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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	great_a	island_n	league_n	1,225	5	9.1174	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12824	Pacata Hibernia Ireland appeased and reduced· Or, an historie of the late vvarres of Ireland, especially within the province of Mounster, vnder the government of Sir George Carew, Knight, then Lord President of that province, and afterwards Lord Carevv of Clopton, and Earle of Totnes, &c. VVherein the siedge of Kinsale, the defeat of the Earle of Tyrone, and his armie; the expulsion and sending home of Don Iuan de Aguila, the Spanish generall, with his forces; and many other remarkeable passages of that time are related. Illustrated with seventeene severall mappes, for the better understanding of the storie.	Stafford, Thomas, Sir, fl. 1633.; Totnes, George Carew, Earl of, 1555-1629, attributed name.	1633 (1633)	STC 23132; ESTC S117453	356,720	417

entreth betweene the great Iland before mentioned and the Maine or Countrey called Beere or Osullevans Countrey At the entrance of the Harbour it is not above a Musket shot over I meane from the Castle of Dunboy to the great Iland being entred the Tydes are slack good Anchorage and convenient places to bring ships on ground smooth water five fadomes deepe at low water marke towards the North ende it groweth much larger at the least a league over and of capacitie sufficient to containe all the Ships of Europe The great Iland and the Maine as aforesaid makes the Haven which Iland is seven miles in length at the South end whereof it joy●eth with the Bay of Bantry When Donboy was unruined it commaunded this spacious and goodly Haven which affords no small profit to Osulevan ●eare whilest his Castle was standing for the coast yeelds such abundance of Sea fish as few places in Christendome doe the like and many Ships whereunto at the season of the yeare I meane at the fishing time there was such a resort of Fishermen of all Nations as Communibu● A●nis although the duties which they payed unto osulevan was very little yet at the least it was worth unto him fiue hundred pounds yearely The second of these Harbours nominated is Baltimore called by the Spaniards Valentimore which is likewise caused by an Iland called Innisherkan two leagues to the Eastward of Cape-cleere the Havens mouth at the South end of the Iland aforesaid ten fathome at low water but exceeding narrow by reason of a great Rock that lyeth in the same alwayes aboue water which being within halfe Calliver shot of the better shoare giv●●h good opportunity to secure the port after you are entered there is a poole about halfe a league over where infinit numbers of ships may ride having small tides deepe water and a good place to Carene ships at the other end of this Iland with good pilotage a ship of two hundred Tunne by day may safely come in but by reason of many ●uncke Rocks that lye in this enterance it is not possible for the best Pilot in the world by night to assure his entrance The President for the safetie thereof thought it meere to erect Blockhouse● there which undoubtedly hee would haue done if he had continued any longtime in Mounster being so exceeding dangero●s to fall into the hands of a powerfull Enemy as it would bee a worke of much difficulty after it were once fortified to displant him besides an Enemy there seated would command the best part of Carbery the soile whereof is good whereby hee might furnish himselfe with victuals at easie rates The last and indeed the least of these three Havens is Castlehaven by the Irish called Glanbaraghan renowned for that memorable Sea fight lately acted there by Sir Richard Lewson against Pedro de Zubiaur commonly called Suryag● the Spanish Admirall the passage into the Harbour is so narrow that a ship of great burden especially in a storme cannot safely enter and being entered there is no great space for any number of ships to ride in but for all other commodities like to the Havens before mentioned for there is eight faddomes at low water marke the Castle aptly commands every part of the Harbour but the grounds round about it so commands the Castle as it can by no reasonable charge bee made teneable against the Cannon but to proceed When the composition was made with Don Iohn de Aguila for the rendring of Kinsale among other Articles it was agreed that the Spanyards should be shipped away in English or Irish Bottomes and for the safe returne of the Ships into Ireland there was three Spanish Captaines as is formerly declared left in Corke as Hostages The Spanyards being all safely arrived at the Groyne and the Shippes returned the Lord President according to the Composition set the Pledges at libertie and having provided a Barque for their transportation he wrote unto Don Iohn de Aguila which letter Englished was as followeth A Letter from the Lord President to Don Iuan de Aguila ACcording to the agreements made at Kinsale betweene the Lord Deputie and your Lordship these two Captaines Pedro Suaço and Diego Gonzales Sigler which remained in Corke Pledges for the securitie of the Ships and the Subjects of the Queene my Mistresse which transported the Spanyards to the Groyne are now in this passage in a Ship called the Marie of Corke returned into Spaine The third Pledge Don Pedro Morijon went with the Lord Deputie to the Citie of Dublin from whence as I understand hee is departed into his owne Countrey Now the agreements which were made betweene the Lord Deputie and your Lordship is on either part fully accomplished your Lordships Letter of the second of Aprill I haue received but the Wine and Fruits came not to my hands Neverthelesse I acknowledge my selfe much obliged and render your Lordship humble thankes for your favours and especially in that I am retained in your memorie the occasion I did not receiue them was my being at that time at the siege of the Castle of Beerehaven which I thanke God is taken as also many others possest and held by the Rebels and the Defendants of them chastised as appertaineth to Traitors Your Lordships Present unto mee was delivered by the Messenger to the Lord Deputie hee conceiving that it had beene directed to his Lordship whereof I am extreame glad and am as well satisfied with it as if it had come to my owne hands for the loue I beare unto his Lordship is no lesse then unto my selfe I am much grieved and at nothing more then to see that this Countrey produces not any thing worthy to bee presented to your Lordship that I might in some proportion manifest in what esteeme I holde the favour of a man of your qualitie Honour and Merit If Ireland may yeeld any thing which may bee to your Lordships liking you may bee assured that your Lordship hath power at your pleasure to commaund both it and mee So being ready to doe your Lordship all the possible service I may the differences betweene our Soveraignes reserved in the which both your Lordship and all the world shall evermore finde mee to bee a true Englishman and a faithfull servant to my Queene and Mistresse I recommend your Lordship to God b●seeching him to preserue you Corke the thirteenth of Iuly 1602. Muy Illustre Sennior Beso las Manos de V. S. Su Servidor GEORGE CAREVV CHAP. XI The taking of the Castle of Dunboy was the cause that the Army prepared in Spaine for Ireland was stayed Two thousand supplyes of foote were sent out of England for Mo●●ster Iohn fits Thomas his practise to deceiue the Lord President but failed A false rumour of a Spanish fleete on the Coast of Mounster Sir Samuell Bagnall with his Regiment commanded to stay in Mounster THE President daily received advertisement aswell by some of the Countrey that had

