that spread Nets upon the Water shall languish that the great Sea business of Fishing be not forthwith set forward May it please your Majesty P. 203. I have the rather undergone the pains of looking into the Policies of the Dutch and French because I have heard them profess they hoped to get the whole Trade of Christendom into their hands And how near the French had got the Trade and Holland into the Bargain let them judge that best understand the Advantage we have by the present War IV. The French King hath been disciplining a victorious Britannia Languens p. 207. and mighty Army and exhausting us by his Trade with a great addition of loss by his Capers and at last hath as it were forced a General Peace Wherefore in order to our future Safety it is indispensibly 276. and speedily necessary to improve and regulate our Trade to the utmost And a compleat regulation of our Trade would render it prodigiously beneficial perhaps 286. more than all the Trade of Europe besides considering how our Advantages in Trade will reduce the Trade of our Neighbours as ours does improve If our Trade had been regulated 291. the very Dutch would have forsaken those Provinces for England or if they had remained they would have been Carriers for the English as they have been to the French and will rather be so for the future The Trade of the World have long courted England P. 301. but never with so much importunity or with so much advantage as now This great Lady affecting Freedom and security hath no inclination to continue under the Arbitrary Power of the French With France she hath resided only as a Sojourner but is ready to espouse our Interest and Nation and with her self to bestow upon us the Treasure of the World But if we will still continue inexorable and stubborn things are grown to such a Crisis that we may have reason to fear that this is the last time of asking And that she may suddenly turn this kindness for the Kingdom into such a fury as we shall not be able to withstand Shall we then embrace so advantageous overtures or shall we proceed in our present Methods I shall leave it here to be computed P. 279. how near a Million per An. our French over-balance hath been ever since the Prohibition not forgetting the courtesie of our Merchants who hearing of the Prohibition imported of French Goods to the value of about a Million V. Besides those fruitfull Islands Speed 's Chron. P. 1. that dispersedly are scattered about the Main like to beautifull Pearl that incompass a Diadem the Isle of Great Britain does raise itself first to our sight as to the body of that most famous and mighty Empire whereof many other Kingdoms and Countries are Parcels and Members being by the Almighty so set in the Main Ocean as that She is thereby the High Admiral of the Seas and the Terrestrial Globe So seated as that She is worthily reputed both the Garden of Pleasure and the Store-house of Profit opening her Havens every way sit to receive all Foreign Traffick and to utter her own into all other parts and therefore as the Sovereign Lady and Empress of the rest deserves our description in the first place And Mr. Reynell saith thus of Jamaica Jamaica is the place that will turn to a great Advantage to the English on many Accounts English Interest p. 83. as by lying so near the Isthmus of Panama and for several other Advantages which I shall not now mention But the very Situation of the Island is extraordinary remarkable and it was the greatest Blessing imaginable that we left the Enterprize of Hispaniola and set on this Island For if we had studied an Age to fix in a place where we might Center the richest Treasure and Trade of the Indies here it must be For Jamaica is Situated so well for Trade or Conquest of the Main if there be Occasion that no Island in the World lyes like it for Advantage it being the Key of the Indies and naturally the Seat of Riches and Empire So that if they had but a Trade once with the Indies adjoyning they have no way to avoid being the richest Colony in the Indies it being wholly surrounded with the main Land and Islands lying in the very Belly of all Commerce in the In-land Sea of Porto Bell which is in the heart of America and near the Mexican Gulph between Peru and Mexico facing to the South and West the richest Continent in the World from which not distant any where much above 100 Leagues Against it on the North lie the two great Islands of Cuba and Hispaniola and a little behither Eastward are the Caribbee Islands but this lieth in the midst of all as Queen of the Indian Isles and no Ship that comes from the West Indies but must pass by one End of this Isle before they come to the Gulph of Florida which place all Ships must pass that come for Europe And had we but a Trade with the Indies so near Neighbours to us we should vend more Commodities than we could send them and have in Exchange store of Silver 'T were the Spaniards Interest also to let us have a free Trade and share with them of some few Port-Towns on the Continent to maintain a Trade and Neighbourliness between us so should we not endanger them but equally defend the Indies with them and they by our means have twice the Riches yearly come home to Spain that now they have