say_v he_o be_v inform_v by_o one_o marcus_n polus_n a_o florentine_a and_o other_o that_o he_o find_v out_o by_o his_o skill_n in_o astrology_n that_o there_o be_v vast_a country_n towards_o the_o west_n undiscovered_a these_o his_o thought_n he_o communicate_v first_o to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n then_o to_o henry_n vii_o of_o england_n and_o be_v slight_v by_o they_o both_o come_v to_o the_o court_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n there_o he_o wait_v 7_o year_n and_o at_o last_o after_o the_o subdue_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n obtain_v of_o the_o king_n 3_o ship_n to_o attempt_v this_o discovery_n it_o be_v wonderful_a that_o so_o great_a a_o undertake_n be_v begin_v only_o with_o 17000_o ducat_n which_o the_o king_n be_v force_v to_o borrow_v his_o revenue_n be_v so_o far_o exhaust_v columbus_n set_v sail_n on_o the_o 3d_o of_o august_n from_o palos_n de_fw-fr moguer_n and_o have_v touch_v at_o the_o canary_n after_o several_a day_n sail_v and_o many_o difficulty_n he_o discover_v certain_a island_n which_o he_o call_v the_o prince_n island_n he_o spend_v some_o day_n there_o and_o leave_v some_o of_o his_o company_n in_o a_o fort_n he_o build_v under_o the_o command_n of_o james_n de_fw-fr arana_n return_v to_o spain_n with_o the_o news_n of_o what_o he_o have_v discover_v and_o some_o proof_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o country_n the_o follow_a year_n he_o continue_v to_o discover_v many_o other_o island_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v hispaniola_n and_o cuba_n beside_o he_o coast_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o continent_n as_o well_o towards_o the_o southern_a as_o northern_a pole_n columbus_n die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 1500_o a_o man_n worthy_a of_o immortal_a praise_n he_o be_v make_v admiral_n of_o the_o indies_n and_o duke_n of_o veraguas_fw-la reward_v due_a to_o his_o great_a merit_n several_a other_o continue_v these_o discovery_n as_o well_o during_o his_o life_n as_o after_o his_o death_n among_o these_o americus_n vespusius_n a_o florentine_a by_o order_n of_o emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n in_o the_o year_n 1500_o discover_v all_o brasil_n which_o be_v a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o continent_n after_o much_o of_o the_o northern_a coast_n have_v be_v discover_v by_o several_a person_n vasco_n nunez_n de_fw-fr balboa_n bear_v at_o badajoz_n be_v the_o first_o that_o adventure_v to_o pass_v that_o narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n that_o lie_v between_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_n and_o panama_n and_o so_o come_v to_o the_o south_n sea_n in_o the_o year_n 1513._o these_o discovery_n of_o columbus_n and_o americus_n vespusius_n raise_v a_o controversy_n betwixt_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n and_o portugal_n the_o latter_a pretend_v all_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o new_a world_n appertain_v to_o he_o by_o grant_n of_o several_a pope_n and_o particular_o of_o eugenius_n iv._o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n plead_v a_o bull_n of_o pope_n alexander_n vi_o in_o the_o year_n 1493_o which_o assign_v to_o he_o all_o the_o land_n to_o the_o westward_n of_o a_o imaginary_a line_n discovery_n draw_v 100_o league_n beyond_o the_o island_n of_o cabo_n verde_n this_o grant_n be_v afterward_o alter_v by_o another_o which_o ordain_v the_o say_a line_n to_o be_v draw_v 370_o league_n far_o towards_o the_o west_n to_o the_o end_n that_o brasil_n may_v fall_v within_o the_o portague_n limit_n hierome_n ozorio_n bishop_n of_o silve_n in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n emanuel_n affirm_v the_o say_a line_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v draw_v 36_o degree_n west_n of_o the_o meridian_n of_o lisbon_n upon_o this_o determination_n be_v ground_v another_o dispute_n the_o castillian_n pretend_v that_o the_o molucco_n island_n whence_o the_o spice_n be_v bring_v fall_v within_o their_o limit_n as_o be_v within_o that_o half_a of_o the_o world_n assign_v they_o all_o this_o the_o portuguese_n deny_v and_o each_o party_n bring_v argument_n to_o make_v good_a their_o assertion_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o ferdinand_n magallanes_n a_o portague_n be_v disgu_v because_o his_o king_n do_v not_o reward_v his_o service_n do_v in_o india_n persuade_v the_o emperor_n charles_n v._o grandson_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n that_o a_o new_a way_n may_v be_v find_v to_o the_o moluco_n island_n by_o the_o south_n west_n he_o have_v 5_o ship_n give_v he_o for_o this_o enterprise_n and_o sail_v from_o sevil_n in_o the_o year_n 1519._o have_v touch_v at_o the_o canary_n he_o coast_v all_o along_o brasil_n and_o find_v a_o straight_a in_o 53_o degree_n of_o south_n latitude_n which_o of_o he_o be_v call_v the_o straight_a of_o magellan_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o that_o straight_a one_o of_o the_o ship_n strike_v upon_o a_o rock_n and_o be_v lose_v another_o weary_a of_o that_o long_a voyage_n steal_v away_o by_o night_n and_o return_v to_o sevil._n with_o the_o rest_n he_o pass_v the_o straight_a and_o be_v himself_o with_o some_o of_o his_o companion_n kill_v in_o a_o island_n call_v zubu_n those_o that_o be_v leave_v be_v too_o few_o to_o man_n all_o the_o ship_n burn_v one_o and_o with_o the_o other_o two_o come_v to_o the_o moluco_n island_n they_o load_v in_o the_o island_n of_o tidore_n but_o one_o of_o they_o be_v very_o leaky_a be_v lose_v the_o other_o come_v round_o by_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n at_o last_o arrive_v at_o sevil_n 3_o year_n after_o his_o departure_n the_o ship_n be_v call_v the_o victory_n the_o master_n john_n sebastian_n canon_n a_o biscainer_n who_o name_n ought_v never_o to_o be_v forget_v as_o be_v the_o first_o that_o sail_v round_o the_o world_n many_o afterward_o attempt_v that_o same_o voyage_n but_o the_o profit_n not_o answer_v the_o trouble_v it_o be_v lay_v aside_o as_o also_o because_o king_n john_n of_o portugal_n lend_v the_o emperor_n charles_n v._n 350000_o ducat_n upon_o condition_n he_o and_o his_o heir_n shall_v desist_v from_o that_o undertake_n till_o the_o money_n be_v repay_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o that_o neck_n of_o land_n which_o we_o have_v say_v lie_v between_o the_o north_n and_o south_n sea_n be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o new_a spain_n and_o the_o city_n mexico_n its_o metropolis_n seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o lake_n over_o this_o and_o many_o other_o large_a province_n and_o kingdom_n reign_v the_o mighty_a emperor_n montezuma_n who_o ferdinand_n cortes_n in_o the_o year_n 1520_o with_o wonderful_a resolution_n apprehend_v and_o make_v prisoner_n in_o his_o own_o palace_n he_o be_v kill_v accidental_o by_o a_o stone_n cast_v at_o a_o window_n where_o he_o be_v look_v out_o to_o appease_v his_o people_n cortes_n bring_v those_o vast_a province_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o charles_n the_o emperor_n gain_v himself_o eternal_a honour_n and_o leave_v to_o his_o successor_n the_o marquis_n del_o valle_n a_o great_a estate_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mexico_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o that_o neck_n of_o land_n francis_n pizarro_n in_o the_o year_n 1525_o discover_v the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n and_o 6_o year_n after_o conquer_a it_o take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n atabalipa_n lord_n of_o that_o country_n this_o be_v the_o rich_a country_n for_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n hitherto_o discover_v insomuch_o that_o all_o the_o utensil_n of_o those_o people_n even_o to_o their_o pot_n and_o kettle_n be_v of_o these_o precious_a metal_n pizarro_n share_v not_o the_o vast_a booty_n he_o get_v there_o fair_o with_o james_n de_fw-fr almagro_n his_o principal_a companion_n in_o that_o conquest_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o man_n and_o yet_o the_o mean_a soldier_n be_v part_n come_v to_o 9000_o ducat_n which_o be_v the_o rich_a plunder_n ever_o take_v till_o that_o time_n his_o force_n be_v about_o 300_o man_n who_o in_o battle_n overthrow_v above_o 100000_o indian_n riches_n and_o plenty_n produce_v pride_n and_o insolence_n for_o ferdinand_n brother_n to_o francis_n pizarro_n understand_v that_o almagro_n open_o complain_v of_o the_o wrong_n do_v he_o and_o meditate_a revenge_n he_o murder_v he_o a_o bastard_n son_n of_o almagro_n who_o he_o have_v by_o a_o indian_a and_o who_o name_n be_v james_n assaulted_z the_o house_n of_o francis_n pizarro_n in_o the_o city_n of_o lima_n and_o kill_v he_o in_o revenge_n of_o his_o father_n this_o be_v a_o bold_a attempt_n and_o to_o punish_v it_o the_o governor_n christopher_n vaca_n de_fw-fr castro_n join_v with_o gonçalo_n pizarro_n another_o brother_n of_o the_o say_v francis_n and_o with_o their_o force_n overthrow_v and_o kill_v the_o say_a james_n this_o victory_n and_o his_o great_a riches_n so_o puff_v up_o gonçalo_n pizarro_n that_o he_o attempt_v to_o make_v himself_o absolute_a lord_n of_o that_o country_n blasco_n nunez_n vela_n be_v send_v by_o the_o emperor_n from_o spain_n to_o be_v viceroy_n of_o peru_n he_o the_o rebellious_a spaniard_n take_v prisoner_n and_o put_v
