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the_o graft_n or_o bud_n whereby_o to_o know_v the_o kind_n of_o the_o fruit_n and_o if_o any_o be_v steal_v they_o may_v thereby_o be_v know_v stock_n be_v find_v again_o it_o be_v do_v with_o the_o point_n of_o a_o penknife_n cut_v through_o the_o bark_n the_o form_n of_o a_o letter_n or_o any_o other_o figure_n or_o character_n whereby_o to_o know_v the_o kind_n of_o fruit_n and_o so_o much_o for_o inoculate_v bud_n of_o fruit_n tree_n the_o choice_n of_o right_a kind_n of_o graft_n stock_n and_o stock_n and_o the_o join_n of_o they_o together_o according_a to_o their_o nature_n be_v so_o necessary_a and_o some_o observation_n about_o they_o be_v so_o essential_a to_o the_o work_n of_o profitable_a plant_n that_o except_o they_o be_v know_v and_o practise_v man_n loose_a much_o of_o the_o profit_n they_o may_v have_v if_o right_o observe_v a_o few_o special_a direction_n in_o any_o art_n though_o consist_v but_o of_o few_o line_n contain_v â—he_n principle_n and_o essential_a part_n be_v better_o and_o more_o to_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o art_n then_o great_a volume_n upon_o the_o same_o subject_a when_o man_n as_o many_o do_v rove_v about_o upon_o unnecessary_a thing_n and_o strange_a fancy_n without_o any_o solid_a ground_n beside_o the_o life_n of_o the_o business_n if_o man_n miss_v the_o principle_n and_o essential_o of_o a_o art_n they_o discourse_v of_o it_o to_o little_a purpose_n so_o also_o in_o the_o practice_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v many_o time_n fall_v out_o that_o some_o man_n have_v labour_v much_o and_o spend_v much_o time_n and_o cost_n in_o
seed_n and_o stone_n about_o a_o handful_n deep_a or_o less_o and_o after_o rake_v they_o all_o over_o and_o that_o none_o may_v be_v leave_v uncover_v sift_v some_o small_a mould_n with_o a_o sieve_n or_o besprinkle_v it_o with_o a_o spade_n all_o over_o they_o and_o so_o let_v they_o rest_v all_o winter_n mouse_n and_o careful_o observe_v that_o mouse_n devour_v not_o the_o seed_n in_o winter_n if_o you_o perceive_v it_o set_v trap_n and_o lay_v ratsbane_n to_o destroy_v they_o though_o you_o can_v see_v the_o mouse_n yet_o if_o they_o have_v be_v there_o as_o common_o they_o be_v it_o may_v be_v perceive_v by_o divers_a small_a hole_n up_o and_o down_o the_o seed-beed_n where_o they_o have_v devour_v the_o seed_n and_o some_o husk_n will_v lie_v above_o ground_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n let_v they_o be_v weed_v from_o time_n to_o time_n clean_a and_o if_o the_o weather_n be_v dry_a let_v they_o be_v water_v now_o and_o then_o and_o they_o will_v make_v a_o growth_n the_o same_o year_n according_a to_o the_o strength_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o ground_n wherein_o they_o grow_v plant_n come_v of_o seed_n or_o stone_n be_v far_o better_o than_o sucker_n from_o root_n of_o tree_n although_o such_o be_v good_a and_o useful_a for_o stock_n also_o if_o they_o have_v good_a root_n in_o weed_n the_o young_a seed-plant_n some_o will_v come_v up_o with_o the_o weed_n set_v they_o again_o almost_o to_o the_o top_n than_o water_n they_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o autumn_n when_o they_o have_v do_v grow_v let_v they_o be_v transplant_v into_o other_o bed_n of_o ground_n prepare_v for_o that_o purpose_n thus_o let_v the_o ground_n be_v dig_v and_o cast_v into_o square_a plot_n or_o long_a plot_n as_o you_o will_v and_o lay_v level_a with_o a_o rake_n than_o set_v the_o young_a seed-plant_n therein_o in_o this_o manner_n have_v cast_v up_o the_o border_n handsome_o on_o each_o side_n stretch_v a_o line_n from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o then_o take_v a_o setting-stick_a that_o be_v a_o hard_a piece_n of_o wood_n about_o a_o yard_n long_o with_o a_o handle_n at_o the_o top_n and_o make_v sharp_a at_o the_o end_n or_o point_v with_o iron_n and_o thrust_v it_o into_o the_o ground_n half_o a_o foot_n