consideration_n touch_v the_o great_a question_n of_o the_o king_n be_v right_a in_o dispense_v with_o the_o penal_a law_n write_a on_o the_o occasion_n of_o his_o late_a bless_a majesty_n grant_v free_a toleration_n and_o indulgence_n by_o richard_n langhorn_n late_o of_o the_o middle_a temple_n esq_n london_n print_v for_o richard_n langhorn_n anno_fw-la dom._n m.d.c._n lxxxvii_o to_o the_o king_n sir_n the_o piety_n of_o a_o son_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o so_o good_a a_o father_n may_v i_o hope_v in_o some_o measure_n excuse_v my_o presumption_n in_o lay_v this_o part_n of_o his_o remain_n at_o your_o sacred_a foot_n and_o what_o will_v farther_o plead_v for_o i_o be_v my_o second_v his_o intention_n in_o offer_v that_o to_o your_o majesty_n which_o he_o as_o he_o often_o tell_v i_o design_v more_o immediate_o for_o your_o royal_a consideration_n i_o be_o sensible_a this_o subject_n may_v be_v think_v to_o be_v here_o handle_v with_o too_o much_o modesty_n but_o i_o be_o also_o sensible_a that_o the_o iniquity_n of_o those_o time_n will_v not_o bear_v with_o bold_a truth_n and_o reason_n yet_o i_o may_v with_o confidence_n aver_v if_o he_o be_v due_o weigh_v he_o will_v be_v find_v to_o have_v assert_v the_o prerogative_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o loyal_a subject_n sir_n when_o this_o be_v prepare_v a_o malevolent_a faction_n will_v have_v make_v the_o very_a law_n rebellious_a and_o to_o spurn_v against_o their_o maker_n yet_o since_o divine_a providence_n have_v place_v your_o majesty_n as_o glorious_a at_o the_o head_n of_o your_o law_n as_o at_o the_o head_n of_o your_o army_n i_o have_v only_o to_o pray_v for_o the_o continuance_n of_o your_o happy_a life_n and_o reign_n as_o be_v sir_n your_o majesty_n loyal_a subject_n and_o most_o dutiful_a servant_n r._n langhorn_n consideration_n touch_v the_o great_a question_n of_o the_o king_n be_v right_a in_o dispense_v with_o the_o penal_a law_n those_o who_o assert_v the_o affirmative_a in_o this_o question_n do_v premise_v these_o follow_a rule_n or_o ground_n which_o they_o take_v to_o be_v so_o clear_a either_o from_o right_a reason_n common_a experience_n or_o the_o traditional_a common-law_n which_o be_v hand_v to_o we_o by_o such_o resolution_n of_o the_o ancient_a sage_n of_o our_o law_n as_o be_v find_v in_o our_o law-book_n that_o if_o they_o be_v refuse_v by_o any_o the_o title_n of_o principle_n yet_o they_o be_v easy_o provable_a to_o lawyer_n to_o be_v of_o the_o like_a nature_n with_o principle_n in_o that_o science_n which_o most_o proper_o judge_v of_o this_o question_n i._o that_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la which_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n a_o offence_n and_o malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la which_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n indifferent_a come_v only_o to_o be_v a_o offence_n because_o some_o law_n make_v it_o so_o 11._o h._n 7._o fol._n 11.13_o h._n 7._o f._n 8._o ii_o that_o no_o power_n upon_o earth_n can_v give_v licence_n for_o the_o do_v or_o dispense_n with_o the_o do_v of_o what_o be_v malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la may_v be_v license_v cook_n lib._n 12._o fol._n 30._o note_v suspension_n dispensation_n and_o licence_n do_v in_o this_o question_n signify_v the_o same_o thing_n iii_o that_o the_o king_n can_v repeal_v or_o total_o make_v void_a a_o law_n by_o his_o own_o single_a power_n without_o a_o parliament_n iv_o that_o dispensation_n whether_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o generality_n or_o to_o particular_a person_n only_o be_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o bare_o a_o relaxation_n toleration_n or_o licens_v of_o a_o malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la for_o a_o time_n with_o respect_n to_o advantage_n or_o necessity_n this_o be_v the_o definition_n give_v cook_n lib._n 11._o fol._n 88_o in_o the_o case_n of_o monopoly_n v._o that_o the_o end_n of_o every_o law_n and_o of_o all_o law_n civil_a and_o temporal_a be_v bonum_fw-la publicum_fw-la and_o salus_n populi_n and_o therefore_o when_o any_o law_n make_v be_v find_v at_o any_o time_n to_o contradict_v that_o end_n every_o such_o law_n must_v at_o that_o time_n be_v void_a in_o its_o self_n or_o there_o must_v be_v a_o power_n somewhere_o to_o suspend_v or_o dispense_v with_o such_o a_o law_n for_o so_o long_a time_n as_o it_o appear_v to_o contradict_v that_o end_n for_o which_o such_o a_o law_n be_v make_v for_o res_fw-la nolunt_fw-la male_a agi_fw-la and_o the_o common-good_a