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free_o dismiss_v edbricth_v king_n of_o kent_n than_o his_o prisoner_n without_o any_o ransom_n pay_v it_o be_v scarce_o credible_a in_o what_o great_a repute_n this_o monastery_n be_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o relic_n of_o k._n kenesm_n a_o child_n of_o 7_o year_n old_a who_o his_o sister_n private_o bereave_v of_o his_o life_n to_o gain_v the_o inheritance_n and_o who_o be_v by_o that_o age_n add_v to_o the_o number_n of_o martyr_n the_o neighbourhood_n of_o this_o place_n be_v former_o reckon_v as_o a_o county_n or_o sheriffdom_n by_o itself_o for_o we_o find_v in_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n of_o worcester_n these_o word_n edric_n surname_v streona_n that_o be_v the_o adquisitor_n the_o adquisitor_n acquirer_n who_o under_o ethelred_n and_o afterward_o under_o cnute_n or_o canute_n preside_v and_o reign_v as_o a_o viceroy_n over_o all_o england_n adjoin_v the_o sheriffdom_n of_o winchelcombe_n which_o be_v then_o a_o entire_a thing_n in_o itself_o to_o the_o county_n of_o gloucester_n bb_n coteswold_n bb_n thence_o i_o find_v nothing_o memorable_a but_o near_o the_o fountain_n of_o churn_n river_n coberley_n a_o seat_n of_o a_o stem_n of_o barkeleis_n so_o often_o name_v even_o from_o the_o conquest_n which_o match_v with_o a_o heir_n of_o chandos_n and_o so_o come_v hereditary_o to_o the_o bruges_n progenitor_n to_o the_o lord_n chandos_n then_o by_o bird-lip-hill_n whereby_o we_o ascend_v to_o this_o high_a coteswold_n low_a in_o the_o county_n lie_v brimesfield_n brimesfield_n brimesfield_n where_o the_o gifford_n be_v former_o lord_n baron_n giffords_n baron_n to_o who_o by_o marriage_n with_o the_o clifford_n come_v a_o plentiful_a estate_n but_o soon_o after_o have_v only_a daughter_n it_o fall_v to_o the_o lord_n le_fw-fr strange_n of_o blackmer_n the_o audley_n and_o other_o cc_o these_o place_n be_v situate_a among_o the_o hill_n but_o under_o the_o hill_n upon_o the_o east-confine_n of_o the_o county_n i_o see_v that_o famous_a roman_a highway_n call_v the_o fosse_n
17._o say_n full._n wor._n p._n 17._o that_o they_o who_o buy_v a_o house_n in_o hertfordshire_n pay_v two_o year_n purchase_v for_o the_o air_n of_o it_o but_o as_o for_o the_o pasture_n norden_n tell_v we_o there_o be_v but_o few_o to_o be_v meet_v withal_o and_o that_o their_o meadow_n though_o here_o and_o there_o disperse_v be_v many_o of_o they_o cold_a and_o mossy_a and_o as_o to_o the_o soil_n in_o general_n he_o add_v that_o in_o respect_n of_o some_o other_o shire_n it_o be_v but_o a_o barren_a country_n without_o the_o great_a toil_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o husbandman_n b_o in_o the_o northwest_n part_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v hitch_v hitch_v hitch_v which_o according_a to_o mr._n norden_n have_v its_o name_n from_o lie_v at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o wood_n call_v hitch_n that_o former_o come_v up_o to_o it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v true_a name_n must_v be_v hitchend_n the_o main_a business_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v mault_v and_o their_o market_n chief_o note_v for_o corn._n c_o go_v from_o hence_o to_o the_o southeast_n we_o find_v the_o barrow_n â—arrows_n â—arrows_n mention_v by_o our_o author_n which_o i_o be_o not_o willing_a to_o imagine_v be_v either_o roman_a burying-place_n or_o bound_n but_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v they_o have_v some_o relation_n to_o the_o dane_n for_o the_o hundred_o at_o a_o little_a distance_n call_v dacorum-hundred_n and_o the_o place_n within_o it_o dane-end_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o evidence_n of_o