deep_a or_o according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o root_n close_o to_o the_o line_n and_o make_v hole_n all_o along_o from_o one_o end_n of_o the_o line_n to_o the_o other_o about_o half_a a_o foot_n or_o more_o as_o you_o will_v in_o distance_n and_o have_v prepare_v the_o seed-plant_n by_o cut_v of_o all_o the_o side_n twig_n and_o the_o end_n or_o bottom_n of_o the_o root_n set_v they_o in_o order_n in_o the_o hole_n to_o the_o top_n of_o their_o root_n and_o close_o the_o mould_n about_o they_o draw_v the_o big_a first_o and_o set_v they_o by_o themselves_o and_o the_o least_o by_o themselves_o then_o take_v up_o the_o line_n and_o stretch_v it_o again_o about_o a_o foot_n from_o the_o other_o plant_n and_o make_v hole_n and_o prune_v 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transplant_v all_o young_a seed-plant_n seed-plant_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o get_v good_a root_n which_o of_o themselves_o thrust_v down_o one_o single_a root_n for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o be_v grow_v two_o or_o three_o year_n after_o inoculate_v or_o graft_v they_o be_v fit_a to_o transplant_v to_o make_v orchard_n or_o into_o field_n and_o hedge_n at_o a_o competent_a distance_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v when_o i_o speak_v of_o set_v tree_n thus_o man_n may_v in_o a_o few_o year_n prepare_v multitude_n of_o young_a tree_n for_o themselves_o and_o other_o to_o give_v or_o sell_v as_o they_o please_v some_o procure_v crabstock_n from_o the_o wood_n and_o set_v they_o to_o graft_v on_o have_v grow_v a_o year_n or_o two_o but_o these_o stock_n be_v not_o so_o good_a as_o those_o that_o come_v of_o seed_n we_o see_v by_o continual_a experience_n many_o be_v deceive_v by_o they_o though_o some_o may_v do_v well_o and_o further_o observe_v summer_n not_o only_o to_o remove_v all_o seed-plant_n as_o before_o but_o let_v it_o be_v do_v the_o next_o autumn_n or_o winter_n let_v they_o have_v but_o one_o summer_n growth_n from_o the_o seed_n before_o they_o be_v remove_v to_o be_v prepare_v in_o the_o nursery_n unless_o they_o be_v very_o small_a for_o there_o be_v advantage_n in_o it_o above_o those_o that_o grow_v where_o they_o be_v sow_v two_o or_o three_o year_n before_o remove_v for_o these_o small_a seed-plant_n be_v not_o only_o easy_o draw_v up_o and_o easy_o set_v again_o with_o a_o small_a setting-instrument_n but_o also_o their_o root_n be_v but_o short_a they_o take_v root_n and_o spread_v their_o root_n near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o ground_n they_o be_v easy_o take_v up_o and_o remove_v after_o graft_v have_v grow_v three_o or_o four_o year_n or_o more_o year_n whereas_o such_o as_o grow_v two_o or_o three_o year_n upon_o the_o seed_n bed_n before_o remove_v they_o thrust_v their_o root_n very_o deep_a in_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v not_o only_o hard_a to_o be_v draw_v up_o but_o likewise_o their_o root_n when_o set_v again_o must_v of_o necessity_n though_o a_o great_a part_n be_v cut_v off_o be_v thrust_v down_o very_o deep_a into_o the_o earth_n and_o then_o such_o spread_v their_o root_n deep_a for_o they_o thrust_v their_o young_a root_n from_o the_o low_a part_n where_o the_o root_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o so_o they_o neither_o have_v so_o good_a nourishment_n from_o the_o earth_n as_o spread_v below_o the_o best_a soil_n nor_o be_v they_o so_o easy_o to_o be_v transplant_v when_o they_o be_v ready_a as_o those_o other_o which_o be_v draw_v the_o first_o year_n and_o set_v very_o small_a as_o before_o this_o be_v very_o considerable_a and_o therefore_o observe_v it_o i_o undergo_v great_a inconvenience_n when_o i_o come_v to_o remove_v some_o before_o i_o find_v out_o this_o observation_n now_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o inoculate_v and_o graft_v these_o plant_n be_v thus_o prepare_v and_o grow_v fit_a first_o concern_v graft_a graft_v