and for that the entringes and mouthes of the Riuers do dayly waxe wider broder therfore these streames are to be tried by soundyng and to be sayled in with skilfull and experienced Pilots maisters The lande markes placed at the entries of Riuers I haue for streightnes of roome marked thus But where there is false roade grounde fit for Ankering I haue set downe this forme of an Anker The Figures which are placed in al Hauēs Riuers Streames Channels aswell in the mayne sea as elswhere vpō al the shoaldes Sandes Rockes do signifie the depth of the places as 1. 2. 3. 10. 12. Fatham so forth which is alwaies to be vnderstoode at half flood or ebbe The litle Crosses marked in this manner †alonge the Coastes neare Islandes and elswhere betoken hidden and daungerous Rockes of which you must carefully beware And where the double crosses are there lye greater Rockes couered with the water These markes in the Chartes are made thus A Generall Carde discription of the Sea Coastes of Europa and nauigation in this booke conteyned Semper eadem HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE SPQR Judocus Hondius fe A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE VLIE AND THE MARSDEEP TWO OF the notablest Riuers of all Holland from the Northern vnto the Southerne sea HE that will sayle from the North sea vp to Amsterdam or
little hauen called Quirins which on the west side is full of rockes but on the East side faire and good to enter at Three leagues from Quirin lieth the Cape of Ortegall where also standeth a Castle neere which you haue safe roade for a west and a Southwest wind This countrey yeeldeth great plentie of the best wynes of Ribadeos aswell red as claret and likewise aboundance of Orenges Apples Peares Chessenuttes and other fruites all which are both comfortable and wholsome for mans body THE SEA COASTES of Gallicia from Cape of Auiles vnto Ortegal A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF CORVNNA CALLED THE GROYNE FEROLES and Monsej the cheefest portes of Gallicia THe hauen of Siguera beareth three dutche leagues South westward from Ortegall it stretcheth inward South east and is a good Porte the Southside thereof hath a low point and is good but the Northside is all rockie and fowle gound You must anker before you come to the village of Siguera Foure dutche leagues westwarde from thence lieth Cape de Prior which reacheth out into the sea Two dutch leagues farther southward you haue the hauen of Feroles vpon the northside therof are 2. or 3. sandie Bayes of which the most Southerly is the greatest whervpon do stande a house or two when you are come nigh the house then appeareth vnto you somewhat Southerly the hauen of Feroles where you may sayle in at the middest of the water and beynge cleare of the North corner geuynge it a little bieth anker in the Channell at 12. fatham for before the village it self it is flat and rockie The south poynt of Feroles stretcheth far outward and is full of rockes you may set out from Feroles to Corunna South and South and by East vntill you be somwhat within the towre which standeth vpon a round Hill or Cliffe Then shall you see on the starborde side a litle Island wherein standeth a litle Church called S. Blase hale alonge a Cables length of it and anker before the towne at 6. or 7. fatham If you will runne into the Channell of Coruna from the Island Cyzarga called by the Fleminges Caesarea you must shape your course East south east about 5. leagues vntill you are within sight of the towre which standeth on the west coast of the lande for then shall you keepe 4. or 5. Cables length of the shore and may holde on your course in the Chanel right South east 4. or 5. leagues and beinge past Corunna may cast anker at Fontenne or Pytance on the west side vnder a rew of Rockes at 10. or 12. fatham water And ouer agaynst Corunna East north east standeth a cittie called Puente de Mas where you may also anker at 10. or 12. fatham There haue you likewise on the northside a rew of Rockes and ouer the Riuer a great Bridge There lieth an Hauen called Queres South south west and South and by west of the Island Cyzarga whose entrie is fayre after you are entred you must turne in westward a great half league and may anker there at 8. or 9. fatham in the channell Seuen dutch leagues westward of Cyzarga lieth the east poynt of Monsei or C. de Bellem neare which you may sayle to Monsei South south east and Southeast and by south If you wil come in thither from the west keepe the cape of Corrian called the Groyne without Cape de conde two ships lengths vntil you may see Marikerke which stands on the westside cleare without Monsei poynt Continue your course towardes Marykerke through the channel south east and anker behinde the Rokes before the towne at 8. or 9. fatham Yet shall you not saile into Monsei before Marykerke be seene without the poynt of Monsei There you may likewise anker on the Northside of the hauen at 6. or 7. fatham On the Southside of the towne of Monsei there is a Bay before which lieth a shoald East north east about two cables length thwart the hauen Marykerke lieth from Monsei North and by East but it lieth East North east from the Shingles VVhen you come from Sea if Marykerke be from you South east you may enter at the west side of the rockes the rocks lie from Monsei South west and by south but the inner end of the rockes beareth South and by west The Cape de Finisterre and Monte Lauro lie from eache other South east and North west and the Rockes betwixt them beare South south east There is a Bay betweene the Capes of Finisterre and Corrian where eastward of the great Rocke you may anker before the sandie Bay at 6. or 7. fatham A litle dutch league to the Eastward of Finisterre beareth the hauen of Corcouia which the Fleminges call Corco baiona It stretcheth inwards to the North where you may cast anker in the channel at the sandy Bay in 8. or 9. Fatham These Coastes or Portes do yelde like Marchandises and Fruites as the aforesayd coastes of Riba deos c. They take besides at certaine seasons euery yeare a wonderfull great quantitie of whales to their great profit and commoditie The mappe ' of the sea coastes of Galicia and of Octugall Vntill you bee paste the Cape of Finisterre Euen as it is scituated and as it appeereth When you comme sailinge alongst Out of the Spannishe Sea A TRVE DECLARATION OF THE SEA COASTES OF GALLITIA FROM the Cape de Finisterre beyonde Camino IF you will sayle into Muros or Moores set Montelauro called Mounteluer Northeast and by East from you holde then on towardes Montelauro and you shall go cleare of the Rockes that he on both sides but borow most of the south side because that is the salfest But when you come neare Montelauro you shall see many high Rockes which you must leaue on the larebord side three cables length and so go in South south east of Montelauro you haue a blinde Rocke in the middest of the Channell which you must leaue on the starbord side But when the Towne that lieth in Northwards of Montelauro cometh full open vnto you then are you past this blinde Rocke which lieth South and by East somwhat more Easterly of the East ende of the towne You must shunne the first poynt within Montelauro two Cables length of and hauyng past the other poynt beare in Northwardes to the towne which is on the starbord side The citie Muros standeth on the west side of the hauen where you may anker at .12 or .13 fatham But if you will enter the Riuer of Roxo you must set Southwarde without the cape of Muros for there are many rockes stretching out into the sea on the Northside of the hauen of Roxo which you cannot saile between VVherefore holde on till you be south of the great rocke and hauing left all the rockes on your Larebordside or to the seawards continue your course between the firme lande and the rocke vntill you may see the hauen open before you Then must you passe vp in the middest of
coastes THE SEA COASTES OF Portugal betwene Camino Montego eueÌ„ as the Countrie there aboutes is lying and situated with all the hauens thereof Exactly doÌ„ne and corected with great dilligence A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF THE MOST notable part of Portugall viz. from the Burlinges to beyond Sainct Vues THe Cape of Roxent beareth 12. leagues South and by East and South south-east from the Burlings About a league to the Eastward of Roxent lieth the Roade called Cascals where against a North wind you may anker at 10. or 12. fatham If you wil from Cascals into the riuer of Lysbone hale along the north shore bearing a loofe from the first blacke poynte about a cables length Then go towards S. Gyles poynt a quarter of a Cables length of it but take heed you enter not in a calme and a low ebbe because the tide setteth strongly vpon the northern shoalde called the north Malechopos or Katchupps when you are within S. Gyles beare alongest the North shoare vntil you are past the castell called Restiers or Rastels and anker at 12. or 13. fatham before the Towne called Bolin But if you will sayle in the channell called the Craeck deepe or great deepe of Lisbone set the west poynt of Roxent right against Cas-cals vntill the abbey which standeth vpon the hill westward of Restiers aunswereth to the little tower which beareth Northwardes vpon the land Then goe so towardes the Abbey of S. Katherynes almost North-east and North-east and by East vntill on your Larbord side you haue two third partes of the riuer Continue then your course towards Restiers vntill you are past the castell where you may anker at your pleasure But if through the Craicke deepe you will turne in or out vpon a board bring the said little Tower two mastes length westward and the like distance to the northward of the sayd Abbey and euery time when you haue brought your markes after this sort turne the shippe vntill you come to S. Katherynes bay But if you will set towardes the Bankes of S. Vues or S. Toous keepe the first poynt lying to the westward of Zizembre a shippes length without the point that beareth Eastward of it vntill you see a white house appeare ouer agaynst the castell that standes on the shoare Then may you discouer the castell of Palmedo in a great valley keepe these markes after this maner and goe North Northeast and North-east and by North vntill you are past the aforesayde castell on the shoare And from thence hale along that shoare at a cables length to S. Vues In the banks of S. Vues lie 7. shoaldes or barres which at full sea haue 4. fatham water On the South-side these bankes are drie and doe for the moste part shewe aboue water The entrie along the South coastes is onely for Barks and small vessels anker neare the citie of S. Vues at 6. or 7. fatham In this part of Portugall is so great trade and varietie of traffique that it is hardly to be matched in all Europe For there is great plentie of all kinde of spices suger siluer golde wine oyle salt Iuory cochenille brasill and innumerable other kinds of marchandises that are brought thither out of the Indies and from thence transported and dispersed throughout all Europe THE SEA MAPPE OF Pâ—â—â—ugal wherein are situated the most famous marâ— towne of Lisbone St vues with their Riuers and coastes as they show when you saiell vp and downe them A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ALGARBES the Southern part of Portugall AT the Cape of S. Vincent you haue salfe harborow for a North and Northwest winde Two leagues from Lagos lieth