the River Anay they Refitted and came to Chincheo where Faria hired 35 Portugueses he found there Putting to Sea again he found eight Portugueses naked and wounded in a Fisher-Boat They told him the Pyrat Coja Hazem had taken their Ship in the Port of the Island Cumbor that it was worth Two hundred thousand Ducats and that they with difficulty had escaped in that condition Faria was overjoyed to hear News of that Pyrat and turned eight Leagues back to Layloo to provide for the Fight There he changed his Old Vessels for New provided Arms Ammunition and Men paying generously for every thing He had in his four Vessels Five hundred Men whereof 95 Portugueses 40 Pieces of Cannon 160 Musquets 6000 Darts other Arms and much Ammunition In a day and half he came to the Fisheries where Coja Hazem had robbed those Portugueses and was informed by Fishermen that he was two Leagues off in the River Tinlau To be sure he sent one to discover him 6. Before Day began a most furious Fight and the Pyrats four Ships were reduced to great streights when four small ones came to their relief One of our Cannon was so well pointed that it sank the first of them downright and killed some Men in another The Fight was renewed and Coja encouraged his Men till Faria boarding gave him such a Cut over the Head as struck him down without sense and with another stroak Ham-strung him that he could not rise His Men gave our Captain three Wounds but he being relieved the Victory was compleat it cost 43 Men eight of them Portugueses Of the Enemy almost 400 died above half drowned leaping over to save themselves 7. Faria Landed and buried his dead He found in a House 96 Men left there by Coja Hazem to be cured these though they cried for Mercy he destroyed firing the House Here he performed a most Magnanimous act which was That he restored the Portugues Ship to the Owners and gave liberty to the Slaves paying their Masters as he had Vowed when he went on this Design What booty remained to him was worth 100000 Crowns 8. Sailing hence that Night rose such a violent Storm that Faria's Ship and another were cast away and most of the Goods of the others was thrown Over-board to the Value of Two hundred thousand Ducats One hundred and eleven Men were lost the Eleven Portugueses Thirteen that escaped drowning were carried Prisoners to Nauday where Faria with the five remaining Vessels came to an Anchor He offered the Governour of the City Three thousand Crowns for the Prisoners The Answer was such as obliged him to resolve to hazard all to obtain by force what he could not effect with Courtesie and Mony Our Men were fearful of the greatness of the Enterprize but he so encouraged them that they resolved to follow him He had in all 470 Men 60 of them Portugueses out of the whole he chose 300 for this Action which hapned the beginning of the Year 1542. 9. After sending another Civil Message to which the Governour answered by hanging the Messenger he Landed as they marched Twelve thousand Foot and an hundred Horse came out of the City to meet them our Musqueteers killed at least Three hundred of them and pursued the rest to a Bridge that led into the City The Governour was within on Horseback with Six hundred Men maintaining the Pass till killed by a Shot at that sight his Men fled Faria pursues them with great slaughter till they run out at the other end of the Town The City being plundered he that got least was Rich the remainder was consumed to Ashes Our Victorious Captain returned carrying the Prisoners he had recovered and many beautiful Women He lost eight Men one a Portugues and many wounded Now he prosecutes his Voyage towards the Mines 10. The Course was to Pulo Hindor an Island not inhabited where he designed to Winter and take some Rest it was fifteen Leagues off About the Islands of Commolem he was attacked by two great Ships in which were Two hundred Resolute Men Commanded by the Pyrat Premata Gundel a mortal Enemy to the Portugueses to whom he had done great harm but thought now these had been Chinese Merchants One of the Pyrats boarding one of ours Quiay Panjau came to his Relief with all his Sails abroad and run so furiously foul of the Pyrat that they both sunk down right Quiay and most of his Men were saved by the care of our Men. The Pyrat himself had boarded Faria who was in danger of being lost but at length was Victorious killing 90 Moors that had entred his Ship Then he boarded the Enemies and put all to the Sword This cost us 17 Men five of them Portugueses above forty were wounded and Faria himself had two great Cuts and a hurt of a Spear The Prize was valued at 120000 Ducats They staid 20 Days in the Island Buncaleu to cure the Wounded men Thence they steered to the Gates of Liampo which are two Islands three Leagues distant from the City of that Name built by the Portugueses who there Governed in the nature of a Commonwealth CHAP. VII Continues still the Exploits of Antony de Faria in the Government of D. Stephen de Gama and the Year 1942. 1. ANntony de Faria being Anchored at those Gates of Liampo sent to ask leave of the Inhabitants to enter the Port They returned a courteous Answer praying him to defer it six days till they had prepared a House to entertain him The term expired upon Sunday Morning when he hoised Sail and went up accompanied with many Boats sent from the Town to receive him with Three hundred Townsmen who saluted and welcomed him the River resounding with the noise of Musical Instruments 2. About Two hundred Ships then in the Port were placed in two Lines and made a Lane through which as Faria passed all the Cannon of the Vessels and ashoar were fired Some Chineses seeing this great Reception asked Whether that was the King of Portugal's Brother or near Kinsman and were Answered He was his Smiths Son which so surprized them they concluded the Kingdom of Portugal to be the greatest in the World From his Ship Faria went into a Barge shaded with a Natural Chesnut Tree the Fruit hanging on the Boughs and was seated on a Silver Chair placed upon six Steps adorned with Gold On the sides were six beautiful Maids richly clad who sang and play'd sweetly and thus he was carried to the Key 3. Where was a richer Chair carried upon Mens shoulders covered with a rich Canopy about it 60 Halberdeers and before it went 16 Men mounted on fine Horses before these eight with Silver Maces all in most rich Attire Faria long refused to be thus carried but was forced to submâ—… and in this manner came to a large Scaffold covered with fine Tapistry There he was placed on his Chair and received the Complements of the Magistrates in the Name of the City and
ashoar for Water but on a sudden the Cannon of the Town began to do great execution upon our Ships which drew off hastily not knowing the cause of this turn till some time after they understood 2000 men sent by the King of Ormuz for the defence of the place were newly arrived and their Officers refused to stand to the Peace Albuquerque had received no small damage from the great Cannon which was plaid very smartly but landing his men at break of day he assaulted the Town so couragiously and fortunately that as our men entred in at one Gate the Moors ran out at another The Place was plundered all except the Governours House saved because he received our men friendly and gave them notice to retire when the Relief came though he was killed in the confusion not being known This done he passed to Soar all the Inhabitants whereof fled except the Governour and some of the Principal Moors who offered it up to Albuquerque and received it back to hold of King Emanuel paying the same Tribute he had given to him of Ormuz 15 Leagues farther is Orfucam where he found little to do the Inhabitants having deserted it he sent after them his Nephew Don Antonio with 100 men who having received almost equal damage to what he did the Moors being numerous and fighting for their Wives and Children returned with 22 Prisoners The Town was plundered for the space of three days during which time he prepared to enter into the Harbour of Ormuz which was the Principal End of this Voyage and to which these exploits were but a prelude being small in his esteem though to others they might appear considerable 2. The City Ormuz is seated in a little Island called Gerum at the Mouth of the Persian Gulf about 3 Leagues in compass so barren that it produces nothing but Salt and Sulphur The Buildings of the City are sumptuous it is the great Market of all Goods brought thither from the East West and North which is the reason that though it have nothing of its own it abounds in all things and is plentifully supplied from the Province Mâ—…gostam and the Islands Quixome Lareque and others About the Year 1273 King Malec Caez possessed all the Land from the Island Gerum to that of Baharem and bordered upon the King of Gordunxa of the Province of Mogastam this King subtilly obtaining of Malec the Island of Gerum as a place of no worth after he was fortified therein drove him out of all his Country And translating the City Ormuz where the King kept his Court before to this Island he grew so formidable that the King of Persia fearing he would refuse to pay the Tribute the other had done prepared to invade him But he of Gordunxa prevented him by imposing on himself a yearly Tribute and offering to do him Homage by his Embassadors every five years In this Tyrant began the City and Kingdom of Ormuz afterwards possessed by his Heirs and others for the most part violently When Albuquerque arrived there Ceyfadim a Youth of 12 years of age reigned and over him his Slave Coje Atar a man subtil and couragious Who hearing what had been done by Albuquerque made preparations laying an embargo upon all the Ships in the Harbour and hiring Troops from the Neighbouring Provinces Persians Arabians and others so that when Albuquerque came there were in the Town 30000 Fighting-men among them 4000 Persians most expert Archers and in the Harbour 400 Vessels 60 of considerable bulk with 2500 men 3. Albuquerque was not ignorant of the reception designed him but to shew those People the greatness of his Resolution he entred that Port about the end of September and came to an Anchor between five of their greatest Ships For the more terror he fired his Cannon and the Shoar was soon covered with above 8000 men Seeing no Message came from the King he sent aboard the biggest of those Ships which was of Cambaya and seemed to ride Admiral the Captain whereof presently camâ—… to and was received by him with Civility and State He told him he had Orders from his King to take him of Ormuz into his Protection and grant him leave to Trade in those Seas provided he paid a reasonable Tribute but if he refused his Orders were to make War It was doubtless no small Presumption to offer a King the liberty of his own Seas and impose Conditions upon him with that handful of 460 men against 33000 and seven Ships to 400 but the success justified these proceedings and verified those Actions which to some have appeared fabulous The Moor delivered this Message to the King and his Governour Coje Atar and presently returned one Coje Beyrame excusing their not having sent to know what we demanded in that Port and promising the Governour would come next day to treat He came not but the Messages continued only in order to gain time to sortifie the City and receive further Supplies Albuquerque saw into the drift and told Beyrame he need only return with the acceptation of Peace as offered or the declaration of War He brought answer that City used not to pay but receive Tribute Night coming on it appeared they prepared to fight by the noise of Warlike Instruments and Shouts that was heard from the Walls and Ships The Morning discovered the Walls Shoar and Vessels covered with Armed Men the Windows and tops of the Houses filled with both Sexes and all Ages as Spectators of what should ensue Albuquerque having held a Council and given necessary Orders began to play his Cannon furiously and was answered by the Enemy They taking the advantage of the Smoak which hindred the sight attacked our Ships with 130 Boats well manned which did some damage with Showers of Arrows but received more many being sunk and the rest forced to retire by our Artillery Yet they made a second onset but were so received that the Sea was coloured with Blood By this time Albuquerque had sunk two of the great Ships and taken a third though with great opposition forcing the Moors to leap into thâ—… Sea The mean time the other Captains had mastered other Ships and perceiving themselves victorious ran along the Shoar and set fire to above 30 Ships which cutting their Cables were drove flaming upon the Persian Coast where they burnt others that lay aground This struck so great a terror into all that multitude that they fled to the shelter of the City and Coje Atar sent to offer all that Albuquerque had demanded He stopt further proceedings but perceiving the deceitfulness of the Moor threatned a greater effect of his Anger in case he persisted in his Wiles And comparing the damage found that with the loss of 10 men most of the Enemies Vessels with vast Riches were either sunk burnt or torn to pieces and 1700 of them killed The dead Bodies floating upon the Water many were seen with Ornaments of beaten Gold which our men fished for and
an Elephant so carried to the King from whom he returned well pleased 4. All this was but a Bait to ensnare our People and therefore the King gave out he would do Lopez the Honour to dine with him in Publick He sent to invite him and the Invitation was accepted till he was informed by a Friend of Iao Utimutiraja that the Invitation was to murder him Then he gave credit to the advice sent him from a Persian Hostess by Duarte Fernandez after she had endeavoured to come aboard at Night and was not admitted by Sequeyra judging it some Love Intrigue but it proved one means to save those Ships Lopez excused himself by counterfitting an indisposition Another way was contrived to carry on the Treachery which was by offering lading of Spice saying it was requisite to send for it to three several places This took so well that 30 men were sent according to agreement whilst a Fleet of several Vessels was behind a Point of Land ready to assault our Ships at the same time the 30 were killed in the Town Mean while a Son of Utimutiraja came to visit Lopez and found him playing at Draughts He persuaded Lopez to continue his Game that he might the less observe him who offered a thousand times with a Dagger to kill him and only waited the sign from the Town when a Seaman who was Centinel upon one of the tops seeing a throng and hearing noise cried out Sir Sir Treachery Treachery they kill our men Lopez threw away the Draught-board with such fury that Utimutiraja's Son and those with him in a consternation leaped into their Boats All was done that could be expected upon a sudden and having sunk many of the Enemies Boats and forced the rest to retire and left 60 of our men in slavery and 8 killed they sailed and soon after took two Vessels bound for Malaca Lopez arrived at Cape Comori sent Teixeira and Sousa with their Ships to Cochin resolving though ill provided to return to Portugal alone being fearful of Albuquerque because he had sided with the Viceroy With great hazard he arrived at the Island Tercera 5. Albuquerque had now fixed every thing for his design upon Ormuz dispatched the Trading Ships and other affairs with great expedition About the end of Ianuary he sailed from Cochin with 1700 men in 21 Vessels of several sorts and sizes Albuquerque at the River Onor sent for the Pirat Timoja before spoken of who desirous of our Friendship and being Powerful came presently with much Provision He being skilful in the affairs of Asia Albuquerque communicated his design to him But he dissuaded shewing how much better it was to attempt Goa that was unprovided and would be more advantagious This pleased Albuquerque and hereupon calling his Captains to Council it was proposed to them by the said Timoja and the Design approved of and commended by all Timoja furnished 12 Ships giving out he would accompany the Portugueses to Ormuz to the end that Goa might be less provided Timoja had been dispossessed of his Fortune and ill treated by his Kindred and Neighbours The desire of revenge and recovering what he had lost caused his Love to our People that it may always appear that private Interests are the ruin of the Country On the 25th of February they came to an anchor in the Port of Goa CHAP. V. A continuation of the Conquest of the same Year 1510 Albuquerque Governing and King Emanuel Reigning 1. TIcuari is an Island on the Coast of Canara formed by two Mouths of the River Gacim its length from East to West 3 Leagues the breadth one There is in it Hill and Plain has good Water very Fruitful Pleasant Beautiful and Healthy On the Northern part of it is seated the City Goa which formerly was on the South This now in being was built by Melique Hozem a Moor 40 years before the arrival of the Portugueses The Old is not known when founded but some Authentick Writings have been found wherein is mentioned that Mantrasat King thereof above 100 years before confesses one only God the Incarnation of his Son and the Trinity and Unity whence appears they had knowledge of the true Faith to which may be added that when the City was taken there was found in a Wall a Copper Crucifix These might be the fruits of the Apostle St. Thomas's Preaching 2. About the year 1300 the Moors began to conquer India The first that attempted it with great Power was Xa Nosaradin King of Delhi with a Powerful Army he came down from the North conquering all the Gentiles as far as the Kingdom of Canara Thence he returned to Delhi leaving Habedxa to prosecute the Conquests who by his Valour and Conduct became so great that he coped with his Master which beginning his Nephew Madura prosecuting possessed himself of the Kingdom of Canara and casting off his Allegiance to the King he called the Kingdom Decan from the sundry Nations wherewith he Conquered it this Word signifying so much in that Language Too great an Empire always threatens ruin Mamudxa fearing this used great industry to secure himself which was effectual for some time but at length several Governours intrusted with Provinces of this Empire erected them into Sovereignties The greatest of these was he of Goa about the time of our coming into India called Sabayo deceased about the time of Albuquerque's design upon Goa and Cufo King of Hidalcan had possessed himself of the City and put it into the Hands of his Son Ismael The other Princes were Nizamaluco Mudremaluco Melic Verido Coje Moçadan Abexeiapado and Cotamaluco all great some very great Sabayo was born at Saba a City of Persia of very mean extraction but served the King of Decan so fortunately that he gave him the City Calberga Thence he extended his Conquests of the Pagans of Bisnagar and after over the Island of Goa lately possessed by the Moors come from Onor Melique Hozem being then Lord of it who defended it with 1200 men and was killed in the defence Goa had several dependencies and with these and others he gained Sabayo became the most Powerful of those Princes and consequently hated of them all He maintained himself against all whilst he lived sometimes by Policy sometimes by Force but his death produced great alteration 3. We left the great Albuquerque at anchor before the Bar of Goa let us see what he acted It was necessary to sail up the River on whose Bank the City is seated therefore he sent his Nephew Don Antonio de Noronha and Timoja to sound it A light Vessel leading the way spied a Brigantine of the Moors and giving it chase found they drew under a Fort well stored with Artillery and 400 men Commanded by Yaçu Gorgi a valiant Turk to secure the entrance of the River Don Antonio seeing the other in the chase pressed after him and though the attack of the Bulwark seemed difficult they attacked and after a stout resistance took it
Four thousand Men that were killed he set sail firing the Ships that were to spare by the loss of those Men. This great Success cost us but three Portugueses 8. The Commander D. Leonis bestow'd not only Praises but Money and Jewels on all that had signaliz'd themselves to the value of 15000 Crowns The Viceroy receiving advice of the danger the City was in sent to its relief Iohn de Silva Pereyra with Men and Ammunition in seven Ships but he came when the Siege was raised So the King of Ujantana our Neighbour with sixty Sail who visited our Captain in the Fort and was received with Royal Magnificence rejoycing at our Success not without trouble that he had no share in it 9. The Viceroy offended at the Insolence of the Natives of the Island Salsete who persecuted the new converted Christians fitted out a Fleet against them without letting his design be known When those of Salâ—…te least thought of it he fell upon them and destroyed 200 of their Idolatrous Temples Because we have sometimes mentioned this Island without speaking of an ancient and wonderful Structure that is in it it will not be amiss to say something of it here 10. In this Island is a high Mountain winding about which are 3000 Cells with each of them a Cistern all cut out of the solid Rock Under the same Mountain is a way cut through the same Rock with such Cells on the sides which is said to go as far as Cambaya which if so must run under the Sea F. Antony de Porto a Franciscan resolving to enquire into this Secret got Company Provision Torches and great quantity of strong Packthread and fastning an end at the Mouth of the way travelled seven days through it Then finding no end and the Provision growing short he returned by the help of the Thread having as he believed travelled fifty Leagues to his great admiration but not satisfied The Gentils said this was the Work of Bimilamansa who 〈◊〉 300 Years before was King of all that is between Bengala and the Mogol's Country Formerly a Learned Man of those Parts affirm'd this and some others were the Works of the holy Prince Iosaphat 11. The Affairs of the Molucos were not at all successful We left Gonâ—…alo Pereyra Marramaque on his Voyage to Amboyna he joined with the Kings of Bacham and 〈◊〉 set out for the Island Cebu where some Spaniards had settled under the Command of Michael Lopez de Lagaspa à Biscainer and a Man so valiant and subtle that he amuzed our Captain till he got together his Men that were dispersed and then expelled him the Island with shame for that if attacked at first the Spaniard had been utterly defeated To add to this Misfortune he lost almost Three hundred Men by a Sickness natural to that Country 12. Hence he passed to Amboina or Ito for it is called by both Names a most beautiful and pleasant Island abounding in Fish Flesh and Fruit of all sorts and delicious taste It is inhabited by two sorts of people the Ulimas who are native Mahometans and have three Towns the Ulensivas are Heathens and have four Our Captain found the Natives assisted by Six hundred of the Islanders of Iava and well fortified under the Command of Gemiro Governour of those Islands He attacked them with such peril and was so vigorously opposed he seemed rather to fight for Life than Victory 13. At length the Portugueses prevailing were in danger of being overcome by their great Disorder in plundering The Captain rectified all by firing the Booty and many of the Men were scorched whose Covetousness overcame the fear of the Flames The Enemy retired to a Mountain and there compounded only for Life laying down their Arms. But the People of Amboina having been the first among those Islands who admitted the Portugueses offering Subjection to our Crown Lands and leave to erect a Pillar in their Metropolis with the Royal Arms of Portugal and finally embracing our Religion and contracting Marriages with us it will be convenient to look a little back in order to proceed in the relation of these Affairs and particularly of one wonderful Passage that may serve as an Example to such as pretend to Plant Colonies CHAP. IV. The End of the Government of the Viceroy D. Anton. de Noronna 1. THEY who know with what kindness the People of Amboina at first received us will be earnest to understand the Cause why now they are become our mortal Enemies The worst is they had so just a Cause which was thus The People of Curon I suppose this should be Ceram became implacable Enemies to those of Amboina on no other account but that they received the Portugueses admitted their Religion and contracted Marriages with them Hereupon they resolved to expel not only the Portugueses but even the Natives out of the Island accordingly on a sudden came uponthem with a great Power Those of Amboina had been ruin'd but that the Portugues stood by them and to be short utterly defeated their Enemies 2. The People of Amboina to shew their Gratitude to those who had defended them invited them to a splendid Entertainment The Wives of those who made the Feast came abroad to see the Portugueses entertain'd One of these doubtless he was drunk was so charmed with the Beauty of one of those Women or so blinded with Lust that leaping suddenly from his Seat he catched her in his Arms with such insolence after being three times admonished without desisting that if Genulius a Man of great Authority had not interposed the Portugueses had there been all cut to pieces And well they had deserved it for it appears they did not hinder or obstruct so insolent and publick a lustful Extravagancy which openly in the sight of the World durst force a Hand to those Parts which even with consent are not touched but in private and without Witnesses 3. Those People burned with the desire of Revenge for the affront they had receiv'd and look'd upon as most hainous Nor could Genulius appease them but by expelling the impudent Guests which he desir'd as much as any looking upon himself equally concerned in that Injury and knowing it was a new offence every time the injured saw him that gave the wrong he therefore reproaching them with the hainousness of the Crime and shewing how greatly they were favour'd in having their Lives spared ordered them instantly to depart the Island and never more presume to set their feet upon it 4. The People overturning the Tables with furious Countenances gave them to understand they would by force execute what Genulius had directed if the Portugueses doubted doing of it by fair means There was nothing to do but submit so they went away to their Ships full of shame their general Confusion paying for the Impudence of one in which all had a share because none reproved it 5. Scarce had the Portugueses left the Shore when those of Amboina prescribed