that_o vast_a ocean_n to_o refresh_v the_o seaman_n with_o its_o fruit_n fish_n and_o flesh_n though_o scarce_o inhabit_a be_v but_o four_o league_n in_o length_n and_o so_o far_o from_o any_o land_n thence_o by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o island_n terceras_fw-la the_o ship_n general_o return_v to_o lisbon_n in_o august_n or_o september_n the_o end_n of_o the_o 26_o book_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n book_n xxvii_o chap._n i._n the_o death_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o castille_n of_o charles_n viii_o king_n of_o france_n match_n of_o two_o daughter_n of_o spain_n the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n expel_v naples_n france_n and_o spain_n agree_v hierome_n savonarola_n burn_v at_o florence_n the_o affair_n of_o spain_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n prosper_v in_o italy_n and_o within_o spain_n have_v a_o mixture_n of_o felicity_n and_o adversity_n two_o match_n for_o as_o many_o of_o king_n ferdinand_n match_v daughter_n be_v conclude_v that_o be_v of_o the_o princess_n catherine_n with_o arthur_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o heir_n to_o henry_n vii_o king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n with_o emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n these_o marriage_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n because_o together_o with_o those_o of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n they_o bind_v such_o mighty_a prince_n to_o the_o interest_n of_o spain_n the_o match_n with_o england_n be_v full_o conclude_v upon_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n 1497._o to_o forward_o the_o marriage_n with_o portugal_n d._n john_n manuel_n that_o king_n foster-brother_n come_v to_o 1497._o castille_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n shall_v carry_v the_o princess_n their_o daughter_n to_o the_o border_n of_o portugal_n where_o king_n emanuel_n shall_v meet_v they_o to_o consummate_v the_o marriage_n upon_o the_o last_o day_n of_o september_n ceclamin_n be_v at_o first_o the_o place_n appoint_v to_o meet_v but_o that_o town_n want_v conveniency_n they_o spend_v three_o day_n together_o at_o valencia_n de_fw-fr alcantara_n their_o joy_n be_v much_o abate_v by_o the_o news_n of_o the_o indisposition_n of_o prince_n john_n who_o die_v the_o 13_o day_n after_o he_o be_v take_v ill_o at_o salamanca_n on_o the_o four_o of_o october_n to_o the_o die_v great_a loss_n and_o grief_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n he_o leave_v the_o princess_n with_o child_n but_o that_o avail_v little_a for_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o she_o miscarry_v the_o prince_n body_n be_v carry_v to_o avila_n to_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o famous_a dominican_n monastery_n of_o s._n thomas_n this_o dismal_a news_n come_v to_o alcantara_n whilst_o yet_o the_o rejoice_v for_o the_o wedding_n last_v but_o after_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v go_v king_n emanuel_n beg_v of_o the_o queen_n his_o mother-in-law_n not_o to_o let_v the_o queen_n his_o wife_n know_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o and_o so_o go_v away_o with_o she_o to_o ebora_n there_o she_o be_v at_o last_o acquaint_v with_o the_o death_n of_o the_o prince_n her_o brother_n she_o resent_v it_o as_o become_v a_o love_a sister_n but_o his_o parent_n bear_v their_o loss_n with_o great_a magnanimity_n the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n be_v not_o yet_o peaceable_a because_o the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n and_o his_o party_n mistrust_v the_o king_n fortify_v their_o town_n and_o castle_n the_o first_o demonstration_n that_o prince_n give_v of_o his_o ill-will_a be_v that_o though_o he_o appear_v when_o king_n frederick_n be_v proclaim_v at_o naples_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o be_v present_a at_o his_o coronation_n under_o colour_n of_o poverty_n however_o the_o prince_n of_o basiniano_n come_v to_o court_v the_o day_n follow_v to_o excuse_v himself_o and_o intercede_v for_o he_o of_o salerno_n no_o mean_n of_o peace_n prevail_v and_o the_o king_n be_v force_v to_o march_v with_o his_o army_n and_o besiege_v he_o in_o his_o strong_a town_n of_o diano_n gonçalo_n fernandez_n be_v now_o about_o return_v to_o spain_n as_o reckon_v the_o war_n of_o naples_n at_o a_o end_n to_o this_o purpose_n he_o have_v go_v into_o calabria_n thence_o to_o sicily_n and_o now_o come_v to_o naples_n to_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n they_o press_v he_o to_o aid_v they_o in_o that_o siege_n because_o the_o defendant_n be_v numerous_a and_o the_o king_n party_n favour_v they_o the_o great_a captain_n gather_v 500_o spaniard_n and_o the_o king_n furnish_v he_o 500_o german_n naples_n he_o so_o straighten_a the_o besiege_a though_o with_o much_o danger_n of_o his_o person_n that_o the_o prince_n be_v force_v to_o surrender_v it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o prince_n with_o all_o such_o as_o will_v follow_v he_o may_v safe_o depart_v the_o kingdom_n with_o their_o good_n that_o all_o the_o town_n and_o fort_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o king_n he_o pay_v for_o the_o cannon_n and_o provision_n in_o they_o thus_o diano_n be_v surrender_v upon_o the_o 28_o of_o december_n and_o the_o prince_n put_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o melfi_n to_o be_v conduct_v to_o sangalla_n a_o city_n in_o marca_n de_fw-fr ancona_n which_o side_v with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n the_o earl_n of_o conça_n and_o lauria_fw-la his_o confederate_n bear_v he_o company_n he_o of_o capacho_n be_v very_o old_a put_v himself_o upon_o the_o king_n mercy_n this_o same_o year_n in_o autumn_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr gusman_n duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n send_v a_o fleet_n over_o to_o africa_n to_o people_n melilla_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o almeria_n and_o have_v be_v abandon_v by_o the_o moor_n in_o recompense_n for_o the_o charge_n he_o have_v be_v at_o that_o town_n be_v give_v to_o the_o duke_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o the_o xeque_n or_o lord_n of_o gelve_n who_o be_v in_o rebellion_n against_o the_o king_n of_o tunez_n his_o sovereign_n to_o secure_v himself_o under_o the_o christian_a protection_n deliver_v up_o that_o island_n and_o port_n to_o the_o catholic_n king_n and_o in_o his_o name_n to_o john_n de_fw-fr lanuça_n than_o viceroy_n of_o sicily_n captain_n margarit_n be_v leave_v with_o the_o spanish_a force_n to_o secure_v that_o island_n a_o solemn_a embassy_n from_o france_n now_o meet_v the_o king_n at_o alcala_n de_fw-fr henares_n the_o proposal_n spain_n make_v be_v that_o the_o two_o king_n with_o their_o joint_a force_n shall_v invade_v italy_n that_o as_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o catholic_n king_n shall_v possess_v calabria_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o french_a king_n in_o exchange_n shall_v give_v he_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n and_o 30000_o ducat_n yearly_a for_o what_o it_o be_v worth_a above_o that_o kingdom_n that_o the_o state_n of_o milan_n and_o genoa_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o french_a and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o italy_n be_v equal_o divide_v betwixt_o they_o the_o catholic_n king_n be_v not_o averse_a from_o the_o business_n of_o naples_n but_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o italy_n will_v not_o be_v concern_v without_o advertise_v the_o empire_n who_o have_v so_o great_a a_o right_a to_o it_o at_o last_o it_o be_v resolve_v king_n ferdinand_n shall_v send_v ambassador_n to_o france_n to_o prosecute_v this_o treaty_n at_o this_o time_n all_o the_o monastery_n of_o castille_n be_v reduce_v to_o the_o strict_a observance_n of_o their_o order_n which_o the_o dominican_n augustins_n and_o carmelites_n easy_o condescend_v to_o the_o franciscan_n at_o first_o make_v some_o resistance_n according_a to_o agreement_n the_o king_n send_v ferdinand_n duke_n of_o estrada_n and_o two_o other_o his_o ambassador_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o france_n at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v believe_v the_o french_a king_n resolve_v to_o invade_v roussillon_n but_o death_n prevent_v his_o design_n he_o depart_v this_o life_n at_o amboise_n on_o the_o 17_o of_o april_n 1498._o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n call_v luis_n xii_o succeed_v 1498._o he_o at_o blois_n where_o the_o new_a king_n be_v and_o afterward_o at_o orleans_n the_o treaty_n of_o he_o peace_n be_v carry_v on_o that_o king_n always_o give_v good_a word_n and_o fair_a promise_n only_o to_o gain_v time_n till_o he_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o can_v be_v divorce_v from_o his_o present_a wife_n sister_n to_o the_o late_a king_n in_o order_n to_o marry_v the_o duchess_n of_o brittany_n who_o since_o the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a king_n her_o husband_n be_v for_o return_v into_o her_o own_o country_n he_o at_o last_o compass_v his_o end_n and_o have_v by_o that_o duchess_n two_o daughter_n only_o the_o elder_a of_o which_o be_v marry_v to_o francis_n the_o heir_n of_o that_o crown_n before_o the_o death_n of_o king_n charles_n it_o be_v propose_v that_o caesar_n borgia_n shall_v resign_v his_o cardinal_n cap_n to_o which_o purpose_n that_o king_n promise_v he_o a_o estate_n in_o