a great rock vnder water and a great league Southward from Villa Noua whether if yee will goe bring the tower and the mast standing vpon the East land togither and holde alonge the shoare vntil you are past the tower then beare in Northward till you come before the citie of Villa Noua where on the South side you haue a great drie bancke at the entrie or mouth is onely 2. fatham water at half floud and the north side is ful of bancks and shoaldes About 6. leagues Eastward beareth the citie Faraon where vpon the shoare standeth a light tower from the corner whereof lieth out a banck which you must auoyd Go in on the East side setting the tower on the Larbord the shoare of Tauilas on the starrebord side Foure leagues Northward of Faraon lieth Tauilas the entrance is crooked and full of shoalds which you must passe by obseruyng the shoare markes beacons and other signes before you may enter At halfe floud you haue there not aboue 10. or 12. foote depth euery yere the channell shifteth Foure leagues from thence Northward lieth Aimont a good hauen and you may beare right in from the sea or may enter by the Eastside hard abord the shoare within it is wide and broade you may turne to Castro-Marin or Aimont where you may anker at 5. or 6. fatham as you shall thinke best Fiue leagues further Eastward you haue the channell of L'epe which doth chaunge almost euery yeare Two leagues Eastward from thence lieth the entrie of S. Michael where you may come directly in from the sea then from S. Michaels with litle barkes you may passe the shoaldes to L'epe or Cartaya where you may take in the good Bastard wine These Hauens doe yeeld figges oyle corke and wines there is also great store of fish taken at Lagos which is carried thorough the straightes of Gibraltar sold and distributed among the most part of the townes of the Leuant A Description of the Sea Coastes of the land of Algarbe and a parte of the Condado with their shew opening A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES AND HAVENS OF ANDALVZIA SAltees beareth 4. leagues Eastward from S. Michaell you may saile by it to the great Condado and may goe in by the west entrance and keepe Guelua which we call the Vuoolfe ouer the Easterne point of the hauen bearing inwardes to Saltees But if you will enter by the land side then must you beare in with the west ende of the white cliffe hale then a cables length off alongest the shoare by the great tree that standeth westward of the cliffe keepyng still the point of the hauen right ouer against the Tower of Odier vntill you are cleare of the Island Then set Northward to Palos where you may anker at 5. or 6. fatham Saltees lieth 8. leagues from Chipiona South-east you may heere enter the riuer of S. Lucar de Barrameda called Guadalgueuir two cables length from the shoare and when you are cleare of the second shoalde giue it a birth of the South shoare vntill the Abbey and the great tree are one then holde on to S. Lucyfers Church commonly called S. Lucar de Barrameda To get the true depth and channell of the riuer set the said great tree right ouer the East-end
needle or the sharpe foote of the compasse you shall make a new pricke which may be defaced againe with chalke But if you happen to shape an other course to wit to the South Southwest or west Southwest then must you commit to memorie how farre you haue sayled and runne on this or that poynt VVherefore it auayleth sometimes to cast out a line a stearne with a lead to it fastened to a pole or some peece of woode and setting the compasse aloft in the poope to consider how much the ship goeth to the Leeward or misseth of the intended course that you may lesse erre in gessing your course This done with one paire of cōpasses measure the leagues frō the last prick but with the other the course or poynt and there againe make a new pricke and so forwards For one foot of the compasse must be set vpon that line in the Card which aunswereth neerest to that point or course on which you haue sayled and with the other foote must you seeke the ships course But with the other paire you must compare with your kale how many leagues you haue run It is commendable euery 24. houres to pricke the Carde once and set downe how much you haue sayled and made that in the degrees of the Carde you may see what height you are in and how all capes and coasts beare from you It is also a goodly matter for the master euery morning and euening to write or cause to be written downe what course and vppon what point he hath runne that afterwardes also in his Sea-card this may be noted and considered how the capes and chanells beare from hym whosoeuer shall vse such a Sea Carde as is here described shall enioy thereby no small oportunitie and commoditie in right sea-faring THE COVRSES OF ALL THE COASTES OF HOLLAND ZELAND Fraunce and Spaine vppon what poynt and in what distaunce they are FRom the I le of Texel vnto Egmont South and by west leagues 5. From Egmont vnto the Maze s. s. w. leag 11. From the Maze vnto the VVielinge s. w. leag 12. From the VVieling vnto the head or straite betwene Douer and Calice w. s. w. leag 18. From the I le of VValckeren or Flushing vnto Calice s. w. and by w. leag 22. From Blacknesse vnto Deepe s. s. w. leag 12. From Deepe vnto Seyne head or the riuer of Seyne w. s. w. leag 11. From the Seyne head to the riuer of Cane s. w. leag 8. From thence vnto Cape de la Hague N. w. leag 12. From thence vnto the Caskets w. and by n. leag 8. From the Caskets to Garnsey s. w. and by w. leag 4. From Garnsey to S. Malo s. s. e. leag 10. From Garnsey to the Sept Iles s. w. and by s. leag 12. From the 7. Iles to S. Poul w. s. w. leag 8. From thence to the Fourne w. s. w. leag 10. From the Caskets to the Fourne s. w. by w. leag 34. From the Fourne to S. Mathews poynt s. s. e. leag 3. From thence to Fontenau or Fonteynes s. by e. leag 5. From Vshant to the Seams seaboord it South leag 7. From Fontenau to the west Pennemarques s. e. leag 7. From thence vnto the I le of Croye E. by s. leag 12. From the west Pennemarques to Bel I le E. s.e. leag 15. From thence to Heys somewhat more easterly South East leag 12. From thence agayne vntill within Piquelier East and South leag 10. From thence agayne vnto Croysill E. by s. leag 9. From Picquelier vnto Heys s. and by w. leag 5. From Heys to the Kiliats East South-east leag 10. From the I le of Heys to Porthuys South-east and by East leag 12. From S. Martins Iland to the burning Ile South-east and by East leag 3. From the burning I le to the Oyster banke South South-east leag 3. From S. Martins Ile to the tower of Cordam South and by East leag 12. From thence vnto Bayone S. and N. leag 28. From Bayone to Orio w. southwest leag 5. From Orio vnto S. Ian de Luz E. S. E. leag 6. From Orio vnto S. Andrew w. and by s. leag 20. From S. Andrew to Cap de Pennas E. and w. leag 30. From Cap de Pennas to Ribadeo s. w. by w. leag 12. From Cap de Pennas to Ortegal w. by w. leag 20. From Ortegal vnto Ribadeo S. E. leag 14. From Ortegal vnto the I le of Cizarga South-west and by west leag 13. From Cizarga vnto Coronna E. S. E. leag 6 From thence vnto Cap de Coriana w. S. w. leag 10. From Coriona to Cap Finisterre S. and N. leag 3. From Finisterre vnto Bayone s e. by s. leag 14. From Bayone vnto Port de Port s s. east leag 18. From Port de Port to Aueiro S. and by N. leag 8. From Aueiro to Montega s. s. w. leag 5. From Montega vnto the Barlinges s. w. leag 12. From the Barlinges to Roxende s. and by e. leag 12. From Roxende to S. Vues poynt South-east and by south leag 8. From thence vnto Cape S. Vincent South and North leag 24. From thence vnto Pharo East and west leag 14. From Pharo vnto Lepe N. E. and by E. leag 12. From Pharo to Saltees E. North-east leag 18. From Saltees to Chipiona South-east leag 8 From Chipiona to Calis Malis South-east leag 6. From Calis vnto the straight of Gibraltar South south-east leag 8 From Calis vnto Cap de Cantin South-west and by south leag 60. From Cap de Cantin to the I le of Madera w. leag 104 From Cape S. Vincent to Madera South-west and by west leag 115. From Roxende to Madera South-west leag 130. From Roxende to the I le of Tercera west leag 210. THE COVRSES OF ENGLAND Ireland and Scotland FRom Boecknes vnto Leeth in Scotland South South-west leagues 28. From Leeth vnto Barwicke S. south-east leag 8. From Barwicke vnto the Holy I le E. S.E. leag 4. From S. Abbes head to the Easterne end of Farne Iles south-east leag 6. From the Iles of Farne to the Tees mouth South south-east leag 16. From the Riuer of Tees to Flamborough head South-east and by East leag 14. From Flamborough head to Blackney S. E. leag 18. From Blackney vnto VVinterton south-east leag 8. From VVinterton vnto Lestoft s. by east leag 8. From Lestoft vnto Orford hauen south leag 7. From Orford vnto the Forland S. south-east leag 13. From the Forland to Douer south leag 5. From Douer to the Shingles or the Nesse poynt south-west and by west leag 7. From the Nesse poynt vnto the Beache w.s.w. leag 6. From the Beache to the I le of VVight west and by south leag 15. From VVight vnto Portland w. and by s. leag 10. From Portland to the Start poynt w. s. w. leag 14 From the Start vnto Ramshead poynt w.n.w. leag 6. From Ramshead vnto Dudmans poynt w.s.w. leag 8. From Dudman to
leag 10 From Sckagen to the Trindell S.E. and by E. leag 7 From the Trindell of Lesou vnto Anout s.e. leag 8 From Anout to Col. South southeast leag 9 From Col to Aselyn on Zealand in Den-marcke south west and by west leag 8 From Aselyn to Steuens head w. N.w. leag 14 From Falsterboner riffe to VVitmont s.e. by s. lea 14 From Steden to Bornholme E. and by S. leag 16 From Bornholm to Reefcol east and by north leag 20 From Bornholm to Coolsberghe south-east leag 10 From Bornholm vnto the Rocke north n.e. leag 15 From Bornholm to Houbourgh n.e. leag 38 From Houbourgh to Rygs head south and N. leag 28 From Houbourgh vnto the VVindou E.N.E. leag 26 From Oostergarde vnto the VVindou E. w. leag 20 From the VVindou to Dageroort N. E by n. leag 28 FroÌ„ Dageroort vnto the Gotsche sand n e. by n. lea 18 From Dageroort vnto the Vieu N.w. by N. leag 10 From the Gotsche sand to Bouschaer N. by E. leag 15 From Marien vnto Elsenuos N.N.E. leag 14 THE COVRSES OF FRISLAND IVTland Pomeren Courland and Lyffland FRom Maers deepth in Holland to Bornriff n.e. lea 10 From Bornriff to VVrangherooch E.N.E. leag 26 From VVrangherooch to Holy land north leag 5 From holy land vnto the Riuer of Elue southeast and by east leag 6 From Holy land to the Riuer of Eyder East and by North. leag 6 From Holy land vnto Rypen Northeast and by North. leag 12 From Rypen vnto Bouenbergh N. n.w. leag 25 From Bouenberghe to Holmen N. N. E. leag 6 From Holmen vnto Robbenknuyt northeast leag 8 From Robbenknuyt to Sckaghen north n.e. leag 9 From Sckaghen vnto Zebay south by w. leag 6 From Zebay vnto Hals s and by w. leag 5 From Hals vnto Steuens-head s. s. E. leagues 5 From Steuens-head to the great Helm s.s.w. leag 6 From the great Helm vnto wero s.s. E. leag 3 From wero vnto Bolsack s. s. w. leag 3 From Bolsack to Sproo s. s. E. leag 8 From Sproo vnto Longh-land s. E. leag 3 From Longh-land vnto Lalants haeck or hoocke south and North. leagues 7 From thence vnto Femeren s. E. leagues 4 From the Isle of Femeren to the Rae of Lubeck south south west leagues 8 From Rae to Crycer-oort N. E and s. w. lea 4 From Cruyceroort vnto Robbenes northeast and by East leag 12 From Robbenes to VVitmont n. E and by