Now saith the same Author in his Preface it is a very hard Case if the Heavenly Bounty shall by Nature thus furnish us with so great Assistances and we should not add to it and give some Advance by our own Art and Industry bringing in whatever Foreign Arts Trades or Husbandry may be profitable to us ☜ For doubtless we may Aggrandize our Trade to an inestimable Account if we would our selves and make our Territories as rich and populous as we please under so Glorious a King and Government as we have had we but that publick Spirit as we ought and gave Countenance to brave Actions and industrious Men and minded the Business of Trade and Populacy as much as we do Pleasures and Luxuries And if we were but Industrious no Nation can exceed us in a home or foreign Trade and for foreign Trade England lies so surrounded with our Neighbour Nations that it seems designed for all manner of Riches and for the Seat of the Empire VI. The Kingdom of Heaven saith my Lord Bacon in his Summary Treatise to King James the First touching the enlarging of the Bounds of Empire is compared not to an Acorn or Nut but to a Grain of Mustard-seed which is one of the least Grains but hath in it a Property and Spirit hastily to get up and spread it self So are there Kingdoms and States in Compass and Territories very
Commodity in Money ☞ than in Exchange for other Commodities because the value thereof is less certain and the Transportation more chargeable As touching the Plenty of Money that is as necessary to the Advance of the Trade P. Ditto as of the goodness of it For according to the Plenty thereof ☞ will be the Plenty of the Manufactures because Handy-crafts having no Commodities but their labour cannot work for Exchange nor can Exchange supply rents and maintenance to the greater sort of People To this end therefore it is provided against melting of Money and Exportation of Silver and Gold 6 Edw. 3. cap. 2.3 17 Rich. 2 c 1. And yet to encourage or not discourage importation of Silver and Gold ☞ liberty was given to every man to export so much as they did import provided that what they carry away must be of the New Stamp This is ancient and I take it to be true Policy And see England's Treasure by Foreign Trade p. 34. cap. 4. That the Exportation of our Moneys in Trade of Merchandice is a means to encrease our Treasures or minted in this Nation By this means Bullion came in with probability that much thereof would remain in the Nation in lien of Commodities exported or if not the greater part yet at least the Mint gained and that was some benefit to the Nation And tho' the Mint was settled by the Parliament yet the Exchange was left to the Directory of the King and his Council because the Exchange is an uncertain thing subject to sudden alterations in other Nations and its necessary that in this Country it be as suddenly balanced with the Exchange in other Countries or in a short time the Nation may receive extream Damage And lastly to watch the course of the Exchange in Foreign Parts and to parallel the course thereof in this Land thereunto ☜ for otherwise the Publick must necessarily suffer so long as private Men seek their own particular Interest only in their course of Trade That there be more of Publick Good in Merchandice ☜ and the Confusion of Trade taken away It were well the Mysteries of Exchange were more publickly known and also that there were a Committee of Trade mixed with the chief able Merchants to continue always who should still be on the discovery and study for the Improvement of Trade English Interest P. 16. VII For there are open as well as private Enemies to the publick Good as I find particularly by a Printed Paper Intituled For encouraging the Coyning Silver Money in England and after for keeping is here Which is a parcel of Pretension and all stuff as the short Observations thereon plainly sheweth Pag. 2. 3. and pag. 4. 5. it affirms that the Reason why we have not had more Money come to our Mint is in short this England sending more consumable Commodities to Spain than it receives from thence the Merchants who managed that Trade bring back the Over-plus in Bullion which at their return they sell as a Commodity The Chapmen that give highest for this are as in all cases of buying and selling those who can make most Profit by it and those are the Returners of our Money by Exchange into those Countries where our Debts any way contracted make a need of it For they getting 6.8.10 c. per Cent. according to the want and demand of Money from England there and according to the risk of the Sea buy up this Bullion assoon as it comes in to send it to their Correspondents in those Parts to make good their Credit for the Bills they have drawn on them and so can give more for it than the Mint rate i e. more than an equal weight of Mill'd Money for an equal weight of Standard Bullion they being able to make more Profit of it by Returns Suppose the Balance of our Trade with 〈◊〉 were in all other Commodities equal but that in the last East-India Sale we bought of them of East-India Commodities to the value of a Million to be paid in a Month a Million must be return'd into Holland this presently raises the Exchange and the Traders in Exchange sell