holes_n as_o will_v most_o convenient_o for_o height_n fit_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o board_n then_o the_o fence_n of_o of_o the_o blow_n be_v set_v to_o that_o distance_n off_o the_o iron-plate_n of_o the_o blow_n that_o you_o intend_v the_o groove_n shall_v lie_v off_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o board_n as_o if_o you_o will_v have_v the_o groove_n lie_v half_o a_o inch_n off_o the_o board_n than_o the_o two_o staff_n must_v with_o the_o mallet_n be_v knock_v through_o the_o mortess_n in_o the_o stock_n till_o the_o fence_n stand_v half_o a_o inch_n off_o the_o iron_n plate_n and_o if_o the_o staff_n be_v fit_v stiff_o enough_o in_o the_o mortess_n of_o the_o stock_n it_o will_v keep_v at_o that_o distance_n whilst_o you_o plough_v the_o groove_n for_o the_o fence_n lie_v low_a than_o the_o iron_n of_o the_o plane_n when_o you_o set_v the_o iron_n of_o the_o blow_n upon_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o board_n will_v lie_v flat_a against_o the_o far_a edge_n of_o the_o board_n and_o so_o keep_v the_o iron_n of_o the_o plough_v all_o the_o length_n of_o the_o board_n at_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o board_n that_o the_o iron_n of_o the_o blow_n have_v from_o the_o fence_n therefore_o your_o blow_n be_v thus_o fit_v plough_v the_o groove_n as_o you_o work_v with_o other_o plane_n only_o as_o you_o lay_v hold_v on_o the_o stock_n of_o other_o plane_n when_o you_o use_v they_o now_o you_o must_v lay_v hold_v of_o the_o two_o staff_n and_o their_o shoulder_n and_o so_o thrust_v your_o blow_n forward_o till_o your_o groove_n be_v make_v to_o your_o depth_n if_o the_o staff_n go_v not_o stiff_a enough_o in_o the_o mortess_n of_o the_o stock_n you_o must_v stiffen_v they_o by_o knock_v a_o little_a wooden_a wedge_n between_o the_o staff_n and_o their_o mortess_n §_o 9_o of_o molding-planes_a there_o be_v several_a other_o plane_n in_o use_n among_o joiner_n call_v molding-planes_a as_o the_o round_a the_o hollow_a the_o ogee_n the_o snipes-bill_n the_o rabbet-plane_n the_o grooving-plane_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o these_o they_o have_v several_a sort_n viz._n from_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n to_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a they_o be_v use_v as_o other_o plane_n be_v in_o the_o plane_n of_o stuff_n you_o must_v use_v plane_n who_o iron_n have_v different_a mounting_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o hardness_n or_o softness_n of_o the_o wood_n you_o be_v to_o work_v upon_o for_o if_o the_o wood_n be_v hard_a the_o iron_n must_v stand_v more_o upright_o than_o it_o need_v do_v if_o the_o wood_n be_v soft_a for_o soft_a wood_n as_o deal_v pear-tree_n maple_n etc._n etc._n the_o iron_n be_v set_v to_o make_v a_o angle_n of_o 45_o degree_n with_o the_o sole_a of_o the_o plane_n but_o if_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a wood_n you_o be_v to_o plain_a upon_o as_o box_n ebony_n lignum_fw-la vitæ_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v set_v to_o 80_o degree_n and_o sometime_o quite_o upright_o so_o that_o these_o hard_a wood_n be_v indeed_o more_o proper_o say_v to_o be_v scrape_v than_o plain_v but_o before_o you_o come_v to_o use_v your_o plane_n you_o must_v know_v how_o to_o grind_v and_o whet_v they_o for_o they_o be_v not_o so_o fit_v when_o they_o be_v buy_v but_o every_o workman_n accommodate_v they_o to_o his_o purpose_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a wood_n he_o be_v to_o work_v on_o he_o grind_v his_o basil_n to_o a_o more_o obtuse_a angle_n than_o he_o will_v do_v for_o soft_a wood._n the_o basil_n or_o angle_n a_o iron_n be_v ground_n to_o to_o work_v on_o soft_a wood_n be_v about_o 12_o degree_n and_o for_o hard_a wood_n about_o 18_o or_o 20_o degree_n where_o note_n that_o the_o more_o acute_a or_o thin_a the_o basil_n be_v the_o better_a and_o smooth_a the_o iron_n cut_v and_o the_o more_o obtuse_a and_o thick_a the_o strong_a the_o edge_n be_v to_o work_v upon_o hard_a work_n §_o 10._o of_o grind_v and_o whet_v the_o iron_n and_o other_o edge-tool_n when_o you_o grind_v your_o iron_n place_v your_o two_o thumb_n under_o the_o iron_n and_o your_o finger_n of_o both_o hand_n upon_o the_o iron_n and_o so_o clap_v down_o your_o iron_n to_o the_o stone_n hold_v it_o to_o that_o angle_n with_o the_o stone_n you_o intend_v the_o basil_n shall_v have_v keep_v the_o iron_n in_o this_o posture_n without_o either_o mount_a or_o sink_v its_o end_n all_o the_o while_n the_o the_o stone_n be_v turn_v about_o and_o when_o you_o lift_v the_o iron_n off_o the_o stone_n to_o see_v if_o it_o be_v ground_n to_o your_o mind_n if_o it_o be_v not_o you_o must_v be_v sure_a you_o place_v the_o iron_n again_o in_o the_o same_o position_n on_o the_o stone_n it_o have_v before_o for_o else_o you_o will_v make_v a_o double_a basil_n on_o your_o iron_n but_o if_o it_o be_v true_a set_v on_o the_o stone_n and_o steady_o keep_v to_o that_o position_n your_o basil_n will_v be_v hollow_a and_o the_o small_a your_o grindstone_n be_v the_o hollow_a it_o will_v be_v you_o may_v know_v when_o it_o be_v well_o ground_n by_o the_o evenness_n and_o entireness_n of_o the_o edge_n all_o the_o way_n have_v ground_n your_o iron_n you_o must_v smoothen_fw-ge the_o edge_n fine_a with_o a_o good_a fine_a whetstone_n thus_o hold_v the_o edge_n of_o your_o iron_n upward_o in_o your_o left_a hand_n and_o your_o whetstone_n in_o your_o right_n and_o have_v first_o spit_v upon_o your_o stone_n to_o wet_v it_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o