brother-in-law_n pygmalion_n to_o murder_v he_o this_o voyage_n be_v for_o some_o time_n lay_v aside_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o death_n of_o sichaeus_n pygmalion_n set_v out_o with_o a_o fleet_n from_o tyre_n and_o land_v among_o the_o turduli_n that_o be_v in_o andaluzia_n at_o the_o place_n where_o now_o stand_v almunecar_n he_o build_v a_o town_n for_o the_o security_n of_o trade_n call_v it_o axis_n or_o exis_fw-la and_o return_v home_o with_o much_o treasure_n make_v afterward_o several_a voyage_n till_o he_o come_v as_o far_o as_o cadiz_n which_o island_n before_o call_v erythrea_n from_o that_o time_n be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o gadira_n that_o be_v a_o bulwark_n either_o in_o respect_n it_o be_v the_o bulwark_n of_o spain_n against_o the_o swell_a sea_n or_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o fortification_n raise_v by_o the_o phoenicians_n they_o also_o build_v a_o temple_n to_o hercules_n on_o that_o point_n of_o land_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o continent_n and_o be_v thence_o call_v promontorium_n herculeum_n the_o phoenicians_n grow_v rich_a with_o the_o trade_n of_o spain_n and_o have_v build_v malaga_n and_o abdera_n think_v of_o nothing_o less_o than_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o whole_a country_n at_o this_o same_o time_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v lay_v hezekiah_n reign_v in_o jerusalem_n after_o salmanasar_n king_n of_o the_o assyrian_n have_v extirpate_v the_o kingdom_n of_o israel_n this_o be_v the_o same_o salamanasor_n who_o lay_v siege_n to_o jerusalem_n and_o design_v to_o conquer_v the_o whole_a world_n go_v with_o a_o mighty_a army_n into_o egypt_n where_o he_o be_v overthrow_v by_o taracho_n king_n of_o egypt_n and_o aethiopia_n taracho_n after_o that_o victory_n subdue_v many_o kingdom_n strabo_n testify_v he_o pass_v over_o into_o europe_n and_o our_o historian_n say_v he_o come_v into_o spain_n where_o not_o far_o from_o the_o river_n ebro_n he_o build_v the_o city_n tarragona_n which_o the_o scipio_n long_a after_o rebuilt_a and_o make_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o spain_n which_o give_v occasion_n not_o only_o to_o the_o ignorant_a but_o to_o learned_a author_n and_o among_o they_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n to_o attribute_v the_o foundation_n of_o it_o to_o they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o queen_n dido_n the_o power_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n increase_v by_o sea_n and_o land_n their_o chief_a aim_n be_v to_o extend_v their_o empire_n in_o europe_n to_o this_o end_n they_o attempt_v undertake_n sicily_n sardinia_n and_o corsica_n but_o be_v repulse_v by_o the_o native_n think_v fit_a to_o try_v their_o fortune_n upon_o lesser_a island_n in_o order_n hereunto_o direct_v their_o course_n towards_o spain_n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o iviça_n which_o be_v a_o island_n gird_v with_o rock_n and_o difficult_a of_o access_n unless_o towards_o the_o south_n where_o be_v a_o large_a and_o spacious_a harbour_n this_o island_n be_v opposite_a to_o cape_n denia_n about_o 100_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n it_o be_v small_a be_v not_o above_o 20_o mile_n in_o circumference_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v wild_a and_o cover_v with_o wood_n of_o pinetree_n whence_o the_o greek_n call_v it_o pytuissa_n it_o produce_v great_a plenty_n of_o salt_n the_o air_n be_v temperate_a and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n such_o it_o do_v not_o only_o breed_v no_o vermin_n or_o venomous_a creature_n but_o if_o any_o be_v bring_v thither_o they_o present_o die_v this_o be_v the_o more_o wonderful_a for_o that_o as_o ancient_a cosmographer_n affirm_v near_o it_o be_v another_o island_n not_o habitable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o snake_n and_o poisonous_a animal_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v ophiusa_n that_o be_v island_n of_o snake_n we_o can_v certain_o determine_v which_o island_n this_o shall_v be_v at_o present_a some_o say_v it_o be_v formentera_n because_o but_o two_o mile_n from_o iviça_n other_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v dragonera_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o likeness_n of_o the_o name_n the_o most_o learned_a be_v of_o opinion_n that_o a_o mountain_n call_v colubre_n join_v to_o the_o continent_n and_o opposite_a to_o peniscola_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a ophiusa_n and_o in_o latin_a colubraria_n notwithstanding_o ancient_a geographer_n place_v their_o ophiusa_n near_o to_o iviça_n the_o carthaginian_n be_v possess_v of_o iviça_n and_o have_v build_v there_o a_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n resolve_v next_o to_o attempt_n majorca_n and_o minorca_n distant_a 30_o mile_n from_o one_o another_o and_o 60_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n the_o greek_n sometime_o call_v they_o gynesiae_n by_o reason_n the_o inhabitant_n go_v naked_a and_o other_o while_n baleares_n for_o their_o skill_n in_o cast_v stone_n with_o sling_n but_o in_o particular_a the_o great_a be_v call_v clumba_n and_o the_o lesser_a nura_n as_o antoninus_n testify_v and_o from_o he_o florian._n before_o they_o will_v attempt_v to_o land_n the_o carthaginian_n go_v round_o these_o island_n to_o view_v all_o their_o creek_n and_o harbour_n and_o be_v terrify_v by_o the_o island_n fierceness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v lose_v some_o of_o their_o forward_a man_n that_o dare_v go_v a_o shore_n they_o despair_v of_o success_n there_o and_o stoodover_v for_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n with_o a_o design_n to_o make_v discovery_n and_o gain_v some_o foot_n there_o but_o with_o little_a success_n for_o the_o people_n of_o saguntum_n foresee_v the_o danger_n of_o such_o neighbour_n persuade_v the_o native_n to_o have_v no_o commerce_n with_o they_o which_o together_o with_o the_o distress_n of_o their_o own_o country_n at_o that_o time_n labour_v under_o civil_a broil_n and_o set_v upon_o by_o the_o neighbour_a african_n oblige_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o return_v home_o where_o to_o appease_v their_o god_n they_o institute_v a_o inhuman_a sacrifice_n of_o youngman_n which_o be_v afterward_o use_v in_o spain_n with_o such_o rigour_n that_o in_o their_o great_a distress_n they_o think_v none_o a_o sufficient_a sacrifice_n but_o the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n a_o custom_n take_v from_o the_o moabite_n and_o sometime_o practise_v by_o the_o idolatrous_a jew_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o age_n of_o argantonius_n the_o phoenicians_n attempt_v to_o subdue_v all_o spain_n but_o be_v repulse_v send_v for_o aid_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o ravage_n the_o country_n but_o sustain_v great_a loss_n from_o the_o native_n about_o the_o year_n 620_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n and_o 132_o after_o the_o building_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o age_n of_o argantonius_n king_n of_o the_o tartessi_fw-it who_o according_a to_o silius_n italicus_n account_n 132._o age._n live_v 300_o year_n pliny_n out_o of_o anacreon_n assign_v he_o 150._o to_o he_o for_o his_o great_a skill_n in_o war_n and_o long_a experience_n the_o people_n commit_v the_o government_n hope_v by_o his_o courage_n and_o conduct_n to_o be_v able_a to_o oppose_v the_o design_n of_o the_o phoenicians_n who_o have_v now_o lay_v aside_o their_o mask_n and_o open_o aim_v at_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o all_o spain_n have_v to_o this_o effect_n pass_v over_o from_o cadiz_n to_o the_o continent_n they_o use_v policy_n as_o well_o as_o strength_n sow_v dissension_n among_o the_o native_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o several_a place_n the_o native_n gather_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o king_n argantonius_n not_o only_o check_v the_o phoenicians_n but_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n of_o betica_n or_o andaluzia_n and_o even_o out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n a_o thing_n the_o more_o likely_a for_o that_o many_o be_v go_v before_o to_o the_o relief_n of_o their_o own_o country_n the_o city_n of_o tyre_n be_v then_o besiege_a by_o the_o mighty_a king_n nabuchadnezzar_n after_o he_o have_v take_v jerusalem_n this_o relief_n that_o go_v from_o cadiz_n get_v into_o tyre_n be_v the_o cause_n it_o hold_v out_o four_o year_n and_o nabuchadnezzar_n be_v call_v away_o into_o egypt_n raise_v the_o siege_n and_o have_v subdue_v the_o great_a part_n of_o africa_n resolve_v spain_n to_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n as_o well_o to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o riches_n of_o that_o country_n as_o to_o take_v revenge_n for_o the_o relief_n send_v thence_o to_o tyre_n he_o land_v his_o army_n near_o the_o pyrenean_n and_o from_o thence_o without_o any_o opposition_n range_v all_o the_o country_n over_o till_o he_o come_v to_o cadiz_n josephus_n say_v he_o conquer_a all_o spain_n the_o native_n take_v courage_n begin_v to_o make_v head_n the_o king_n fear_v to_o tempt_v fortune_n and_o satisfy_v that_o he_o have_v stretch_v his_o empire_n to_o the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o the_o earth_n load_v with_o riches_n return_v home_o in_o the_o year_n 171._o after_o the_o building_n of_o rome_n this_o come_n