alive One answered Yes for doubtless she was immortal And they replied Then certainly it was the Lady Marian. So they call the Blessed Virgin Many said they saw her at Lawrence de Brito's Quarter so bright that she blinded them And some who went to see her Image in the Churches were converted and staid in Town 18. Nizamaluco was desirous to treat of Peace but was not willing to shew it Our Commander wished as much as he and was as backward in making it appear At length both Sides abated and a Treaty was set on foot Faretecan and Azafacan were Commissioners for Nizamaluco Peter de Silva and Meneses and Anthony de Teyve for our Commander in Chief and D. Francis Mascarennas Baroche for the Captain of the City The Substance of the Accommodation was a League Offensive and Defensive between Nizamaluco and King Sebastian This Agreement was celebrated with great Joy and sending of rich Presents on both Sides All this might have been done without so much Effusion of Blood Nizamaluco raised his Camp and returned home CHAP. XI The Proceedings of Zamori upon this Occasion and during the Government of D. Luis de Ataide 1. ZAmori the third Chief of this League who was to act by Sea as Sovereign thereof among those of India performed his Part very coldly After Goa and Chaul had been Besieged a Month he instead of putting his Fleet to Sea sent to treat of Peace with the Viceroy either by this means to amuze him or else to gain some Advantage upon his pressing Necessities For few Princes follow the Dictates of Honour when opposite to their Interest This Affair being proposed in Council at Goa it was unanimously agreed to accept of a Peace though upon hard terms But the Viceroy who had resolved to loose all or nothing said He would make no Peace unless upon such Terms as he might expect in the most flourishing Condition 2. Zamori seeing this Design fail set out a Fleet about the end of February under the Command of Catiproca Marca He soon appeared before Chaul with twenty-one Sail and a great number of Men whereof above One thousand were Musqueteers and passed by Night through all our Gallies and Galleons that filled the Port without opposition The Entrance was defended against only two Paraos whereof one got in the other not The Malabars with reason boasted of this Action and Nizamaluco's Men rejoyced at the Success 3. Nizamaluco was much pleased at the arrival of the Malabars posted the 1000 Musqueteers and then perswaded the Officers to attack our Ships which were under the Command of Leonel de Sousa A great number of Calemutes which are small Vessels that King made use of were crammed full of Men to accompany the twenty-one Malabars every one going as to a sure Victory They set out with great eagerness bearing down upon Lionel de Sousa and fled with the same precipitation seeing him make at them Yet for all their haste our Gallies did considerable execution among them Nizamaluco who from a height had been looking on did all he could to perswade them to try their Fortune again but to no purpose for after twenty days they stole away by night out of that Harbour with the same good Fortune they came in 4. The Queen of Mangalor thinking to make some Advantage of these Confusions and hearing that Catiproca was near with his Fleet represented to him how easily our Fort might be surprized and offered to defray the Charge He accepted the Proposal thinking to regain the Credit lost at Chaul Unexpectedly he applies scaling Ladders and some of his Men mounted Some Servants of D. Antony Pereyra who Commanded there awaking and seeing the Enemy threw out of a Window the first thing came to hand which was a Chest of their Master 's full of Silver and with it beat down those that were upon the Ladder Pereyra waking with the noise threw down those that had mounted the other fled carrying away the Chest aboard the Ships As they passed before Cananor D. Iames with his Squadron fell upon and totally routed them D. Iames follows them up the River of Tiracole and not one Ship of them escaped Cutiproca was killed and his Nephew Cutiale taken as also D. Antony's Chest recovered 5. Zamori did not fulfil the Articles of the League by sending this Fleet for every one had promised to undertake something in Person till now D. Iames de Meneses had obstructed him scouring that Sea burning many Towns and Ships and taking many which he carried to Goa Towards the end of Iune when D. Iames was gone and Hidalcau and Nizamaluco were about drawing off Zamori fate down before the Fort of Cbale with 100000 Men most of them Musqueteers This place is but two Leagues from Calicut that Prince's Court and was then held by D. George de Castro The Enemy planted forty Pieces of Brass Cannon and girting the place round thought they had shut out all hopes of Relief Some was sent from Cochim under the Conduct of D. Antony de Noronna who could not put it into the Place for the furious Batteries of the Enemies Cannon Francis Pereyra de Sousa coming from Cananor with extravagant Bravery conquered the difficulty but the Relief was small because the Vessels were so As soon as the Viceroy had advice he sent D. Iames de Meneses with eighteen Sail to carry Supplies to the Fort. He with great difficulty got to Chale about the end of September when the Besieged were reduced to the last Extremities there being at least Six hundred Persons in the place whereof not above Seventy that could bear Arms. 6. It seemed impracticable to attempt the putting in any Relief for the mouth of the Harbour was very narrow and all the Hills about it were planted with Cannon But our Commander resolved to surmount all Difficulties A great Vessel was filled with Provisions for two months and fifty Soldiers put into it Iames de Azambuja went before in his Gally and Antony Fernandez and D. Luis de Meneses cover'd it with their Vessels They pierced with incredible Courage through Showrs of Bullets and Ferdinand de Mendoca Nephew to D. Iames run in all the Supplies whilst Francis de Sousa with his Men killed above Five hundred of the Enemy who endeavour'd to obstruct it This done they retired through the same Dangers with loss of forty Men. As they were cutting off a Soldier 's Leg he asked whether the Succour was got in and hearing it was Then said he let me die in God's Name for I cannot die more honourably 7. Though it was not possible to bring the â—…ss People out of the Fort as was design'd yet the putting in of Relief was an Action scarce to be parallell'd for the great hazard and difficulty that attended and vast Power that opposed it 8. The King of Achem the Fourth of these great Confederates whose thoughts were always employed against Malaca did not in point of time answer the
from going to relieve our Men whom he held in great Distress or if he were gone to possess themselves of those Islands They being too late to stop him besieged the People of Ulate in the Islands of Iliacer They had been forty days shut up when D. Duarte de Meneses with Sancho de Vasconcelos who commanded at Sea came to their Relief They of Ulate encourag'd with this Succor fell upon the Besiegers and put them to flight They presented our Captain with Baskets of Heads and he returning to Amboina found D. Duarte dead and succeeded him in that Command The Command of the Sea he gave to Simon de Abreu call'd Papabierro that is Sword-swallower because being concern'd in many Duels he always disarm'd his Adversary 6. Being abroad with his Squadron he met that of Ternate and there began a furious Battle but the other Vessels in the heat of the Action forsook him and he overpower'd by the Multitude was killed and 25 men with him Autony Lopâ—…z de Resende who went not off with those Cowards came to succour him but it being too late the Enemy offer'd him Quarter and he refused it saying He bad rather die as his Commander had done The Admiral of Ternate attacks him and he taking a Cannon upon his Shoulder I suppose it was a little one order'd a Souldier to give fire to it so succesfully that it broke the Admiral 's Leg. His Men thought him dead and whilst they were busie about him Resende had time to make his escape having lost four Men in this great Action 7. The little King of Atua a new Convert who had fought bravely was betrayed to Reboanje Commander of the Ternatenses who offer'd him his Life if he would renounce the Faith and threatned him with a new sort of Martyrdom if he refused He continued firm and being hung by a Rope between two Vessels Reboanje's Galley run with all its force at and tore him to pieces 8. Iohn de Silva succeeded in the Command of the Sea All our Men seeing so many misfortunes befal us in those Islands were for quitting them Only Sancho de Vasconcelos protested he would not abandon the Christians of those Islands affirming if no Body would bear him Company he would stay alone and defend them with the Natives They were all asham'd and yielded to his Resolution They quitted Ito and fortified themselves upon the Point of Rosanive where the Land makes a Bay of four Leagues in Length and three Leagues over at the mouth and runs up still narrower like a Pyramid on one side of the Point is the pleasant and plentiful Town of Rosanive the Inhabitants thereof and the neighbouring Places were our Friends There the new Fort was built the Atives and Tavires labouring at it with great Fidelity to the Portugueses by whom they were reduced to the Faith which they firmly adhered to Iohn de Silva went to Malaca for Succor which was granted him by Francis de Costa commanding there and was cast away in the Bay of Tapara where the Men were made Slaves 9. Though these were lost yet some Supplies came to Amboina sent by the Viceroy Our Enemies at Atua falling on a sudden upon the Portugueses killed five and an Italian â—…esuit Mascarennas fled into the Woods whence he was brought out at the end of eight days almost famished Sancho gathering our Friends fell upon Atua and killed not only the Children at their Mother's Breasts but the very Beasts In the Island 〈◊〉 twelve Leagues distant he did the same some of the Natives retiring to a Mountain 10. At this time time arrived at Goa four Ships from Portugal under the Command of D. Francis de Sousa who as soon as he landed went to the Archbishop D. Gasper and deliver'd to him a Letter from the King and other Papers Scarce had that ancient and learned Man seen them when without any consideration he committed a great weakness putting those Orders in Execution for there being several Circumstances that ought to be weighed by a Person of his Years and Profession he instantly with great disorder called together several persons appointed for this extravagant Action into the Church 11. The Orders were read by a Cryer they contain'd That D. Antony de Noronnâ—… should be deposed from the Viceroyship and that Antony Moniz Barreto should immediately succeed him with the Title of Governour All Noronna's Crime whereby he merited to be thus deposed was that he gave not to Moniz what was not in his power to give and all the Merit of Moniz that he promised that which afterwards he could not perform D. Antony return'd to Portugal though slighted not inglorious for extravagant Injuries done by Superiors are rather Honours than Affronts to the Person that receives them Yet he not well considering it died for Grief as did his Wife and Brother-in-law and that Minister 〈◊〉 State who was the cause of their Death by crediting so slightly the Information of Antony Moniz being sensible of the wrong he had done broke his Heart And King Sebastian hearing of the Death of D. Antony declared he was sorry it happen'd before 〈◊〉 had made him reparation of his Honoâ—… D. Antony was a Man of great Honour Siâ—… cerity and Prudence and who according to the Rules of the World deserved his ill Fortune His Visage long and disagreeable his Body large and gross In the number of Viceroys he was the 11th in that of Governors the 25th the 1st of the Name and 4th of the Sirname he held the Government â—…wo Years and deserved to hold it many CHAP. XIV The Government of Antony Moniz Barreto from the Year 1573 till 1576 in the Reign of King Sebastian 1. SCarce had the Bishop concluded that Act so misbecoming the Pastoral Staff when he took out another Order wherein Gonçalo Pereyra Marramaque was appointed to succeed Antony Moniz Barreto in the Government of Malaca and in default of him D. Leonis Pereyra was named The latter succeeded for the other died after relieving of Ternate This done that Pharisaical Cabaâ—… broke up and hasted to carry the News to â—…he Viceroy who received it with such unconcernedness as might well put them all out of Countenance 2. Advice is now brought that Malaca â—…s again in danger the Kâ—…ng of Achem being again before it assisted by the Queen of Iaâ—…a The new Governor orders D. Leonis Perâ—…yra to be gone to his Government to â—…ccour that place D. Leonis demands of â—…im what he had before demanded of D. Aâ—…tony and he returns the same answer Noâ—…a had given him without remembring what he had writ to the King or considering he had now less reason to refuse D. Lâ—…onis than Noronna had to deny him for then India was threatned by all the Power of the East and was now deliver'd of that danger D. Leonis to take all manner of excuse from him would have been satisfied with much less now than Moniz demanded before But even that was
that reaches to the River Iâ—…narigue then that of Pande bordering on the other Moâ—…nibe which extends to that of Zavara in the Inland Near these are the Kingdoms of Gamba and Mocuraba next to it is Cape Corrientes 8. After suffering much Hunger Thirst Weariness and being persecuted by Thieves they came to the Town of the King of Mâ—…nica by whom they were courteously received and entertained he offer'd them to live in his Town or in the Island where we said before the Portugueses used to reside during the time of their stay till such time as Portugues Merchants came thither They accepted of the Island where some died Being ill accommodated there they passed over in Boats to the other side of the Continent and in the Passage were parted Some few got to the Fort of Zofala others to the King of Innaca's Town where were some Portugues Traders who had also suffered Shipwrack here after enduring great Hardships many died 9. D. Paul de Lima ended his Days and was there buried on the Shore Such as escaped Death a long time after went over to Goa Among these were three Women Donna Mariana Donna Ioanna Mendoça who after led a solitary Life and Donna Beatrix Wife to D. Paul who carried his Bones to Goa then went to Portugal and Married again at Oporto 10. Let us return to India Mir Alibet encouraged by his Success in the Year 1587 set out the beginning of this Summer from Moca with four Gallies and the Vessel he had taken from Rocque de Brito at Lamo. He anchor'd off of Melinde and was obliged to remove the first Night by Matthew Mendez de Vasconcelos who commanded on that Coast. Our Governor Emanuel de Sousa Coutinno understanding this Pyrate was abroad sent against him his own Brother Thomas de Sousa Coutinno with 900 Men in 20 Vessels of several sorts 11. After a troublesom Voyage he arrived at Mombaça in February where Mir Alibet had already fortified himself Our Fleet passed through the Enemies Fire up the River took the four Gallies killed above 70 Turks released many Christians and took many Prisoners and 30 Pieces of Cannon 12. The Muzimba's at this time were on the other side in such Numbers as shall be related in the Year 1593 intending to kill and plunder the Moors of Mombaça Having from thence with admiration beheld what the Portugueses had done their Commander sent to Thomas de Sousa to desire him That since the Portugueses were Gods of the Sea and he of the Land and they had done their Work they would give him leave to begin his Sousa consented and they entring the Island killed the Moors and Turks who from the City fled to the Woods Many fled to the Ships and were taken in the rest were cut in pieces to be eaten by the Muzimbas Among those that preferr'd Captivity before Death was Mir Alibet and a Son and Brother of the King of Qualife 13. Sousa went over to the Island the King whereof had been a Principal Actor in this Revolt and being now in Arms refused to come to him but D. Bernardin Coutinno with only one Souldier ran up to the King at the Head of his Men and threatning to stab him if any one stirred brought him away He the King of Qualife's Brother and two Governors of Pate were beheaded The King of Sio was put to the Oar the rest were all fined Then our Commander passed over to the Island Mandra the People of which Place had told some Portugueses that only the Sun Beams could enter there Yet the Island and Town were entred the one wasted the other levelled with the Ground 14. Thus Sousa brought all that Coast under Subjection and was received at Goa with great applause Mir Alibet was brought to Portugal where he died a Christian. 15. About the end of the Year arrived in India five Ships from Portugal 16. It is not my Intention to relate only what is honourable of the Portugues I will here set down four ridiculous and destructive Actions of theirs The first was thus The King of Banguel our Friend desiring to destroy a Wood belonging to an Enemy of his desired our Admiral of the Coast of Calicut to assist him with 300 Men to guard those that cut down the Wood. They were sent and instead of securing him so dispersed themselves in the Wood that the Enemy taking the advantage cut them all off The second A Portugues Galley meeting some Pirats of Cangane pursued them with Scoffs scorning to take up Arms against them and they turning upon the Galley entred it and put all the Men to the Sword 17. The third The Admiral that was so unfortunate in the Red Sea in the Year 1586 having now taken a rich Ship of Meca and killed the Captain order'd the Moors in her as if it had been one of his Galleons to follow the Admiral 's Light They as soon as it was night fled and he being ashamed to be so deceived endeavoured to excuse himself by saying The Jesuits had advised him so to do as if that were any Justification of his Folly The fourth Seven hundred Portugueses from Chatigam took a Town and being in it a Cannon that was hid accidentally took fire and they without examining further fled to their Ships in such a Consternation that one single Moor durst follow them throwing of Stones 18. Two of our Gallies going to Chaul to bring an Ambassador sent by the Mogol were set upon at the River of Carapatan Eighteen Leagues from Goa by a great Squadron of Malabars commanded by the famous Moor Castamuza After a tedious fight the Enemy left them in such a Condition that only their departure could have saved our Men who may be said to have had the Victory because they kept the Field 19. In May 1591 Matthias de Albuquerque arrived in India alone having set out of â—…bon with five Ships four whereof were driven back to Portugal He went to succeed Emanuel de Sousa with the Title of Viceroy Sousa having given up the Sword Embarqued for Portugal on the greatest Ship that had ever been seen on the Ocean and vastly Rich and was cast away on the Sands of Garajâ—…o nothing that was in the Ship being saved This Ship made up the number of 22 lost in this Voyage between the Years 1579 and 1591 a great loss for so short a time and may be attributed to two Causes the over-loading and making them too big both faults proceeding from Covetousness 20. In fine Emanuel de Sousa Coutinno was born in the Village de los Arneyros in the Diocess of Lamego and was a Gentleman might make the Place of his Birth honourable He was the 33th Governor first of the Name and second of both Sirnames CHAP. VIII The Government of the Vice-Roy Mathias de Albuquerque from the Year 1591 till 1597. 1. MAthias de Albuquerque a Gentleman well deserving this Command was before named for this Govermnent by the Patents
Justice tho' they did that of Men. 8. Ruy de Melo who was deprived of his Command of Moçambique by the Judge Fr. de Fonseca Pinto went to Goa and being tryed was cleared of all the Crimes laid to his Charge and ordered to be restored to his Post Iames de Cunna Castellobranco Judge of the Criminal Court was sent to restore him The Viceroy charged Melo to forget past Grudges to take care of the Peace and Preservation of that Place and not to offend Guerra or Pinto and the more to secure the latter continued his former Commission during his stay in those Parts The same Charge he gave to the Judge Cunna 9. Melo and Cunna sailed from Goa in two Vessels and Cunna arrived first at Moçambique in May. As soon as he came he promised to reconcile him to Melo and in return desired him to secure Pinto contrary to the Viceroy's Orders which made their Power equal Pinto coming with above 100000 Crowns he had gathered by Extortion was put into Irons Being a Prisoner in the Fort he made use of his Rhetorick telling Guerra how much he was beholden to him and offering if he would release him and secure Cunna to give him sufficient Certificates to save his Reputation and clear him of all Crimes at Goa This he said because Guerra's guilt was no less than his own 10. Guerra overcome with these Promises releases Pinto and sending for Cunna on pretence of Business detains him Prisoner He seeing himself in the Power of his two greatest Enemies whose design was to stay him at Moçambique giving 18000 Ducats security got loose and escaped to Mombaça where Ruy de Melo was detained They two with Simon de Melo Pereyra Commander of that Fort and Emanuel Freyre de Andrade gave Sentence of Death against Guerra as a Rebel Melo and Cunna Embarque for Moçambique mean while Pinto to secure his Gold was sailing for Goa Guerra was advised not to stay the coming of his Enemies yet he did and receiving Melo at the Gate deliver'd him the Keys Melo or his Son for in this particular Relations vary embracing Guerra stabbed him then spurning and reviling caused him to be apprehended A few Days after he was condemned to be hanged and tho' he offered to fit out a compleat Galleon for the King's Service to purchase Life was executed 11. The Chineses provoked by the Insolencies of the Portugueses at Macao were drawing together Forces to expel them The Mandarines of the Province of Quantung sent to them first to reproach them of their Crimes ordering that either they should for the future resolve to live honestly or immediately withdraw from thence with their Wives and Children The Portuguâ—…ses pleaded innocence excused their Faults and promised for the time to come to observe their Laws 12. D. Garcia de Silva of whom mention was made before was still at Goa in order to go Ambassador to Persia. The Reason of his stay was because that King continued to commit Hostilities having taken from us Bandel of Comoram in Arabia Yet now he resolved to send an Ambassador to Spain and chose for this Employ Robert Sherley an Englishman 13. The Persian sending an Ambassador to Spain it was thought the Spaniard might safely go to him D. Garcia began to make ready but his long stay at Goa having been chargeable he demanded 30000 Ducats of the Viceroy who was forced to give him the best part of that Sum but this being in the dead of Winter his Voyage was put off till Spring and I cannot find any farther account what became of him or his Embassy 14. The Viceroy to gratifie the King of Macassa for his kind Entertainment of Gonçalo Rodrigues de Sousa answered his Letter and sent him a Present by Augustin Labato who sailed from Goa on the 3d of October with 2 Galliots On the way he took two Vessels of Achem and being well received and dispatched by the King of Macassa he sailed then loaden with Provisions for Ternate He fought two Dutch Vessels landed the Provisions returned again and brought more from Macassa then going to Manila winter'd there 15. The Portugueses sailing from Malaca to Manila found there was a Days difference between those two Places that is they who go from Malaca think they arrive at Manila on a Sunday and it is Monday and the contrary from Manila to Malaca The reason is that those who sail to the Eastward at every 15 Degrees have the Sun rising an hour sooner and they who to the Westward an hour later From Portugal to India 7 hours are gained the rest from Goa to Manila which added to those lost between Manila and Spain make up the difference of a whole Day 16. Our Viceroy earnestly desired to hear of the many Portugueses were said to be cast away on the Island of Madagascar since the Discovery of India as also to plant the Christian Faith there and settle a friendly Correspondence with the Kings thereof to the Exclusion of the Hollanders out of those Ports To this effect he sent thither several Vessels during his Government I have thought fit not to divide the Relation of those Expeditions and therefore place them together in the following Chapters CHAP. XIII Particular Discoveries made in the Island of Madagascar or St. Lawrence by order of the Viceroy D. Hierome de Azevedo 1. THE Viceroy in pursuance of the King's Orders for discovery of the Affairs of the Island Madagascar or St. Lawrence fitted out a Caravel for that Expedition under the Command of Paul Rodriguez de Costa with Soldiers two Jesuits and Interpreters 2. They set sail from Goa at the end of Ianuary and reached that Island about the middle of April The circumference of it is about 600 leagues the length 260 and lies North-North-East and South-South-West the breadth where most is not above 80 leagues on the South part and less Northward for there it ends in a Point which bears the Name of St. Ignatius and is about â—…5 leagues in length from East to West It is therefore divided into 3 parts the first made by an imaginary Line drawn from East to West at Cape St. Andrew forms the North part The other two are divided by a ridge oâ—… Mountains running from the said 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the middle of the Island to Cape 〈◊〉 â—…omanus 3. I will not name the Kingdoms it contains because they are too many and confused It is very Populous the Inhabitants living in Cities and Town of different extent and grandeur well watered and diversified with Mountains Valleys Bays and Ports The Names of Madagascar and St. Lawrence are given it by Strangers the Natives having no general Name thereof There is no certainty of the first Planting of it The generality of the Natives called Buques have no Religion and consequently no Priests or Churches Any body circumcises the Children between 5 and 7 Years of Age. 4. They are not all of a Colour some quite Black with curled Hair some
all speed and they submitting he took the Pepper at their own rate without doing them any harm He hindred others from coming into that Harbour and returned to Cochin with the Glory of having struck a general terror through all that Coast. 9. King Emanuel being informed by D. Vasco de Gama how necessary it was to appear with a greater Force in India fitted out a Fleet of 13 Ships the biggest had yet been built in Portugal and gave the Command of them to Lope Soarez and in them 1200 men The first Land of India he touched at was Anchediva where Antony de Saldanna and Ruy Lorenco were refitting in order to cruise on the Coast of Cambaya upon the Moors of Meca But Lope Soarez took them along with him to Cananor where he staid to give the necessary Orders and then appearing before Calicut had some Prisoners who were taken in the late War delivered to him but because they did not give up all he battered the City two days wherein he ruined great part of it and killed 300 Inhabitants and then sailed to Cochin at the time that Pacheco was upon his return from Coulam The King informed him of the damage he received from Cranganor a Town but 4 Leagues distant and fortified by Zamori 10. Lope Soarez with great secrecy provided 20 Vessels and sailed with them up the River where he found 5 Ships and 80 Paraos well manned which two Ships of ours who had the Vanguard burnt after a sharp engagement Then he sailed on the Prince of Cochin was to join him but came late A multitude of Indians and Moors covered the Shoar who with Showers of Arrows endeavoured to hinder our landing but our Musquetiers made way and having reached the Town it was burnt down to the ground and the Prince of Calicut who was to have guarded it fled This Victory and another obtained by the King of Tanor against that Prince wherein Lope Soarez was to assist him though the Succour came late produced a friendly Peace with that King 11. Lope Soarez left Manuel Tellez Barreto with four Sail to secure the Fort of Cochin and set sail in order to return home with design first to fall upon Banane a Town subject to Calicut He was met by twenty Paraos who freely bestowed their Shot drawing him into a Bay where were seventeen great Ships well-stored with Cannon and with 4000 men The Ships were all burnt with their lading which was very rich and 700 Turks drowned besides what perished by Fire and Sword this Victory cost twenty three men It was the beginning of Ianuary when Lope Soarez sailed hence and he arrived at Lisbon on the 22d of Iuly with thirteen Victorious Ships laden with Riches three were of the foregoing years Fleet of his own he lost Peter Mendoza who being stâ—…nded 14 Leagues from Aguada de S. Bras was never more heard of One of the other three was that of Diego Fernandez Peteyra who after taking several Prizes on the Coast of Melinde discovered the Island Zocotora The King placed Duarte Pacheco who had so bravely defended Cochin by his side under a Canopy and went with him in that manner to Church to honour his great Valour But soon after imprisoned and suffered him to die miserably A terrible example of the uncertainty of Royal Favours and the little regard that is had to True Merit CHAP. VIII Conquests under King Emanuel from the Year 1505 and beginning of the Government of Don Francisco de Almeyda first Governour and Viceroy of India till the Year 1509. 1. BEfore these Discoveries the Spice was brought to Europe with vast trouble and charge The Clove of Malucco the Nutmeg and Mace of Banda the Sandal of Timor the Camfir of Borneo the Gold and Silver of Luconia and all the other Riches Spices Gums Perfumes and Curiosities of China Iava Siam and other Kingdoms were carried to the Market of the City Malaca seated in the Golden Chersonesus whence the Inhabitants of all the Western Countries as far as the Red Sea brought them dealing by way of barter for no Mony was used Silver and Gold being of less value there than with them that traded thither This Trade it was enriched the Cities of Calicut Cambaya Ormuz and Aden adding to what they brought from Malaca the Rubies of Pegu the Stuffs of Bengala the Pearls of Calicare the Diamonds of Narsinga the Cinnamon and richer Rubies of Ceylon the Pepper Ginger and other Spice of the Coast of Malabar and other places Nature had enriched therewith From Ormuz they were brought to Europe up the Persian Gulph to Bacora at the Mouth of Euphrates and thence distributed in Caravans through Armenia Trebisond Tartary Aleppo and Damascus and then at the Port of Barut upon the Mediterranean the Venetians Genoese and Catalonians laded with them to their respective Countries Such as came up the Red Sea were landed at Toro or Sues Towns at the bottom of that Streight thence went in Caravans to Grand Cayre so down the Nile to Alexandria and thence shipped off Many Princes and particularly the Soldan of Cayre being great losers by this new way found by the Portugueses they endeavoured to drive them out of India 2. The Soldan endeavoured to work his ends by a Wile and therefore gave out that he was going to destroy the Temple and Holy Places of Ierusalem Father Maurus of Mount Sinai fearing the execution offered to go to Rome to the Pope to procure an accommodation The Soldan who desired nothing more gave him a Letter to the Pope signifying that his Reasons for destroying those Places were in revenge of the damage done to his Trade The Pope sent the same Father Maurus to Portugal But the Purport of his Message being already known before his arrival the King made such Preparations that he returned with admiration carrying more from Portugal to relate at Cayre than he brought thence to recount here However the King gave considerable Alms for the Convent and answered the Pope shewing that his Intentions in those Eastern Discoveries tended to the Propagation of the Faith and extending the Jurisdiction of the See of Rome 3. On the 25th of March sailed from Lisbon a Fleet of twenty two Ships eleven of them were to return with Merchandise and eleven to remain in India they carried 1500 fighting men and were commanded by Don Franciso de Almeyda who went to govern in India with the Title of Viceroy and gave great demonstrations of his Prudence and Courage The second of Iuly hapned a terrible Storm which tearing to pieces the Sails of Diego Correas Ship carried three men overboard two were lost the third cried from the Water they should have an Eye after him for he would keep above water till the next morning and the next morning the Storm ceasing they took him up his name was Fernando Lorenço Don Francisco de Almeyda arrived at Quiloa with only eight Vessels the others were separated by stress of