basil_n of_o your_o iron_n in_o such_o a_o position_n that_o it_o may_v bear_v upon_o the_o whole_a breadth_n of_o the_o basil_n and_o so_o work_v the_o stone_n over_o the_o basil_n you_o will_v quick_o wear_v the_o courser_n grate_v of_o the_o grindstone_n off_o the_o edge_n on_o that_o side_n then_o turn_v the_o flat_a side_n of_o the_o iron_n and_o apply_v the_o stone_n flat_a to_o it_o till_o you_o have_v wear_v off_o the_o course_n grating_n of_o the_o grindstone_n on_o that_o side_n too_o joiner_n often_o grind_v their_o iron_n upon_o a_o flat_a grindstone_n also_o and_o then_o they_o hold_v the_o iron_n also_o in_o their_o hand_n in_o the_o same_o posture_n as_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v ground_n on_o the_o round_a grindstone_n yet_o then_o instead_o of_o keep_v the_o iron_n on_o one_o place_n of_o the_o stone_n they_o thrust_v it_o hard_o straight_o forward_o almost_o the_o length_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o draw_v it_o lightly_a straight_o back_o again_o keep_v it_o all_o the_o while_n at_o the_o same_o angle_n with_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o than_o smoothen_fw-ge its_o edge_n with_o the_o whetstone_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v ground_n upon_o the_o round_a grindstone_n and_o this_o they_o do_v so_o often_o till_o they_o have_v rub_v the_o hollowness_n of_o the_o basil_n to_o a_o flat_a and_o then_o they_o grind_v it_o again_o upon_o the_o round_a grindstone_n this_o order_n and_o manner_n of_o set_v grind_v and_o smooth_v a_o basil_n and_o edge_n be_v also_o use_v in_o all_o other_o edge-tool_n joiner_n use_n §_o 10._o of_o chissel_v of_o several_a sort_n and_o first_o of_o former_n former_n mark_a c1_n c3_n be_v of_o several_a size_n they_o be_v call_v former_n because_o they_o be_v use_v before_o the_o paring-chissel_a even_o as_o the_o fore-plane_n be_v use_v before_o the_o smoothing-plane_n the_o stuff_v you_o be_v to_o work_v upon_o be_v first_o scribe_v as_o i_o shall_v show_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n you_o must_v set_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o former_a a_o little_a without_o the_o scribe_v stroke_n with_o its_o basil_n outward_o that_o it_o may_v break_v and_o shoulder_v off_o the_o chip_n from_o your_o work_n as_o the_o edge_n cut_v it_o and_o you_o must_v bear_v the_o helve_z of_o the_o former_a a_o little_a inward_o over_o the_o stuff_n that_o the_o former_a do_v not_o at_o first_o cut_v straight_o down_o but_o a_o little_a outward_n for_o shall_v you_o venture_v to_o cut_v straight_o down_o at_o the_o first_o you_o may_v with_o a_o negligent_a or_o unlucky_o knock_v with_o the_o mallet_n drive_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o former_a under_o the_o work_n and_o so_o cut_v before_o you_o be_v aware_a more_o off_o the_o under_o side_n than_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o your_o work_n and_o so_o perchance_o spoil_v it_o therefore_o you_o may_v make_v several_a cut_n to_o cut_v it_o straight_o down_o by_o little_a and_o little_a till_o your_o work_n be_v make_v ready_a for_o the_o paring-chissel_a when_o it_o be_v use_v the_o helve_z of_o it_o be_v knock_v upon_o with_o a_o mallet_n to_o drive_v the_o edge_n into_o the_o stuff_n §_o 11._o of_o the_o paring-chissel_a the_o paring-chissel_a mark_v c2_n must_v have_v a_o very_a fine_a and_o smooth_a edge_n its_o
you_o must_v alter_v they_o you_o may_v know_v when_o they_o be_v well_o pitch_v by_o tread_v soft_o upon_o your_o treddle_n and_o hold_v your_o finger_n steady_a on_o the_o rest_n direct_v the_o point_n of_o it_o pretty_a close_a to_o the_o work_n for_o if_o in_o a_o revolution_n of_o your_o work_n its_o outside_o keep_v it_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o end_n of_o your_o finger_n you_o may_v conclude_v your_o work_n be_v well_o pitch_v but_o if_o you_o find_v one_o side_n of_o your_o work_n come_v near_o your_o finger_n than_o the_o other_o side_n you_o must_v with_o your_o flat_a chissel_n or_o gouge_n or_o what_o be_v near_a at_o hand_n knock_v soft_o or_o hard_o upon_o that_o side_n that_o come_v near_a to_o your_o finger_n till_o you_o have_v force_v the_o pike_n into_o the_o true_a centre_n at_o the_o end_n of_o your_o work_n and_o than_o you_o may_v bold_o screw_v it_o hard_o up_o but_o you_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o screw_v it_o hard_o up_o because_o it_o be_v soft_a wood_n you_o purpose_v to_o work_v upon_o and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o pole_n may_v endanger_v the_o draw_n or_o remove_v the_o centre_n if_o the_o pike_n have_v not_o good_a hold_n of_o they_o have_v find_v your_o centre_n take_v your_o work_n again_o off_o the_o pike_n and_o wind_v the_o string_n once_o or_o twice_o more_o about_o your_o work_n that_o your_o string_n as_o i_o say_v in_o numb_a 10._o §_o 1._o when_o i_o write_v of_o the_o string_n may_v the_o better_o command_v it_o and_o then_o wind_v off_o or_o on_o more_o string_n at_o the_o end_n of_o your_o pole_n or_o end_n of_o your_o treddle_n or_o both_o if_o your_o work_n require_v it_o till_o the_o pole_n draw_v the_o treddle_v up_o a_o little_a above_o half_a the_o length_n of_o the_o leg_n of_o the_o lathe_n for_o about_o the_o height_n your_o leg_n may_v without_o sudden_a try_v command_v the_o pole_n down_o again_o but_o before_o you_o begin_v to_o work_v upon_o the_o stuff_n i_o shall_v inform_v you_o how_o to_o tread_v the_o treddle_v in_o which_o you_o may_v observe_v this_o general_n rule_n that_o the_o near_a the_o fore-end_n of_o the_o treddle_v you_o tread_v the_o easy_a