portugal_n give_v viriatus_n a_o great_a overthrow_n but_o he_o gather_v his_o force_n return_v upon_o he_o with_o such_o vigour_n that_o the_o victor_n have_v receive_v much_o damage_n though_o it_o be_v the_o middle_n of_o autumn_n be_v glad_a to_o retire_v to_o cordova_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v winter_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o without_o take_v any_o care_n of_o the_o spaniard_n their_o confederate_n or_o the_o other_o roman_n who_o be_v in_o weak_a garrison_n and_o leave_v expose_v to_o eminent_a danger_n metellus_n subdue_v the_o celtiberi_fw-la pliny_n say_v he_o overcome_v the_o arevaci_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v continue_v in_o his_o command_n the_o year_n 612._o and_o the_o consul_n q._n fabius_n servilius_n be_v send_v against_o viriatus_n with_o 18000_o foot_n and_o 1500_o horse_n beside_o those_o force_n micipsa_n the_o son_n of_o massinissa_n send_v he_o 10_o elephant_n and_o 300_o horse_n out_o of_o africa_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o mighty_a army_n join_v to_o what_o be_v before_o under_o the_o roman_a pay_n viriatus_n who_o lie_v hide_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o andaluzia_n with_o frequent_a excursion_n do_v 612._o great_a damage_n and_o obtain_v many_o advantage_n till_o the_o roman_n remove_v their_o camp_n to_o utica_n viriatus_n former_o a_o city_n of_o andaluzia_n then_o viriatus_n for_o want_n of_o provision_n retire_v with_o his_o army_n into_o lusitania_n the_o consul_n be_v rid_v of_o that_o danger_n march_v to_o the_o cunei_n where_o he_o overcome_v two_o captain_n of_o robber_n call_v curio_n and_o apuleyus_fw-la and_o carry_v some_o town_n by_o force_n that_o be_v hold_v for_o viriatus_n with_o strong_a garrison_n a_o great_a booty_n be_v take_v and_o a_o multitude_n of_o prisoner_n 500_o whereof_o that_o be_v find_v most_o guilty_a he_o put_v to_o death_n 10000_o more_o be_v sell_v as_o slave_n metellus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n gain_v much_o honour_n by_o entire_o reduce_v the_o celtiberi_n and_o take_v the_o famous_a city_n contrebia_n versobriga_n and_o centobriga_n then_o hear_v that_o the_o consul_n quintus_fw-la pompeius_n be_v appoint_v to_o succeed_v he_o he_o be_v so_o offend_v at_o it_o that_o to_o weaken_v his_o force_n he_o dismiss_v the_o soldier_n neglect_v the_o magazine_n and_o starve_v the_o elephant_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o triumph_n he_o have_v otherwise_o well_o deserve_v be_v refuse_v he_o at_o rome_n q._n pompeius_n come_v to_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 613._o servilianus_n be_v continue_v by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o his_o command_n where_o he_o receive_v into_o favour_n canoba_n a_o captain_n of_o 613._o robber_n who_o submit_v himself_o and_o force_v viriatus_n who_o lie_v before_o the_o city_n vacia_n to_o raise_v spain_n his_o siege_n and_o fly_v away_o whereupon_o many_o neighbour_a town_n submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o as_o he_o be_v active_a and_o vigilant_a so_o be_v he_o no_o less_o severe_a or_o rather_o cruel_a for_o he_o cut_v off_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o canoba_n man_n and_o 500_o other_o prisoner_n because_o they_o have_v desert_v from_o his_o camp_n this_o action_n in_o stead_n of_o terrify_v the_o native_n put_v they_o upon_o desperate_a counsel_n the_o roman_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n erisana_n viriatus_n without_o be_v discover_v get_v in_o by_o night_n and_o the_o next_o morning_n make_v such_o a_o furious_a sally_n that_o he_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o flight_n kill_v many_o of_o they_o those_o that_o escape_v draw_v up_o in_o a_o place_n of_o no_o strength_n where_o they_o be_v in_o great_a they_o danger_n of_o perish_v but_o viriatus_n lay_v hold_v of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o obtain_v a_o advantageous_a peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v and_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o roman_n save_v their_o life_n viriatus_n be_v call_v a_o friend_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o all_o that_o his_o man_n have_v plunder_v be_v allow_v they_o a_o great_a shame_n and_o dishonour_n to_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n quintus_fw-la pompeius_n hold_v the_o government_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la two_o year_n but_o because_o the_o province_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o metellus_n have_v leave_v all_o thing_n in_o disorder_n have_v not_o the_o opportunity_n of_o do_v any_o action_n of_o note_n on_o the_o contrary_a servilius_n who_o by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n have_v vacate_v the_o peace_n he_o make_v before_o near_o the_o city_n arsa_n put_v viriatus_n to_o the_o rout_n and_o pursue_v he_o viriatus_n into_o carpetania_n where_o by_o a_o stratagem_n he_o get_v away_o he_o draw_v out_o his_o man_n as_o if_o intend_v to_o give_v battle_n place_v his_o horse_n in_o the_o front_n and_o whilst_o the_o roman_n be_v form_v their_o body_n cause_v his_o foot_n to_o slip_v away_o through_o the_o wood_n that_o be_v near_o that_o do_v the_o horse_n with_o the_o same_o swiftness_n get_v off_o the_o consul_n despair_v of_o take_v so_o subtle_a a_o enemy_n march_v to_o the_o vectones_n in_o estremadura_n and_o thence_o without_o stop_v into_o galicia_n where_o all_o be_v in_o disorder_n and_o full_a of_o murder_n and_o robbery_n viriatus_n tire_v with_o so_o last_a a_o war_n and_o fear_v his_o man_n shall_v make_v their_o peace_n with_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n send_v three_o ambassador_n to_o treat_v with_o the_o consul_n the_o mean_v he_o choose_v to_o secure_v himself_o prove_v his_o ruin_n for_o servilius_n corrupt_v the_o ambassador_n who_o at_o their_o return_n murder_v viriatus_n as_o he_o lie_v sleep_v his_o funeral_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o tear_n of_o his_o soldier_n afterward_o with_o sport_n and_o the_o viriatus_n sacrifice_n of_o much_o cattle_n the_o murderer_n petition_v the_o senate_n at_o rome_n for_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o service_n receive_v answer_v that_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o approve_v of_o soldier_n kill_v their_o general_n to_o viriatus_n succeed_v in_o the_o command_n one_o tantalus_n but_o he_o not_o be_v of_o equal_a authority_n valour_n and_o conduct_v soon_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o consul_n and_o be_v receive_v to_o grace_n these_o and_o the_o other_o lusitani_n be_v disarm_v and_o land_n allot_v they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o tilling_n and_o the_o care_n of_o their_o cattle_n they_o may_v be_v more_o inclinable_a to_o live_v in_o subjection_n and_o want_v the_o power_n of_o revolt_a chap._n iii_o the_o second_o war_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o numantia_n the_o consul_n mancinus_n conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o that_o people_n and_o be_v therefore_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o scipio_n africanus_n send_v against_o they_o the_o city_n destroy_v the_o very_a year_n that_o viriatus_n be_v murder_v by_o his_o own_o man_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 614._o the_o numantian_o again_o revolt_a the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v thus_o metellus_n have_v subdue_v the_o 614._o celtiberi_n there_o remain_v only_o the_o numantian_o and_o termestini_n who_o by_o former_a treaty_n be_v revolt_v declare_v friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o consequent_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n the_o termestini_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v about_o nine_o league_n from_o numantia_n where_o now_o stand_v a_o chapel_n call_v of_o our_o lady_n of_o tiermes_n pompey_n intend_v to_o bring_v they_o under_o subjection_n take_v for_o a_o pretence_n to_o fall_v out_o with_o they_o that_o they_o have_v receive_v into_o their_o city_n the_o segedani_n who_o have_v side_v with_o viriatus_n segeda_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v among_o the_o beli_n and_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v a_o town_n betwixt_o soria_n and_o osma_n believe_v to_o be_v the_o remnant_n of_o that_o city_n this_o crime_n be_v not_o great_a yet_o the_o numantian_o send_v ambassador_n to_o excuse_v it_o who_o pompey_n turn_v back_o with_o disgrace_n still_o the_o numantian_o send_v other_o renounce_v their_o friendship_n with_o the_o segedani_n and_o desire_v to_o renew_v the_o peace_n and_o alliance_n they_o have_v make_v with_o gracchus_n pompey_n reply_v it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o treat_v of_o peace_n unless_o they_o lay_v down_o their_o arms._n all_o hope_n of_o a_o accommodation_n be_v thus_o out_o off_o the_o numantian_o provide_v for_o war_n and_o to_o this_o effect_n raise_v 8000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n a_o small_a number_n but_o of_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n megara_n a_o man_n of_o great_a experience_n be_v appoint_v to_o command_v these_o men._n pompey_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o encamp_v near_o numantia_n with_o 30000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n the_o numantian_o keep_v they_o in_o continual_a alarm_n yet_o so_o that_o they_o always_o avoid_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n which_o pompey_n perceive_v sit_v down_o before_o termancia_n whence_o he_o be_v also_o force_v to_o retire_v in_o great_a disorder_n by_o a_o sally_n the_o besiege_a make_v next_o day_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n the_o