E. leag 8 From VVitmont to Iasmont s. E. and by E. leag 2 From Iasmont to the Paert s. s. e. leag 2 From the Paert vnto Colsberghe E. n. e. leag 12 From Colsberghe vnto Garshooft or head north east and by north leagues 10 From Garshead vnto Reefcol E.N.E. leag 4 FroÌ„ Reefcol vnto the Risschehooft or head E.n.c. lea 12 From Risheâ—â— vnto Heel s.e. leag 6 From Heel vnto the VVissel of Danzick s. by w. lea 4 FroÌ„ thence to Conincxberghe deepth n. E. by E. lea 10 From thence to the Memel n. N.E. leag 12 From the Memel to Zeuenberghe n.n.w. leag 8 From Zeuenberow vnto the VVindou N. by E. lea 14 From the VVindou vnto Lyseroert N.E. by E. leag 4 From Lyseroert to Domsnes E.N.E. leag 8 From Domsnes vnto Runen E. and w. leag 6 From Runen vnto Rygh S.E. leag 12 From Rygh vnto Pernouth N. and by E. leag 14 From Pernouth vnto the East end of the Olsel west northwest leag 10 From thence vnto the Swalawcroort n. E. leag 14 From thence vnto Dagheroort n.n.w. leag 18 From thence vnto Zyburgsnes n. E. leag 6 From Zybourghsnes to Oitkens Holm n.e. by e. lea 5 From Oitkins holm to Narien E.n. E. leag 6 From Narien vnto VVrangher E. leag 6 From VVrangher vnto Eke-holm E. and by s. leag 7 From Eke-holm vnto the Narue E. and by s. leag 12 From the Narue vnto the Russe-haecke n. leag 4 From the Russche-hookes to VVybourgh north-east and by n. leag 16 From the High Iland vnto the Narue s.e. leag 10 From Highland vnto Somere n.e. and by E. leag 10 From Highland vnto Narien w.s.w. leag 20 From Narien to Luz by the Scheeres n.n.w. leag 8 From Vieu vnto Bouscher s.w. and by s. leag 12 From Bouschaer vnto the great Carell s s.w. leag 10 From thence to the South end of Godtland s.e. and by s. leag 6 From Houbergh vnto the Ryghs head South and by east leag 26 From Houbergh to the South end of Oeland south-south-west and by west leag 18 From Oelandt vnto Bornholm s.w. and by s. leag 20 From Oelandt to the Rygish head s.e. leag 22 From Bornholm vnto VVitmondt s.w. leag 9 From Dorenbosch vnto Moen n.w. leag 7 From Moen vnto Gheester riffe s.s.w. leag 6 From Gheester riff vnto Lubecke s.w. and by w. lea 14 The Sea courses on the backside of Moscouie and generallie of all our trafficks FRom Candalex vnto Ombay s.e. and by e. leag 10 From Ombay vnto Stalsland south east leag 8 From Stalsland vnto VVarsiga E.s. E. leag 12 From VVarsiga vnto Caroa E.s. E. leag 8 From Carea vnto Karswyck E. leag 5 From Karswyck vnto Polongi E.n. E. leag 6 From Polongi vnto Sautsnawitz n.e. by e. leag 6 From Sautsnawits vnto the Iles n.n. E. leag 10 From the three Iles to Orlogonos n.n.w. leag 4 From Orlogonos to Sweetonos n.w. and by n. leag 12 From Sweetonos to the Seuen Iles s. E. leag 18 From the Seuen Iles vnto Kildin s. E. leag 24 From Kildin to Lauwes N.w. and by N. leag 8 From Lauwes to Oosterhauen S.E. leag 10 FroÌ„ Oosterhauen to VVaerhuys N.w. by N. leag 10 From VVaerhuys to Matcorf N.w. leag 10 From Matcorf to Northkin w. N.w. leag 12 From Northkin to the North Cape E. and w. leag 10 From the North Cape or Loppe to Trompsont w. S.w. leag 40 From Trompsont to Lof foote S.w. leag 38 From Lof-foote to Rust S.S.w. leag 25 From Rust to Stad S.w. more S. leag 90 From Stad to Berghen S. and N. leag 30 From Berghen vnto the VVtsiers S. and by E. leag 30 From the VVtsiers to the Noes S.E. leag 29 From Schaghen to the Riff s.w. and by w. leag 24 From the Riff to Calice by Flaunders s.s.w. leag 95 From the Heads to the Shingles or Nesse poynt S.w. and by w. leag 9 From the Nesse poynt to Beachy w.s.w. leag 7 From Beachy to the I le of wight w. and by s. leag 15 From VVight to the Start poynt w. and by s. leag 26 From the Start to without Vshant S. w. by w. leag 30 From Vshant to Cizarga s. s.w leag 86 From Cizarga to Cape de Finisterre w.s.w. leag 12 From Cape de Finisterre to the Barlings S. and N. leag 50 From Cape de Finisterre to the Terâ—â—…ra w. and by S. leag 120 From Cape de Finisterre to the I le Madera S. w. and by S. leag 180 From Madera to
N.E. and by E. From Derley to Cape de la Hague it falleth S.S.E. From Cape de la Hague to Aldernay N.E. In the Rasse of Blanquert it falleth N.E. From Dierley to the Caskets it falleth E. and w. From Garnsey to the Caskets it falleth a quarter of a tide East Southeast and the rest N.E. At the Sept Iles the flood falleth E. and by S. From the Sept Iles to S. Pol alongst the shoare E. by S. From S. Pol to the Fourne it falleth E. and by S. From the Fourne to S. Mathews poynct S. and by E. In the Bresont betweene Vshant and the Seames E.N.E. In the Ras of Fontenay the flood falleth thwart ouer the Rocke called the Emperesse and maketh a very great noyse and tumbling on the banke called the Calfe Furthermore vpon all the coastes of Poictou Gascoyne Biscay Gallicia Portugal and Spayne it falleth alwaies right of and on to and fro FOrasmuch as of late dayes many skilfull and experienced nauigators and shipmaisters haue most earnestly trauayled to finde out a sure and perfect way whereby with the help of some certayn signes or instruments aswell the Longitude of the place from East to West as the Altitude of the Pole betweene South and North might in sayling be secretly known yet haue brought nothing to light more then what long agoe was well knowne to our auncestors that is to say the vse of certaine instrumentes which in this thing are vncertayne though very good and perfect in that vse to the which they were first made and seeing that by them all there is not discouered any hidden way in the firmament by the which the Longitude of the place might certeinly be obserued and vsed I will not at this time make any mention thereof but deferre it till a fitter and more commodious time that I may then discouer to all men what I know therein Wherefore I would intreate all those that happily might finde this strange in a matter of such weight and importance not to be greeued thereat but paciently expect that which remaineth An exact description of the depths and soundings neere the diuers prouinces of our nauigation and first of Gascoigne Poictou and Brittayn WIthout Garumna the riuer of Bourdeaux there is 14. fatham depth but when you come within sight of Cordam tower but 30. fatham Ouer against the coast of Poictou 16. leagues without Oleron you haue 25. fath depth but comming neere the land of Poictou 8. leagues from the shoare you haue 35. fatham In the channell betweene Porthuis and Heys it is 30. fatham deepe and asmuch in the channell of Heys as also betweene Heys and Belile is the same depth VVithout the channell it is 35. fatham deepe but within are 25. fatham onely without Heys two Kenninges off there is found 45. fatham 22. Leagues Southwardes of Belile you haue 70. fatham but nyne leagues from the Northwest point of that Island towardes the Southwest is 60. fatham depth And ouer against the midst of Belile in 40. fatham depth you shall see land In your course betweene Belile and the Seems you may come no neere then 50. or 45. fatham If you sayle from Belile west and by North when you are against Gloyland you shall finde 60. fatham depth without and within the rocke which standes off Gloyland to the seawardes you haue 40. fatham water In 65. fatham depth without the west Penmarques you may saile Northwest and by west without the Seems but by night come no neerer then in 55. fatham for the ground is grosse and red sand full of round flints halfe a league west Southwest of the Seems is a ledge of rocks where you haue 7. fatham depth but betweene the Seems and the rocks there is 50. fatham water In the chanell betweene the Seems Heissand called Vshant you haue 55. fath depth the ground is grosse red sand mingled with little round stones red and black neere to Vshant there is 45. fatham but within it is of an vnequall and variable depth Southwestwardes almost six leagues off Vshant you haue 70. fatham and the ground is fine white sand mingled with litle white shelles and other small thinges like needles and then is Vshant East from you but if the sand be grosse and white mingled with great and white shels then is it Southeast to you But if you doubt of these grounds go Northerly if your sound be deeper then you are towardes the Seems if not so deepe then are you in the chanell almost North of Vshant Betweene vshant and Obeurac in the trade it is 60. fatham deepe betweene vshant and the Isles of Silly or sorlinges in the midst of the chanell there is 70. fatham depth If you sayle betweene the Seems and Vshant in 70. fatham water the ground will be of little blacke stones easie to be broken and of yellow earth or clay but if you finde red and hard sand goe Northward till you happen on white sand mingled with long strakes and then without doubt you sayle in the channell If setting from Cizarga you sayle N. northeastward in the Spanish seas towardes Vshant and finde your selfe in 80. fatham ye are 14. or 15. leagues off Vshant but comming neerer you shall haue 70. fatham water and be 10. leagues distant of Vshant But if you find the ground to be yellow shels little black stones then are you towards the Seems wherefore you must with the tide beare off northward to shunne Vshant vntill you finde white sand and thinges like needles for such are the groundes of the channell Betweene Vshant and the I le Base when you sayle at 4. fatham water you are 4. leagues off the shoare but by night come no neerer then 25. fatham when you are two leagues off Obcurac you shall finde 25. fatham depth but 8. leagues off the Sept Ilandes you haue 55. fatham A league without the rockes of Obeurac there is a blind or hidden rocke So that if you are to sayle vpon a boord betweene the Fourns and Obeurac come no neere that blinde rocke then 40. fatham but Eastwardes you may sayle in 30. or 25. fatham If a ship sayling west Southwest and Southwest and by west of the Isles of Sylly or Sorlinges at 80. fatham water be found by the crossestaffe or the Astrolabe to be vnder 49. degrees and 15. minutes of Altitude she is 26. leagues from land and must goe East and by North till she get 66. fatham water For then certeinly she is in the chanell betweene the Isles of Sylly and Vshant and then if she be bound for England she must sayle more Northward and betweene the lands end and the Lilard she shall haue 55. fatham depth A diligent description of the soundinges and groundes betweene Ireland England and Normandy THree leagues without the Iles of Dorsey vnder Ireland it is 45. fatham deepe In the chanell betweene Dorsey and Cape cleere is 42. or 43. fatham The chanell from Cape Cleere to the
