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musketeer_n be_v sometime_o place_v before_o sometime_o in_o flank_n sometime_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o pike_n to_o exercise_v the_o motion_n there_o be_v two_o distance_n to_o be_v observe_v the_o first_o be_v when_o every_o one_o be_v distant_a from_o his_o fellow_n 6_o foot_n square_a that_o be_v in_o file_n and_o rank_n 6._o the_o second_o be_v when_o every_o soldier_n be_v 3_o foot_n distant_a one_o from_o the_o other_o aswell_o in_o file_n as_o in_o rank_n and_o because_o the_o measure_n of_o such_o distance_n can_v be_v take_v so_o just_o by_o the_o eye_n the_o distance_n of_o 6_o foot_n betwixt_o the_o file_n be_v measure_v when_o the_o soldier_n stretch_v out_o their_o arm_n do_v touch_v one_o a_o other_o hand_n and_o betwixt_o the_o rank_n when_o the_o end_n of_o their_o pike_n come_v well_o nigh_o to_o the_o heel_n of_o they_o that_o march_v before_o and_o the_o measure_n of_o 3_o foot_n betwixt_o the_o file_n be_v when_o their_o elbow_n touch_v one_o another_o betwixt_o the_o rank_n when_o they_o come_v to_o touch_v the_o end_n of_o one_o another_o rapier_n for_o to_o march_v in_o the_o field_n the_o distance_n of_o 3_o foot_n from_o file_n to_o file_n be_v keep_v and_o of_o 6_o foot_n from_o rank_n to_o rank_n to_o order_v themselves_o in_o battle_n as_o also_o to_o go_v towards_o the_o enemy_n the_o distance_n of_o 3_o foot_n in_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v observe_v and_o likewise_o to_o conversion_n or_o wheel_a the_o musquettier_n also_o go_v for_o to_o shoot_v by_o rank_n keep_v the_o same_o distance_n of_o 3_o foot_n but_o go_v to_o skirmish_n they_o go_v a_o la_fw-fr disbandade_fw-mi which_o be_v out_o of_o order_n there_o be_v yet_o another_o sort_n of_o distance_n which_o be_v not_o use_v but_o for_o to_o receive_v the_o enemy_n with_o a_o firm_a stand_n
antiquity_n be_v repulse_v by_o it_o at_o a_o siege_n force_v to_o retire_v in_o a_o battle_n dare_v not_o come_v near_o it_o after_o they_o have_v gain_v the_o field_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o consul_n aemilius_n a_o man_n that_o have_v see_v much_o service_n and_o fight_v many_o a_o battle_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a general_n of_o that_o time_n confess_v he_o never_o see_v so_o fearful_a a_o sight_n as_o when_o he_o behold_v the_o phalange_n advance_v into_o the_o field_n the_o body_n join_v the_o target_n ser_v and_o lock_v together_o dart_v out_o fire_n like_o lightning_n the_o front_n rough_a with_o couch_v and_o charge_v pike_n and_o arm_v with_o iron_n and_o threaten_v present_a death_n to_o he_o that_o dare_v approach_v 3_o occupy_v two_o cubit_n of_o ground_n we_o may_v not_o take_v it_o as_o though_o the_o soldier_n betwixt_o file_n and_o file_n have_v two_o cubit_n or_o three_o foot_n of_o ground_n for_o we_o learn_v before_o that_o in_o lock_v up_o the_o phalange_n the_o distance_n between_o man_n and_o man_n in_o front_n be_v but_o a_o cubit_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v between_o rank_n and_o rank_n for_o polybius_n say_v that_o the_o soldier_n ought_v to_o have_v room_n for_o the_o use_n of_o his_o weapon_n which_o can_v be_v without_o grant_v he_o three_o foot_n behind_o the_o pike_n be_v sometime_o to_o be_v push_v forward_o sometime_o to_o be_v draw_v back_o sometime_o otherwise_o handle_v as_o occasion_n of_o fight_n shall_v require_v the_o length_n of_o the_o pike_n be_v 16_o cubit_n a_o sixteen_o cubit_n which_o be_v twenty_o 3â—_n four_o foot_n be_v a_o great_a length_n for_o a_o pike_n and_o it_o verifi_v the_o word_n of_o livy_n that_o the_o macedonian_a pike_n be_v unwealdy_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o length_n and_o weight_n yet_o do_v we_o read_v of_o pike_n of_o that_o length_n the_o 2._o aeâ—essans_n have_v such_o the_o â—_o chalybes_n pike_n be_v about_o 15_o cubit_n long_o a._n but_o 16_o be_v the_o length_n at_o the_o first_o the_o maccdonian_o bring_v it_o to_o 14_o which_o they_o take_v to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a