wherein_o we_o must_v consider_v the_o time_n february_n and_o march_n usual_o with_o most_o be_v the_o two_o chief_n month_n for_o graft_v but_o we_o may_v begin_v soon_o and_o its_o best_a so_o to_o do_v especial_o with_o cherry_n and_o plum_n graft_v if_o the_o weather_n be_v open_a without_o frost_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o january_n or_o in_o december_n yea_o i_o have_v graft_v some_o with_o good_a success_n in_o november_n and_o soon_o but_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o january_n we_o may_v begin_v if_o frost_n hinder_v not_o and_o such_o as_o have_v multitude_n to_o engraft_v must_v needs_o begin_v early_o else_o they_o will_v want_v time_n graft_n of_o cherry_n and_o plum-tree_n must_v be_v graft_v soon_o because_o they_o bud_v soon_o and_o begin_v with_o they_o ere_o they_o begin_v to_o bud_v forth_o and_o then_o with_o pear-tree_n and_o appletree_n graft_n of_o any_o kind_n may_v be_v get_v and_o keep_v many_o day_n grafâ—s_n or_o many_o week_n the_o one_o half_a in_o length_n be_v cover_v with_o mould_n bind_v not_o many_o together_o for_o if_o so_o those_o in_o the_o middle_n will_v dry_v and_o be_v spoil_v in_o certain_a day_n but_o lay_v they_o thin_a in_o the_o mould_n or_o they_o may_v be_v graft_v immediate_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v get_v graft_v none_o but_o those_o of_o one_o year_n growth_n only_o the_o last_o year_n sprout_v the_o fair_a and_o thick_a be_v best_a they_o may_v be_v carry_v many_o mile_n be_v bind_v up_o close_o from_o end_n to_o end_v in_o a_o hayband_n or_o better_a in_o a_o box_n of_o mould_n or_o their_o end_n stick_v in_o clay_n and_o wrap_v about_o that_o they_o bruise_v not_o graft_v that_o this_o work_n
may_v the_o more_o effectual_o be_v do_v we_o must_v have_v fit_a tool_n and_o instrument_n for_o that_o purpose_n first_o a_o good_a sharp_a knife_n and_o strong_a to_o cut_v off_o the_o top_n of_o stock_n a_o neat_a sharp_a see_v to_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o some_o stock_n which_o be_v grow_v too_o big_a for_o the_o knife_n also_o a_o little_a mallet_n and_o wedg_n to_o cleave_v the_o big_a stock_n a_o small_a penknife_n to_o cut_v the_o graft_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o anon_o and_o keep_v it_o very_o sharp_a for_o this_o purpose_n only_o there_o must_v be_v likewise_o clay_n prepare_v with_o horse-dung_n well_o mix_v together_o as_o mortar_n about_o two_o part_n clay_n and_o rush_n best_a or_o strong_a soft_a flag_n to_o bind_v together_o the_o graft_n and_o the_o stock_n with_o a_o small_a hand-basket_n to_o carry_v the_o graft_n in_o with_o all_o the_o instrument_n for_o the_o work_n work_n have_v these_o thing_n in_o a_o readiness_n the_o time_n be_v come_v go_v to_o the_o stock_n that_o be_v ready_a small_a or_o great_a and_o those_o that_o be_v small_a about_o the_o bigness_n of_o one_o little_a finger_n which_o be_v of_o a_o competent_a bigness_n and_o we_o lose_v no_o time_n in_o make_v use_n of_o they_o graft_v they_o in_o this_o manner_n if_o they_o be_v cherry-stock_n or_o plum-stock_n to_o make_v wall-tree_n of_o graft_v they_o low_o within_o half_a a_o foot_n or_o less_o of_o the_o ground_n but_o if_o they_o be_v for_o standard_n then_o graft_v they_o a_o ell_n or_o yard_n and_o half_a high_a if_o the_o stock_n be_v of_o a_o convenient_a bigness_n of_o that_o height_n else_o graft_v they_o low_o where_o they_o be_v of_o a_o competent_a bigness_n 1._o cut_a off_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n in_o some_o smooth_a on_o straight_a place_n that_o may_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o straightness_n of_o the_o graft_n when_o set_v on_o then_o prepare_v the_o graft_n thus_o observe_v which_o side_n be_v straight_a at_o the_o bottom_n or_o big_a end_n that_o so_o it_o may_v fit_v the_o straight_a part_n of_o the_o stock_n when_o set_v on_o then_o cut_v one_o side_n only_o of_o the_o graft_n down_o aslope_o about_o a_o