Islands of Saltees hath 45. fatham But two leagues off Ireland it hath but 40. Betweene the Isles of Saltees and Milford it is 44. fatham deepe betweene Londay and the Isles of Sylly 38. fath In the mid way betweene the Isles of Sylly and Milford it is 44. fatham deepe but plaine North of Sylly 40. and 42. fatham Neere England by the landes ende the channell is of 50. fatham depth A ship that commeth from Cape Finisterre sayling North Northeast if shee hath 80. fatham sounding she is 20. leagues off the shoare and the ground is small blacke stones mingled with great red sand In the same course when you haue but 60. fatham water you are within 12. or 14. leagues off the shoare yet shall you not so soone ken land as you would thinke for you shall a great while haue 60. fath depth for it is at the North partes of the chanell about the Isles of sylly Betweene Vshant and the Isles of sylly the chanell is 70. fatham deepe On the Southside of the Isles of sylly the ground is small red stones and fine white sand Ouer against the Lizard and Falmouth 4. leagues from shoare it is 52. fatham deepe Betwixt Foy and Plimmouth sound in the midst of the chanell it is 60. fatham deep Betweene the Lyzard and the start beare no nearer the shoare then 35. fatham You maye cast anker in the trade or channell in 25. fatham and so shall you lie within the foreland streame Betweene Plimmouth and the Sept Isles in the middest of the chanell it is 55. fatham deepe But 4. leagues South Southwest of Plimmouth it is but 35. fatham South Southeastward of the midland of the start it is 45. fatham deepe but from thence 5. or 6. leagues Southeast you haue 54. fatham In the chanell betweene the Caskets and Portland it is 40. fatham deep a league Northward off the Isle of Alderney is a hole or pit 80. fatham deepe all the rest of the channell betweene Portland and the Isle of Alderney is of equall deapth viz. 40. fatham VVhen you are within kinning of Portland your sounding is 34. fatham and 3. leagues off the Isle of VVight 36. fatham as also two leagues Eastward of Beachy Betweene picardie and the Isle of VVight the channell in the middest is 38. fatham deepe Betweene VVinchelsey and picardy 24. fatham The shoald betweene the Heads called the Vrovven-sand hath but three fatham depth and a halfe but on the Southside of it there is 24. fatham And in all the faire way betwetne Zeland and Douer it is 24. fatham deepe A PERFECT DESCRIPTION of the depths of the North Sea from Englands foreland or the mouth of Flaunders IN the chanell and course from Englandes fore-land and sands of Flaunders you haue 24. fatham depth but three leagues Northwest and by west of the country of Zierickze there is a shoald commonly called Borbreck which hath 4. fatham depth VVithout this shoald the Chanell of Zealand is 26. fatham deepe Northwest of Harlem 8. or 9. miles within the sea there beginneth a shelf commonly called de breede Verthien reaching alongest the coast of Holland to the playne of Ameland where it endeth Ouer agaynst Harlem and Egmond is 13. 14. and 15. fatham depth and the ground is of all Oase mingled with blacke sand like vnto Mustard-seede The sayd shelfe or shoald hath 15. 16. or 17. fatham depth betweene Texel and Vlieland where the ground is grosse red sand 6. or 7. leagues from shoare for there the shoald is narrower then it is towardes the Southend The Chanell without the shoald betweene zealand and Texel is 26 fatham deepe euen as farre as the shoald which the fishers call Doggsant In the Channell on England side ouer agaynst Yermouth is 32. fatham depth but right against Flamborough and Scarborough point 38. fatham whereas the whyte shelf commonly called Doggsant beginneth reaching into the North seas to the chanell of Helichland This shoald where it is within kenning of Flamborough poynt hath but 9. or 10. fatham depth But when in the same sand you find 12. fatham depth then Texel is from you Southest almost 30. leagues but when you are come to 16. fatham depth then are you within 21. leagues South Southeast of Vlieland A ship that comes from the Riffe finding 18. fath depth on the foresaid sand is then 20. leagues South and by East of Vlieland but comming to 22. fatham must then sayle towardes the Vlie S. and by westward and South southwestward But if in the Chanell of Helichland 24. 26. fatham depth be found then must you sayle Southwest and S.w. and by S. and then are you come to the Scellinghe but when as in Helichland sound you haue 27. fatham then are you altogether to the Eastwards of it Betweene the Riffe the shoald called Doggersant the chanell is 26. fath deepe without the chanell westwards it is 32. fath deepe A ship that comes out of the English straightes or out of zealand hauing at the riffe 24. fatham depth is distant from the Noes in Norvvay 18. leagues almost North and by East but hauing 20. fatham is 16. leagues from it Northward and finding but 18. fatham is then 18. leagues off it North and by west The course from thence to the Holmes is 12. leagues North and by E. And from thence towards the poynt of Scakghens 18. leagues Northeast and by East There is a rocke of one onely fatham depth standing Northeast and Northeast and by East of the Holmes two leagues from the shoare The depth of the Northerne Ocean neere vnto Iutland and Ameland IN the sea without Iutland a myle distant from Dodenberg there is a banck called Reef-horn stretching out 8. leagues w. by S. which in some places hath but three fatham depth in some places may be sayled ouer and become a roade for a Northwest and a North winde in 20. fatham depth From Ameland towards the sea the ground is grosse sand red and blacke mingled with shelles From thence sayling Southward in 16. fatham three houres you shall come to the smooth Sea of Ameland where your ground is fine sand mingled with shelles North from Schellinghe in 24. fatham depth is found altogether fine white sand and afterwardes in 18. fatham white and blacke sand mingled Vlieland hath white sand mingled with shelles and thinne blacke sand in 16. fatham depth from the west end of Vlieland is great red sand mingled with black like vnto mustardseede about 6. or 7. leagues from the shoare At the East ende of schellingh to the seawards at 18. fatham water is found fine white sande mingled with blacke hauing in it thinges like needles Ouer against Borckom in the vvester Ems at 17. or 18. fatham depth land may be seene the ground is of grosse grauelly sand At 14. fatham depth may Ameland be kend but schellingh at 16. fatham and Vliland at 15. or 16. fatham water Any man may by night
Enchuisen by the entrie of the VLIE commonly called Noordergat must so direct his course that the Lande-marke of Schelling may exactly answere to the thrée Downes and the Blacke downe must be directly opposite to the middest of the high White downe Then appeareth the first Buy from which he shall sayle vnto the seconde South and by East or South and by West accordyng as the winde and tide will serue From thence vntill he come to the Buy which lieth vpon the Buske South and by West or South still carefully obseruing your tyde From thence let him sayle vnto the Buye in Moncksloot South or Southe and by West thence to Longsand South and by East then to Wolfshouk south east and by South but till he come to Cashoucke let him kéepe south south east The eye marke of Cashoucke is when the Towre of Franike appeareth neare the hauen of Harling From Cashouck vnto Schutsande the course is East south east the markes wherof are these viz. That Cornwerde on the East side is right opposite to Bolswerde and Winald is discerned aboue the Castle of Harling From Schutsand he must sayle to Swaenbalg South east where the Buye lieth with these markes viz. When Boldeswerde appeareth on the Eastside of the broade tower or the high buildynge on the Southside of Cornewerde But when Bolswerde is perceaued betwéen Destin and Cornewerd then may he plie that reache vp or downe at his pleasure From Swaenbalg he may passe to Middleground South south east the markes hereof are when the two picked stéeples of Harlynge on the Southside are right agaynst two other Towers on the Northside The way from Middlegrounde vnto Idelhooeck and the West of Worcum lieth Southward and then Coldum sheweth it selfe on the South end of Hinlopen which is the marke for the Buye of West Worcum From thence vnto the Buye that leadeth to Bocht South south east where Pandagra appeareth standynge at the Southside of Volwerd in a valley when you shall perceaue Pandagra neare the houses kéepe the right forme of the Tower in your sight vntill you come to the Buye that lieth vpon the flat of Freislande there is déepe water that reache stretcheth South Southwest From thence to Creile South and by West the markes wherof are when Mirnys toucheth the South partes of the Cliffe and the Corne milles appeare on the Westside of Medenblicke The way from Creyl to Crepelsand is South south east and South east and by East the markes of the Buye of Creplesand are Enchuisen standing by Venhuysen and Broocke nigh vnto Hem From hence you may sayle vnto the first Buye in Hillegat South south east and South and by East and then vp towardes the Beacon South and by East but from the innermost Buye vnto the Road of Enchuisen South and by West Moreouer sayling from Enchuisen to Texel he must as the winde and tide suffer beginne his course from the Buye that is Northward in the goyng forth commonly called Noordergat North north west or North and by West vntill Brooke may be kenned neare Hem where he shall finde the Buye of Creplesand From thence he shall go to the Wicker marke or Beacon of the sayd Creplesand Northwest and when Lytebrooke is séen neare Hem he shall finde out this marke From whence he may sayle vnto the South Buye vpon the Flats of Wiring North west and by West hauing regarde to the winde and tide This Buye is knowne when the Twisch by Almerdorpe and Brooke do shew betwéen two Heyrickes and the Westerne tower of Wiringe perceaued neare vnto the houses Then he may passe towardes the middle Buye Northwest and by North vntill he finde that the Winde mill of Wyringe standeth at the South-ende of the houses that are out of the towne From the middle Buye vnto the Northern wee sayle North northwest the markes are when the two piked Stéeples are one and on the East side of the Buye there is a déepe Poole fit for great Shippes from thence he may sayle to Vlieter North northwest and North and by west kéepyng Medenbliche and the Buye in one so longe as he can sée them and kéepe still his course North and by West vntill he come to Nesse where he shall finde a Buye on the Eastside and there ouer agaynst standeth a marke made of Wicker or Basket worke vpon the Nesse the tokens whereof are when the Mill vppon the shoare is opposite to the vally which is vpon the West side of the shoare and the tower standyng towardes the west ioyneth to the West parte of the houses From thence to Vogelsand West north west sometimes windyng about But when he commeth neare Vogelsand let him take héede that Horn tower in Texel may be séene neare the houses which stande vnder Geest and kéepe them so in sight vntill he come to the Marchants Roade there may he Anker before Geest in Texel where he shall thinke best But if he will fourth into the Ocean his course is to the New Deepe and shunne the Shoaldes of Geest two Gables length from the shoare side of Huisdune vntill he come to the shoalde called Dry Hake and kéepe the shoare markes which stande vppon Huisdune fiue foote one from the other Then must he holde on his course to the Sea by the entrie or channell of Marsdiep commonly called Spaignarsgat for Keysars plat hath two Fadam water at halfe floud so that the sayd shoare markes may be almost ioyned together And if comming from the Sea he would beare in with the entrie of Marsdiep called Spaignarsgat he must set Wammes or S. Iohns tower on the Northside of the high Downe of Texel and the Landmarkes vppon Huisdune the distance of 5. foote from eache other which beyng so set and kept he may enter the chanell But if he will enter the mouthe of Maersdeep called Dorley let him kéepe the Landmarke and the Spere stéeple of Texell a Sayle breadth a sunder and let him holde on his course vntill the Landmarkes of Huisdune appeare fiue foote eache from the other saylyng East and by south towardes Huisdune If he will go in at the entrie called Ebbegat let him kéepe likewise the foresayd markes of Dorley fiue foote a sunder But if you will sayle in at Lantdiep called Swidergat set the Churche of Geest euen with the shoare of Huisdune and so enter Afterwardes let him kéepe along the shoare of Huisdune about the length of two Cables of vntill he haue passed the New Deepe then let him conde the ship Northeast vntil he come to the Roade where great shippes and Huyes lie neare to Geest in Texell where he may cast Anker in 10. or 12. fatham It would be too tedious to set downe all the Trades and Traffique of all the cities and Townes vpon this South sea notwithstandyng I will touche it in few wordes There is Amsterdam that most renowmed Marte towne which in all Europe hath not her péere for varietie and plentie of all Trades especially of