the Ward perceiving made humble suit to bee permitted to depart with their liues which Sir Charles absolutely refused but if they would simply render themselues the Castle and all things in it to his discretion hee would then stay further proceeding in his worke otherwise they might looke within very few howers to bee blowen up The Ward vvhich were eighteene in number came forth and upon their knees submitted themselues unto him whom hee caused to bee apprehended the women and small children hee suffered to depart of the weaponed men he hanged nine so many of ours being lost at the Siege which continued more then three weekes the residue hee detained untill he had acquainted the President with all these accidents who gaue present order for the execution of the rest for they had beene all of them formerly protected except one Sir Dermond Mac Brodie a Priest whose life was saved upon this occasion It fortuned that within this Castle at the rendring thereof there was unknowen to Sir Charles the Lord of Lixnawes eldest sonne being a child of fiue yeares of age the Warders upon their comming footh disarrayed this child of all his cloathes and having besmeared his face with dust and durt committed him to an old woman who bringing the Infant naked and disfigured at her backe conveyed him away without suspition Sir Charles receiving advertisement of this escape sent out some Souldiers and some Provincialls vvhom he most trusted for the recoverie of him but in vaine they all returned vvith lost labour at last hee bethought himselfe that peradventure some of the prisoners could direct him in the pursuit and questioning the Priest concerning the Child Hee answered that he could best resolue him for that himselfe had given direction to the vvoman where shee should bestow the child till shee might deliver him to his Father Why then saith Sir Charles will you not conduct mee to him Know you not that it is in my power to hang you or to saue you Yes and I assure you if you will not guide mee to the place where hee lieth hidden I vvill cause you to bee instantly hanged The Priest answered That it was all one to him whether hee dyed this day or to morrow but yet if hee might haue his Word for the sparing of his owne life and the childes hee would reveale his knowledge otherwayes the Governour might doe his pleasure Sir Charles though very unwilling to graunt the Priest his life yet the earnest desire hee had to gett the child into his hands caused him to agree thereto The Priest being put into a Hand-locke is sent with a Captaine and a good Guard of Souldiers about this businesse who guided them to a Wood sixe miles from the Castle by reason of thicke bryers and thornes almost unpassible in the middest whereof there is a hollow Cave within the ground not much unlike by description to Cacus his denne or the mouth of Avernus in vvhich desolate place they found that old vvoman and this young childe whom they brougt to the Governour and the Priest and childe w●re shortly after sent to the President In this Castle were gotten all the Lord of Lixnaw his goods besides store of provision for the Warre vvho were plentifully provided for sixe moneths with such kind of victuall as the Countrey yeeldeth and it was said that the Baron himselfe would haue set up his rest in this Castle which he held impregnable against any force the Cannon excepted but it should seeme his heart failed him no lesse then his expectation While these things were in doing Sir Richard Percy drew his Company forth of Kinsale into Kinalmekagh and there tooke a prey of two hundred Cowes and got the killing of some Rebels In the beginning of this Moneth William fits Gerald the Knight of Kerry came to the President with a Letter in his favour from Sir Charles Wilmot dated the thirtieth of October wherein he witnessed for him that ever since he was received under protection hee had demeanded himselfe not onely like a good Subject in doing no harme but that he had endeavoured to his uttermost to annoy the Enemy and had lately in token of his obedience delivered unto Sir Charles his Castle at the Dingle This testimony wrought so much with the President as hee vsed him very kindly and returned him home with great contentment Not long after the landing of the young Earle of Desmond in Ireland the minds of the Provincials were much distracted every one fearing what might be the successe thereof But after a little while it appeared that he was able to doe but little To the end that the Reader might see that at the first it did breed some distraction I doe here insert a Letter unto Tyrone from Cormocke Mac Dermond the Lord of the large Countrey of Muskry who was never personally in actuall Rebellion neither afore nor after the Spaniards arrivall the copie of which Letter came not to the Presidents hands untill the latter end of the yeere one thousand sixe hundred and two and he then pardoned wherein it doth evidently appeare what cancred hearts the better sort of Subjects did beare to the Crowne of England and the English government CHAP. XVII A Letter from Cormocke Mac Dermond unto Tyron● The Abbey of Rat●o burned and fourti● of the Bonoghs slaine One thousand Bonoghs levied by Florence Mac Cartie Connaght and Vlster men change their Resolution for the invading of Mounster and th● cause why Dermond O Conner m●rdered by Theobald ne Long Burke A 〈◊〉 f●●m the Ea●le of Clanrika●d to Theobald ne Long. A Letter from Cormock Mac Dermond unto Tyrone I Haue received your Letter of the twentieth of September and doe thanke you for the great trust you repose in mee which by the helpe of God shall bee by mee discharged to the uttermost of my power But the English haue in these parts so much prevayled by the sinister false dealing of the Connaght men as the President hath taken Pledges of most of the Gentlemen and men of power in these parts And besides wee are so weake in men as that wee are out of necessitie constrained to yeeld to the yoke of the English Heretiques from the which wee pray God to deliver us according to our hearts desire and therefore doe hope you will beare with our present necessities being ready at all times to obey your directions when you shall bee able to send us helpe but because that we shall neither deceiue you or our selues we doe pray you to send us word what numbers you will send us and by what time that accordingly wee may make our selues ready to giue you our best assistance But of one thing I thinke good to giue you particular notice which is not to put any confidence in any of Mounster of the English Nation for whatsoever they professe or protest unto you they meane not to deale faithfully with us but will forsake us in our greatest need The