inch_n long_o or_o little_o more_o either_o from_o the_o knot_n or_o seam_n former_a if_o the_o part_n below_o it_o be_v smooth_a and_o straight_o or_o else_o from_o a_o bud_n or_o from_o any_o part_n and_o cut_v through_o the_o bark_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cut_a place_n and_o make_v it_o like_o a_o shouldier_n that_o it_o may_v rest_v just_a upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n but_o cut_v not_o this_o shoulder_n too_o deep_a only_o through_o the_o bark_n or_o little_o more_o but_o cut_v the_o graft_n thin_a at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cut_a place_n yet_o leave_v on_o all_o the_o bark_n on_o the_o opposite_a side_n make_v this_o cut_n smooth_a and_o even_a from_o the_o top_n of_o it_o to_o the_o bottom_n without_o dint_n or_o ridge_n which_o be_v of_o special_a concernment_n that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o join_v close_o to_o the_o stock_n the_o graft_n be_v thus_o prepare_v then_o go_v on_o to_o prepare_v the_o stick_n further_o lay_v the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o graft_n upon_o the_o straight_a side_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o measure_v just_a the_o length_n of_o the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o graft_n and_o with_o a_o knife_n take_v away_o so_o much_o of_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n course_n but_o cut_v not_o any_o of_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o stock_n then_o lay_v the_o cut_a side_n of_o the_o graft_n upon_o the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o let_v the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o graft_n reâ—t_v direct_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n so_o that_o the_o cut_v part_n of_o both_o may_v join_v even_o and_o smooth_a all_o along_o and_o so_o bind_v they_o together_o close_o with_o some_o strong_a rush_n or_o flag_n then_o clay_n they_o lay_v on_o every_o side_n and_o a_o inch_n above_o and_o as_o much_o below_o some_o of_o the_o clay_n prepare_v as_o before_o close_o it_o above_o and_o below_o and_o on_o every_o side_n that_o no_o rain_n get_v in_o and_o that_o be_v all_o needs_o to_o be_v do_v for_o that_o time_n this_o i_o account_v the_o best_a way_n of_o graft_v for_o divers_a reason_n 1._o first_o because_o in_o this_o way_n of_o graft_v we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o the_o stock_n divers_a year_n before_o they_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o graft_v in_o the_o cleft_n by_o this_o way_n of_o graft_v the_o tree_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o bear_v before_o they_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o graft_v the_o other_o way_n 2._o second_o this_o kind_n of_o graft_v be_v less_o hurt_n both_o to_o the_o stock_n and_o graft_n for_o cleave_v the_o stock_n be_v danger_n and_o hurt_v to_o it_o be_v cleave_v as_o it_o must_v in_o the_o middle_n to_o the_o very_a heart_n whereas_o in_o this_o way_n of_o graft_v it_o remain_v whole_a and_o entire_a save_v only_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o bark_n take_v off_o and_o as_o for_o the_o graft_n in_o cleft-grafting_a it_o must_v be_v cut_v on_o both_o side_n to_o the_o heart_n and_o make_v thin_a but_o in_o slice_v or_o pack_v on_o it_o must_v be_v cut_v only_o on_o one_o side_n and_o so_o less_o hurtful_a to_o the_o graft_n 3._o three_o when_o stock_n be_v cleave_v if_o they_o be_v somewhat_o great_a common_o the_o rain_n and_o aire_n get_v into_o the_o cleave_a and_o rot_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o stock_n before_o the_o graft_n can_v grow_v over_o to_o cover_v the_o head_n of_o it_o which_o be_v not_o incident_a in_o this_o way_n of_o graft_v 4._o four_o this_o way_n of_o graft_v be_v much_o more_o easy_a to_o do_v and_o more_o sure_a to_o take_v and_o grow_v then_o graft_v in_o the_o cleave_a for_o the_o graft_n &_o stock_n join_v more_o close_a and_o exact_o then_o