you_o bring_v down_o the_o pole_n but_o then_o the_o pole_n in_o its_o spring_n race_n your_o leg_n the_o high_a and_o may_v draw_v the_o upper_a side_n of_o your_o thigh_n against_o the_o underside_n of_o the_o cheek_n of_o the_o lathe_n and_o with_o reiterated_a rise_n gawl_n and_o also_o tire_v your_o thigh_n place_v therefore_o your_o foot_n steady_a upon_o the_o treddle_v so_o far_o forward_o as_o you_o can_v to_o avoid_v the_o pole_n rise_v from_o draw_v your_o thigh_n against_o the_o underside_n of_o the_o lathe_n and_o tread_v the_o treddle_v nimble_o down_o but_o not_o quite_o so_o low_a as_o to_o knock_v against_o the_o floor_n then_o abate_v the_o weight_n of_o your_o tread_n and_o let_v the_o pole_n draw_v the_o treddle_v up_o but_o still_o keep_v your_o foot_n steady_a and_o light_o bear_v upon_o the_o treddle_n for_o than_o your_o succeed_a tread_v will_n prove_v easy_a to_o your_o leg_n and_o thigh_n and_o you_o will_v with_o your_o foot_n the_o better_a and_o quick_a command_n the_o treddle_v then_o tread_v again_o nimble_o down_o as_o before_o and_o keep_v this_o train_n of_o tread_v till_o your_o work_n be_v finish_v or_o that_o you_o may_v have_v occasion_n to_o stop_v and_o examine_v how_o right_o you_o proceed_v in_o all_o small_a work_v the_o tread_n be_v light_o and_o nimble_o perform_v but_o in_o large_a and_o heavy_a work_n the_o tread_n come_v slow_a and_o heavy_o down_o this_o be_v premise_v you_o may_v begin_v with_o your_o gouge_n lay_v the_o round_a side_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o rest_n and_o take_v the_o handle_n of_o it_o in_o your_o right_a hand_n and_o lay_v the_o fore_n and_o middle_a finger_n of_o your_o left_a hand_n upon_o the_o hollow_a of_o the_o gouge_n near_o the_o work_n mount_v the_o edge_n about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o axis_n of_o your_o work_n and_o sink_v your_o right_a hand_n a_o little_a for_o in_o this_o position_n the_o gouge_n cut_v best_a and_o thus_o cut_v down_o on_o your_o work_n near_o one_o end_n a_o groove_n for_o your_o string_n to_o run_v in_o the_o groove_n may_v be_v about_o a_o inch_n or_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a but_o it_o matter_n not_o much_o what_o depth_n then_o slip_v your_o string_n into_o the_o groove_n and_o if_o you_o find_v the_o string_n will_v not_o slip_v easy_o you_o may_v put_v your_o foot_n under_o the_o treddle_n and_o lift_v it_o a_o little_a up_o that_o the_o string_n when_o no_o weight_n be_v hang_v to_o it_o may_v slide_v the_o easy_a into_o the_o groove_n and_o by_o the_o way_n you_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o the_o deep_a you_o cut_v down_o the_o groove_n the_o often_o will_v your_o work_n come_v about_o every_o tread_n because_o the_o string_n that_o come_v down_o every_o tread_v measure_v a_o small_a circumference_n often_o than_o it_o do_v a_o great_a circumference_n but_o then_o the_o work_n be_v not_o so_o strong_o carry_v about_o because_o it_o have_v a_o less_o portion_n of_o the_o string_n to_o command_v it_o this_o i_o hint_n not_o that_o in_o this_o our_o small_a propose_a pattern_n it_o be_v very_o considerable_a for_o if_o you_o only_o cut_v the_o groove_n down_o but_o so_o low_a as_o there_o may_v be_v a_o shoulder_n at_o the_o end_n and_o another_o against_o the_o work_n to_o keep_v the_o string_n from_o slip_v out_o of_o the_o groove_n it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a but_o in_o heavy_a work_n this_o groove_n ought_v to_o be_v cut_v with_o discretion_n now_o come_v to_o the_o form_n of_o your_o work_n and_o hold_v your_o gouge_n as_o you_o be_v teach_v before_o but_o somewhat_o light_o against_o your_o work_n begin_v at_o one_o end_n and_o slide_v your_o gouge_n gradual_o to_o the_o other_o cut_v with_o its_o edge_n all_o the_o way_n you_o go_v and_o bear_v somewhat_o stiff_o against_o the_o work_n every_o tread_v you_o make_v on_o the_o treddle_v and_o withdraw_v it_o again_o a_o little_a light_o from_o the_o work_n every_o spring_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o thus_o by_o use_v you_o must_v habituate_v yourself_o to_o let_v the_o edge_n of_o your_o tool_n bear_v upon_o the_o work_n when_o the_o pole_n and_o treddle_n come_v down_o and_o to_o draw_v it_o back_o just_a off_o the_o work_n as_o the_o pole_n and_o treddle_n go_v up_o and_o thus_o you_o must_v continue_v till_o you_o have_v rough-wrought_a all_o your_o work_n from_o end_n to_o end_v if_o you_o have_v not_o at_o first_o bring_v your_o work_n clean_o that_o be_v if_o you_o have_v not_o go_v deep_o enough_o with_o your_o gouge_n to_o take_v off_o all_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o stuff_n the_o draw-knife_n leave_v even_o with_o the_o small_a part_n of_o your_o work_n you_o must_v in_o like_a manner_n as_o before_o work_v it_o over_o again_o but_o you_o must_v have_v a_o special_a care_n you_o take_v not_o too_o much_o stuff_v away_o on_o any_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n for_o this_o propose_a pattern_n be_v a_o cilind_a if_o you_o take_v but_o a_o small_a matter_n too_o much_o away_o from_o any_o part_n and_o make_v it_o small_a than_o your_o give_a measure_n there_o the_o whole_a work_n will_v be_v spoil_v as_o be_v small_a than_o the_o propose_a diameter_n which_o to_o know_v you_o may_v by_o open_v the_o point_n of_o your_o callipper_n to_o two_o inch_n on_o your_o rule_n the_o propose_a diameter_n of_o your_o cilind_a try_v if_o the_o point_n at_o that_o distance_n will_v just_o slip_v over_o the_o deep_a grooves_n of_o your_o work_n for_o we_o will_v not_o suppose_v that_o the_o