and_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n must_v and_o will_v be_v prefer_v note_v that_o this_o be_v so_o sure_a a_o principle_n that_o even_o magna_fw-la charta_n itself_o the_o great_a darling_n of_o all_o our_o law_n have_v always_o give_v way_n to_o it_o and_o therefore_o though_o our_o king_n have_v restrain_v themselves_o by_o that_o law_n general_o from_o put_v any_o imposition_n upon_o merchandise_n to_o be_v import_v or_o export_v yet_o our_o judge_n have_v resolve_v that_o for_o the_o common-good_a the_o king_n may_v control_v and_o suspend_v this_o law_n as_o in_o case_n of_o a_o imposition_n put_v in_o foreign_a part_n upon_o our_o merchandise_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o our_o trade_n the_o king_n to_o enforce_v a_o abatement_n there_o and_o to_o make_v a_o equality_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o our_o trade_n may_v put_v imposition_n upon_o their_o merchandise_n here_o so_o also_o though_o by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la it_o be_v general_o free_a for_o every_o person_n with_o any_o commodity_n not_o express_o prohibit_v by_o some_o particular_a law_n to_o go_v out_o of_o england_n in_o order_n to_o trade_n yet_o the_o king_n may_v in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n restrain_v all_o merchant_n from_o go_v out_o of_o england_n or_o in_o the_o time_n of_o dearth_n from_o export_v such_o comodities_n otherwise_o not_o prohibit_v of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o dearth_n in_o england_n coke_n lib._n 12._o fol._n 33.34_o vi_o that_o necessitas_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la temporis_fw-la necessity_n be_v itself_o a_o law_n whenever_o it_o happen_v and_o for_o the_o time_n that_o it_o continue_v it_o be_v absolute_a and_o above_o all_o law_n this_o law_n command_v that_o authority_n which_o have_v the_o right_a of_o dispense_v with_o law_n to_o exercise_v that_o right_n and_o if_o that_o authority_n will_v not_o do_v it_o this_o law_n call_v necessity_n will_v itself_o exercise_v that_o right_o coke_n lib._n 12._o fol._n 34._o note_v when_o necessity_n require_v not_o only_o the_o king_n but_o every_o subject_a may_v come_v upon_o my_o land_n and_o make_v trench_n and_o bulwork_n there_o for_o defence_n against_o a_o enemy_n or_o pull_v down_o the_o whole_a suburb_n or_o any_o part_n of_o a_o city_n for_o the_o same_o end_n or_o pull_v down_o or_o blow_v up_o any_o house_n or_o house_n in_o a_o town_n to_o secure_v the_o rest_n from_o fire_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o law_n make_v for_o the_o preserve_n of_o property_n coke_n lib._n 12._o fol._n 13._o vii_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o lawmaker_n who_o be_v mere_a man_n and_o no_o more_o &_o who_o have_v no_o pretence_n to_o a_o perpetual_a divine_a assistance_n in_o the_o make_n of_o law_n to_o foresee_v all_o particular_a mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v happen_v in_o particular_a circumstance_n by_o or_o from_o the_o make_n of_o any_o particular_a law._n coke_n lib._n 11._o fol._n 88_o viii_o that_o for_o the_o reason_n beforementioned_a of_o the_o impossibility_n in_o lawmaker_n of_o foreseeing_a all_o accident_n and_o emergency_n and_o for_o comply_v with_o necessity_n and_o provide_v for_o publick-good_a in_o all_o occasion_n and_o the_o take_a care_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n there_o must_v be_v some_o power_n always_o in_o be_v to_o suspend_v or_o dispense_v with_o such_o law_n or_o law_n as_o publick-good_a the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n or_o emergent_a necessity_n require_v at_o any_o particular_a time_n or_o in_o any_o particular_a circumstance_n to_o be_v suspend_v or_o dispense_v with_o ix_o that_o the_o power_n of_o dispense_v with_o malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la be_v of_o right_n and_o by_o our_o law_n in_o our_o lord_n the_o king._n coke_n lib._n 11._o fol._n 88_o for_o when_o a_o penal_a statute_n be_v make_v for_o the_o publick-good_a the_o king_n as_o the_o head_n of_o the_o publick-good_a and_o the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n and_o mercy_n be_v by_o the_o whole_a realm_n entrust_v and_o particular_o as_o to_o the_o power_n of_o dispense_v with_o it_o coke_n lib._n 7._o fol._n 36._o x._o that_o this_o trust_n and_o this_o power_n of_o dispense_v with_o penal_a law_n be_v inseparable_o unite_v unto_o the_o royal_a person_n of_o the_o king_n that_o he_o can_v transfer_v give_v away_o or_o separate_v the_o same_o from_o himself_o consequent_o it_o be_v inherent_a in_o his_o royal_a person_n that_o be_v in_o his_o