length_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o easy_a for_o the_o pikeman_n to_o bear_v and_o handle_v 4_o the_o space_n in_o charge_v betwixt_o the_o hand_n take_v up_o two_o cubiâ—s_n herein_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o aelian_n and_o polybius_n aelian_n will_v have_v no_o more_o than_o 2_o cubit_n lose_v in_o charge_v a._n polybius_n say_v 4._o be_v lose_v and_o with_o polybius_n agree_v leo._n but_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o difference_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o form_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o hold_v it_o 39_o in_o the_o charge_n if_o it_o be_v hold_v at_o the_o butt_n end_n with_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o support_v towards_o the_o arm_a end_n with_o the_o left_a as_o the_o manner_n in_o charge_v be_v it_o can_v loose_v above_o two_o cubit_n and_o aeâ—an_n be_v in_o the_o right_n but_o if_o in_o hold_v it_o you_o set_v the_o right_a hand_n 2_o cubit_n from_o the_o butt_n and_o then_o must_v 4_o cubit_n of_o necessity_n be_v lose_v whereof_o 2_o rest_n behind_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o two_o be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o space_n betwixt_o both_o hand_n our_o manner_n of_o charge_v be_v at_o this_o day_n to_o take_v the_o butt_n end_n in_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o in_o so_o do_v we_o lose_v but_o two_o cubit_n but_o it_o seem_v our_o pike_n be_v not_o make_v in_o that_o form_n they_o be_v in_o polybius_n time_n in_o polybius_n age_n they_o have_v weight_n at_o the_o but_o end_v to_o make_v the_o sharp_a end_n the_o light_a as_o the_o heavy_a pummel_n lighter_v the_o sword_n in_o handle_v a._n this_o weight_n be_v call_v â—_o secoma_n as_o it_o be_v a_o counterweight_n to_o the_o heaviness_n and_o length_n of_o the_o pike_n neither_o do_v i_o read_v any_o thing_n elsewhere_o then_o in_o polybius_n concern_v the_o counterweight_n of_o a_o pike_n to_o the_o handle_n of_o a_o oar_n i_o find_v in_o a._n atheneus_n that_o lead_n be_v add_v to_o make_v the_o part_n stand_v out_o from_o the_o ship_n more_o light_a but_o yet_o polybius_n and_o aelian_o opinion_n may_v well_o agree_v and_o in_o pike_n that_o have_v counterweight_n at_o their_o end_n the_o hold_n for_o charge_v be_v take_v two_o cubit_n from_o the_o butt_n end_n there_o may_v be_v lose_v four_o cubit_n where_o the_o other_o sort_n be_v hold_v at_o the_o butt_n end_v itself_o lose_v but_o 2_o cubit_n 5_o the_o pike_n of_o the_o other_o behind_o can_v reach_v to_o the_o first_o rank_n how_o shall_v they_o bear_v their_o pike_n then_o d_o polybius_n show_v what_o the_o manner_n be_v those_o rank_n say_v he_o that_o stand_v behind_o the_o five_o can_v help_v nothing_o to_o the_o fight_n in_o front_n and_o therefore_o they_o charge_v not_o their_o pike_n low_a but_o bear_v they_o towards_o their_o forestander_n shoulder_n the_o point_n somewhat_o erect_v to_o secure_v the_o battle_n from_o above_o intercept_n by_o their_o thick_a lie_v the_o missive_a weapon_n which_o fly_v over_o the_o front_n will_v otherwise_o fall_v upon_o their_o head_n that_o be_v place_v towards_o the_o rear_n polybius_n say_v the_o manner_n be_v neither_o to_o charge_v nor_o order_v their_o pike_n but_o to_o bear_v they_o forward_o stop_v towards_o the_o shoulder_n of_o their_o companion_n before_o yet_o by_o bearin_fw-mi they_o so_o what_o security_n they_o can_v â—ue_v from_o the_o missive_a weapon_n that_o come_v aloft_o i_o can_v yet_o conceive_v a_o arrow_n dart_n or_o stone_n unless_o it_o hit_v just_a on_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o pike_n will_v do_v as_o much_o and_o sometime_o more_o harm_n by_o glance_v then_o if_o it_o have_v not_o touch_v they_o at_o all_o some_o will_v have_v the_o hinder_a pike_n long_o the_o opinion_n of_o they_o who_o aelian_n here_o speak_v of_o have_v little_a reason_n to_o ground_n upon_o for_o either_o the_o pike_n of_o thâ—m_n that_o come_v in_o the_o five_o rank_n behind_o especial_o the_o two_o last_o must_v