grooves_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a depth_n with_o the_o rough-working_a of_o the_o gouge_n without_o strain_v the_o joint_n for_o then_o your_o work_n be_v just_a sizeable_a if_o not_o work_v over_o again_o as_o before_o etc._n etc._n but_o we_o will_v now_o suppose_v you_o have_v not_o take_v too_o much_o away_o but_o have_v make_v a_o due_a process_n with_o your_o gouge_n therefore_o now_o proceed_v and_o use_v a_o flat_a chissel_n about_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a to_o take_v off_o the_o irregularity_n the_o gouge_n leave_v take_v the_o handle_n of_o it_o in_o your_o right_a hand_n as_o you_o do_v the_o gouge_n and_o clasp_v the_o blade_n of_o it_o in_o your_o left_a hand_n lean_v it_o steady_a upon_o the_o rest_n hold_v the_o edge_n a_o little_a assant_fw-la over_o the_o work_n so_o as_o a_o corner_n of_o the_o thin_a side_n of_o the_o chissel_n may_v bear_v upon_o the_o rest_n and_o that_o the_o flat_a side_n of_o the_o chissel_n may_v make_v a_o small_a angle_n with_o
square-bore_a that_o it_o may_v cut_v the_o fast_o and_o you_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o guide_v the_o square-bore_a true_o straight_o forward_o in_o the_o hole_n lest_o the_o hole_n be_v wrought_v aslope_o in_o the_o iron_n b_o to_o open_v a_o hole_n be_v in_o smith_n language_n to_o make_v the_o hole_n wide_o c_o a_o dufftail_n be_v a_o figure_n make_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o doves-tail_n and_o be_v use_v by_o many_o other_o handicraft_n as_o well_o as_o by_o smith_n but_o most_o especial_o by_o joiner_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v when_o i_o come_v to_o joynery_n d_o a_o jack-file_n be_v a_o broad_a file_n somewhat_o thin_a on_o both_o edge_n and_o strong_a in_o the_o middle_n the_o manner_n of_o make_v mould_v to_o cast_v leaden_a bullet_n in_o i_o insert_v the_o make_n of_o bullet-mold_n because_o there_o be_v some_o sort_n of_o work_n in_o they_o different_a from_o what_o have_v yet_o be_v teach_v the_o handle_n and_o the_o head_n be_v forge_v as_o other_o work_n but_o the_o two_o concave_a hemisphere_n be_v first_o punch_v with_o a_o round-ended_n punch_n of_o the_o shape_n and_o almost_o of_o the_o size_n you_o intend_v the_o bullet_n shall_v be_v they_o must_v be_v punch'd_v deep_a enough_o at_o the_o forge_n with_o a_o blood-red-heat_n then_o be_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o chap_n file_v flat_o first_o with_o a_o common-file_n the_o common-way_n but_o afterward_o with_o a_o using-file_n as_o workman_n call_v it_o the_o using-file_n be_v a_o long_a and_o broad_a file_n exact_o flat_a on_o both_o its_o cut_a side_n have_v a_o square_a iron_n handle_v draw_v out_o at_o one_o end_n with_o a_o hole_n in_o it_o but_o the_o handle_n be_v not_o to_o hold_v it_o by_o when_o you_o use_v it_o but_o the_o hole_n in_o it_o to_o go_v over_o a_o pin_n you_o hang_v it_o upon_o when_o you_o do_v not_o use_v it_o when_o you_o use_v it_o you_o must_v lay_v it_o flat_a upon_o the_o work-bench_n with_o its_o handle_n from_o you_o and_o you_o must_v take_v care_n that_o it_o lie_v solid_a and_o steady_a lest_o when_o you_o work_v upon_o it_o it_o slip_v from_o you_o therefore_o you_o may_v strike_v a_o nail_n in_o at_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o handle_n a_o little_a way_n into_o the_o work-bench_n that_o you_o may_v draw_v it_o again_o when_o you_o have_v do_v with_o the_o using-file_n and_o you_o may_v drive_v in_o a_o small_a tack_v on_o each_o side_n the_o using-file_n to_o keep_v it_o steady_a or_o you_o may_v tack_n down_o two_o small_a thin_a board_n on_o either_o side_n the_o using-file_n to_o keep_v it_o steady_a and_o rip_v they_o off_o again_o when_o you_o have_v do_v your_o using-file_n lie_v thus_o straight_o and_o steady_a before_o you_o lay_v the_o chap_n of_o one_o half_a of_o the_o mould_n flat_a upon_o the_o hither_o end_n of_o the_o using-file_n and_o hold_v your_o two_o thumb_n and_o your_o two_o fore-finger_n upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o mould_n thrust_v your_o work_n hard_o down_o from_o you_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o the_o using-file_n then_o draw_v your_o work_n light_o back_o and_o thrust_v it_o again_o hard_a from_o you_o reiterate_v these_o thrust_n thus_o till_o upon_o the_o chap_n of_o the_o mould_n you_o can_v see_v no_o irregularity_n or_o the_o file-stroak_n of_o the_o common_a file_n leave_v so_o may_v you_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o chap_n of_o the_o mould_n be_v true_o flat_a do_v the_o like_a by_o the_o other_o half_a of_o the_o mould_n now_o you_o must_v try_v whether_o each_o of_o these_o concave_n be_v a_o exact_a half-round_a thus_o you_o may_v describe_v a_o arch_n a_o little_a more_o than_o a_o semicircle_n just_a of_o the_o diameter_n of_o your_o bullet_n upon_o the_o end_n of_o a_o thin_a piece_n of_o brass-latin_a draw_v a_o straight_a line_n through_o the_o centre_n and_o the_o arch_n on_o both_o side_n it_o for_o the_o limit_n of_o a_o semicircle_n file_n very_o curious_o all_o the_o brass_n away_o on_o the_o end_n just_a to_o this_o semicircle_n and_o just_a to_o the_o diametral_a line_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o semicircle_n so_o have_v you_o a_o convex_a semicircle_n put_v this_o convex_a semicircle_n into_o the_o concave_n mould_v if_o it_o fit_v they_o so_o as_o the_o convex_a reach_n just_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o mould_v when_o its_o shoulder_n touch_v just_a the_o chap_n of_o the_o mould_n they_o be_v each_o a_o true_a concave_a hemisphere_n but_o