greatly encreases Rubented This is the great pale Red or Peach-bloom-coloured-Flower-de-luce being Bulbous-rooted and is more in â—eem than the many other Irises so called from their â—veral Colours resembling them in the Rain bow and adorned with small yellow Spots in each of the three â—ing Leafs The Spanish Yellow-Iris This Flower is of a curious Golden colour in all Parts 〈◊〉 the blowing Leafs there is yet another of this Kind â—th a pale yellow Flower with a deep yellow Spot and 〈◊〉 these there are indeed many diversities some paler â—me higger some lesser and others of a deeper yellow â—olour one with white falling Leafs except a yellow Spot â—hich is usual to all Bulbous Iris or Flower-de-luces â—lso the Spanish party coloured Flower-de-luce whose â—eafs are white that fall but the Arch'd ones of a Silver â—our and the Top-leafs of a bluish Purple another â—y-coloured arched with yellow-falling Leafs c. Hungarian Rose This Rose differs from the usual common red one in 〈◊〉 Green-shoots its Flower being of a pailer red haâ—ng faint Spots spread over the Leafs of the whole douâ—e Flower The Double Velvet Rose This Rose has its shoots of a saddish red green colour â—ttle thorney the Leafs being of a sadder green than the common red Rose the Flowers are consistent of two or three rows of Leafs of a dark red Velvet-colour having some distinction of lighter red in Velvet-colour having many Flowers The Marble Rose This resembles the former in growth but is larger and more folded being of a light red Marbled with a lighter blush grey-deline and gives a curious scent The Virgin Rose Is in the Leafs greener than the last being smooâ— and without any Thorn the Flower not very thick 〈◊〉 standing but spreading the Leafs and standing forwardâ— from each other the Leafs that are of a pale Red 〈◊〉 blush colour are streaked on the Faces the backsides bâ—ing of a whitish colour blowing usually fair and are 〈◊〉 a very fragrant Scent The Evergreen Rose This is so called because the Leafs fade not in Winteâ— but remain Green and continue till new ones come 〈◊〉 the Spring the Flowers are cluster'd four or five togâ—ther at each end of the Branches which consist but 〈◊〉 five Lea's single of a curious white colour having 〈◊〉 Musky Scent The Moley of Hungary This Flower is of two Sorts the first hath three or fouâ— long broad Leafs which grow up with the Stalk a Fooâ— high one above the other and are on the Top beset witâ— some reddish Bulbs of a pase Purple the Root small anâ— fit for encrease the second is in resemblance of the first only the Stalk bears smaller Leafs and a greater cluster oâ— dark green Bulbs the Flowers alike c. Spiderwort Those of Savoy and Italy of these Kinds are the chiefest in esteem they are very secure Plants against Weather and prosper in almost any Soil especially wherâ— it is moist bearing a Star-like Flower white and something inclining to blushing This is called the Queens Gilliflower and by some the close Sciences there are two Sorts of them both single one of a pale Blast the other white producing but four Leafs The double White Gilliflower This is accounted the nobler having many Branches on Stalk and many Flowers on a Branch standing close toâ—ether in a long Spike the Flowers being of a curious â—hite colour thick and double and give their choicest â—ent in the Evening on the declining of the Sun Double Poppies These are not to be omitted tho' they give no fragrant â—ent since their Beauties are an Ornament to the Flower-â—arden they are of various Colours tho' of one Kind â—ome red other purple some white others scarlet and â—me again white-blush others party colour one Leaf â—alf scarlet and half white some striped with the same â—olour but those chiefly esteemed are of Gold yellow â—ouble flowering and produce much Seed Bastard Britany This grows about two Foot high bearing a reddish â—lower having many brownish woody Stalks and on â—e lower part of it are winged Leafs seven nine or â—even together resembling those of a young Ash tho' â—mewhat larger longer and purpled about the edges â—eing of a sad green colour Male Cistus This has not its growth above a Yard high small and shrubby compos'd of many brittle slender woody Branâ—hes bearing Flowers of a fine reddish purple like single â—oses each having five small round Leafs many yellow Threads in the middle that soon fall away c. Virgin Silk This with one or more round Stalks rises near 4 Foot â—igh set wiih two long broad Veins at several Joynts green and round pointed and on the Top of the Stalks out of the skinny Hose a great tuft of Flowers issue sometimes thirty or forty hanging down on long Fooâ— stalks each containing five small hollow Leafs of a Puâ—ple colour which fading are succeeded by long crooâ—ed Cods standing upwards which produce flat broâ— Seed Indian Scarlet Jesamine This comes up from a large spreading Root with oâ— two or more flexible Branches which must be supporâ—ed when they put forth their Tendrills by fastening 〈◊〉 any woody Substance and there will come forth 〈◊〉 winged Leafs much like them of Roses and at the eâ—â— of the Branches come forth the Flowers many in Nuâ—ber long like a Fox-glove and at the end opening in fine fair broad Leafs with a stile and small threadinâ— in the middle of the colour of Saffron some of theâ— Plants have on the inside the Flower small and râ— Leafs others veined with small yellow lines the Grounâ— being a deep Scarlet The Rose Bay-Tree This is of two Sorts one bringing red the otheâ— white Flowers not otherways differing its Stem growing to the bigness of an Inch and half compass dividinâ— into three Branches at each Joynt bearing long hard thick and dark Leafs at the end of the Branches thâ— Flower issues of a white in the one and deep blush iâ— the other containing four long narrow Leafs yet rounâ— pointed falling away without Seed Candy Tufts These are small Plants whitish green Leafs theiâ— Stalks set with narrow long notches and at the Top iâ— produced many small single Flowers placed close together some white and others with purple Spots in thâ— middle others all of a purple colour they are produced of Seeds the Roots Yearly perishing Flower Gentle of many Colours This produces a Flower of a lighter colour of Purple-â—â—arlet and Gold-colour Lemmon Orange some Straw-â—olour and crimson they have a thick stalk with maâ—y large green Leafs of many Branches c. The Shrub Spicara This Flower rises a Yard or something more in height â—ith divers wooden Stalks set with long green Leafs â—cked on the edges and the top of the Stalk produces â—any Flowers of a pale Peach-bloom colour close togeâ—er in a long spike lessening by degrees like Pyraâ—ids the wooden Root despises the Winter's rage and â—ay be propagated by Layers The Cloth of Silver coloured Crow-foot This produces
lesser Flowers than some others of its â—nd having its Leafs pointed six seven or eight in â—umber of a pale yellowish Blush-colour striped on â—e inside but more on the outside with Crimson the â—ot Grumous The double yellow Crow-foot This is called the Ranuncula of Asia having its Leafs â—reading and dividing like a Carrot from the Root â—e many small stalks each producing a shining yellow â—all double Flower The Ranuncula of Aleppo This Flower is of a curious Orange-colour'd tawney and and very double striped with Yellow Carolus This Flower is curiously marked and striped with â—ades of Murry-purple thro' the several Leafs of it â—â—e at bottom and Purple Tamis making a very cuâ—ous show The Indian Fig. This springs Leafs one out of another from one Leaâ— put half into the Earth Which taking Root puts ouâ— others being a Finger thick flat and round pointed anâ— of colour a pale green showing at first brown prickleâ— at the upper end and at the tops of the Leafs the Flowers break forth set with two Rows of pale yellow Leafs having a yellow thrum tipped with red in the middle 〈◊〉 after the Flower fades the head they stood on in thâ— middle grows large in the form of a Fig but in thesâ— Countries comes not to perfection it is a tender Planâ— and must be set in Pots so that it may be Housed in thâ— Winter lest the Frost rot and destroy it White Hellebore This makes its first appearance with a round largâ— head of a green whitish colour and afterwards opens iâ— many fine green Leafs signally pleated in every part-taking a compass about each other at the bottom from whence a Stalk rises about a Yard high small Leafs extending to the middle of it which dividing into manâ— Branches bears a considerable Number of Star-like Flowers small and so a yellowish green colour The double Purple Virgins-Power This hath many woody Branches covered with a thiâ— brown out bark and green underneath winding abouâ— what it takes hold on the Leafs are at the Joints coâ—sisting of three parts of it notched on one side and somâ— on both the Flowers appear from the Joints on lonâ— Foot-stalks standing like Crosses of a sullen dark Red the outward Leafs broad and in the inward folded likâ— a Button so that the outward ones fall off before the inward ones spread themselves this is proper