before_o that_o part_n of_o their_o camp_n where_o the_o king_n tent_n stand_v be_v hem_v in_o with_o chain_n of_o iron_n and_o guard_v by_o the_o brave_a and_o noble_a moor_n the_o number_n of_o the_o other_o be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o cover_v all_o the_o hill_n and_o plain_n on_o both_o side_n the_o general_n encourage_v their_o man_n and_o our_o bishop_n go_v through_o the_o batallion_n stir_v up_o the_o soldier_n to_o gain_v the_o indulgence_n grant_v by_o the_o pope_n this_o do_v both_o party_n charge_v with_o great_a resolution_n no_o sign_n of_o victory_n appear_v on_o either_o side_n for_o a_o long_a time_n every_o man_n fight_v with_o such_o resolution_n as_o if_o he_o have_v contend_v for_o empire_n our_o main_a battle_n engage_v first_o than_o the_o navarrois_fw-mi and_o aragonianns_n without_o gain_v a_o foot_n of_o ground_n but_o rather_o after_o three_o charge_n seem_v to_o give_v way_n then_o king_n alonso_n will_v have_v cast_v himself_o into_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fight_n but_o that_o roderick_n the_o archbishop_n stop_v he_o the_o rear_n or_o reserve_v advance_v the_o fight_n be_v renew_v and_o those_o that_o seem_v to_o waver_v before_o fall_v on_o with_o great_a fury_n at_o length_n the_o moor_n tire_v with_o sustain_v the_o brunt_n all_o day_n and_o not_o able_a to_o withstand_v our_o reserve_n which_o power_v in_o fresh_a upon_o they_o flee_v and_o a_o mighty_a slaughter_n of_o they_o be_v make_v 200000_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v slay_v half_a of_o they_o horse_n other_o battle_n write_v but_o half_a the_o number_n in_o all_o it_o be_v more_o wonderful_a that_o of_o the_o christian_n only_o 25_o be_v kill_v as_o roderick_n the_o archbishop_n then_o present_a testify_v other_o affirm_v 115_o die_v both_o small_a number_n for_o so_o great_a a_o action_n the_o archbishop_n also_o assert_n that_o though_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o moor_n be_v slay_v there_o be_v not_o one_o drop_n of_o blood_n to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o field_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o zeit_n his_o brother_n the_o moorish_a king_n flee_v without_o stop_v only_o to_o change_v horse_n till_o he_o come_v the_o same_o night_n to_o jaen_n about_o sunset_n their_o camp_n be_v enter_v and_o plunder_v by_o the_o arragonian_n for_o the_o other_o follow_v the_o chase_n all_o the_o moorish_a king_n equipage_n which_o only_o be_v preserve_v james_n de_fw-fr haro_n equal_o divide_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o navarre_n particular_o his_o tent_n which_o be_v of_o red_a and_o crimson-silk_n be_v by_o king_n alonso_n special_a command_n give_v to_o the_o aragonian_a for_o king_n alonso_n covet_v nothing_o but_o honour_n free_o resign_v all_o the_o booty_n to_o his_o companion_n it_o be_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o have_v the_o other_o prey_n equal_o divide_v for_o fear_v of_o a_o mutiny_n but_o every_o man_n be_v allow_v to_o keep_v what_o he_o have_v get_v some_o say_v that_o a_o cross_n see_v in_o the_o air_n contribute_v much_o towards_o the_o gain_n of_o this_o victory_n but_o neither_o the_o archbishop_n who_o be_v present_a in_o his_o history_n nor_o the_o king_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n mention_v any_o such_o thing_n yet_o all_o agree_v that_o pascualis_fw-la than_o a_o canon_n of_o toledo_n and_o who_o carry_v the_o archbishop_n cross_n before_o he_o break_v twice_o through_o the_o enemy_n battle_n with_o it_o unhurt_a though_o they_o all_o aim_v at_o he_o and_o many_o dart_n throw_v at_o he_o stick_v on_o the_o staff_n of_o the_o cross_n so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o lance_n and_o dart_n be_v find_v that_o though_o the_o christian_n during_o two_o day_n they_o stay_v there_o use_v no_o other_o fuel_n they_o can_v not_o consume_v they_o all_o fame_n first_o and_o then_o messenger_n send_v on_o purpose_n soon_o spread_v the_o news_n of_o this_o victory_n through_o all_o part_n great_a be_v the_o grief_n it_o bring_v to_o the_o moor_n and_o no_o less_o the_o joy_n it_o spread_v through_o all_o christendom_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o action_n this_o king_n of_o navarre_n to_o the_o arm_n of_o his_o ancestor_n which_o be_v navarre_n only_o a_o red_a shield_n add_v chain_n and_o a_o emraud_n in_o the_o middle_n as_o be_v use_v to_o this_o day_n in_o token_n that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o who_o break_v the_o chain_n that_o defend_v the_o enemy_n camp_n some_o will_v have_v it_o that_z king_n alonso_z of_o castille_n now_o take_v the_o castle_n for_o his_o arm_n but_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v in_o use_n long_o before_o from_o this_o time_n there_o be_v those_o who_o write_v the_o spaniard_n take_v the_o custom_n of_o abstain_v from_o flesh_n upon_o saturday_n the_o contrary_a custom_n have_v be_v introduce_v by_o the_o goth_n who_o doubtless_o learned_a it_o in_o greece_n when_o they_o be_v convert_v this_o great_a victory_n be_v doubtless_o obtain_v by_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o christian_n who_o in_o all_o part_n and_o particular_o in_o rome_n the_o pope_n himself_z promote_a it_o make_v procession_n and_o offer_v up_o their_o vow_n to_o heaven_n for_o this_o purpose_n many_o bishop_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o noble_n who_o name_n it_o be_v tedious_a and_o needless_a to_o repeat_v be_v present_a at_o this_o battle_n but_o in_o fine_a the_o third_z day_n after_o the_o fight_n the_o christian_n move_v their_o camp_n they_o recover_v ferral_n and_o take_v bilche_n banos_n and_o tolosa_n from_o why_o which_o last_o place_n this_o action_n be_v name_v the_o battle_n of_o navas_n de_fw-fr tolosa_n baeça_o be_v abandon_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o enter_v by_o our_o force_n which_o set_v fire_n to_o and_o burn_v a_o number_n of_o infidel_n who_o think_v to_o defend_v themselves_o in_o the_o great_a mosque_n vbeda_n the_o eight_o day_n after_o the_o victory_n be_v take_v by_o assault_n most_o of_o the_o inhabitans_fw-la put_v to_o the_o sword_n the_o rest_n make_v slave_n which_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o the_o moor_n and_o the_o plunder_v be_v give_v to_o the_o army_n encourage_v the_o soldier_n almost_o spend_v with_o labour_n sickness_n and_o the_o badness_n of_o the_o season_n oblige_v the_o king_n to_o turn_v back_o to_o a_o more_o temperate_a country_n on_o their_o return_n near_o catratrava_n they_o be_v meet_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o austria_n who_o bring_v 200_o horse_n to_o serve_v in_o that_o war._n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v his_o kinsman_n accompany_v he_o back_o to_o the_o border_n of_o spain_n in_o recompense_n for_o his_o assistance_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n restore_v to_o he_o of_o navarre_n 14_o town_n he_o have_v before_o take_v from_o he_o and_o then_o have_v take_v his_o leave_n of_o both_o king_n enter_v toledo_n in_o triumph_n first_o he_o give_v thanks_o to_o god_n for_o this_o so_o signal_n providence_n and_o order_v the_o 16_o of_o july_n to_o be_v keep_v for_o ever_o as_o a_o holiday_n in_o memory_n of_o it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o triumph_n of_o the_o holy-cross_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n the_o king_n pursue_v his_o success_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o town_n of_o duenas_n which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o knight_n 1213._o of_o calatrava_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o eznavejor_n to_o those_o of_o santiago_n alcaraz_n a_o little_a town_n in_o the_o mountain_n mariani_n seat_v on_o a_o rise_a craggy_a hill_n have_v endure_v a_o siege_n of_o two_o month_n be_v take_v on_o the_o 22th_o of_o may_n so_o several_a other_o place_n of_o less_o note_n this_o do_v king_n alonso_n load_v with_o honour_n return_v to_o toledo_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n by_o ellenor_n his_o queen_n berengaria_n his_o daughter_n his_o son_n henry_n and_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n this_o be_v a_o very_a scarce_a year_n of_o provision_n for_o author_n affirm_v it_o rain_v not_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n for_o the_o space_n of_o nine_o month_n so_o that_o the_o country_n people_n be_v force_v to_o abandon_v their_o land_n and_o go_v to_o other_o place_n for_o sustenance_n the_o end_n of_o book_n xi_o the_o history_n of_o spain_n the_o twelve_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o original_a and_o growth_n of_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o albigenses_n which_o spread_v all_o over_o france_n and_o some_o part_n of_o spain_n preach_v against_o they_o be_v unsuccessful_a war_n be_v resolve_v upon_o after_o so_o notable_a a_o victory_n gain_v over_o the_o moor_n the_o affair_n of_o spain_n be_v in_o a_o prosperous_a condition_n for_o the_o almohade_n oppress_v by_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n stir_v not_o and_o the_o christian_n be_v encourage_v to_o conquer_v all_o the_o infidel_n be_v still_o possess_v off_o but_o at_o this_o same_o time_n the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o arragon_n fall_v into_o great_a confusion_n arragon_n and_o suffer_v much_o detriment_n
