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A35692 A brief description of New-York, formerly called New-Netherlands with the places thereunto adjoyning : together with the manner of its scituation, fertility of the soyle, healthfulness of the climate, and the commodities thence produced : also some directions and advice to such as shall go thither ... : likewise a brief relation of the customs of the Indians there / by Daniel Denton. Denton, Daniel. 1670 (1670) Wing D1062; ESTC R12462 12,404 26

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A Brief Description OF NEW-YORK Formerly Called New-Netherlands With the Places thereunto Adjoyning Together with the Manner of its Scituation Fertility of the Soyle Healthfulness of the Climate and the Commodities thence produced ALSO Some Directions and Advice to such as shall go thither An Account of what Commodities they shall take with them The Profit and Pleasure that may accrew to them thereby LIKEWISE A Brief RELATION of the Customs of the Indians there By DANIEL DENTON LONDON Printed for John Hancock at the first Shop in Popes-Head-Alley in Cornhil at the three Bibles and William Bradley at the three Bibles in the Minories 1670. TO THE Reader Reader I Have here thorough the Instigation of divers Persons in England and elsewhere presented you wi●h a Brief but true Relation of a known unknown part of America The known part which is either inhabited or lieth near the Sea I have described to you and have writ nothing but what I have been an eye-witness to all or the greatest part of it Neither can I safely say was I willing to exceed but was rather willing the place it self should exceed my Commendation which I question not but will be owned by those that shall travel thither For the unknown part which is either some places lying to the Northward yet undiscovered by any English or the Bowels of the earth not yet opened though the Natives tell us of Glittering Stones Diamonds or Pearl in the one and the Dutch hath boasted of Gold and Silver in the other yet I shall not feed your expectation with any thing of that nature but leave it till a better discovery shall make way for such a Relation In the mean time accept of this from him who desireth to deal impartially with every one DANIEL DENTON A Brief Relation OF NEW-YORK With the Places thereunto Adjoyning formerly called THE NEW NETHERLANDS c. THat Tract of Land formerly called The New Netherlands doth Contain all that Land which lieth in the North-parts of America betwixt New-England and Mary-Land in Virginia the length of which Northward into the Countrey as it hath not been fully discovered so it is not certainly known The bredth of it is about two hundred miles The principal Rivers within this Tract are Hudsons River Raritan-River and Delewerhay-River The chief Islands are the Manahatans-Island Long-Island and Staten-Island And first to begin with the Manahatans Island so called by the Indians it lieth within land betwixt the degrees of 41. and 42. of North-latitude and is about 14 miles long and two broad It is bounded with Long-Island on the South with Staten-Island on the West on the North with the Main Land And with Conecticut Colony on the East-side of it only a part of the Main Land belonging to New-York Colony where several Towns and Villages are setled being about thirty miles in bredth doth intercept the Manahatans Island and the Colony of Conecticut before mentioned New-York is setled upon the west-West-end of the aforesaid Island having that small arm of the Sea which divides it from Long-Island on the South-side of it which runs away Eastward to New-England and is Navigable though dangerous For about ten miles from New-York is a place called Hell-Gate which being a narrow passage there runneth a violent stream both upon flood and ebb and in the middle lieth some Islands of Rocks which the Current sets so violently upon that it threatens present shipwrack and upon the Flood is a large Whirlpool which continually sends forth a hideous roaring enough to affright any stranger from passing further and to wait for some Charon to conduct him thorough yet to those that are well acquainted little or no danger yet a place of great defence aga●nst any enemy coming in that way which a small Fortification would absolutely prevent and necessitate them to come in at the West end of Long-Island by Sandy Hook where Nutten-Island doth force them within Command of the Fort at New York which is one of the best Pieces of Defence in the North-parts of America New York is built most of Brick and Stone and covered with red and black Tile and the Land being high it gives at a distance a pleasing Aspect to the spectators The Inhabitants consist most of English and Dutch and have a considerable Trade with the Indians for Bevers Otter Raccoon skins with other Furrs As also for Bear Deer and Elke skins and are supplied