short time bee reduced to a setled conformitie but the malicious practises of the Irish Papists had so farre inraged the Pope and the King of Spaine against our Soveraigne Mistresse and her good Subjects the Professors of the true Religion whom the Romanists falsely tearme Heretiques as in this yeare of 1601 the Province of Mounster was not onely set in a raging flame but the whole Kingdome was indangered to bee torne from the Crowne of England But God in his great mercie fought for his servants and made this intended mischiefe to bee the breake-necke of the Rebellion throughout the Kingdome and consequently the peace and tranquillitie which by the goodnesse of God wee enjoy About the latter end of March 1601 Intelligences were brought to the Lord President and Letters intercepted whereby it probably appeared that Forces from Vlster and Connaght were in preparing by the way of Thomond to passe into Mounster under the conduct of Redmond Burke Captaine Hugh Mostian and Con Oneale Tyrones base sonne with about two thousand men besides Mounsters fugitiues to releeue the lurking Earle but although the circumstances of that Relation prooved to bee untrue both in the Leaders and number of men yet that smoake did arise from some fire for presently heereupon Redmond Burke and Hugh Mostian with eight hundred Connaght men and Teg Orwrk Iohn fits Thomas Donogh Mac Cormocke and Pierce Lacie with seven hundred of the North came through Connaght Sir Iohn Barkley Governour in the absence of Sir Arthur Savage being constrained to giue way to their greater force Likewise the Barron of Lixnaw and Teg Kewgh Mac Maghon were busie in providing Gallies to come by Sea and the O-Maylies and O Flagherties had a purpose with sixe hundred men which they had already furnished to invade Kerry The President having received certaine Intelligence of all those preparations principally set on foot to disturbe his Government first dispatched away one thousand Foot under the command of Captaine George Flower Sergeant Major of that Province with direction to march forward in all haste into Connaght to joyne with Sir Iohn Barkley that they might doe some good service upon the Rebels at their passage over the Shenan which of necessitie they must hazzard before they could come into Mounster The nine and twentieth of March Captaine Flower rose out of Limerick and that night lodged at Quyn in Thomond had notice that the enemy was aduanced into Thomond to spoyle the same having the assistance of Teg Sonne and Heire to Sir Tirloghe Obrien who went into action not aboue three dayes before The Sergeant Major discovering their Forces came up close unto them and when hee began to fight they began to runne whom notwithstanding he so well pursued with my Lord of Thomonds Company that they ●lew and hurt divers of them and amongst the rest Walter Burke Sonne to the blind Abbot was slaine and Teg Obrien now mentioned received a mortall wound whereof within three dayes after he died besides these Forces by land the President also made certaine provisions by Sea for preventing of Fits Maurice with his Omaylies and Oflagherties from coming into Kerry upon which occasion there was a tall Merchant lately come with provent apparell for the Armie into the river of Limerick together with certaine small boats well victualled and manned commanded to attend about the mouth of Shenan to doe service upon such Rebels as should appeare upon that Coast all which being notified in the Countrey the Enemy finding his purpose frustrate of transporting his Armie into Kerry that way they retyred themselues into a strong Fastnesse in Tough-kynalehin betwixt Clanrickard and Thomond Her Majesties forces lodging so neere them as possible they might The President also himselfe with all the rest of his forces except the Garisons of Kerry followed as farre as Limerick aswell to giue countenance to the other Companies that attended the Rebels as also to bee ready upon the first allarum to intercept or interrupt them If by any devise or chance they might escape the forces in Connaght and because the Enemy should bee desperate of any helpe and assured of strong resistance in the Province the President tooke order that all the Chiefes of every Countrey should assemble themselues at Galbally in the County of Limerick and to bring with them the best forces they could make of Horse and Foote together with victuals for ten dayes to attend such directions as they should bee commanded by the Lord Barry who was appointed Generall of the Provincials What service they would haue done if occasion had beene offered I know not But sure I am although they did somewhat exceede the time limited before they were assembled yet at last there was gathered thirteene hundred Foote and one hundred and twenty Horse of the County of Corke only with great alacrity as seemed of doing some acceptable service In the meane time Sir Iohn Barkley layeth so hardly to the Rebels still keeping within their Fastnesse that they could not possibly get any prey of the Countrey but were constraind from the thirtieth of March to the thirteenth of Aprill to feede upon garrans flesh and such unsavory meate Afterwards being halfe starved and altogether past hope of O Donnels coming to their reliefe with more forces they stole away in the night and drew into Omaddins Countrey out men perceiving their rising pursued them and held them fighting all night and in the morning found that wee had slaine many of them yet by breake of the day they had recovered another strong Fastnesse wherein Sir Iohn Barkley though often assaying could not annoy them after two dayes being distressed with like want as before they were inforced to dislodge againe in the night our forces pursued them at the heeles and coming close up unto them put them to route and forced them over the Sucke a deepe River wherein they lost two hundred men with the most part of their munition and baggage In this service there was lost and hurt of our men and twentie but not any of note except Nevile Sir Gerrard Harvy his Lieuetenant onely The Rebels were so terrified in this prosecution that such as escaped the River sought not to vnite themselues againe Teg Orwrke retired into his Countrey Redmond Burke went to O Donnell Iohn fits Thomas to Tyrone and the meaner sort dispersed into sundry places and Hughe Mostian with his Company rested himselfe in O Conner Roes Countrey In one of the aforesaid skirmishes in Oshafnes Countrey upon the seven and twentieth of March Donoghe Mac Cormock afore mentioned was slaine being lately inlarged by Tyrone to set a fire in Mounster These affaires thus accomplished with good successe although not fully so good as was both promised and expected Captaine Flower with his Regiment returned the one and twentieth of Aprill to Limerick Ever since the Presidents first coming into Mounster there had beene as formerly you may

shot being made from those ships they dismounted the Spaniards Peece within and hurt their chiefe Gunner so as it played no more Betimes in the morning those three Peeces from the poynt of the Hill neere the water played upon the Towne doing great hurt by reason they were so neere planted but because the day fell out extreame windy and rainy they were enforced to leaue and spent the rest of the day in drawing downe some other Peeces that were planted upon the first platforme CHAP. XVII The Towne of Kinsale summoned and Don Iuan his Answer The Spaniards beaten out of their trenches The Marshall went to view the Towne to discover a fit place to batter A skirmish entertayned for the viewing of the breach An intrenchment made on the West side of the Towne A bold attempt of a Sergeant of ours wherein he was slaine A Souldier slaine standing betweene the Lord Dep●●y and Lord President The great sally made by the Enemy with a furious charge both upon the plat forme where the battery was placed and upon a new entrenchment on the West side of the towne the Enemy repulsed and beaten The Enemy gained our entrenchment on the West-side of the towne The entrenchment recovered from the Enemy The losse on the Enemies part and on our part IN the morning a Trumpeter was sent to summon Kinsale who was not suffered to enter into the Towne but receiving his answer at the Gate viz. that they held the Towne first for Christ and next for the King of Spaine so would defend it Contra tutti inimici upon his returne with this answer the Lord Deputie gaue direction to beginne the battery with all the Artillery who continued in shooting upon the Gate till towards night and brake a great part thereof during the time the Ordnance played Sir Christopher Saint-Laurence drew out from the other Campe some Foote and gaue upon the Spaniards trenches which they possessed with great numbers