exceed_v in_o length_n or_o else_o the_o fileleaderâ—_n pike_n in_o shortness_n both_o which_o be_v â—like_o unprofitable_a if_o they_o be_v too_o long_o they_o can_v be_v wield_v if_o these_o too_o short_a the_o enemy_n shall_v reach_v the_o fileleader_n and_o not_o the_o fileleader_n the_o enemy_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o long_a pike_n be_v 16_o cubit_n which_o yet_o for_o aptness_n and_o use_n be_v by_o the_o macedonian_n reduce_v to_o 14._o say_v then_o the_o sixteen_o rank_n carry_v pike_n of_o 16_o cubit_n two_o of_o the_o cubit_n according_a to_o aelian_n be_v take_v away_o in_o handle_v other_o ten_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o five_o former_a rank_n four_o cubit_n alone_o remain_v and_o reach_v over_o the_o front_n if_o the_o file_n leader_n in_o the_o front_n shorten_v his_o pike_n to_o four_o cubit_n to_o make_v a_o even_a extension_n he_o shall_v not_o come_v near_o the_o enemy_n by_o ten_o cubit_n who_o in_o push_v will_v reach_v home_o to_o he_o for_o what_o length_n soever_o be_v take_v from_o the_o file-leader_n in_o front_n the_o same_o be_v give_v to_o the_o enemy_n that_o push_v with_o he_o and_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o wound_v the_o file-leader_n and_o not_o the_o file-leader_n he_o especial_o the_o pike_n differ_v in_o so_o great_a a_o proportion_n 6_o the_o superordinarie_a lieutenant_n of_o every_o syntagma_n i_o have_v before_o note_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o syntagma_n and_o it_o be_v here_o well_o express_v by_o aelian_n he_o that_o desire_v to_o see_v more_o touch_v the_o same_o let_v he_o resort_v to_o xenophons_n cyropaedia_fw-la lib._n 3._o 28._o and_o lib._n 7._o 178._o b._n and_o to_o leo_n cap._n 14._o §_o 79._o the_o place_n of_o the_o lightarmed_n and_o the_o number_n of_o every_o file_n chap._n xv._n thus_o much_o of_o order_v and_o marshal_v the_o armed-foote_n i_o will_v add_v a_o word_n or_o two_o of_o the_o lightarmed_n or_o naked_a 1_o the_o general_n be_v to_o place_v the_o lightarmed_n so_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a for_o all_o attempt_n of_o the_o enemy_n sometime_o in_o front_n sometime_o in_o flank_n sometime_o in_o the_o rear_n according_a to_o occasion_n or_o necessity_n for_o our_o purpose_n let_v they_o be_v thus_o order_v we_o will_v frame_v also_o of_o they_o 1024_o file_n as_o many_o as_o the_o phalange_n of_o the_o arm_a contain_v so_o that_o the_o first_o file_n of_o the_o lightarmed_n be_v place_v direct_o behind_o the_o first_o file_n of_o the_o arm_a and_o the_o second_o file_n behind_o the_o second_o and_o so_o the_o rest_n 2_o yet_o shall_v they_o not_o be_v sixteen_o to_o the_o file_n but_o half_o so_o many_o namely_o eight_o
pag._n 93._o whether_o there_o be_v captain_n of_o the_o century_n of_o the_o lightarmed_n pag._n ibid._n the_o body_n of_o the_o arm_a and_o lightarmed_n compare_v pag._n ibid._n chap._n xvii_o the_o use_n of_o light_n arm_v pag._n 95._o lightarmed_n join_v with_o the_o arm_a pag._n ibid._n the_o lightarmed_n good_a to_o provoke_v the_o enemy_n pag._n 96._o to_o wound_v a_o far_o of_o pag._n ibid._n to_o disarray_v pag._n 97._o to_o repulse_v horse_n pag._n 98._o to_o beat_v in_o the_o enemy_n lightarmed_n pag._n ibid._n to_o discover_v suspect_v place_n pag._n ibid._n for_o far_o and_o speedy_a attempt_n pag._n 99_o chap._n xviii_o the_o form_n of_o horse-battaile_n pag._n ibid._n the_o service_n of_o horse_n pag._n 100_o the_o thessalian_a horseman_n pag._n 101._o the_o fable_n of_o centaur_n pag._n ibid._n the_o rhombe_n pag._n 102._o whether_o the_o rhombe_n or_o square_n be_v better_a in_o horse_n pag._n ibid._n the_o wedge_n pag._n 104._o whether_o the_o rhombe_n or_o wedge_n be_v better_a pag._n ibid._n diverse_a kind_n of_o square_n pag._n 105._o the_o square_a in_o figure_n pag._n ibid._n the_o depth_n in_o the_o square_n pag._n 106._o the_o square_a in_o number_n pag._n 107._o chap._n xix_o diverse_a form_n of_o rhombe_n pag._n ibid._n a_o rhombe_n file_v and_o rank_v pag._n 108._o a_o rhombe_n neither_o fill_n nor_o