crown_n coke_n lib._n 7._o fol._n 36._o report_a as_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n xi_o the_o king_n can_v by_o his_o grant_n nor_o yet_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n bar_v himself_o of_o any_o thing_n which_o be_v inherent_a in_o and_o inseparable_o annex_v unto_o his_o royal_a person_n for_o that_o in_o so_o do_v he_o shall_v cease_v to_o be_v king_n and_o consequent_o change_v and_o subvert_v the_o government_n which_o our_o law_n allow_v not_o note_v this_o be_v prove_v in_o substance_n by_o 2_o h._n 7._o fol._n 6._o cite_v and_o agree_v in_o calvin_n case_n coke_n lib._n 7._o fol._n 14._o the_o case_n be_v thus_o in_o the_o statute_n 23._o h._n 6._o cap._n 8._o it_o be_v enact_v under_o great_a penalty_n that_o none_o shall_v serve_v the_o king_n as_o sheriff_n of_o any_o one_o county_n above_o one_o year_n and_o that_o if_o the_o king_n by_o any_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la shall_v dispense_v with_o that_o statute_n such_o dispensation_n shall_v be_v void_a yet_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o notwithstanding_o that_o express_a clause_n and_o even_o against_o it_o the_o king_n may_v dispense_v and_o the_o reason_n give_v be_v because_o the_o king_n have_v a_o right_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o king_n to_o the_o service_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o such_o right_n be_v inseparable_o annex_v to_o and_o inherent_a in_o his_o royal_a person_n that_o act_n can_v not_o bar_n the_o king_n of_o the_o service_n of_o his_o subject_n every_o subject_a be_v bind_v by_o his_o natural_a legiance_n to_o serve_v the_o king._n xii_o that_o therefore_o when_o ever_o the_o king_n to_o gratify_v a_o parliament_n do_v consent_n in_o parliament_n to_o any_o law_n by_o which_o he_o seem_v to_o strip_v himself_o of_o or_o depart_v from_o any_o prerogative_n or_o right_o which_o in_o truth_n be_v insperable_a from_o he_o as_o king_n or_o when_o the_o king_n in_o parliament_n or_o otherwise_o by_o any_o declaratory_a word_n or_o speech_n seem_v to_o relinquish_v such_o right_n such_o consent_n to_o such_o law_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o agreement_n on_o his_o part_n not_o to_o use_v that_o right_n ordinary_o but_o only_o in_o extraordinary_a occasion_n when_o in_o his_o princely_a wisdom_n he_o shall_v find_v it_o necessary_a and_o for_o public_a good._n but_o this_o bar_v he_o not_o to_o use_v this_o right_n again_o when_o he_o see_v just_a cause_n so_o to_o do_v nor_o can_v any_o declaratory_a word_n speak_v by_o the_o king_n or_o his_o assent_n insert_v into_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n estoppe_v the_o king_n in_o any_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n this_o ground_n be_v establish_v all_o the_o difficulty_n touch_v parliament_n endeavour_v to_o entrench_v upon_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o frequent_a charge_n of_o breach_n of_o promise_n impute_v to_o our_o king_n be_v solve_v and_o fall_v to_o nothing_o nor_o will_v there_o be_v any_o more_o use_n of_o that_o engine_n make_v use_v of_o so_o unhappy_o by_o the_o late_a usurper_n of_o wound_v the_o king_n through_o the_o pretence_n of_o remove_v evil_a counsellor_n when_o ever_o the_o king_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o reassume_v his_o right_n in_o extraordinary_a emergent_a occasion_n after_o have_v agree_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o by_o any_o other_o public_a way_n not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o that_o right_n ordinary_o it_o be_v clear_a upon_o this_o ground_n that_o a_o parliament_n offer_v a_o bill_n to_o the_o king_n which_o seem_v to_o take_v from_o he_o such_o a_o right_n have_v not_o in_o truth_n any_o design_n in_o it_o to_o prejudice_v the_o crown_n for_o then_o a_o parliament_n shall_v do_v wrong_a which_o the_o law_n allow_v not_o to_o say_v nor_o be_v such_o a_o reassume_v the_o exercise_n of_o such_o a_o right_n a_o breach_n of_o promise_n in_o the_o king_n but_o a_o make_v use_n of_o the_o condition_n employ_v in_o his_o agreement_n as_o to_o such_o a_o particular_a case_n and_o in_o such_o present_a circumstance_n otherwise_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o do_v wrong_n which_o our_o law_n also_o forbid_v we_o to_o say_v and_o all_o those_o judgement_n and_o resolution_n of_o our_o judge_n which_o confirm_v it_o to_o we_o that_o the_o king_n have_v such_o right_n and_o which_o have_v allow_v the_o exercise_n of_o such_o right_n notwithstanding_o act_n of_o parliament_n