to be supported against a Wall and such of the small Branches aâ— in the Winter prune off in the end of March. Marum or Herb Mastick This raises about a Foot high with hard stiff stalks â—nd the many Branches into which it divides it self are â—r with fine green small Leafs two at a Joint at the â—p of the Branches it sends forth small white Flowers â—d among the Tusts downy Threads all the Plant as â—ell as Flowers being of a curious Scent and may be â—proved by Slips set in April The Autumn Mountain Crocus This is of a pale blue Colour it stands on short Foot-â—lks appearing but little above ground but soon grows â—ttle higher and is prized because it comes when oâ—er Flowers are going out being of a curious softness The Silver cupped Spanish Moley This appears with two or three long Rush like Leafs â—ling when the Stalk is at its height that aspiring a â—rd or more bearing a considerable Head of Flowers â—t soon open grow on long Foot stalks and spread â—ch the Flowers being of the Colour of Silver with â—es down them on both sides the Leafs fashioned small â—d hollow in the manner of an Encrease-well with litâ— Trouble The great yellow Frutilary This has a stalk about two Foot high the Flower is â—g small and of a pale Yellow and is well in compoâ— of a Garden among May-flowers whose Number is 〈◊〉 numerous as various As for these last Reader I have given you most of â—em in the English Names as for the Months Flowers â—ow in I have set them down particularly as you will â—d in this Book in the Months adapted to the Flower-â—arden so that nothing may be omitted to satisfie the â—ader in his Curiosity THE Gardener's Almanack For what is necessary to be done in the Green-House and Conservatory in Preserving and welâ— Ordering choice Shrubs Plants Flowers c. with the Time of Housing c. GReens as well as Flowers are to be considered and care taken of them because they are nâ— only pleasant to the Site of the Garden but serve foâ— many profitable Uses besides Adornment and Fragrancy Therefore In MARCH What things are proper to be done PLant Box in Parterres sow Bay-seeds Fir-seeds Phillyrea Alaternus and most Perennial Greens â—nd after the Equinox a few Days prune and Pine Firâ—rees sow towards the End of the Month Myrtle-berries â—eeped a while in warm Water Wrap with Straw-wisps the Tops of shorn Cyprus â—over with Straw or Pease hawm your exposed Everâ—reens as also Bays Cyprus Phillyrea Pine Fir c. â—hat are Seedlings till they have continu'd in the Nursery about three Years and are capable of being transplanted lest the sharp Winds too much dry and injure â—hem and uncover them not till the latter End of the Month or the tail of the Frost be pretty well over especially the Ever-greens lest the Wind and Sun conspire to wither and destroy them and this you may do a bleak Winds or sharp Frosts all the Winter At the latter End of this Month you may set your Orange trees Myrtles Lemmon-trees Ammammus Dates â—entisci Olenders Aloes and such like Plants that are â—ender and impatient of Cold in the Portico of your Conservatory And if the Weather be mild and warm the sharp Frosts and Winds being over you may open the Windows and Doors but do it gradually and not altogether and trust not the leaving them open a Nights â—nless the Season be very well settled and some hardy Ever-greens may be transplanted if the Season be warm â—nd temperate It is also a proper Time to raise stocks to bud Lemmons and Oranges on and to do it set the seeds early in the Month in Pots half a Dozen of the seeds of Sevil Oranges may be placed in a Pot filled with Earth viz. That Earth which is taken the first half spit under thâ— Turf in rich Pasture-ground where Cattle have much been fothered and mix of rotten Cow dung one parâ— with it and if then it happen to be too stiff sift moderately a little Lime and rotten Wood or sticks of Willows and for binding if occasion requires it add a little loamy Earth and plunge the Pots into Hot-beds which may be renewed in May and so e'er the Winteâ— the shoots will be near a Foot and in three Years fit tâ— inocculate which at the end of this Month you may also bud by placing two Buds opposite one to the other not above an Inch from the Earth In APRIL What Things are proper to be done THis Month sow Phyllerea Pine-kernels Fir-seeds Alternus and the most Sorts
Mulbery-tree your Pear shall be red and if you would have the Fruit pleasant and the Treâ— fruitful you must bore a Hole through the Stock closâ— by the Ground and driving in an Oaken or a Beecheâ— Pin cover it up with Earth if the Tree prosper not wash the Roots and water them with the Lees of old Wine fifteen Days so shall it bare the better and pleaâ—anter Fruit. It shall never be hurt with Worms if when you plant it you anoint it with the Gaul of an Ox â—f the Tree whose Roots have been cut seem not to â—rosper Paludius his Remedy is to pierce the Root thro' â—nd to drive in a Pin made either of Oak or Plum-tree â—f your Pears are stony or choak Pears dig up the Earth â—rom the Roots cleanse them of Stones and fift in good â—ew Mould again into the place Let your Pear-trees â—and thirty Foot asunder or little less your Apple-â—rees as I have said further You may make use of â—everal ways to keep your Pears some dip the Stalks in â—oyling Pitch and do afterwards hang them up others keep them in new boyled Wine or else in a close Vessel others in Sand and some again covered with Wheat â—r Chaff some are of Opinion that there is no kind Fruit but may be preserved in Honey of Pears there is Drink and Sauce made the Drink is Perry made as Cyder of a most delicious Taste the Juyce being pressed â—ut with the Press c. In other Countries to have a pretty Dish made of Pears for their Religious Fasts called Castimoniale CHAP. XII Of the Quince-Tree how Ordered Grafted Improved c. NEXT in order after Apples and Pears cometh the Quince they are planted after the same manner that Pears and Apples are Some affirm that the sets that have been set in March or in February have taken such Root as that they have born Fruit the Year after They grow well in cold and moist Countries in plain and silly Grounds in hot and dry Countries you must set them in October Many set them with the tops aâ— the set but neither of them both is very good and bâ—ing set of Scions they soon degenerate They are beâ—ter grafted in the Stock than in the Bark and that 〈◊〉 February or March they receive into their Stocks tâ— Grafts in a sort of all manner of Trees the Pomgiâ—net the Seruise all the kinds of Apples and make tâ— Fruit the better The Quince Tree must be set in thâ— order that in the shaking of the Wind they drop not oâ— upon another When it is young or newly plantâ— it is helped with Dung or better with Ashes thâ— must be watered as often as the Season is very dry aâ— digged about continually in hot Countries in Octobâ— or November in cold Countries in February or Marcâ— for if you do not often dig about them they will eithâ— be barren or bear naughty Fruit they must be prunâ— cut and rid of all Superfluities If the Tree be siâ— and do not prosper well the root must be watered wâ— the Mother of Oil mingled with the like quantity of Wâ—ter or unslack'd Lime mingled with Chalk or Rosiâ— or Tar must be poured upon the Roots You must gathâ— them in a fair Day being sound and unspotted and veâ— ripe and in the Wane of the Moon They are best keâ— coffened betwixt two hollow Tiles well closed on eveâ— side with Clay Some lay them only in dry Places wheâ— no wind cometh others heap them in Chaff and Wheaâ— some in Wine which maketh the Wine more pleasanâ— lay them not near any other Fruit because with 〈◊〉 Air they will corrupt them There is also made a kiâ— of Wine of Quinces being beaten and pressed and little Honey with Oil put into it there is also made 〈◊〉 them a precious Conserve and Marmalade red aâ— white being congealed with long Seething and boylâ— with Sugar Wine and Spices CHAP. XIII â—f the Medler and Service-tree how Ordered Grafted Improved c. THE Medler is accounted to be of the Number of Apple-trees and Pear-trees It is Planted in the â—e Manner as the Quince is It delighteth in hot Plaâ— but well watered it will do well enough It is â—anted of the Scion in March or November in a well â—nged Ground and mellow so that both the Ends be â—bbed over with Dung It is also set of a Stone but â—en it is very long before it cometh to any Thing It excellently well Grafted in the white Thorn the Pear the Apple The Medlers that you mean to keep you â—ust gather before they are Ripe and being suffered to â—ow so upon the Tree they last a great part of the â—inter They are preserved in sodden Wine and Viâ—gar and Water Of the Wood of the wild Medler 〈◊〉 use to make Spokes for Wheels of Carts and the â—wigs of them serve for Carters Whips Next to the â—edler for Neighbourhood sake I must speak of the â—rvice it is a high Tree with a round Berry fashioned â—e an Egg this Fruit grows in Clusters as the Grape â—th The wild is better than the Garden Fruit to Graft 〈◊〉 It delighteth in cold Places and if you Plant it in 〈◊〉 Ground it