rank_v pag._n 109._o a_o rhombe_n file_v not_o rank_v pag._n 110._o a_o rhombe_n rank_v not_o file_v pag._n ibid._n chap._n xx._n the_o horse-troupe_n of_o the_o macedonian_n pag._n 111._o the_o number_n and_o manner_n of_o frame_v it_o pag._n ibid._n the_o place_n of_o the_o cornett_n pag._n ibid._n the_o distance_n betwixt_o horse_n and_o horse_n pag._n 112._o the_o distance_n betwixt_o troupe_n and_o troupe_n pag._n 113._o chap._n xxv_o turn_v of_o soldier_n face_n pag._n 117._o the_o end_n of_o this_o motion_n pag._n 118._o two_o turn_n or_o metabole_n pag._n 119._o turn_v to_o the_o pike_n or_o target_n pag._n ibid._n turn_v to_o the_o enemy_n or_o from_o the_o enemy_n pag._n ibid._n the_o word_n of_o direction_n in_o this_o motion_n pag._n 120._o chap._n xxvi_o wheel_v the_o battle_n pag._n 120._o how_o it_o be_v do_v pag._n 121._o a_o treble_a wheel_a pag._n ibid._n the_o end_n of_o this_o motion_n pag._n ibid._n example_n of_o double_a wheel_a pag._n 122._o chap._n xxvii_o to_o restore_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n pag._n 123._o what_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v pag._n ibid._n chap._n xxviii_o countermarche_n pag._n 125._o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n pag._n 127._o the_o lacedaemonian_a pag._n ibid._n the_o choraean_a pag._n 129._o countermarche_n by_o rank_n pag._n 132._o the_o word_n of_o direction_n pag._n ibid._n chap._n xxix_o double_v pag._n 133._o the_o length_n double_v in_o number_n pag._n 134._o the_o use_n of_o it_o pag._n 135._o the_o danger_n of_o it_o the_o enemy_n be_v nigh_o pag._n 136._o the_o depth_n double_v pag._n ibid._n the_o word_n of_o command_n in_o this_o motion_n pag._n 137._o finis_fw-la finis_fw-la veget._n prolog_n lib._n 3._o 3._o xenoph._n cyropâ—d_n lib._n 29._o b._n b._n xenophon_n cyrop_n lib_n 8_o c._n 227._o 227._o plâ—t_fw-la in_o philopaement_n â—_o infra_fw-la cap._n 3._o 3._o leo._n cap._n 1._o 1._o dio_fw-mi &_o â—pat_fw-la tionem_fw-la in_o vitâ—adriani_n vitâ—adriani_n veget_fw-la lib._n 2._o 〈◊〉_d â—_o â—_o tacit._n in_o vita_fw-la agâ—colae_fw-la agâ—colae_fw-la dio_fw-mi in_fw-la vita_fw-la neâ—vae_fw-la neâ—vae_fw-la spartian_a in_o vita_fw-la adriani_n adriani_n vegetius_n lib._n â—_o cap_fw-es â—_o â—_o polyb._n lib._n 10._o pag_n 615._o â—_o â—_o plutarch_n in_o pyrrho_n pyrrho_n cicero_n epist_n 〈◊〉_d lib._n 9_o 〈◊〉_d 1â—_n 1â—_n epistel_n ad_fw-la qfâ—at_fw-la lib._n 1._o epi._n 1._o 1._o tuscul._n questi_fw-la lib._n 2._o 146._o 146._o liw_n decad_a 4._o lib._n 5_o 87._o â—_o â—_o plut._n in_o pyrrho_n pyrrho_n plutarch_n in_o pyrrho_n pyrrho_n plutarch_n in_o pyrrho_n pyrrho_n just_a lib_n 18_o 655._o a._n a._n lib._n 25_o 667._o d_o d_o plut._n in_o pyrrho_n pyrrho_n justin._n lib._n 2d_o 668._o c._n athenaeus_n dipnoseph_n lib._n 3._o 73._o b._n b._n plutarch_n in_o philopaement_n philopaement_n ibid._n ibid._n emilius_n probus_n â—n_fw-la vita_fw-la iphicratis_fw-la xenoph._n histor_n graec_fw-la lib._n 6._o 587._o b._n c_o diod_n sicul_fw-la lib._n 15_o 479._o polyaen_fw-la lib_n â—_o in_o iphicrate_n justin._n lib_n 6._o 631._o b._n c._n c._n adrian_n lib_n 2._o 42_o c._n c._n tuscul._n question_n lib._n 2._o 146._o 146._o plin._n natural_a hist._n lib_n 7_o cap_z â—0_n pag_n 115_o 115_o cicero_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la dear_a lib_n 2_o â—7_n â—7_n plutarch_n in_o agesilao_n agesilao_n plin._n natural_a histor_n lib._n 7._o â—56_n â—56_n 〈◊〉_d paral_n â—_o pag._n 57_o 57_o plut._n in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d plutarch_n in_o agesilao_n agesilao_n drachma_n have_v iâ—_n it_o 6_o obol_n that_o be_v about_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sterling_a jul_n poll._n x._o lib._n â—_o cap._n â—_o 43â—_n 43â—_n vegetius_n lib._n â—_o cap._n 20._o a_o cataphract_n be_v the_o just_a and_o full_a armour_n of_o the_o fonte_fw-la hereafter_o we_o shall_v see_v what_o that_o armour_n be_v be_v stewechius_fw-la in_o vegetâ—um_fw-la pag._n 5â—_n 5â—_n notitia_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &c_n &c_n occident_n in_o fine_a â—_o