will_v be_v infringe_v and_o become_v erroneous_a and_o consequent_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o our_o law_n unsettled_a these_o rule_n before_o lay_v or_o some_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n which_o those_o who_o be_v learn_v in_o our_o law_n agree_v upon_o among_o themselves_o have_v be_v of_o so_o great_a force_n that_o in_o all_o age_n those_o who_o have_v be_v otherwise_o the_o great_a opposer_n of_o the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o crown_n have_v nevertheless_o always_o agree_v that_o the_o king_n have_v a_o power_n inherent_a in_o he_o and_o inseparable_a from_o his_o royal_a person_n to_o dispense_v with_o penal_a law_n as_o to_o particular_a person_n but_o several_a do_v deny_v that_o his_o majesty_n have_v any_o power_n in_o himself_o alone_o to_o dispense_v in_o general_n with_o a_o penal_a law_n or_o to_o suspend_v in_o general_a the_o execution_n of_o such_o a_o law_n though_o other_o do_v very_o strong_o affirm_v his_o majesty_n to_o have_v this_o power_n and_o do_v conceive_v that_o upon_o the_o ground_n before_o lay_v all_o objection_n which_o be_v common_o urge_v against_o this_o power_n be_v clear_o answer_v and_o prevent_v those_o who_o maintain_v the_o affirmative_a in_o this_o point_n do_v at_o all_o time_n declare_v that_o their_o affirmative_a be_v not_o intend_v of_o a_o general_n power_n in_o the_o king_n to_o suspend_v all_o penal_a law_n in_o general_a at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o public_a and_o without_o just_a cause_n such_o a_o power_n be_v against_o the_o ground_n before_o lay_v and_o never_o claim_v by_o any_o king_n of_o england_n but_o that_o which_o they_o affirm_v be_v of_o a_o right_o bound_v within_o the_o true_a just_a and_o agree_v definition_n of_o a_o dispensation_n mention_v as_o the_o four_o ground_n before_o assert_v and_o therefore_o when_o they_o discourse_v the_o point_n they_o state_n and_o divide_v the_o difficulty_n into_o these_o follow_a qwestion_n viz._n quest_n i._o whether_o the_o legislative_a power_n may_v not_o possible_o make_v such_o a_o law_n as_o in_o respect_n of_o time_n and_o other_o circumstance_n impossible_a to_o be_v foresee_v may_v prove_v inconvenient_a to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o and_o if_o the_o affirmative_a in_o this_o question_n be_v true_a which_o they_o hold_v then_o quest_n ii_o whether_o in_o case_n of_o such_o a_o law_n make_v be_v there_o not_o some_o power_n and_o be_v it_o not_o absolute_o necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v some_o power_n always_o visible_a and_o in_o be_v to_o dispense_v with_o and_o to_o suspend_v the_o general_n execution_n of_o such_o a_o law_n necessity_n and_o public_a or_o general_n good_a require_v it_o in_o this_o they_o also_o hold_v the_o affirmative_a which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a then_o quest_n iii_o whether_o this_o power_n be_v in_o the_o king_n or_o any_o where_o else_o and_o where_o else_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n with_o some_o other_o and_o with_o who_o and_o in_o this_o they_o hold_v that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n sole_o for_o proof_n of_o their_o affirmative_a to_o the_o first_o question_n they_o say_v i._o it_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o seven_o ground_n before_o lay_v ii_o by_o what_o be_v observe_v upon_o the_o five_o ground_n even_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la rigorous_o insist_v on_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n of_o it_o will_v be_v inconvenient_a and_o against_o public_a good._n iii_o there_o be_v many_o ancient_a penal_a law_n which_o though_o never_o repeal_v yet_o be_v not_o put_v in_o execution_n because_o though_o necessary_a when_o they_o be_v first_o make_v yet_o now_o obsolete_a in_o respect_n of_o time_n and_o other_o circumstance_n not_o foresee_v and_o impossible_a to_o be_v foresee_v when_o the_o say_v law_n be_v make_v iv_o it_o be_v ordinary_a for_o the_o legislative_a power_n in_o all_o age_n to_o make_v several_a penal_a law_n mere_o temporary_a and_o experimental_o to_o the_o end_n that_o experience_n may_v show_v whether_o they_o may_v convenient_o be_v continue_v or_o not_o v._o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n make_v for_o encouragement_n of_o navigation_n and_o touch_v cart-wheel_n be_v penal_a law_n make_v by_o this_o present_a parliament_n do_v clear_o prove_v this_o point_n the_o first_o have_v inconvenience_n not_o foresee_v and_o only_o appear_v when_o we_o make_v war_n the_o other_o have_v such_o inconvenience_n not_o foresee_v by_o the_o lawmaker_n that_o have_v it_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n all_o