Red poynt lieth a great white rocke when you haue brought this rocke right ouer the Black poynt you are harde abourde the Blinde rocke that lieth thwart the Channell of Dartmouth yet neerer to the East-ward But when you come to discerne the Kay of the towne that standeth on the East-side of the Hauen keepe amidst the channell vntill you may perfectly see the same then hale inwardes vntill you are within the two Castles standyng on the hauens side and you shall go cleere of the Rocke The hauen is wide within you may turne westward and let fal anker before the towne or the Brew-houses where you list Three leagues East-ward from thence is the road of Torbay which is very salfe for a South-west winde you may likewise anker on the East-side of the start where is good anker holde in 8. or 9. fathā Foure leagues to the Northward of Torbay lyeth the bay of Tynmouth a salfe harborough for a South winde where is also good ground for ankering in 7. or 8. fatham If you come out of the west into Portland road holde on two cables length off alongst Porteland shoare and hauing past the poynt turne westwardes till you come to the castell where is good road against a South and South and by East winde at 7. or 8. fatham Northwarde of Portland lieth a litle bard hauen called VVeymouth where you may anker at 4. or 5. fatham If you will ride vnder S. Aldomes Land shun the Needles of Shipmans poole and so saile into the town which at a low water you haue ankeryng at 3. fatham These Portes yeeld almost nothing els but wooll and clothe the inhabitantes doe liue chiefly vpon grazyng A DESCRIPTION OF THE Sea coastes of England Betweene Plymmouth Portland with the cheefest hauens thereof according vnto theire Situation A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETVVEENE THE Isle of Wight and Douer TO goe in at the west end of Wight you must looke well to the tide for the flood sets very sore vpon the Needles and the ebbe likewise westwarde vpon the Shingels and Chalkie Rockes which lie westwardes of the Needles and it is very narrow between the Needles and the Shingels wherfore saile directly with the Needles very neere them and keepe the inner poynt of the Isle right without the Needles And when you are so come within the Needles beare somewhat off the Island between the Chesell the Isles poynte because of the Rockes called the VVardens which lie on VVight-side neare the shore then turninge Eastward ouer against Calshorte you must cast anker in 7. or 8. fatham But if you will enter at the East ende of VVight keepe the Castle right against the Lime-kil that lies aboue Portesmouth vntil that Culuer cliffe come within the point of the I le for then shall you haue brought the Lyme-kill to the east end of Portesmouth which you must so holde vntill the Castle which standeth to the westward of Portesmouth doo appeare on the East side of the wood and then plie sometimes towards Sainct Helens Abbey keepyng your markes in this sorte you shall take no hurt on the Shoaldes or Sandes But if you cannot see the Limekill then shall you keepe the Castle on the west-side of Culuer cliffe vntill you haue brought S. Helens church with out the poynt of the Island a shippes length Then may you freely sayle Northwest vp without any daunger of the Riffe or tayle-sand that lieth out Then keepe the square Towre between the East ende of Portesmouth and the Castle vntill you may see the Castle which standeth on the west-side of Portesmouth Eastward of the wood and so may you goe inwardes The marks of these Shoalds and Flats are these viz. The Castle standinge Eastwards of Portesmouth and the square towre wherof I haue now treated VVhen you haue brought the Lymekill so much to the Eastward of the Castle that you may but see betwixt thē then are you vpon a litle shoald which at low water hath 5. fatham and a halfe and then haue you the Castle that standeth on the west ende of Portesmouth at the west corner of the wood But when the square towre that standeth by East of Portesmouth is brought westward of the Castle then the Castle by west of Portesmouth standeth at the woods west ende You haue there at high water 6. fatham And when the square towre is seen betwen the East end of Portsmouth and the Castle and the Castle standeth right betwixt the Limekill and the towre likewise when the Castle on the west end of Portesmouth standeth to the Eastwarde of the wood then haue you 11. fatham at high water But when the Limekill and Portesmouth towre are one the castle beareth westward of the wood then haue you 10. fatham at high water and lastly when S. Helen lieth south west and by west from you then the South east ende of the shoald beareth North east and by north from you Three leagues Eastward of VVeenbridge lieth Arundel which is a bard hauen at half flood .2 fatham deepe you must go in by the west coast and let fall your anker before the towne in .5 fatham Foure leagues from Arundell standeth Nevv Shoram The East side therof hath a grauelly Chesell where alongest you may sayle in and in the entrie you haue .3 fathā water at half flood in the midst before the hauen lie rockes vnder water The entrie on the west side is wide and broad and is at halfe flood 2. fatham deepe the hauen is large and broade within where you may anker in 4. or 5. fatham If you will sayle into the Cammer of Rye shape your course alongst the Shingels and when you shal be a Cables length of the poynt of the Shingels turne vp towards the Castle of VVinchelzey leauing all the shore or shoald markes on your starbord then let fall your Anker in the Riuer of Rie called the Rother at 4. or 5. fatham for the Cammer where in times past we were wonte to lie is now fowle full of shoaldes These countries yeeld litle else but wooll Clothe and Fier-wood which are transported from thence THE SEA COASTES OF ENGLAND betweene the I le of Wight Douer with the principal hauens thereof according to their situation and Appearing * HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE THE SECOND PART OF THE MARINERS MIRROVR conteining in diuers perfect plots sea charts boeth the Northern and Eastern NAVIGATION VIZ. From the Streights between Douer and Callis the coastes of England Scotland Norway Emdenyutland A with all the sounds of Denmark the Baltick sea unto Wiburgh and the Name With their particular descriptions trafiks and commodities A PERFECT DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE CHIEFEST PART OF England viz. of Thames the riuer of London and of all the sandes bankes flattes and shoaldes vnto Harwich IF you come from the West and will passe within the Goodwin to the foreland first shape your course North north-east
and North and by east and then the windmill standing westward of the foreland appeareth on the west side of the valley hold then on North and by East vntil you haue brought the tower of the Foreland on the East-side of the sayd valley and then are you on the North side of the Querns The markes hereof are when you see a litle tower standing on the forelandes point and an other on the Southforeland ouer against the third white downe at the castels side But if you come from the North and will sayle within the Goodvvin take heede you come no nearer the Quernes then 7. fathā Then setting the south Foreland from you South south west you haue the best depth when the broad Tower is brought into Ramsgate you are then at the Quernes But when the windmill appeareth in Ramsgate or in the valley you are then on the South of the Quernes But when you be at the downes and the innermost corner of the cliffe be South Southwest from you then the Quernes beare North and by East and the north-North-end of the Goodvvin North-east and by North and Northeast from you If you will sayle frō Margate into the Thames shape your course by north the foreland west South west then holde on alongest the coast west and west and by north to the Reculuers where a ship that drawes much water must staie for the tide to passe ouer the shoaldes called the Lastes betweene a buy and a beacon where is 3. fatham depth From the buy set west north west and west and by north towardes the Beacon standing northward where you haue also 3. fatham water and assoone as you are past that Beacon it is but 2. fatham deepe at halfe floud frō thence plie west northwest into the channell holde then for the most parte towardes the north shoare because of the Norre which reacheth down frō the South shoare and goe so foorth amiddest the riuer vp vnto Grauesend But if you will backe againe alongest the North coast out into the Sea shunne Blactaeil poynt before the middle shoald afterwards plie Northeast and northeast and by north vntill you haue brought a certaine Sharpe steeple in the middest betweene two others The great spire steeple is called S. Matthevves Abbey By these markes you may passe thorough the Spittes within halfe a cables length off the shoare then hold on alongest the shoare Northeast vnto the Nase where two trees stand vpon a high hill when they are both in one cond North Northwest by the markes of Harvvich vntill you come before the hauen And from thence holde on northeast by North to Orfordnesse and so North Eastward into the sea But when you shall be come to the Spittes and the Beacon standing vpon the shoaldes of Shovv beare west Southwest You are then in the Kings channel which lieth to the seaward North northeast where at low water you haue 4. fatham If you will beare in with Harvvich set the broad tower standing westward of Harvvich in the wood Southward of Harvvich and enter northwest and by north and north northwest vntill you are cleare of the fishers stakes Then turne in westward or northward as you please and anker in 6. or 7. fatham About halfe a league from the northend of the red cliffe lieth the shoald of Bavvdsey If you will enter neare Orfordnesse hale along the shoare vntill Alborough lie north and by west from you and then shall you be on the west side of VVhite Sand and right against Orfordnesse hauen From thence setting South and by west passe by the shoald of Bavvdsey on the out-side then hold on Southwest-ward till you may see Harvvich open of the poynt of the hauen Then commeth Bavvdsey to lie westward of the red cliffe where is safe roade in 5. fatham west northwest of Alborough lieth a shoalde called Abreknocke from thence you haue vnto Galper 8. leagues South Southeast And from Galper to the North foreland 4. leagues Southwest and by South where the tide from the north and South doe crosse each other alongst the coasts of England where also a north and a South moone maketh full sea In these coastes is very great traffique but chiefely of English clothes wooll