Selected quad for the lemma: end_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	leaf_n	small_a	top_n	1,777	5	9.8598	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A46303	New-Englands rarities discovered in birds, beasts, fishes, serpents, and plants of that country : together with the physical and chyrurgical remedies wherewith the natives constantly use to cure their distempers, wounds, and sores : also a perfect description of an Indian squa ... with a poem not improperly conferr'd upon her : lastly, a chronological table of the most remarkable passages in that country amongst the English : illustrated with cuts / by John Josselyn, Gent.	Josselyn, John, fl. 1630-1675.	1672 (1672)	Wing J1093; ESTC R20038	31,976	126

Leaf appears having a Green Hollow Leav'd Lavender Page 54. sprig growing fast by it like the smaller Horse Tayl about the latter end of April the Hood and Sprig wither away and there comes forth in the room a Bud like the Bud of the Walnut Tree but bigger the top of it is of a pale Green Colour covered with brown skins like an Onion white underneath the Leaves which spread in time out of the Bud grow from the root with a stalk a Foot long and are as big as the great Bur Dock Leaves and of the colour the Roots are many and of the bigness of the steel of a Tobacco Pipe and very white the whole Plant sents as strong as a Fox it continues till August A Branch of the Humming-Bird Tree 4. This Plant the Humming Bird feedeth upon it groweth likewise in wet grounds and is not at its full growth till Iuly and then it is two Cubits high and better the Leaves are thin and of a pale green Colour some of them as big as a Nettle Leaf it spreads into many Branches knotty at the setting on and of a purple Colour and garnished on the top with many hollow dangling Flowers of a bright yellow Colour speckled with a deeper yellow as it were shadowed the Stalkes are as hollow as a Kix and so are the Roots which are transparent very tender and and full of a yellowish juice For Bruises and Aches upon stroaks The Indians make use of 〈◊〉 for Aches being bruised between two stones and laid tocold but made after the English manner into an unguent with Hog●… Grease there is not a more soveraign remedy for bruises of what kind soever and for Aches upon Stroaks In August 1670 in a Swamp amongst Alders I found a sort of Tree Sow Thistle the Stalks of some two or three Inches about as hollow as a Kix and very brittle the Leaves were smooth and in shape like Souchus laevis i. e. Hares Lettice but longer some about a Foot these grow at a distance one from another almost to the top where it begins to put forth Flowers between the Leaves and the Stalk the top of the stalk runs out into a spike beset about with Flowers like Sow Thistle of a blew or azure colour I brought home one of the Plants which was between twelve and thirteen Foot in length I wondered at it the more for that so large and tall a Plant should grow from so small a Root consisting of slender white strings little bigger than Bents and not many of them and none above a Finger long spreading under the upper crust of the Earth the whole Plant is full of Milk and of a strong savour 5. This Plant I found in a gloomy dry Wood under an Oak 1670. the 18th of August afterwards I found it in open Champain grounds but yet somewhat scarce The Root is about the bigness of a French Walnut the Bark thereof is The Plant when it springs up first brown and rugged within of a yellowish Colour from whence ariseth a slender stalk no bigger than an Oat straw about two Cubits in height somewhat better then a handful above the Root shooteth out one Leaf of a Grass Green colour and an Inch or two above that another Leaf and so four or five at a greater distance one from another till they come within a handful of the top where upon slender foot stalks grow the Flowers four or five more or fewer clustering together in pale long green husks milk white consisting of ten small Leaves snipt a little on the edges The Figure of the Plant when it is at full growth with purple hair threads in the midst the whole Plant is of a brakish tast When it is at its full growth the stalks are as red as Blood 6. This Plant Flowers in August and grows in wet Ground it is about three or four foot in height having a square slender stalk chamfered hollow and tuff the Leaves grow at certain distances one against another of the colour of Egrimony Leaves sharpe pointed broadest in the midst about an Inch and half and three or four Inches in length snipt about the edges like a Nettle Leaf