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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	foot_n	half_a	inch_n	1,859	5	11.0254	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A25366	The making of rockets in two parts, the first containing the making of rockets for the meanest capacity, the other to make rockets by a duplicate proposition, to 1000 pound weight or higher / experimentally and mathematically demonstrated, by Robert Anderson.	Anderson, Robert, fl. 1668-1696.	1696 (1696)	Wing A3105; ESTC R1638	16,468	65

stand in the Remains of Mr. Francis Deane sometime Gunner of the Tower These Compositions are Old and Common as you see they are Good Strong and dull Compositions and easily mannaged Those Compositions where Powder is judiciously mixed are more lively and so more difficult to mannage PROPOSITION V. Of the Driver of a Rocket LEt y A F G H E B y be the Driver of the Rocket A F E B a piece of a Gun Barrel F G H E O L a piece of Box or hard Wood R L O q a hole for the Needle to pass through A C D B y a piece of Box to drive upon this we call a hollow Driver it dispatches business quickly and does right well Or you may fasten a piece of Brass in the end of your Iron Driver with a hole in it to receive the Needle If any will use a solid Driver let them have the bottom of the Mould as D y Z Z Z y D with a hole passing through the bottom as Z R for a strait Piercer to pass through which bottom will be a Guide to the Piercer to be just in the middle of the Rocket make a mark in your Piercer to be a guide to bore always an equal depth then take your Rocket out of the Mould open the hole with a Taper bit and your Work is done thus you may do for all sizes of Rockets PROPOSITION VI. Of the Boring of a Rocket MAke the Diameter of your Borer one third of the Diameter of your Rocket not for any necessity but for conformity to the other parts of the Rocket from that Diameter let it be exactly Taper to a point Further there being an entrance made by the Needle it is very easie to bore the Rocket very exactly by holding the Rocket in the Left Hand and the Borer in the Right moving the Rocket in the Left Hand keeping the Borer fast in the Right Hand If you make the Diameter of the Needle one third of the Diameter of the Rocket and so Taper you need no Borer here you shall find the Rocket will rise swifter than when bored the Composition lying looser about the Needle than if it were bored takes fire easier and this is most necessary in large Rockets viz. of 3 4 or 6 Inches Diameter for such will hang too long time upon the Nails before they rise Those Rockets whose Compositions are Composed of mealed Powder Saltpetre Coal and Sulphur fill four Diameters bore two and half Those Composed of Saltpetre Coal and Sulphur fill four Diameters bore three or a little more This will hold in Rockets of 1 Inch 1½ and 2 Inches but in larger Rockets there must be less solidity to the hollow Cone of Fire I used for many years to drive my Rockets solid and to bore them after but that way did no better than these I now use and deliver but this is most certain that any one may drive and bore 3 Rockets with those hollow Drivers which I now use whilst one many finish the driving and boring of one Rocket with a solid Driver when the Rocket is near filled use a shorter Driver with a smaller hole PROPOSITION VII Of Stars for Rockets 1 1 2 2. Sulphur 2 3 3 2. Antimony 4 6 8 6. Saltpetre Meal these Ingredients fine pass them through a Sieve mix them with Water in which some Glue or Gum Araback or Gum Dragon hath been dissolved make them of the bigness of a Hazle Nut or small Wallnut roul them in meal Powder when dryed they are fit for use Rockets are headed with small Serpents their Orifices washed with mealed Powder and Brandy Wine to take Fire Of Rain and Hail TAke any of those Receipts for Stars viz. 1 Sulphur 2 Antimony and 4 Saltpetre if you moisten that Composition with Oil of Petre only made well into Paste formed into little Globes rowled into mealed Powder such Stars will have Red Colour the same Composition moistned with Linseed Oil will have a Red mixed with White the same Composition mixed with Oil of Petre and Linseed Oil mixed together will make an Amethist Fi●e All these will require a long time a drying the best time is to make them in the Summer The same Composition mixed with Gum Araback Water and Colophone gives a Red Yellowish Fire The former Composition moistned with Brandy and Oil of Petre or Linseed Oil mixed together requires less drying Powder of Glass Powder made of Sawdust mixed with the former Composition gives different Fire Coal dust instead of Antimony all which you may govern by your own Reason Take the Old Proverb So many Men so many Minds PROPOSITION VIII To Head a Rocket TUrn a piece of Wood just so big as your Rocket is with a Cone at one end thereof paste a piece of strong Paper about the Wood then paste another piece of Paper about the Cone and paste both Papers together then put your Stars into this Paper Vessel with some Rocket Composition to break the Vessel then put a little Paste a little within the sides of this Paper Vessel then draw it upon your Rocket and paste it to the Rocket so your Work is done PROPOSITION IX Of the Sticking of Rockets THE Stick of a Rocket ought to be seven times the length of the Rocket or more viz. a Rocket of an Inch and half six Diameters thereof the length of the Rocket is nine Inches seven times nine is sixty three Inches that is five Foot three Inches The breadth of the Stick at the Head three quarters of an Inch or less the thickness half an Inch or less the small end of the Stick three eighths of an Inch and square and to be made of light Deal such a Stick will do very well and may be counted Custom without Demonstration In the Winter 1695. there were two sets of Fire works in the first of which the Wind was Northward and the Rockets in their rising worked into the Wind. In the second the Wind was Westward and had the same effect as the first the Reason was because the Stick was to heavy at the upper end and too light at the lower and so the Center of Gravity of the Rocket and Stick was too near the Rocket when indeed the Center of Gravity should be in the middle betwixt the lower end of the Stick and upper end of the Rocket and to do which the bigger end of the Stick ought to be downward by this means a lighter Stick would serve and if the Wind did drive the Rocket the Rocket would move less and yet perpendicular to the Horizon Nature it self has taught us the same for all Birds especially Birds of a swift flight spread their Tails for their Guide Sticks of Rockets ought to be one to another as the length and Diameters of the respective Rockets that is as the Diametre 1½ Inch is to the thickness of its Stick so is 4 Inches the Diameter of a 4 Inch Rocket to the thickness of its