samuel_n cap._n 17_o vers_fw-la â—_o â—_o homer_n iliad_n 6_o 6_o pausan._n in_o laconâ—cis_fw-la 16â—_n 16â—_n athen_a dâ—pnoseph_n lib_n 14._o 627_o a_o a_o pausan._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d livy_n lib_n 1_o 27_o c_o c_o xeno_n in_o reâ—_n 〈◊〉_d 685_o e_z e_z homer_n â—_o iliad_n iliad_n 〈◊〉_d prob._n in_o iphicrate_n iphicrate_n xenoph._n cyâ—o_n lib_n 6_o 169._o 3_o 3_o plutarch_n in_o alexandro_n alexandro_n patrie_fw-fr paral._n paral._n plutarch_n in_o demeâ—io_n demeâ—io_n iust._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d â—_o dial_n 6_o ad_fw-la poly_n poly_n plin._n naâ—al_a lib._n 8._o caq._fw-la 48._o 48._o cesar_n de_fw-fr bell_n civiâ—_n lib._n 3_o 3_o xenoph._n de_fw-fr ex_fw-la bed_n cyr._n l._n 4._o 3â—8_n b_o these_o wing_n come_v down_o from_o their_o shoulder_n towards_o their_o elâ—_n bow_n bow_n cesar_n de_fw-fr belle_fw-fr civil_a lib._n â—_o â—_o xenop_n de_fw-fr exp_n cyri._n l._n 4_o 340_o a_o a_o 1_o sam._n c._n 17._o v._n 38_o 38_o cap._n 9_o five_o 2_o 2_o xenoph_n hist._n brec_fw-la li._n 6_o 596_o d_o d_o cicerâ—_n tuscul_n quest_n lib_n 2_o 2_o 〈◊〉_d cap._n 12_o 12_o aemil_n prob_fw-la in_o iphicra_fw-la &_o diod._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 15_o 480_o 480_o xenoph._n hist._n 〈◊〉_d l_o 〈◊〉_d 52â—_n d_o d_o 〈◊〉_d in_o philopolyâ—_n l._n 6_o in_o phi_n loâ—m_o §_o â—_o pavian_a in_o aâ—_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d polyb_a li_n 2._o 118_o c_o &_o 120_o c_o &_o lib_n â—_o 26â—_n e_z &_o lib._n â—_o 〈◊〉_d â—_o c._n c._n suidas_n in_o macâ—_n macâ—_n xenoph._n cyr._n lib_n 6_o copides_n be_v sword_n a_o little_a bend_n at_o the_o point_n like_o fish_n curt._n l._n â—â—_o 375_o 375_o polyb_a lib_n 17_o pag_n 763_o c_o c_o plutarch_n in_o lu._n cuâ—o_fw-it cuâ—o_fw-it plut_z in_o alex._n alex._n xenoph._n cyrop_v lib_n 1_o 8_o c_o c_o xenoph_n cyrop_v lib_n â—_o 1â—9_n b_o b_o xenop_n cyrop_v lib_n 7_o 172_o b_o b_o curtius_n lib_n â—_o silver-targetier_n silver-targetier_n plutarch_n in_o caesare_n caesare_n plinius_n histornat_a lib_n 7_o cap_n 28_o polyb_a lib_n â—_o 4_o 〈◊〉_d b_o c_o c_o herod_n li._n 1._o 34_o 34_o polyen_n li._n 7_o in_o psammench_n §_o 1._o 1._o plu_fw-fr in_fw-la philop._n polyâ—_n li._n 11._o â—29_n â—_o â—_o plutarch_n in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d plutarch_n in_o pelonida_n polyen_n l._n 3_o in_o iphier_n §_o 22_o leo_fw-la ca._n 20_o §._o 19â—_n 19â—_n thucyd._n lib._n 4._o 3._o 5._o b._n c._n c._n arrian_n li._n â—_o 3â—_n â—_o â—_o arrian_n li._n 1._o 1â—_n e._n e._n plutarch_n in_o pyrrâ—o_n pyrrâ—o_n polyb_a li._n 4_o â—_o 3â—â—_n 3â—â—_n appion_n in_o syriac_n 107._o d._n d._n aemilius_z probus_n in_o vita_fw-la iphicrat_fw-mi iphicrat_fw-mi xenoph_n cyr._n lib_n 7_o 1st_a 1st_a 〈◊〉_d in_o pho_n cicis_fw-la 648_o 648_o pausan_n in_o pho_n cic_fw-la 660_o gyaâ—othorax_n gyaâ—othorax_n polyen_v li_z 4_o in_o philipp_n §_o 10_o 10_o ad_fw-la ephes._n cap_n 6_o five_o 14_o 14_o diod_n sicul._n lib_n 17_o 619_o &_o 615_o 615_o leo_fw-la cap_n 6_o §_o 25_o &_o 35_o 37_o 37_o plut._n in_o timol._n timol._n veget._n â—_o 1_o ca._n 20_o 20_o xenoph._n cyr._n 167_o c_o c_o veget._n li._n 1_o cap_n 20_o 20_o diod_n sicul._n lib_n 18_o 18_o livy_n lib_n 9_o 243_o c_o c_o livy_n lib_n 1._o 27_o c_o c_o cap._n 12_o 12_o polyen_n li._n 6_o in_o philopoe_n §._o â—_o &_o pâ—ut_o in_o philopoe_n philopoe_n pausan._n in_o ar._n cad_z 4â—4_n 4â—4_n pausan._n in_o corinthiacis_n 1â—1_n &_o pliâ—nat_a hiâ—_n l._n â—_o cap._n 56_o 56_o cap._n 12_o 12_o polyb._n l_o 2_o 〈◊〉_d b_o &_o lib._n 4_o 331_o â—_o &_o 332_o c_o c_o pluâ—_n in_o aemiliâ—_n aemiliâ—_n polyb._n l._n 2._o 150_o b_o &_o 332_o d_o lib._n 4_o 4_o xenop_n de_fw-fr rep_n lace_a 68_o â—_o â—_o pausan_n in_o boeoticiâ—_n 56â—_n