the_o wrong_n he_o do_v his_o father_n yet_o the_o kingdom_n he_o unjust_o usurp_v he_o govern_v prudent_o at_o avila_n he_o perform_v his_o father_n exequy_n with_o magnificence_n and_o at_o toledo_n lay_v aside_o his_o mourn_a put_v on_o the_o royal_a robe_n the_o gentry_n who_o have_v be_v against_o he_o now_o throng_v to_o make_v their_o court_n either_o in_o hope_n to_o appease_v he_o or_o else_o to_o hide_v what_o be_v conceal_v in_o their_o heart_n the_o new_a king_n at_o present_a dissemble_v yet_o resolve_v as_o soon_o as_o settle_v to_o vent_v his_o rage_n all_o the_o nobility_n and_o commons_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o his_o daughter_n elizabeth_n as_o heiress_n in_o case_n he_o have_v no_o issue_n male._n this_o be_v do_v to_o exclude_v the_o two_o brother_n his_o nephew_n who_o just_a cause_n many_o yet_o favour_v king_n sancho_n resolve_v to_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o have_v those_o young_a prince_n in_o custody_n and_o be_v then_o prepare_v to_o besiege_v albarazin_n be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o bear_v with_o the_o insolence_n of_o d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n therefore_o king_n sancho_n because_o he_o can_v not_o go_v in_o person_n send_v a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n against_o that_o common_a enemy_n this_o do_v he_o go_v away_o for_o sevil_n because_o prince_n john_n his_o brother_n endeavour_v to_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o city_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o father_n last_o will_n but_o the_o citizen_n oppose_v he_o and_o be_v head_v by_o d._n alvar_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n these_o dispute_v cease_v upon_o the_o come_n of_o the_o new_a king_n who_o cause_v his_o brother_n to_o desist_v to_o this_o city_n come_v ambassador_n from_o the_o king_n of_o morocco_n to_o settle_v peace_n but_o be_v send_v away_o with_o scorn_n which_o provoke_v the_o moor_n to_o invade_v spain_n again_o king_n sancho_n to_o oppose_v they_o provide_v a_o great_a fleet._n at_o that_o time_n the_o genoses_n be_v famous_a for_o their_o skill_n in_o navigation_n thence_o the_o king_n send_v for_o benedict_n zacarias_n who_o bring_v with_o he_o twelve_o galley_n be_v create_v admiral_n and_o have_v the_o town_n port_n s._n marry_o give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n upon_o condition_n they_o shall_v always_o maintain_v a_o galley_n at_o their_o cost_n the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n meet_v at_o sevil_n their_o business_n be_v to_o redress_v grievance_n and_o to_o make_v void_a many_o grant_v force_v in_o time_n of_o necessity_n from_o the_o present_a king_n and_o his_o father_n that_o assembly_n break_v up_o the_o king_n return_v to_o castille_n where_o some_o conspire_v to_o restore_v his_o nephew_n but_o he_o come_v upon_o they_o some_o submit_v and_o other_o be_v put_v to_o death_n at_o this_o same_o time_n roger_n lauria_fw-la general_n of_o the_o arragonian_n in_o sicily_n have_v near_o malta_n defeat_v 20_o french_a galley_n kill_v their_o general_n william_n cornutus_n sail_v towards_o naples_n offer_v battle_n to_o charles_n the_o lame_a prince_n sea_n of_o salerno_n and_o son_n to_o king_n charles_n who_o be_v ready_a with_o a_o mighty_a fleet_n to_o pass_v over_o into_o sicily_n many_o and_o particular_o the_o pope_n legate_n advise_v the_o prince_n not_o to_o fight_v but_o he_o give_v no_o ear_n to_o they_o the_o battle_n be_v bloody_a but_o in_o conclusion_n the_o french_a be_v beat_v and_o prince_n charles_n take_v author_n differ_v about_o the_o number_n of_o vessel_n on_o each_o side_n the_o most_o receive_a opinion_n be_v that_o the_o arragonian_n have_v 42_o galley_n and_o the_o french_a 70._o this_o battle_n be_v fight_v on_o the_o 23d_o of_o june_n and_o the_o arragonian_n make_v use_n of_o their_o victory_n take_v several_a town_n in_o italy_n three_o day_n after_o the_o defeat_n king_n charles_n arrive_v at_o gaeta_n with_o 20_o galley_n from_o provence_n and_o there_o understand_v how_o his_o son_n be_v condemn_v to_o death_n at_o mecina_n by_o the_o sicilian_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o conradine_n execute_v by_o the_o french_a after_o he_o be_v take_v in_o battle_n the_o queen_n save_v he_o on_o pretence_n of_o acquaint_v her_o husband_n yet_o such_o be_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o people_n that_o they_o break_v the_o prison_n and_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n 60_o other_o prisoner_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n as_o if_o he_o have_v no_o war_n abroad_o now_o lay_v siege_n to_o albarazin_n and_o furious_o batter_v it_o the_o city_n be_v natural_o strong_a well_o fortify_v and_o have_v a_o good_a garrison_n of_o hardy_a soldier_n yet_o provision_n fall_v short_a d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n resolve_v arragon_n to_o make_v his_o escape_n but_o advise_v the_o garrison_n to_o hold_v out_o whilst_o he_o go_v to_o navarre_n where_o he_o be_v sure_a of_o succour_n after_o his_o departure_n the_o city_n hold_v out_o a_o few_o day_n and_o then_o despair_v of_o relief_n surrender_v on_o michaelmas_n day_n the_o garrison_n consist_v of_o french_a and_o navarrois_n who_o be_v all_o dismiss_v and_o people_n bring_v from_o the_o neighbourhood_n as_o well_o to_o inhabit_v the_o place_n as_o till_o the_o land_n the_o king_n have_v a_o bastard-son_n by_o the_o lady_n agnes_n zapata_n to_o he_o he_o have_v before_o give_v algezira_n and_o liria_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n and_o now_o give_v he_o the_o city_n albarazin_n this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o that_o principality_n for_o many_o year_n possess_v by_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o açagras_n chap._n vi_o the_o french_a invade_v catalonia_n take_v girona_n and_o retire_v back_o to_o france_n with_o loss_n the_o king_n of_o morocco_n besieges_n xeres_n and_o be_v repulse_v the_o death_n of_o the_o four_o king_n of_o france_n arragon_n naples_n and_o morrocco_n after_o the_o take_n of_o albarazin_n a_o great_a storm_n threaten_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n from_o france_n the_o aragonian_a alone_n be_v not_o able_a to_o withstand_v the_o french_a and_o therefore_o have_v recourse_n french_a to_o foreign_a aid_n he_o send_v ambassador_n into_o germany_n to_o the_o emperor_n rodulphus_fw-la who_o be_v a_o cautious_a man_n and_o at_o that_o time_n in_o war_n with_o the_o switser_n give_v only_o good_a word_n king_n sancho_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n have_v conference_n with_o he_o at_o ciria_n and_o borobia_n two_o town_n about_o soria_n where_o they_o make_v a_o league_n and_o promise_v to_o assist_v one_o another_o the_o king_n of_o morocco_n design_v to_o make_v war_n in_o andaluzia_n the_o french_a waste_v the_o frontier_n of_o arragon_n and_o jayme_n king_n of_o majorca_n side_v with_o they_o 18000_o moorish_a horse_n besiege_v xerez_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr frontera_n and_o make_v incursion_n as_o far_o as_o sevil._n king_n sancho_n go_v with_o speed_n to_o toledo_n where_o charles_n earl_n of_o artois_n ambassador_n from_o the_o king_n of_o france_n expect_v he_o his_o chief_a business_n be_v to_o procure_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o king_n be_v two_o nephew_n and_o persuade_v king_n sancho_n not_o to_o have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n the_o king_n answer_n in_o public_a be_v that_o he_o will_v send_v ambassador_n to_o adjust_a all_o thing_n in_o france_n and_o private_o he_o declare_v himself_o much_o the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o friend_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n lay_v siege_n to_o tudela_n in_o navarre_n by_o that_o mean_n to_o divert_v the_o french_a who_o design_v to_o pass_v into_o arragon_n through_o russillon_n that_o city_n be_v brave_o defend_v by_o d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n who_o lose_v albarazin_n and_o be_v more_o successful_a in_o the_o affair_n of_o other_o than_o his_o own_o all_o the_o country_n about_o be_v waste_v and_o the_o frontier_n town_n of_o arragon_n strong_o garrison_v to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n this_o do_v because_o winter_n come_v on_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n return_v to_o zaragoça_n there_o he_o spend_v the_o remainder_n of_o this_o year_n and_o beginning_n of_o the_o next_o which_o be_v 1285_o in_o which_o on_o the_o seven_o of_o january_n charles_n king_n of_o naples_n depart_v this_o life_n at_o fogia_n a_o town_n of_o apulia_n be_v wear_v out_o with_o misfortune_n and_o grieve_v at_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o his_o son_n 1285._o die_v this_o prince_n have_v be_v famous_a as_o well_o in_o peace_n as_o war_n have_v the_o end_n of_o his_o life_n be_v suitable_a to_o the_o beginning_n age_n make_v he_o feel_v the_o inconstancy_n of_o fortune_n as_o it_o have_v happen_v to_o many_o beside_o the_o vigour_n of_o the_o french_a be_v decay_v and_o they_o debauch_v with_o ease_n and_o pleasure_n and_o their_o governor_n make_v the_o king_n odious_a through_o their_o avarice_n and_o