right Angled Triangle E D A. Radius 90 10.000000 Tangent 78 10.672525 A D 165 2.217484 D E 776.22 2.889989 D B 388.11 As the Sine of the double of the Elevation 407 2.609594 Is to Radius 1000 3.000000 So is the Horizontal distance at 78 deg 330 2.518514 To the greatest Range in the Parabola 810.8 2.908920 Half of the greatest Range is the Perpend hight desired 405.4 So then the greatest height of that 6 Inches Rocket in its flight was three hundred eighty and eight Yards had it been put Perpendicular its height would have been four hundred and five Yards The flight of Rockets does sufficiently well agree with that of the Parabola at each end of the Quadrant but towards 45 degrees it differs more A Rocket of an Inch and half Diameter filled 5 Diameters and bored two and a half and a little more with this Composition viz. 8 Powder-dust 6 Salt-petre 2½ Coal and 1 Sulphur and layed to 30 degrees of Elevation Ranged the Rocket 880 Yards that is half a Mile To make Rockets to Swim upon the Water Dive into the Water and keep above the Water An Example of an Inch Rocket MAke the Case 12 Diameters which will be in this Example 12 Inches fill it with two Compositions viz a Weaker and a Stronger fill 2 Inches with the Weaker Compsition then 1½ with the Strong then 2 with the Weak 1½ with the Strong Lastly 2 Inches with the Weak then there will remain 3 Inches for Corn Powder for the Report The Weak Composition to Swim above Water take 3 of meal Powder 1 of Coal The Strong Composition to Dive under the Water and leap above the Water take 8 of mealed Powder 1 of Saltpetre and 1 of Coal To divide the Driver FRom the lower end of your Driver set off 3 Inches then 2 Inches then 1 ● then 2 Inches then 1½ Lastly 2 Inches make the Rockets of a just length and so you may see the Divisions of the Driver appear above the Case as you fill The Use. FIre the Rocket in your Hand with with your Port-fire through it into a deep Water otherwise it will stick in the Mud it will Swim a little while but when the Strong Composition takes fire it will Dive and when the Strong Composition is spent it will jump up c. The Weak Composition being the last the Rocket for some time will Swim upon the Water and then give a Report This Rocket is all Solid To make a Rocket Charger LET the length of the Charger E G be one Diameter and half the breadth of the Charger H Z one Diameter and one third the length of the Neck of the Charger that slippeth upon the Handle B C two Diameters the breadth of that Ferril A B one third of the Diameter of the Rocket betwixt eight or nine of these Charges will fill a Rocket 4 Diameters You may cut the Charger A B C D H G Z A in Paper then it may be made in Copper Close A to D and B to C Sodder both ends together bring H G Z into more than half a round and A B and C D in a round put it then upon a Handle then it is fit for use To make good Coal for Rockets TAke pieces of a light dry Deal Board about 12 Inches in length and about the thickness of 2 Fingers or less put them into an Oven put fire to the Wood when they are burned enough take them out and put them into an Iron Brass or Eathern Pot close it well with a Cover that it takes no Air the Fire being extinguished beat it and pass it through a fine Sieve then it is fit for use If the Wood be not well burnt put it into the Oven again and so repeat your Work such Coal will make a Rocket fly very lively if not with two much Life Compositions for Reports   A B C D 〈…〉 Saltpetre 9. 4. 3. 2. Salt of Tartar 3. 3. 2. 1. Sulphur 1. 2. 1. 1. Take Sulphur 1 Tartar 3 and Salt-petre 9 grind these well together and dry them A few Grains of this Powder being fired will give as great a Clap as a Musket when it is discharged Dr. French pag. 171. Take any of these Ingredients under A B C or D mix them well together put a little quantity of that mixture into a Fire-Pan set it upon the Fire and in a little time it will give a great Report A further use of the Tables WHat is done in the 14 and 15 Propositions by taking the Cubes of the Diameter of the Bores of the Rockets may be done by the Tables in 2 and 3 or Tab 4. Thus look in the first Column for the Diameters of the Rockets viz. 2½ and 4 and against them in Column 2 and 3 I find 2 Pounds and 4 Ounces and 9 Pounds divide the greater Number by the lesser the Quotient will be 4 near enough so the Ratio of these two Rockets are as 4 to 1 and this is by the weight of the Rockets In the other Example I find 4 and 6 in the first Column and against them 〈…〉 Column 4 I find 76 and 256 Ounces of Composition for these two Rockets then divide the greater by the lesser the Quotient will be 3 and more which is the same thing as if you made use of the Cubes of their Diameters for indeed these Tables are made by the Cubes of the respective Diameters A Conclusion IF any one presumes to say they have Resolved the 14. Proposition before the Publication of this they might have been so kind as to put it into Practice for the Defence of the Nation If any say they can do it I desire them so to do That I may see my desires accomplished viz. Great Guns and their Carriages truly fortified and neatly made which would be great satisfaction however this may shew to the next Age what has been offered to this Iuly 25. 1696. FINIS