Guenga and falls into the Sea near the Mouth of Ganges between the Cities Angali and Pisolta in about 22 degrees of Latitude The River Bate has his Springs in the Mount Gate and falls into the Sea by Bombaim parting the Kingdoms of Guzarata and Decan From the City Cambaya to the Mouth of this River are 70 Leagues From Chaul South of it to the River Aliga the southern extent of Decan 75 Leagues with these Towns Bandor Dabul Debetele Cintapori Coropatan Banda Chapora and Goa our Metropolis and Archiepiscopal See in India The third district begins where Canara parts from Decan and ends in Cape Comori and contains above 140 Leagues From this River to Mount Delli is about 46 Leagues with these Towns Onor Baticale Barcalor Baranor and others of the Province Canara subject to the King of Bisnaga Below this to Cape Comori are 93 Leagues and is called Malabar divided into three Kingdoms which own no Superior The Kingdom of Cananor has 20 Leagues of the Coast in which are these Towns Cota Coulam Nilichilam Marabia â—…olepatam Cananor the Metropolis in the Latitude of 12 degrees Tremapatan Cheba Maim and Purepatan Here begins the Kingdom of Calicut and runs 27 Leagues and has these Towns Calicut the Metropolis in about 11 degrees 70 minutes of Latitude Coulete Chale Parangale and Tanor the head of a Kingdom subject to the Zamori or Emperour of Calicut and Chatua the last Bound of this Empire Next is the little Kingdom of Cranganor which borders on that of Cochin then that of Coulan and lastly Travancor subject to Narsinga Near Travancor is the Famous Cape Comori the southermost Inland of this Province of Indostan or India within Ganges and 7 degrees and half of North Latitude where ends the Coast of Malabar and the fourth of the nine districts I now divide the Coast of Asia into From Cape Comori in the West to Cape Cincapura in the East which is the Southermost Land of the Aurea Chersonesus or Malaca are 400 Leagues and within this interval is contained the great Bay of Bengala called by some Sinus Gangeticus because the River Ganges after watering the Country of Bengala falls into this Bay about the Latitude of 23 Degrees This River is wonderful for the abundance of water it carries and esteemed Holy by the Neighbouring People who imagining it conduces to their Salvation when given over are carried and die with their Feet in its water which brings the King a great Revenue for none must wash there without paying a certain Duty Though this River has many Mouths the two most remarkable are called Satigan to the West and Chatigan to the East near 100 Leagues distant from each other and here will end the fifth of the nine Districts This may be subdivided into three parts The first the Kingdom of Bisnaga contains 200 Leagues and these Towns Tarancurii Manapar Vaipar Trechendur Caligrande Charcacale Tucucurii Benbar Calicare Beadala Manancort and Cannameira whence takes name that Cape that stretches out there in 10 degrees of North Latitude then Negapatan Hahor Triminapatan Tragambar Trimenava Colororam Puducheira Calapate Connumeira Sadrapatan and Meliapor now called St. Thomas because that Apostles Body was found there From St. Thomas to Palicata are 9 Leagues then go on Chiricole Aremogan Caleturo Caleciro Pentipolii where ends the Kingdom of Bisnagur and begins that of Orixa the second part of this District and contains about 120 Leagues to Cape Palmeiras with these Towns Penacote Calingan Vizipatan Bimilepatan Narsingapatan Puacatan Caregare and others Here begins the third part which is the Kingdom of Bengala and extends above 100 Leagues The sixth District of the nine begins at the East Mouth of Ganges or Chatigan and ends at Cape Cincapura in little more than one degree of North Latitude This Coast contains about 380 Leagues to Cape Negraes in the Latitude of 16 degrees 100 Leagues and these Towns Sore Satatolu Arracam Metropolis of the Kingdom so called and Dunadiva upon the Point Hence to Tavay in the Latitude of 13 Degrees 16 Leagues This is the bounds of the Kingdom of Pegu. From Tavay to Cincapura 220 the chief Towns along this Coast are Martaban Lugor Tanacerin Lungar Pedam Queda Solongor and Malaca Head of the Kingdom At Cincapura begins the seventh District and ends at the great River of Siam which falls into the Sea in the Latitude of 14 Degrees and has its rise in the Lake Chiammay called by the Natives Menam that is source of waters upon this Coast are the Towns Pam Ponciam Calantaon Patane Ligor Cuii Perperii and Bamplacot on the Mouth of the River The eighth District contains these Kingdoms that of Cambodia through which runs the River Mecon whose Springs are in China that of Champa or Tsiompa whence comes the true Aloes on this borders the Kingdom of Cochinchina then that of China divided into fifteen Provinces or Governments each of which is a great Kingdom those on the Sea are Quantung Fokien Chekiang where ends the eighth District The ninth begins with the Province Nanking and continues that of Xantung and Pecheli running to the farthest discovered Land of the Coast of Tartary I shall speak of the Islands that lie along this tract as they are discovered but the Names of the chief are these the Maldivy Islands Ceylon Sumatra Iava Borneo Banda Timori Celebes the Moluccoes Mindanao Luconia and Iapan Thus much of the Coast of Asia let us now see by whom inhabited and what it produces 2. Though there be many and very different manners of Worship in Asia as well as sundry Nations the chief Religions there may be reduced to these four Heads the Christian Jewish Mahometan and Gentile The first two for the most part under the slavery of the latter With the two latter the Portugues waged War their Power is thus divided All that tract from the River Cintacora opposite to Anchediva towards the North and West is subject to Mahometans thence Eastward to Pagans except the Kingdom of Malaca part of Sumatra and some parts of Iava and the Molucco Islands held by the Moors In that tract which is governed by these are the following Sovereign Princes The Kings of Aden Xael and Fartaque who have many Ports of great Trade and their Subjects the Arabs are couragious and warlike Next the King of Ormuz greater than the other three together and then he of Cambaya equal to Xerxes Darius or Porus in grandeur and warlike power From Chaul to Cinâ—…atora belonged to Nizamaluco and Hidalcan two powerful Princes not inferiour to great Kings who maintained great Armies composed of sundry warlike Nations well armed The Moors of Sumatra Malaca and the Moluccoes were well disciplin'd and much better stor'd with Artillery than we that attacked them The Heathens were the Kings of Bisnagar Orixa Bengala Pegu Siam and China all but chiefly the last so Powerful it is not to be expressed and if related scarce credible Siam extends above
a while in a Plain before the Pallace Which being then attacked though well defended was entred the Moors flying to the Mountains Our men now possessed of the Pallance fell to plundering without shame or sense of honour and with as much disorder as if they had been on the Shoar and their Enemy destroyed The Enemy now reinforced returned and falling upon our disordered men put all into great confusion killing many under their Burdens and doing great harm though Vasco de Sylveyra signalized himself killing two of thier Chiefs whom they call Caymales In the mean time Albuquerque had entred the City and fired it and having nothing to divert him marched to see what Coutinno had done He found all about the Pallace thronged with Armed Men and that Coutinno was within in eminent danger Finding it best to hinder the Enemies from pressing upon him he sent him word he waited his coming Coutinno answered not till the third Message and then returned that Albuquerque might march and he would follow being busie in gathering his men who were dispersed about the House Albuquerque marched and the Enemy pressed him doing much damage till News was brought Coutinno's life was in great danger He endeavoured to return to his relief but was hindred by the multitude of the Enemy who slew many of his men and wounded him with a Dart in the Throat and a Stone in the Head and in such manner that he was carried sensless to the Shoar By this time Coutinno and many more were slain in the Pallace and several on the way being oppressed by the multitude and spent with the labour and heat and stifled with the great Dust. Doubtless they had all perished if Iames Mendez Vasconcellos and Simon de Andrade whom Albuquerque left in the City with 2000 men had not stopt the fury of the Enemies and obliged them to retire There hapned as great a contest about being the last on Shoar as had been about landing first not considering all their misfortune had proceeded from that foolish dispute At last they sailed having lost 80 men among them many of Note whereof Coutinno was one Albuquerque being come to himself gave out several Orders at Sea and dispatched the Trading Ships homeward-bound and when arrived at Cochin made preparations for a third attempt upon the Island Ormuz While he is employed about this Business we will give some account of what was done by two of the Captains spoken of in the beginning of the third Chapter which could not conveniently be inserted before 2. One of these two Captains was Duarte de Lemos who after a Storm arrived at the place called Medones de Oro thence he went to Madagascar or the Island of St. Laurence and thence to Mozambique where the rest of his Squadron joyned him George de Aguiar being lost he took upon him the Command of the Coast of Ethiopia and Arabia given him by the King that Government being then divided into three Parts From Mozambique he sailed to Melinde then set out to visit some Islands of that Coast that had neglected to pay the usual Tribute to Quiloa since it was taken Monfia submitted immediately Zanzibar made resistance but they were drove to the Mountains and the Town plundered At Pemba hapned the same the Inhabitants flying to Monbaza leaving nothing in their Houses but some little plunder was taken in a Fort whether the Xeque had conveyed such things as he had not time to secure otherwise Lemos gave the necessary Orders at Melinde particularly in relation to the Factory for the Trade of Zofala Hence he set out with seven Sail for the Coast of Arabia one Vessel Commanded by Gregory de Quadra insensibly was separated from the rest in the Night on the Coast of Magadoxa and carried by the Current to the Mouth of the Red Sea where the City Zeila is seated and was there taken Lemos resolved to take a view of Ormuz and managed the Towns of that Coast more with cunning than force The same at Ormuz where he received of the King and Coje Atar the 15000 Xeraphens imposed on them as Tribute by Albuquerque and was well treated Hence he sent to India Vasco de Sylveyra who was killed at Calicut Then he sailed to Zocotora and gave the Command of that Fort to Peter Ferreira sending to India Don Antonio de Noronha who took a Rich Ship of the Moors which being manned by some Portugueses was cast away in a Storm between Dabul and Goa and the men made Prisoners His own Ship was stranded in the Bay of Cambaya where he and some others endeavouring to escape in the Boat were all lost about 30 that remained in the Ship were taken by the Moors and sent to the King of Cambaya Lemos on his return to Melinde took a Vessel richly laden The Winter being passed he returned to Zocotora and found there Francis Pantoja who came from India with Provisions and had taken a rich Ship of Cambaya the great wealth whereof he shared with Lemos his men saying they had right to it as being taken in the Precincts of his Government A rare example of Bounty Lemos finding himself unprovided for other undertakings sailed to India and was received by Albuquerque with great Pomp and Civility 3. The other of the two Captains mentioned was Iames Lopez de Siqueira who was entrusted with the discovery of the Island of Madagascar and Malaca In the Island St. Laurence he arrived in the Port of St. Sebastian He run along the Coast making use of a Portugues as Interpreter who had been left there and forced by necessity to learn the Language He spoke with a King called Diaman and was by him civilly treated but had no intelligence of any Spice or Silver the great end of his Voyage Having had much trouble and no profit he sailed to India Don Francisco then Viceroy received him well and to assist in the discovery of Malaca gave him another Ship Commanded by Garcia de Sousa He passed by Pedir and that King sent him some Presents and made him great Offers The same the King of Paçem in both places he erected Crosses At last he anchored in the Port of Malaca and terrified the Coast with the thundring of his Cannon so that all the People running to the Ships and Vessels in the Harbour shewed the apprehension they had of their new Guest A Boat came to Lopez his Ship to enquire who they were he answered there was an Embassador from the King of Portugal who came to propose such things as might be advantagious to that City There came back a Message from the King in doubtful language such as is usual when the designs are pernicious for some forreign Merchants Enemies to the Portugueses had persuaded him and his Favourite Bandara with the Powerful Argument of Rich Presents to destroy Iames Lopez The third day Lopez sent Hierom Teixeyra with a handsome Retinue as Embassador who was well received on the Shoar and placed upon
of his Ships lays D. Paul's Galliot on Board the others did the like to the other three whereof two shamefully fled the third stood by it till he was sunk Now all the Enemies force fell upon D. Paul who with fifty Men he had did things behond belief killing above two hundred Mores but with the loss of thirty Portugueses D. Paul was so wounded he was forc'd to sit down and gave order to make to the Enemy who was drawn off Canatale who was preparing to fall on again seeing the Galliot beyond Expectation make at him stood away D. Paul return'd to God being in no condition to reach Cananor 5. There our Men were much streightned by the number of the Enemies who were Masters of the Field Andrew de Sousa made a good resistance till he dying and D. Antony de Noronna succeeding him with the relief he carried in several reâ—…counters they kill'd above Two thousand Mores and cut down Forty thousand Palm-trees This is the greatest harm can be done that People because those Trees are their princiâ—…l Sustenance The City enrag'd hereat â—…ll'd together all the Neighbourhood to the number of Ninety Thousand to take Revenge They had the boldness to assault and scale thâ—… Forâ—… with such confidence of carrying it that they had before-hand divided the Booty Nicâ—…aripo a Nayre did us great Service advising D. Payo de Noronna then commanding there to put the Men and Riches of the Town as not tenable into the Fort. All was drawn in except D. Antony de Noronnâ—… and his Men who said he would live and die by those Walls and staid accordingly The Men all prepared themselves for Death and stood at their Arms all the last night 6. By break of day the Enemy attack'd the Works with great crys and above Two thousand of them entred the City In one place Emanuel Travaâ—…s with Thirty Men did great Execution upon them D. Antony appear'd in all Parts Thomas de Sousa Gasper de Brito and the two Betancores made great slaughter at their Posts The Field was so cover'd that never a Bullet was lost The Enemy began to give back when two Cazices brought them on again The assault lasted till Sun-setting then the Enemy retired to their Camp with a resolution to protract the Siege About Five thousand of them were kill'd 7. At this time came Gonâ—…la Pereyra with his Fleet and was a great encouragement to them all and after him Alvaro Paez de 〈◊〉 to succeed D. Payo They both prosecuted the War and utterly destroyed the City of Aderrajao who commanded at the Siege and cut down a great Wood of Palm-trees with considerable slaughter to the Enemy and without losing one Man This was the end of that Siege CHAP. II. Continues the Government of D. Anton. de Noronna 1. THE Tyrant Raju disturb'd the Peace of Ceylen resolving to make himself Master of the whole Island He gather'd a numerous Army and the better to surprize the Portugueses in Columbo gave out his design was upon Cota He encamped between the two Forts and alarming Cota imagin'd they were unprovided at Columbo and suddenly attacques it by Night so that above Two thousand Men mounted the Walls but were as soon thrown down by the Commander Iames de Ataide and his Men. The Assault was renew'd but at length the Enemy having lost Five hundred Men retired Raju resolv'd to carry both places by Famine since he could not by force At Cota he attempted to drain the Ditch by turning away the River and had compassed it had not Peter de Ataide with some Musqueteers oblig'd his Workmen to give over killing Three hundred of them It is said a Cloud miraculously hung between our Men and the Enemy which conceal'd the former from the latter but not them from us so that they fired at a Mark without being seen 2. But now Provisions began to fail in Cota and they fed on things loathsom Ataide thinking to take some of the Enemies Elephants that were in a Wood hard by sallied out with Eighty Men but being over-power'd with a multitude was forc'd to retire having lost two Raju knowing how famine raged had corrupted not only the Natives but some Portugueses Luis Carvallo rather through Dispair than good Will discover'd the Treason and Ataide without taking notice he knew it gain'd the Hearts of the Conspirators by favouring and cherishing them The little Silver he had he coin'd and distributed among them 3. George de Melo commanding in the Island Manâ—…r easily perswaded the King of Candea as being an Enemy to Raju to invade his Country now he was absent thinking by that means to draw him from the Siege He sent Five thousand Men and with them Thirty â—…gueses commanded by Belchior de Sousa they destroyed all as they went and â—…tterly faâ—…ed the great City Chilao yet Raju 〈◊〉 stir'd On the contrary he prepar'd 〈◊〉 Assault Cota by Night A Chingala Woman appear'd at the foot of the Bastion Preaâ—… desiring to be carried to our Captain 〈◊〉 discover'd to him Raju's design and 〈◊〉 the saving of the City Some believed 〈◊〉 Woman was an Angel the truth is she was Mistress to one of our Souldiers and â—…ing her Lover's danger made this discoâ—… There is nothing so â—…d but at someâ—… does good 4. Peâ—… de Ataide sent Antony de Silvâ—… to 〈◊〉 to order Iames as soon as he hearâ—… Câ—…on 〈◊〉 at Night to sally with his Men and fall upon the back of Raju's Army that would be then busie in the Assault George de Melo was already come thither from Manar with One hundred Men seeing the Project of Candea take no effect In the dead of Night the Enemy attacks the City on all hands and finds those of Cota ready to receive him Yet killing some of the Defendants they enter the Works in one place thither the King and Peter hast and with incredible bravery drive them out again Stephen Gouzales Captain of the Innamos with Seven Men did the like upon the like occasion 5. At this time came from Columbo the other Ataide and Melo who by reason of the darkness of the Night could do no more but fire the Enemy's Camp and return to their Fort lest if he succeeded here he should immediately attack it Raju in Person with the Flower of his Army attacks the Bastion of Preacota where he found Fifty Soldiers that seem'd to him to be Fifty thousand by the harm they did him These Men afterwards declared That they saw in the Air a beautiful Woman who with her Vail cover'd them and received therein the Enemies Bullets and Arrows whereof many returned upon and kill'd them By her side was a venerable old Man with a General 's Staff in his hand This was supposed to be the Blessed Virgin and St. Ioseph Raju in the Morning seeing this great disappointment fled to Ceytavaca leaveing above Two thousand Men dead 6. Peter de Ataide fearing he might return and being quite destitute of
first Proposals But still the Siege was carried on and April was began Seven hundred Mores attack a Pass Two hundred Portugueses at first opposed them but seeing they were relieved fled in such Disorder that neither their Officers nor the Viceroy could rally them Their two Captains were killed 6. The Action of D. Iames de Meneses relating to Zamori shall be referred to the Chapter of Chaul that of Luis de Melo is fit for this place He set out with Fourteen Sail in search of the Fleet of Achem and met it near that Port it consisted of Sixty Sail well Manned and provided with Cannon commanded by the King's Son and Heir Melo and he met first and our first Shot killed him and several of his Men. The Fleets met and fought resolutely on both sides but the Enemy was utterly destroyed three Galleys and six small Vessels taken all the rest sunk but one We lost not one Man of the Enemy Twelve hundred were killed and Three hundred made Prisoners Melo returned to Malaca with the Vessels and Cannon he had taken and thence sent some Men to the Malucos and came to Goa with Fifteen hundred and Vasco Lorenço de Barbuda whom he found at Cochim preparing to bring some Relief 7. These Commanders being come to Goa took their Posts Meneses executing his Office of Admiral was carried off wounded at such time as Three thousand of the Enemy began to enter the Island of Iohn Lopez Antony Fernandez de Cale with One hundred and twenty Men met and put them to flight killing a great number 8. During this time before Winter came on several Attempts were made upon the Enemies Quarters and Inroads into the Country always with success One Night One hundred and fifty Men beat the Enemy out of a Post at Benastarim and after another at Angoscan ruining all the Works they had raised They did the same at Xatiarâ—…ao Chatigan and Rachol burning Villages demolishing the Works and killing very many 9. Hidalcan though almost in despair began to plant Gardens and other Works as if he designed either to take Goa or live in that Field He resolved to enter the Island with Nine thousand Men at the Pass of Mercantor which was not guarded because the River is wide there Our Men hearing a Drum which never beats but when that Prince marches in Person run thither and saw him on the other side encouraging his Advice being brought to the Viceroy he sent several Parties and followed himself In spight of all opposition Five thousand Men got over under the Command of the Turk Soliman Aga Captain of the Guard Fresh Men still flocked to the Viceroy till he was Two thousand strong All the Posts which extended two Leagues were in Action 10. All the Thirteenth of April from Morning till Night the attack lasted and from the next Morning till the Day following Hidalcan all the while looking on cursing his Prophet Mahomet and throwing his Turbant on the Ground Of the Portugueses scarce Twenty were killed of the Enemy almost Four thousand and among them Soliman Aga Hidalcan's Brother-in-Law and other Persons of Note some Colours and Plunder were taken 11. F. George de St. Lucia a Dominican and Bishop of Malaca foretold this Success to the Viceroy Hidalcan raged and in publick vowed not to stir thence but in private wished a conclusion but used not the means He proposed a Pence and despaired of concluding it upon the Terms he offered one of them was the Surrender of Goa as if the Portugueses had all this while tought for any thing but to keep it Our Viceroy treated with Norican about killing the King offering him either the Crown of great Power in the Government Norican admits the Proposals and as the blow was ready to be given the Treachery was discovered he secured and so the other Conspirators desisted This was about the end of April 12. The treaty of Peace failing the Siege went on but not with the vigour as before The Enemies Cannon ruined our Buildings ours their Men and Parties of ours burnt all the Country Sebastian de Resende with only four Men attempts a Post of the Enemies and killing some would have brought away one alive but he making much opposition Resende was forc'd to kill him Lancelot Picardo and others with forty Men did great execution Antony Fernandez with thirty falling upon Rumercan's Quarters where there was eighty killed eighteen and retired without any damage received The Viceroy leaning one day on a Page a Ball took away his Prop. Being at rest one night he heared a great Noise and instantly came abroad and a Bullet hitting him on the Breast fell at his feet without doing the least hurt 13. Hidalcan to divide and weaken the Viceroy again perswades the Queen of Guarcopa to attack Onor She consents and joining Three thousand Men of her own to Two thousand sent by him besieges the Fort. It was the middle of Iuly the dead of Winter there when the Viceroy received Advice thereof He sent instantly Antony Fernandez de Chale with two Galleys and eight Vessels and what Men they could contain Antony in five days enters that Port and joining with George de Moura commanding there falls upon the Enemy and puts them to flight killing many and bringing all the Cannon into the Fort. About this time Zamori broke out in another place but that requires a particular Chapter 14. The Viceroy underhand endeavoured to stir up other Princes to invade Hidalcan's Dominions by that means to draw him from the Siege Both endeavoured to hide their desire of Peace Hidalcan made appear as if he resolved not to stir and the Viceroy as if he valued not his lying there In fine the whole Winter was spent and towards the end of August when Summer begins and the Enemy might better keep the Field the number of Tents was seen to decrease then the Men and lastly the Cannon vanished without coming to any accommodation after a Siege of ten Months wherein the Enemy lost Twelve thousand Men Three hundred Elephants Four thousand Horses and Six thousand Oxen part by the Sword and part by the Weather Thus Goa was suddenly delivered Let us now see what was done at Chaul by Nizamaluco the second Chief of this League CHAP. IX The Siege of Chaul 1. NIzamaluco keeping time with Hidalcan set down before Chaul at the same time the other did before Goa His General Faretecan invested the place with Eight thousand Horse and Twenty thousand Foot and on the last day of November the Enemy broke ground with a horrid noise of warlike Instruments 2. Luis Ferreyra de Andrade a Man well deserving such a Post commanded at Chaul and laboured long under great Wants of all Necessaries supplying those Defects with his and his Men's Valour till D. Francis Mascarennas came to his assistance with Six hundred Men in four Gallies and five small Vessels and some Barques loaded with Ammunition and Provision 3. The