be_v to_o provide_v arm_n arm_n be_v the_o security_n of_o their_o own_o soldier_n the_o terror_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o assure_a ordinary_a mean_n of_o victory_n the_o antiquity_n of_o arm_n be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o begin_n of_o war_n for_o when_o of_o ancient_a time_n mighty_a man_n puff_v up_o with_o pride_n and_o lead_v by_o ambition_n seek_v by_o violence_n to_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n and_o to_o bring_v under_o subjection_n their_o border_a neighbour_n they_o be_v enforce_v to_o fly_v to_o the_o invention_n of_o arm_n without_o which_o no_o victory_n can_v be_v obtain_v since_o arm_n have_v be_v take_v up_o for_o defence_n also_o necessity_n the_o mother_n of_o art_n invent_v a_o mean_n to_o withstand_v ambition_n as_o antalcidas_n well_o object_v to_o agesilaus_n be_v wound_v by_o the_o theban_n you_o be_v well_o reward_v for_o your_o labour_n quoth_v he_o since_o you_o will_v needs_o teach_v the_o theban_n to_o fight_v that_o have_v neither_o will_n nor_o skill_n so_o to_o do_v for_o the_o theban_n be_v put_v to_o necessity_n of_o defence_n grow_v warlike_a through_o many_o invasion_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n say_v agesilao_n plutarch_n who_o be_v the_o inventor_n of_o the_o several_a piece_n of_o armour_n and_o of_o the_o diverse_a kind_n of_o weapon_n use_v in_o old_a time_n may_v appear_v by_o the_o relation_n of_o â—56_n pliny_n in_o his_o natural_a history_n this_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o most_o warlike_a nation_n and_o most_o victorious_a have_v always_o seek_v to_o have_v advantage_n of_o their_o enemy_n by_o advantage_n of_o arm_n the_o end_n of_o arm_n be_v either_o to_o defend_v or_o assault_v hence_o be_v arm_n divide_v into_o two_o kind_n defensive_a and_o offensive_a defensive_a be_v those_o which_o be_v wear_v to_o resist_v the_o force_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v the_o head-piece_n gorget_n cuirass_n vantbrace_n gauntlet_n tase_n greve_n and_o target_n for_o whereas_o there_o be_v eleven_o part_n in_o man_n the_o wound_n of_o any_o of_o which_o bring_v with_o they_o undoubted_a death_n as_o some_o 57_o author_n write_v the_o brain_n the_o two_o temple_n the_o throat_n the_o breast_n the_o belly_n the_o two_o muscle_n above_o the_o two_o elbow_n the_o other_o two_o above_o the_o knee_n &_o the_o privy_a member_n pierce_v with_o a_o thrust_n the_o head-piece_n serve_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o temple_n the_o gorget_n for_o the_o throat_n the_o cuirass_n for_o the_o breast_n the_o vantbrace_n for_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o arm_n the_o tase_n for_o the_o privity_n &_o belly_n the_o greve_n for_o the_o muscle_n above_o the_o knee_n and_o the_o target_n for_o further_a assurance_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v movable_a against_o all_o stroke_n and_o proffer_n of_o the_o assailant_n offensive_a arm_n be_v such_o as_o man_n endeavour_v to_o wound_n or_o kill_v withal_o as_o fly_v weapon_n of_o all_o kind_n arrow_n stone_n out_o of_o sling_n or_o the_o hand_n sword_n pike_n partisan_n iaveline_n and_o the_o like_a 〈◊〉_d but_o as_o defence_n and_o security_n of_o a_o man_n self_n be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o nature_n then_o to_o hurt_v a_o enemy_n so_o be_v the_o defensive_a arm_n prefer_v before_o the_o offensive_a in_o that_o they_o bring_v safety_n to_o he_o that_o bear_v they_o where_o as_o the_o other_o be_v employ_v in_o annoieng_v the_o enemy_n only_o the_o poet_n set_v forth_o their_o brave_a and_o valiant_a man_n always_o best_o arm_v for_o defence_n so_o achilles_n in_o homer_n and_o aeneas_n in_o virgil_n be_v arm_v to_o point_n with_o arm_n wrought_v by_o vulcan_n to_o the_o end_n to_o remain_v untowch_v amidst_o the_o storm_n of_o their_o enemy_n weapon_n the_o grecian_a lawgiver_n punish_v that_o soldier_n that_o in_o fight_n cast_v away_o his_o target_n not_o he_o that_o lose_v his_o sword_n or_o pike_n agesilao_n plutarch_n write_v that_o at_o such_o time_n as_o epaminondas_n assault_v sparta_n the_o most_o warlike_a city_n of_o greece_n there_o be_v in_o the_o city_n a_o spartan_a name_v isadas_n who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o phoebidas_n he_o that_o surprise_v the_o castle_n of_o thebes_n call_v cadmaea_n and_o