with Venison and Fowl in the Winter and Fish in the Summer by the Indians which they buy at an easie rate And having the Countrey round about them they are continually furnished with all such provisions as is needful for the life of man not only by the English and Dutch within their own but likewise by the Adjacent Colonies The Commodities vented from thence is Furs and Skins before-mentioned As likewise Tobacc made within the Colony as good as is usually made in mary-Mary-land Also Horses Beef Pork Oyl Pease Wheat and the like Long-Island the west-West-end of which lies Southward of New-York runs Eastward above one hundred miles and is in some places eight in some twelve in some fourteen miles broad it is inhabited from one end to the other On the West end is four or five Dutch Towns the rest being all Engl●sh to the number of twelve besides Villages and Farm houses The Island is most of it of a very good soyle and very natural for all sorts of English Grain which they sowe and have very good increase of besides all other Fruits and Herbs common in England as also Toba●c● H●mp Flax Pumpkins Melons c. The Fruits natural to the Island are Mulberries Posimons Grapes great and small Huckelberries Cramberries Plums of several sorts Rosberries and Strawberries of which last is such abundance in June that the Fields and Woods are died red Which the Countrey-people perceiving instantly arm themselves with bottles of Wine Cream and Sugar and in stead of a Coat of Male every one takes a Female upon his Horse behind him and so rushing violently into the fields never leave till they have disrob'd them of their red colours and turned them into the old habit The greatest part of the Island is very full of Timber as Oaks white and red Walnut-trees Chesnut-trees which yield store of Mast for Swine and are often therewith sufficiently fatted with Oat-Corn as also Maples Cedars Saxifrage Beach Birch Holly Hazel with many sorts more The Herbs which the Countrey naturally afford are Purslain white Orage Egrimony Violets Penniroyal Alicampane besides Saxaparilla very common with many more Yea in May you shall see the Woods and Fields so curiously bedecke with Roses and an innumerable multitude of delightful Flowers not only pleasing the eye but smell that you may behold Nature contending with Art and striving to equal if not excel many Gardens in England nay did we know the vertue of all those Plants and Herbs growing there which time may more discover many are of opinion and the
they make every one Cloth of for their own wearing as also woollen Cloth and Linsey-woolsey and had they more Tradesmen amongst them they would in a little time live without the help of any other Conntrey for their Clothing For Tradesmen there is none but live happily there as Carpenters Blacksmiths Masons Tailors Weavers Shoomakers Tanners Brickmakers and so any other Trade them that have no Trade betake themselves to Husbandry get Land of their own and live exceeding well Thus have I briefly given you a Relation of New-York with the places thereunto ad●oyning In which if I have err'd it is principally in not giving it its due commendation for besides those earthly blessings where it is stor'd Heaven hath not been wanting to open his Treasure in sending down seasonable showres upon the Earth blessing it with a sweet and pleasant Air and a Continuation of such Influences as tend to the Health both of Man and Beast and the Climate hath such an affinity with that of England that it breeds ordinarily no alteration to those which remove thither that the name of seasoning which is common to some other Countreys hath never there been known That I may say and say truly that if there be any terrestrial happiness to be had by people of all ranks especially of an inferior rank it must certainly be here here any one may furnish himself with land and live rent-free yea with such a quantity of land that he may weary himself with walking over his fields of Corn and all so●ts of Gr●in and ●et his stock of Cattel amount to some hundreds he needs not fear their want of pasture in the Summer or Fodder in the Winter the Woods affording sufficient supply For the Summer-season where you have grass as high as a mans knees nay as high as his waste interlaced with Pea ●ines and other weeds that Cattel much delight in as much as a man can press thorough and these woods also every mile or half-mile are furnished with fresh ponds brooks or rivers where all sorts of Cattel during the heat of the day do quench their thirst and cool themselves these brooks and rivers being invironed of each side with several sorts of trees and Grape-vines the Vines Arbor-like in re-changing places and crossing these rivers does shade and shelter them from the scorching beams of Sols fiery influence Here those which Fortune hath frown'd upon in En●land to deny them an inheritance amongst their Brethren