some_o remarkable_a thing_n or_o other_o the_o dane_n either_o do_v or_o suffer_v in_o this_o place_n and_o norden_n tell_v we_o but_o upon_o what_o ground_n i_o know_v not_o that_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v stop_v in_o this_o place_n where_o they_o receive_v a_o signal_n overthrow_n which_o if_o true_a and_o build_v upon_o good_a authority_n make_v the_o conjecture_n so_o much_o the_o more_o plausible_a do_v near_o the_o river_n lea_n lie_v hatfield_n hatâ—â—â—â—d_n hatâ—â—â—â—d_n now_o neither_o a_o royal_a nor_o bishop_n seat_n but_o 1â—_n but_o bâ—_n p._n 1â—_n belong_v to_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a pleasure_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o its_o park_n and_o other_o convenience_n for_o situation_n contrivance_n building_n prospect_n and_o other_o necessary_n to_o make_v a_o complete_a seat_n it_o give_v way_n to_o few_o in_o england_n from_o this_o place_n most_o of_o our_o historian_n affirm_v that_o william_n de_fw-fr hatfeld_n son_n to_o king_n edw._n 3._o take_v his_o name_n though_o it_o be_v real_o from_o hatfield_n in_o yorkshire_n where_o to_o the_o neighbour_a abbot_n of_o roch_n qu._n philippe_n give_v 5_o mark_n and_z 5_o nobles_z per_fw-la an._n to_o the_o monk_n to_o pray_v for_o the_o soul_n of_o this_o her_o son_n and_o the_o sum_n be_v transfer_v to_o the_o church_n of_o york_n be_v now_o pay_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o devonshire_n see_v the_o addition_n to_o yorkshire_n e_fw-la next_o the_o river_n run_v to_o hertford_n heâ—â—â—â—rd_v heâ—â—â—â—rd_v call_v in_o saxon_a heortford_n a_o name_n no_o doubt_n take_v from_o a_o hart_n with_o which_o one_o may_v easy_o imagine_v such_o a_o woody_a county_n to_o have_v former_o abound_v what_o our_o author_n say_v of_o the_o rubrum_n vadum_fw-la will_v indeed_o agree_v well_o enough_o to_o the_o south_n and_o west_n part_n of_o the_o county_n where_o the_o soil_n be_v a_o red_a earth_n mix_v with_o gravel_n but_o the_o hartingford_n adjoin_v make_v for_o the_o former_a opinion_n and_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o town_n which_o if_o right_o represent_v by_o mâ—ps_n by_o 〈◊〉_d mâ—ps_n speed_n be_v a_o hart_n couchant_a in_o the_o water_n put_v it_o beyond_o dispute_n there_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a school_n found_v by_o richard_n hale_v esq_n a_o native_a of_o this_o county_n who_o endow_v it_o with_o 40_o l._n per_fw-la an._n f_o from_o hence_o the_o river_n run_v to_o ware_n ware_n ware_n the_o denomination_n whereof_o from_o the_o wear_v and_o not_o as_o some_o imagine_v from_o ware_n or_o merchandise_n as_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o abundance_n of_o water_n thereabouts_o which_o may_v put_v they_o under_o a_o necessity_n of_o such_o contrivance_n so_o particular_o from_o the_o inundation_n in_o the_o year_n 1408._o when_v it_o be_v almost_o all_o drown_v since_o which_o time_n say_v norden_n and_o before_o there_o be_v great_a provision_n make_v by_o wayre_n and_o sluice_n for_o the_o better_a preservation_n of_o the_o town_n and_o the_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o the_o plenty_n of_o water_n hereabout_o give_v occasion_n to_o that_o useful_a project_n of_o cut_v the_o channel_n from_o thence_o to_o london_n and_o convey_v the_o new-river_n to_o the_o great_a advantage_n and_o convenience_n of_o that_o city_n g_o north_n from_o hence_o be_v burnt-pelham_n burnt-pâ—â—ham_a burnt-pâ—â—ham_a from_o some_o great_a fire_n or_o other_o that_o have_v happen_v there_o pâ—_n there_o nâ—rd_a pâ—_n there_o be_v some_o fragment_n and_o foundation_n of_o old_a building_n which_o appear_v plain_o to_o have_v be_v consume_v by_o fire_n and_o so_o to_o have_v