other_o his_o contrivance_n chap._n viii_o john_n king_n of_o arragon_n upon_o complaint_n of_o his_o subject_n comply_v with_o their_o demand_n eruption_n of_o the_o french_a into_o arragon_n henry_n the_o iiid_v proclaim_v king_n of_o castille_n the_o form_n of_o government_n appoint_v there_o during_o his_o minority_n john_n the_o first_o the_o new_a king_n of_o arragon_n act_v nothing_o like_o his_o father_n who_o be_v a_o active_a arragon_n man_n warlike_a and_o ambitious_a of_o enlarge_a his_o dominion_n king_n john_n be_v meek_a and_o affable_a unless_o provoke_v more_o incline_v to_o his_o ease_n than_o warlike_a affair_n he_o love_v hawk_v hunt_v music_n and_o poetry_n and_o all_o thing_n that_o represent_v grandeur_n so_o that_o the_o revenue_n be_v too_o small_a for_o his_o expense_n the_o queen_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n like_o her_o husband_n so_o that_o the_o court_n be_v full_a of_o foo_a ball_n and_o pleasure_n great_a reward_n be_v give_v to_o poet_n and_o so_o fond_a be_v the_o king_n of_o they_o that_o he_o send_v a_o embassy_n into_o france_n only_o to_o have_v some_o choice_a one_o send_v he_o the_o nobility_n of_o arragon_n offend_v at_o the_o king_n extravagancy_n meet_v at_o calasanz_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o cortes_n sit_v at_o monçon_n they_o send_v their_o complaint_n in_o write_v to_o the_o cortes_n which_o where_o chief_o the_o extraordinary_a expense_n the_o lewdness_n of_o the_o court_n and_o that_o the_o kingdom_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o woman_n this_o be_v mean_v of_o da._n carroça_n de_fw-fr villaragur_n favourite_n to_o the_o queen_n who_o entire_o rule_v the_o king_n message_n pass_v to_o and_o fro_o and_o at_o length_n the_o king_n be_v of_o a_o easy_a nature_n comply_v with_o their_o demand_n retrench_v his_o expense_n set_v out_o proclamation_n for_o restrain_v the_o disorder_n of_o the_o people_n banish_v that_o lady_n and_o for_o bid_v the_o queen_n intermeddle_v in_o the_o government_n thus_o those_o discontent_n be_v lay_v when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o war_n seem_v to_o threaten_v from_o france_n bernard_n de_fw-fr armugnac_n arragon_n break_v into_o catalonia_n with_o a_o body_n of_o breton_n yet_o make_v more_o noise_n than_o he_o do_v harm_n soon_o after_o he_o be_v follow_v by_o his_o brother_n the_o earl_n of_o armagnac_n with_o great_a force_n tomich_n a_o catalonian_n historian_n write_v he_o have_v 18000_o horse_n a_o falsehood_n which_o yet_o show_v their_o number_n be_v great_a there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o make_v war_n but_o the_o desire_n of_o rob_v they_o burn_v some_o town_n and_o farm_n and_o carry_v away_o a_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n and_o cattle_n this_o mischief_n fall_v heavy_a upon_o the_o territory_n of_o ampurias_fw-la and_o girona_n the_o force_n of_o arragon_n assemble_v and_o have_v several_a rencounter_n with_o they_o in_o one_o bernard_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n overthrow_v 8_o company_n of_o french_a near_o navarre_n in_o another_o raymund_n bage_n near_o cavanas_n defeat_v a_o good_a body_n of_o they_o and_o take_v their_o commander_n call_v martin_n the_o king_n set_v out_o from_o girona_n to_o oppose_v they_o but_o they_o return_v into_o france_n by_o the_o way_n of_o russillon_n where_o they_o do_v much_o harm_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n have_v stir_v up_o arigotte_v of_o auvergne_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o land_n of_o armagnac_n which_o move_v the_o earl_n to_o return_v to_o defend_v his_o own_o luis_n the_o son_n of_o luis_n duke_n of_o anjou_n who_o die_v in_o the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n and_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o sicily_n marry_v violante_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n at_o barcelona_n the_o end_n of_o this_o match_n be_v that_o the_o aragonian_a shall_v assist_v his_o son_n in_o law_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n d._n martin_n lord_n of_o exerica_n the_o king_n of_o aragon_n nephew_n as_o be_v the_o son_n of_o his_o brother_n martin_n with_o the_o king_n consent_n marry_v mary_n queen_n of_o sicily_n the_o pope_n also_o agree_v to_o it_o because_o that_o kingdom_n be_v a_o feofe_n of_o the_o church_n sardinia_n be_v again_o in_o a_o uproar_n for_o that_o brancaleon_n doria_n not_o regard_v the_o late_a settlement_n and_o the_o pardon_v he_o have_v receive_v take_v up_o arm_n again_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1391_o on_o pretence_n of_o assert_v the_o people_n liberty_n with_o this_o specious_a pretence_n he_o draw_v to_o his_o side_n the_o genoeses_n and_o many_o of_o the_o 1391._o islander_n so_o that_o he_o take_v sacer_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o island_n and_o many_o other_o town_n and_o fort_n to_o crush_v this_o rebellion_n the_o king_n raise_v man_n and_o set_v forth_o a_o proclamation_n command_v all_o that_o have_v land_n in_o the_o island_n to_o go_v over_o to_o defend_v it_o at_o this_o same_o time_n pope_n clement_n create_v martin_n bishop_n of_o pamplona_n cardinal_n who_o be_v the_o first_o of_o those_o prelate_n that_o obtain_v that_o honour_n when_o king_n john_n of_o castille_n fall_v with_o his_o horse_n as_o have_v be_v say_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n who_o be_v by_o cause_v a_o tent_n to_o be_v set_v up_o in_o that_o place_n and_o guard_v with_o trusty_a person_n conceal_v the_o king_n death_n and_o send_v out_o several_a message_n in_o his_o name_n but_o this_o fiction_n can_v not_o hold_v long_o the_o first_o that_o resort_v to_o behold_v this_o miserable_a spectacle_n be_v queen_n beatrix_n before_o despoil_v of_o her_o father_n kingdom_n and_o now_o of_o her_o husband_n be_v leave_v without_o any_o child_n to_o be_v a_o comfort_n in_o her_o widowhood_n prince_n henry_n surprise_v at_o his_o father_n castille_n death_n set_v out_o from_o talavera_n and_o stop_v at_o madrid_n with_o his_o brother_n ferdinand_n there_o the_o archbishop_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v proclaim_v king_n he_o be_v the_o three_o of_o the_o name_n and_o common_o call_v the_o sickly_a for_o his_o want_n of_o health_n all_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n flock_v to_o kiss_v his_o hand_n and_o offer_v their_o person_n and_o estate_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr arragon_n marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n dissatisfy_v with_o the_o late_a king_n be_v withdraw_v into_o arragon_n he_o offer_v to_o return_v to_o castille_n provide_v he_o may_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o office_n of_o constable_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n condescend_v to_o his_o request_n and_o yet_o he_o come_v not_o be_v detain_v for_o certain_a reason_n in_o arragon_n the_o ceremony_n of_o proclaim_v the_o king_n be_v perform_v he_o go_v to_o toledo_n to_o bury_v his_o father_n in_o the_o royal_a chapel_n as_o he_o have_v ordain_v next_o the_o cortes_n assemble_v at_o madrid_n and_o take_v in_o hand_n to_o settle_v the_o government_n the_o king_n be_v but_o 11_o year_n of_o age._n ellenor_n the_o only_a daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o albuquerque_n for_o her_o great_a fortune_n common_o call_v the_o rich_a female_a be_v then_o at_o court_n many_o court_v she_o and_o among_o they_o her_o cousin_n the_o duke_n of_o benavente_n but_o prince_n ferdinand_n be_v prefer_v before_o he_o and_o they_o be_v contract_v yet_o so_o that_o the_o match_n shall_v not_o go_v forward_o till_o the_o king_n be_v 14_o year_n of_o age._n this_o be_v that_o in_o case_n the_o king_n die_v before_o that_o age_n the_o prince_n may_v marry_v queen_n catherine_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n daughter_n as_o have_v be_v agree_v the_o bride_n swear_v to_o the_o contract_n be_v 16_o year_n of_o age_n but_o the_o prince_n be_v too_o young_a to_o swear_v when_o the_o cortes_n be_v about_o settle_v the_o government_n they_o understand_v by_o peter_n lopez_n de_fw-fr ayala_n that_o the_o late_a king_n have_v make_v a_o will._n this_o will_n be_v find_v and_o read_v raise_v variety_n of_o opinion_n they_o be_v chief_o offend_v at_o will._n one_o clause_n which_o appoint_v for_o the_o young_a king_n tutor_n till_o he_o be_v 15_o year_n of_o age_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr arragon_n the_o constable_n the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o santiago_n the_o master_n of_o calatrava_n the_o earl_n of_o niebla_n and_o peter_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n the_o lord_n steward_n and_o with_o they_o 6_o citizen_n one_o of_o each_o of_o the_o city_n of_o burgos_n toledo_n leon_n sevil_n cordova_n and_o murcia_n to_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o those_o place_n every_o one_o that_o be_v not_o of_o the_o number_n be_v offend_v the_o affair_n be_v long_o debate_v some_o few_o be_v for_o fulfil_v the_o will_n but_o the_o great_a number_n be_v for_o cancel_v it_o the_o archbisop_a of_o toledo_n will_v not_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v burn_v because_o there_o be_v certain_a legacy_n name_v in_o it_o for_o his_o church_n which_o he_o will_v have_v valid_a though_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o the_o will_v