if_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o convex_a that_o be_v a_o diametral_a line_n prolong_v ride_v upon_o the_o chap_n of_o the_o concave_n and_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o convex_a touch_n not_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o concave_n the_o concave_n be_v punch_v too_o deep_a and_o must_v have_v its_o chap_n rub_v upon_o the_o using-file_n again_o till_o it_o comply_v with_o the_o convex_a then_o put_v into_o the_o two_o concave_n a_o round_a bullet_n that_o will_v just_o fill_v they_o both_o and_o pinch_v the_o head_n of_o the_o mould_n close_o together_o in_o a_o vice_n with_o the_o bullet_n in_o it_o drill_v a_o hole_n through_o both_o the_o handle_v for_o the_o joint_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o bullet_n be_v put_v into_o the_o mould_n be_v because_o the_o chap_n of_o the_o two_o half_n shall_v lie_v exact_o upon_o one_o another_o whilst_o the_o hole_n for_o the_o joint_n be_v drill_v then_o fit_a a_o rivet-pin_n for_o this_o hole_n and_o rivet_v they_o together_o but_o not_o so_o hard_a but_o that_o the_o mould_n may_v open_v and_o shut_v pretty_a easy_a and_o yet_o go_v true_a then_o take_v the_o bullet_n out_o and_o file_v in_o each_o half_n of_o the_o head_n half_o a_o round_a hole_n direct_o against_o one_o another_o for_o the_o a_o gait_n which_o two_o half_a hole_n when_o the_o mould_n be_v shut_v will_v make_v one_o round_a hole_n you_o may_v now_o try_v with_o clay_n or_o by_o cast_v a_o leaden_a bullet_n in_o it_o whether_o it_o be_v exact_o round_a or_o no_o for_o make_v a_o true_a round_a hole_n in_o a_o thin_a piece_n of_o brass_n just_a of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o chap_n you_o may_v try_v if_o the_o cast_a bullet_n will_v just_o pass_v through_o and_o also_o fill_v that_o hole_n when_o the_o bullet_n it_o turn_v every_o way_n which_o if_o it_o do_v you_o may_v conclude_v the_o mould_n be_v true_a this_o thin_a piece_n of_o brass_n with_o a_o round_a hole_n in_o it_o be_v call_v a_o sizer_n but_o the_o inside_n want_v cleanse_v for_o hitherto_o it_o be_v only_o punch_v therefore_o you_o must_v provide_v a_o b_o bullet-bore_a with_o which_o you_o may_v bore_v the_o inside_n of_o each_o half_n to_o clear_v it_o or_o if_o they_o be_v not_o quite_o deep_a enough_o punch'd_v you_o may_v bore_v they_o deep_o you_o may_v bore_v they_o several_o or_o together_o by_o put_v the_o bullet-bore_a into_o the_o mould_n so_o as_o the_o shank_n may_v come_v through_o the_o gait_n in_o this_o section_n you_o see_v first_o the_o use_n of_o a_o using-file_n a_o instrument_n of_o great_a use_n for_o flat_a file_v for_o by_o it_o you_o may_v make_v two_o piece_n of_o iron_n of_o somewhat_o considerable_a breadth_n so_o true_a that_o by_o lay_v the_o two_o flat_a side_n upon_o each_o other_o they_o shall_v draw_v up_o one_o another_o it_o be_v much_o use_v by_o clock-maker_n watch-maker_n letter-mold-maker_n and_o indeed_o all_o other_o that_o frame_v square-work_a on_o iron_n steel_n or_o brass_n second_o the_o use_n of_o a_o bullet-bore_a which_o though_o it_o be_v seldom_o use_v yet_o it_o may_v serve_v not_o only_o for_o bullet-mold_n but_o for_o other_o purpose_n and_o by_o alter_v its_o shape_n into_o a_o oblong_a a_o cone_n or_o a_o cilind_a you_o may_v boar_n these_o hollow_a figure_n either_o for_o mould_v or_o some_o other_o accidental_a uses_n a_o a_o gait_n be_v the_o hole_n through_o which_o the_o metal_n run_v into_o the_o mould_n the_o word_n be_v use_v by_o most_o founder_n b_o the_o bullet-bore_a be_v a_o shank_n of_o steel_n have_v a_o steel_n globe_n or_o bullet_n at_o one_o end_n just_a of_o your_o intend_a bullet_n size_n this_o globular_a end_n must_v be_v hatch_v with_o a_o fine_a cut_n by_o a_o file-cutter_n and_o harden_a and_o temper_a the_o end_n of_o the_o shank_n this_o globular_a boar_n be_v fasten_v to_o must_v be_v round_o and_o so_o small_a that_o when_o the_o bullet-bore_a be_v in_o the_o mould_n the_o gait_n will_v easy_o receive_v it_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o shank_n must_v be_v fit_v into_o the_o square_a socket_n of_o the_o wimble_n and_o have_v a_o shoulder_n to_o it_o to_o stop_v the_o socket_n from_o slide_v too_o far_o upon_o the_o shank_n from_o this_o shoulder_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o shank_n must_v run_v taper_v down_o to_o the_o small_a end_n the_o bullet-bore_a be_v fasten_v to_o
plate_n 4._o with_o the_o handle_n towards_o their_o left_a hand_n and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o see_v to_o the_o right_n then_o with_o a_o threesquare_a file_n they_o begin_v at_o the_o left_a hand_n end_n lean_v hard_a upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o file_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n than_o on_o that_o side_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n so_o that_o they_o file_v the_o upperside_n of_o the_o tooth_n of_o the_o see_v a-slope_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o underside_n of_o the_o tooth_n a_o little_a a-slope_n towards_o the_o left_a or_o almost_o downright_o have_v file_v one_o tooth_n thus_o all_o the_o rest_n must_v be_v so_o file_v then_o with_o the_o saw-wr_a mark_v o._n in_o plate_n 4._o they_o set_v the_o tooth_n of_o the_o see_v that_o be_v they_o put_v one_o of_o the_o notch_n mark_v a_o a_o a_o of_o the_o wrest_v between_o the_o first_o two_o tooth_n on_o the_o blade_n of_o the_o saw_n and_o then_o turn_v the_o handle_n horizontal_o a_o little_a about_o upon_o the_o notch_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o see_v and_o