their Bills at high rates but the Ballance of Trade being as is suppos'd in the Case equal in all other Commodities this Million can no way be repay'd to their Correspondents on whom those Bills were drawn but by sending them Money or Bullion to reimburse them This is the true Reason why the Bullion brought from Spain is not carried to the Mint to be Coyn'd but bought by Traders in Foreign Exchange ☞ and Exported by them to suppply the overplus of our Expences there which are not paid for by our Commodities VIII In the true English Interest published 1674 1674. and fore-quoted I find pa. 3. and Ca. 2. the following particulars 1. That Nation that values Money most shall have most of it Answ Which as he must mean them are confuted by his own words immediately following 2. Wherefore it is good that the value of Coyn be always somewhat higher than in our Neighbour Nations so can we not fail of having it from them Answ ☞ If we and all Nations should think so the World would to out do one another raise their Coin to the highest value untill to the undoing of themselves they brought it to nothing worth and so to be of no use 3. Also to keep Money in a Nation it is good to allay it a little and to Coin much small Money Answ Providence hath so ordered it for the general good of Mankind that one Nations like one Mans meat may be another Nations Poyson and that which is good Policy in Holland may in England be great Imprudence If then his Majesty shall be pleased Cottoni Posthuma p. 198. 199. by advice of his Council to advantage himself any otherwise by Coynage it will be safer to do it upon a simple Metal than by any Implyant or better sute which well govern'd States both Modern and Ancient used For Rome in her Increase and greatest pitch of Glory ☞ had their Money aere argento oaur puto puro and so have all the Monarchies absolute at this day in Christendom Ditto p. 199. And I believe it may be wrought to his Majesty of good value and to the State of much case if it may be put in practice with discreet caution and constant Resolution for the danger only may be in the venting the quantity which may clog the State with useless Money or extension of the Example which may work in by degrees an Embasement of Bullion And the Form and Figure may with an Engine so subtilly be Milled that the charge will prevent all practice of false play Pa. 200. Besides it cannot but prevent much wast of Silver Pa. 201. that is by the minting Pence and half Pence occasion'd there will be no cause hereafter to cut any Bullion into proportion so apt for
great and yet not so apt to enlarge their Bounds or Command and some on the other hand that have but a small Dimension of Stem and yet are apt to be the Foundation of great Monarchies And in his Considerations touching a War with Spain He saith to King Charles the First then Prince Your Highness hath an imperial Name it was a Charles that brought the Empire first into France a Charles that brought it first into Spain and why should not Great Britain have it's Turn England being by Nature the Emporium of the World is certainly the fittest Seat for the Empire of the Vniverse as well as that of the Ocean which as my Lord Bacon saith Is the principal Dowry of the Kingdom of Great Britain and is of great Import to us because most of the Kingdoms of Europe are not merely in Land but girt with the Sea most part of their Compass and because the Treasures and Wealth of both Indies seems in a great part but an Accessary to the Command of the Sea and what the Command of the Sea is we may see by the Success of the Battle of Lepanto which put a Ring into the Nose of the Turk by that of the Battel of Actium That decided the Empire of the World and by that of our last Sea Fight with the French VII And as we have a Country so fit for the Seat of the Empire so have we a King as fit to be Supream Head and Governour thereof A Man of War from his Touch up and one that is Master of the Four Mistriss and Moral Vertues Prudence Justice Fortitude and Temperance such a one as Solomon seems to have Prophesied of when he told the World That the Power of the Earth was in the hands of the Lord and he would in due time set over it one that is profitable And since we have such a King and such a Goliah to fight our Battels for us in Person a Man after such a Countries own Heart we cannot but sollicite Heaven and all the Host thereof to send him the Success of David and the Hearts of his Friends as well as the Necks of the Enemies For God hath been pleased in great Pity His Grace the late Archbishop of Canterbury 4 Vol. of Serm. p. 78 79. to this sinful and unworthy Nation to raise him on purpose for it and to that End did in his All-wise Providence lay the Foundation of our Deliverance in that Auspicious Match which was concluded here in England This is that most Illustrious House of Nassaw and Orange which God hath so highly honoured above all the Families of the Earth to give a Check to the two great Aspiring Monarchs of the West and bold Attempters upon the Liberty of Europe To the one in the last Age and to the other in the present As if the Princes of this Valiant and Victorious Line had been of the Race of Hercules born to rescue mankind