Fort of Chaul is seated in about 18 deg of N. Lat. on the Bank of a River not twelve Miles from the Mouth of it There were in it but fifty Horse and a small number of Foot The first bold Action done here was by Sebastian Gonzales de Alvelos who passing over a small Creek alone challenged any of that number of Enemies and none durst answer him Then Alexander de Sousa went over with fifteen Horse to discover the Enemy and stayed so long till 5000 came upon them among which they killed a considerable Officer At this time Faretecan was marching down the Mountain Gate with 8000 Horse a great number of Foot and twenty Elephants he sat down before Chaul and began to plant Cannon 4. Faretecan desiring to do somewhat before his Prince came set the Castles upon the Elephants and tied Syths to their Trunks to give an Assault All turned to his Loss for he was repulsed by Sea and Land and forced to retire as far as the Church de la Madre de Dios or Mother of God where his men rallied 5. Here it is said some Miracles were seen as that a Bullet hitting a Souldier on the hand rebounded from it as a Ball struck with a Racket The fight lasted three hours with great slaughter of Mores and loss of three Portugueses 6. The Enemy having lodged themselves about the Town it was thought convenient to demolish all the Buildings that were any thing distant Nothing remarkable happened till after December Some Mores being then gathering Fruit in an Orchard Nunno Vello went out with five Soldiers and killing one of them others came on still till they made up Six thousand and ours encreased to two hundred who behaved themselves with such bravery they drove that multitude killing One hundred and eighty with the loss of two 7. Nizamaluco came before Chaul in the beginning of Ianuary with the rest of his Army which now together consisted of 34000 Horse 100000 Foot 16000 Pioniers 4000 Smiths Masons and other Trades of sundry Nations as Turks Coraçons Persians and Ethiopians 360 Elephants an infinite number of Bufalos and Oxen and forty pieces of Cannon most of a prodigious bigness some carrying Balls of 100 some 200 and even 300 weight and had Names answerable as Cruel Butcher Devourer Orlando Furioso and the like Thus 150000 Men so well provided planted themselves before a Town that had only a single Wall a Fort like a House and a handful of Men. Faretecan lodged himself in the Vicar's House near the Chapel of the Mother of God with 7000 Horse and twenty Elephants Agalascan in the House of Iames Lopez with 6000 Horse Ximirican between that and upper Chaul with 2000 so the City was beset from Sea to Sea At the same time 4000 Horse ravaged the Lands of Baçaim The King took his Quarters at the farther end of the Town thus the space of two Leagues was covered with Tents 8. The Portuguesâ—…s at first being but few and the Works inconsiderable had no particular Posts but were wherever the danger threatned Soon after the News of the danger of Chaul being spread abroad many Gentlemen flocked thither with supplies of Men so that in a little time there were 2000 Men in the Town It was resolved to maintain the Monastery of St. Francis and it was committed to Alexander de Sousa Some Houses were also judged fit to be defended Nuno Alvarez Pereyra with forty Men had those on the Shore those between the Misericordia and St. Dominick D. Gonçalo de Meneses others near Nunno Vello Pereyra and so in other Places 9. Mean while it was generally voted at Goa that Chaul ought to be abandoned but the Viceroy resolutely opposed and was seconded by Ferdinand de Sousa de Castellobranco He immediately sent thither D. Duarte de Lima and Ferdinand Tellez de Meneses with their two Gallies and some Men in four other Vessels Let us see what was done at Chaul whilst they are under Sail. 10. Nimirican had promised Nizamaluco he would be the first man should enter the Town in order thereto he vigorously attacks the Posts of Henry de Betancor and Ferdinand Pereyra de Miranda They bravely made good their Ground and being reliev'd repulsed him killing Three hundred of his Men seven of ours were lost The Enemy turn their Cannon upon the Monastery of St. Francis where we had some Pieces and both sides striving to burst or dismount the opposite Guns the Gunners were so dextrous that Bullets were seen to meet by the way On the Eve of St. Sebastian a Party of ours sallied upon some Houses where the Mores had fortified themselves and killed a great number without losing one Man 11. Nizamaluco enraged at the last repulse desired Revenge and that same night attacks the Fort of St. Francis with Five thousand Men. The Mores thought to surprize ours but were soon undeceived by the Execution done among them The attack lasted very furious the space of five hours The Portugueses suspected the Enemy worked under the Wall and could not see by reason of the darkness but Christopher Curvo three several times put half his Body out of a Window with a lighted Torch in one hand and a Buckler in the other to discover what was doing The noise was very great and those in the City fearing for those that were assaulted sent them Relief though with great hazard The Morning discovered the Fort stuck with Arrows and under it above Three hundred Mores slain without the loss of one Portugues 12. Next day the Enemy repeated the Assault and continued it five days with great resolution with as great bravery were they received by the Portugueses who often fallying covered the Field with dead Bodies and took several Colours However it was at last judged expedient to quit that Fort and withdraw the Men into the City lest the losing of it should prove more prejudicial than the defending it could avail Seventeen Men were killed in it One of these being on a high place to give notice when the Enemy fired their Cannon said to those that were below If they should now fire Raspadillo that was a Cannon eighteen Foot long so called without doubt they would send me all in pieces to sup with Iesus Christ to whom l commend my self for the Gun points at me Scarce had he spoke the words when he was torn in pieces by a Ball from that Cannon 13. The Mores being possessed of the Fort and Monastery of St. Francis fired a whole Street but attempting to gain some Houses lost Four hundred Men. Three of them challenged a like number of ours who thinking it a disparagement to answer them upon equal terms only two went out which were Gomez Freyre and Luis del Valle who carried a great Hanger The Mores refused the odds and one of them withdrew Valle with the advantage of the Hanger overcame his Adversary and then assisted Freyre to kill the other So both sides might
There were thrown into the City above Six Thousand Cannon-Balls some of a prodigious Bigness and Nizamalâ—…co was making Preparations to lie there the Winter Above Two Hundred Portugueses fearâ—…g the Ruin of the City had deserted but instead of them Three Hundred came from Goa which put Chaul into somewhat a better Posture On 〈◊〉 11th of April Ruy Gonçalez de Camara â—…ell upon Five Hundred Moors in an Orchard with such Success that only Fifty of them escaped He took Five Colours and lost only Two Men but had many wounded 8. Fortune could not be always favourable to the Besieged sometimes they must meet Disasters The Moors enraged at that Loss played their great Cannon incessantly A Chance-â—…all from one of them lighting upon one of the Galleys that brought the Relief sunk her downright with all that was in her being â—…rty Men and Goods valued at Forty Thousand Ducats The Moors did not loâ—… rejoyce aâ—… this Accident for Ferdinaâ—…â—…ez fallying the next Day with Four Hundred Men on the Side of St. Francis obtained anotheâ—… 〈◊〉 equal to that of Ruy Goncalez and brought away some Ammunition Arms one Piece of Cannon and other Booty Nizamaluco beheld this Action and mounting on Horse-back offered to come down in Person with a Lance in his Hand then changing it to a Whip in a Rage threatned his Men and upbraided them as Cowards 9. Our Men were now so accustomed to Danger nothing could terrifie them and they seemed to court Death as if she had not been busie enough about them Some of our Soldiers being employed levelling the Enemy's Works we had driven them from about St. Francis and being more handy at the Sword than Spade drew upon themselves a great Number of Enemies whereof they killed above Two Hundred not without Loss on our Side 10. D. Iohn de Lima Francis de Sá and D. Nunno Alvarez went out to discover some Mines it was thought the Enemy was carrying on They executed their Command entring those Quarters where they put all that were in them to the Sword In these two Actions we lost Six Private Soldiers and D. Luis de Gastellobranco who having lost one Leg offered the other D. Iohn de Lima who seeing a Moor miss several Shots he made at him stood still till he was killed performing his Promise made on his Brother D. Duarte's Grave that he would soon follow him Anthony de Fonseca he who hung by his Lance at Parnel and laughed at the Enemy Francis Barradas and Ruy Pereyra de Sa and Five other Gentlemen of note 11. After the King had made it appear he designed to continue the Siege all the Winter and all Things were on both Sides disposed in order thereto Faretecan made some Overtures of Peace but without any visible Commission from his Prince who caused him to be apprehended not for acting therein without Orders for doubtless he had private Instructions but upon suspition that he was corrupted It was no wonder if Nizamaluco desired a Peace after lying before a Town Seven Months without any Success but losing as many Thousand Men. Nor was it strange the Portugueses should wish it having already lost above Four Hundred of their own besides Indians But the Hopes of Peace being extinguished by the Imprisonment of Faretecan George Pereyra Coutinno went out with his Ships and without any considerable Loss burnt Three that belonged to Nizamaluco 12. It was now the Beginning of Iune and the Attacks and Batteries were carried on with such Vigour as if they then began The first Attempt was upon D. Nunno Alvarez his House which was lost through Carelesness Yet after it was taken some Gentlemen attempting to recover it lost at least Twenty Portugueses without doing any considerable Execution Next the Enemy possessed themselves of the Monastery of St. Dominick where great Slaughter was made At D. Gonçalo de Meneses his House it was well fought but to our great Loss In all the other Quarters the Cannon-Balls â—…lew like Hail Let us come to the last Assault 13. The Batteries never ceased from the End of May till the End of Iune Nizamaluco resolving to make a Breach fit for his whole Army to try its Fortune On the 28th the Elephants appeared loaded with Castles and the Castles full of Men. A valiant Moor well mounted walked leisurely before all our Works within Musquet-shot and never altered his Pace notwithstanding above Five Hundred Shot was made at him and his Horse wounded he went off unhurt The whole Army expected the Sign to move but it was not given because our Cannon killed an Officer of Note which the King took as an ill Omen and put off the Assault till next Day Six of our Men venturing out of the Works drew a great Multitude of the Enemy within reach of our Shot which was so well bestowed that One Hundred and Eighteen fell down dead and above Five Hundred were wounded with out doing us the least hurt 14. The next Day about Noon the King gave the Signal to fall on and the whole Body of Men and Elephants advanced with horrible Cries and Noise of Warlike Instruments Agalascan attacked Iames Suarez de Albergaria Iohn de Silva Barreto Roderick Homen de Silva and Laurence de Brito in their Posts Faretecan and Sujatecan fell on the Quarter of the Misericordia Misnarrâ—… Captain of the Guards on that of Ruy Gonçalez D. Francis our Commander in Chief being to relieve where-ever the greatest Danger pressed planted himself opposite to the King with part of his Men having distributed the rest where there was need 15. The Day was darken'd with Smoak at Times lighted with Flames the Slaughter and Confusion was great on all Sides Some of the Enemy's Colours were planted on our Works but soon taken or cast down with those who had boldly set them up The Elephants made drunk by the Nayres that they might be the more fierce being burnt and wounded ran madly about the Field One much valued by the King being fired in the Flames ran into the Water and swam over the Bar where one of our Vessels killed him with a Cannon-Shot In fine The Assault ended with the Day the Portugueses remaining Masters of all their Works after killing above Three Thousand of the Enemies among which one was the Son of Agalascan and many more of Note 16. This Action cost us but a few private Soldiers and Eight Gentlemen D. Henry de Meneses being lame having his Legs burnt caused himself to be carried in a Chair Laurence de Brito took a Colours Gonçalo Rodriguez Caldera and Hierome Curvâ—… would not leave their Posts after receiving many dangerous Wounds In fine All did more than mortal Actions it would be a Lessening of others to commend some and we cannot particularize them all 17. The Moors asked Leave to bury their Dead which being granted as they drew them off they asked the Portugueses What Woman it was that went before them in the Fight and whether she was
Covenants of the League but we shall see him at length in the Government of D. Antony de Noronna performing what he so long delayed The Queen of Guarcopa and others as has been related made up what was wanting in him 9. This was the end of that mighty League this the Government Valour and Fortune of our Viceroy who opposing all the united Power of India re-established the Portugues Reputation so much decayed For which he deserves an everlasting Fame 10. D. Luis de Ataide Lord of Atouguia was of unquestioned Valour had great Experience in Military Affairs to which he had applied himself from his Youth and of a Spirit so free from the Infection of Avarice that as others brought from Asia to Portugal heaps of Treasure he brought four Jars of Water from the four famous Rivers Indus Ganges Tigris and Euphrates which were preserved many Years in his Castle of Penicbe 11. After serving in Europe and Africk he went over to India and served there and at the Age of twenty-two was Knighted at Mount Sinai by the Governor D. Stephen 〈◊〉 Gama Returning to Portugal he went Aâ—… bassador to the Emperor Charles V. and was in that Battle in which the Emperor defeated the Lutherans under the Landtgrave and Duke of Saxony where he behaved himself so well that Charles V. offered to Knight him and he said He had already received that Honour at Mount Sinai and was therefore sorry he could not admit it then The Emperor in the hearing of all answer'd He more envyed that Honour than he rejoyced in his Victory 12. At his arrival at Lisbon King Sebastian caused him to be received under a Canopy yet afterwards like King Emanuel and Duarle Pacheco very much slighted him We shall see it when he is made the second time Viceroy being the first that was so twice D. Antony de Noronna succeeded him now He was the Tenth that had this Title and of Governours the Twenty-fourth The First of the Name and Sirname the Third Count that had that Post He was of the larger size had a good Meen his Complexion white CHAP. XII The Government of the Viceroy D. Antony de Noronna from the Year 1571 till 1573 in the Reign of King Sebastian 1. KING Sebastian thinking the Government of India as it was then extended too great a Burden for one Man divided it into three Parts The first from Cape Guardafu to the Island Ceylon which is that of India The second from Cape Corrientes to Guardufu which is Monomotapa The third from Pegu to China which is that of Malaca The first was given to D. Antony de Noronna with the Title of Viceroy the second to Francis Barreto and the third to Antony Moniz Barreto both stiled Governors Though it may alter things as to point of time I will speak of them in distinct Chapters beginning with D. Antony de Noronna 2. He set out from Lisbon with five Ships and was followed by two more They arrived at Goa the beginning of September safe as to the number of Ships for none was lost but not so as to Men 2000 dying at Sea of sickness of 4000 that set out D. Antony came before Hidalcan had raised the Siege and thereby obtained part of the Honour of obliging him to quit it Hidalcan lest Commissioners to conclude the Peace with the new Viceroy It was proclaimed with great Joy on the 13th of December and so the Year and the War ended together 3. The first care of the new Viceroy was to send Relief to Chale in two Galleys one Galleon and four Ships and after them two Galleys and tâ—…ee other Vessels But these were soon applied to other uses D. Iames de Meneses coming from Chale he sent him back with 1500 Men who came too late the Fort being already delivered to Zamori upon Conditions This surrender was made contrary to the plurality of Votes by the Commander D. George de Castro overcome by the Prayers and Tears of his Wife and other Ladies that were there without considering that he was Eighty Years of Age and ought rather to chuse an honourable Death than a short term of infamous Life Nor was this all his fault for the Provision had lasted longer had not he put it into his Wife's Hands and she into those of her Slaves Thus she was the first Eve among the Portugueses of India that tempted her Husband to a Crime of this nature this being the first place so delivered by them to the Enemy And the Viceroy could not but lose more Honour by loss of Chale than he could justly pretend to by the raising the Siege of Goa 4. D. Iames gathering the People that came out of Chale and were under the Protection of the King of Tanor left them at Cochin Then dividing his Fleet with Mathiâ—… de Albuquerque they clear'd the Sea of Pyrats and secured the Coasts next they took and demolished a Fort built by a Nayque subject to Hidalcan at the mouth of the River Sanguicer Here was killed Antony Fernandez Chale a Malabar who for his Valour and Conduct had often the Honour to Command many of the bravest Gentlemen that were in India at that time He was of the Order of Christ was carried to Goa and there buried with greater State than any till that day that had not been Governor of India 5. When the Viceroy accepted this Command in Portugal so much lessened by the Division of Governments his great aim was to get an Estate being poor and having Children He thought India might mend his broken Fortune and that Antony Moniz Barrâ—…to would be satisfied with less than was ordered to fit him out for the Government of Malaca he was deceived for Moniz was not satisfied with what could be done nor was India in a Condition to give what was promised him in order to go to Malaca nor Malaca in a posture for a Man who look'd upon his Reputation to go thither with that Title without a considerable Force The one would not go with what was given him and the other could not give more Difficulties hard to be composed 6. Moniz resolved not to go to Malaca and writ to Portugal that the Reason was because the Viceroy would not furnish him with what was requisite as not desiring he should go Malicious Whispers are generally grateful to Princes and great Men. Those who govern'd King Sebastiaâ—… unhappy Kingdom whose King is a Child without any other Information besides this Gentleman's which all tended to his own Advantage committed the weakest Act that has been heard of Moniz himself will shame them and himself as shall appear in its proper place 7. The Vice-Roy after fitting out several Squadrons as usual and receiving four Ships from Portugal two whereof were lost in their Return was obliged to make ready a considerable Succour for Damam threatned by the Mogol on account that that Place and Baâ—…aim both belonged to the Kingdom of Cambaya whereof he was now possessed
and by this Means Sultan Mamud Heir to the late King of Cambaia was left to the Tuition of three Great Men Alucan Itimitican and Madremaluco Each of these envying the others Fortune strove to make himself Master of the young King And he finding all their Aim was Power fled from Madremaluco where he thought himself in danger to Itimitican and totally lost himself They were all three bad but this was the worst of all Therefore considering the young King might flee from him as he had done from the others he resolved to lay aside all Shame and betray him Gelalde 〈◊〉 Hecbar Taxa King of the Mogols was now in great Power to him he offers to deliver the King by which means with a small Army he might possess himself of that Kingdom whereof he should be Viceroy as a Reward of his Treachery Hecbar agreed set forward with a good Army and at the City Amadaba the Traitor delivered up his Prince to him and so the Mogol without drawing Sword was seated in the Throne of Cambaia 8. Hecbar not satisfied with what he had got resolved to recover the Lands and Towns of Baçaim and Damam This Design being known D. Luis de Almeyda Commander of Damam gave Advice to the Viceroy who immediately sent some Succours and prepared to follow in Person He set out from Goa the Latter End of December with nine Galleys five Gallions eight Galliots and ninety other Vessels 9. The Viceroy being come into the River of Damam struck such a Terrour into the Enemy who was encamped two Leagues off that the King immediately sent an Ambassador to the Viceroy to treat of Peace The Viceroy received him in his Galley with great State and firing all the Cannon of the Fleet and having heard his Proposals sent back with him Anthony Cabrall who concluded the Peace to the Content of both Parties The Viceroy returned to Goa and the Mogol setled himself in the Possession of the Kingdom of Cambaya cutting off the Head of the Traitor Itimitican a just Reward of his Villany 10. The Inhabitants of 〈◊〉 were offended at the Fort lately buiâ—…t by us there they besieged it to the number of 6000. Ruy Gonçalez de Camara who commanded there gave Advice to the Viceroy and provided to make a good Defence Five Sail came immediately to his Relief then twelve more under the Command of D. George de Meneses who by the Way destroyed the Town of the Naique of Sanguiçer with great Slaughter of the Enemy and Loss of two Men. Without the Bay of Braçalor he took a Ship of Meca and entring found all was safe with the Succour of the first Ships 11. D. Henry de Meneses sailing to the Northward with one Galley and seven other Vessels near the Islands of Angerula eight Leagues from Chaul took two great Ships belonging to Hidalcan but a Storm arising they were all drove ashore and taken by Malabars who carried them to Hidalcan and he because the Ships were taken after the late Conclusion of Peace though the Fault was theirs for answering with their Cannon when they were required to shew Portuguese Passes as had been agreed caused D. Henry and all the Portugueses then at his Court to be put into the Castle of Bilgam and it cost some trouble to release them and appease that Prince 12. It was the Middle of October when the King of Achem though late yet pursuant to the great League before spoke of appeared before Malaca with almost 100 Sail 7000 Men and a vast quantity of Ammunition He landed the same Night of his Arrival and suddenly set fire to the Town of Iller which had been burnt to the Ground had not as sudden and violent a Shower of Rain quenched it Iohn Bandara Captain of the Horse ran with more Zeal than Discretion to succour the Town and was killed 13. The Enemy attempted to burn our Ships but failing in this and other Designs he sate down before the City resolving to carry it by a regular Siege having at first thought it would not cost him that Trouble The City was in a miserable Condition very poor without Men unhealthy and out of heart having suffered much by Shipwrecks Sickness and Famine not without deserving it for Malaca was I know not whether it is the Portuguese Ninive in Asia CHAP. XIII The Siege of Malaca with other Occurrences and End of the Government of D. Anthony de Noronna 1. MAlaca had in a manner no Hopes of Defence the Enemy incessantly battered the Walls and cut off all Provision from coming to it There was nothing within but Misery and Calling upon God for Mercy without deserving it by any other Action but because they implored it So casâ—…e it is to appease the Divine Wrath. 2. So it happened for in this Extremity accidentally came into that Port Tristan Vaz de Vega with one only Ship in which he sailed for Sanda to load with Spice The Beâ—…ged earnestly â—…ntreated him to assist them and he could not but give ear to their Intreaty though it seemed a Rashness to engage a Fleet of an Hundred Sail with Ten whereof Nine were almost rotten and unrigged Among these were distributed 300 Soldiers as naked as hungry The Captain who might repose much Confidence in his own Valour acknowledging in such Cases there ought to be no Trust but in God gave the Example and caused all his Men to confess and prepare themselves for Death 3. About the End of November he sailed and discovered the Enemy's Fleet in the River 〈◊〉 He gave the Command of his own Ship to Emanuel Ferreyra and went himself into a Galliot with his Sword in his Hand to encourage the Men seeing him expose himself to the greatest Danger with them The Signal being given and the Cannon furiously discharged our Captain lays the Enemy's Admiral on Board makes great Havock among 200 Men that were in her beats down her Flag and she getting loose shews him her Stern 4. Mean while Ferdinand Perez with only thirteen Men in a small Vessel took a Galley Ferdinand de Lemos runs his Ship with such force against another that he overset and sunk her Francis de Lima having taken another burnt it to be at leisure to return to the Fight that still continued Emanuel Ferreyra who was in Vega's Ship sunk three Vessels unrigged others and killed many Men. To be short Every one fought to admiration the whole Enemies Fleet fled except four Galleys and seven small Vessels that were burnt or sunk 700 of the Enemy were kill'd and taken of ours only five were slain Our Ships waited three days to see if the Enemy would return and then carried this joyful News to Malaca where it was scarce believed 5. Let us see what was doing at the Malucos Whilst Gonçalo Pereyra Marramaque our Admiral in those Seas carried Relief to Ternate from Amboina this Fort was Besieg'd by the Fleet of Ternate sent by the King either to stop Pereyra