tinne pewter leade safron sea-coles fire-wood and other commodities which these countries doe yeeld Contrariwise all kinde of salt-fish and great store of linnencloth and other merchaundises is brought thither from Holland and Zealand and there vttered and distributed THE SEA Coastes betweene Douer Orfordnes Wherein is conteined the most famous Riuer of Thames with all the Sands bankes flats sholdes there abou ts according to their 〈◊〉 Salvation and appearing THE NORTH COASTES OF ENGLAND BETVVEENE VVALDERSwicke and Burnham withall the banks and shoalds WHen Eston beareth Southwest and by South from you then are you on the Northside of Couehith shoald But when Kesland lieth west North-west you are on the South-side of that shoald VVhen Lestofs tower standeth Southward of the tree you are then on the Southside of the banckes of Leistofe If you will anker on the South of Leistof borrow of the shoare at 4. fatham till the tower be west and west and by North from you where you may cast anker in 4. fatham water But if you will goe thorough the narrow places within the bankes to the brew-house giue it a little birth of the shoare then edge Northward and North and by westward and anker in the North road before the brew-house at 6. or 7. fatham And if you will out to sea thorough the shoaldes bring the brew-house and the windmill in one and crosse so thorough the shoaldes But if you will holde on your course towardes Yermouth keepe Suthon ouer against the North head or pierre and the great tree southward of the flat church and hold on so straight by yermouth shoaldes called the Holmes Northwarde of the Hauen of Yermouth lieth a shoald called Middle-platt at the west side thereof you haue 7. fatham water Not far from yermouth lieth an other shoald called Rocklyn 9. fatham deepe which you may passe by on both sides to the seawardes There also standeth a broad tower on the Northside of yermouth lying inwardes from the shoare when you haue brought the same to the Southend of the wood you are then on the North part of yermouthes shoaldes If VVynterthon beare South southwest from you as you come from the North you are Southward of the shoald of VVinterthon Thence borrow of the shoare at 3. or 4. fatham till you come Southward of Rocklyn To the Eastward and East and by Northward of yermouth beyond the shoaldes lieth a newe bancke which hath beene there but these 3. or 4. yeares past being of 2. fatham deepth but aswell on the North as the Southside you haue there 20. fatham water Blackneie is a bard hauen you must enter along the shoare and in the entrie lie Buyes Betweene Blackneie and VVelles lieth a shoalde called the Pol and Peper
At the west side of this shoald is the channell of VVelles which hath also Buyes in the entry Burnam standeth 4. leagues westward of vvelles where is shallaw water and the flats stretch farre into the sea Burnam channell lieth inwardes by the shoare and hath on the Larbord side as you enter certeine Beacons To the westward lieth an other roade or channell of 3. fatham depth called burneham pits about 3. leagues thence to seawardes you haue but 2. fatham water If you will set towardes Linne goe hard vnder S. Edmunds Chapell leauing the shoalde called the Suncke which lyeth aboue water a seabord of you then holde on your course South and by west to the first Buy that lieth in the entrie of Linne The commodities and traffique that these coastes yeeld is wooll Cloth and in some places wheate Barley Malte Beere Herringes and Sprattes In exchaunge whereof much Salt Fish and Linnen Clothe is brought thither and vented especially at Linne The Sea Coastes of Swedeland about the coastes of Westerwijck and the entraūce of Stockholm Beginning from Kalmar vnto the Wigstone and the Redde Kewe the which lye wtin the sayde entraunce of Stockholme All truelie done inuented by Lucas Janss Wagenaer AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE COASTES AND CHANNELS OF Linne Hull Filey Scarborough with the shoalds and banckes adioyning IF you will saile from Welles to the hauen of Lynne keepe the high flat tower betweene the two other high towers then are you in the right way to Lynne VVhen S. Edmunds Chapell beareth East from you and the trees that stand vppon the innermost point doe come on the west ende of the Chapell then shape your course in Southeast and Southeast and by South towardes the first buy for now are you entered the Easterne channell of Lynne from thence hold South south-south-west and South and by west to the first Beacon from thence to the second South Southwest and so forth vnto the third Southwest and by South Then your course lieth by two buyes Southwest and Southwest and by South till you be within the point of the Land from whence you may conde betweene the shoaldes to the west entrie or channell and out againe by the Buyes and eye markes This channell lyeth to the seawardes Northeast and Northeast and by East But if you will enter Bostons channell set towardes the coast of Skegnesse beare in hard abord the shore and you shal be cleare of the shoald called the Drosing or Ellen-knocke when you haue brought the three trees Southward of Somcall or of the sharpe steeple then Ellen-knocke standeth so seawardes from you And then may you beare vp alongest the coast of Leake in 3. fatham water into the riuer of Bostone But you may returne backe agayne to sea betweene Ellen-knock and long sand in 3. fatham water East North-East And if you will enter the channell of Humber hale in alongest the Northerne poynt of Sprunhead because the Southside is flat and full of shoaldes but beeing entred a little way borrow of the other side of the riuer towardes Grymsbie within the shoald where you may ride in 6. or 7. fatham But if you will goe farther in vp to Hull keepe on west northwest alongst by the Southside to the furthermost ende of the shoalde then turne Northward into the riuer where after you are entered you must hold west Southwest and west and by South Bridlingstone is scituate in a bay where is safe harborough for a North and a Northwest winde Three leagues to the Northward of Flamburgh lieth the bay of Filey where you may safely anker for a North Northeast winde betweene the Peere and Filey bridge which is a rocke that lyeth vnder water at a spring tide Scarbrough beareth two leagues northward of Filay and hath two peeres wherein you may cast anker and lie on the sand at low water The traffique of these partes is Barly Malte wheate and course Cloathes A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES of England Betweene Burnam Scarborough as that land and coast lyeth appeareth A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERMOST COASTES OF ENGLAND WHERE THE RIuer of Newcastle is the chiefest hauen FRom Scarborough to Whitby you haue 4. leagues North west and by west the Hauen or Riuer is barde Southwardes of the Hauen stretcheth out a Shoalde half a league into the Sea If you will sayle to VVhitby beare in between two beakons till you come between two landes where you shall finde it somewhat shallow Hertlepole lieth from VVhitby 7. leagues westwarde thereof is a great Bay or Riuer called the Teis It is a very fayre Hauen and stretcheth inwardes to the west southwest In the very middest of it you haue 30. fatham water but farther inwardes before Sockton not aboue 4. fatham The Cape or point of Sonderland lieth seuen leagues northward from Hartlepole Two leagues from thence more Northward is the castle of Tinmouth on the Southside of it is the mouth of the Riuer of Nevvcastell The markes to enter are when two watche Towers and the wood are brought in one by these marks you may saile in and out vntill you come before the Towne where you haue 3. fatham and a halfe But in the entrie only 2. fatham at halfe flood Cocket Islande is 7. leagues from Tinmouth North North west which you may sayle rounde aboute and may cast Anker salfely at 4. or 5. fatham In these Coastes and specially at Nevvcastle is merueilous great traffique for sea Coles which are transported thence to other Countries It doth yeald also Barley wheate Malte and course Clothes THE CARDE OF the North coaste of England from Whitbye vnto Coket I le A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Bambourgh and Aberdyne HOlley Islande beareth 4. leagues North North west from Coket Isle and hath in the South-side therof a Bay wherin is salfe roade at 3. or 4. fatham but best riding is before the castle Betweene the west poynt of the Staples and Holy Islande are 2. Rockes one opposite to another called the Plough and the Goldstone Bring Dunstabourgh one with Bambourgh and so saile out betwixt them Barvvick lieth from thence fiue leagues west northwest if you will enter the hauen set the two Beacons on your starboord and so holde on to the citie from thence fiue leagues North northwest lieth S. Tabbes head The Isle of Basse is foure leagues distant from S. Tabbes head west northwest whither from the farthermost poynt of the Staples you haue 6. leagues Northwest From S. Tabbes head to May Island foure leagues northwest and north west and by north From May to Fisnes one league Northeast and by east Basse beareth South west south west and by south from May two great leagues and but one from the westerne shore Brant Island standeth to the westward and west by northward of Bass three leagues by the south side of which you may sayle Three leagues westward of Brant Isle lieth Edenbrough the chiefest mart of all
from Farder And from thence shape your course to Anslo Copervvicke and Soen vvater and so forwardes thorough the rockes called Lammeren to Braekenes which is a shallow riuer towardes the sides where most part of the firre borde and timber is sawed Rogh point lieth foure leagues North northeast from Farder the rockes called the Sisters are 3. leagues Northeast and by North from Farder The Isle of Akersounde is distant from thence 5. leagues to the Northeast In these partes lie the hauens of the Northeast countrie where now a dayes is the chiefest taking of herringes which was woont to be in Malstrande From all these hauens come deale bordes great and little mastes rayles rafters timber to make hoopes fire woode and such like stuffe fit for building The Sea Coastes of Norway And of the land of North-East as they shewe and appeare betweene Mardou and Akersond according unto their right situation AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHEAST COVNTRIES where Malstrande is the cheefest Porte IF you will saile from the cape called Schagen or Scaw to Masterlande shape your course East north east till you may discouer an high round rocke or hill called Bretto towards which you must beare East North east till the rockes called the Pater nosters be in sight which you shall leaue on your larbord And when you shal be nigh the shoare the entrie of Masterland will be open before you on your South side liyng Eastward and East south eastwardes And leaue the Island wherin standeth a beakon or warlocke on your starbord But when you come to the poynt then the citie lieth open before you make fast a Cable to the Kay and cast Anker to the Seawards You may sayle out agayne Southward into the mayne two or three wayes If you will beare in with Calfsounde enter harde aborde the great Rocke wheron standeth a high warlocke you may by holding on the same course sayle into Coyhell and Bahuys you may also set forwardes to the Riuer of Nilues called VVinder between the Rockes wher on the East