arm_n many_o in_o england_n who_o be_v willing_a to_o assist_v the_o king_n in_o this_o exigency_n dare_v not_o bear_v arm_n because_o they_o can_v comply_v with_o what_o the_o aforesaid_a law_n require_v many_o who_o can_v comply_v with_o this_o law_n refuse_v to_o comply_v and_o consequent_o pretend_v they_o can_v comply_v and_o therefore_o that_o they_o dare_v not_o bear_v arms._n but_o their_o true_a reason_n be_v that_o they_o know_v they_o can_v have_v no_o toleration_n in_o the_o business_n of_o religion_n secure_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o king_n and_o they_o hope_v the_o enemy_n if_o they_o overcome_v will_v for_o their_o own_o interest_n at_o least_o make_v good_a their_o promise_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n now_o it_o be_v demand_v of_o the_o judge_n may_v the_o king_n in_o this_o exigency_n dispense_v with_o this_o law_n and_o suspend_v all_o the_o penal_a law_n in_o case_n of_o religion_n and_o have_v the_o king_n a_o right_a to_o do_v this_o if_o he_o can_v then_o clear_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n must_v be_v lose_v because_o our_o law_n be_v in_o so_o great_a a_o point_n defective_a if_o the_o king_n have_v right_o to_o do_v this_o though_o no_o part_n of_o the_o penalty_n be_v by_o this_o law_n to_o the_o king_n but_o all_o to_o the_o informer_n then_o put_v the_o same_o case_n yet_o far_o and_o suppose_v the_o malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la in_o this_o law_n be_v by_o this_o law_n adjudge_v and_o declare_v to_o be_v a_o common_a nuisance_n nay_o suppose_v it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v felony_n or_o high_a treason_n have_v the_o king_n in_o such_o case_n a_o right_a to_o dispense_v and_o be_v not_o the_o king_n the_o sole_a judge_n in_o this_o case_n of_o the_o necessity_n and_o of_o the_o public_a good_a or_o be_v the_o king_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n of_o necessity_n to_o judge_v in_o the_o point_n and_o so_o hazard_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o whole_a in_o expect_v the_o meeting_n of_o a_o parliament_n or_o must_v he_o consult_v the_o judge_n and_o be_v bind_v by_o their_o opinion_n in_o so_o great_a a_o affair_n of_o state_n necessity_n and_o the_o publick-safety_n it_o be_v conceive_v the_o resolution_n of_o this_o case_n will_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o whole_a doubt_n against_o these_o affirmative_n several_a objection_n be_v usual_o make_v which_o be_v answer_v thus_o object_n i._o that_o the_o king_n by_o his_o coronation_n oath_n and_o by_o several_a promise_n have_v please_v to_o bind_v himself_o to_o maintain_v all_o the_o law_n and_o since_o all_o man_n agree_v that_o almighty_a god_n can_v bind_v himself_o by_o his_o promise_n it_o be_v unreasonable_a to_o say_v the_o king_n can_v bind_v himself_o answ_n i._o this_o objection_n if_o it_o prove_v any_o thing_n prove_v too_o much_o for_o it_o be_v as_o strong_a to_o take_v away_o the_o king_n power_n of_o pardon_v or_o of_o dispense_v with_o a_o penal_a law_n as_o to_o a_o particular_a person_n as_o to_o take_v away_o his_o power_n of_o dispense_v in_o general_n but_o the_o objector_n grant_v that_o the_o king_n have_v the_o former_a power_n inherent_a in_o he_o notwithstanding_o these_o promise_n and_o oath_n and_o that_o no_o construction_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o they_o to_o bar_v he_o from_o pardon_v or_o from_o dispense_v with_o particular_a person_n therefore_o no_o construction_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o they_o to_o bar_n he_o from_o dispense_v general_o second_o there_o be_v no_o construction_n to_o be_v make_v of_o any_o promise_n of_o god_n to_o bind_v his_o divine_a majesty_n to_o cease_v to_o be_v good_a and_o merciful_a because_o those_o attribute_n be_v of_o his_o essence_n and_o such_o a_o promise_n will_v amount_v to_o a_o promise_n to_o cease_v to_o be_v god_n which_o god_n can_v cease_v to_o be_v and_o therefore_o can_v be_v intend_v to_o bind_v himself_o to_o cease_v to_o be_v so_o neither_o shall_v any_o construction_n be_v make_v of_o any_o oath_n or_o promise_v of_o the_o king_n to_o bind_v the_o king_n to_o cease_v to_o have_v the_o power_n of_o mercy_n because_o it_o be_v of_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o it_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o bind_v himself_o to_o cease_v to_o be_v king_n which_o he_o can_v bind_v himself_o to_o cease_v to_o be_v three_o