marched away leaving Captain Antony Cardoso de Almeyda with Two hundred Men and Necessaries to continue there some Days to examine into the Truth of that so much coveted Corner of the Earth 5. Vasco being gone Cardoso suffered himself to be again deceived by the Cafres who had before imposed upon him They offered since he could not find a Vein there they would show him a place where he might and leading him the way of Death rather than that of the Mines killed him and all his Men after they had defended themselves with incredible Bravery This may convince those who affirm numbers of Cafres would fly from a Gun as not having before seen them since here Two hundred Men fighting with them for their lives were all slain by their Darts and Arrows 6. This was the end of that Government scarce begun sooner than ended and possest by two Governors who no sooner saw but they lost it The first killed by rash words the second expelled by a prudent not barbarous Stratagem However the Peace and Trade with the Emperor of Monomatapa continued These Actions of Francis Barreto and Vasco Fernandez Homem were in the time of the Government of D. Luis de Ataide D. Antony de Noronna and Antony Moniz Barreto but we could never exactly find when the first died and the last desisted CHAP. XVIII Of the Viceroy Ruy Lorenco de Tavora and the Government of D. James de Meneses from the Year 1576 till 1578 in the Reign of King Sebastian 1. IN the beginning of this Year sailed from Lisbon Ruy Lorenço de Tavora to succeed Antony Moniz Barreto with the Title of Viceroy of India and four Ships He died at Moçambique and was the first that came short being appointed for that Government The Ships arriving at Goa the Royal Patents of Succession were opened and D. Iames de Meneses there present was the Person named in the first So he was rather Successor to Antony Moniz than Ruy Lorenço However since he was designed for it we will reckon Tavora the Twelfth of the Viceroy's and Twenty-seventh of Governors and First of the Name and Sirname 2. D. Iames de Meneses having held this Command near two Years there is no doubt but there happened more remarkable Passages than I heer relate but I could find no more having used all possible endeavours to get some farther Memoirs of his Time Certain it is there are some but our Portugues Gentlemen though they make no use of keep them as close as Misers do their Treasure The little I could gather is thus 3. As soon as D. Iames took upon him the Government he fitted out several Squadrons for the usual purposes At that time some Captains were upon the Northern Coast upon their own account as D. Hierome Mascarennas D. Iames and D. Antony de Silveyra Brothers and Francis Pessoa They anker'd in the River of Dabul that City being then at Peace with us and were received by the Tanadar Melique Tocan with feigned kindness He proferred to furnish them with what they wanted and invited them home to dine with him having Men ready to murder them in the height of their Merriment All things succeeded as he desired for they put themselves into his Power unarmed except Mascarennas who forboding some Treachery stayed in the River Those that accepted the invitation were killed except a few who fled to the Shore and the Murderers after them had like to have entred Mascarennas his Vessel but that he and those few that were with him laying hold of Arms repulsed the bloody Assassins Mascarennas carried the news of this Disaster to Goa 5. Towards the end of this Year arrived the Ships that sailed from Lisbon the beginning of it they were six in number two set out first under Mathias de Albuquerque appointed to Command at Malaca and four after 5. As soon as the Governor was informed by D. Hierome de Mascarennas of the Villainy committed by the Tanadar of Dabul he dispatched D. Peter de Meneses with a small Squadron to Revenge that wrong ordering him to lay wait for the Ships of Meca and do all the Mischief he could on the Coast subject to Hidalcan Meneses met two great Ships of Mâ—…ca and after a sharp dispute forced them a Shoar where the Sea running high they beat to pieces This was the posture of Affairs when in August arrived D. Luis de Ataide Count de Atouguia to take upon him that Government the second time which D. Iames de Meneses then quitted having been the Twenty-eighth Governor the Second of the Name and Third of the Sirname CHAP. XIX The Count D. Luis de Ataide is the Second time Viceroy of India he set out in the Year 1577 and Governs till 1581 and is the last sent out by King Sebastian 1. WHEN King Sebastian had resolved though he designed better to bury the Glory of his Kingdom in the Sands of Africk he appointed D. Luis de Ataide Count de Atouguia General of his Forces But soon after not able to conform his Youthful Heat to the prudent Circumspection of the Count that he might have a plausible Colour for removing him he again constituted him Viceroy of India pretending there was need of such a Man there as if he had not much more need of his Conduct himself 2. The Count well understood the drift of this Change but not willing to disgust the King took no notice of it He desired to have along with him Nunno Vello Pereyra a Man more Expert than Fortunate in Military and Sea Affairs as will appear hereafter and Iohn Alvarez Suarez a Man versed in the Revenue and who had given good Proof of his Courage as was related in the Siege of Chaul D. Luis had a prosperous Voyage and was received at Goa with great Joy 3. His arrival at Goa was about the end of August The first thing he did after receiving the Sword was the spreading the News that King Sabastian would infallibly that Year go over into Africk where he was already killed when this was given out The Viceroy foreseeing that disaster and the ill Consequences might arise from it fitted out such a mighty Fleet as struck a Terror into all the neighbouring Princes who measure their own safety by our Power The design of this Fleet he never revealed to any Man 4. Amidst these greater Cares he forgot not the less but sent Supplies to D. Peter de Meneses to enable him to act the more vigorously against Melique the Tanadar of Dabul The Viceroy in Person carried on the War against Hidalcan along the River of Goa whether his Dominions extended and he no longer able to endure it proposed a Peace promising the Traytor Melique should be for ever banished Dabul and all his Dominions The Peace was concluded and our Forces withdrew At that time arrived at Goa three Ships from Portugal and were the last sent sent by King Sebastian When these came to India two
appearance an hundred years of Age who with the fright of seeing them fell down but recovering and seeing the Souldiers take out the Bars of Silver out of the Tombs he rebuked the Captain giving him Advice to be saved Faria courteously took his leave having Information what was in the other Chappels and resolving next day to plunder them all he retired to his Ships with the Silver taken in this which was a considerable quantity 6. About Midnight there appeared Lights upon the Top of the Great Building and Bells began to ring throughout the Island Faria was advised to be gone being they were discovered but he returned to the Island with only six Men and could see no more than what he had from his Vessels Being returned aboard all protested he ought to retire and he no longer able to withstand the Mutiny said He was obliged in Honour to see what he fled from and went ashoar again with the same six Men. He entred a Chappel and found two Old Men whom he brought away with some Candlesticks and a Silver Idol he found and immediately left that place He understood by the Old Men that the Alarum was given and the Island would soon be relieved that the first Hermit had given Notice Then Faria found how much he had erred in not bringing him away as he was Advised 7. He went away in a Passion that he should lose that Treasure through his own fault and having sailed almost a Month one Night being the fifth of August there arose such a terrible Storm that his Galliot was swallowed up as was guessed by those in the other by the miserable Cries for they could not see it A few days after the other also perished only fourteen of them escaping Thus ended that brave Commander doubtless a just Judgment for the Robbery he designed to commit 8. No less Unfortunate was the End of the City Liampo where this Captain had been so Nobly received and was the effect of a base and insatiable Avarice Lancelot Pereyra a Judge of that City having lost a Thousand Ducats by the Chineses went out with a Body to rob and plunder others as if this might be done though they have been the Debtors This barbarous hellish Action brought the Governour of that Province with Threescore thousand Men upon that City which in four hours time was burnt with Eighty Ships that were in the Port Twelve thousand Men killed of them a Thousand Portugueses and three Millions of Gold lost Scarce any thing was left but the bare Memory of Liampo but it appeared that whatever the Portugueses gained by their Valour they lost by their Covetousness It was admirably said of one of those we call Baâ—…oarians hearing the Actions of the Portugueses in Asia celebrated His Words were these Let them go on for whatever they gain as Couragious Souldiers they will lose as Covetous Merchants They now conquer Asia Asia will soon conquer them Who was most Barbarous he that said this or they who did what he said 9. Liampo had above Three thousand Inhabitants all Catholicks and almost half Portugueses Those who escaped that Storm though quite discredited among the Chineses obtained leave with great Presents in the Year 1547 to Settle in the Port of Chincheo where there was a Village which began to flourish with a rich Trade but came to the same End as the other as shall appear the Year 1549. CHAP. IX Continues the Government of D. Stephen de Gama and contains the Actions of his Brother Don Christopher in Ethiopia 1. WHilst this hapned in India and China Don Christopher de Gama marched through Ethiopia led by that Barnagais who came as Embassadour from the Queen Mother to desire favour of the Governour D. Stephen The Heat the Men endured was excessive though they lay by the Day and marched by Night A Week was spent in passing over a Rugged Mountain whence they descended into a most pleasant Plain Country watered by many Rivulets Through this they marched in two days to the City Barua Metropolis of the Province Barnagasso though damaged by the late Invasion yet of sightly Buildings divided by a great River encompassed with good Villages and Country-houses At the Gates they were received by several Religious Men singing a Litany one of which made a Speech to Welcom them and extol their Generosity in coming to their relief after which our Men visited the Church and Encamped 2. Don Christopher sent Advice of his Arrival to the Emperour who was far off and to the Queen Mother who was near He desired of her to leave that Mountain and put her self under his guard Barnagais was sent to Conduct her with two Companies of Portugueses She came with a great Retinue of Women and Servants Our Men were drawn out to receive her and the Cannon fired The Queen sat upon a Mule whose Trappings reached the ground and she was hid by Curtins fixed to the Saddle her Cloathing was white on her Shoulders a short black Mantle with gold Fringes and from her white Head-Cloaths fell a Veil that covered her Face Barnagais led the Mule his Arm naked and a Tygers Skin upon his Shoulders a Token of Respect a Lord on each side in the same Garb. She opened the Curtains to see the Portugueses and lifted her Veil to be seen by D. Christopher The Reception on both sides was Courteous Afterwards D. Christopher went to Visit Her and by Advice of the Ethiopians it was resolved to Winter there and expect the Emperour's Answer 3. The Answer came expressing his Joy for the Arrival of the Portugueses and desiring D. Christopher to march the beginning of Summer It was put in execution Some Light Horse led the Van to discover then followed the Artillery next the Baggage after it the Queen guarded by fifty Portugues Musqueteers D. Christopher brought up the Reer Barnagais and his Officers made up the Flanks In eight days they came to the Mountain Ganè of most difficult ascent on the Top of it was a City and on the highest Cliff a Chappel near which a House hung round with Three hundred embalmed Bodies sewed up in Hides which being rent with Age shewed the Bodies white and uncorrupt Some were of Opinion they were Roman Conquerors of that Country others and among them the Patriarch supposed them to be Martyrs At the sight of the Portugueses many of the People resorted to the Queen 4. Don Christopher marched on to the Mountain Canete well Watered and stored with Cattle impregnable by Nature and yet strengthned by Art Formerly the Emperours were Crowned here now it was held for the Tyrant by a Thousand Men who at times came down to Ravage the Country D. Christopher contrary to the Advice of the Queen and her Counsel resolved to assault that Den of Thieves He divided his Men into three parts and led the one himself and boldly assaulted the Three Passes that led to it but were forced this day to desist by reason
F. Pascalis was so well received by the King Iavira Pandar of Candea that desiring to become a Christian he was only deterred for fear of his Subjects rebelling and therefore desired assistance of the Governour in case of any Commotion Antony Moniz Barreto was sent to this effect Mean while the King of Cota persuades Iavira That he should no sooner be a Christian but the Portugueses would deprive him of his Kingdom The King giving Credit to this wicked Device resolved to kill all the Portugueses sent to his assistance But the better to execute it feigned himself still of the same Mind Barreto it is not known how had Intelligence of the Design and finding more danger in Returning to the Ships than going on to Ceitavaca where that King was our Friend he caused those One hundred and twenty Men he had Landed to burn all they had except some little Provision to let them know they were to save nothing but their Lives Three days they marched fighting with Eight thousand Men so fortunately that they arrived at Ceitavaca without losing one Man To the great Honour of their Captain 9. Our irreconcileable Enemy the King of Achem about this time sent against Malaca a Fleet of sixty Sail and in it Five thousand Land-men among which were Five hundred Orobalones commonly called Of the Gold Bracelets because they wear them and are very brave but his best Regiment was of Turks and Janizaries This Body was Commanded by a Valiant Moor who had the style of Dr. King of Pedir He Landed by Night at Malaca and found nothing but some Geese which he took to shew his Prince as a Testimony of his Landing But those Fowl alarming the City as formerly the Capitol caused all to be in readiness which was but little the Town being then very scarce of Men. 10. However the Enemy was forced to retire and imbark having burnt two Ships of ours that were ready to sail Without they took seven Fishermen and cutting off their Noses Ears and Feet sent them to the Commander Simon de Melo with a Challenge writ with their Blood The Challenge was made a Jest of because there was no Force there to Answer it But the Great St. Francis Xaverius who was zealous for the King's Honour as well as the Service of God being there then he disapproved the Jest and advised to meet the Enemy at any rate The Governour and others excused themselves urging there were in the Port but eight small Vessels which as being rotten and unfit for service lay aground This was true but the Cause of it was the Neglect and Avarice of the Government 11. The Great Xaverius took so much pains that he prevailed with some Merchants to fit out those Vessels prophetically promising two Galliots would come to their Aid The time prefixed was near expired when they appeared sailing for Patane and came into Malaca though they had not designed it The Saint went aboard found they were Commanded by Iames Suarez de Melo called the Gallego and his Son Baltasar he persuaded them to have a part in that Action These Ten poor Vessels being fitted and manned with Two hundred and thirty Men sailed to find out the Enemy under the Command of D. Francis Deça 12. Being about to return Home after two Months spent in search of the Enemy they found him in the River Parles and Engaged upon a Sunday Morning The Fight was desperate our Men behaved themselves with incredible Bravery and had a most compleat Victory killing Four thousand of the Enemy sinking several of their Ships and taking most of the rest whereof they carried away but Twenty five for want of Men and burnt the rest Three hundred Pieces of Cannon were taken and almost a Thousand Musquets This Victory cost us but Twenty five Men some say only four 13. At the time of this Fight St. Francis was Preaching at Malaca and pausing on a sudden related all the particulars of it to his Auditory who were in great Care for those Ships having had no News of them in two Months His Prediction was verified a few days after by their Arrival 14. In September arrived five Ships from Lisbon Six set out but the one was Cast-away at Angoxa the Men saved and distributed amongst the other Ships CHAP. V. The End of the Government of D. John de Castro 1. THe Governour began this Year with the utter destruction of the Coast subject to Hidalcan He had the same Fleet as before and began in Ianuary at the River Charopa two Leagues from Goa He spared neither Living Creature Vegetable nor the very Stones but burnt and slaughtered all as far as the City Dabul which was reduced to Ashes the Inhabitants being fled with the best of their Goods Hence he ran in the same manner to the River Cifardam which parts this Kingdom from that of Melique 2. The King of Campar who had taken the City Adem from the Turks being threatned by them had recourse to the Portugueses submitting himself to our King and to this effect D. Payo de Norona was sent to him with a Supply by the Commander of Ormuz D. Payo behaved not himself as he ought to have done on this Occasion for the King marching out to fight the Turks by whom he was beaten and slain and having left him to guard the City he over-fearful of Treachery retired to his Ship and returned not though he saw the Town Assaulted Some Turkish Galleys came and besieged the place and D. Payo having promised the Prince assistance left him carrying away the few Portugueses he had brought Emanuel Pereyra resolved to stay there and Francis Vieyra who was raising Men at Campar made his way in Both behaved themselves bravely but the Turks entring by Treachery the Prince and one of his Brothers were killed the Portugueses with another retired to Campar to expect the Succours were to come from India 3. D. Alvaro went with Three hundred Men in Thirty Vessels loaded with Ammunition The Governour was overjoyed with the News of the submission of Adem But this Joy was soon allayed by a dangerous Fever and a violent Mutiny raised for want of Bread Emanuel de Sousa Sepulveda prudently appeased it and the Governour being recovered caused his Hand to be cut off who Beat the Drum to Call the People and two others of the Chief to be imprisoned 4. D. Iohn de Ataide or Meneses sent before by D. Alvaro to Adem entring boldly as believing it to be in the possession of D. Payo lost two Vessels and all the Men that were in them who were either killed or made Slaves by the Turks Noronha met D. Alvaro at Canequirim and earnestly laboured to represent how great the Danger was that obliged him to quit that place But the dead Kings Embassadour and his own Silence when accused were Witnesses against him He came afterwards to Goa and one of his Servants having taken a Hen from a Slave the Slave was complaining at
struck him out of his Books never to â—…e received into Service This also was put in execution Almeyda's Crime was That he had seemed to undervalue the Kings Favour refusing some Grace offered him The Vice-Roy was concerned that the differences between the Kings of Pimienta and Cochiâ—… grew daily greater Towards the End of November the Vice-Roy sailed with a good Fleet to assist the latter who was our Friend He was met at Sea by D. Iames de Noronha and his Fleet with whom came Gonçalo Pereyra Marramaque who was received with much Joy for his great Bravery in the late Action with the Turks It was agreed after some Consultation to land in the Islands called Alagada's belonging to the King of Pimienta The Natives in crowds opposed our Men landing with showers of Arrows but the Cannon made way After a vigorous Resistance all was destroyed with Fire and Sword only one Man was lost on our side 12. Gomes de Silva was left to prosecute the War which he did so successfully that the King sued for Peace which was concluded to our advantage and he was satisfied with the restitution of the Islands his Wife and the People taken in them The Vice-Roy dispatched the Ships for Portugal That of Ferdinand Alvarez Cabral was Cast-away at Aguada de S. Blas some of the Men got ashoar in Boats After a tedious Journey by Land Cabral and D. Alvaro de Noronha with his Family were drowned in a River The Vice-Roy sent his Son D. Ferdinand with a good Fleet to the Red-Sea He attempted to gain the Fort of Dofar but was repulsed with loss of seven or eight Men so he returned without any effect 14. At Diu arose New Troubles on account of the death of the King Sultan Manaud He was bred with Poison like Mithridates that none might hurt him When his Women were near their time he opened them to take out the Children He was one day hunting a Deer with some of them and falling off from his Horse hung by the Stirrup the Horse dragged him and one of the Women running cut the Girts with a Cimiter in requital he killed her saying A Woman of such courage had enough to kill him A Page in whom he had great confidence murdered him for Tyrants always dye by the hands of those they trust A Child accounted his Son succeeded him The Nobility offended at the Insolence of Madre Maluco who with the Title of Governour managed the Affairs of the Crown rebelled in several parts One of these was Abixcan at Diu who suffering his Men to Affront ours obliged D. Iames de Almeyda to enter the City with Five hundred Men killing a great number and plundering their Houses Abixcan though late saw his Error and came to Composition and was afterwards more submissive than had been at first desired of him 14. D. Iames de Noronha succeeded Almeyda in that Post in pursuance of the Kings Order before-mentioned The Moors forgetting their Fault and the Punishment they had incurred relapsed again Noronha with Six hundred Men so refreshed their Memories that they abandoned the City Cide Elal who Commanded in the Castle that was in the City offered to defend himself but seeing our Men begin to scale it submitted to march away without Arms. The Castle was demolished Scarce was it done when Abixcan appeared with Four hundred Men. Ferdinand de Castanoso advanced to meet him with One hundred and twenty but Three hundred of the Enemies Horse obliged him to retire in such disorder that on a sudden he found he had but seventeen Men left He posted himself where the Horse could not come and the Three hundred Enemies dismounting beset the 18 who back to back defended themselves till they were all killed their Hearts cut out and carried to the General 15. D. Iames de Norona marched on with the rest of the Men ignorant of what had happened but so impatient to engage with Abixcan that he could no way be dissuaded from pressing forward Meeting the Three hundred Horse he fell on furiously and put them to flight but Abixcan coming on with his Cannon D. Iames was forced to retire rather losing than gaining Reputation in this Action Common Conveniency brought them to an Accommodation Noronha this day lost by his Rashness what he often deserved for his Valour for the Factor endeavouring to stop his fury and saying to him He ought to consider the King's Fort would be lost He Answered in a Passion No matter when I am gone all is gone This saying was remembred when he was in election to be Vice-Roy of India and deprived him of that Post because it was thought so great a Trust could not with safety be reposed upon so rash a Man 16. The Great Turk hearing Miradobec was come off worse than the Unfortunate Pirbec and Alechelubij making great boast of what he would do gave him the Command of fifteen Galleys D. Ferdinand who was come out of the Red-Sea went after them On the 25th of August he had sight of them near Mascate Alechelubij not daring to give Battle endeavoured to get off with all his Galleys but six of them could not escape being taken by our Caravels 17. D. Ferdinand put into Mascate refitted the Galleys bought the Slaves and appointed them Captains Alechelubij pursued by some of our Vessels was drove into Suratt with seven of his nine Galleys and there shut up by D. Hierome de Castellobranco Nuno de Castro and D. Emanuel Mascarenhas The other two were pursued by D. Ferdinand de Monroy and Antony Valadares till they were beaten to pieces on the Coast of Damam and Daru 18. But because one is coming to succeed our Vice-Roy let us say somewhat of him He was modest easie and not active which was the Cause his Government answered not expectation As to his Person he was of a middle Stature a graceful Countenance and agreeable Behaviour his Complexion swarthy his Hair black In the number of Vice-Roys he was the 5th in that of Governours the 17th and held it four years the second of the Name and Sirname CHAP. XI The Government of the Vice-Roy D. Peter de Mascarenhas from the Year 1554 till 1555 King JOHN the Third still Reigning 1. DOn Peter de Mascarenhas was of one of the best Families of Portugal and had born the most considerable Offices in the Kingdom and was 70 years of Age when named Vice-Roy of India He set out of Lisbon with six Ships one of them was drove back and that in which he went as soon as he Landed at Goa sunk downright In these Ships were Two thousand Land-men The first thing the Vice-Roy did he appointed his Nephew Ferdinand Martinez Admiral to the great dissatisfaction of all Men. Martinez had 32 Sail given him and Orders to bring to Goa the 7 Turkish Galleys that were blocked up at Suratt Cáraçen Commander of that place would not permit it and gave good sufficient Reasons for his refusing so by
Gold after loading the Vessels with one of the richest Booties that had been taken in Asia He lost not one Man in this Action He spent eight days destroying all on both sides Indus The Fort of Bandel made some Resistance but being taken was demolished 13. Gaspar de Monterroyo a Souldier of Note going accidentally into a Wood met some Blacks who bid him go no farther for hard-by there was a Serpent had just then devoured a Bullock He desiring to see such a Monster as they described went on till he discovered the Head which was of a wonderful bigness and not satisfied came so near as to touch it with the Point of his Sword and the Monster lifted up its Head and he gave it such a fortunate stroak on a soft place that it soon after died It was thirty Foot long and proportionable in bigness Barreto returned thus Victorious over Men and Monsters to Chaul There he found Orders to go to Dabul where he would find Antony Pereyra Brandam Admiral of that Coast. They were to joyn in order to destroy that City in part of Revenge for the damage Hidalcan did us Being joyned they attacked the City and though vigorously defended it was taken and wholly reduced to a heap of Rubbish Then they did the same to all the Villages upon the shoar of that River CHAP. XIII The End of the Government of Francis Barreto 1. HIdalcan's General Nazer Maluco entred the Lands of Salsete and Bardes with 2000 Horse and 18000 Foot The Governour with 3000 Portugueses 1000 Canara's and 200 Horse met him in the Fields of Ponda having then but 17000 Men and a Mountain on his back He furiously attacked put him to flight and returned victorious to Goa D. Peter de Meneses who Commanded the Fort of Rachol did what he could which was not much because the Enemy was too numerous Iohn Peixoto vigorously opposed Moratecan in the Lands of Bardes A Renegado Portugues who had fortified himself doing him much harm he assaulted and routed him twice killing 200 of his Men and 〈◊〉 Captain Nazer Maluco intrenched himself again at Ponda 2. Five Ships arrived now from Portugal three of them were Cast-away in their Return home one at Tierra del Natal another at the Island St. Thomas and the third at Madagascar The arrival of these Ships and some damage we had done Hidalcan obliged him to conclude a Peace which we sued for yet was not dishonourable 3. D. Duarte Deça Commander of Ternate was not idle He was harsh and covetous so easily falling out with the King he Unchristian-like Imprisoned him his Mother and Brother Cachil Guzarate using them very unworthily and to compleat his Cruelty ordered they should have nothing to eat Publick Complaints obliged him to consent the Hospital of Misericordia should maintain them and his desire of killing them made him so base as to poison their Water which was discovered by a Stone the King had in a Ring The Ternatenses took Arms and called in the Tidores so that the Fort was in great danger 4. D. Duarte having received Relief ventured to fight at Sea with as good success as if Justice had been on his side But the Portugueses themselves no longer able to endure his Obstinacy put him into Custody and discharged the Prisoners which put an end to that Discord No Man would take upon him the Command of the Fort till Antony Pereyra Brandam was forced by the People to accept of it in Trust till the Governour disposed of it Whilst some Portugueses in the Maluco's by their Actions appeared most barbarous Heathens some Infidels became Christians a thing to be admired having such ill Examples before them The King of the Island Bacham was converted by F. Antony Vaz a Jesuit 5. The War continued at Goa A Moor with Five hundred Men waded over the Ford of Zacorla in the Island Choram and surprizing those few Portugueses that were in it gained some advantage till others coming in from several Parts drove them headlong into the Water where many of them were drowned The Governour hearing of this marched to their Relief and sent before George Mendoça Commander of the City with some Gentlemen who behaved themselves well and brought many Heads of Moors to the Governour All was kept quiet afterwards by D. Francis Mascarenhas who was left in the Island with 300 Men. 6. The Governour desiring to secure the Promontory of Chaul asked leave of the King Nizamuxa to fortifie it He not only refused it but secured the Messenger and sent 30000 Men who began to build an impregnable Fort there The Governour sent Alvaro Perez de Sotomayor with some Ships to keep the Mouth of the Port till he came which was soon after He brought 4000 Portugueses besides Natives The Enemy better advised proposed a Peace which was concluded to our content on Condition the Work of the Fort should not advance The Governour returned home A Miracle was seen here which was That the Moors could never cut down or remove with force of Elephants a small Wooden-Cross that was fixed upon a Stone 7. The Governour having setled Affairs at Goa was wholly employed in fitting out a mighty Fleet against the King of Achem who is the only Terrour of Malaca In a few Months he provided 25 Galleons 10 Gallies and 80 Galliots all so well furnished it renewed the hopes of fixing our Empire in India But all this Industry falls to nothing for now a new Governour comes and the New ones never prosecute the designs of the Old However this Force was well employed though not as our Governour designed 8. Francis Barreto brought to Lisbon a Jewel wrought by the hand of Nature A Portugues Souldier on the Coast of the Island Ceylon met a Iogue that is a sort of Penitent Heathen who among other things had picked up a brown Pebble of the shape and bigness of an Egg on which were represented the Heavens in several Colours and in the midst of them the Image of our Blessed Lady with our Saviour in her Arms. The Souldier gave him some small thing for this Stone and afterwards it came to the hands of Francis Barreto who presented it to Queen Catherine and by virtue of it God wrought several Miracles in India and Portugal 9. Francis Barreto was a couragious discreet and generous Gentleman and such a Governour as India now mourns for He afterwards returned as Governour and Conquerour of the Empire of Monomotopa where he died as shall be seen in its proper place He had a stately Presence his Complexion tawny and black Hair He Governed three years was the 19th Governour and second of the Name CHAP. XIV The Government of the Vice-Roy D. Constantine de Braganza from the Year 1558 till 1561 in the Reign of King SEBASTIAN 1. ABout the End of the Government of Francis Barreto died King Iohn the Third In him ended the good Fortune of Portugal as did that of India in the Vice-Roy