side you haue the mayne and the channell lieth open before you Right before the Riuer lieth a ragged Island which you must leaue on the Larborde You may anker vnder the same in 15. or 16. fatham the hauen is called Reefsounde Two leagues Eastward of Reefsounde lieth the Island Malesounde which you may sayle rounde about Consbaeke lieth from thence two leagues to the East north eastward Monstersounde standeth also on the East-side of the hauen and from thence VVaersberghe lieth 3. leagues to the Southward If you will sayle to vvaersberghe bringe the Castle which standeth in the mayne lande South of you and holde on thorough the middest of the channell between the Island and the Easterne shoare but edge nearer the island because of the rocke vnderwater that stretcheth out from the eastern poynt There is also a blinde Rocke at the poynte of the Island when you are cleare thereof you may borrow of the Northern shore and there come to anker for it is broade and 4. or 5. fatham deepe Parte of these Coastes doo belonge to the gouernement of the Kynge of Svvedeland and parte to the Kynge of Denmarke Their traffique is all sortes of Tallow and such grosse wares Skines Hides Barly and great stoare of Filberd-nuttes A MOST PERFECT description of the Sea coastes of the North East land parte of Norway part of Swedeland as it lieth betwene Distelbergh and Waersbergh A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPALL PART OF DENmarke where standeth the famous citie of Capen-hauen the cheefest place of the kings residence NOrth-east and by North of Coll lieth an Island called Swedero which is like an hauen on the inside but it is open on the North-side If you cannot goe cleare of Coll beare boldly with the sayd Island hold on streight within the great rock neere the church where you may anker in 10. fatham and ride safely From Anholte set South southeast towardes Zealande And if by reason that the winde hangeth Easterly you cannot get into the Sound hale alongst the coast of Zealand on the backside of Haselin where is good ground in euery place for ankering There is also a great bay which is a good harborough ouer-right alongst the coasts of Zealand for a Northeast winde where is 5. or 6. fatham water To saile into the Sound hold Southeasterly in from Coll but bring not the Isle of VVeen open of Elsenoers castell till you are cleare of Svvynebode Then may you passe by Lappesande thorough the middest of the channell and being past the castell anker where you list Towardes VVeen are certaine places where is good riding in 7. fatham water but it lieth farre from the shoare If you saile from the Sound to Coppen hauen being come to the ende of the wood you may sound the whole channell as you go vpon 5. or 6. fatham and not faile to find the Buy but keep still in 5. fatham when the tower of Coppen hauen is south-Southwest from you then are you come neare the first Buy where you haue 7. fatham on the East side holde on from the Northerne Buy to the other South by East borrow of the westerne coast if the wind hang westerly in 6. or 7. fatham where you haue also 9. or 10. fatham water Set Southward frō the second to the third Buy for there haue you 10. or 11. fatham then are you right against Southolme where it is shallower and narower from thence continue your course south to the Buy of Casperkine where is 7. fatham water The Fissher lieth from the Buy in Casperkine East and by North the west side thereof is very shallow Your course from Casperkine to the shoald or sand called Drakerriff is South where a Buy lieth in 5. fatham water but from Drakerriff to Steden South and by westward and then haue you sometimes deeper sounding But when you are betwixt Steden and Falsterborne and the flat broad tower of Falsterborne be one with the castell then are you at the poynt of the Riffe or bancke where lieth a Buy in 4. fatham depth and there beginneth the Easterne sea called the Belt and may shape your course thence Easterly towardes Brontholme If you will backe againe from Steden towardes Draker when you come neare Drakerriff if the tower of Coppen hauen appeare on the East side of Draker wood bring Draker North and by west off you so shal you go cleare of the Riff And when the tower of Coppen hauen is to sight a ships length Eastward from the wood you are thwart of Drakerriff Buy where you haue 5. fatham water Your course from Drakerriff to the Buy in Casperkine is almost plaine North where it is about 6. or 7. fatham deepe and there the channell is narrower But from Casperkine to the other three Buyes set North and north and by west where you haue 10. 9. 8. or 7. fathā water when Coppen hauen is Southwest then are you come
outtermost or the furtheste parte of the Easterne Sea East 〈…〉 which lyeth Jnclosed with in the coastes of East Finland Rusland â—â—…sland and wherin lye the Narâ—… and Wyboâ—gh the twoo furthermost 〈…〉 â—archante towne of 〈…〉 with all the 〈◊〉 of the situation 〈…〉 A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF LIFLAND ABOVT REVEL AND Moonsound and of the coasts adioyning FRom the Isle of Nargen to the buy you haue a great league East and by South and from the buy to Reuell two great leagues not farre from the Isle of VVolfsound is a blind rocke when the tower of Reuell appeareth ouer the point of the Island you are come neare the Rocke which lieth halfe a league Northwest from VVolfsound On the East side of vvolfsound are two Islandes called VVrangen you may anker within them in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham A league and a half to the North northwest of them lieth a blinde rocke and an other halfe a league off plain North. The shoare of Lyfland is all cleare ground If you will sayle from Oegens-holme into Moonsund keepe South southwest and Southwest by west vntill you are within Osse-holme Grasholme lieth a league beyond Osseholme which you may sayle round about or ride there at your pleasure Grasgrond lieth a league within Grasholme in the midst of the channel but borow of the land of Syburgnesse or Dagerorts along by the little Islands a reasonable distance off keepe within al the Islandes S and by E. and S. vntill you come to the westerne coast of Oesell nigh the great tree where you haue 4. fatham water sometimes but three Holde on alongst the coast of Oesell foure or fiue leagues Southeast and by East till you come to a little Island then keepe on betweene that Island and Oesell vntill you come to the farthest partes of Oessell where is 8. fatham water Halfe a league from thence lieth a shoalde called the Pater noster which you must sayle aloufe off Then may you plie agayne Southward to Runen which is an Island situate ten leagues hence in the great bay of Righe Reuell being the moste famous Marte of the whole countrie so flourished thirtie yeares past that euery yeare there arriued and were vnladen aboue an hundreth great ships with salt which were also woont to be fraighted there againe with VVheate Rie VVaxe Flaxe Hempe all kinde of Skinnes and Furres and such like commodities of good value But it is now so decayed by reason of the continuall warres with the Muscouytes that through the whole yeare there are scarce sixe ships laden which hath bene to the generall impouerishing of this citie and countrie A DILLJGENT description of THE SEA COASTES of Lyffland with all the Jles there vnto appartaniÌ„g eeueÌ„ as they do appeare and open when you sayle there alongst from Ekehol men vnto Syburghs ness A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF RIGHE AND PARNOVT AND OF the Islandes adioyninge YOu must sayle from Domesnest to Runen 6. leagues East and East and by North and from Runen to the northeren coast of Oesell where Moonsound beginneth you haue 10. leagues North and North and by East from Runen again vnto Kyne 8. leagues East north east From Kyne to Pernout it is 7. leagues North east and by East where in the entrie you haue but 6. or .8 foote depth the channell sometimes shifteth from place to place and serueth only for small vessels called Boyers There standeth a litle towne between Pernout and Righe called Salles where lieth a shoald in 8. foote depth before the entrie and serueth likewise but for small vessels Duinemonde of Righe beareth from Runen 12. leagues South east The eye markes to enter the riuer of Duina are when the watch-house that standeth a litle way from the castle of Duinemond is one with the great tree and the southside of the citie of Righe with the poynt of Terspille These are the right markes to sayle into the Riuer a good wayes turne then vp sometimes Southward till you come between both landes Then borrow of the South coast to the poynt of Terspille where you may anker in any place in 6. or 7. fatham you must go by your Lead because the channell altereth almost euery yeare 4. leagues to the Southward of Domesnest is a litle riuer where many small vessels doo lade In these two places thirtie or fortie yeres past was great traffique of al kinde of costly marchandizes which through the continuall warres with the Muscouytes is almost vtterly decayed Notwithstandyng there is yet some traffique at Righe for euery yeare thirtie or fortie shippes laden with Salt are there discharged and aboue an hundred ships are likewise fraighted with wheate Rie Clawbordes and waynscot wax Flax Hempe Pitch Tarre Salt and drie Hides Sheepe-skinnes Furres and other like commodities of good valew THE SEA card of the Sea coastes of Lyffland comprehending the land lying rounde about the great JuhaÌ„ of the Ryghish eueÌ„ as they do appeare open when you sayl thee alongst A MOST PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE ISLE OF OESEL WHICH lieth betweene the Belt and the bay of Righ and stretcheth vp from the narrow entrie or straight towardes Righe and Parnout YOur course from Domesnest to Runen is 6. leagues East and by North and so farre lieth Abbrick from Runen whereaboutes are many dangerous shoaldes in your faire way 3. or 4. fatham deepe But being past Domesnest you may see it when you are a great league from Oesell Aberburgh beareth westward of it where shippes are fraighted with Barley Mault Tarre all kinde of grosse wares and diuers Skinnes and Furres From Domesnest lieth a very dangerous riffe or a rough and stone bancke a league out into the sea Northeast and Northeast and by East The roade of Oesell lieth from Domesnest three leagues Northwest and Northwest by west where in 7. fatham is good ground to anker There stretcheth downe also from the South end of Oesell a riffe or bancke two leagues in length into the sea Southward and South and by westward which is both hard and roomie westward from this riffe lye many scattering shoaldes and banckes which stretch out Northward alongst the coast of Oesell where in many places you haue onely 2. 3. 4. 5. fatham c. There are besides in Oesell two other hauens where shippes are laden viz. VVyck and another 5. leagues from thence Northward Hontsfort beareth from VVyck eight leagues North and from thence haue you six leagues to Dagerort North Northwest wherein standeth an high Tower which you may see on both sides of the land Betweene both these heades you may sayle to Hontsvvick which is a perillous bay for there are many shipwrackes by reason the pilots are not skilfull thereaboutes Now that I may againe set downe the entrance of Moonsound Saile from Runen North and North and by East to the North poynt of Oesell and they lye ten leagues one from an other but beare aloufe from the shoald called the Pater noster which ioyneth to