or such as by their utmost labors can scarcely procure a living I say such may procure here inheritances of land and possessions stock themselves with all sorts of Cattel enjoy the benefit of them whilst they live and leave them to the benefit of their children when they die Here you need no trouble the Shambles for meat nor Bakers and Brewers for Beer and Bread nor run to a Linnen-Draper for a supply every one making their own Linnen and a great part of their woollen-cloth for their ordinary wearing And how prodigal if I may so say hath Nature been to furnish the Countrey with all sorts of wilde Beasts and Fowle which every one hath an interest in and may hunt at his pleasure where besides the pleasure in hunting he may furnish his house with excellent fat Venison Turkies Geese Heath-Hens Cranes Swans Ducks Pidgeons and the like and wearied with that he may go a Fish●ng where the Rivers are so furnished that he may supply himself with Fish before he can leave off the Recreation Where you may travel by Land upon the same Continent hundreds of miles and passe thorough Towns and Villages and never hear the least complaint for want nor hear any ask you for a farthing there you may lodge in the fields and woods travel from one end of the Countrey to another with as much security as if you were lockt within your own Chamber And if you chance to meet with an Indian-Town they shall give you the best entertainment they have and upon your desire direct you on your way But that which adds happiness to all the rest is the Healthfulness of the place where many people in twenty years time never know what sickness is where they look upon it as a great mortality if two or three die out of a town in a years time where besides the sweetness of the Air the Countrey it self sends forth such a fragrant smell that it may be perceived at Sea before they can make the Land where no evil fog or vapour doth no sooner appear but a North west or Westerly winde doth immediately dissolve it and drive it away What shall I say more you shall scarce see a house but the South side is begirt with Hives of Bees which increase after an incredible manner That I must needs say that if there be any terrestrial Canaan 't is surely here where the Land floweth with milk and honey The inhabitants are blest with Peace and plenty blessed in their Countrey blessed in their Fields blessed in the Fruit of their bodies in the fruit of their grounds in the increase of their Cattel Horses and Sheep blessed in their Basket and in their Store In a word blessed in whatsoever they take in hand or go about the Earth yieldieg plentiful increase to all their painful labours Were it not to avoid prolixity I could say a great deal more and yet say too little how free are ●hose parts of the world from that pride and oppression with their miserable effects which many nay almost all parts of the world are troubled with being ignorant of that pomp and bravery which aspiring Humours are servants to and striving after almost every where where a Waggon or Cart gives as good content ●s a Coach and a piece of their home made Cloth better then the finest Lawns or richest Silks and though their low roofed houses may seem to shut their doors against pride and luxury yet how do they stand wide open to let charity in and out either to assist each other or relieve a stranger and the distance of place from other N●tions doth secure them from the envious frowns of ill-affected Neighbours and the troubles which usually arise thence Now to conclude its possible some may say what needs a Rela●ion of a place o● so long standing as N●w Yo●k hath been In answer to which I have said something before as to satisfie the desires of many that never had any Relation of it Secondly though it hath been long setled ye● but lately reduced to his Majesties obedience and by that means but new or unknown to the English Else certainly those great number of Furs that have been lately transported from thence into Holland had never past the hands of our English Furriers Thirdly never any Relation before was published to my knowledge and the place being capable of entertaining so great a number of inhabitants where they may with Gods blessing and their own industry live as happily as any people in the world A true Relation was necessary not only for the encouragement of many that have a desire to remove themselves but for the satisfaction of others that would make a trade thither FINIS The Accurate Accomptant or London Merchant Containing an Analysis for Instructions and Directions for a Methodical ke●ping Merchants Accompts by way of Debitor and Creditor very useful for all Merchants or others that desire to learn or teach the Exact Method of keeping Merchants Accompts by Thomas Brown Accomptant To be sold by John Harcock at the first shop in Popes-Head Alley at the sign of the Three Bibles in Cornhil 1670.