This was the occasion that Lope Soarez found Solyman at Gidda 4. The Port being dangerous Lope Soarez anchored a League from the City in which there was so good Cannon that three or four Peices reached the Ships at that distance There came a Messenger from Solyman offering a private Combat between Man and Man or as Soarez should propose The Challenge was received by Gaspar de Silva and D. Antonio de Meneses but the Governor would not permit saying he would answer ashore He sounded a Channel that goes up to the City which was terrified by the firing of a Galeon Solyman appeased the Tumult and appeared with some Men without the Walls whilst multitudes appeared on them filling the Air with loud Cries Lope Soarez delayed the landing two days till his Men began to complain of the delay He appeased them by shewing his Instructions wherein he was ordered to fight the Fleet which he could not compass not to attack that City where there might be much danger and little profit Tho Votes differed it was resolved in Council to desist He retired to the Island Camaran whence he sent some to several parts of that Sea Here died Duarte Galvam a studious and ingenious Man who had been Embassador in several parts of Europe and was going now in the same quality being above seventy years of Age to Prester Iohn At his death he said that his Son George Galvam and all his Men were cast away in their Vessel and that in the Island of Dalaca they had cut off the Heads of Laurence de Cosme and others that were sent thither It being impossible this News could be brought to the Island where he died yet was afterwards found true 5. After suffering much through Famine whereof some Men died and losing seventeen Portugueses taken by the Moors and carried to Gidda Lope Soarez set sail and appeared before the City Zeyla on the Mouth of the Red Sea and the African Shoar called by Ptolomy Emporium Avalite being the great Market of those parts The Town was easily taken being unprovided and burnt and then the Fleet bent its course to Aden 6. Here Soarez found how much he had been to blame in not taking possession when offered by Miramirzan for he finding his Enemy now weaker and the Wall repaired refused by forming Delays what afore he offered with haste Lope Soarez fearing to lose time durst not call Miramirzan to account but set sail designing to do the same at the City Barbora as he had done at Zeyla But the Fleet was scattered by Storms and drove to several Ports and when they came after to hear of one another it was found above eight hundred Men had perished by Hunger Sickness and Shipwrack All which Misfortunes made the loss of the most fortunate Albuquerque be the more lamented 7. Whilst these Disstasters attended Lope Soarez another threatened the City Goa where D. Gutierre de Monroy commanded According to the Orders left him by Soarez some Ships of the Enemy were taken of more Value than Reputation and with more Danger than Profit One Alvaro Madureira who was married in Goa fled to the Enemy and turned Moor then was reconciled and falling again brought the Indians to attack our Ships putting them in great danger And because Troubles seldom come alone it happened that one Ferdinando Caldera who also was married there flying the punishment of Crimes followed the Example of Madureira or as was said terrified by the Threats of D. Gutierre who desired his absence being in love with his Wife This is likely since there was scarce ever any great Mischief without a Woman at the end of it Caldera went to serve Ancostan an Officer of Hidalcan D. Gutierre demanded him because he desired not his absence that way Ancostan refused to deliver him The other challenged him but he accepted not De Gutierre sent one who pretending to be a Deserter should kill Caldera he executed it and was killed upon the Body by the Moors Lope Soarez arriving at Goa was informed by D. Gutierre what had passed and left it to him take the revenge he thought fit of Ancostan which produced the loss of Men and Reputation and brought upon the City a dangerous Siege It fell out thus 8. As soon as D. Gutierre had this leave of the Governor he prepared to put his Designs in execution and when he thought time sent out his Brother D. Fernando with one hundred and fifty Portugueses whereof eighty were Horse and a great number of Canaras against Ancostan At Ponda they routed the Moors who rallying obliged D. Ferdinando to retire having lost two hundred Men killed and taken This caused all the Country to rise in Arms against the Portugueses and Hidalcan pretending the Peace was broke to order his General Sufo Lari to besiege Goa Sufo Lari appeared with four thousand Horse and twenty six thousand Foot and attempted to pass into the Island but was repulsed Hunger began to press the Besieged till three Ships arrived one from Portugal another from Quiloa and another from China so Lari raised the Siege and the former Peace was confirmed 9. The same Misfortune attended Malaca through the ill Government of George de Brito and Animosities of others The People fled from Malaca because of their tyrannical Usage and the King of it that had been prepared to recover it sending before to this effect his General Cerilige de Raja with considerable Forces and some Cannon He intrenched himself and so pressed the Besieged that had not D. Alexius de Meneses come to take the Government with three hundred Men then had ended the Portugues Possession of Malaca 10. Anthony de Saldana arrived now in India with six Ships from Portugal In this Fleet went one Alcacova as Surveyor of the King's Revenue with such a Power as lessened that of Lope Soarez and with a will to take it all away There soon broke out the Flame of Contention between these two Alcacova bore down by such as envied him took revenge on himself by returning to Portugal and on them there by causing them to be called to account for their Proceedings Hence began the hearing Complaints against the Governors and Commanders of India and hence it was that many took more care to heap Riches than Honor knowing them to be a protection against all Crimes Lope Soarez sent D. Iohn de Silveira to the Maldivy Islands D. Alexius de Meneses to Malaca Manuel de la Cerda to Diu and Antony de Soldana with six Ships by the King's Order to the Coast of Arabia They arrived at the City Barbora near to Zeyla and not unlike to it but much less It was taken without resistance the Inhabitants being all fled It was burnt and the Fleet without doing any thing remarkable returned to India at such time as Lope Soarez was sailing for the Island Ceylon CHAP. II. A Continuation of what was done in India the same Year 1517 during the Government of the
set up four Colours The Portugueses wounded and burnt run for ease and dipped themselves in Jars of Salt Water where they perished seeking Refreshment with hellish Torture Antony de Silveyra indefatigably repaired to all places encouraging all Here a Soldier wanting Ball pulled out one of his Teeth to load his Musquet The Enemy had much the better this second Assault which a few Gentlemen perceiving furiously rushed upon them Iohn Rodrigues a Man of great Body and as great Courage run out with a Barrel of Powder crying Clear the way for here I carry my own and many a Man's death He threw the Barrel among the Enemies and suddenly above a hundred were carried up into the Air torn in peices twenty lay burnt upon the ground Iohn himself came off without hurt and doing other considerable Actions deserved afterward some of the first Rewards and Honours gained this Siege Other Fireworks burnt the four Ensigns who had set up the Colours Two of our Cannon cleared the place of Enemies and two Bullets threw down two Ensigns that succeeded the former The Enemy withdraws and fresh comes on the third time and place their Colours The Commander of these Son-in-law to Coje Zofar being killed his Men dismayed and turned their Backs These Assaults lasted above four hours the same small number of Portugueses withstanding still fresh and numerous Enemies Our Women in the Fort and theirs on the Walls of the City being Spectators of the whole Action The Portugueses all smeared with Powder looked more like Moors and were known by their Cloaths not Colour and among themselves by the Voice every one looking as if he came out of Hell their black hue wrought with Fire Blood and Sweat In fine the Enemy carried off above a thousand wounded and left above five hundred Men killed Of ours fourteen were killed and two hundred lay useless for want of Blood Only forty remained able to bear Arms and the Arms lay broken to pieces about the Ground some serving such as could not stand on their Legs for Crutches No hope was left if the Enemy renewed the Attack The Walls were all shattered and no Powder left Nothing but horror appeard Only the brave Silveyra's Countenance was what encouraged all Men. 17. Solyman put an end to all these Calamities for not knowing the Condition the Fort was in and terrified with this ill success he raised the Siege Antony Silveyra seeing them weigh anchor and hoise sail thought it was still counterfeit and prepared to resist as if he had any thing to trust to He posted the forty Men and caused some that were wounded to lean against the Walls to shew a number those who could not rise ordered themselves to be carried in their Beds saying It was to die in an honourable place Some of the Women also armed themselves and appeared upon the Works The Night was spent upon the watch but the Morning was more comfortable to the afflicted for Solyman was under Sail without any thought of returning Tho fear did much yet a Device of Coje Zofar did more towards removing Solyman Coje was moved to it by two Reasons one that he was weary of the unsupportable Pride of that Turk another an Order that he had from his King in case he found the Turk would keep that City and Fort as was feared he should rather endeavour to leave it to the Portugueses Coje's Device was that he framed a Letter which came to Solyman's Hands who finding it contained that the Viceroy of India would be there the next day with a vast Fleet he thought not fit to delay his Departure and so sailed away on the fifth of November The same night Coje's Men fired the City and marched away This was the first Siege of Diu which was admired throughout the World and added new Lustre to the Portugues Glory all due to the invincible Courage of the ever renowned Antony de Silveyra and those valiant Gentlemen who were with him and whose Fame will last from Generation to Generation 18. Solyman touched at the Ports on the Coast of Arabia and took up some Portugueses he found there He gathered above 140 and cutting off their Heads then the Ears and Noses salted and sent them to the great Turk to shew what he had done Among these was Francis Pacheco who had not the Courage to die like a Gentleman in his Bulwark Solyman being come to the great Turk and not well agreeing with one who aspired to his Post was reduced to kill himself Such is generally the end of Tyrants 19. This famous Siege was far advanced when the Viceroy D. Garcia de Noronha arrived in India to whom Nuno de Cuna immediately resigned the Government His arrival with so considerable Relief as he brought might well have bettered the Affairs of Diu yet on the contrary it much endamaged them For had he not come Nuno had relieved Diu with eighty Sail he had in a readiness for that purpose and prevented so many Miseries and the death of so many brave Men. Still fresh Advice was brought of the danger the besieged were in and still D. Garcia wasted the time in considering of means to relieve them without chusing any or taking the advise of Cuna Thus the Siege was raised before he found the method of relieving having gathered one hundred and sixty Sail for that purpose 20. D. Garcia wanted not Courage having given good demonstrations of it under Alfonso de Albuquerque But he chose rather to commit an Error through his own wilfulness than act rightly by the advice of Nuno de Cuna 21. It soon appeared Noronha was not at all disposed to take advice of Cuna treating him in such manner at Goa as obliged him to go to Cochin to order his Affairs in order to return to Portugal At Cochin he refused him a convenient Ship contrary to an Order he had from the King to act as Governor and chuse such Vessel as he liked He was forced to set out in a Merchant-Galeon hired for himself and Family Tho the Viceroy treated him ill there no less ill usage was designed him here and doubtless the knowledge D. Garcia had of the ill will the Ministers of State here bore him was the cause of his hard usage there 22. Nuno de Cuna by the way fell sick and died He protested at his death that he had nothing belonging to the King but five Pieces of Coin or Medals of Gold found among the dead King Badur's Treasure which for their Beauty â—…e carried to shew to the King A Chaplain asked How he would have his Body ordered to be brought home And he answered Since God is pleased I should die at Sea let the Sea be my Grave Since the Land would not have me I will not give it my Bones He died like a good Christian. Ordered a sufficient Weight should be tied to his Feet to carry him to the bottom Thus ended an excellent Governor of India His Age fifty two years
Accident was but a just Punishment of Monteyro's Disobedience to the Commander of the City and the Enemy content with this success weighed Anchor and made away 20. The Enemy sailed thence to the City Ior and began furiously to batter it Regale the King seâ—… to Malaca to desire Succour it was sent him in twelve Ships which entred that Port so unexpectedly that before any resistance could be made they fired some of the greatest Gallies killing all that were in tâ—… and presented the King with the Headâ—… of one of those Commanders which being set up on the Shore so terrified the whole Fleet they all fled 21. â—…et us return to Damam Ferdiâ—… de Mirâ—…da put to Sea again with his Squadron consisting of twenty Sail. After most violent Storms they were forced to come to an Anchor at Suratte Setting out thence they attacked a mighty Ship of Balala which surrendred having articled for the Mens Lives CHAP. II. Continues the Government of D. Francis Mascarennas 1. MIranda's Men in a Rage that they were deprived of the Booty of that Ship which had submitted it self beset him to the number of Fourteen Sail and after much reproachful Language left him and sailed away to Damam putting that Town into a great fright because they had set up black Colours They landed and marched in warlike manner into the City committing extravagant Enormities Every one was astonished not knowing the cause nor daring to ask it and their Resolution was to kill Miranda as soon as he landed As soon as he entred the Porâ—… they ran to the Shore rashly wounded several instead 〈◊〉 him no Authority being suâ—…t to 〈◊〉 them Miranda privately withâ—… to the Convent of St. Francis and sent 〈◊〉 to offer them as much as could comâ—… to every Man's share of that booty whereâ—…th they were appeased It was not above 〈◊〉 Crowns a Man which they valued above their Honour and Duty 2. Miranda sailed hence with some small Vessels and took another Ship at Goga and then stood for Casteleâ—…e a Nest of Robbers long since threatned by the Portugueses He now coming furiously upon it demolished the Fort burnt the Town and put the Inhabitants to the Sword 3. Zamori seeing so many Villages on the Coast destroyed by Mathias de Albuquerque offered a Peace Albuquerque was Commissioned to treat of it he finding himself still amuzed with Delays fell again to acts of Hostility destroying all the Coast with Fire and Sword The City of Calicut felt this Fury being strongly cannonaded as were Paracale Capocaate and Chatua This done Mathias went away to Ormuz of which Place he was appointed Captain leaving his Squadron under the Command of D. Giles Yanes Mascarennas who came to succeed him with eight Ships 4. This Year Five Ships set out from Lisbon two 〈◊〉 them 〈◊〉 forced in again one was 〈◊〉 away aâ—… 〈◊〉 two â—…ed in India 〈◊〉 oâ—… 〈◊〉 upon 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 fought thâ—… or foâ—… 〈◊〉 Vessels and 〈◊〉 off with Honour 5. D. Hâ—…ome de 〈◊〉 and Ferdiâ—… de Miraâ—…a being 〈◊〉 with their Sqâ—…drons took each of them two Mâ—…ar Sâ—…ps Both tâ—…se Commanders were goâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Emanuâ—… de Saldanna Captain of 〈◊〉 against the King of the 〈◊〉 who 〈◊〉 over â—…he Camponeses of that Neighâ—… These Commanders being joined with 200 Horse 800 Musketeers almost 1000 â—…laves and Natives and the King of Sarceta at the request of the Vice-Roy with 150 Horse and 500 Foot they marched with great difficulty for the great heat and badness of the ways by Agaçaim Manora Assarim and at the end of Fifteen days discovered the City Tavar they sought for The City had beautiful Buildings and Gardens seated on a Hill that overlooks a very large Plain The King and Inhabitants being fled it was easily burnt with the neighbouring Villages and the Country People and Cattel carried away 6. Our Men advancing into narrow Defiles where two could not go abreast the King of the Coles with 6000 Men fell upon their Rear whilst some Parties annoyed them from the tops of the Hills Here they were brought into great danger and forced to make their utmost Efforts Many Gentlemen signalized themselves and the King of Sarceta appeared always in the greatest danger encouraging â—…e Men wâ—…h his Sword in hand At length our Men made their way through the Defiles and the K. â—…f the Coles defeated was forced to sue for Peace and accept of such a one as we were pleased to grant him 7. This year began with two greaâ—… Losses D. Iohn de Gama sailing from Malaca towards Goa with his Wife Children much Riches and many Men lost his Ship at midnight at Nicobar Above 50 Persons were lost and among them his eldest Son Another Son his Wife and almost 300 Persons were saved in an Island not inhabited He framed a Barque which held 90 and with great Hardships after being made Slaves they got to Coâ—…him the rest being left behind till they could return to fetch them Simon Ferreyra coming in a Ship richly laden from China was cast away in sight of the Coast of Ior. He desired that King to assist him with some Vessels to save part of the Goods and the King took them to himself 8. D. Giles Yanes Mascarennas who commanded the Squadron on the Coast of Malabar would not seem inferior to his Predecessor He made such havock along that Shore that nothing was heard but the Cries of the Inhabitants He twice set fire to Calicut Panane Calegate Marate Conche and the Island Daruti not without opposition with great slaughter of the Heathens 9. They came to the River Cunnale upon which is a Fort of the same Name the Refuge of Pirats subject to the Commander of the Fort. Two Malabar Ships were standing in and being attacked by two of ours the one was taken in the other 50 Men killed by one Ball that swept from Stem to Stern being boarded and almost taken she ungraâ—â—â—ed and made to the Shore that was covered with Mores and defended with Cannon Tavora who commanded our Ship pursued to save 6 Portugueses who were carried away by the Enemy till a Cannon Ball carried away his Leg of which he died Of the 6 only one was carried to Cunnale who at one stroke cut him in two The King of Chale to prevent his own Ruin agreed to pay Tribute assign a place and furnish Workmen and Materials to raise a Fort. Mascarennas on his way to Goa in the River Sal burnt the Villages of Aselonor and those of Cuenti in Salsete 10. Bracalor a City seated on the Coast of Canara in almost 14 Degrees of Latitude was once one of the most noted places of Trade in India in the form of a Common-wealth but much decayed since the Portugueses built a Fort there The People of this place observing that our Commander Francis de Mello Sampayo was wholly taken up in heaping Riches and pleasing his Wife resolved to rid themselves of that Clog They agreed to
of Succession but being come for Portugal when they were opened was again here appointed with the Title of Vice-Roy The Season was so far advanced it was generally believed he could not go through but he caused himself to be Painted on his Colours standing upon Fortune and setting them up in his Ship said He would perform the Voyage in spight of her and did it About the time he entred upon the Government there sailed from Lisbon Iames Pereyra Tibao in a small Ship and in December Ruy Gomez de Gram in a Galleon and Gaspar Fagundez in a Caravel who were to be in India about the middle of this Year we now enter upon and about the end of it arrived there four Ships that set out about the beginning 2. The Vice-Roy understanding that the King of Iafanapatan assisted him of Candea against and delighted in Persecuting such as imbraced the Christian Religion calling himself King of Kings sent against him Andrew Furtado that great Commander with 20 Sail. 3. Off of Calicut he met three Ships of Meca after a hot Engagement he sunk two and took one Then he sailed in search of the Pirat Cotimuza Nephew and Admiral to Cunnale who with 14 some say 22 Galleys was become absolute on the Coast of Coromandel had taken several of our Ships and designed to take from us the Forts of Columbo and Manar At the Mouth of the River Cardiva Furtado met and fought him and he having behaved himself well escaped by swimming leaving us possessed of his whole Fleet. It is pity we want the Particulars of this fine Action 4. Our Admiral after this Victory entring the Port of Manar found there a great Fleet and made himself Master of it many of the Men swimming a-shore to join the King's Army Furtado Lands and marches toward the Town which was well fortified manned and provided He assaults the Works and drives the Defendants into the Town whence the King with severe Language made his Commander return to Charge the Portugueses without hearkning to the Advice he gave him to shift for himself because they would soon be in his Palace The General returned and was killed with all his Men. The Portugueses advancing slew the King and his eldest Son his younger Brother casting himself at Furtado's Feet begged his Life which was granted him and the Government of that Kingdom till the Vice-Roy should order it otherwise He was afterwards made King upon reasonable Terms 5. At this time Cunnale Marcar a Subject of the King of Calicut successfully scoured that Coast with a good Squadron Against him the Vice-Roy sent D. Alvaro de Abranchez with a considerable Fleet. F. Francis da Coâ—…a was then Prisoner at the Court of Zamori who inclined that Prince to treat of Peace with the Portugueses and to that effect sent the same Father to D. Alvaro who was then in that Sea D. Alvaro sent him to the Vice-Roy the Peace was concluded to the content of both Parties and Zamori not only released all the Slaves in his Kingdom but encouraged the Jesuits to build a Church himself laying the first Stone 6. The beginning of this Year sailed from Lisbon four Ships two whereof we shall see miserably perish at the latter end of the Year following 7. Let us go to Moçambique where there happened a great loss Our Commander of Tete had some Skirmishes with the Cafres our Enemies Tete is a Fort of that Authority that all the Neighbours for three Leagues about divided under eleven Captains obey the Commander of it as each does their own and upon the least signal given resort thither to the number of 2000 armed Men. With these Cafres and some Portugueses he marched against Quisura Captain of the Munbo Cafres who was at Chicarongo Six hundred of these gave him Battle and were cut off every Man of them whereby many Prisoners were released who were to have been slaughtered like Cattle for the Shambles theirs being of human Flesh. The Tyrant Quisura was also killed who used to pave the way to his Habitation with the Sculls of those he had overcome 8. Andrew de Santiago Commander of the Fort of Sena designing as much against the Muzimba's found them so well fortified he was obliged to send to Peter Fernandes de Chaves Commander of Tete for aid Chaves marched with some Portugues Musqueteers and the Cafres under his Command but the Muzimba's being informed of it and fearing the Conjunction of those Forces fell upon him so unexpectedly that they slew him and all his Portugueses being advanced before their Cafres who thereby had time to retire The Victors quarter'd the dead for Food and returned with them to their Works F. Nicholas of the Rosary a Dominican was reserved from this general slaughter and after shot to death with Arrows 9. Next day the Muzimba's marched out of their Works after their Leader who had put on the Casula or Vestment taken from the martyr'd Priest and holding a Dart in his Right hand and the Chalice in the Left The Men carried the Commander of Tete's Head on a Spear and the Quarters of the Portugueses on their Backs Andrew de Santiago astonished at that Sight thought to retire by Night but the Enemy falling upon him he was killed with most of his Men so that in both Actions above 130 of them were cut in pieces to be buried in those Barbarians Bellies 10. D. Peter de Sousa Commander of Moçambique under whose Jurisdiction Tete is set out with 200 Portugueses and 1500 Cafres to take Revenge on these Munzimba's He batter'd their Works but with no success and endeavouring to Scale them was repulsed Being likely to succeed by raising Gabions as high as their Trenches he was prevented by some cowardly Portugueses who to hide their fear pretended the Fort of Sena was in danger Our Commander drawing off to relieve it was attacked by the Muzimba's lost many of his Men the Cannon and other Booty Yet the Enemy offered a Peace which was concluded 11. Soon after one of these Muzimba's marching Eastward gather'd 15000 Men and killing all in his way that had Life set down before Quiloa which he entred by the Treachery of one of the Inhabitants and put them all to the Sword 12. This done he caused the Traytor and all his Family in his presence to be cast into the River saying It was not fit such base People who betrayed their Country should be spared nor yet eaten because they were venomous therefore he cast them to be Food for the Fish So odious is Treason even among Barbarians He designed to have done the same at Melinde but that King assisted by 30 Portugueses withstood him till 3000 of the Mosseguejo Cafres coming to the Relief of Melinde the Muzimba's were so slaughtered that of all that Army only 100 escaped with the general after they had ravaged 300 Leagues Behold the Chalice of this Muzimba 13. Maâ—…hew Mendez de Vasconcelos by force of Arms re-established the King