can_v be_v in_o cleave_v the_o stock_n 5._o as_o this_o way_n be_v easy_o do_v and_o more_o sure_a so_o also_o be_v it_o more_o speedy_o do_v than_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o graft_v whip-grafting_a second_o there_o be_v another_o way_n of_o graft_v small_a stock_n such_o as_o be_v but_o just_a as_o big_a as_o the_o graft_n you_o mean_v to_o set_v on_o and_o those_o stock_n be_v prepare_v thus_o the_o top_n be_v cut_v off_o over_o against_o a_o smooth_a straight_a place_n as_o before_z the_o bark_n of_o it_o must_v not_o only_o be_v cut_v but_o also_o the_o wood_n quite_o through_o to_o the_o back_n side_n of_o it_o at_o the_o top_n direct_o like_a as_o the_o graft_n be_v cut_v as_o be_v say_v in_o length_n as_o much_o as_o the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o graft_n the_o manner_n of_o cut_v the_o graft_n for_o this_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o former_n than_o lie_v the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o graft_n upon_o the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o let_v the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n even_o the_o very_a bark_n of_o the_o outside_n be_v direct_o under_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o graft_n that_o so_o the_o cut_a part_n both_o of_o graft_n and_o stock_n may_v join_v and_o answer_v one_o another_o from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o so_o bind_v and_o clay_n they_o as_o before_o three_o there_o be_v another_o way_n of_o graft_v general_o practise_v graft_v though_o not_o so_o sure_o away_o as_o the_o two_o former_a and_o yet_o a_o better_a way_n for_o great_a stock_n for_o none_o but_o small_a stock_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o two_o former_a way_n it_o be_v thus_o those_o stock_n that_o be_v large_a three_o or_o four_o inch_n in_o compass_n must_v be_v cleave_v the_o top_n be_v cut_v off_o in_o a_o straight_o smooth_a place_n cut_v the_o roughness_n of_o the_o top_n smooth_a with_o a_o sharp_a knife_n then_o knock_v in_o a_o strong_a knife_n or_o chissel_n a_o very_a little_a beside_o the_o pith_n and_o if_o it_o be_v capable_a but_o of_o one_o graft_n then_o be_v sure_a to_o cleave_v it_o on_o that_o side_n that_o be_v smooth_a and_o straight_o if_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o two_o as_o it_o be_v if_o it_o be_v about_o a_o ell_n high_a and_o a_o strong_a stock_n than_o he_o careful_a to_o choose_v both_o side_n smooth_a be_v cleave_v with_o the_o knife_n and_o a_o wedg_n of_o box_n or_o other_o hard_a wood_n knock_v in_o to_o keep_v it_o open_v then_o prepare_v the_o graft_n or_o graft_n you_o mean_v to_o put_v in_o cut_v both_o side_n of_o the_o graft_n aslope_o down_o from_o the_o knot_n or_o seam_n if_o it_o be_v straight_o or_o else_o from_o a_o bud_n about_o a_o inch_n or_o little_a more_o shoulder_z both_o side_n of_o the_o graft_n as_o be_v say_v of_o one_o side_n for_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o graft_v and_o make_v it_o
kind_n of_o mulberry-tree_n with_o we_o in_o england_n the_o black_a and_o the_o white_a as_o for_o the_o white_a i_o never_o see_v any_o of_o its_o fruit_n they_o very_o seldom_o bear_v well_o with_o we_o but_o the_o black_a mulberry-tree_n never_o fail_v of_o fruit_n after_o it_o be_v grow_v up_o these_o tree_n be_v not_o increase_v by_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v but_o by_o cut_n from_o the_o branch_n or_o side_n of_o the_o tree_n cut_v a_o bow_n off_o as_o big_a as_o a_o man_n arm_n and_o after_o cut_v it_o in_o small_a truncheon_n or_o piece_n a_o yard_n long_o or_o less_o lay_v these_o small_a and_o great_a in_o the_o ground_n a_o foot_n deep_a only_o the_o one_o end_n out_o of_o the_o ground_n a_o hand_n breadth_n or_o two_o or_o there_o about_o in_o good_a fat_a ground_n somewhat_o moist_a and_o after_o a_o year_n or_o two_o didivers_a young_a spring_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o root_n and_o plant_v