give_v name_n to_o the_o place_n in_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o church_n be_v a_o very_a ancient_a monument_n namely_o a_o man_n figure_v in_o a_o stone_n and_o about_o he_o a_o eagle_n a_o lion_n and_o a_o bull_n all_o wing_a and_o a_o four_o of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o angel_n possible_o contrive_v to_o represent_v the_o four_o evangelist_n under_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o man_n a_o cross-flowry_a and_o under_o the_o cross_a a_o serpent_n but_o whether_o the_o monument_n be_v still_o there_o i_o can_v certain_o tell_v h_o next_o be_v stortford_n â—â—ortfâ—rd_n â—â—ortfâ—rd_n since_o our_o author_n age_n grow_v into_o a_o considerable_a place_n well_o stock_v with_o inn_n and_o a_o good_a market-town_n the_o castle_n there_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v of_o great_a strength_n have_v within_o it_o a_o dark_a and_o deep_a dungeon_n call_v the_o convict_n prison_n but_o whether_o that_o name_n denote_v some_o great_a privilege_n former_o belong_v to_o it_o i_o dare_v not_o with_o a_o late_a author_n affirm_v i_o but_o to_o return_n to_o the_o lea_n tybauld_n â—ybaulds_n â—ybaulds_n in_o our_o author_n time_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o beautiful_a seat_n in_o the_o county_n as_o it_o be_v build_v by_o sir_n william_n cecil_n so_o be_v it_o very_o much_o improve_v by_o his_o son_n sir_n robert_n who_o exchange_v it_o with_o king_n james_n 1._o for_o hatfield_n house_n 1â—_n fail_n wor._n 〈◊〉_d 1â—_n in_o the_o year_n 1651._o it_o be_v quite_o deface_v and_o the_o plunder_v of_o it_o share_v among_o the_o soldier_n alban_n 〈◊〉_d alban_n k_n but_o to_o go_v from_o hence_o towards_o the_o west_n the_o ancient_a verolamium_n first_o offer_v itself_o the_o antiquity_n whereof_o be_v so_o accurate_o describe_v by_o our_o author_n that_o little_o can_v be_v add_v ms._n 〈◊〉_d aâ—br_n ms._n some_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v and_o some_o of_o the_o roman_a brick_n still_o appear_v the_o great_a church_n here_o be_v build_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o old_a verulam_n and_o though_o time_n and_o weather_n have_v make_v the_o outside_n of_o it_o look_v like_a stone_n yet_o if_o you_o break_v one_o of_o they_o or_o go_v up_o to_o the_o tower_n the_o redness_n of_o a_o brick_n present_o appear_v about_o 1666._o there_o be_v find_v a_o copper_n coin_n which_o have_v on_o one_o side_n romulus_n and_o remus_n suck_v the_o wolf_n on_o the_o other_o rome_n but_o much_o deface_v l_o the_o brazen_a font_n mention_v by_o camden_n to_o have_v be_v bring_v out_o of_o scotland_n 32._o 〈◊〉_d full._n wor._n â—_o 32._o be_v now_o take_v away_o in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n as_o it_o seem_v by_o those_o hand_n which_o let_v nothing_o stand_v that_o can_v be_v convert_v into_o money_n m_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o town_n k._n edw._n 1._o erect_v a_o very_a stately_a cross_n about_o the_o year_n 1290._o in_o memory_n of_o qu._n eleanor_n who_o dâ—ing_v in_o lincolnshire_n be_v carry_v to_o westminster_n the_o same_o he_o do_v in_o several_a other_o place_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v some_o whereof_z be_v mention_v by_o our_o author_n under_o their_o proper_a head_n marquess_n viscount_n â—arls_n and_o marquess_n the_o place_n have_v give_v title_n to_o several_a person_n of_o quality_n that_o of_o viscount_n to_o the_o famous_a francis_n bacon_n lord_n verulam_n and_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n create_v viscount_n of_o this_o place_n jan._n 18._o 1620._o afterward_o richard_n de_fw-fr burgh_n earl_n of_o clanrikard_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o st._n alban_n by_o k._n charles_n 1._o and_o be_v succeed_v in_o that_o honour_n by_o ulick_n his_o son_n with_o who_o that_o title_n die_v for_o want_v of_o