dead D. F. Alexius de Meneses Archbishop of Goa succeeded him in the Government but not in the Title About the beginning of his Government failed from Lisbon the three Ships which were to have set out the Year before After them followed two Galleons and two small Ships the two former were to remain in India 2. The Hollanders now aimed at the Conquest of the Island of Moçambique Our Fort there was commanded by D. Stephen de Ataide who not long before had obtained of the Emperor of Monomotapa a Grant of all the Silver Mines in his Dominions which are much richer than those of Asia to the Crown of Portugal The Motive of this Donation was that we might assist him to subdue his Rebellious Subjects which D. Stephen performed securing him in his Throne and to us that great Gift if we had known how to make use of it 3. About the end of May Paul Vercaden the Dutch Admiral anchored in the great Port of Moçambique with 8 Ships well stored and carrying 1500 Men. In the Fort there were but 80 Men a few and but indifferent Pieces of Cannon and that scarce fit for Service Nevertheless D. Stephen lost no Courage but posted his Men whilst the Enemy invested the Place 4. The Enemies Cannon-Balls flying very thick kept the Walls bare of Men so that a Colonel of theirs boldly rode about viewing our Works till he was struck down dead with a Bullet The Enemy carrying on their Approaches under the shelter of their Batteries that continually played our Men were forced to appear upon the Walls to oppose that Danger and the Hollanders being tired offered a Truce which was accepted While it lasted they reproached the Portuguâ—…ses that they had degenerated from their ancient Valour who to convince them of the contrary offered to fight 50 of them with only 25 which they refusing it gave new Courage to the Besieged 5. The Truce expiring the Cannon on both sides began to play The Enemy thought to take off the use of ours by bringing up to the Walls great Wooden Towers equal with our Paâ—…apets It was a dark stormy night when they began to advance but our watchful Centinels perceiving it so many Fireworks were heaped on them they were forced to retire with some loss Next night notwithstanding all opposition they were laid close to the Walls Twenty five Portugueses sallied with a Resolution to burn or break them but succeeded not 6. Being disappointed of that Design they fall upon the Hollanders who increased to 500 and killing many those 25 retired without losing one only some were wounded This Action seemed to have astonished the Enemy for the next day they stirred not nor after that for a whole week thô they saw their Castles burnt At last the Admiral sent Ataide a Letter threatning to spoil all the Country about unless he redeemed it from Ruin with a Sum of Money 7. Our Commander refused and the Hollander burnt down all that the Fire could lay hold of so the Town and other Buildings perished Next they cut down all the Woods and then raised the Siege which had lasted two months during which time 13 of our Men were killed and of theirs above 300. As they went over the Bar one of their Ships was sunk by our Cannon Scarce were they gone in the beginning of Iune when three of our Ships from Portugal under the command of D. Hierome Coutino entred the Port. Not long after came in Peter Blens about the end of Iuly with 3 Holland Ships and 2000 Men which might have been our Ruin had they come sooner 8. D. Hierome having the best he could relieved the Place was under Sail for India when Blens came in imagining Vercaden was by that time possess'd of the Fort. The Portugueses undeceived him with some Cannon Shot to which he answered by landing his Men and besieging the Fort as the other had done The first day the Batteries played they spent above 300 great Shot which laid one side open and they might have entred had they been as resolute to Assaulâ—… as furious in making the Breach The Damage received by Day was repaired by night Next morning 25 Men sallying killed 30 and returned without losing one bringing in Arms Drums and Colours One of these engaged with three of the Enemy well Armed killed two and put the other to flight 9. A Frenchman and 4 Hollanders came to the Wall begging to be protected as being Caâ—…olicks Blens in a fury demands them of oâ—… Commander who refused to deliver them and he in revenge ties 6 Portugueses taken at his entrance into the Harbour and shoots them to Death One hundred and fifty more were in the same danger who were taken out of a Galleon which coming from Portugal and knowing nothing of what had happened there run into the midst of the Enemies Ships and was burnt by them D. Stephen chose rather to expose those Men to danger than break Faith with those five he had taken into Protection But Blens his Passion being over he recalled the Sentence raised the Siege and setting Sail put all the Portugueses he had taken ashore in the Island of St. George The loss on both sides now was much the same as had been given and received before by Vercaden Blens sailed out of the Port about the end of August 10. While the Archbishop was Governour two Squadrons sailed from Portugal for India That of the Year 1608 shall be spoke of in the next Chapter because it carried D. Iohn Pereyra Frojas Count de Feyra who went Viceroy of India but died by the way The other of the same Year which arrived there in 1609 and carried Ruy Lorenço de Tavora to the same Command shall be spoken of in the Chapter of Andrew Furtado de Mendoca who succeeded the Archbishop This Religious Man governed two Years and a half and was the 38th Governour the first of the Name and sixth of the Sirname and first Church-man that had that Post. He was of a middle Stature white of Complexion grey with Years of a serene Countenance which moved Respect and took such care of his Servants that many got Estates CHAP. VIII Of the Viceroy D. John Pereyra Frojas Count de Feyra in the Year 1608. 1. AT the beginning of this Year sailed from the Port of Lisbon for India D. Iohn Pereyra Frojas Count de Feyra with the Title of Viceroy He raised in all Men great expectation as well for his Personal Merit as the greatness of his Quality and the Preparations for his Voyage were suitable being the greatest that till then had been His Squadron consisted of 6 Ships and 8 Galleons 2. The Viceroy set out on the 29th of March died on the 15th of May his Body was sent back and brought to Lisbon the 24th of Iuly The Admiral Noronna succeeded in the Command of the Fleet. The Count was the second that died by the way going to govern India and may be accounted 3d of
Men were in expectation of the Effect of those great Preparations when on the first of September there appeared at a great distance several Sail that seemed to be of bulk It was concluded they were Hollanders Our Governor hearing of it run down to the Shore and in a few hours made ready some Ships and Galliots saying Now shall they see how Andrew Furtado with these light Vessels boards their three Deck Ships The time is come 4. Just as he came out to order Affairs so without returning to Court was he going aboard without calling any Body but this his Resolution being known there soon flocked to him as many Men as there was occasion for So it happened to King Emanucl whom he now seemed to imitate who hearing the danger Arzila was in set out Post and without beating Drum by that his speed presently raised a great Army But as the Governor was spreading Sail advice was brought that they were no Enemies but Ships from Portugal that brought a new viceroy 5. This was Ruy Lorenço de Tavora who sailed from Lisbon at the end of October with four Galleons and a Caravel and had Wintered in the Island of Ibo Those who came received a double satisfaction one in their safe arrival the other in seeing that Port of Goa covered with such a number of Ships as represented the past more happy times 6. Many were sorry Furtado was so soon deprived of that Government for the great hopes they had conceived of his good Fortune and Heaven seemed to favour his continuance by the Death of the Count de Feyra who was going to that Command 7. Even the Viceroy that went to succeed him was troubled for seeing that Bay full of many so Ships and in such Order he asked Who governed India and being told that Andrew Furtado he replied I thought so for the greatness of this Work assured me it could have no other Author I am sorry I came now to India to take this Command because it is a hindrance to the great Actions might be expected from such a Governor 8. Since this untimely arrival of the Viceroy has cut off what might be expected from Furtado's Government let us Epitomize what he acted under others At 16 Years of Age he was in Africk when the unfortunate King Sebastian went over thither Then passed over into India and having performed some Military Exploits had the Command of ten Ships with which he relieved the Fort of Braçalor besieged by King Sincarnoboro He not only raised the Siege but reduced the King to become Tributary to Portugal then falling upon those that had combined with him destroyed their Countries with Fire and Sword and took one of the chiefest with all his Vessels putting all the Men to the Sword He took several Ships of Meca defeated the great General Cotimuza destroyed another Fleet at Manar taking many Ships slew the King of Iafanapatan that was in Rebellion ruined a Fleet of Malabars that did us great harm on those Seas raised the Siege Raju had laid to Columbo levelled the Formidable Fort of Cunnale bringing him and his Nephew Prisoners to Goa drove the Hollanders from Amboyna and Sunda reduced the Rosatelo's then in Rebellion gained many strong holds in the Islands of Ito Nao and Veranula and being Commander of Malaca held out a Siege of four Months against the Hollanders and 11 neighbouring Kings 9. It was great to overcome so many Enemies but far greater to conquer himself In the dead of Night a Woman got into his Apartment offering him her Daughter moved thereto by extream want After a severe Reprimand he charges her to marry the Daughter and gives her a Purse of Money with assurance he would make up the Portion 10. All these great Actions he had performed at the Age of 45 besides many more which in another had been considerable but not of Note to him He was as to his Quality of the best of Portugal Having governed three Months he Embarqued for Portugal died by the way of the Jaundice and lies in the Church of our Lady of Grace in Lisbon Of Stature he was somewhat tall his Complexion tawny of Body lean and was the 40th Governor and 2d of the Sirname CHAP. X. The Government of the Vice-Roy Ruy Lorenço de Tavora from the Year 1609 till 1612. 1. SCarce was Ruy Lorrenço de Tavora setled in the Government when there came in 5 Ships from Portugal which with the same number that carried him made 10 and consequently a great number of Men that went in them 2. About the beginning of the Year were set out the usual Squadrons but more numerous and better manned than usual by reason of the great Preparations before spoke of and the Men that came newly At the same time came from Lisbon 3 Ships for India 3. The greatest Action at this time was in Ceylon where D. Hierome de Azevedo who had that Command went on with the usual Success that always attended him in that Post. He marched with 700 Portugueses and 25000 Lascarines that is Chingala Soldiers to assault the City Candea and finding by the way the Fort of Balane abandoned left Antony de Costa Monteyro in it with two Companies Then advancing to the River of Candea and finding it well fortified nevertheless he attempted to pass it receiving the Enemy's Fire which for some time did no Execution Yet our Men gave way till F. Gaspar de la Madalena a Franciscan ran into the River holding up a Crucifix and encouraging them whereupon they charged and drove the Enemy from their Works who fled to the Mountains abandoning the City which was burnt and such as could be overtaken slain 4. This Success so thoroughly reconciled the King of Candea to us that he admitted the Conversation of the Franciscans and put his two Sons into their Hands to be bred Christians Thus the Peace was concluded and he writ to our King Philip to Compliment him upon his accession to the Crown testifying the great Affection he bore him and desiring to be esteemed among the Princes of Asia as one that most desired his Correspondence 5. The Moor Abdala Carima Tanadar of Nizamaluco who besides his natural hatred to the Portugueses was malicious on account that he had lost half a hand by them disturbed the Peace at Chaul His Pretence was receiving his Prince's Revenue wherein he proceeded with much Insolence and we on our part bore much rather than break into open War 6. Our Commander D. Francis Rolim complained to Nizamaluco who answered with Threats that he would fit out a Fleet and that the Hollanders were already in that Sea To be as good as his Word he set out 30 Paraos which robbed all that came in their way belonging to the Portugueses The Tanadar being thus backed hearing that George Henrique was gone out to a Wood he killed him and took his Wife and two Daughters 7. The People of Chaul pressed the Commander to commence the War
to be naked than to endure such unsupportable Pains Her Feet were torn and she then fainting they cast all the Fire upon her Seeing she neither died nor complained the Executioners strangled her after having suffered alone enough to purchase many the Glory of Martyrdom 19. Tamarascan the Queen's Son understanding the Death of his Mother entred Persia in a rage and obtained several Victories in 3 Years slew above 70000 Persians At length a Peace was concluded and he restored to all he had lost 20. Two of the Religious of St. Augustin travelled towards Georgia suffered great Extremities in vast Desarts in some Places near perishing in Snow At Emanenga in Armenia they were entertained by the Religious of the Order of St. Dominick who reside there 21. At Ervan the Metropolis of Armenia they were courteously received by the Patriarch in a Convent of 30 Religious of St. Basil whose Office is long being the whole Psalter every day and Matins at midnight That Prelate was a Man of a very austere Life gave great Alms redeemed Captives repaired Churches was a great Reformer of Manners and suppressed Married Priests He was almost Adored by the Armenians and hearkened to the Proposal of submiting to the See of Rome Our Religious found him Preaching in a Church but as soon as he saw them he took leave of the Auditory and went to receive them washed and kissed their Feet telling the People Those were the true Apostles of Christ. 22. At length our Religious entred Georgia were honourably received by the King who refused to let them kiss his Hand but made them sit and knowing they carried the greatest part of his Mother's Body declared himself pleased above measure 23. That day they dined with the King the next with the Queen she and her Ladies went to receive the Body and heard Mass with great attention The King caused his Mother to be buried among the ancient Kings of Georgia Speaking of the Pope he said He owned him as chief Prelate and had always declared him such Being presented with two Images of our Saviour and Blessed Lady he said He worshipped them not because they were Idols and only honoured Pictures One of the Fathers reprehended him and was going away but he held by his Habit kissed him and begged Pardon affirming He knew not what he said 24. Next day the King and Queen excused themselves to the Father praying him not to depart but to choose any Place in the Kingdom to build a Church and Monastery He pitched upon the City Gori which is seated in a Plain watered by two great Rivers well stored with Fish The Patriarch an ancient and venerable Person with the Bishops and other Clergy thought they could never sufficiently encourage the new Foundation This happened about the end of the Year 1628. 25. To conclude with these Religious they laboured as much as any in China India Persia and Arabia On the 17th of May 1626 after Noon at Bassora was seen a Cloud rising in the East in the form of a Half-Moon the Horns whereof seemed to inclose that City It appeared like Smoke and Ashes and moved with a Noise that seemed to threaten Destruction All the Country about for the space of half an hour was quite dark then for two hours followed such a storm of Wind and Thunder as terrified all those People The Turks and Persians fled to the Christian Church believing that the only safe place and crying aloud the former Codá Codá the latter Ala Ala that is God God without remembring Mahomet 26. In the Year 1627 the Enemy surprized a Ship of ours there and killed all the Men but three who being carried before Hazen Governour of Humo he offered them their Lives if they would become Mahometans They answered They were ready to die rather than do so He caused them to be Beheaded on the 21st of December 1628. 27. In Africk these Religious baptized the Prince of Melinde who afterwards coming to the Crown acknowledged the Pope writing a Letter to him in the Year 1627 which he signed by the Name of D. Hierome Chingalia This was the first King that received the Faith in those Parts which might have spread more had not the Portugueses by their Enormities obliged this Prince to fall off from them and the Faith as shall be seen hereafter CHAP. II. Continues the Government of the Viceroy D. Francis de Gama Count De Vidigueyra 1. THis Year sailed from Lisbon two Ships and six Galleons under the Command of Nunno Alvarez Botello and arrived all safe at Goa Mean while Ruy Freyre de Andrade with his Squadron was successful in the Sea of Ormuz cutting off Provisions from that Town sinking some Vessels and chasing others He had done more if better supported 5. Some English and Dutch Ships having relieved Ormuz distressed by that Gentleman the Viceroy strengthened by those Ships come from Portugal would not suffer them to depart without being visited He sent Nunno Alvarez Botello Admiral against them with 8 Galleons They sailed at the beginning of the Year 1625 and were separated by a Storm but six meeting Botello appeared in the Sea of Ormuz and was received by twelve of those two Nations The Fight was very terrible and the Enemy having the Wind our Admiral could not come to board as he desired The Dutch Admiral and Vice-Admiral being disabled were forced to draw off At the same time Ruy Freyre having heard the noise of the Cannon came up with three Galliots and the Enemy drew off to the Bay of Comoram We had many Men killed and wounded among the latter our Admiral Botello 3. About the middle of February they met again Nunno fearing he should not be able to come to board them sent a Challenge to their Admiral but he not accepting of it the Fight began and was continued with great fury till the Enemy again drew into Comoran having lost many Men and we 2 Captains and 40 Soldiers Botello went to Water at the Island Lareâ—…a opposite to them and hearing a Cannon fired answered with another supposing it had been a Signal of Battel but the Enemy stirred not then though our Vessels were almost unmasted since the last Engagement At last they thinking it time to depart drew out and being pursued there ensued another Fight The Enemy fled having lost in those three Encounters 1000 Men and 3 Ships which were sunk some of them carried 60 Guns 4. Our Admiral gave chase but soon lost sight of them and went to Winter at Mascate whence he set out in September with 7 Sail whereof he lost three in a Storm the Men saved He came to an Anchor with the rest at Soveral where he took a rich Ship of Meca that sailed with a Dutch Pass Understanding by the Prisoners some of the Enemies Ships were at Surat he hasted thither and found they were the same that escaped after the Fights of Ormuz and Comoran It being impossible to come at them he
provoked them by Signs and set up a Challenge on the City Gates but seeing they did not stir sailed away Not far from Damam he discovers three English Ships and coming up with them found they were strong and carried two Tire of Guns They fought three days at last the Enemy made away 5. There were great Tumults at Macao the Inhabitants of that City forcing their Commander D. Francis Mascarennas to shut himself up in the Fort but being defeated were pardoned by him The Chineses growing jealous on account of the Wall built by him it was found absolutely necessary to throw down part of it 6. The Patriarch D. Alfonso Mendez now set out from Diu for Ethiopia with 6 Fathers and other Retinue in 3 Vessels He landed at Bailur a Town subject to a little King and travelled over the Field called of Salt because that is found there which passes in stead of Money being like small Bars Next is the Mountain where is another sort of reddish Salt good against some Diseases Travelling by night by reason of the heat of the day they saw an Exhalation so bright it enlightned all the Country about This was held as a good Omen At Fremona they understood the same Light had been seen there They travelled with greater labour to the Court and were received with great joy by the Emperor who soon after acknowledged the Pope's Supremacy but this Happiness was not lasting as shall appear hereafter 7. About this same time was discovered the famous Kingdom of Tibet extending to the Springs of Ganges The Natives are well inclined and docible zealous of their Salvation and value Things of Devotion given them by their Priests called Lama's who profess Poverty and Chastity and are much given to Prayer They have strange Customs and Ceremonies Churches like the most Curious of ours and some knowledge of the Christian Religion but mixed with many Errors they abhor the Mahometans and Gentiles It plainly appears that in former Ages they had the true Light of the Gospel They are easie to be converted The Country produces some Fruit like that of Europe Rice and Wheat and breeds Cattle but there is much barren It is fit to say somewhat of their Religion and Lama's Their Habit is a Red Cassock without Sleeves for the Arms are naked it is girt with a piece of Cloth of the same colour the ends whereof hang down to the Feet on their Shoulders a striped Cloth which they say is the Habit of the Son of God at their Waste hangs a little Bottle of Water They keep two Fasts in the greatest they eat but once a day and speak not a word necessary Affairs are expressed by Signs In the second it is allowed to eat as often as every one pleases but Flesh only once They call to Prayers with Trumpets some made with dead Men's Bones the Skulls serve to drink out of Of other Bones Beads are made which they say is to put them in mind of Death The Churches are opened only twice a Year those who resort to them walk round three times then enter and do Reverence to the Images Among which are some of Angels called by them Lat. The greatest is he that intercedes before God for the Souls It being painted Armed with the Devil under its Feet make it supposed to be St. Michael It is not unworthy consideration that Lamas the Name of their Priests begins with La which signifies an Angel The young Lama's go about the Towns dancing regular and modestly with Crowns Bells and other noisy Instruments They say it is in imitation of the Angels as they are painted among us singing in Choirs The beginning of every month they make a Procession with black Flags Figures of Devils Drums and Musick and believe this chases the Evil Spirits Holy Water is made with many Prayers and putting into it Gold Coral and Rice and is used against Devils that haunt Houses The Country People bring to the Towns black Horses Cows and Sheep over which the Lama's say many Prayers saying the Devils endeavour to get into black Cattle They cure the Sick by blowing on the Part afflicted Three sorts of Funerals are used according to the Star rules the time of Death One is after our manner and there are Tombs adorned with gilded Pyramids Another is burning the Body and of the Ashes mixed with Clay they make Images by which they swear Another is casting the Bodies to certain white Birds like Cranes and this is reckoned the happiest Burial These three Forms are used with such as are esteemed to have lived well for others being cut in pieces are thrown to Dogs They believe the Good dying go directly to Heaven the Bad to Hell but such as are indifferent between both their Souls instantly return into noble or base Creatures according to their deserts They advise Fathers to give their Children the Names of filthy Beasts that the Devil may be loth to meddle with them They use Divination after a ridiculous manner In fine they acknowledge One God in Trinity that his Son becoming Man died and is in Heaven that he is God as well as his Father and Man at the same time that his Mother was a Woman and gone to Heaven that from the Death of the Son till that time were about 1600 Years They know there is a Hell in the same manner as we do They burn Lamps that God may light them in the way of the other World 8. F. Anthony de Andrade and Andrew Marquez both Jesuits set out for this Kingdom from Delhi in the Mogol's Country with a Caravan that conducted Pilgrims to a famous Pagod They passed the Kingdom of Laor and came to the vast Mountains whence the Ganges falls into the deep Valleys On the way they saw many stately Temples full of Idols The great Fatigue lessened the pleasure of seeing the variety of beautiful Trees and smelling those odoriferous Flowers on the scent whereof the Ancients said those People lived At the Kingdom of Siranagar they saw the Ganges running over Snow the whiteness whereof almost blinds such as travel that way 9. At the end of 50 Days they came to the Pagod on the Borders of the Kingdom of Siranagar whither Multitudes resort to wash in a Spring so hot it is scarce tolerable which they imagine cleanses them from Sin There Food here is raw Flesh and are very healthy eating much Snow The Women there do what is the Work of Men among us and the contrary the Women Plow and the Men Spin. Hence the Fathers came to the Town of Mana and having rested continued their Journey almost blind with the continual travelling among Snow till they saw the Springs of Ganges which runs out of a great Lake Soon after they entred the Kingdom of Tibet and were honourably received by Officers sent to that purpose from the King's Court at Chaparague The King and Queen heard them with much Satisfaction and admitted their Doctrine without any
dispute 10. The time being come they must return to Siranagar the King would not permit them to depart till they swore they would return and then he promised they should have liberty to Preach and he would build them a Church being much pleased with a Picture they left him of our Lady with our Saviour sleeping in her Arms. The Fathers returned acccording to promise and the King in pursuance of his built the Church with great joy and was afterwards Baptized with the Queen notwithstanding the Lama's for their private Ends did all they could to oppose it The Fathers understood by Merchants who came from China that it was 60 Days Journey distant from that Court travelling through the Kingdom of Usanguâ—… 40 Days Journey from the same Court and thence 20 to China That there were two great Kingdoms where the Cross was much used That Cathay is not a Kingdom but a great City and Metropolis of a Province subject to the Grand Sopo very near China Hence perhaps some gave China the name of Cathay Perhaps this Empire of Tibet is that of Prester Iohn so much spoken of and not Ethiopia as was believed But let us return to India 11. In April 4. Malabar Parao's took a Portugues Ship carrying the Men into slavery under Arcolo a King of the Country opposite to the Place where the famous Fort of Cunnale once stood Among the Prisoners were two Franciscans one whereof proved so acceptable to the King that he was the cause of settling a firm Peace between him and the Viceroy 12. Two Ships arrived from Lisbon which returning home the next Year were lost with the whole Portugues Fleet upon the Coast of France in a terrible Storm and was the greatest Loss Portugal sustained since the time of King Sebastian 13. There being nothing remarkable this Year in India let us see what the Carmelites did in Persia where they got footing in the Year 1604. They soon erected several Convents and confirmed the Armenians who were in danger of falling from the Faith terrified with the Persecution raised by the King of Persia. F. Basil of St. Francis was very successful among those called of Saint Iohn about Bassora In the short space of six Months he Preached in the difficult Persian Arabian and Turkish Languages as if he had part of the gift of Languages peculiar to the Apostles and gained such Reputation that many neighbouring Princes permitted him to Preach and build Churches in their Dominions 14. F. Iohn Thadeus and F. Peter of Saint Thomas went to the City Xiras being sent for by the Sultan thereof where they converted some Mahometans others gave them their Doubts in Writing to be sent to Rome assuring if they were satisfied in those Points there would be no need of Preaching to convert them Veâ—…taviet Moses an Armenian Bishop acknowledged his Error in denying the Supremacy of the Church of Rome and promised to perswade all her Diocess to acknowledge it In fine these Fathers have laboured with great Profit and Success 15. Three Ships sailed this Year from Lisbon to India one of them at his return on this side the Cape Good Hope fought twice with three Dutch Ships and came off with Honour 16. Nunno Alvarez Botello sailing with his Galleons for Mascate there arose such a terrible Storm that it parted all his Company from him and he had much difficulty to perswade his Men in despair to work The Tempest ceasing their Provisions fell snort there was but one Pipe of Water for 500 Men and no Land near where they might be supplied Some died with Thirst others running mad leaped over-board After a Fortnight spent in this miserable Condition they discovered the Land of Rozalgatâ—… always fatal to the Portugueses The Men cried to go ashore but Nunno with fair words and kindness disswaded them and coming to Teve they were relieved without danger 17. Off Surat Nunno discovered six Dutch Ships he gave them câ—…ace but lost them He sailed to Bombaim to refit a Galleon and thence to the Bar of Diu. An English and Dutch Squadron both consisting of 17 Sail sailed to Bombaim thinking to find him there They battered the Fort and mâ—…ting no Opposition burnt the poor Towns along the Coast. A Dutch Captain entring the Church of Our Lady of Hope with his Sword cut to pieces a great Crucifix and burnt part of it He had soon after the Reward of this Barbarity his Ship being burnt by Ruy Freyre and he with all the Men slain Nunno hearing of this Action begged the Crucifix of the Rector vowing to carry it always with him till he had revenged the Wrong or died in the Execution of it So it fell out as will be seen hereafter 18. The King of Achem fitted out a Fleet of 35 Galleys against Malaca D. Francis Coutinno with 16. Sail burnt 34 of them killing or taking 3000 Men and bringing off 800 pieces of Cannon 19. On the 17th of Iune 4 Dutch Ships came before the Port of Macao designing to fall upon the Fleet was ready to sail for Iapan The King's Revenue being low our Commander could act nothing against them some rich Men undertook it in Merchant Ships They fitted out five and boarding the Enemy's Admiral burnt her killing 37 Men taking 50 24 pieces of Cannon a quantity of Ball some Money and much Provisions The other 3 fled 20. Ferdinand de Sousa commanded at Angola and after defending it against two Dutch Squadrons fortified the Coast the space of half a League raising 4 Works planted with Cannon and cast up a Trench at the Bar of Corimba which secured it against any attempt Zinga Queen of Angola went with a great Power to Besiege the Garrison of Ambaça but Iohn Carreyro sending a Company of Portugueses to assist that Lord who was our Friend the Queen was defeated A Body of Men marching to her aid was met by nine Portugueses with a number of Blacks who fled at first sight the nine Portugueses fought till their Pouder was spent and two being killed the other seven were taken which was no small Satisfaction to the Queen and many of the Blacks who before were our Friends hereupon became Neuters 21. Soon after the Queen was defeated and deposed and her Brother Airiquibange Crowned King being become a Christian as did many Persons of Note by his means At Congo the City Salvador was taken by the Prince of Sunne who killing the King placed in his stead D. Ambrose of the same Blood Royal. He proved a wise and religious Prince 22. The beginning of this Year went from Portugal for India but one Ship and a Pink. The latter as it return'd was burnt by the Dutch and the Men made Prisoners But in November 3 Ships more set sail The Viceroy returned to Portugal in the first Ship having resigned the Government to D. F. Luis de Brito Bishop of Cochim by reason D. Francis Mascarennas appointed to succeed him was gone to Spain The Count this second