thereby_o stir_v up_o the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o theban_n and_o lacedaemonian_n &_o ruinate_v the_o principality_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n in_o greece_n this_o man_n be_v in_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o age_n and_o personable_a and_o large_a of_o limb_n run_v forth_o of_o his_o house_n all_o naked_a his_o body_n anoint_v with_o oil_n without_o apparel_n or_o arm_n except_o a_o sword_n in_o one_o hand_n &_o a_o javelin_n in_o the_o other_o and_o break_v through_o the_o throng_n of_o those_o that_o fight_v on_o his_o side_n come_v to_o hand_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o overthrow_v some_o and_o kill_v other_o some_o continue_v the_o fight_n till_o the_o enemy_n be_v repulse_v and_o at_o last_o return_v into_o the_o city_n without_o wound_n the_o chief_a magistrate_n understand_v hereof_o reward_v he_o with_o a_o crown_n for_o his_o valour_n but_o yet_o fine_v he_o at_o a_o hundred_o 43â—_n drachma_n for_o that_o he_o dare_v venture_v to_o fight_v without_o arm_n defensive_a judge_v it_o a_o 〈◊〉_d almost_o impossible_a that_o a_o naked_a man_n shall_v escape_v with_o life_n fight_v against_o the_o armeaâ—andes_n of_o so_o many_o valiant_a enemy_n as_o the_o theban_n be_v in_o arm_n be_v require_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v strong_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v fit_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v comely_a strong_a to_o protect_v or_o annoy_n fit_a to_o set_v close_o to_o the_o body_n and_o be_v manageable_a comely_a to_o grace_v he_o that_o bear_v they_o that_o defensive_a arm_n ought_v to_o be_v strong_a may_v be_v show_v by_o the_o end_n of_o arm_n which_o be_v to_o save_v harmless_a against_o arrow_n dart_n and_o other_o offensive_a arm_n of_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o fail_v of_o this_o end_n they_o be_v of_o no_o use_n it_o be_v better_o to_o be_v unarm_v then_o carry_v arm_n that_o will_v not_o defend_v without_o arm_n you_o have_v the_o body_n free_a and_o at_o liberty_n carieng_n arm_n though_o never_o so_o light_a they_o must_v be_v a_o cumber_v to_o you_o and_o some_o what_o hinder_v the_o motion_n of_o your_o body_n arm_n therefore_o ought_v to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o resist_v the_o weapon_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o inconvenience_n of_o defective_a and_o weak_a arm_n be_v well_o note_v by_o vegetius_n be_v from_o the_o build_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n say_v he_o till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n gratian_n the_o foot_n arm_v their_o body_n with_o cataphractes_fw-la and_o headpiece_n but_o when_o field_n exercise_n through_o negligence_n and_o sloth_n be_v give_v over_o armour_n begin_v to_o grow_v heavy_a because_o it_o be_v sieldome_o put_v on_o they_o make_v suit_n therefore_o to_o the_o emperor_n first_o that_o they_o may_v leave_v of_o their_o cataphractes_fw-la then_o their_o head-piece_n so_o our_o soldier_n encounter_v with_o the_o goth_n be_v oftentimes_o whole_o defeat_v and_o slay_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o arrow_n and_o a_o little_a after_o so_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v say_v he_o that_o they_o who_o without_o arm_n be_v expose_v in_o the_o battle_n to_o wound_n think_v not_o so_o much_o of_o fight_n as_o of_o run_v away_o yet_o must_v we_o not_o imagine_v that_o those_o soldier_n fight_v in_o their_o ordinary_a apparel_n only_o i_o incline_v rather_o to_o the_o opinion_n of_o 5â—_n stewechius_fw-la who_o hold_v that_o they_o take_v themselves_o to_o their_o military_a coat_n call_v in_o fine_a notitia_fw-la utrâque_fw-la thoracomachi_n and_o to_o their_o target_n this_o thoracomachus_n be_v a_o garment_n invent_v long_o before_o gratian'ss_n time_n and_o wear_v under_o the_o armour_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o felt_n but_o be_v no_o proof_n against_o arrow_n and_o their_o target_n not_o sufficient_a to_o cover_v their_o head_n and_o