at the top of the Stalk for four or five Inches thick set with pale green husks out of which the Flowers grow consisting of one Leaf shaped like the head of a Serpent opening at the top like a mouth and hollow throughout containing four crooked pointels and on the top of every pointel a small glistering green button covered with a little white woolly matter by which they are with the pointels fastened close together and shore up the tip of the upper chap the crooked pointels are very stiff and hard from the bottom of the husks wherein the Flower stands from the top of the Seed Vessel shoots out a white thread which runs in at the bottom of the Flower and so out at the mouth the whole Flower is milk white the inside of the chaps reddish the Root I did not observe 7. This Plant I take for a varigated Herb Paris True Love or One Berry or rather One Flower which is milk white and made up with four Leaves with many black threads in the middle upon every thread grows a Berry when the Leaves of of the Flower are fallen as big as a white pease of a light red colour when they are ripe and clustering together in a round form as big as a Pullets Egg which at distance shews but as one Berry very pleasant in taste and not unwholsome the Root Leaf and Flower differ not from our English kind and their time of blooming and ripening agree and therefore doubtless a kind of Herba Paris The small Sun Flower or Marygold of America 8. This Plant is taken by our Simplists to be a kind of Golden Rod by others for Sarazens Consound I judge it to be a kind of small Sun Flower or Marygold of the West Indies the Root is brown and slender a foot and half in length running a slope under the upper face of the Earth with some strings here and there the stalk as big as the steal of a Tobacco pipe full of pith commonly brownish sometimes purple three or four foot high the Leaves grow at a distance one against another rough hard green above and gray underneath slightly snipt and the ribs appear most on the back side of the Leaf the Flower is of a bright yellow with little yellow cups in the midst as in the Mary gold of Peru with black threads in them with yellow pointels the Flower spreads it self abroad out of a cup made up of many green beards not unlike a Thistle Within a handful of the top of the stalk when the Flower is fallen growes an excrense or knob as big as a Walnut which being broken yieldeth a kind of Turpentine or rather Rosen What Cutchenele is The stalk beneath and above the knob covered with a multitude of small Bugs about the bigness of

You must make a large Toast or Cake slit and dip it in the Tar and bind it warm to the Side The most common Diseases in New England The Black Pox the Spotted Feaver the Griping of the Guts the Dropsie and the Sciatica are the killing Deseases in New-England The Larch Tree which is the only Tree of all the Pines that sheds his Leaves before Winter The other remaining Green all the Year This is the Tree from which we gather that useful purging excrense Agarick For Wounds and Cuts The Leaves and Gum are both very good to heal Wounds and Cuts For Wounds with Bruises I Cured once a desperate Bruise with a Cut upon the Knee Pan with an Ungent made with the Leaves of the Larch Tree and Hogs Grease but the Gum is best Spruce is a goodly Tree of which they make Masts for Ships and Sail Yards It is generally conceived by those that have skill in Building of Ships that here is absolutely the best Trees in the World many of them being three Fathom about and of great length An Achariston for the Scurvy The tops of Green Spruce Boughs boiled in Bear and drunk is assuredly one of the best Remedies for the Scurvy restoring the Infected party in a short time they also make a Lotion of some of the decoction adding Hony and Allum Hemlock Tree a kind of Spruce the bark of this Tree serves to dye Tawny the Fishers Tan their Sails and Nets with it To break Sore or Swelling The Indians break and heal their Swellings and Sores with it boyling the inner Bark of young Hemlock very well then knocking of it betwixt two stones to a Playster and annointing or soaking it in Soyls Oyl they apply it to the Sore it will break a Sore Swelling speedily One Berry Herba Paris or True Love Sassafras or Ague Tr●…e For heat in Feavers The Chips of the Root boyled in Beer is excellent to allay the hot rage of Feavers being drunk For Bruises and dry Blowes The Leaves of the same Tree are very good made into an Oyntment for Bruises and dry Blows The Bark of the Root we use instead of Cinamon and it is ●…old at the