made a Sermon so efficacious against the Tyranny of Princes and Oppression of that Kingdom that he was taken out of the Pulpit and proclaimed King Whereupon he slew 5000 Brama's in the Palace seizing all the Treasure and in a few Days all the strong Holds in the Kingdom submitted to him 5. The Armies of the two Kings met within two Leagues of the City Pegu that of Brama consisted of 350000 Men Xeminboos of 600000 of the latter about 300000 were slain and 60000 of the former The victorious King entred Pegu and contrary to agreement slew many and seized great Treasures 6. Mean while the City Martavam declares for Xemindoo killing 2000 Bramaes Xemim of Zatam did the same in the City of that name The King marched towards him but he contrived to have him murdered by the way This was the end of that Tyrant 7. Xemim was proclaimed King by his Party and in nine Days gathered above 30000 Men. Chaumigrem Brother to the dead King plundered the City and Palace and fled to Tangu where he was born Xemim de Zatan became so odious by his ill Government that in four Months many of his Subjects fled and some joined with Xemindâ—…o who made an Army of 60000 Men. Let us leave him a while to relate the end of Iames Suarez de Melo after the wonderful Rise already mentioned 8. Iames Suarez passing by a rich Merchant's House on the Day of his Daughter's Wedding and seeing the great Beauty of the Bride attempted to carry her away by force killing the Bridegroom and others who came to her rescue Mean while the Bride strangled her self 9. The Father expecting no Justice whilst that King Reigned shut himself up and never stirred abroad till Xemim de Zatan coming to the Crown he so lamented his Wrong about the Town that above 50000 of the People gathered about him crying out for Justice The new King searing some worse consequence caused Suarez to be apprehended and delivered up to that Rabble 10. This was accordingly performed and and the multitude stoning him he was in a minute buried under a heap of Rubbish No sooner was that done but they took the Body from under that Pile and tearing it in pieces delivered it to the Boys to drag about the Streets they giving them Alms for so doing His House was plundered and the Treasure found being much less than what was expected it was believed he had buried the rest 11. The new King Xemim de Zatan soon followed Iames Suarez for his Subjects no longer able to bear his Cruelty and Avarice fled in great numbers to Xemimdoo who was now Master of some considerable Towns He marched to the City Pegu with 200000 Men and 5000 Elephants Zatan met him with 800000 and the Fight was long doubtful till Gonçalo Neto who with 80 Portugueses followed Xemimdoo killed Zatam with a Musket Shot which opened the way for Zemimdoo into the City where he was Crowned on the 3d of February 1550. Gonzalo Neto had 10000 Crowns for that fortunate Shot and his Companions 5000. 12. Chaumigrem who the Year before retired to Pegu hearing afterwards that Xemindoo was unprovided marched against him and obtaining the Victory brought that Crown again under the subjection of the Bramaes Xemindoo taken some time after was publickly beheaded 13. The War began again between Chaumigrem King of Pegu and him of Siam The Army of Pegu consisted of 1700000 Men among which were many Portugueses and 17000 Elephants All this Army came to Ruin and the Kingdom of Pegu was made subject to that of Arracam as was related in the 3d Chapter of the 2d Part of this Tome The Kingdom of Siam though much harassed with these Invasions held out and in the Year 1627 whereof we now treat was possessed by the Black King so called because he really was so whereas all that People is white and fair 14. This King in the Year 1621 sent an Embassy to Goa desiring some Franciscans would come to Preach in his Kingdom F. Andrew of the Holy Ghost went and was much honoured by him at his Court of Odiaa He not only gave him leave to erect a Church but was himself aâ—… the whole â—…xpence and offered the Father great Riches which he constantly refused to the great admiration of that King 15. This Prince was of Stature small of an ill Presence and of Temper in part most wicked and in part generous Tho' cruel Men be generally Cowards he was most cruel and valiant and whereas Tyrants for the most part are covetous he was most liberal As much barbarity as he practised in some things he shewed as much goodness in others 16. He was not content to put Thieves and Robbers to common Deaths but caused them to be torn to pieces in his Presence and for his Pastime by Tigers and Crocodiles Understanding that a King his Vassal was about to Rebel he shut him up in a Cage and fed him with morsels of his own Flesh torn from his Body and then had him fryed in a Pan. With his own hand he cut 7 Court-Ladies off at the Waste only because he said they walked too fast He cut off the Legs of 3 others because they staid long being sent for Money he was to give to certain Portugueses The first suffered for going too fast these for being too slow 17. This severity extended to brute Beasts He cut off the Paw of a Monkey he much valued because the silly Beast put it into a Box wherein were some Curiosities A Horse no less esteemed had his Head cut off in the Stable before the rest because he stopt not when he checked him Some Crows making a noise over the Palace he caused 500 of them to be catched some were kill'd others shut up and others turned loose with Yokes about their Necks A Tiger that did not immediately seize a Criminal cast to him was by his Command beheaded as a Coward 18. Thus much of the wicked part of this Prince now to speak of his Vertues He kept his word inviolably was rigorous in the Execution of Justice liberal above measure and very merciful to those that committed pardonable Faults He sent a Portugues with much Money to Malaca to buy several Goods he after buying them lost all at Play and yet had the boldness to return to the King's Presence who received him kindly saying He valued the Consifidence reposed in his Generosity more than all the Goods he could have brought He shewed great respect to our religious Men and encouraged the planting of Christianity in his Dominions His Valour was unspeakable 19. Let us conclude this Chapter with a short Description of this Kingdom It s proper Name is Sornau The extent along the Coast is about 700 Leagues and the breadth up the Inland 260. Most of the Country consists of fruitful Plains being watered by many Rivers It is plentiful of all sorts of Provisions The Hills are covered with variety of Trees particularly abundance of
whatever she has belonging to the Crown for ever the Revenues of Military Orders she is possessed of for four Lives after her with 1500 Ducats Pension from others and 1000 more during her Life And if the Kingdom were in a better condition I would bestow a great Estate on her Nunno Alvarez was the 49th Governour and D. Laurence de Cunna may be reckoned the 50th CHAP. VIII The Government of the Viceroy D. Michael de Noronna Count De Linnares from the Year 1629 till 1635. 1. THis Year sailed from Lisbon D. Michael de Noronna Count de Linnares Viceroy of India with three Ships and six Galleons One of them was cast away near the Cape of Good Hope and not a Man of 400 that were aboard saved 2. When the Count arrived at Goa Nunno Alvarez Botello was gone for Malaca and all Men promised themselves good success when about the beginning of the Year came the News of the Victory by him obtained The Viceroy returned Thanks to the King of Pam for the Succours he carried to Malaca and sent him Presents In the same manner he endeavoured to oblige the Neighbouring Kings and honoured the Admiral Antony Pinto de Fonseca for his good Service 3. Constantine de Sa who Commanded in Ceylon puffed up with the Honour of having destroyed the City Candea and relying too much upon the Fidelity of the Christian Chingala's who underhand held Correspondence with that King for our Destruction gave too much Credit to Theodosius their Captain by whom his Head was promised to the King at the same time he promised D. Constantin to deliver the King into his hands D. Constantin had more faith in that Traytor than in the Franciscan who being among the Enemy sent him intelligence or in his own Officers who foresaw his Ruin which soon followed 4. He marched from Columbo leaving that Fort with almost no Garison entred the Kingdom of Uva with 400 Portugueses and destroyed the Capital City As he returned after this Victory the King of Candea who had left that Town as a Bait to draw him on meets him with a great Power D. Theodosius and his Chingala's no sooner discovered the King's Forces but they went over to him and faced the Portugueses whom they served the moment before 5. The 400 Portugueses and 200 Natives that remained with them fought three days with incredible bravery The General D. Constantin having done more than Man was slain and then his Men being broke many were put to the Sword and many made Prisoners The King of Candea understanding how weak the Garison of Columbo was sate down before it with 50000 Men and a number of Elephants believing the Natives had as was agreed murdered those few Portugueses left there But they seeing farther than their General had destroyed those were to kill them and so the King was disappointed The Death of D. Constantin being known Lancelot de Seixas succeeded him in the Command and being in that Distress did more than could have been expected from so small a Force 6. He distributed 400 Men which was his whole Strength including the Religious among the most important Posts who behaved themselves so well the King found he had a harder Task in hand than at first he had imagined But Hunger was a more dangerous Enemy within the Walls than the other without This was much increased by the useless multitude of Women and Children notwithstanding D. Philip Mascarennas Commander of Cochin sent a Ship loaden with Provision and Ammunition to their Relief D. Blas de Castro five from St. Thomas and the Viceroy one Yet all their Hope was in Nunno Alvarez Botello not knowing as yet of his unfortunate End 7. The Inhabitants of Cambolim à Peninsula 40 leagues from Goa and in sight of Cananor offered the Viceroy leave to build a Fort there upon certain Conditions Iames de Fonseca Commander of Zofala was sent to carry on that Work Being begun it was interrupted by Virabadar Hayque the Usurper of the Kingdom of Canara After much opposition finding it could not be obstructed he made a Virtue of Necessity and seemed to be well satisfied it should go on The principal Article of the Cambolims was That no Religious but those of St. Francis should be sent thither At this time arrived at Goa two Ships from Portugal one of them returning was lost upon the Bar of Lisbon 8. It is doubtless those who are destined to perish unfortunately meet their Fate even where they thought to find their safety this will appear by the loss of the Ship St. Gonzalo some of the Men whereof being taken up by that mentioned in the last Paragraph were cast away in her I will therefore give some account of the loss of the said Ship St. Gonzalo in relation to the other This Vessel having set out from Goa with two others finding after being parted from her Company that she could not be kept above Water they made the shore and came to an Anchor in the Bay called Formosa for its largeness being 3 leagues over exposed to no Winds but the East North-East and South-East and lies near the Cape of Good Hope 9. Being come to anchor they ought whilst the Weather favoured to have landed the Men and Goods that were not before cast overboard but in stead of that at the persuasion of some Officers they attempted to suck the Ship dry in order to sail again Three Men were let down one after another to clear the Pump and returned not then a fourth being put down with a Rope about him and brought up almost dead it appeared the Steam of the Pepper which had taken wet killed them 10. In order to refit the Ship 100 Men landed and 130 remained aboard who after 50 days perished together with the Ship by a sudden Storm being beaten to pieces upon the Coast. The 100 Men left ashore built Huts because it would be long before they could find the means of going to Sea which were only by building two small Vessels out of the Wreck and the Trees on the Mountain The Captain being old and sick gave the Men leave to choose another and they pitched upon Rocque Borges who behaved himself well but one Simon de Figueyredo in that misery ambitious of Command endeavouring to kill him missed his Design yet grievously wounded him but Borges recovering stabbed him and all was quiet again 11. They sowed some Seeds and reaped the Fruit mean while they lived upon Rice that had been saved some Fish taken and Cows and Sheep they bought of the Natives for Iron The Language of these Natives could not be understood therefore they had recourse to Signs They are not quite black go naked cover their Privy Parts with a Skin in Winter wear Cloaks of the same about their Necks hang Bulls Pizles their Bodies anointed with the Dung of those Beasts they make sudden stops in their Speech carry Fox tails in their Hands to make Signs with have
no Towns but wander with their Cattle like the Hords of Arabs some carry Stakes and Mats to make a sort of Tents they use no Tillage and offered our Men a Cake that seemed to be made of Meal of Roots mixed with Cow-Dung they eat Flesh but almost raw just shewed to the Fire which is made by rubbing Sticks together their choicest Food is the Guts and Tripes the Filth only squeezed out their Weapons are Darts and Bows no sign of Religion was discovered among them But it was observed that on Midsummer or St. Iohn Baptist's Day they appeared crowned with Garlands of sweet Herbs and Flowers 12. The Soil is fruitful free from Stones produces all sorts of Herbs Plants sweet Flowers and variety of Trees It is watered by great Rivers and many Springs The Spring begins in November Summer and Winter in these Parts as also in India are not caused by the Sun coming near or going from the Zenith as in Europe but by the Winds It is Winter when it rains and then the Sun is in his greatest Altitude when in his greatest Declination it rains not and then it is Summer Winter begins about the end of May when the West Wind reigns which brings great Rain and lasts till September during which time all Navigation ceases From September till May the North East Winds blow which keep a serene Sky and this is the Summer when all put to Sea Let us return to the description of that Country and our Men there 13. There is an infinite number of wild Beasts and those very large as Deer Wolves Sea-Horses Bufaloes wild Boars Monkeys Tigers and Elephants and some Rabbets not unlike our Ferrets They have abundance of wild Turkeys Geese Pigeons Turtles and Partridges which last build their Nests hanging on Branches of Trees Thus much of the People and Country about the Cape of Good Hope There lived our Shipwreck'd Portugueses and had erected a sort of Church where Mass was said and there were frequent Sermons five Priests being in that Company 14. The Ships being built in stead of Tar they made use of Benjamin and Frankincense and wanting Oyl to dissolve them supplied it with that of Sea-Wolves Before their departure they erected a Cross on the top of a Mountain with an Inscription signifying their Misfortune The Vessels were launched the Men and Goods shipped one Party designing for Portugal the other for India The former after some days fruitless labour were almost in the same place they set out from and in that condition were taken up by Antony de Sousa Carvallo in that Ship which as was before said afterwards perished 15. D. Nunno Alvarez Pereyra was Commander of Moçambique and died this Year D. Philipa Christian was Emperor of Monomotapa with whom we were in league A Cafre called Capranzirle rebelled against him who falling upon a Body of our Men as they marched to Tete slew 300 Portugueses the chief cause whereof was a Dispute between our Captains about Superiority All had been lost but for Christopher de Brito Vasconelos who put a stop to the Current of the Victorious Enemy Iames de Sousa Meneses commanded Moçambique at that time in the Place of Pereyra Soon after it was known the Cafre died of a Musket Shot he had received and a Brother of the Emperor but 13 Years of Age and a Christian baptized by the Dominicans by the Name of Dominick was proclaimed King 16. About the end of this Year a great Danish Ship entred the Port of Coulam Emanuel de Camara Noronna Admiral of the Canara Coast went to meet her with a Galley and eight other Vessels she fled he gave her chace and coming up after a sharp Dispute fired and then took her what remained of her was carried to Coulam 17. In April 1631 D. Blas de Castro who commanded 12 Sail at Negapatam took a Dutch Ship and soon after in a Storm lost half his Ships and about 100 Portugueses who got ashore were left in slavery The excessive Covetousness of the Portugueses keeping the Prices of Spice so high moved our European Enemies to seek it at a cheaper Rate in India and their Insolencies inclined the Indians to receive those Holland Rebels into their Ports Covetousness couched under the Pretence of Religion carried the Portugueses to conquer those remote Countries and the insatiable Avarice of some expels and makes them esteemed less than Rebels and Pyrats 18. Two Ships that sailed from Lisbon for India after five Months Voyage were put back into the same River having lost many Men by sickness In November sailed two Pinks The Viceroy desiring to recover Ormuz sent Dominick de Toral and Valdez a a Spaniard to view the Place and confer with Ruy Freyre then at Mascate about it but it came to nothing However a Fort was built at Iulfar a Fishery of Pearl 50 Leagues distant from Mascate 19. This Year our European Enemies ranging the Seas without any opposition took many of our Ships and ruined our Trade Besides they incensed the Indian Princes against us we having no body at those Courts to disappoint their Designs The Ruine of our Affairs proceeds from the little regard the great ones have for the lesser sort and the covetousness of the small ones which made them forget their Country and their Honour 20. The Portugueses dispersed in Ceylon since the defeat of D. Constantine gathering again considerably annoyed the Enemy Hence it appears our own Disorders are our Ruine The Portugueses can recover what is lost but know not how to preserve what they gain which is the most glorious part it being the Work of Fortune to gain and that of Prudence to preserve CHAP. IX Of the Affairs of Ethiopia during the Government of the Viceroy D. Michael de Noronna Count de Linnares 1. THis being the last time we shall treat of Ethiopia it will not be amiss to relate some farther Particulars of the Reception of the Patriarch D. Alfonso Mendez though somewhat has been already said concerning it He sailed from Goa on the 17th of November 1624 and at Chaul received a Letter from the Emperor Congratulating his arrival in India 2. All the way he travelled in Ethiopia he was entertained by the Governors and principal Men was met by the Sons of those Portugueses who went thither with D. Christopher de Gama to the assistance of the Emperor then Reigning and came to Fremona the chief Residence of Catholicks on the 21th of Iune 1625. The Emperor much rejoyced at the News of his arrival and sent two Men of great Quality to Conduct him but could not then see him being in the Field with his Army against certain Rebels On the 6th of February 1626 he was sent for by the Emperor to the Army The Prince accompanied by the Viceroys and Nobility went out to meet and conduct him through a Lane of 18000 Men to a Tent provided for his reception There he put on his Pontifical Robes and
attend adorning and beautifying the City He built a Church dedicated to St. Laurence near the Bar and gave it to the Franciscans Then he founded and endowed an Hospital for the Poor in the Field of St. Lazarus which made four Hospitals at Goa He rebuilt the Council-house of the Inquisition and Palace of the Viceroys which were going to ruin 7. For Military Works at Panelim he finished that called the Powder-house where are daily made 14 Quintals of Powder Repaired the Fortifications of Mascate and others These Works seem sufficient to have made him beloved but either some Humours made him odious or else it was impossible to please the Portugueses Some discontented Persons when the Viceroy was about to depart set up several scandalous Libels against him in publick Places and hanged his Effigies on the publick Gibbet Yet after all it was voted that an honourable Statue should be erected to him in the same place where the other had been hang'd but it succeeded not for when the Pedestal was set up there arrived a new Viceroy and the arrival of such always reverses whatsoever was done before 8. Now died the famous Commander Ruy Freyre de Andrade full of Merit unrewarded we have already spoke of his Actions his Qualities were a mixture of good and bad more Politick than Conscientious He was Prudent and Generous Gave all his Orders in doubtful terms to reserve a Meaning to justifie himself by in case of ill success Was familiar with no body choosing rather to be feared than beloved He heard all Soldiers standing or made them sit Any breach of Orders he never pardoned but beheaded a Captain for saving a beautiful young Woman being commanded to put all to the Sword It is needless to repeat more Extravagancies of this kind 9. Two Ships sailed from Lisbon carrying a new Viceroy to India The Count De Linarez returned with them one whereof was cast away near Lisbon the other in which he was went to Malaga where many of the Men died much of the Loading was wasted and the Ship was broke up 10. The Count went to Court and was the first that presented his Prince with part of what he had gained To the King he gave a Hatband to the Queen a pair of Pendants both valued by some 100000 by others 80000 Crowns He was at first received with Hononr and after Imprisoned The Count was of a beautiful Presence and comely Aspect discreet and well inclined of Viceroys the 27th of Governours the 51st and 6th of the Sirname 11. This Year was remarkable in Cochinchina for a Dearth which caused such a Famine as had not been known in the memory of Man and for repeated Treasons About the beginning of the Year a Bastard Son of the King but Adopted by the Queen went to govern the Provinces between Cacham and Chapa he had before his departure conspired with eight principal Men to bring the Government of the Kingdom into his and his Brothers hands which then was managed by the Sons of another Woman As soon as he came to his Government he began to make Warlike Preparations the King understanding it sent for him and he kept off till the Kind died and the Princes possessed themselves of the Palace The Conspirators came to celebrate the Funeral Rites An Uncle of those young Princes was present who understanding those Traitors design to murder his Nephews called up the Guards that were ready to execute his Orders but he thought it enough to terrifie those Conspirators The Funeral ended the Prince having with difficulty got the Royal Seal from the Queen tendred it to his Uncle offering to acknowledge him as King but the old Man unwilling to be out-done by the Youth refused the Offer only desiring him to remember his Children 12. The News of the King's Death being brought to the Bastard at the City Cacham he ordered the deepest Mourning according to the custom of that Country which was to cut their Hair short This to them is a great Affliction for they wear their Hair at length like Women and think it makes them beautiful whereas they are very ugly This done he raised Men and fortified himself at Turam The young King's two Brothers soon came upon him and were Masters of all He fled and being taken attempted to kill himself with a Knife but failing was committed to Prison where he poisoned himself After his Death many Persons of great Note being Accomplices in the Treason were put to Death CHAP. XIII The Government of the Viceroy Peter de Silva from the Year 1635 till 1638. 1. ABout the end of this Year 1635 the Count de Linarez resigned the Government of India to Peter de Silva The same People that accused the Count for being so rigid accused Silva of being too easie Perhaps they blamed the Extreams but what Man can overcome his Inclinations Every Man's Qualifications ought to be looked into before an Employment is given him I know not whether Sylva were naturally easie but he had gained the Nickname of Mole which in Portugues signifies Soft Neither did he like the Government being often heard to say God forgive them that named me for this Imploy for I am not fit for it 2. In March Antony Tellez set out again with his 6 Galleons after 13 Sail of Dutch he expected to meet at Surat A Storm forced him to Bombaim and the Enemy to shun him put into Dabul Tellez returned to Goa and being there at Anchor four great Holland Ships appeared before the Port he went out and having fought two days forced them to lighten their Loading the better to escape This done he enters the Port again and a Squadron of 10 Sail of the Enemy was seen at his Heels the Disadvantage being too great it was not thought expedient to fight them 3. This Year was signalized with a Miracle that happen'd with a Crucifix There is a Monastery of Nuns at Goa in the Arch of their Choir facing the Nuns was placed a Crucifix the Workmanship whereof was not liked because the Eyes were quite shut and the Knees too high On the first Friday of Lent after the usual Procession some Nuns being at Prayers in the Choir distinctly saw the Image open its Eyes the Women frighted cried out and all the other Religious with the Father Confessor resorted thither and before Midnight all of them saw the Eyes open 26 times and sometimes the Body and Cross seemed to move the Mouth opened as if it spoke and Blood ran from the Temples and Wounds Some part of these Wonders were seen several days till on a Tuesday the Church being full of People they all saw what the Nuns had seen for the Body of the Image turned to one side The Bishop and Inquisitors were Witnesses of much of this Motion and the whole was confirmed by the Asseveration of all the Citizens The Eyes remained half open the Knees stretched lower the Feet falling and dragging the Nail after them and the whole