that_o at_o once_o turn_v the_o first_o tooth_n somewhat_o towards_o you_o and_o the_o second_o tooth_n from_o you_o then_o skip_v two_o tooth_n they_o again_o put_v one_o of_o the_o notch_n of_o the_o wrest_v between_o the_o three_o and_o four_o tooth_n on_o the_o blade_n of_o the_o saw_n and_o then_o as_o before_o turn_v the_o handle_v a_o little_a about_o upon_o the_o notch_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o saw_n and_o that_o turn_v the_o three_o tooth_n somewhat_o towards_o you_o and_o the_o four_o somewhat_o from_o you_o thus_o you_o must_v skip_v two_o tooth_n at_o a_o time_n and_o turn_v the_o wrest_v till_o all_o the_o tooth_n of_o the_o saw_n be_v set_v this_o set_v of_o the_o tooth_n of_o the_o see_v as_o workman_n call_v it_o be_v to_o make_v the_o kerf_n wide_o enough_o for_o the_o back_n to_o follow_v the_o edge_n and_o be_v set_a rank_a for_o soft_a course_n cheap_a stuff_n than_o for_o hard_a fine_a and_o costly_a stuff_n for_o the_o rank_a the_o tooth_n be_v set_v the_o more_o stuff_n be_v waste_v in_o the_o kerf_n and_o beside_o if_o the_o stuff_n be_v hard_a it_o will_v require_v great_a labour_n to_o tear_v away_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o hard_a stuff_n than_o it_o will_v do_v to_o tear_v away_o but_o a_o little_a of_o the_o same_o stuff_v the_o pit-saw_a be_v set_v so_o rank_a for_o course_n stuff_n as_o to_o make_v a_o kerf_n of_o almost_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n but_o for_o fine_a and_o costly_a stuff_n they_o set_v it_o fine_a to_o save_v stuff_n the_o whip-saw_a be_v set_v somewhat_o fine_a than_o the_o pit-saw_a the_o handsaw_a and_o the_o compass-saw_a fine_a than_o the_o whip-saw_a but_o the_o tennant-saw_a frame-saw_a and_o the_o bow-saw_a etc._n etc._n be_v set_v fine_a and_o have_v their_o tooth_n but_o very_o little_o turn_v over_o the_o side_n of_o their_o blade_n so_o that_o a_o kerf_n make_v by_o they_o be_v seldom_o above_o half_a a_o half_a quarter_n of_o a_o inch._n the_o reason_n why_o the_o tooth_n be_v file_v to_o a_o angle_n point_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o saw_n and_o not_o towards_o the_o handle_n of_o the_o saw_n or_o direct_o straight_o between_o the_o handle_n and_o end_n of_o the_o saw_n be_v because_o the_o saw_n be_v design_v to_o cut_v only_o in_o its_o progess_n forward_o man_n have_v in_o that_o activity_n more_o strength_n to_o rid_v and_o command_v of_o his_o hand_n to_o guide_v his_o work_n than_o he_o can_v have_v in_o draw_v back_o his_o saw_n and_o therefore_o when_o he_o draw_v back_o his_o saw_n the_o workman_n bear_v it_o light_o off_o the_o unsawn_n stuff_n which_o be_v a_o case_n to_o be_v labour_n and_o enable_v he_o the_o long_a to_o continue_v his_o several_a progression_n of_o the_o saw_n master-workman_n when_o they_o direct_v any_o of_o their_o underlin_n to_o see_v such_o a_o piece_n of_o stuff_n have_v several_a phrase_n for_o the_o saw_v of_o it_o they_o seldom_o say_v see_v that_o piece_n of_o stuff_n but_o draw_v the_o saw_n through_o it_o give_v that_o piece_n of_o stuff_n a_o kerf_n lay_v a_o kerf_n in_o that_o piece_n of_o stuff_n and_o sometime_o but_o most_o unproper_o cut_v or_o slit_v that_o piece_n of_o stuff_n for_o the_o saw_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o cut_v or_o slit_v the_o stuff_n but_o it_o rather_o break_v or_o tear_n away_o such_o part_n of_o the_o stuff_n from_o the_o whole_a as_o the_o point_n of_o the_o tooth_n prick_v into_o and_o these_o part_n it_o so_o tear_n away_o be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o fineness_n or_o rankness_n of_o the_o set_v of_o the_o tooth_n the_o excellency_n of_o saw_v be_v to_o keep_v the_o kerf_n exact_o in_o the_o line_n mark_v out_o to_o be_v saw_v without_o wriggle_v on_o either_o or_o both_o side_n and_o straight_o through_o the_o stuff_n as_o workman_n call_v it_o that_o be_v in_o a_o geometrical_a term_n perpendicular_o through_o the_o upper_a and_o underside_n if_o your_o work_n require_v it_o as_o most_o work_n do_v but_o if_o your_o work_n be_v to_o be_v saw_v upon_o a_o bevil_n as_o some_o work_n sometime_o be_v than_o you_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o bevil_n all_o the_o length_n of_o the_o stuff_n etc._n etc._n §_o 27._o the_o use_n of_o the_o pit-taw_n mark_v m._n in_o plate_n 4._o the_o pit-saw_a be_v not_o only_o use_v by_o those_o workman_n that_o make_v saw_v timber_n and_o board_n their_o whole_a business_n but_o be_v also_o for_o small_a matter_n use_v by_o joiner_n when_o what_o they_o have_v to_o do_v may_v perhaps_o be_v as_o soon_o do_v at_o home_n as_o they_o can_v carry_v or_o send_v it_o to_o the_o sawyer_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o work_n be_v both_o alike_o for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o board_n they_o will_v slit_v off_o a_o piece_n of_o timber_n or_o if_o they_o will_v take_v any_o square_n quarter_n or_o batten_n etc._n etc._n off_o they_o first_o set_v off_o their_o scantlin_n for_o example_n if_o it_o be_v a_o inch_n or_o more_o or_o less_o they_o will_v take_v off_o a_o piece_n of_o stuff_n they_o open_v the_o point_n of_o their_o compass_n to_o a_o inch_n measure_n on_o their_o rule_n and_o so_o much_o more_o as_o they_o reckon_v the_o kerf_n of_o the_o saw_n will_v make_v and_o from_o on_o side_n of_o their_o stuff_n they_o set_v off_o at_o either_o end_n of_o the_o stuff_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o point_n of_o their_o compass_n at_o this_o distance_n therefore_o they_o make_v with_o the_o point_n of_o their_o compass_n a_o prick_n at_o either_o end_n of_o the_o