will wax Barren It hath no Prickles as â—e Medler hath it groweth of the Stone the Set the â—ot or the Scion and prospereth in a cold wet Soil â—s Planted in February and in March in cold Countries â—d in hot in October and November It is Grafted either its own Stalk or on the Quince or Haw-thorn either the Stock or the Bark CHAP. XIV Of the Pomegranate-tree how it must Ordered Grafted and Improved AMongst the strange Fruit there is none of them coâ—parable to the Pomegranate The tree is not Hiâ— the Leaf Narrow and of a very pleasant Green the Floâ—er Purple long like a Coffin the Apple that is compâ—ed with a thicker Rind is full of Grains within 〈◊〉 Pomegranate is sweet and sower This Tree only the Fig and the Vine the Body being cloven dieth nâ— the Branches are full of Prickles as the Gorst is It low both a hot Ground and a warm Air and liketh not â—tery Places In some hot Countries it groweth wild inâ— Bushes It is planted in the Spring-time the Roots beâ— watered with Hogs-dung and Stale It is Grafted upâ— its own Stock and also upon other Trees and likewâ— upon the Scion that grows from the Roots of the Tree And tho' it may be planted sundry Ways yet best Way is a Cubit in length smoothed with your Knâ— at both Ends and slope-wise in the Ground with hâ— its Ends well smothered with Hogs-dung and Stale 〈◊〉 much delighteth in the Myrtle insomuch as the Roâ— will meet and entangle together with delight Tâ— Fruit will grow without Kernels if Grafted in the Vâ— the Peth being taken out and the Set covered wâ— Earth and when it hath taken let it in the Spring pruned You shall have them keep a long while
if tâ— be first dipped in scalding Water and then taken 〈◊〉 quickly laid in dry Sand or else in some Heapâ— Wheat in the Shadow till they be wrinkled or elsâ— covered with Chaff as that they touch not the one orâ— other CHAP. XV. Of the Citron or Limon-tree how Planted and Improved THE Outlandish Citron is here very carefully planted This Tree doth always bear Fruit some falling â—ome ripe and some springing Nature shewing in them 〈◊〉 wonderful Fertillity There are several Kinds of them â—rom whence they have several Names I shall only name â—wo Sorts of them those that are long fashioned like an â—gg if they be yellow are called Citrons if they be â—reen Limons the Leaf is like the Bay-leaf saving that â—here grows Prickles amongst them The Fruit of them 〈◊〉 yellow wrinkled without sweet in Smell and sower 〈◊〉 Taste the Kernels like the Kernels of a Pear The â—ree is planted four manner of Ways of the Kernel of â—e Scion of the Branch and of the Stock If you will â—t the Kernel you must dig the Earth two Foot every â—ay and mingle it with Ashes You must make short â—eds that they may be watered with Gutters on every side 〈◊〉 these Beds you must open the Earth with your Hand a â—ands breadth and set three Kernels together with the â—op downwards and being cover'd water them every â—ay and when they spring set them diligently in good â—ellow Furrows and water them every 4 or 5 Day And â—hen they begin to grow remove them again in the Springâ—me to a gentle and moist Ground for it delighteth much 〈◊〉 wet If you set the Branch you must not set it above a â—oot and a half in the Ground lest it rot He that doth â—tend to cherish this Tree let him be sure to defend it â—om the North and set it towards the South and in the â—n in the Winter it Frails and Baskets This Tree deâ—ghteth to be continually digged about They are grafted 〈◊〉 hot Places in April in cold Countries in May not unâ—er the Bark but cleaving to the Stock near the Root â—hey may be grafted both on the Pear and Mulberry But when they are Grafted they must be fenced eithâ— with a Weather-basket or some earthen Vessel Sâ— as you mean to keep and must be gathered in the Nigâ—â— the Moon being down and gathered with Branches 〈◊〉 all as they hang. When the Fruit burdeneth the Tâ— you must pull them off and leave but few on it whiâ— will be the pleasanter and the kinder Fruit. If whâ— they are Young and Little they are put into Earth Vessels or Glass they will grow according to the Pâ—â—portion thereof So that you may have them fashionâ— either like a Man or Beast according to your Fancy 〈◊〉 you must so order your Moulds that the Air may coâ— to them They are highly esteemed of by great Perseâ— CHAP. XVI Of the Mulberry-tree how Ordered Plantâ— Grafted and Improved THE Mulberry of all other Trees is accounted 〈◊〉 surest bearer because it never blossometh tilâ— cold Weather be past So that whensoever you see 〈◊〉 Mulberry begin to spring you may be sure the cold Wâ—ther is at an end Yet is Ripe with the first and buddâ— out its Leafs They dye the Hands as Pliny saith wâ— the juice of the Ripe Berry and wash it off with the grâ— Berry It changeth his Colour thrice as Ovid alludeâ— his Tragical History of Pyramus and Thisbe first Whâ— then Red and lastly Black It loveth hot Places and Gâ—velly and delights in Digging and Dunging but not Wâ—tering It's Root must be opened about October and 〈◊〉 Lees of Wine pour'd upon 'em It is set of the Stones 〈◊〉 then it often grows to the Wild The best planting is 〈◊〉 Scion and the Tops a Foot and a half long smoothâ— both Ends and rubbed over with Dung. The Place whâ— you set your Sets cover with Ashes mingled with Eaâ— but cover it not above four Fingers thick I woâ— â—â—ve you to set it in March and to remove it in October 〈◊〉 November It is Grafted in the Beech or the White â—oplar either by Grafting in the Stocks or Inoculation â—d so shall the Berries be White It is Grafted also in â—g and Elm which in old Time they would not suffer for â—ar of Corrupting Of the Mulberry is made a very noble â—edicine for the Stomach and for the Gout they will â—ngest indure kept in Glasses the Leafs do serve to feed â—lk-worms withal whereof some make a very great gain The Cornel is a ruddy coloured Fruit like a Cherry â—his Tree is thought never to exceed twelve Cubits in â—eight the Body is sound and thick like Horn the â—eaf is like an Almond-leaf but fatter the Flower and â—e Fruit is like the Olive with many Berries hanging upâ—â— a Stalk first white and after red the Juice of the â—pe Berries is of a bloody Colour It loveth both high â—round and Vallies and prospereth both in moist Ground â—d dry It groweth both of the slip and of the Seed â—ou must be careful that you Plant it not near to your Bees The Bay is a most grateful Tree which chiefly garâ—sheth the House and useth to stand at the Entrance â—to maketh two Kinds thereof the Delphick and the â—press the Delphick equally coloured and greener with â—eat Berries in Colour betwixt green and red whereâ—th the Conquerors at Delphos were us'd to be Crownâ— The Cypress-Bay hath a shorter Leaf and a darker â—een gathered as it were round about the Edges â—hich some as Pliny saith suppose to be a wild Kind 〈◊〉 groweth always green and beareth Berries he shoot 〈◊〉 out his Branches from the Side and therefore waxâ— soon old and rotten It doth not very well always â—th cold Ground being hot of Nature It is planted diâ—rs Ways The Berries being dry'd with the North Wind â—e gathered and lay'd abroad very thin lest they cluster â—gether afterwards being wet with Vrine they are set 〈◊〉 Furrows a handful deep and very near together In â—arch they are also planted of the slip you must set â—em not passing nine Foot asunder But so they grow out of Kind Some think that they may be Grafted 〈◊〉 another as also upon the Seruise and Ash The Bâ—ries are to be gathered about the beginning of Decembeâ— and to be set in the beginning of March CHAP. XVII Of Orchard Hazle-nut and Philbert-trees Their Improvement NUt-trees are commonly planted of the Nut as 〈◊〉 other Shell-Fruits are Of all Nuts the Almoâ— is esteemed to be the worthiest they are set in Februaâ— and prosper in a clear and hot Ground in a fat and moâ— Ground they will grow Barren they chiefly set such 〈◊〉 are Crooked and the young Plants They are set boâ— of the Slips of the Root and of the Kernel The Nâ— that you intend to set must be laid a Day before in sâ— Dung Others steep them in Water sod with Honeâ— letting them lie therein but only one