this_o right_n of_o dispensation_n be_v a_o law_n in_o its_o self_n and_o so_o necessary_a and_o fundamental_a a_o law_n in_o order_n to_o the_o public_a good_a that_o without_o it_o and_o without_o the_o exercise_n of_o it_o when_o the_o common_a good_a require_v it_o to_o be_v exercise_v the_o kingdom_n can_v be_v and_o the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v law._n therefore_o the_o king_n oath_n and_o promise_n to_o maintain_v the_o law_n bound_v he_o to_o maintain_v and_o exercise_v this_o right_n and_o to_o put_v such_o a_o construction_n upon_o the_o say_a oath_n and_o promise_n as_o shall_v bind_v the_o king_n not_o to_o use_v this_o right_n be_v to_o bind_v the_o king_n to_o break_v and_o to_o violate_v the_o law_n and_o to_o neglect_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nay_o for_o the_o king_n not_o to_o exercise_v this_o right_n will_v be_v to_o violate_v his_o oath_n and_o promise_n and_o to_o break_v the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o by_o the_o whole_a realm_n when_o they_o make_v a_o law_n and_o entrust_v he_o with_o it_o as_o the_o fountain_n of_o mercy_n and_o head_n of_o the_o public_a good_a and_o to_o frustrate_v the_o chief_a end_n of_o all_o our_o law_n four_o the_o objection_n be_v therefore_o ground_v upon_o a_o mistake_n of_o the_o question_n for_o no_o man_n will_v or_o dare_v say_v that_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o enforce_v the_o execution_n of_o a_o penal_a law_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o of_o a_o very_a notable_a considerable_a part_n of_o it_o object_n ii_o that_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o all_o who_o be_v in_o the_o commission_n of_o the_o peace_n be_v swear_v to_o put_v the_o law_n in_o execution_n but_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o have_v this_o power_n he_o shall_v have_v it_o in_o his_o power_n to_o make_v all_o these_o perjure_a answ_n i._o this_o objection_n as_o the_o former_a make_v as_o much_o against_o the_o king_n power_n of_o dispense_v as_o to_o particular_a person_n as_o against_o the_o power_n now_o affirm_v and_o so_o it_o fight_v against_o the_o objector_n allow_v opinion_n and_o prove_v nothing_o second_o the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n in_o dispute_n be_v a_o law_n so_o they_o be_v bind_v by_o their_o oath_n to_o submit_v to_o it_o and_o maintain_v it_o three_o a_o dispensation_n in_o our_o case_n be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o temporary_a repeal_n of_o a_o law_n for_o it_o be_v a_o lay_v it_o to_o sleep_v for_o a_o time_n in_o a_o legal_a way_n consequent_o there_o be_v no_o more_o obligation_n from_o the_o oath_n object_v to_o put_v a_o law_n in_o execution_n during_o the_o time_n that_o the_o execution_n thereof_o be_v by_o a_o dispensation_n legal_o suspend_v then_o there_o be_v to_o put_v a_o law_n in_o execution_n after_o it_o be_v repeal_v and_o to_o do_v either_o will_v be_v against_o the_o oath_n object_v because_o it_o will_v be_v to_o act_n against_o law._n and_o if_o this_o be_v deny_v it_o be_v worthy_a enquiry_n why_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v bind_v by_o oath_n as_o be_v object_v and_o who_o sometime_o affirm_v themselves_o oblige_v by_o oath_n to_o give_v the_o law_n in_o charge_n in_o their_o circuit_n do_v nevertheless_o forbear_v to_o give_v in_o charge_n or_o put_v in_o execution_n several_a obsolete_a and_o antiquate_a law_n which_o have_v never_o be_v actual_o repeal_v by_o the_o legislative_a power_n but_o only_o suspend_v by_o the_o act_n or_o by_o allowance_n of_o our_o king_n who_o may_v have_v enforce_v the_o execution_n of_o they_o if_o they_o have_v please_v and_o by_o the_o consent_n and_o tacit_a agreement_n of_o our_o judge_n and_o whole_a kingdom_n take_v to_o be_v suspend_v object_n iii_o if_o this_o power_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n he_o may_v by_o virtue_n of_o it_o suspend_v all_o our_o law_n and_o even_o magna_fw-la charta_n itself_o and_o then_o farewell_n all_o our_o liberty_n and_o property_n answ_n if_o this_o objection_n be_v not_o ground_v upon_o a_o mistake_n of_o the_o question_n it_o signify_v nothing_o the_o right_o assert_v be_v a_o righr_fw-ge of_o dispensation_n public_a necessity_n and_o public_a good_a require_v it_o it_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o five_o ground_n before_o lay_v and_o the_o instance_n urge_v to_o prove_v that_o ground_n that_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v suspend_v by_o this_o right_n when_o public_a good_a require_v such_o suspension_n and_o what_o matter_n be_v