at the other end of the Towne being enforced to goe thereunto through the furie of the shot which they could not endure in that part of the Towne where the Ordnance played at his first giving upon them hee beate them out of the trenches following them to the very Gate of the Towne and killed some of them returning without losse on our side saue onely some hurt All the Artillery still played and brake downe most part of the Gate and some part of a new worke made before the Gate The Marshall taking some fiftie shot went to the wall of the Towne to view which was the best place to make a breach and found the wall close to the Gate on the right hand to bee the fittest after he had taken view and made a slight skirmish with the Spaniards hee returned without any losse saving some three hurt and caused the Artillery to beate upon that place who played upon it without any intermission and brake downe before night a very great part of the wall which the Enemy attempted to make up in the night but were beaten from it by our Guards who played upon them most part of the night A Spaniard ran away this day from Kinsale who reported to the Lord Deputie that our Artillery had killed divers Captaines in the Towne besides private Souldiers Resolved in Councell and by the Councell of warre that some Foote should be drawen out of the Campe to giue the Spaniards a bravadoe and to view whether the breach was assaultable and to cause the Spaniards to shew themselues that our Artillery might the better play upon them whereupon two thousand Foote commanded by Sir Iohn Barkley and Captaine Blaynie were presently put in Armes and drawen neere the wals of the Towne who entertayned a very hot skirmish with the Spaniards that had lodged themselues in a trench close to the breach without the Towne during the continuance of this skirmish our Artillery played upon those that shewed themselues either on the breach or in the trench and killed many of them besides such as were killed and hurt by our small shot after an houres fight or thereabouts when full view was taken in what manner the breach was and found not to bee assaultable our men were drawen off with little or no hurt on our side saving some three hurt and Captaine Guests horse killed under him who before killed two or three with his owne hands This night the Marshall Sir Iohn Barkley Captaine Blaynie and Captaine Bodly the Lord Deputie leaving the President in the Campe being almost all night present drew out fiue and twentie of every Company and intrenched themselues on a Hill on the West side of the Towne within lesse then halfe Callivers shot of the same and cast up a small fort to lodge some Foote to serue as seconds for the Artillery that was to be planted not farre from it our men being at worke the Spaniards about midnight began to play upon them from the wals and from a trench they possessed close to the West gate and so continued very hotly till the morning our men that guarded the Pioners playing likewise upon them and divers hurt and killed on either side Our men continued still in that worke and brought the same before night to very good perfection though the Spanyards from their high Castles and other places of the Towne sought to annoy them what they could While our men were thus at worke a Sergeant of Captaine Blaynies drew out some seven or eight shott and suddenly fell into a trench that the Spaniards possessed close to the towne wherein were some nine or ten Spaniards of which the Sergeant killed two with his owne hands and the rest every man one Not being contented therewith he attempted to giue upon another Trench possessed by the Spanyards some good distance from it but in going on the Sergeant was shott through the body and his company in bringing him off had two hurt and returned without any more losse The same day the Lord Deputie and the Lord President came to see the new Worke and as they were discoursing very neere together a Musket shot from the Towne passed betweene them and brake the backe bone of a Souldier that stood close by them whereof hee dyed This night the Trenches where the Cannon was planted being manned with the Lord Deputies Company commanded by Captaine Iames Blunt Sir Thomas Burkes commaunded by his Lieut●nant Sir Benjamin Berries commanded by his Lieutenant Captain Rotheram himselfe and Captaine Hobbie Captaine Muses commanded by his Lieutenant and Captaine Roger Harvie commanding in chiefe being Captaine of the Watch in a fort on the West neere the Towne betweene the two Campes that was made the morning before being manned by Captaine Flower with Sir Arthur Savages Company Sir Iohn Dowdalls Company Captaine Dillon Captaine Spencer Captaine Mastersons Lieutenant and Sir William Warrens Lieutenant with certaine Squadrons out of the

de Soto hath written and by the comming of the Earle Odonnell who is now in the Groyne wee haue understood of the overthrow of the Earles and from thence is gathered that all the forces are now bent against you and that your onely valour and wisedome hath beene able to resist them and let the great estimation his Majestie holdeth of you mitigate the care which this businesse may bring you his Majestie hath commanded me speedily to prepare gallant succours both by Land and Sea which is done and shall bee presently dispatched and this ship is onely sent to advertise you thereof to the end that you may with the more courage defend your selfe and to bring a true report in what state you stand which may more particularly appeare unto you by his Majesties Letter which with this you shall receiue whereunto hee hath commanded me to add this that hee hath in his favour made you one of his Councellers of his councell at warres which I congratulate with you assuring you on his part that God willing hee will conferre greater favours upon you wherefore proceed cheerefully as both now and heretofore in the course of your life you haue done taking every occasion to strengthen your selfe in this siege and to endammage the Enemy that hee may not hinder you and to assure the Army no man living hath received greater rewards from his Majestie then you shall I take upon my selfe the care of it and I pray you to write me such good newes as I desire whereof I hope in God In Man●illa the thirtieth of Ianuary 1602. El Duque de Lerma Marques de Denia God is my witnesse I neither eate nor sleepe with lesse care then any one of them that are with you and I would willingly be in the perill of every one of you and if the shedding of my blood might be advantageous I would readily giue it for you all that haue such need Doe your endeavours for presently succours shall be sent unto you To Don Iuan de Aguila Master of the Campe Generall of the men of warre in Ireland A Letter from the King of Spaine to Don Iuan de Aguila EL REY DOn Iuan de Aguila Master of the Campe Generall of my Army in Ireland by that which Pedro de Zubiare and Pedro Lopez de Soto haue written unto me I haue understood of the defeat of the Earles Oneale and Odonnell and likewise I now see that all your hopes remaines in your valour and wisedome wherein I haue such confidence that I hope in the middest of so many dangers and labours wherewith you are inuironed that you will preserue the Army untill more succours of shipping men armes and munitions be sent unto you which are with al possible expedition in preparing and shall bee speedily dispatched You may make vse of them and take reuenge of the Enemy and untill they come which shall be as I haue said with celerity preserue your selfe I doe not advise you of any particulars because I assure my selfe of your judgement and experience that knowes how to make your advantage of such occasions as the Enemy shall giue