Selected quad for the lemma: end_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	foot_n	half_a	inch_n	1,859	5	11.0254	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09729	The nevve and admirable arte of setting of corne with all the necessarie tooles and other circumstances belonging to the same: the particular titles whereof, are set downe in the page following.	Plat, Hugh, Sir, 1552-1611?	1600 (1600)	STC 19993.5; ESTC S103552	18,282	34

digging of your grounde you shall turne vppe such moulde as hath not spent his strength in the former croppe the fruite whereof you shall find in the next haruest And heere I must of necessitie acknowledge that M. Tauerner in his Booke of Experiments concerning Fish and Fruit being of this yeares date hath bereaued mee of one of my best obseruations in Orchard groundes the ignorance whereof I hold to bee one of the speciall and principall causes that so many of our English Orchards do neuer yeeld fruite answerable to our charge and trauell the secret whereof is this brieflie Euerie ground hath naturallie an vpper crust of earth which by the liuelie and viuifying heate of the Sunne the comfortable nature of the Aire together with the congelatiue part of the raine for so M. Bernard Palissie termeth it being the first Author of a fift element which often falleth vpon the ground is made more rich and fruitefull than all the residue of the earth besides which vpper crust in some ground is a foot in some two and in some three foot deepe and in some not aboue halfe a foot And vnder the same vpper crust is eyther a hote chalke a drie sand a barren grauell or a cold leane claie or lome or such like It is therefore requisite that you set your young trees in such sort as that the rootes may runne and spreade within that vpper crust and if you set them deeper they may happily grow but neuer bring forth fruit in any plentifull manner nay though the earth should consist of one and the selfe same veine and of one colour and nature in shewe yet because the Sun doth not giue his impression nor digestion vnto the earth but to a certaine depth which I guesse not much to exceede two foote you shall finde that all the rest of the mould vnder that depth wil be leane and hungrie not hauing anie strength or fatnes in it And this is the reason why such earth as hath beene digged out of vaultes and Cellers not hauing receiued anie life or comfort from the Sunne beames though of neuer so blacke and rich moulde in outward apparance if it be spread vpon garden grounds doth make them vtterly barren and vnfruitfull That which is heere spoken of Orchard groundes I would haue all wise and skilfull husband-men to applie also to their Corne groundes that in anie case they neuer digge deeper with the Spade then the strength of the ground will beare and so by their ignorance discredite a work and practise of so great expectation Now concerning the laying of your groundes eyther in ridges and furrowes or in a declining leuell whereby the raine maie haue a sufficient conueyance after they haue once receiued their due moisture from the cloudes this resteth in the discretion of the husbandman who best knoweth the moisture or drynesse of his owne groundes and accordingly may giue such a current vnto them as may best fit the seueral natures of each ground or soyle And heere I may not omit that ease and speed in breaking vp of groundes which some of our late practisers haue found out by making the first entrance with a deepe cutting plough and then pursuing the same with the spade whereby much charge labour and expence of time is auoided CHAP. 4. The seuerall instruments for making the holes for the graine and couering them IT is an olde saying that handes were made before kniues and I doubt not but the same may aswell be verified in tooles For to my rememberance the first man that euer attempted the setting of corne made the first holes with his finger But this course being afterwards found to be very long and tedious an instrument was deuised hauing many teeth or pinnes like a rake with a staffe fastened in the middest of the backside thereof which being thrust into the ground did at one instant make twelue or twentie holes more or lesse according to the number of teeth or pinnes therein Afterwardes this toole was also disliked as not making sufficient riddance of ground and in place thereof a boord of three foote or thereabout in length and twelue or ten inches in breadth was thought vpon hauing diuers holes boared therein according to such distance as euery particular man best fansied through each of which holes a wodden dibber or pinne was thrust into the ground being of the bignesse of ones finger and of three or foure inches in length hauing a shoulder or hole with a crosse pin to keepe one selfe same certaintie in the depth of each hole The last deuise that as yet hath come to my view but now reiected because in the drawing out of so many pinnes the holes doe choake is a boord of the same largenes with the former driuen full of round pinnes of three or foure inches deepe within the boord and placed each from other in equall distance by a true proportion which at one impression maketh so many receptacles for the corne as there bee pinnes in the boord These boords are directed by a Gardiners line first strained to some reasonable length or by the eye and thereby a straight course is kept in the setting When each hole hath receiued a corne then must you rake ouer the ground to fill vp those holes with earth againe and during all the time of setting and raking you must stand or kneele vpon one of your boords which you must remoue from place to place as your setting and raking from time to time requires Heere for the satisfaction of the simple I haue thought good also to set downe the length of your boordes together with the true boaring of them betweene each hole and therefore if you haue fiue inches distance then may you in a boord of ten inches broad make two rowes of holes the first and last hole being two inches and a halfe from each side and if the length thereof be two foote and eleuen inches then may it well containe two rowes of holes hauing seuen holes in euerie rowe the first and last hole being distant from each end two inches and a halfe and when the ends or sides of two such boords so bored shall bee laid together they will make a true continuance of one selfe same skantling and distance of fiue inches through all your workes if you worke vpon foure inches then leaue at each side and end of your boord two inches and so in a boord of three foote in length and one foote in breadth you shall haue nine holes in each row one way and three holes the other way And it is to be remembred that euerie two workemen whereof the one maketh the holes and the other setteth the graine must haue two boords to work vpon and yet some be of opinion that one man may performe both the works CHAP. 5. At what depth and distance your corne must be set I Haue beene enformed that the obseruation of three inches deepe and three inches distance hath brought forth 30. quarters