at_o a_o fit_a distance_n and_o the_o old_a root_n will_v yearly_o send_v out_o more_o also_o the_o branch_n may_v be_v bow_v down_o and_o lay_v in_o the_o earth_n on_o one_o or_o several_a side_n which_o will_v take_v root_n and_o multiply_v abudant_o and_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v transplant_v meddler_n meddler_n may_v be_v graft_v and_o they_o take_v well_o upon_o a_o white_a thorn_n but_o i_o much_o rather_o approve_v the_o graft_a or_o inoculate_v of_o they_o upon_o pear-stock_n and_o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v much_o better_a and_o the_o tree_n much_o large_a than_o upon_o whitethorn_n walnut-tree_n be_v propagate_v from_o the_o nut_n walnut_n which_o may_v be_v set_v from_o the_o time_n of_o ripeness_n until_o the_o spring_n a_o inch_n deep_a or_o little_o more_o and_o afterward_o transplant_v and_o set_v at_o a_o very_a great_a distance_n 24._o or_o 30._o yard_n asunder_o for_o they_o be_v very_o large_a spread_a tree_n but_o if_o they_o be_v plant_v on_o the_o north_n or_o east-side_n for_o shelter_n than_o set_v they_o near_o be_v sure_a to_o choose_v of_o the_o best_a nut_n to_o set_v the_o fair_a nut_n and_o thin_a shell_n and_o good_a bearer_n thus_o much_o brief_o concern_v the_o best_a bear_v tree_n and_o how_o they_o be_v propagate_v as_o for_o those_o fruit-tree_n which_o bear_v but_o little_a or_o no_o fruit_n bearer_n by_o reason_n that_o graft_n and_o bud_n be_v not_o choose_v from_o good_a bear_v kind_n wherewith_o they_o be_v engraft_v i_o advise_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v such_o again_o though_o great_a and_o old_a tree_n such_o who_o bough_n be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o man_n hand_n wrist_n or_o small_a may_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o graft_v in_o the_o cleave_v with_o a_o couple_n of_o good_a graft_n of_o good_a bear_v kind_n but_o such_o branch_n as_o be_v very_o great_a i_o shall_v rather_o cut_v off_o a_o convenient_a height_n from_o the_o ground_n slope-wise_a that_o no_o wet_a may_v rest_v on_o the_o top_n and_o then_o after_o a_o year_n or_o two_o to_o graft_v the_o small_a shoot_n or_o branch_n that_o be_v put_v forth_o or_o some_o of_o they_o this_o be_v a_o better_a course_n then_o to_o graft_v such_o great_a branch_n for_o that_o moisture_n will_v get_v into_o the_o top_n and_o rot_v the_o branch_n and_o perhaps_o the_o body_n too_o ere_o the_o graft_n can_v cover_v such_o great_a head_n tree_n as_o concern_v arbour_n seat_n etc._n etc._n in_o orchard_n and_o garden_n i_o advise_v man_n to_o make_v they_o of_o fruit-tree_n rather_o than_o of_o privet_fw-la or_o other_o ramble_a stuff_n which_o yield_v no_o profit_n but_o only_o for_o shade_n if_o you_o make_v they_o of_o cherrytree_n plum-tree_n or_o the_o like_a there_o will_v be_v the_o same_o advantage_n for_o shade_n and_o all_o the_o fruit_n superad_v all_o that_o can_v be_v object_v be_v that_o fruit-tree_n be_v long_o in_o grow_v up_o then_o privet_fw-la virgin-bower_n or_o the_o like_a whereof_o arbour_n be_v common_o make_v it_o be_v answer_v though_o fruit_n tree_n be_v something_o long_o in_o cover_v a_o arbour_n than_o some_o other_o thing_n yet_o they_o make_v sufficient_a amends_o in_o their_o last_a and_o bear_v fruit_n and_o beside_o such_o cherrytree_n and_o other_o kind_n may_v be_v set_v about_o the_o arbour_n as_o will_v reach_v and_o cover_v even_o the_o first_o year_n i_o shall_v now_o give_v some_o rule_n concern_v transplant_n young_a plant_n tree_n after_o a_o year_n growth_n or_o more_o whether_o inoculate_v or_o graft_v the_o time_n for_o this_o work_n in_o general_n be_v in_o autumn_n when_o tree_n have_v do_v grow_v and_o that_o be_v divers_a week_n before_o the_o leave_v fall_v stay_v not_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v till_o november_n or_o after_o before_o you_o transplant_v for_o the_o best_a time_n be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o september_n to_o