for the benefit of the siege And your selfe and the Army which is with you shall haue good testimony of my bounty thankfulnesse and honour I will doe unto you all and so much doe you signifie unto the Army from me The Duke of Lerma shall write more unto you from Man●illa the one and thirtie of Ianuary 1602. Yo El Rey. To Don Iuan de Aguila Master of the Campe Generall of our Army in Ireland Don Pedro Franquesa Not long after most of the Spaniards were imbarqued in Kinsale onely a few remayning which were to passe with Don Iohn the day before his departure the Lord Deputie shewed him the copie of the Letters saying that they were sent unto him out of Vlsterby a Priest who was his spy about Tyrone unto whom the Letters had beene caried Don Iuan taking this for good payment thanked the Lord Deputie for his favourable care All the while Don Iuan was at Corke every day the President and hee had familiar discourse together but for the most part their passages in speech was betweene jest and earnest somewhat sharpe and especially when they spake of religion their Soveraignes or the Nations But it seemes that hee caried a good respect of the President as by writing and presents sent which shall in its due place appeare The fifteenth the Lord Deputie and the President having acquainted the rest of the Councell with the effect of the Spanish Letters intercepted as aforesaid though not with the manner how they were gotten they thought it meete to write unto the Lords of the Councell in England this ensuing Letter whereby they might understand how things stood for the present as also to provide for the future since by the intercepted Letters it appeared that the King of Spaine had set his heart upon the warre of Ireland A Letter from the Lord Deputie and Councell to the Lords in England MAy it please your Lordships The fourteenth of this Moneth we dispatched Sir Richard Morison with our Letters to your Lordships from this place and the nine and twentieth we wrote againe by Captaine Butler yet to this day the wind hath continued still so westerly as since the departure of Sir Richard no shipping is come to us either out of England from your Lordships as we desired or from Waterford Wexford and those parts as we directed to carry away the Spanyards hence nor yet untill Sunday the seventh hereof could those ships stirre that lay ready at Kinsale to be sent to Baltimore Castle-haven and Beere-haven but now they are gone Wee hope that the Service to bee done by them which is the possessing of the Castles and sending away of the Spaniards in them will bee presently accomplished although the winde hath served them so scantly as we feare they will hardly recover all the places whereunto they are directed There is onely one Scottish ship gone from Kinsale for Spaine which carried one hundred and sixtie Spaniards with part of the Artillerie but there lies now readie at the Harbour for the first winde so much shipping as will carrie away fifteene hundred more so as there will bee yet remaining in Kinsale aboue one thousand more which with the first shipping that comes from the other Ports shall be 〈◊〉 Don Iuan stayes to goe last It appeareth by some Letters intercepted which wee send her e●ithall unto your Lordships that the King of Spaine purposeth in send a larger supply hither with all expedition Don Iuan ass●res 〈◊〉 to doe the best ●ee can to stay them and if he arriue first in Spain● hec makes no doubt to disswade their comming but if they should come before his 〈◊〉 hee promiseth to returne them according to his Covenant in the 〈…〉 if they doe not come under the command of some other that hath a 〈…〉 from his from the King

and good opportunity as I imagined I I came to their presence tendering my obeysance unto them in the name of your Highnesse and being with foure hundred men at my owne cost towards your service I yeelded out of my meere loue and goodwill without compulsion or composition into their hands in the name of your Majestie not onely my Castle and Haven called Beerehaven but also my Wife my Children my Countrey Lordships and all my possessions for ever to be disposed of at your pleasure They received mee in that manner and promised as from your Highnesse to keepe and saue the said Castle and Haven during the service of your grace Notwithstanding my gratious Lord conclusions of peace were assuredly agreed upon betwixt Don Iuan de Aguila and the English a fact pittifull and according to my judgement against all right and humane conscience Among other places whereof your greatnesse was dispossessed in that manner which were neither yeelded nor taken to the end they should bee delivered to the English Don Iuan tyed himselfe to deliver my Castle and Haven the onely key of mine inheritance whereupon the living of many thousand persons doth rest that liue some twentie leagues upon the Sea Coast into the hands of my cruell cursed misbeleeving Enemies a thing I feare in respect of the execrablenesse inhumanity and ingratefulnesse of the fact if it take effect as it was plotted that will giue cause to other men not to trust any Spaniard hereafter with their bodies or goods upon these causes My Lord in that I judge this dishonourable act to be against your honour and pleasure as I understand by your last Letters that came into Ireland considering the harme that might ensue to the service of your Majestie and the ever lasting overthrow that might happen to mee and my poore people such as might escape the sword of our Enemy if any should I haue taken upon mee with the helpe of God to offer to keepe my Castle and Haven from the hands of mine Enemies untill further newes and order come from your Highnesse I haue sent my Sonne and Heire being of the age of fiue yeares as a Pledge for accomplishing your will in this behalfe and for the performing of my promise past unto your Greatnesse I would not omit my selfe in person to come and visit your Highnesse but that I feare our warres here would grow weake in respect of my absence for which cause my selfe and the rest of our men of worth haue sent in haste with Intelligence vnto your Greatnesse our loving Friend Dermond Odrischall in respect of our confidence in him our knowledge of him and the continuall endeavors wee see in him towards this Catholique Warre as from vs all And for as much as wee could not conveniently write all that wee wish vnto you wee humbly beseech that hee may bee heard as from vs all as if our selues were present and to hasten helping Newes that shall rejoyce vs and our people and afterwards to speed your gracious helpe vnto vs for the sooner the better whilest our enemies are not in readinesse and vntill the comming of newes from your grace vnto vs I will haue in a readinesse where the service shall require the number of one thousand men and I will upon my knees pray the mercifull God to giue vnto your Grace long life with health of body and soule and all happinesse and so doe commit you to the safeguard of the Omnipotent Donboy viz. Beere-haven the twentieth day of February 1602. Donnell Osulevan Beare A Letter from Osulevan Beare to the Earle of Caraçena MY dutie remembred It may please your Lordship to understand that according to my former Letters it hath manifestly appeared heere the resolution of Don Iuan de Aguila to haue been by his composition with the English to yeeld unto the Enemies hands all the Forts and Havens voluntarily delivered by the Lords and Gentlemen of this Land for his Majesties service which will bee to the dishonour of the King the prevention of his most godly attempt and the utter ruine and destruction of thousands of this Countrey Gentlemen and Catholiques who without compulsion entred into this Action All which having