monument_n there_o be_v a_o place_n call_v keun_n varehen_fw-ge which_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v denominate_v either_o from_o this_o barcun_fw-la or_o some_o other_o of_o the_o same_o name_n the_o three_o and_o four_o inscription_n be_v copy_v by_o my_o abovementioned_a friend_n mr._n erasmus_n saunders_n from_o a_o polish_a freestone_n at_o the_o west-end_n of_o the_o church_n of_o lhan_n vihangel_n gerwerth_n the_o four_o which_o seem_v less_o intelligible_a than_o the_o rest_n be_v also_o communicate_v by_o the_o same_o hand_n the_o stone_n whence_o he_o copy_v it_o be_v neat_o carve_v about_o 6_o foot_n high_a and_o 2_o foot_n broad_a and_o have_v a_o cavity_n on_o the_o top_n which_o make_v i_o suspect_v it_o to_o have_v be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o pedestal_n of_o a_o cross_n it_o may_v be_v see_v at_o a_o place_n denominate_v from_o it_o kae'r_o maen_n not_o far_o from_o aber_n sannan_n but_o for_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o inscription_n if_o it_o be_v any_o other_o than_o the_o stone-cutter_n name_n though_o i_o confess_v i_o know_v no_o name_n like_o it_o i_o must_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o reader_n be_v conjecture_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o lhan_n vair_n y_fw-fr bryn_n we_o find_v manifest_a sign_n of_o a_o place_n possess_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o not_o far_o from_o the_o east-end_n of_o the_o church_n labourer_n frequent_o dig_v up_o brick_n and_o meet_v with_o some_o other_o mark_n of_o roman_a antiquitiy_n and_o there_o be_v a_o very_a notable_a roman_a way_n of_o gravel_n and_o small_a pebble_n continue_v from_o that_o church_n to_o lhan_n brân_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o worshipful_a sackvil_n gwyn_n esq_n which_o as_o i_o be_o tell_v may_v be_v also_o trace_v betwixt_o this_o lhan_n vair_n and_o lhan_n deilaw_n vawr_n and_o be_v visible_a in_o several_a other_o place_n this_o country_n abound_v with_o ancient_a fort_n camp_n and_o tumuli_fw-la or_o barrow_n which_o we_o have_v not_o room_n here_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o i_o shall_v therefore_o mention_v only_o one_o barrow_n call_v krîg_v y_o dyrn_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o tre'lech_n which_o seem_v particular_o remarkable_a the_o circumference_n of_o it_o at_o bottom_n may_v be_v about_o 60_o pace_n the_o height_n about_o 6_o yard_n it_o rise_v with_o a_o easy_a ascent_n and_o be_v hollow_a on_o the_o top_n gentle_o incline_v from_o the_o circumference_n to_o the_o centre_n this_o barrow_n be_v not_o a_o mount_n of_o earth_n as_o other_o general_o be_v but_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v such_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n as_o be_v call_v in_o wales_n karnedheu_fw-la whereof_o the_o reader_n may_v see_v some_o account_n in_o radnorshire_n cover_v with_o turf_n at_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o cavity_n on_o the_o top_n we_o find_v a_o vast_a rude_a lhech_n or_o flat_a stone_n somewhat_o of_o a_o oval_a form_n about_o three_o yard_n in_o length_n five_o foot_n over_o where_o broad_a and_o about_o ten_o or_o twelve_o inch_n thick_a a_o dâ—â—â—_n a_o mâ—â—â—_n a_o 〈◊〉_d of_o lâ—â—â—â—_n dâ—â—â—_n gentleman_n to_o satisfy_v my_o curiosity_n have_v employ_v some_o labourer_n to_o search_v under_o it_o find_v it_o after_o remove_v much_o stone_n to_o be_v the_o cover_n of_o such_o a_o barbarous_a monument_n as_o we_o call_v kist-vaen_a or_o stone-chest_n which_o be_v about_o