Night lest 〈◊〉 sharpness of the Honey spoil the Plant. The Tops aâ— the sharp Ends you must set downward for from theâ— cometh the Root the Edge stands towards the Nortâ— You must set three of them in a Triangle a Handâ— one from the other they must be water'd every 〈◊〉 Days till they grow to be great it is also planted wâ— the Branches taken from the midst of the Tree Tâ— Philbert is Grafted not near the Top of the Stock 〈◊〉 about the midst upon the Bows that grow out Tâ— Tree doth soon bear Fruit and flowereth before 〈◊〉 others in January or February Virgil accounts it foâ— Prognosticator of the Plenty of Corn When thick the Nut-tree Flowers amidst the Wood Of Trees that all the Branches bend withal And that they prosper well and come to good That Year be sure of Corn shall Plenty fall â—he bitter ones which are the Wholesomer are made â—weet if round about the Tree four Fingers from the â—oot you make a little Trench by which he shall sweat â—ut its Bitterness or else if you open the Roots and our therein either Vrine or Hogs Dung But no Tree â—oweth sooner out of Kind and therefore you must ofâ—n remove it or else you must Graft when it is great CHAP. XVIII Of the Wall-nut-tree and common Nut-tree how to Order them WAll-nuts are to be set in the Ground the Seam downward about the beginning of March Some â—ink that they will grow as the Philbert doth either 〈◊〉 the Slip or the Root It groweth well and liketh 〈◊〉 cold and dry Place better than a hot the Nut that you â—ean to set will grow the better if you suffer it to lie our or five Days before in the Urine of a Boy â—nd will also prosper the better if it be often removed â—hose Nuts as it is thought prosper best that are let â—ll by the Crows and other Birds If you pierce the â—ree thro' with an Augurâ— and fill up the Place again â—ith a Pin of Elm the Tree shall lose his knotty hardâ—ess neither will he lose his Fruit if you hang by eiâ—her Mallet or a piece of Scarlet from a Dunghill Wall-nut-trees are properly planted round about on â—he out-side of an Orchard because their Shadows are â—reat and unwholesome besides the mischief they do â—ith their dropping They suck a great deal of good â—uice from the Ground For they are mighty high and â—all Trees of growth so as some of them are two â—r three Fathom about they take up a great deal of â—oom with their standing and beguile the other Trees â—f their Substance besides there are certain Trees that â—hey agree not well withal and therefore they are set on the outside of an Orchard as Standards to defeâ— their fellows from tempestuous Weather Amongst Nuts is also to be accounted the commâ— Hazelnuts a Kind whereof is the Philbert they aâ— Planted after the manner of the Garden Hazelnut thâ— delight in clay and waterish Grounds and upon thâ— highest Ground being very able to abide the Cold. CHAP. XIX Of the Chesnut-tree and Pine tree AMongst the Nuts also the Chesnut challengeth 〈◊〉 Place tho' he be rather to be reckoned amongâ— Maites from whence he is called the Nut or Mast 〈◊〉 Jupiter This Tree delighteth to grow on Uplands iâ— cold Countries It hateth Waters and desireth a cleâ— and a good Mould It misliketh not a moist graveâ— Ground and prospereth in a Shadowy or Northerly Banâ— it hateth a stiff and red clay Ground It is Planted boâ—â— of the Nut than of the Set otherwise the safer wâ—â— were the Set whch in 2 Years beareth Fruit. It iâ— Planted when the Sun is in the Aequinoctial both of thâ— Scion the Set the Branch and Root as the Olive iâ— The Chesnut that you mean for to Sow must be verâ— fair and ripe the newer they are the better they growâ— you must set them with the sharp end upwards and 〈◊〉 Foot asunder The Furrow must be a shaftman deep This Tree being felled after 5 Years will prosper likâ— the Willow And being cut out in Stays it will last tiâ— the next feâ—ling The Chesnut may be Grafted on thâ— Walnut the Beech and the Oak It hath been obseâ—ved that where they grow two and two together they prosper the better The Pine is planted not much unlike to the Almonâ— the Kernels of the Keit-clocks being set as the Almon◠〈◊〉 they are gathered in July before the cunicular Winds and before the Nuts the Husks being broken â—ll out The best Time of Sowing them Paladin reckons â—o be October and November This Tree is thought to â—e a Nourisher of all that is sown under it CHAP. XX. How to Order and Improve Cherry-trees THE Cherry-tree is easy to be planted if the Stones be but cast abroad they will grow with â—reat increase Such is their forwardness in growing â—hat the Stays or Supporters of Vines that are made of â—herry-tree are commonly seen to grow to be Trees They are grafted upon the Plumb-tree upon his own â—tock upon the Palm-tree and on the Abricot but â—est upon the wild Cherry it joyeth in being Grafted â—nd bearing better Fruit. If you Graft them upon the â—ine your Tree shall bear in the Spring the Time of Grafting is either when there is no Gum upon them â—r when the Gum has left running Remove the wild â—lant either in October or November and the first of Jaâ—uary or February when it hath taken Root it may be Grafted upon You may Graft it on the Stock but often it prospereth better being Grafted betwixt the Bark and the Wood. It delighteth to be set in deep â—renches to have Room enough and to be often digged â—bout It loveth to have the withered Boughs contiâ—ually cut away It groweth best in cold Places and â—o hateth Dung that if it be laid about them they grow â—o be wild It is also planted of the Slips and some â—ay it will bear its Fruits without Stones if in the setâ—ing of the Set you turned the upper End downward There are sundry Kinds of Cherries some that are reddeâ—â—han the rest others as black as a Cole Pliny saith That â—n the Banks of Rhine there grows a Cherry of Colour betwixt black red and green like Juniper-Berries whâ— they are almost ripe For the several invented Names 〈◊〉 them as Duke Heart c. for more brevity I shall paâ—â— them by at this time and say something of them hereaâ—ter The small Cherries are esteemed that grow upâ— a Bush with short Stalks round Fruit and very reâ— soft and full of Liquor They will bear very early 〈◊〉 you lay Lime about them It is good to gather them oâ—ten that those which you leave may grow the greateâ— There are also found a kind of Cherries growing wiâ—â— in the Woods and Hedge-rows and may be well Planâ—ed in Gardens and much improved with little Berrieâ— some red some altogether black CHAP. XXI Of Plumb-trees and how to Order them PLumb-trees
are Planted from the Middle of Wâ—ter to the Ides of February but if you set tâ—â— Stones soon after the Fall of the Leaf let it be done 〈◊〉 November in a good and mellow Ground two Handfâ— deep they may be also set in February but then thâ— must be steeped in Lye three Days that they may tâ— sooner spring they are also Planted from the young Sâ— that grow from the Body of the Tree either in Januarâ— or the beginning of February the Roots being well câ—vered with Dung they prosper best in a rich and moâ—â— Ground and in a cold Country they are Grafted tâ—wards the End of March and are better in a clovâ— Stock than the Bark or else in January before thâ— Gum begin to drop out it is Grafted upon his owâ— Stock the Peach and the Almond There are sâ—veral Sorts of Plumbs whereof the Damsen is not thâ— least esteemed joying in a dry Ground and in a hâ—â— Country it is Grafted as the other Plumbs are Therâ— are divers coloured Plumbs white black purple anâ— red Wheat-plumbs and Horse-plumbs the Finger-plumbs are most commended bearing near the Length of a Man's Finger and blue in Colour but later The Damsens may be dryed in the Sun upon Lattises Leads or in an Oven some do dip them before either in Sea-water or in Brine and after dry them CHAP. XXII Of the Peach-tree and its Ordering c. Also of the Apricot-tree OF Peach-trees there are four Kinds but the chiefest are the Duraces and the Apricots In November in hot Countries and in others in January the Stones are to be set two Foot asunder in well dressed Grounds that when the young Trees are sprung up they may be removed but in the setting you must set the sharp end downwards and let them stand two or three Fingers in the Ground Wheresoever they grow they rejoyce in watery Grounds which Ground if you want look that you water them well so shall you have great Store of Fruit. Some would have them set in hot Countries and sandy Ground whereby they say that their Fruit will longer endure the better will also the Fruit be if as soon as you have eaten them you set the Stone with some part of the Fruit cleaving to it It is Grafted either on himself Almond or the Plumb-tree The Apples of Armenia or Abricot do far excel the Peach used as a great dainty amongst the Nobility and Gentry and much desired of the Sick They are best Grafted in the Plumb as the Peach in the Almond-tree The fairest Grafts that grow next to the body of the Tree are to be chosen and grafted in Jan. or Feb. in cold Countries and in November in hot for if you take those that grow in the Top they will either not grow or if they grow not long endure You may inoculate or imbud them in April or May the Stock being cut out aloft and many young Buds set in neither must you suffeâ— them to stand very far from the other that they may the better defend themselves from the heat of the Sun The Frenchmen and our Gardeners also do Graft the Abricot taking a Graft not full a Finger long oâ— the Bud that is well shot out with a little of the Rinâ— cut off and slitting the Rind of a Plum-tree cross-wise they set them in binding them strongly about with Hemp or Tow. Some do hold they will be red if they be either Grafted in the Plumb-tree or have Roses seâ— underneath them they will be figured or written in if seven Days after that you have set the Stone when iâ— begins to open you take out the Kernel and with Vermillion or any other Colour you may Counterfeiâ— what you will after the Stone is closed up about it and covered with Clay or Hogs-dung you set it in the Ground Again you