Selected quad for the lemma: end_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	hand_n	hold_v	left_a	2,273	5	10.0216	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A49646	The English academy a drawing book, containing variety of examples of the external parts of men, women, and childrens bodies with the shapes of several creatures frequently used amongst heralds, gold-smiths, &c. : likewise, the arts of drawing, etching, engraving in copper and wood, painting and limning, all being carefully performed : wherein the aforesaid arts are exemplified, with plain and easie directions to guide you to their attainment with much delight : also the real method how to wash colour globes, maps, pictures, landskips, flowers, fruits, birds beasts, fish and fowl : a vvork worthy acceptation of all those that are friends to art, as, drawers, embroiderers, stone-cutters, carvers, gold smiths, needle-workers, gum-workers, &c. performed according to the order of the first eminent masters of proportion, viz. / P.L., H.G., P.R., H.B.	P. L.	1672 (1672)	Wing L50; ESTC R13512	15,353	32

and with that you may more curiously lay your white colour even Then having Needles of several Sizes in readiness well prepared by whetting them upon an Oyl-stone which to keep their Points round you must let them run round betwixt your Fingers as the Turners run being thus prepared and your Draught or Design as ready you are to consider which way your Draught is to st●nd when 't is printed and accordingly to place it upon your Plate preparing your Draught with Red Lead and small-coal dust rub'd over upon the back-side of your draught and so fixing it to the Plate with a blunt Needle for that purpose trace over all the out lines of your draught also touching out the folds or shadows what distances and how far dark or light Before you attempt to shadow draw over all your out-strokes as aforesaid lest otherwise you lose that first mark of your tracing over which will soon be lost and rub'd out Let your Needles with which you work be put into sticks or Pencils the length of a Common Pen and at the other end from the Needle let there be a blunt Pencil to wipe off the Grounds that flies up before your Hand-working In your Working Lean not hard upon your Pencil but only to touch through the Ground to the Copper when you leave work wrap up your Plate in Papers and if in Winter in a Woollen Cloth to keep your Ground from scratches in the one and from freezing in the other When you have finish'd all your VVork fit to eat with Aqua fortis first melt some green wax and with an old Pencil lay it round upon the Edges of your Plate to make your green Wall of Wax round your Plate to keep your Aqua fortis upon it to eat and this Wax must be wrought into long Pieces the thickness of a common Paste-board and half as broad as a Knife and so fix'd round upon the aforesaid melted Wax and with a little stick broad at the end sharp-edged thrust down the Wax to make it stick when you put on the Aqua fortis if it be good to a third part of that which was never used mix it at least with two parts to one of that which hath been used if you intend your Work to be fine Or in case of want of that you may mix Wine-Vineger with your Aqua fortis But if your Work is to be course you may use a third part of the Aqua fortis entire Only consider the difference betwixt double and single Aqua fortis Lastly for what Parts you would have eaten sweet first pour off your ●●ua fortis into a dish then wash your Plate over with clear water let ●●●y and then melt some Candle-grease with the dregs of your Ground ●efore melted and with a Pencil cover those Places you would have Thus much of Etching Of the Art of Graving the Instruments to be made use of and how to emprove them whether upon Brass Copper Steel or Pewter TO practise this Art Gravers are to be provided according to the Work you intend to practise If for the Goldsmiths occasions of Armes and Letters in what they call Flat-stitch several crooked Gravers If for to engrave Maps Portraitures Frontispieces and the like strait Gravers are the most commodious To which adde an Oyl-stone a Cushion a Burnisher and a Drawing-point The Oyl-stone is to be of a Grit neither too fine nor too course they are oft sold in Forster-lane where the several sorts of Gravers and Hafts also are sold Before you attempt to whet your Gravers consider what work you intend them for and according to that prepare them the Square point and the Diamond-point are the chief for use In whetting your Graver keep the edge firm upon the stone on which you intend to fix the point and be sure to carry an even steddy hand placing both the fore-singer firmly upon the opposite side of the Graver resting your haft-Haft-end against the Palm of the right hand whetting both the sides alike Then setting the end of the Graver sloping upon the Stone held firm against the Palm of the Hand whet the Point very flat in form of a Diamond Having thus prepared your Graver having a Leather-bag fill'd with sand to lay your Plate on hold your Plate with your left hand so that with freedom you may turn it according to the Motion of either shadows or Letters you engrave If your Graver be too hard at first you may a bate it by holding it to the flame of a Candle until you do perceive it to turn yellowish or a straw colour then thrust it into the Tallow in which quench it but in constant using in a little time it will become more useful by whetting which is best That the Haft of the Graver may not prejudice you cut off the part of the knob of the Handle that lies upon the same line with the Edge of the Graver otherwise specially in a large Plate you will not be able to move it upon the Copper but it will both stop you in your stroke and cause your Graver to run irregular And be sure that your Fingers interpose not between the Plate and the Graver for that will be of the like prejudice as the Haft He that inures not his Hand to such a Command that with one and the like ease he can both begin and end a stroke is to learn a chief part To imitate any Pattern if to print forward you must reverse it backward upon the Copper thus your Plate being clear polish'd heat it over the fire And when it is hot take Bees Wax put in a fine Rag and rub the Plate over with it until you perceive the Wax to lie even all over your Plate both thin and even you may for a more certainty lightly wipe it over with a Pidgeon or Duck-Feather to lay it even then after it is cool'd if your Print be not of too old a standing you may rub it off upon the Wax with an Ivory Haft of a Knife by degrees and it will leave a perfect Impression But if it be very old then to supply that defect either with black lead or Franckfort-black mix'd with clear water the thickness of common Ink and therewith go over all the chief Parts or Proportions you do intend to imitate and that Impression will remain upon the Wax which with a drawing Point you must trace over upon the Copper before you attempt to grave lest you rub out or lose your Proportion But if you are to imitate a Piece as it stands in your Pattern to be grav'd upon wax you may trace it through the Pattern but it will plainest appear upon the wax if you black the back-side Thus much of Graving in Copper c. Concerning Engraving in Wood. WHat ever is to be Cut Carv'd or Graven in Wood must be drawn traced or pasted upon the VVood and after that all that is vacant or to remain White must be Cut cleare out