it_o how_o many_o law_n be_v suspend_v at_o one_o time_n for_o publick-good_a which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o our_o law_n here_o be_v no_o other_o right_n pretend_v to_o be_v maintain_v in_o the_o present_a dispute_n but_o what_o be_v for_o publick-good_a and_o the_o conservation_n of_o our_o liberty_n and_o property_n object_n iv_o the_o allowance_n of_o this_o power_n to_o the_o king_n may_v be_v dangerous_a in_o its_o consequence_n for_o in_o effect_v it_o make_v he_o sole_a judge_n in_o the_o case_n and_o then_o be_v may_v use_v this_o power_n by_o mistake_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o public_a answ_n if_o there_o be_v any_o danger_n in_o make_v the_o king_n judge_n in_o this_o case_n and_o that_o this_o danger_n be_v a_o error_n it_o be_v not_o the_o fault_n of_o those_o who_o maintain_v this_o right_n but_o of_o the_o law_n which_o declare_v this_o right_a to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a realm_n which_o entrust_v the_o power_n of_o mercy_n in_o the_o king._n the_o same_o law_n and_o the_o same_o realm_n entrust_v the_o king_n with_o the_o sword_n of_o justice_n with_o the_o militia_n and_o with_o the_o power_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n yet_o the_o law_n be_v never_o blame_v in_o these_o point_n nor_o ought_v the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v charge_v with_o folly_n or_o imprudence_n for_o these_o trust_n certain_a it_o be_v these_o power_n and_o these_o trust_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v in_o some_o person_n or_o person_n always_o visible_a and_o always_o in_o be_v if_o it_o be_v in_o one_o single_a person_n he_o be_v &_o must_v be_v king_n if_o in_o more_o than_o we_o must_v change_v our_o government_n and_o law_n and_o how_o safe_a that_o will_v be_v for_o our_o liberty_n and_o property_n be_v not_o hard_a to_o judge_v the_o same_o law_n that_o entrust_v these_o power_n in_o the_o king_n know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o man_n entrust_v the_o legislative_a power_n in_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o man_n and_o the_o whole_a realm_n consent_n to_o these_o trust_n this_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o our_o government_n and_o as_o our_o law_n affirm_v that_o this_o trust_v as_o to_o the_o legislative_a power_n will_v not_o be_v abuse_v and_o therefore_o say_v positive_o that_o in_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n the_o parliament_n can_v do_v no_o wrong_n the_o law_n imply_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n to_o be_v include_v in_o what_o they_o do_v and_o consequent_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v wrong_v in_o what_o they_o consent_v to_o so_o the_o law_n and_o the_o whole_a realm_n consent_v to_o repose_v these_o trust_n in_o the_o king_n the_o law_n affirm_v and_o the_o whole_a realm_n believe_v that_o these_o trust_n will_v not_o be_v abuse_v and_o therefore_o the_o law_n say_v that_o in_o the_o exercise_n of_o these_o trust_n the_o king_n can_v do_v no_o wrong_n the_o law_n imply_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n to_o be_v include_v in_o the_o repose_v of_o these_o trust_n in_o the_o king_n and_o consequent_o to_o be_v include_v in_o what_o the_o king_n do_v in_o the_o exercise_n and_o execution_n of_o these_o trust_n and_o consequent_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v wrong_v in_o what_o they_o consent_v unto_o and_o in_o truth_n our_o law_n say_v the_o king_n make_v the_o law_n and_o be_v the_o sole_a judge_n even_o in_o parliament_n and_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o only_o assent_v and_o the_o king_n be_v sole_o entrust_v with_o the_o power_n of_o judge_v and_o that_o he_o have_v no_o judge_n over_o he_o 22._o ed._n 3._o fol._n 3._o object_n v._o if_o this_o right_n may_v be_v allow_v the_o king_n may_v licence_n a_o common_a nuisance_n or_o felony_n or_o high-treason_n answ_n the_o question_n be_v only_o touch_v the_o licens_v of_o a_o thing_n which_o in_o its_o own_o nature_n be_v indifferent_a and_o if_o not_o prohibit_v by_o a_o law_n may_v be_v honest_o do_v and_o become_v a_o offence_n only_o by_o be_v prohibit_v and_o because_o it_o be_v prohibit_v by_o a_o law_n make_v for_o common-good_a and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o case_n the_o objection_n be_v full_o grant_v the_o king_n may_v licence_n the_o do_v of_o a_o thing_n common-good_a and_o public_a advantage_n or_o necessity_n require_v the_o licens_v of_o the_o same_o regard_n be_v have_v to_o particular_a circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o other_o reason_n of_o state_n and_o concernment_n which_o by_o law_n be_v make_v a_o offence_n or_o common-nusance_a or_o felony_n or_o high-treason_n and_o this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o prejudice_n or_o mischief_n that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o inconveniency_n not_o to_o have_v such_o a_o power_n some_o where_o this_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o five_o and_o six_o ground_n before_o lay_v and_o for_o far_a proof_n there_o be_v one_o instance_n among_o many_o in_o the_o book_n 11._o h._n 7._o fol._n 11._o bro._n tit_n licence_n 24._o where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o whereas_o the_o coin_n of_o money_n be_v a_o indifferent_a thing_n in_o itself_o and_o may_v have_v be_v practise_v by_o every_o man_n that_o please_v until_o it_o be_v make_v a_o offence_n by_o law_n which_o make_v it_o high-treason_n the_o king_n may_v dispense_v with_o that_o law_n and_o licence_v the_o coin_n of_o money_n this_o be_v a_o instance_n of_o the_o high_a nature_n viz._n of_o a_o malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la make_v treason_n and_o therefore_o other_o instance_n be_v needless_a object_n 6._o if_o this_o right_n be_v allow_v where_o the_o penalty_n for_o do_v a_o malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la be_v give_v to_o the_o poor_a or_o the_o prosecutor_n and_o not_o to_o the_o king_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o deprive_v the_o subject_a of_o what_o the_o law_n give_v he_o which_o will_v be_v a_o wrong_n and_o the_o king_n can_v do_v no_o wrong_n answ_n this_o objection_n as_o the_o former_a be_v ground_v upon_o a_o mistake_n of_o the_o question_n which_o be_v only_o of_o dispense_v pro_fw-la bono_n publico_fw-la in_o case_n of_o common-good_a and_o public_a advantage_n or_o necessity_n so_o that_o what_o at_o the_o time_n of_o make_v the_o law_n which_o make_v it_o a_o offence_n be_v fit_a for_o the_o common-good_a to_o be_v prohibit_v and_o make_v a_o offence_n come_v at_o the_o time_n and_o in_o the_o circumstance_n wherein_o it_o be_v dispense_v with_o to_o be_v a_o common-good_a and_o consequent_o necessary_a to_o be_v license_v so_o that_o admit_v it_o be_v a_o mischief_n to_o the_o prosecutor_n or_o to_o the_o poor_a of_o some_o parish_n to_o be_v bar_v of_o the_o penalty_n give_v by_o the_o law_n yet_o to_o the_o public_a it_o will_v be_v a_o inconveniency_n not_o to_o have_v that_o license_v which_o common-good_a require_v to_o have_v license_v and_o the_o know_a rule_n of_o law_n require_v that_o a_o private_a mischief_n shall_v rather_o be_v suffer_v than_o a_o common_a inconvenience_n consequent_o by_o this_o right_o exercise_v the_o king_n do_v no_o wrong_n for_o to_o prefer_v publick-benefit_n before_o the_o private_a gain_n of_o informer_n who_o be_v the_o pest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o before_o the_o poor_a of_o a_o parish_n who_o must_v otherwise_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o parish_n be_v no_o wrong_n beside_o the_o objector_n grant_v that_o the_o king_n notwithstanding_o this_o objection_n may_v licence_v particular_a person_n and_o they_o must_v grant_v that_o before_o a_o action_n commence_v the_o king_n after_o a_o offence_n commit_v may_v deprive_v a_o informer_n of_o what_o the_o law_n give_v by_o a_o particular_a pardon_n both_o these_o rule_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o book_n of_o 2._o r._n 3._o fol._n 11.12_o &_o 1_o h._n 7._o fol._n 3._o &_o 37._o h._n 6._o fol._n 4._o &_o 5._o and_o if_o it_o be_v no_o wrong_a to_o pardon_v the_o offence_n commit_v although_o there_o be_v no_o pretence_n of_o common-good_a upon_o which_o the_o pardon_n be_v ground_v it_o be_v certain_o no_o wrong_a to_o dispense_v for_o common-good_a object_n vii_o that_o there_o be_v no_o express_a judgement_n find_v in_o our_o law-book_n to_o warrant_v this_o right_n in_o the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o it_o be_v a_o right_a often_o claim_v by_o our_o king_n and_o deny_v by_o the_o subject_n the_o judge_n who_o by_o their_o office_n be_v the_o king_n council_n learned_a will_v not_o have_v leave_v so_o material_a a_o point_n unsettled_a answ_n i._o suppose_v this_o objection_n be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v no_o express_a judgement_n find_v in_o this_o case_n yet_o the_o consequence_n do_v no_o more_o follow_v that_o therefore_o the_o king_n have_v no_o such_o right_n then_o the_o contrary_a consequence_n will_v follow_v therefore_o the_o king_n have_v such_o right_n for_o