shall have them with Stones if you pierce the Tree thro' and fill it up with a Pin of Willow oâ— Cornet-tree the Pith being had out but these Things 〈◊〉 will not certify as Truth but leave them to Experiment as not having tryed them The Roots of the Tree musâ— be cut and dressed in the Fall of the Leaf and dunged with its own Leaves you should also at this Time prune them and rid them of all rotten and dead Boughs Iâ— the Tree prosper not pour upon the Roots the Lees oâ— old Wine mingled with Water Against the Heat of the Sun heap up the Earth about them water them in the Evening and shadow them as well as you may Against the Frosts lay on Dung enough or the Lees of Wine mingled with Water or Water wherein Beans have been sodden if it be hurt with Worms or such Verâ— mine pour on it the Urine of Oxen mixed with a third part of Vinegar CHAP. XXIII Of the Date-tree and how it may be Propagated THE Date-tree it groweth in a mild gravelly Ground and delighteth in a watery Soil and tho' it deâ—res to have Water all the Year long yet in a dry Year 〈◊〉 bears the better therefore some think that Dung is â—urtful unto it About the River Nilus and in the Eastâ—arts it groweth Plenteously where they use to make â—oth Wine and Bread of it This Tree in Europe for â—he most part is Barren tho' for Novelty sake it hath â—een Planted of many as an Adorment to an Orâ—hard The Stones of Dates are to be Planted in Trenâ—hes of a Cubit in Depth and Breadth the Trench fill'd â—p with any Manner of Dung except Goats Dung then 〈◊〉 the midst of the Heap set your Stones so as the sharper â—art stand upward others would have it stand towards â—he East And after when first they have sprinkled â—hereon a little Salt they cover them with Earth well â—ingled with Dung and every Day while it Springeth â—hey water it some remove it after a Year's growth â—ho some let it grow till it be great Moreover because 〈◊〉 delighteth in Salt Ground the Roots must be dressâ—d every Year and Salt thrown upon them and so will 〈◊〉 quickly grow to be a great Tree The Sets are not â—resently to be put into the Ground but first to set in â—arthern Pots and when they have taken Root to be â—emoved Date-trees have such a Delight one in the other â—hat they bend themselves to touch together and if they â—row alone they wax Barren They are planted as Pliny saith of the Branches two Cubits long growing â—rom the Top of the Tree also of the slips and slivers The same Author affirmeth that about Babylon the very â—eaf if it be set groweth Of the Almond-Tree THE Almond-tree will grow and flourish well in Enâ—land if planted in warm Soil and exposed to tâ— Sun It is properly grafted on the Philbert and whâ— once it gets a Head it grows a-pace In Time with goâ— Diligence in dunging the Root of it with Swines dunâ— and Water beareth considerably It Flowers early whiâ— is of a reddish Colour and if for no
shallow rather 〈◊〉 some of the Root be seen than it be too deep If yoâ— cut off any Branch make a Sear-cloth of Rosin Turpeâ—tine Bees-wax and Tallow and place it upon the Wounâ— till it is healed As for the Cases they must have such vent at the Boâ—tom that the wet may moderately pass out and not staâ— in any abundance to corrupt or rot the Fibâ—â—â— of thâ— Roots Water this kind of Trees with Water whereâ— Sheep and Neats Dung has been digested in the Sun tâ—â— or three Days and that moderately at first and so mâ—â— by degrees Keep the Earth loose about them for tâ—â— first Fortnight after they are brought out of your Coâ—servatory or Green-house and kept them the while iâ— the shade and then you may expose them freely to thâ— Sun but not when it is too scorching by lying too loâ—â— on them but where sometimes the intermission of shadâ— of Trees may refresh them with coolness Give this Month your other housed Plants a little fresâ— Earth to the old stirring that up lightly with a Forâ— not injuring the Roots enlarge the Cases as the Treeâ— grow bigger from 16 Inches to near a Yard Diameter Brush and cleanse off the Dust when you take theâ— out of your Houses and such as you Transplant not parâ— off above an Inch of the Surface and lay new Earth 〈◊〉 rather Compost of Meats dung and the ouze of the Bottom of the Tanners Pits both being old so that the we may wash down the strength of it to the Bottom of thâ— Root nor need you trim the Roots of any Verdures unless much matted or intangled but it will be proper 〈◊〉 change their Cases once in three or four Years As for Fruits in Season Prime or still Lasting they are Pears The Winter Born-chrestine the Great Kareville the Black Pear of Worcester the Double Blossom Pears the Surrein Apples The Forward Codling the Gilliflower-appl◠〈◊〉 Marigold the Russeting the Maligar the Westbury â—â—ples the John Apple Pippins The May Cherry and â—â—rawberries Cancer ♋ or the Crab. JUNE ABout the fourteenth Day of this Month you may begin to Inoculate Pears Apples Apricots Peaches Plumbs Cherries c. Cleanse the Vines of luxuriant Branches and Tenderness crop them rather than cut 'em and stop the second joint directly before the Fruit and some under Branches that are fruitless particularly Vines that are young planted when they but begin to bear and so forward binding the rest up to the Props or Stays Water Trees lately planted and cover the Roots if you can get it with Fern almost rotten about a Foot of the Stem having first eradicated all Weeds that grow about them Place near the Stem a Tub of impregnated Water â—ap about it a reasonable length of Woollen-cloth or Flannel let one end of it hang in the Water so that thereupon the moisture ascending the Bark will draw it in and much cool it in this and the two following scorching Months thereby preventing the Fruit falling off untimely by reason of excessive heat that wastes the moisture and this way will recover the Verdure of a Tree that is fainting and languishing for want of moisture by reason of great droughts or scorching of the Leafs and smaller Boughs by the Sun's hot Beams but do not continue the Water so long that it may sob the Bark lest it by over-watering injure the Tree If Trees that used often to be removed or carried to and fro from your Conservatory be hurt or languish you may this Month give them a Milk-diet viz. delute it with a part of Water discreetly applied as you find amendment or by Planting them in a hot Bed lettiâ— them down into a Pit in the Earth two or three Foâ— deeper than they are high and so covering them with Glass-Frame which refreshing often enlivens and râ—stores them according as the young Tree is either waâ—ting in warmth or Nourishment Fruits in Season and Prime Cherries Black White and Red Flanders Heaâ—â— Duke Early Flanders Lukeware Spanish Black Câ—mon Cherry Naples Cherries c. Strawberries Râ—berries Currants Pears Green Royal St. Lawrence-pears the Dagdaleâ— the first Ripe of Pears the Madera Apples The Pippin the John Apple the Red enoâ—â— the Robillard Leo ♌ or the Lyon JULY WAtering young Trees not long Planted as also Laâ—ers and the like Re-prune Peaches and Aprâ—cots save many of the likely young Shoots to be layed iâ— the Ground that they may further increase for noâ— usually the old Berries perish and are succeeded by neâ— ones cut them close and even well pruning yoâ— Wall-fruit of the Leafs that are superfluous hinderiâ—â— the Suns warmth from the Fruit but bare not the Frâ— too much lest it prove injurious especially to Vines When the Fruit requires filling or is forming makâ— Holes about a Foot and half from your Wall-fruit without Wounding the Roots and Pour in Water you maâ— let the setting sticks you make them with stand in theâ— a little loose so that water may come to the Roots leâ—surely or this may be done with semi-circle Trencheâ— at a like distance Towards the latter End of this Month visit the Vines â—in and stop the Luxuriant Branches or Shoots at the â—econd Joint above the Fruit if you have not finished it â—efore but let there be some Umbrage in your exposing 〈◊〉 to the Sun that there may not be too much of the heat Hang Bottles of cool Water near your red Roman Nectaâ—â—ines and other lushious Fruit to destroy the Wasps that come to eat and spoil them and also Flies Set the Hoofs 〈◊〉 Neats Feet to take Earwigs in which are equally misâ—evous and at Noon shake them into Water to deâ—â—roy them Destroy Ants to preserve your Orange-trees when flowered by pouring scalding Water or rather Urine on their Hills Pull off the Snails that you will find â—â—der the Leaves above the Fruit but not the Fruit that 〈◊〉 bitten for then they will fall to biting afresh Have â—n Eye upon Weeds pull them up where they sprout begin to hang them as soon as they peep out of the Ground and by this means you will rid more in a few Hours than in many when they are grown up Lay Lawrels Mirtles and other delicate Greens Waâ—er choice Shrubs and when ever you shift them trim the Roots and give them good store of Compost Clip Box after gentle Showers of Rain and in Watering it well thereupon the Scent will not be Offensive to any thing that grows near it Graft by approach Inarch and â—â—oculate Oranges Jesemines and curious Shrubs taking off the Surface of the Earth about the latter End of this Month put cooling fresh Earth to them that they â—ay the better weather the hot Season In the dryest Season strow Pot-ashes or sprinkle Brine which improve Grafts and destroy Worms Waâ—er your Green-walks with Water wherein Tobacco Stalks have been boiled and it will kill Worms and other Insects that infest them Fruits in Season Prime or yet remaining