stuff_n then_o with_o chaulk_n they_o whiten_v a_o line_n by_o rub_v the_o chaulk_n pretty_a hard_a upon_o it_o then_o one_o hold_v the_o line_n at_o one_o end_n upon_o the_o prick_n make_v there_o and_o the_o other_o strain_v the_o line_n pretty_a stiff_a upon_o the_o prick_n at_o the_o other_o end_n then_o whilst_o the_o line_n be_v thus_o strain_a one_o of_o they_o between_o his_o finger_n and_o thumb_n draw_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o line_n direct_o upright_o to_o a_o convenient_a height_n that_o it_o may_v spring_v hard_a enough_o down_o and_o then_o let_v it_o go_v again_o so_o that_o it_o swift_o apply_v to_o its_o first_o position_n and_o strike_v so_o strong_o against_o the_o stuff_n that_o the_o dust_n or_o atom_n of_o the_o chaulk_n that_o be_v rub_v into_o the_o line_n shake_v out_o of_o it_o and_o remain_v upon_o the_o stuff_n and_o thus_o also_o they_o mark_v the_o under-side_n of_o their_o stuff_n this_o be_v call_v lining_n of_o the_o stuff_n and_o the_o stuff_v cut_v into_o those_o line_n shall_v be_v call_v inch-stuff_n because_o the_o compass_n that_o prick_v the_o stuff_n be_v open_v wide_a by_o the_o width_n of_o the_o kerf_n than_o a_o inch_n measure_n upon_o the_o rule_n but_o have_v the_o compass_n be_v open_v but_o a_o inch_n exact_o that_o piece_n saw_v off_o shall_v in_o workman_n language_n have_v be_v call_v inch-prickt_a thereby_o give_v to_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v half_a the_o breadth_n of_o the_o kerf_n thin_a than_o a_o inch_n and_o thus_o they_o call_v all_o other_o scantlins_n 2_o inch_n 2_o ½_o inches_n 3_o inch_n etc._n etc._n saw_v or_o prick_v when_o two_o workman_n be_v not_o at_o hand_n to_o hold_v the_o line_n at_o both_o end_n he_o that_o line_n it_o strikes_z one_o point_n of_o his_o compass_n or_o sometime_o a_o pricker_n or_o a_o nale_n aslope_o towards_o that_o end_n into_o the_o prick_n set_v off_o and_o put_v the_o noose_n at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o line_n over_o his_o compass_n etc._n etc._n go_v to_o the_o other_o end_n and_o strain_n his_o line_n on_o that_o prick_n and_o strike_v it_o as_o before_o the_o stuff_n be_v thus_o line_v
be_v general_o use_v in_o all_o alteration_n and_o old_a work_n §_o 5._o of_o the_o draw-knife_n and_o its_o use_n the_o draw-knife_n describe_v plate_n 8._o e._n be_v seldom_o use_v about_o house-building_n but_o for_o the_o make_n of_o some_o sort_n of_o householdstuff_n as_o the_o leg_n of_o cricket_n the_o round_n of_o ladder_n the_o rail_n to_o lay_v cheese_n or_o bacon_n on_o etc._n etc._n when_o they_o use_v it_o they_o set_v one_o end_n of_o their_o work_n against_o their_o breast_n and_o the_o other_o end_n against_o their_o work_n bench_n or_o some_o hollow_a angle_n that_o may_v keep_v it_o from_o slip_v and_o so_o press_v the_o work_n a_o little_a hard_a with_o their_o breast_n against_o the_o bench_n to_o keep_v it_o steady_a in_o its_o position_n they_o with_o the_o handle_v of_o the_o draw-knife_n in_o both_o their_o hand_n enter_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o draw-knife_n into_o the_o work_n and_o draw_v chip_n almost_o the_o length_n of_o their_o work_n and_o so_o smoothen_fw-ge it_o quick_o §_o 6._o of_o hook-pin_n and_o their_o use_n the_o hook-pin_n be_v describe_v plate_n 8._o f._n a_o the_o pin_n b_o the_o hook_n c_o the_o head_n its_o office_n be_v to_o pin_v the_o frame_n of_o a_o floor_n or_o frame_n of_o a_o roof_n together_o whilst_o it_o be_v frame_v or_o whilst_o it_o be_v fit_v into_o its_o position_n they_o have_v many_o of_o these_o hook-pin_n to_o drive_v into_o the_o several_a angle_n of_o the_o frame_n these_o they_o drive_v into_o the_o pin-hole_n through_o the_o mortess_n and_o tenant_n and_o be_v make_v taper_n do_v with_o a_o hammer_n strike_v on_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o knock_v it_o out_o again_o or_o they_o most_o common_o strike_v under_o the_o hook_n and_o so_o knock_v it_o out_o then_o if_o the_o frame_n lie_v in_o its_o place_n they_o pin_n it_o up_o with_o wooden_a pin_n §_o 7._o of_o the_o level_n and_o its_o use_n the_o level_n describe_v plate_n 8._o g._n a_o a_o the_o level_n b_o the_o plumbet_n c_o the_o plumb-line_n d_o d_o the_o perpendicular_a mark_v from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o board_n the_o level_n be_v from_o two_o to_o ten_o foot_n long_o that_o it_o may_v reach_v over_o a_o considerable_a length_n of_o the_o work_n if_o the_o plumb-line_n hang_v just_a upon_o the_o perpendicular_a d_o d_o when_o the_o level_n be_v set_v flat_o down_o upon_o the_o work_n the_o work_n be_v level_n but_o if_o it_o hang_v on_o either_o side_n the_o perpendicular_a the_o floor_n or_o work_v must_v be_v raise_v on_o that_o side_n till_o the_o plumb-line_n hang_v exact_o upon_o the_o perpendicular_a §_o 8._o of_o the_o plumb-line_n and_o its_o use_n the_o plumb-line_n be_v describe_v plate_n 8._o h._n a_o the_o line_n rowl_n b_o the_o line_n it_o be_v use_v to_o try_v the_o upright_o stand_v of_o post_n or_o other_o work_n that_o be_v to_o stand_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o ground_n plot_n and_o then_o they_o draw_v off_o so_o much_o line_n as_o be_v necessary_a and_o fasten_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o line_n there_o upon_o the_o line_n rowl_n with_o a_o slip-knot_n that_o no_o more_o line_n turn_v off_o they_o hold_v the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n between_o their_o finger_n and_o thumb_n half_a the_o diameter_n of_o the_o line_n rowl_n off_o one_o corner_n of_o the_o post_n or_o work_v and_o if_o the_o