considered I haue of meere affection to my Religion his Highnesse service and loue to my people and Countrey so endeavored the recovery of my Castle as I did draw into the same some hundred of my followers whom although the Spanyards haue attempted to resist and killed three of my best Gentlemen yet durst none of my people kill any of them but without harme forced them out of my said Castle saving their Captaine with fiue or sixe unto whom I haue allowed certaine roomes in my House to looke to the Kings Munition and Artillerie which Castle and Haven I doe detaine and will evermore for his Majesties Service to defend untill his Highnesse pleasure and your Lordships resolution unto mee shall bee further knowen And for manifestation of my loyaltie and faithfulnesse to his Majestie I haue sent my Sonne and Heyre thither whom I hope ere this time is present before your Lordship and haue cess●d all the Captaines Company upon my owne people and charges humbly beseeching it may please your Honour to bee a meane unto his most Catholique Majestie that hee may vouchsafe speedily to releeue this place where many of his Royall Shipps in time of service may bee kept in safetie Or otherwayes to send some small Ship towards this coast for to receiue mee and the rest of my Family and Children for to bee carryed into Spaine for the saving of our liues out of the hands of these mercilesse Hereticall Enemies making choyce rather to forsake my ancient Inheritance Friends Followers and Goods then any way to trust to their most gracelesse Pardon or Promise Thus much I hope your godly charitable Nature will draw you to doe for such a one as I am who hazarded Life Lands Goods and Followers for the Catholique Faith and the Kings Majesties Service All which leaving to your Honourable Discretion through whose vertuous meanes I chiefely hope to receiue comfort I humbly take leaue From Beare-haven Castle the last of February 1602. Your most Faithfull and bounden Donnell Osulevan Beare To the Earle of Caraçena Governor and Captaine Generall for his Majestie in the kingdome of Galitia A Letter from Osulevan Beare to Don Pedro Zubiaur MY honorable good friend your kind letters I haue of late received for your carefull furtherance I cannot but rest beholden and thankfull as before Our state sithence your departing notwithstanding many crosses was reasonable well partly because of the weaknesse of the English forces untill a brute came unto us credibly that Don Iuan de Aguila did not onely agree and compound to yeeld the Towne of Kinsale but also the other Castles and Havens delivered voluntarily by the owners unto you and the Veador to the King his use during the occasion of service which notwithstanding being

delivered to the Enemies hands would mightily discourage and weaken all the Kings friends in Ireland namely my selfe who by keeping my possessions belonging to my Castle and Haven of Beere-haven and able God bee thanked and ready at all times to find out for his Majesties service upon warning and necessitie one thousand men besides the ward of my owne Castle where loosing the same so unexpected and surrendered to the hands of most hereticall enemies I am not onely disappoynted of all power but also driven to run to the Mountaines there to liue like Woolfes for the safetie of my life and to leaue to their mercilesse discretion all the poore men women and children within the length of twenty Leagues contayning of my ancient inheritance under my jurisdiction I pray you as you haue begun and in his Majesties name past your promise unto me to be a meane unto his Majestie that such shamefull composition void of lawfull ground may not bee an overthrow and disgrace to the Kings service and a perpetuall destruction to my posterity for ever whose Ancestors maintayned the credit and calling of great Gentlemen these two thousand and sixe hundred yeares sithence their first comming out of Spaine I haue made offer to the Veador to mainetaine all the Spaniards that were at Castlehaven Baltimore and here with Beefe Fish Corne and Salt till his Majestie pleasure were knowen and to find upon my owne charges one thousand men to defend them I would personally haue repaired thither to make relation hereof to the King his Majestie but that I doe feare the warres might haue the worse expedition here by my absence although you might thinke I would for a while use some resistance against the Englishmen with my people and the Fastnesse of my Countrey yet I know you will pitty old Sir Finnin forced by this composition to yeeld his body to the mercilesse butchery of our Hereticall enemies which leaving partly to bee prevented by your good meanes to the King his most Catholike Majestie I take leaue committing you to God Beare-haven the twentieth of February 1602. Donnell Osulevan Beare It was first much doubted and feared that the Castle of Dunboy had beene voluntarily not without the privitie and consent of the chiefe Commanders amongst the Spaniards delivered unto Donnell Osulevan there being such an excellent Haven for the Kings ships if hee should send forces to repaire the ruines of his honour so much shaken by the former proceedings but afterward understanding that the Castle was not surprised without some blood and also intercepting those Letters which verified the contrary it cleered the Spaniards of that suspition but howsoever the holding of this Castle gaue occasion to the countrey more obstinately to stand out in the action because Osulevan Beare for defence hereof against the English had according to the contents of these Letters entertayned Tirrell William Burke and others with one thousand Bonnoghs which were by course employed about the fortifying of this Castle Neere unto the mouth of the Haven of Bea●e there is a small Iland called the Durses which is very strongly seated by nature by reason of the difficulty of landing which is conveniently but in one narrow entrance which may bee defended with a few hands and besides it is impossible for any Boat to arriue at this enterance except it bee in a dead calme the least gale of wind raising such billowes as doe endanger any Boat as shall come neere the shore this impregnable place was elected for their extreame refuge if Dunboy should bee wonne by the English and therefore the custody thereof was committed to Conner Odrischall Sonne and Heire to Sir Finnin before mentioned who procuring three Peeces of Spanish Ordnance to be convayed into the Iland with certaine quantity of powder and shot and having sixtie choise men fortified the same as they thought against the most potent Enemy but wee leaue these Rebels busying their braines and wearying their bodies about these fortifications and returne to Captaine Harvie who while the Veador Pedro Lopez de●Soto remayned at Baltimore many curtesies and familiar conferences passed betweene them wherein hee shewed himselfe to bee a man of great humanity and a good statesman able to relate many things both concerning the State of England and particularly of the Nobility in the same as well as some that had spent their whole liues in that Realme but the end of all his conference still tended towards a peace betweene our Soveraigne and his Master whereby it may bee gathered that the King of Spaine was weary of the warre which himselfe had injuriously begun The substance of their discourse Captaine Harvie related to the President and also shewed him a Pasport of the Veadors and a Letter which hee sent unto him after his arrivall in Spaine all which are thus Englished CHAP. XXIX 〈…〉 discourse betweene Captaine Roger Harvie and Pedro Lopez de Soto Pedro Lopez de Soto his Pasp●●● Pedro Lopez de Soto his Letter to Captaine Roger Harvie A Discourse that passed betwixt