new Roots which may be divided into Multitudes and removed and is an excellent Pot-herb Rosemary may be improved by Seed or set in Slips immediately after Lammas-tide in a moist good Earth Rule or Herb of Grace is an excellent Preserver 〈◊〉 Health as also Gardus this will grow of Slips Saffron is proper for this Garden as being a great Câ—dial at need Remove the Roots every three Years 〈◊〉 Flowers at Michaelmas when the Chives of Saffron mâ— be gathered Sage may be kept from Seeding by cutting the aspiring Tops then it will spread encrease in Leaves and Sprouting Savory Seeds the first Year and dies Sweet Sicily is either to be sown of Seeds or the dividing of Roots and transplanting it lasts long Thyme may be encreased either of Slips Roots or Seeds 〈◊〉 and if you let it not run to Seed which you may prevent by Topping it will last three or four Years at least Sweet Marjorum is produced best by Seeds but not lasting feeding and dying the first Year mostly Charvil is improved of Seed and will continue some time Tansy or Garden-mint are easily propagated by Seeds or divided Roots and will flourish and continue a long time And tho' there are others I might set down let thâ—â— suffice as a sufficient Store for this kind of Garden Rule in general for ordering Herbs c. â—N setting Herbs ever observe to leave the Tops no more than a Handful above the Ground and the â—â—s a Foot under the Earth â—wine the Roots of the Herbs you set unless too britâ— Observe always to sow dry and set moist â—et Slips without Shanks at any time except very hot â—â—ther as about Midsummer and in hard Frosts And â—â—ent such from Seeding as you would have continue 〈◊〉 for that weakens and decays the Root by drawing Heat from it â—â—ther Herbs when the Sap is full in the Top of them â—â—ce Pensroyal Camomile Dasies c. on Banks Artichoaks Cabbages Parsnips Carrots Saffron â—â—roots Onions Colliflowers Colwort Savoys c. â—â—uire whole Plats of Ground for their better thriving 〈◊〉 set at Distance they may be interlined with other â—â—ings of low Growth Gather all your Seeds ripe and 〈◊〉 and lay not Heaps of Dung to the Roots of Herbs the Over-rankness burn them up â—et Herbs and Plants distant according to the greatness smallness of them Such Herbs as you intend to gather for drying to keep 〈◊〉 â—se all the Winter do it about Lammas-tide dry â—em in the Shade that the Sun draw not out their Virâ— but in a clear Air and brezy Wind that no Mustiâ— may taint them then on Lines hang the Bundles â—â—y thin cross a Room where usually there is a Fire â—â—de in the Winter Thus far having directed you in what is most material 〈◊〉 the Furnishing and Ordering the Kitchen-Garden as Herbs c. I shall now shew you what is proper to be 〈◊〉 relating to Roots and other Things not or but very â—â—ly touched on Of Roots proper for the Kitchen-Garden their well Ordâ—â—ing and Improvement ROOTS are one of the main Things to be conâ—dered in a Kitchen-Garden and the chief of thâ— for Sweetness and good Nourishment is the Parsnip This is proper to be sown in the Spring rich and well stir'd mellow Soil that is deep dug so thâ— their Roots with little Interruption may descend aâ— grow in compass And when you perceive they 〈◊〉 grown to some bigness tread down the Tops that Roots may grow the larger In the Winter Seasâ— when you take them out of the Ground beware of â—ting them Take off the Mould clean and if you 〈◊〉 to keep them you may put them in Sand which 〈◊〉 preserve them a long time the fairest you may let 〈◊〉 to Seed to supply another Crop Trenching and Mellâ—ing the Ground in which you sow them to keep the as much as may be from wet The Skirt-Root is a very sweet Root much nourishiâ—â— and provocative It is well raised in a light and 〈◊〉 Mould which may be done of Slips planted in Roâ— or Ranges in the Spring-time about half a Foot distancâ— In Winter when you take up the Roots it will not 〈◊〉 amiss that you lay the Tops in the Earth till the Spriâ— for your further encrease Radishes are easily produced of Seed yet require good black mellow Mould that they may grow laâ— and deep and such Grounds as no Soakings or Spewinâ— of Water are in to rot or spoil them Potatoes in good fat Garden-Mould thrive a main anâ— if the Roots be accidentally cut with a Spade or otheâ— wise each part of it will grow and recovering thâ— Wound turn a perfect Root And so little Care thâ— require when once well taken in the Ground that thâ— can hardly be got out Jerusalem-Artichoakes are somewhat of the Nature 〈◊〉 â—â—toes but more soft and flashy when boiled and will 〈◊〉 as Potatoes in any good Mould and continue withâ— renewing for many Years and to propagate these them with a Stick they growing end upward â—â—aions are necessary for Sallets or shread with Potâ—s Broth Sauces or divers other Uses They best â—ive in a fat warm Soil and are proper to be sown in â—rch or the beginning of April for if sown sooner 〈◊〉 must be covered at first to keep them from the â—lls of extream Cold and where they grow very thick 〈◊〉 must be drawn whilst Young for the use of the â—hen or be transplanted and when they are grown 〈◊〉 reasonable bigness you may tread down the Spinâ— or Stalks that the Root may yet grow bigger 〈◊〉 prosper well when sown with Bay-salt and are to be drawn the latter end of August in a dry Season 〈◊〉 being rubbed clean tied in Bunches and hung up in moderate dry Out-House or laid thin in Straw that being well dryed they may be made up in Bundles or â—es or disposed of by Measure as the Custom for 〈◊〉 is some of the largest you may let stand for Seed â—gain a fresh supply the next Season Garlick is a very useful Root in many cases but most â—ysical In any rich Ground it prospers with a little â—re regard than Sowing or Setting taken of it It proâ—es in a little time a wonderful encrease and despises â—e Injury of Weather above all Roots And if the Tops 〈◊〉 kept down the Roots will grow much the larger Turnips tho' usually grown in the Field yet proâ—er best in a good Garden Soil being propagated from â—e Seed and when they come up which may be earâ—r or later as you sow them they must be Howed 〈◊〉 kept pretty thin the better to propagate Sow a â—e slacked Lime with the seeds to keep the Insects â—n destroying them on the Ground or to prevent Worm-eaten Roots or if the Caterpillar Slug or Snail â—ake the new sprung Plant do the like upon them and 〈◊〉 few showers will bring them up apace When you â—raw them leave the largest for seed Beans Pease Artichoaks Asparagus Cabbages Câ—â—flowers
it â—ill sink then at about two Foot distance put in the â—ants and in such a Bed you may plant three or four â—ows and in Time they will extend themselves throughâ—t the whole Bed Let them take good Root before you cut them that the â—oots may grow as strong and large and not be stunted 〈◊〉 stubbed with unseasonable cutting the small ones you â—ay leave that the Roots may grow bigger permitting â—ose that spring up at the end of the Season to run up 〈◊〉 Seed which will turn to good Advantage At the beginning of the Winter when you have cut up the â—alks cover the Beds 4 or 5 Fingers thick with good â—ould mixed with good new House-dung which will â—eserve the Roots from the Frost and about the middle â—f March if the hard Frosts are over uncover the Beds â—d spread good fresh Mould over them about two Finâ—ers thick or somewhat more and lay the Dung in the â—lleys or some place near them that it may rot and be 〈◊〉 a Readiness to renew them when Occasion requires it If you take the Asparagus Root about the beginning of â—anuary and plant them in a hot Bed with good Deâ—ces from the Frost the Weather being open and the â—n any thing warm you may have Asparagus at Candleâ—s when yon cut the Asparagus remove a little of the Earth from about the Bottom and cut as near the Rooâ— as you can but beware you do not cut or wound thosâ— that are peeping up or not yet appearing above the Earth Colliflowers take a due Place in this Garden and oâ— these you may either sow the Seeds in August and carefully preserve them from the Injuries of Winter or yoâ— may raise them on your Leaf Beds in the Spring and remove the young Plants when they have differeâ— large Leaves into good Ground prepared for the Puâ—pose But the approved way is to dig small Pits aâ— fill them with good light Mould and therein plant yâ— Colliflowers which you must take care to water espeâ—ally in dry Seasons Cabbages are another great Advantage and these arâ— of several Colours and Forms tho' in this Place I shaâ— take Notice of the ordinary Country Cabbage only anâ— of others elsewhere Sow the Seed at any convenient Time between Midsummer and