Barbadoes for two Shillings the Pound And why may not this be the Bark the Jesuits Powder was made of that was so Famous not long since in England for Agues Cran Berry or Bear Berry because Bears use much to feed upon them is a small trayling Plant that grows in Salt Marshes that are over-grown with Moss the tender Branches which are reddish run out in great length lying flat on the ground where at distances they take Root over-spreading sometimes half a score Acres sometimes in small patches of about a Rood or the like the Leaves are like Box but greener thick and glisteri●…g the Blossoms are very like the Flowers o●… our English Night Shade after which succeed the Berries hanging by long small foot stalks no bigger than a hair at first they are of a pale yellow Colour afterwards red and as big as a Cherry some perfectly round others Oval all of them hollow of a sower astringent taste they are ripe in August and September For the Scurvy They are excellent against the Scurvy For the heat in Feavers They are also good to allay the fervour of hot Diseases The Indians and English use them much boyling them with Sugar for Sauce to eat with their Meat and it is a delicate Sauce especially for roasted Mutton Some make Tarts with them as with Goose Berries Vine much differing in the Fruit all of them very fleshy some reasonably pleasant others have a taste of Gun Powder and these grow in Swamps and low wet Grounds 3. Of such Plants as are proper to the Country and have no Name 1. PIrola or Winter Green that kind which grows with us in England is common in New-England but there is another plant which I judge to be a kind of Pirola and proper to this Country a very beautiful Plant The shape of the Leaf and the just bigness of it you may see in the Figure The Leaf of the Plant judged to be a kind of Pirola The Ground whereof is a Sap Green embroydered as it were with many pale yellow Ribs the whole Plant in shape is like Semper vivum but far less being not above a handful high with one slender stalk adorned with small pale yellow Flowers like the other Pirola It groweth not every where but in some certain small spots overgrown with Moss close by swamps and shady they are green both Summer and Winter For wounds They are excellent Wound Herbs but this I judge to be the better by far Probatum est 2. This Plant was brought to me by a neighbour who wandering in the Woods to find out his strayed Cattle lost himself for two Dayes being as he ghessed eight or ten Miles from the Sea-side The Root was pretty thick and black having a number of small black strings growing from ●…t the stalks of the Lea●…●…bout a handful long the Leaves were round and as big as a Silver five Shilling piece of a s●…p or dark green Colour with a line or 〈◊〉 as black as Jeat round the Circumference from whence came black lines or ribs at equal distance all of them meeting in a black spot in the Center If I had staid longer in the Country I should have purposely made a Journey into those Parts where it was gathered to discover if possible the Stalk and Flower but now I shall refer it to those that are younger and better able to undergo the pains and trouble of finding it out for I 〈◊〉 by the Natives that it is not common that is every where to be found no more th●…n the embroydered Pirola which al●… i●…●… most elegant Plant and which ●…●…id endeavour to bring over but it 〈◊〉 a●… 〈◊〉 For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all ●…eal O. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 another 〈◊〉 ●…rb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ours but rather beyond it Some of ou●… English practitioners take it for Vervene and use it for the same wherein they are grosly mistaken The Leaf is like a Nettle Leaf but narrower and longer the stalk about the bigness of a Nettle stalk Champhered and hollow and of a dusky red Colour the Flowers are blew small and many growing in spoky tufts at the top and are not hooded but having only four round Leaves after which followeth an infinite of small longish light brown Seed the Roots are knotty and matted together with an infinite number of small white strings the whole Plant is commonly two Cubits high bitter in taste with a Rosenie savour 3. This Plant is one of the first that springs up after White Hellibore in the like wet and black grounds commonly by Hellibore with a sheath or Hood like Dragons but the pestle is of another shape that is having a round Purple Ball on the top of it beset as it were with Burs the hood shoots forth immediately from the Root before any