Captaine Roger Harvy and Pedro Lopez de Soto the Spanish Veador the six and twentieth of F●bruary 1601 in the Iland of Innysharkin whilest the Spaniards were embarquing their Munitions and Artillery from thence the effect as followeth Soto SIR saith hee is it not a miserable and lamentable thing in any honest mans conscience to see the daily effusion of blood and infinite expence of treasure that this warre betwixt Spaine and England doth daily bring forth and consume Harvie I told him it was too high a mysterie for mee to censute but I thought it to bee the judgement of God for we must understand that Princes are Gods Ministers and Agents upon earth and what they doe is beyond our lymits to looke into Notwithstanding I thought the pride of his Masters gold so puffed him up as either hee must haue all the world or nothing can content him or else his King would never haue sought out such a place as Ireland is to haue buried so many Crowne in besides the losse of no small number of his Subjects but it may be hereafter he will know us better and perchance thinke our nation fitter to conquer then to loose what we haue Soto But doe you thinke that Gold is so abundant with us Harvey The Indian world which you possess● makes us beleeue so Soto Well bee not deceiued for my selfe haue been a dealer these many yeares in great Affaires for the King and by that I doe some what understand his Hazienda which I must confesse to bee very great and yet not so exceeding as the world thinkes But if 〈◊〉 were farre greater then it is I assure you the infinite number of Garrisons which he is daily forced to maintaine would devoure another such Indies if hee had them for doe but looke into how many severall Branches his Treasure is divided into and then you will beleeue mee but yet of all the rest his expences

strength I should the better haue provided for what these clouds doe threaten and sooner and more easily either haue made this Countrey a rased Table wherein shee might haue written her owne Lawes or haue tyed the ill disposed and rebellious hands till I had surely planted such a Government as would haue overgrowne and killed any weeds that should haue risen under it Yet since the necessitie of the State doeth so urge a diminution of this great expence I will not despayre to goe on with this worke through all these difficulties if wee be not interrupted by forraine Forces although perchance wee may be encountred with some new irruptions and by often adventuring with some disasters and it may bee your Lordships shall sometimes heare of some spoiles done upon the Subjects from the which it is impossible to preserue them in all places with farre greater forces then ever yet were kept in this Kingdome And although it hath beene seldome heard that an Armie hath beene carried on with so continuall Action and enduring without any intermission of Winter breathings and that the difficulties at this time to keepe any Forces in the place where wee must make the Warre but especially our Horse are almost beyond any hope to prevent yet with the favour of God and her Majesties Fortune I doe determine my selfe to drawe into the Field assoone as I haue received her Majesties Commaundements by the Commissioners who it hath pleased her to send over and in the meane time I hope by mine owne presence or Directions to set every partie on worke that doth adjoyne or may bee drawne against any force that now doth remaine in rebellion In which Iourney the successe must bee in the hands of GOD but I will confidently promise to omit nothing that is possible by us to bee done to giue the last blow unto the Rebellion But as all paine and anguish impatient of the present doeth use change for a remedie so will it bee impossible for us to settle the minds of these people unto a Peace or reduce them unto Order while they feele the smart of these sensible griefes and apparant feares which I haue remembred to your Lordships without some hope of redresse or securitie Therefore I will presume how unworthie soever I haue been since it concernes the Province her Majestie hath given mee with all humblenesse to lay before your graue Iudgements some few things which I thinke necessary to bee considered of And first whereas the alteration of the Coyne and taking away of the exchange in such measure as it was first promised hath bred a generall grievance unto men of all qualities and so many incommodities to all sorts that it is beyond the Iudgement of any that I can heare to prevent a con●usion in this Estate by the continuance thereof that at the least it would please your Lordships to put this people in some certaine hope that upon the end of the warre this newe Standard shall bee abolished or eased And that in the meane time the Armie may bee favourably dealt with in the Exchange since by the last Proclamation your Lordships sent over they doe conceiue their case will bee more hard then any others for if they haue allowed them nothing but indefinitely as much as they shall meerely gaine out of their Entertainments that will prooue nothing to the greater part For the onely possibilitie to make them to liue upon their Entertainment will bee to allowe them Exchange for the greatest part thereof since now they doe not onely pay excessiue prizes for all things but can hardly get any thing for this Money And although wee haue presumed to alter in shew though not in effect the Proclamation in that poynt by retayning a power in our selues to proportion their allowance for Exchange yet was it with a minde to conforme our proceedings therein according to your Lordships next directions and therefore doe humbly desire to know your pleasures therein For our opinions of the last project it pleased your Lordships to send us I doe humbly leaue it to our generall Letters Only as for my selfe I made overture to the Councell in the other you sent directly onely to my selfe and because I found them generally to concurre that it would prooue as dangerous as the first I did not thinke it fit any otherwise to declare your Lordships pleasure therein And whereas it pleased your Lordships in your last Letters to command us to deale moderately in the great matter of Religion I had before the receipt of your Lordships Letters presumed to advise such as dealt in it for a time to hold a more restraynt hand therein and wee were both thinking our selues what course to take in the Revocation of what was already done with least incouragement to them and others since the feare that this course begun in Dublin would fall upon the rest was apprehended over all the Kingdome So that I thinke your Lordships Direction was to great purpose and the other course might haue overthrowne the meanes to our owne end of Reformation of Religion Not that I thinke too great precisenesse can bee used in the reforming of our selues the abuses of our owne Clergie Church-livings or Discipline nor that the trueth of the Gospell can with too great vehemencie or industrie bee set forward in all places and by all or●inarie meanes most proper unto it selfe that was first set foorth and spread in meeknesse not that I thinke any corporall prosecution or punishment can bee too severe for such as shall bee found seditious Instruments of ●orraine or inward practises not that I thinke it fit that any principall Magistrates should bee chosen without taking the Oath of Obedience nor tollerated in absenting themselues from publique Divine Service but that wee may bee advised how wee doe punish in their bodies or goods any such onely for Religion as doe professe to bee faithfull Subjects to her Majestie and against whom the contrary cannot bee prooved And ●ince if the Irish were utterly rooted out there was much lesse likelihood that this Countrey could bee thereby in any time planted by the English since they are so farre from inhabiting well any part of that they haue already that more than is likely to be inhabited may be easily chosen out and reserved in such places by the sea side or upon great Rivers as may bee planted to great purpose for a future absolute reducement of this Countrey I thinke it would as much avayle the speedy setling of this Countrey as any thing that it would please her Majestie to deale liberally with the Irish Lords of Countreyes or such as are now of great reputation among them in the distribution of such Lands as they haue formerly possessed or the State heere can make little use of for her Majestie If they continue as they ought to doe and yeeld the Queene as much commoditie as shee may otherwise expect shee hath made a good purchase of such Subjects for