Michaelmas so that growing up whilst thâ— Weather is warm it may gain strength to defend itseâ— against the violence of the Winter which is howeveâ— many times too sharp for them or you may raise theâ— on hot Beds in the Spring Transplant them in April 〈◊〉 to well stirred and good rich Mould and to have theâ— large it must be warm and light Soil and they mâ— daily be watered till they have taken good Root thâ— ordinary Ground well digged and manured will prâ—duce Store The Seed you reserve must be of the beâ— Cabbages placed during the Winter low in the Ground to preserve them from the sharp Winds and Frosts coâ— them with earthen Pots and warm Soil over the Poâ— and when the Spring comes plant them forth Savoys are a kind of Cabbages tho' not coming to tâ— Firmness and Magnitude of the other yet are sweeâ— and earlier than the common Cabbage and this may planted and raised as the other also may the small Dâ— Cabbage and the long loose Cabbage of a Musky Scâ— are the sweetest of all others Pumpions or Pumkins are very useful in many cases â—d to raise them plant the Seed first in good Mould in warm Place and when they are fairly risen transplant â—m into a Dung-bed made to that End and now and â—en water them with Water wherein Pidgeons Dung 〈◊〉 been steeped and then about Blossoming-time take â—y all the By-shoots leaving one or two main Vines 〈◊〉 Runners and beware not to hurt the Heads of them 〈◊〉 this small Weed as I may term it will produce â—it of a prodigious Bigness â—ettice cannot be omitted in this Garden as being an â—llent cooling Sallad raw or boiled and is easily raiâ— of the Seed growing in any tollerable good Ground 〈◊〉 you have a Desire to have them white or as the â—h term it to blanch them then when they are headâ— and begin to Cabbage bind them about in a fair Day â—en the Dew is off them with Straws or raw Hemp â—er the Plants with small earthen Pots and lay some 〈◊〉 on them and so they will become white Beats are of singular use being a very wholesome Potâ—b they must be sowed and then transplanted into a 〈◊〉 Soil they are usually sown in the Spring and the â—ots left in the Ground will produce fresh Leaves any Years 〈◊〉 Beds how to prepare and fit them for such Things as require to be set in them WHere the Ground in Garden-plats is naturally cold Art must be used to callify or heat it lest in setâ—g or sowing many Plants or Seeds you lose your Labour â—arges and what is more vexatious your Expectation â—f the Land be of a light and warm Nature of itself â—re is required no more than common House-dung or â—w-dung to be mixed with the Mould in Trenching and â—ging and that will sufficiently enrich it But where Mould inclines to a cold Clay or a Ground â—'s stubborn or stiff mingle some light Sand with it or at least some light and very fertile Mould and make 〈◊〉 Laystall of Dung with this Compost in some convenienâ— Place let it lie and rot the better to mingle it a wholâ— Winter and in the Spring it will prove good warm Mâ—nure to cherish and enliven the Roots of your Plants aâ— make warm Beds by mixing it with a good Quantity 〈◊〉 tho Natural Soil and the best of this kind is Sheeps dungâ— that of Pidgeons or Poultry When you have made a Bed manured with this Duâ— well mixed with the Soil to the depth of a Spades graâ— or more rake it over as even as may be with an Iron raâ— and the Mould and Dung being made fine you may soâ— your Seeds thereon as Mellons Cucumbers Onions Leeâ— or the like but the two former separate from the lattâ— then take them in as even distance os you can for of thâ— first two a few Seeds are sufficient then put fine fâ— Mould in a very wide Sieve and riddle it over the Seeâ— about an Inch or more and the Product willl answer If you must chuse a Plat of Ground necessity so â—ing there being no other to be had where the bleâ— Winds power to beat upon it notwithstanding all the caâ— of Fencing c. Then lay your Ground up in Ridges 〈◊〉 Foot or two in height somewhat upright on the back 〈◊〉 North-side and more sloping or shelving to the Soutâ—ward and it may be laid about three or four Foot broâ— on that side you sow especially tender Seeds and oâ— Bank lying behind another the Ground that rises will keâ— off the bleak and nipping Winds so that they will in 〈◊〉 great measure fly over the tender Plants new sprouting 〈◊〉
keeping the natural Colour it will be well done in the shade however a little of the Sun is proper to prevent their being musty Now Mellons and Strawberries are in season and some other cooling Things Nature prudently providing such for the refreshing Mankind and theâ— kindly preservation of Health in hot Season while the hotter come seasonably in the colder Months Leo ♌ or the Lyon JULY Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this Month. THE beginning of this Month sow Lettice Radish c. for young and tender Salleting also latter Pease that they may be ripe in October Let Herbs designed â—r it run to Seed and carefully save it for a new supâ—ly Long-sided Cabbages planted in May may now be reâ—oved and cut away all rotten and putrified Leaves from them and be yet diligent in the Weeding and Cleansing part of your Garden hoeing up the Weeds so â—on as they begin to appear above Ground and by this means a great riddance may be made in a ltitle Time â—an in a longer when they grow up Root-deep and â—rove more cumbersome to the Ground Destroy Worms â—nd other Insects by sprinkling hot Ashes in the places â—hey most frequent and it will utterly destroy such as â—re touched by it when a little Rain descends on it It 〈◊〉 also a great Enemy to the Weeds tho' Grass is imâ—roved by it and it proves an excellent Manure for that purpose but lay not on too much in hot Weather unâ—ess much Rain falls to dissolve it and moistens the Earth by which means it may leisurely soak in and disperse itself Virgo â™ or the Virgin-Sign AUGUST Things proper to be done in the Kitchen Garden this month THIS Month sow Radishes particularly the black ones to prevent going to Seed pale tender Cabbages Colliflowers for Winter Plants Lettice Carrots Corm Sallet Marigold Spinage Turnips Onions Parsnips Angela curled Endive Scurvy-grass c. To prevent Plants running up too hastily to Seed draw the Root a little out of the Ground lay them slaunting and cover them again with fresh Mould and by that means it will be prevented To secure Colliflowers to bear good Heads that are aâ— to overspread or upon Flowers before their Heads câ— be quite perfected take them out of the Ground anâ— bury them in some cold place as a Cellar and boâ— Root and stalk to the very Head and so without beinâ— exposed to the very Sun they will harden and bear firâ— Heads Now take up your Onions that are well grown as alsâ— Garlick transplant the Lettice you design shall continâ— for the Winter Gather seeds and clip such Herbs as you design shooâ— continue well in the Winter before the Full of the Moon And towards the latter end of this Month sow Puâ—slane Chard-beet Charvil and such like Herbs for use taking the Mould finely over them and laying thâ— Ground smooth and even yet so well covered that thâ— Birds cannot see them to destroy them and if Showerâ— fall and wash them out of the Ground cover them agaiâ— in the same manner Libra ♎ or the Ballance SEPTEMBER Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month SOw Skirrets Lettice Spinage Radishes Parsnips c. Cabbages Colliflowers Onions Anniseeds Scurvey-grass c. It is now proper to transplant Asparagus-roots anâ— Artichoaks Sow Herbs for Winter-store as also Roots get Strawberry plants out of the Copices or Woods and planâ— them in your Garden about a Foot asunder Towards the end of the Month earth up the Sallad-â—hs and Winter-plants set forth such Cabbage and Colliflower-plants as were sowed in August prepare Comâ—ost to be used in trenching and preparing and lay your Ground well for the approaching Winter where it is disencumbered as the occasion requires it and if the cold season hastily advances get warm covering for â—our tender Herbs either to preserve them well all the Winter or till such Time as you shall have occasion to â—pend them Scorpio â™ or the Scorpion OCTOBER Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month THis Month that it may lie for Winter-mellowing trench the Ground Sow Genova-Lettice which will with a little care continue for good Sallading all the Winter with Glass-bells and straw over them in the hard Frost or Cold but touch them not presently after a Thaw lest you break or crack the Glasses This Month you may sow Radishes clear the Alley of all Leafs that have fallen lest they corrupt and produce or at least shelter Vermin to annoy your Plants and seeds and foul your Garden with their Excrements Prepare covering for tender Herbs and Plants and be diligent in rectifying what is amiss in every part that your Garden may not only be pleasant and delightful to the Eye but profitable in encrease by being disencumbered of offensive Things Sagitarius â™ or the Archer NOVEMBER Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month THIS Month Trench fit to prepare your