begin_v and_o so_o on_o all_o the_o winter_n it_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o remove_v plant_n betimes_o best_o for_o such_o grow_v a_o while_n after_o in_o their_o root_n before_o winter_n and_o thereby_o not_o only_o preserve_v themselves_o in_o winter_n but_o also_o make_v some_o preparation_n against_o the_o spring_n which_o those_o remove_v in_o winter_n can_v do_v stay_v not_o therefore_o till_o the_o leave_n fall_v ere_o you_o remove_v although_o they_o may_v be_v remove_v then_o with_o good_a success_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o good_a at_o that_o time_n as_o before_o the_o ancient_a proverb_n be_v if_o a_o grow_a tree_n will_v have_v let_v he_o carry_v his_o green_a leave_n to_o his_o grave_n yet_o notwithstanding_o winter_n those_o that_o have_v many_o to_o transplant_v and_o can_v finish_v or_o have_v no_o leisure_n in_o this_o season_n which_o be_v best_a they_o may_v go_v on_o and_o be_v do_v even_o all_o winter_n until_o the_o very_a spring_n unless_o frost_n shut_v up_o the_o ground_n and_o notwithstanding_o frost_n or_o snow_n all_o the_o while_n if_o we_o can_v get_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o find_v the_o mould_n mellow_a so_o as_o that_o it_o will_v fall_v well_o between_o and_o about_o the_o root_n it_o be_v then_o good_a remove_v tree_n although_o the_o best_a time_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v the_o time_n of_o remove_v be_v come_v and_o the_o place_n prepare_v for_o set_v they_o again_o then_o be_v careful_a in_o take_v up_o the_o plant_n dig_v round_o about_o they_o and_o take_v off_o the_o mould_n from_o their_o root_n if_o it_o be_v a_o small_a plant_n it_o may_v be_v draw_v up_o easy_o the_o mould_n be_v take_v away_o if_o it_o be_v great_a and_o the_o root_n spread_v much_o than_o they_o may_v be_v cut_v about_o half_a a_o yard_n from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o plant_n and_o the_o great_a it_o be_v the_o further_o off_o cut_v the_o root_n and_o so_o draw_v it_o up_o and_o break_v off_o all_o the_o leave_v the_o first_o thing_n you_o do_v if_o they_o be_v not_o then_o fall_v off_o for_o the_o sun_n and_o aire_n by_o mean_n of_o they_o extract_v the_o sap_n of_o the_o branch_n best_a and_o here_o observe_v that_o the_o great_a plant_n be_v not_o always_o best_o to_o transplant_v out_o of_o nursery_n into_o orchard_n though_o most_o man_n be_v for_o the_o great_a when_o they_o may_v choose_v and_o they_o think_v the_o big_a they_o be_v the_o soon_o they_o will_v make_v a_o orchard_n but_o herein_o they_o be_v much_o mistake_v for_o in_o remove_v great_a tree_n there_o be_v great_a hazard_n and_o many_o of_o they_o fail_v and_o die_v and_o other_o grow_v very_o poor_o put_v out_o only_o leave_v the_o first_o year_n or_o little_o more_o though_o some_o few_o in_o special_a good_a soil_n may_v do_v well_o i_o account_v young_a graft_v tree_n fit_a to_o remove_v tree_n when_o they_o be_v about_o two_o inch_n in_o compass_n in_o the_o body_n and_o about_o a_o yard_n and_o half_a or_o two_o yard_n high_a those_o about_o this_o bigness_n i_o judge_v to_o be_v better_a than_o such_o as_o be_v five_o or_o six_o inch_n or_o more_o in_o compass_n with_o a_o proportionable_a height_n because_o these_o can_v possible_o be_v transplant_v but_o their_o root_n must_v be_v cut_v very_o much_o in_o the_o take_n up_o and_o then_o how_o can_v those_o root_n so_o much_o cut_n be_v able_a to_o nourish_v so_o great_a a_o body_n with_o so_o many_o branch_n whereas_o young_a tree_n of_o a_o small_a size_n as_o before_o be_v mention_v these_o may_v be_v remove_v even_o with_o all_o their_o root_n which_o be_v young_a and_o small_a and_o may_v be_v spread_v in_o the_o earth_n every_o way_n when_o set_v again_o save_v only_o the_o end_n of_o the_o root_n must_v be_v a_o little_a cut_n and_o these_o young_a and_o tender_a root_n will_v soon_o shoot_v forth_o in_o the_o earth_n than_o the_o great_a sort_n especial_o also_o because_o