whole_a body_n from_o arrow_n they_o be_v obnoxius_fw-la to_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o goth_n and_o receyve_v those_o overthrow_n vegetius_n speak_v of_o the_o matter_n whereof_o strong_a arm_n be_v make_v i_o find_v to_o be_v divers_a some_o be_v forge_v of_o steel_n as_o the_o armour_n of_o goliath_n and_o the_o head-piece_n of_o k._n saul_n for_o it_o be_v not_o there_o set_v â—_o down_o what_o his_o cuirass_n be_v of_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v likely_a it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o matter_n of_o which_o his_o head-piece_n be_v make_v when_o i_o say_v these_o armour_n be_v of_o steel_n i_o follow_v therein_o the_o judgement_n of_o tremelius_fw-la and_o junius_n who_o so_o translate_v it_o &_o with_o they_o also_o agree_v vatablus_n for_o the_o old_a translation_n have_v that_o they_o be_v of_o brass_n i_o have_v not_o elsewhere_o read_v of_o steel_n armour_n and_o
or_o ochane_n which_o be_v the_o macedonian_a manner_n and_o not_o to_o hold_v they_o any_o more_o by_o the_o porpax_n or_o handle_v and_o so_o to_o free_v their_o left_a hand_n to_o apply_v both_o to_o the_o menage_n of_o a_o pike_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o direct_a meaning_n of_o plutarch_n cleomenes_n then_o persuade_v they_o to_o leave_v their_o spear_n &_o take_v pike_n and_o leave_v the_o target_n in_o the_o left_a hand_n may_v prove_v a_o impediment_n to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o pike_n he_o think_v best_o they_o shall_v carry_v they_o at_o their_o back_n by_o the_o ochane_n to_o carry_v they_o then_o by_o the_o strappe_v at_o the_o back_n be_v to_o give_v free_a use_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n without_o which_o a_o pike_n special_o a_o long_a pike_n such_o as_o cleomenes_n advise_v they_o unto_o can_v be_v wield_v as_o experience_n will_v teach_v any_o man_n that_o list_v to_o make_v trial_n 4_o and_o long_a pike_n pike_n for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v be_v call_v by_o two_o name_n by_o the_o grecian_n doru_n and_o sarissa_n aelian_n name_v they_o dorata_fw-la both_o here_o and_o in_o other_o place_n of_o this_o book_n c_o xenophon_n speak_v of_o the_o weapon_n of_o the_o chalybes_n say_v they_o have_v dorata_fw-la of_o 15._o cubit_n long_o arm_v with_o iron_n at_o one_o end_n only_o tet_z be_v doru_n take_v for_o a_o spear_n oftentimes_o as_o in_o that_o place_n of_o plutarch_n 〈◊〉_d last_o recite_v where_o cleomenes_n persuade_v the_o lacedaemonian_n to_o change_v their_o dorata_fw-la spear_n into_o sarissas_n pike_n the_o like_a recount_v he_o of_o philo._n philopoemen_n who_o change_v the_o spear_n of_o the_o achaean_n into_o pike_n call_v the_o spear_n dorata_fw-la the_o pike_n sarissas_n and_o even_o in_o this_o place_n aelian_n term_v they_o not_o dorata_fw-la simple_o but_o with_o addition_n of_o perimekestera_fw-la of_o a_o longsise_n and_o after_o describe_v the_o arm_n of_o the_o peltaste_v he_o say_v their_o spear_n dorata_fw-la be_v much_o short_a than_o the_o pike_n sarissae_n of_o the_o arm_a proper_o the_o pike_n of_o the_o macedonian_a be_v term_v sarissa_n if_o sometime_o doru_n some_o other_o word_n be_v add_v to_o avoid_v the_o ordinary_a signification_n of_o doru_n as_o doru_n macron_n cyâ—_n in_o xenophon_n doru_n perimeke_v in_o aelian_n yet_o deny_v i_o not_o but_o it_o may_v be_v call_v doru_n of_o the_o matter_n for_o doru_n signify_v wood_n of_o any_o kind_n and_o by_o consequent_a the_o wood_n a_o pike_n be_v make_v of_o but_o as_o i_o say_v the_o macedonian_a pike_n be_v proper_o call_v sarissa_n what_o the_o length_n of_o this_o pike_n be_v aelian_n will_v show_v in_o the_o 14._o chapter_n and_o for_o the_o wood_n it_o be_v make_v of_o i_o take_v it_o to_o have_v be_v corneil_n for_o i_o find_v that_o the_o macedonian_a horsemans_n staff_n be_v of_o that_o wood_n â—_o arrian_n confirm_v it_o say_v and_o now_o the_o macedonian_n have_v the_o better_a both_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o 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