Garden Ground for Artichoaks carry Compost out of yoâ— Mellon-ground or mingle it by often turning with goâ— Earth so lay it in Ridges prepared for your Business oâ— the Spring Always note to sow moderate dry and plant moist but what you sow cover not too thick with Earth and there are many seeds you cannot sow too shallow so thaâ— they are covered sufficiently to preserve them from the Birds destroying them Set and sow early Beans and Pease which you may continue till Shrovetide Cut off the Tops of Asparagus cover the Roots with Dung or make Beds that they may be prepared for the spring planting Take up Patatoes a sufficiency for the Winter-spending and if they have been of any continuance tho' you search narrowly a sufficiency will escape to repair the Stock Lay up your Winter-store of Carrots Parsnips Turnips Cabbages c. as also seeds Capricorn ♑ or the Goat DECEMBER Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month SOW for early Beans and Pease if a prospect of violent Frosts are not in view This Month is proper to Trench your Garden ground â—d dung it well set Traps to destroy Vermin and lay table-litter over such Herbs or Plants as can least enâ—re the Cold and what things are requisite to cover them now for either the Frosts are begun or very near approaching no Winter passing without more or less force of them which leave their marks and scars on most Herbs and Plants making them drop and languish for want of refreshing Heat to comfort them How to know particular Flowers that will alter for the best EXperience tell us that those Flowers which differ in Number of Leafs in colours and shape their seeds will produce Flowers much different from the ordinary Flowers tho' but a Year or two before produced all of one Flower nay a particular Flower among many others of one Plant will bring more double ones than 20 others that are not quallified in the same Nature As for Example the Stock-gilliflower that have five leaves or
and so being thinned they 〈◊〉 produce the fairer Flowers Protect your Ranunculas Pennash Tulips Auriâ—las Anemonies from storms of violent Rain Hail 〈◊〉 the too scarching Beams of the Sun by covering theâ— with Mats supported with Hoops or bent Wands Crâ—â—â—ewise Bring forth your choice and tender Shrubs in a faiâ— Day but the Orange-trees may be continued housed 〈◊〉 the next Month and when you water them let it be doâ— with Rain or Pond-water luke-warm but not too much at a time Flowers blowing or continuing RAnunculas of Tripoly white Violets Anemonies Auricula Ursi Caprisolum Crown Imperialâ— Caprisolum Gentianella Deus Caninus Bell-flowerâ— Tritillaria Double Hepticas Starry Jacinth Florenceiris Double Dasies white and tufted Double Narcissâ— Chamae-Iris Cowslips Primroses Pulsatilla Ladies smock Tulips Medias Radix Cava Geranium Peritaria Lurea Caltha Palustries Persian Lillies Laâ—rea Caltha Palustries Persian Lillies Lucoicum Pâ—onies Muscaria Reversed Double Jonquills Persiaâ— Jessamine Acanthus and some others Gemini ♊ or the Twins MAY â—â—ings proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this month â—Hade your Carnations and Gilliflowers about this Season when the Sun has passed the Meridian and at the Full Moon plant in Beds your Stock-gilliflowers tranâ—nt forth Aramanthus and water Ranunculus so Anmum or set it gather such Anemony-seeds as you 〈◊〉 to be ripe and preserve it for a new supply keep it 〈◊〉 dry to preserve it from moulding or mustying cut stalks of those Bulbous Flowers that you find dry About the latter End of this Month take such Tulips as â—r-stalks are dried covering the Roots you find bare prevent their being scorched by the heat of the Sun or â—hed up with sudden Showers and if any of these Roots 〈◊〉 take up be Cankered the best remedy is speedily to â—ry them in fresh Mould Flowers blowing or continuing c. RAnuncula's of all Kinds the latter set Anemonies Anapodophylon Chema-iris Blattaria Cirisus â—ranthes Heleborine Cyclamen Augustisoi Cyanus â—ellow Lillies Aspodel Froxinella Cullumbines Buâ—ns-iris Digitalis Grranum Horminum Caiticum Glaâ—us Double Cotyleden Caltha Plaustris Tulips of vaâ—s sorts and Colours Jacca Lychnis Double Bellis â—hite and red Millefolium Luteum Phalangium Orcliis â—panish Pinks Lillium Convallium Rosa common Guilder Cinamon and Centifol c. Cherrybay Oleaster Tâ—chellium Hisperis Cowslips Anterrhinum Sedums Sâ—ringa's Veronica single and double Musk Violets Valerian stock Gilliflowers Ladies-slipper Chalcedom Star-flowers Ordinary Crowfoot Red Martagom Campanellas white and blue Bugloss Homer's Maly Persian Lillies Bee-flower Purple Thalictrum Pansis Lucoium Bulbosum Secotinum Sysimbrium singlâ— and double Sambucus Peonies Sea Narcissus and somâ— others Cancer ♋ or the Crab. JUNE Things to be done in the Flower-Garden this Month. THis Month gather such ripe Flower-seeds as are valuable and proper to be saved as Narcissus Aâ—runculas Oriental Jacinth c. preserving them dry a shade your Carnations from the Afternoon's Sun transplant Autumnal Cyclamen you design to change for a place more advantageous take up Iris Chalcedon Now you may make a beginning to lay Gilliflowers also take up the best Sort of Ranunculas and Anemonies after moderate showers of Rain the stalks dry and withered and the roots in a good Temper Take up the Bulbs of Tulips cover those presently that lie naked on the Beds or transplant them to a cooler soil water dry or parched Beds as also the pots of Japan Narcissus prevent some Scabious from running to seed which now may be done by removing them and so the following Year they will produce very good Flowers Take up the Roots of such Flowers and plants as will endure not to be out of the Ground and immediately â—plant them in fresh soil as Oriental Jacinth Cyâ—men Frittilania Iris-crown Imperial Deus Caniâ— Muscaris Bulbous Jacinths c. Flowers blowing or continuing c. DOuble Poppies Phalangium Allobrogicum Amazanthus Asphodell Hedisarum Giadiolus Claâ—antis Panonica Blataria Millafolium yellow and â—ite Martagon Red and white Gentian Helebore Niâ—lla Astrea Atticus Bulbous-iris Hedisarum early â—rk-heel Genistia of Spain Pinks Orinthgalum Mount â—lies white and red with some others Leo ♌ or the Lyon JULY â—ings proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this Month. â—â—ip stocks the beginning of this Month with other Lignous plants and flowers lay Carnations and Gilâ—owers not suffering to remain above two or three spinâ—s for the Flowers Take away the superfluous Buds â—port those that remain with stays against the Wind â—stroy Earwigs and other Insects that annoy them Layers in a good light loamy Earth will take Root six Weeks set as many of them as may conveniently one pot to save room in Winter let not too much â—et come at them if it prove too wet lay the pots â—e-ways and shade those that blow from the Heat of â—e Sun in the Afternoons Take up early Cyclamen Bulbs and Tulips which you may immediately plant or if Conveniency permiâ— not you may do it any time within a Month after trim them and cut off the Fibres spreading in an early Place very dry but do not separate the off-sets of Tulips and the like till the principal Bulbs be fully dry Gather seeded Tulips and permit the seeds to continue in the Pods also the seed of early Cyclamen and immediately sow it pots or cases Remove Crocus that are seedlings of the last Septemâ—ber giving them wide Intervails till they come to Peâ—fection Take up some sorts of Aurunculas Persian-iris Crâ—cus Crown Imperial Frettillaria and Colchicums plaâ— the Iris and the two last as soon as you have taken theâ— up if you have conveniency else in August or September may do tollerably well or you may defer their taking up till then and replant Colchicums remove Deuâ— Canius c. Sift your Beds from the Off-sets of Tulips toward the latter end of this Month also for Bulbous-roots Ranunculas Anemonies and the like which will preparâ— them for setting or plunging such Things as are in youâ— Pots and require to be set in the naked Earth till thâ— next Season some sort of Anemonies may now be soweâ— in Ground that is temperately moist cut away the withered stalks that incumber the roots of your Flowers covering the bared Roots with fresh Earth To destroâ— Worms and other Insects strew Pot ashes on your Grass plat and Carpet-walks and to the same end water youâ— Gravel-walks with Water wherein tobacco-Tobacco-stalks havâ— been boiled Flowers blowing this Month or continuing ASpodes Amaranthus Phalangium Delphium Veronicâ— Odoriferous and Purple Sultan Connalnusus Volabilis Thlapse Criticum Geranius Triste Fraxenela Hedisaurum Corn-flower Alkengi Double and White Jacca Scorpion Grass Monthly Rose Jacinths and some others Virgo â™ or the Virgin-Sign AUGUST Things proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this month THis Month take up Bulbous Iris sow the Seeds of them as also of Collumbines Candy-Tufts â—ark-heels Holyocks Iron-coloured Fox Gloves and other Plants that have strength to endure the approachâ—ng season Plant some Anemony-roots for Winter flowers take â—o the last Years seedlings