line_n and_o corner_n of_o the_o post_n be_v parallel_n to_o each_o other_o the_o post_n be_v upright_o but_o if_o the_o post_n be_v not_o parallel_v to_o the_o line_n but_o its_o bottom_n stand_v more_o than_o half_a the_o diameter_n of_o the_o line_n rowl_n from_o the_o line_n the_o post_n hang_v so_o much_o over_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o post_n on_o that_o side_n the_o line_n bear_v off_o and_o must_v be_v force_v backward_o till_o the_o side_n of_o the_o post_n and_o the_o line_n become_v parallel_n to_o each_o other_o but_o if_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o post_n stand_v out_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o line_n the_o post_n must_v be_v force_v forward_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o line_n §_o 9_o of_o the_o hammer_n and_o its_o use_n the_o hammer_n be_v describe_v plate_n 8._o i._o a_o the_o face_n b_o the_o claw_n c_o c_o the_o pen_n at_o the_o return_n side_n of_o the_o claw_n this_o tool_n be_v forget_v to_o be_v describe_v in_o joynery_n though_o they_o use_v hammer_n too_o and_o therefore_o i_o bring_v it_o in_o here_o it_o be_v chief_a use_n be_v for_o drive_v nail_n into_o work_n and_o draw_v nail_n out_o of_o work_n there_o be_v require_v a_o pretty_a skill_n in_o drive_v a_o nail_n sor_n if_o when_o you_o set_v the_o point_n of_o a_o nail_n you_o be_v not_o curious_a in_o observe_v to_o strike_v the_o flat_a face_n of_o the_o hammer_n perpendiculary_a down_o upon_o the_o perpendicular_a of_o the_o shank_n the_o nail_n unless_o it_o have_v good_a entrance_n will_v start_v aside_o or_o bow_n or_o break_v and_o than_o you_o will_v be_v force_v to_o draw_v it_o out_o again_o with_o the_o claw_n of_o the_o hammer_n therefore_o you_o may_v see_v a_o reason_n when_o you_o buy_v a_o hammer_n to_o choose_v one_o with_o a_o true_a flat_a face_n a_o little_a trick_n be_v sometime_o use_v among_o some_o that_o will_v be_v think_v cunning_a carpenter_n private_o to_o touch_v the_o head_n of_o the_o nail_n with_o a_o little_a earwax_n and_o then_o lie_v a_o wager_n with_o a_o stranger_n to_o the_o trick_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o drive_v that_o nail_n up_o to_o the_o head_n with_o so_o many_o blow_n the_o stranger_n think_v he_o shall_v assure_o win_v but_o do_v assure_o lose_v for_o the_o hammer_n no_o soon_o touch_v the_o head_n of_o the_o nail_n but_o instead_o of_o enter_v the_o wood_n it_o fly_v away_o notwithstanding_o his_o utmost_a care_n in_o strike_v it_o downright_o §_o 10._o of_o the_o commander_n and_o its_o use_n the_o commander_n be_v describe_v plate_n 8._o k._n it_o be_v indeed_o but_o a_o very_a great_a wooden_a mallet_n with_o a_o handle_n about_o three_o foot_n long_o to_o use_v in_o both_o the_o hand_n it_o be_v use_v to_o knock_v on_o the_o corner_n of_o frame_v work_n to_o set_v they_o into_o their_o position_n it_o be_v also_o use_v to_o drive_v small_a wooden_a pile_n into_o the_o ground_n etc._n etc._n or_o where_o great_a engine_n may_v be_v spare_v §_o 11._o of_o the_o crow_n and_o its_o use_n the_o crow_n be_v describe_v in_o plate_n 8._o l._n a_o the_o shank_n bb_v the_o claw_n c_o the_o pike-end_n it_o be_v use_v as_o a_o lever_n to_o to_o sift_v up_o the_o end_n of_o great_a heavy_a timber_n when_o either_o a_o bauk_n or_o a_o rowler_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v under_o it_o and_o then_o they_o thrust_v the_o claw_n between_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o timber_n and_o lay_v a_o bauk_n or_o some_o such_o stuff_n behind_o the_o crow_n they_o draw_v the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o shank_n backward_o and_o so_o raise_v the_o timber_n §_o 12._o of_o the_o drug_n and_o its_o use_n the_o drug_n describe_v plate_n 9_o a._n be_v make_v somewhat_o like_o a_o low_a narrow_a carr._n it_o be_v use_v for_o the_o carriage_n of_o timber_n and_o then_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o handle_n aa_o by_o two_o or_o more_o man_n according_a as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o timber_n may_v require_v there_o be_v also_o some_o engine_n use_v in_o carpentry_n for_o the_o management_n of_o their_o heavy_a timber_n and_o hard_a labour_n viz._n the_o jack_n the_o crab_n to_o which_o belong_v pulley_n and_o tackle_n etc._n etc._n wedge_n ruler_n great_a screw_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o they_o when_o i_o come_v to_o the_o explanation_n of_o term_n at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o carpentry_n §_o 13._o of_o the_o ten-foot_n rod_n and_o thereby_o to_o measure_v and_o describe_v the_o ground-plot_n we_o shall_v begin_v therefore_o to_o measure_v the_o ground-plot_n to_o which_o carpenter_n use_v a_o ten-foot_n rod_n for_o expedition_n which_o be_v a_o rod_n about_o a_o inch_n square_a and_o ten_o foot_n long_o be_v divide_v into_o ten_o equal_a part_n each_o part_n contain_v one_o foot_n even_o as_o the_o two-foot_n rule_v describe_v in_o exercise_n 6._o §_o 13._o be_v divide_v into_o 24_o equal_a part_n and_o their_o sub-division_n with_o this_o rod_n they_o measure_v the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o the_o ground-plot_n into_o foot_n and_o if_o there_o be_v odd_a inch_n they_o measure_v they_o with_o the_o two-foot_n rule_n their_o measure_n they_o note_v down_o upon_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n and_o have_v consider_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o side_n east_n west_n north_n and_o south_n they_o draw_v on_o paper_n their_o several_a side_n according_o by_o a_o small_a scale_n either_o elect_v or_o