they_o at_o naples_n to_o prevent_v further_a disorder_n he_o take_v the_o spanish_a foot_n with_o he_o send_v the_o man_n at_o arm_n light-horse_n and_o german_n to_o sessa_o assure_v they_o he_o will_v soon_o be_v with_o they_o on_o the_o naples_n 16_o of_o may_v he_o enter_v naples_n with_o as_o great_a pomp_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o king_n himself_o before_o he_o march_v the_o spanish_a foot_n the_o gentry_n come_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o the_o multitude_n cover_v the_o field_n admire_v that_o general_n who_o have_v so_o often_o overthrow_v his_o enemy_n he_o be_v conduct_v through_o the_o street_n rich_o hang_v strew_v with_o flower_n and_o full_a of_o sweet_a perfume_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o when_o their_o king_n go_v to_o be_v crown_v nothing_o but_o joy_n appear_v they_o that_o be_v most_o incline_v to_o the_o french_a express_v most_o satisfaction_n to_o disguise_v their_o own_o fault_n the_o city_n naples_n from_o whence_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n take_v its_o name_n be_v one_o of_o the_o fair_a rich_a and_o most_o populous_a in_o all_o italy_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a at_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n that_o rise_v betwixt_o the_o west_n and_o the_o north._n the_o street_n be_v long_a and_o straight_o full_a of_o stately_a building_n because_o the_o nobility_n who_o be_v very_o numerous_a live_v there_o most_o of_o the_o year_n and_o vie_v among_o themselves_o in_o erect_v stately_a house_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v those_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n and_o duke_n of_o gravina_n they_o incline_v to_o live_v there_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o beautiful_a garden_n that_o surround_v the_o city_n so_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o city_n where_o so_o many_o great_a man_n reside_v it_o be_v divide_v into_o five_o sejo_n which_o be_v so_o many_o council-house_n where_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o each_o quarter_n meet_v to_o consult_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o city_n the_o church_n monastery_n and_o hospital_n be_v numerous_n and_o magnificent_a particular_o the_o hospital_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr annunciata_n which_o spend_v yearly_a above_o 50000_o ducat_n gather_v by_o the_o charity_n of_o the_o people_n upon_o pious_a uses_n the_o wall_n be_v strong_a adorn_v with_o tower_n and_o four_o strong_a castle_n of_o these_o the_o first_o be_v castelnovo_fw-la large_a and_o to_o appearance_n impregnable_a seat_v on_o the_o shoar_n near_o the_o mole_n which_o make_v the_o harbour_n the_o second_o the_o gate_n of_o capua_n on_o the_o north_n former_o a_o famous_a place_n of_o strength_n now_o the_o place_n for_o hold_v the_o court_n of_o judicature_n the_o three_o the_o castle_n del_fw-it ovo_fw-la in_o the_o sea_n on_o a_o small_a rock_n but_o inaccessible_a the_o four_o that_o of_o santelmo_n in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n command_v it_o all_o and_o be_v of_o late_o strong_o fortify_v two_o of_o these_o fort_n to_o wit_n castelnovo_n and_o castel_n del_fw-it ovo_fw-la be_v now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a as_o soon_o as_o ever_o the_o great_a captain_n alight_v he_o go_v to_o give_v order_n for_o besiege_v those_o castle_n castelnovo_n be_v furious_o batter_v and_o they_o begin_v to_o undermine_v it_o but_o the_o besiege_a make_v a_o vigorous_a defence_n villamarin_n with_o the_o fleet_n come_v to_o a_o anchor_n at_o nostra_fw-la signora_n de_fw-fr pie_n de_fw-fr gruta_n seven_o day_n after_o the_o great_a captain_n enter_v the_o city_n on_o the_o last_o day_n of_o may_n the_o pope_n create_v nine_o cardinal_n five_o of_o they_o native_n of_o valencia_n on_o the_o 12_o of_o june_n after_o a_o vigorous_a resistance_n castelnovo_n be_v take_v by_o storm_n john_n pelaez_n de_fw-fr berrio_n servant_n to_o the_o great_a captain_n be_v the_o first_o that_o enter_v the_o captain_n peter_n navarro_n a_o able_a man_n at_o mining_n and_o nuno_n d'_fw-fr ocampo_n signalise_v themselves_o the_o last_o have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o fort_n give_v he_o among_o other_o prisoner_n take_v there_o be_v hugh_n roger_n earl_n of_o pallas_n who_o have_v be_v above_o 40_o year_n in_o rebellion_n against_o the_o catholic_n king_n and_o his_o father_n king_n john_n he_o be_v send_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o xativa_n where_o he_o end_v his_o day_n some_o french_a and_o genoese_a ship_n come_v from_o gaeta_n too_o late_o to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a the_o french_a fleet_n consist_v of_o 6_o carrac_n other_o great_a ship_n and_o 5_o galley_n beside_o small_a vessel_n come_v at_o last_o and_o villamarin_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o oppose_v they_o retire_v to_o the_o port_n of_o ischia_n which_o be_v beset_v by_o our_o fleet_n defend_v itself_o so_o well_o that_o small_a harm_n be_v do_v to_o it_o the_o marquis_n del_fw-it gasto_n take_v care_n to_o defend_v the_o fleet_n and_o island_n the_o great_a captain_n can_v not_o stay_v to_o take_v the_o castle_n del_fw-it ovo_fw-la but_o leave_v that_o in_o charge_n to_o peter_n navarro_n and_o nuno_n d'_fw-fr ocampo_n they_o in_o boat_n cover_v with_o hides_n approach_v to_o undermine_v the_o rock_n on_o the_o side_n of_o picifalcon_n our_o battery_n kill_v most_o of_o the_o defendant_n so_o that_o only_o 20_o remain_v they_o surrender_v article_v only_o for_o their_o life_n at_o the_o same_o time_n fabricius_n colona_n with_o 800_o man_n send_v from_o rome_n take_v the_o city_n of_o aquila_n the_o chief_a of_o abruzzo_n and_o all_o that_o province_n submit_v fracaso_n de_fw-fr s._n severino_n and_o hierome_n gallofo_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o french_a faction_n in_o that_o city_n make_v their_o escape_n to_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n the_o end_n of_o the_o 27_o book_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n book_n xxviii_o chap._n 1._o the_o siege_n of_o gaeta_n the_o death_n of_o pope_n alexander_n vi_o pius_n iii_o choose_v practice_n of_o the_o spaniard_n the_o french_a invade_v roussillon_n on_o the_o 18_o of_o june_n the_o great_a captain_n set_v forward_o from_o naples_n towards_o s._n german_n in_o order_n to_o oppose_v the_o french_a who_o lie_v encamp_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n garellano_n former_o call_v lyris_fw-la and_o to_o reduce_v some_o town_n thereabouts_o that_o still_o hold_v for_o the_o french_a he_o pass_v through_o aversa_n and_o capua_n those_o city_n desire_v to_o see_v he_o and_o express_v their_o affection_n to_o spain_n whilst_o he_o be_v thus_o stay_v james_n garzia_n de_fw-fr take_v paredes_n and_o christopher_n zamudio_n advance_v with_o 1500_o man_n to_o attack_v s._n german_n that_o city_n and_o its_o castle_n soon_o surrender_v notwithstanding_o that_o peter_n de_fw-fr medicis_n lie_v with_o some_o french_a force_n near_o hand_n at_o montecasino_n he_o despair_v of_o hold_v out_o there_o go_v away_o leave_v 200_o man_n in_o the_o monastery_n who_o surrender_v the_o place_n the_o great_a captain_n take_v roca_n guillerma_n a_o strong_a place_n also_o targeto_o upon_o the_o river_n garellano_n and_o other_o place_n castellon_n and_o mala_n which_o lie_v near_o gaeta_n submit_v this_o do_v the_o great_a captain_n on_o the_o first_o of_o july_n besiege_v encamp_v near_o the_o suburb_n of_o gaeta_n that_o city_n be_v very_o strong_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n encompass_v with_o the_o sea_n only_o towards_o the_o land_n be_v a_o narrow_a and_o uncouth_a way_n to_o it_o and_o over_o the_o city_n mount_n orlando_n of_o difficult_a access_n where_o the_o french_a have_v plant_v many_o piece_n of_o cannon_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o come_n near_o to_o it_o in_o the_o place_n be_v 4500_o man_n 1500_o of_o they_o horse_n what_o be_v worst_a of_o all_o they_o be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v much_o strong_a than_o the_o spaniard_n and_o consequent_o there_o be_v no_o hinder_v the_o recourse_n of_o provision_n or_o other_o supply_n to_o they_o though_o villamarin_n come_v thither_o with_o his_o galley_n the_o great_a captain_n cause_v his_o cannon_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o naples_n to_o batter_v the_o mount_n whence_o his_o man_n be_v much_o annoy_v lie_v within_o shot_n many_o of_o his_o man_n be_v kill_v and_o among_o they_o d._n hugh_n de_fw-fr cardona_n a_o man_n of_o great_a worth_n the_o besiege_v suffer_v for_o want_v of_o provision_n but_o chief_o of_o meal_n not_o have_v wherewith_o to_o grind_v their_o corn._n on_o the_o 6_o of_o august_n they_o receive_v supply_n of_o provision_n and_o 1500_o man_n in_o two_o carrac_n 4_o galleon_n and_o some_o galley_n which_o carry_v the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr saluzes_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v the_o duke_n of_o nemours_n as_o viceroy_n the_o same_o day_n this_o supply_n come_v to_o they_o rabastein_n colonel_n of_o the_o german_n that_o serve_v in_o the_o spanish_a army_n be_v kill_v by_o a_o cannon_n shoot_v this_o