such Land If any of them heereafter be disobedient to her Lawes or breake foorth in Rebellion shee may when they shall bee more divided ruine them more easily for example unto others and if it be thought fit may plant English or other Irish in their Countreyes For although there ever haue beene and hereafter may bee small eruptions in some places which at the first may easily bee suppressed yet the suffering them to grow to that generall head and combination did questionlesse proceed from great errour in the judgement heere and may be easily as I thinke prevented hereafter And further it may please her Majestie to ground her resolution for the time and numbers of the next abatement of the List of her Armie somewhat upon our poore advise from hence and to beleeue that wee will not so farre corrupt our Iudgements with any private respects and without necessitie to continue her Charge seeing wee doe throughly conceiue how grievous it is unto her Estate and that wee may not bee precisely tyed to an Establishment that shall conclude the payments of the Treasure since it hath ever been thought fit to bee otherwise till the comming over of the Earle of Essex and some such extraordinarie Occasions may fall out that it will bee dangerous to attend your Lordships Resolutions and when it will bee safe to diminish the Armie heere that there may bee some course thought of by some other Employment to disburthen this Countrey of the idle Sword-men in whom I finde an inclination apt enough to bee carried elsewhere either by some of this Countrey of best reputation among them or in Companies as now they stand under English Captaines who may bee reinforced with the greatest part of Irish That it may bee left to our discretion to make Passages and Bridges into Countreyes otherwise unaccessable and to build little Pyles of stone in such Garrisons as shall bee thought fittest to bee continuall Bridles upon the people by the commoditie of which wee may at any time drawe the greatest part of the Armie together to make a Head against any part that shall first breake out and yet reserue the places onely with a Ward to put in greater Forces as occasion shall require which I am perswaded will prooue great Pledges upon this Countrey that upon any urgent cause the Queene may safely draw the greatest part of her Armie heere out of the Kingdome to bee employed at least for a time elsewhere wherein I beseech your Lordships to consider what a strength so many experienced Captaines and Souldiers would bee to any Armie of new men erected in England against an Invasion or sent abroad in any offensiue warre But untill these places bee built I cannot conceiue how her Majestie with any safetie can make any great diminution of her Armie Lastly I doe humbly desire your Lordships to receiue the further explanation of my meaning and confirmation of my reasons that doe induce mee unto these propositions for the Lord President of Mounster who as he hath been a very worthy Actor in the reducement and defence of this Kingdome so doe I thinke him to be the best able to giue you through account of the present Estate and future providence for the preservation thereof wherein it may please your Lordships to require his opinion of the hazard this Kingdome is like to runne in if it should by any mightie Power be invaded and how hard it will bee for us in any measure to provide for the present defence if any such bee intended and withall to goe on with the suppression of these that are left in rebellion so that wee must either adventure the kindling of this fire that is almost extinguished or intending onely that leaue the other to exceeding perill And thus having remembred to your Lordships the most materiall poynts as I conceiue that are fittest for the present to bee considered of I doe humbly recommend my selfe and them to your Lordships favour From her Majesties Castle of Dublin the sixe and twentieth of February 1602. After the Lord Deputie departed by reason of Easterly winds the President was stayed aboue three weekes in Dublin during which time every day Posts were emploied betweene them untill the twentieth of March which was the day the Lord President set saile for England the day following hee arrived at Bewmarris at his comming to Chester hee met with the lamentable newes of the decease of his good and gracious Mistresse Queene Elizabeth for whom as he had good cause he extreamely mourned But two dayes following being at Lichfield he assisted the Major in the proclaiming of King Iames which gaue him new life whom I beseech God long to preserue and continue his Posteritie for ever over his triumphant Monarchy of Great Brittaine and Ireland Although my VVorke bee finished yet according to the course I haue held in the end of the two former Bookes I may not omit to recount to the Reader the most memorable Services and accidents which hapned in this yeere 1602. In the Catalogue whereof I must first begin with the forces sent into Carbery with the Earle of Thomond The sending of Sir Charles Wilmot with his Regiment into Kerry The Lord Presidents departure from Corke with the Armie towards Donboy His long abode at Carew Castle expecting Munition and Victuals The difficulty he had in his approaching towards Donboy The defeat given to the Rebels The arrivall of a Spanish Caravell in Beare with Letters of Comfort Money and Munition from Spaine The siege of Donboy the winning and rasing of it The Presidents returne to Corke and Sir Charles Wilmots into Kerry The flight of Iames Archer the Iesuite and Connor Odrischall into Spaine The relapse of Sir Owen Mac Carties Sonnes The Spanish Hostages returned into Spaine The restraint of Cormock Lord of Muskery His escape and reduction The winning of the Castle of Mocrumpe The defeat of Tirrell and his Bonnoghs in Muskery The sending of Sir Samuell Bagnall with fifteene hundred men to the Lord Deputie The Service done upon the Knight of Kerry The flight of Tirrell with his Bonoghs out of the Province The defeat of the Rebells in Glangarne The flight of William Burke with his Bonoghs Osulevan Beare and Connor Kerry out of Mounster The overthrow of the Cartyes in Carbery And the killing of the Popes Apostolique Vicar Owen Mac Egan The sending of a Regiment with Munition and Victualls for the service in Connaght The defeat of the Lord of Lixnaw The finall Reduction of Mounster The appointing of Sir Charles Wilmot and Sir George Thornton joynt Commissioners for the Government of Mounster And the departure of the Lord President into ENGLAND FINIS 1599. Devoreux Butler Roche Blunt Carew The landing of the Lord Deputie and Lord President in Ireland St. Lawrence Carew The Warrant for the passing of letters Patents to the Lo. President Norris Carew Blunt Carew Norris Norris Norris Cary. The Lo. Presidents Letters Patents Norris Carew Carew Blunt Carew