from Oppression and to quel Monsters The House of Nassaw is without Contradiction Lives of the Princes of Orange p. 9. one of the greatest and ancientest in all Germany For besides its high Alliances the number of its Branches and the Honour of giving an Emperor near Four hundred Years since it has this particular Advantage to have continued ten entire Ages and to boast with the State of Venice as a Learned man saith that it's Government is founded upon a Basis of a Thousand years standing No Age of all Antiquity has produced a more extraordinary Man than William of Nassaw Prince of Orange Speaking of the Life of William of Nassaw Prince of Orange Founder of the Common-Wealth of the united Provinces in the Neitherlands p. 1. Examine all the Heroes of Plutarch and all those great Men who lived since that admirable Historian and it 't will be Difficult to find any upon Record who possessed more eminently all those Vertues and good Qualities that enter into the Composition of a brave Man The Victories and Conquest of Allexander and Caesar do not so much deserve our Admiration the first was Master of all Greece and at the Head of a Warlike and well disciplin'd Army the other absolutely Commanded half the Roman Legions who governed all the World With these great Forces and Advantages they enter'd upon the Stage made their first Victories the Forerunners to the next pursued their Blow and the one overthrew the Empire of the Persians and the other the Roman Commonwealth But Prince William had equall'd the Glory of these great Conquerors by Attacking the formidable Power of King Philip of Spain without any Army or Forces and by maintaining himself many Years against him His Courage was always greater than his Misfortunes and when all the World thought him ruin'd and he was driven out of the Netherlands he entred them again immediately at the Head of a new Army and by his great Conduct laid the Foundation of their Common Wealth A Prince the best qualified for a Throne New State of England p. 122 c. Speaking of his present Majesty being great without Pride true to his Word wise in his Deliberations secret in his Councils generous in his Attempts undaunted in Danger Valiant without Cruelty who loves Justice with Moderation Government without Tyranny Religion without Persecution and Devotion without Hypocrisie or Superstition A Prince undaunted under all Events never puffed up with Success or disheartned with Hardships and Misfortunes always the same tho' under various Circumstances which is the true Symptom of a Great Soul This generous Temper of the King is suitable to his Extraction being descended from an ancient and illustrious Family which seems to have been appointed by Providence ever since the Reformation for the Preservation of God's Church and a Check to Tyranny VIII And this Great King and that Country which is so honoured and happy with him calls to my mind Mr. Quarles's Colloquy with his Soul So now Boanerges and St. Barnabas p. 109. my Soul thy Happiness is entail'd and thy Illustrious Name shall live in thy succeeding Generations Thy Dwelling is establish'd in the Fat of all the Land The best of all the Land is thine and thou art planted in the best of Lands A Land whose Constitutions make the best of Government which Government is strengthened with the best of Laws Good Laws but ill executed A Land of Strength and of Plenty A Land whose Beauty hath surprized the ambitious Hearts of Foreign Princes A Land whose native Plenty makes her the World's Exchange supplying others and able to subsist without supply from them That hath no misery but what is propagated from that blindness which cannot see her own Felicity A Land that flows with Milk and Honey and in brief wants nothing to deserve the Title of a Paradise The Curb of Spain the Pride of Germany the Aid of Belgia the Scourge of France the Queen of Nations and the Empetess of the World And being as he
to bear themselves against the strong Storms that blow there As Nature hath instructed those Kings of Trees so hath Reason taught the Kings of Men to root themselves in the hardy Hearts of their faithful Subjects And as those Kings of Trees have large Tops so have the Kings of Men large Crowns Whereof as the first would soon be broken from their Bodies were they not under-born by many Branches so would the other easily totter were they not fastned in their Heads ☞ with strong Chains of Civil Justice and Martial Discipline 1. P. 154. For the Administration of the First even God himself hath given direction Judges and Officers shalt thou make which shall Judge the People with righteous Judgment 2. The second is grounded on the first Laws of the World and Nature That Force is to be repall'd by Force Yea Moses in the 20th of Exodus and elsewhere hath deliver'd us many Laws and Policies of War ☞ But as we have heard of the Neglect and Abuse in both so have we heard of the Decline and Ruin of many Kingdoms and States before our days For that Policy hath ever yet prevail'd though it hath served for a short season where the Counterfeit hath been sold for ☞ the Natural and the outward Show and Formality for the Substance Of the Emperour Charles IV. the Wrâ—â—â—â— of that Age witâ—â—â—â— That