buy is right against Bilenburghe in the midst of the Channell and there haue you also an other buy Now kéepe on south south-east from Rugerorie to the buy vppon Stadersand leauing the buy on the starboord and the Fishers stakes on the larboord side from thence to the buy in the Channell called Willern◠Vliet or Luy south-east and south-east and by south and so to the buy of Terloo east southeast and from thence hold east-ward to the buy in Hanneball but from Hanneball you must plie towardes the buy vppon the shoald called Blanckenewsand east and east and by north kéepe this buy aunswering to the great trée vpon Blancknewsand haling northward alongst the shoare to the fyshing place and from thence edge south-east to the buy that lieth vpon Bucht so to Ecchour east by north and where you haue 3. or 4. fa water as your course lieth The Elue hath xiiii or xv fa. without the Channell and a little from Scorton buy lieth Honts balch stretching inwards for the most part south south-east and south and by east to the Beacons which stand on the west side but without it is wide large and serueth for smal Vessels to passe by the shoald called Wadt into the Weser Betwéene the Weser Honts balch are two other Roades called Balgen If you be distrest about the southerne shoalds called Sudergronden saile to them in fiue or sixe fa. water after hale alongst by them but when you shall haue found a greater depth viz. viii or ix fa. and that you gage water you are come to the other shoalde They lie both inwards east south-east and all the shoares may be sounded vntill you haue a safe Roade within the shoaldes The southerne or westerne shoald called Breebalge lieth a kenning from the Newe worke If you will saile into the Weeser shape your course towardes the Islande called Wrangeroaghe in vii fatham water then edge north-east till you haue x. or xi fatham depth where lieth the vttermost buy north north-west of Menser Church and at the outermost part or end of Red sand From thence hold on to the fift buy eastward which lieth at the head of the Red sand and north and by east of Menser Church on the north side therof beginneth the middle shoald called the Midleplate betwéene which and the white grounds you may passe with your plummet in foure fatham water to goe to the Elue for the shoaldes called white ground are but thrée or foure fatham déepe The flood sets into this Channell or course by the Red sand southeast and the eb contrariwise from the buy at the head of the shoald to the buy that lieth in the maine Channell or way south-east and south-east and by south And in the same way lieth also an other buy and the course from the true deepth to the buy called Nolletton is south east somewhat more easterly and this buy lieth at the ende of the high way called the Hoogs wegh And from thence to the buy in Bolsserfile south-east a little more southerly from thence to the wicker marke called the Bolbaecken south south-east which being past you shal finde an other Beakon where you haue good harborough for a west winde From the marke called Bolbaecken to the buy in the open Channell set south-east more easterly or from the other sayd marke east south-east and south-east and by east That buy lieth north north-east of Longworde Church And the Boelbaecken beareth northward of the same Church your course from the first buy of this shoald to the next lieth east south-east south-east and by east and it is at the end or foote of Cappelmans sand you may passe on the west side of it in two fa. a half at halfe flood Betwéene these buyes are two or thre Beakons which you must leaue on the larboord you may saile from the innermost buy of the shoald by Cappelmans sand toward Waddens south-east and south south-east then alongst the west shoare to Blixen where is the Roade for ships that goe out But if you goe to the Wester Weser called Iaa hold on towards the Island Wrangeroghe in foure or fiue fatham water and saile in eastward till you are past the said Island where you haue the first buy at the point of Steenbalge shoald which you may saile in by at thrée or foure fatham water where also Mensser Church standeth south from you from thence set east south-east to the second and third buyes east and by south from thence lieth a buy called Iaa tunne from hence you may almost perceiue an other buy in Weeser Channell north and north and by east From the buy vppon the shoalde called Mensser-olde-ort to Scollich-ort or Huick-syll kéepe south and south and by west but from Huick-syll alongst the west shoare south and south and by east and from Huick-syll to Sypkes sand east south-east and south-east and by south you may saile by the shoald of Sypkessand but holde alongst the east shoare till you come to the passage then turne westward and let fall anker it is there large and wide and full of little Islands inwards The worst depth of the Iaa is of thrée fatham But if you will into Harle déepe set towards the Island Spickerooges in thrée or foure fatham where you shall enter eastward and there you haue the outmost buy from whence you may goe to the next east and east and by south where at halfe floode is two fatham depth and a little after you are past this other buy there lieth a shoalde which you may passe by on both sides and your course then lieth south south-west and otherwhile more southerly to Fouksyle There lieth out from the west point of the Islande Spikerooghe a Riffe saile in on the southside of that Riffe at the entry called Ossebalche alongst the Island called Langerooche in thrée or foure fatham but in the very enttry within the ryffe you haue onely two fatham water but when you are come to the farthest part of the Isle Langerooche beare towards the riffe for betwéene that and the shoald is 7. or 8. fatham water when you are cleere off the should hold on south-east then towards the Wester Wadt more east and south south-east The enter course and traffique of these Coastes and Hauens is of many sundry kindes of merchandises as Sope Ashes wheate Rie and Barlie They yéelde also salt and dry Mydes sawed Boards Timber Pitch Tarre Hamborough Beare Tallow c. And many other commodities But the chéefest and principall Marte of these Contries is Hamboroughe A DESCRIPTION OF THE Sea coastes of Eyder Ditmerstet a part of Jeuerland with the Riuers of Wese Elue Eyder Heuer and other entrees sandes and shoaldes lienge alongest thes sea coaste of Germany A MOST EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTS OF FRISELAND WITH the riuers of Weser and Emes and of Scholbalch IF you will sayle into the Weser shape your course towardes the Isle of VVrangerough in 9. fatham but
take heede of the wester VVeser which goeth in neere the Island of VVrangerough From hence holde on Northeast vntill you come to the first Buy and then will Menset beare South Southeast from you Menser church that standeth in Vrovv land is square and hath no steeple your right course from the first Buy to the fift lieth for the moste part East and East and by North. And when you are come to the fift Buy Menser will stand to your sight South Southwest Then goe South southeast to the Buy that lieth vpon the Maller and from thence to the Buy in the channell Southeast and so forward to the Buy that lyeth in Bolsersyle Southeast and by south and being past it conde towardes the South coast where you haue two beacons and safe harborough for a west wind And you may turne ouer into the riuer of Iad by the poynt of the red sand for there lyeth a Buy betweene the faire way and the red sand If you will sayle into East Eames it stretcheth in alongest by Borckomfriff East Southeast wherefore if you come from the East bring the Tower of Borckom South and by East from you and goe in towardes Borckoms shoare in 4. or 5. fatham then hale so alongest the shore till the tower be South southwest from you Then turne vp towards Iayst for you are cleere of the Riff so that you cannot strike vpon the same And when you are past the East end of borckom called Hooghen horne you finde high sandes on both sides and on the west side stand beacons where you may sayle in from beacon to beacon for so long as Norden Tower and the Island come not together you incurre no danger in the East Eams but when that Tower is one with the Isle of bant you meete with a bancke or shoald called Kings-platt wherefore keepe alongst the west shoare from beacon to beacon to Pelsommer shoald and you shall go safe But if you will beare in with the wester Emes bring the Island called the Bosch south and by East and the west ende of Rottom Southeast from you the shoare marks in one sayle in so to the first Buy where it is 6. fatham deepe from thence to the second Buy East and East and by North which lieth at low water in 4. fatham and so forward to the third Buy Eastward where you haue at low water 5. fatham and from thence holde on to the other two Buyes East and by South where it is 6. fatham deepe and sometime more as 7. or 8. fatham vntill you come vnto Hubets shoald and keepe then most alongst by the Riff to Borckom East southeast from borckom vnto the Ranzeel South East and by East and from Ranzeel to the Buy that lieth vpoÌ„ the shoald called Ruyd East Southeast On the west side of it stand 3. beacons from that Buy towardes Eamshorne set East Southeast where are two beacons betwixt but when you are past Emes-horne hold on sometimes Southeast South southeast South and at last South south west towards Groninger land thorow the straights where also vpon the west shoare you haue three beacons from thence hale alongst neere the coasts of Groninger southeast and East southeast that you may goe cleere of the shoald called Paep which lieth opposit to Delfsyll and appeareth aboue water at a low ebbe And when you haue gotten Fermsum crosse ouer towardes Knock least you strike on the shoald called Riddersant And then must you keep alongst the coast of Eamden two cables length off to Loegen By Knock is the road for ships that go out But if you will saile into Scholbalch you find two Buyes in the very entrie which stretcheth inwardes by the shoald called Peerdemart Bring the shoare markes of the Island Schirmonick-ooghe in one and sayle alongst the sayd shoald from the first Buy to the second vntill you are hard abord Schirmenick-oogh Then enter in South southwest and turne vp southward and at the last south southeast to the banck And so run thorow the channell toward Groningh southeast and towardes Dockum south There lieth also an entrie on the Eastside which stretcheth in southwest alongest the Island schirmonicke-ooghe vntill you are past the beacons of scholbalch And by the schelling runneth in boren diep where you haue 3. or 4. fatham water fayle in leauing Boren Riff on your Larbord for the most part East and East southeast to the coast of Ameland The traffique of these countries is not very great some corne is transported from the VVeser and good store of bremer beere crooked wood and like things out of Oudenburgh where Breme is the chiefest tower The greatest entercourse by sea is at Emden but such aboundance of Butter Cheese Bacon Barley Beanes Pease and such like merchandise is transported from Gronighe and Frisland as sufficeth for the substance almost of all the low countries and Germaine to the great benefit and commoditie of the inhabitantes A DESCRIPTION OF the Sea â—coastes of East Frysland with all their bankes Sandes and bekons