he used but the Name of Justice and good Rule and Order being more learned in the Law than in doing Right ☜ and that he had by far more Knowledge and Law than Conscience XV. But we will forbear for a while to stretch this first String of Civil Justice For in respect of the first sort of Men Husband-men P. 156. viz. of those that live by their own Labour they have never been displeased where they have been suffer'd to enjoy the Fruit of their own Travels Meum and Tuum is all wherein they seek their Certainty and Protection But Meum and Tuum is now a long time a trying when the Defendant runs from one Court to another and at last betakes himself to the Resuge or Assylum of Summum Judicium True it is That they are the Fruit. Trees of the Land P. 156. which ☜ God in Deuteronomy commanded to be * And here let me note against the common Policy and Practice of the Nation that the Sea and Land I mean the Land and Navigation ought to be Taxed less and the Faseful and Idle more than any other things in the Kingdom To Tax the Land ever-much and Navigation in never so little is to stop the very Vitals of Trade and by consequence to decrease our Soldiers Sea-men and Treasure The Sea-men and Shipping as they are the Walls of our Nation must be encouraged by all means imaginable And the Land-men must have Stock by them to improve their Lands and their Mansions and to keep Houses of Hospitality Which if they do not they ruin the poor Labourers by not employing them And if they do employ them and keep Houses of Hospitality they will ruin themselves if their Estates be over-taxed So that the Vices the Luxury and Gallantry of the Nation ought to be mostly consider'd in that respect spared They gather Honey and hardly enjoy the Wax and break the Ground with great Labour giving the best of their Grain to the Easeful and Idle For the second sort which are the Merchants Merchants P. 157. as the first feed the Kingdom so do these enrich it yea their Trades especially those which are forcible are not the least part of our Martial Policy And to do them right they have in all Ages and Times assisted the Kings of this Land not only with great Summs of Money but with great Fleets of Ships in all their Enterprizes beyond Sea The third sort which 〈◊〉 the Geâ—â—â—y of England they being neither 〈◊〉 in the lowest Ground and thereby subject to the biting of every Beast nor in the highes◠〈◊〉 and thereby in danger to be torn with Tempests but in the Valleys between both have their part in the inferiour Justice and being spread over all are the Garrisons of good Order throughout the Realm XVI In the Situation of Countries and Cities P. 142. Situation for Safety and Plenty there is to be requir'd a Place of Safety by some natural Strength commodiousness for Navigation and Conduct for the obtaining of plenty of all good Things for the Sustenance and Comfort of Man's Life and to draw Trade and Intercourse of other Nations In former times P. 14. Multitude of Inhabitants great Nations Kings and Potentates have endured sharp Conflicts and held it high Policy by all means to enor ease their Cities by multitudes of inhabitants ☞ And to this End the Româ—â—tâ— ever furnished themselves with Strength and Power to make their Neighbour-People of Necessity willing to draw themselves to dwell at Rome Romulus after a mighty Fight with the Sabines condescended to Peace upon condition that their King should come with all their People to dwell at Rome The same Course held Tamberlane the Great whereby he enlarged the Great Samarcanda And the Ottomans to make the City Constantinople rich and great brought to it many Thousand Families especially Artificers out of the subdued Cities Religion Religion which is of such Force and Might to amplifie Cities and Dominions and of such Attractive Vertue to replenish the same with People and Wealth and to have them in due Obedience as ☞ none can be more For without Adoration of some Deity no Common-wealth can subsist Witness Jerusalem Rome Constantinople and all other Cities that have been famous for the Profession of Religion and Divine Worship Court of Justice with due Execution of the same Justice P. 147. in a City do much enable enlarge and enrich it ☞ For it fastneth a great liking in a City to vertuous Men and such as be wealthy that therein they may be free from the Violence and Oppressions of covetous and wicked Men and there will be rather resort thither to inhabit or traffick there as occasion may minister unto them And 〈…〉 have Câ—use of 〈◊〉 will repair thither ☜ whâ—â—e they may be 〈◊〉 to find Indgment and Justice duely executed where by a 〈◊〉 City must needs be enriched and enlarged For our Lives and Fortunes and all that ever we have in the ☜ World is in the Hands of Justice So that if Justice be not duly and truly and without delay ☜ administred amongst Men in vain is there any Society and Commerce ☜ XVII Put the Case as it is mine That I had been a Factor at Zant and a Merchant in London should give me a Commission to lay out 4000 l. for him on a Cargoe of Currans and to re-imburse my self on him by way of Venice I lay out the 4000 l. and lade the Ship and when the Ship is gone from Zant the Merchant in London writes to his