four_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n and_o about_o three_o foot_n broad_a but_o somewhat_o narrow_a at_o the_o east_n than_o west-end_n it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o 7_o stone_n viz._n the_o covering-stone_n already_o mention_v two_o side-stone_n one_o at_o each_o end_n and_o one_o behind_o each_o of_o these_o for_o the_o better_a secure_n or_o bolster_n of_o they_o all_o equal_o rude_a and_o about_o the_o same_o thickness_n the_o two_o last_o except_v which_o be_v considerable_o thick_a they_o find_v as_o well_o within_o the_o chest_n as_o without_o some_o rude_a piece_n of_o brick_n or_o stone_n burn_v like_o they_o and_o freestone_n some_o of_o which_o be_v wrought_v they_o observe_v also_o some_o piece_n of_o bone_n but_o such_o as_o they_o suppose_v only_o bring_v in_o by_o fox_n but_o not_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o chest_n we_o know_v not_o what_o else_o it_o may_v afford_v krîg_v y_o dyrn_n the_o name_n of_o this_o tumulus_n be_v now_o scarce_o intelligible_a but_o if_o a_o conjecture_n may_v be_v allow_v i_o shall_v be_v apt_a to_o interpret_v it_o king_n barrow_n i_o be_o sensible_a that_o even_o such_o as_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n maâ—_n at_o first_o view_n think_v this_o a_o groundless_a opinion_n and_o wonder_v what_o i_o aim_v at_o but_o when_o they_o consider_v that_o the_o common_a word_n teyrnas_n which_o signify_v a_o kingdom_n be_v only_o a_o derivative_a from_o the_o old_a word_n teyrn_n which_o be_v original_o the_o same_o with_o tyrannus_n and_o signify_v a_o king_n or_o prince_n they_o will_v perhaps_o acknowledge_v it_o not_o altogether_o improbable_a and_o consider_v the_o rudeness_n of_o the_o monument_n describe_v and_o yet_o the_o labour_n and_o force_v require_v in_o erect_v it_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v it_o the_o barrow_n of_o some_o british_a prince_n who_o may_v live_v probable_o before_o the_o roman_a conquest_n for_o see_v it_o be_v much_o too_o barbarous_a to_o be_v suppose_v roman_a and_o that_o we_o do_v not_o find_v in_o history_n that_o the_o saxon_n be_v ever_o concern_v here_o or_o the_o dane_n any_o far_a than_o in_o plunder_v the_o seacoast_n it_o seem_v necessary_a to_o conclude_v it_o british_a that_o it_o be_v a_o royal_a sepulchre_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o infer_v partly_o from_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o name_n which_o be_v not_o understand_v in_o these_o age_n can_v not_o therefore_o be_v any_o novel_a invention_n of_o the_o vulgar_a and_o partly_o for_o that_o as_o i_o hint_v already_o more_o labour_n and_o force_n be_v require_v here_o than_o we_o can_v suppose_v to_o be_v allow_v to_o person_n of_o inferior_a quality_n that_o it_o be_v old_a than_o christianity_n there_o be_v no_o room_n to_o doubt_v but_o that_o it_o be_v before_o the_o roman_a conquest_n be_v only_o my_o conjecture_n suppose_v that_o after_o the_o britain_n be_v reduce_v by_o the_o roman_n they_o have_v none_o who_o they_o can_v call_v teyrn_n or_o king_n who_o corpse_n or_o ash_n may_v be_v reposit_v here_o gwâ_o vilast_n or_o bwrdh_n arthur_n in_o lhan_n boudy_z parish_n be_v a_o monument_n in_o some_o respect_n like_o that_o we_o have_v describe_v at_o this_o barrow_n viz._n a_o rude_a stone_n about_o ten_o yard_n in_o circumference_n and_o above_o three_o foot_n thick_a support_v by_o four_o pillar_n which_o be_v about_o two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n but_o buarth_n arthur_n or_o meineu_fw-fr gŵyr_n on_o a_o mountain_n near_o kîl_n y_o maen_fw-la lhŵyd_v be_v one_o of_o that_o kind_n of_o circular_a stone-monument_n our_o english_a historian_n ascribe_v to_o the_o dane_n the_o diameter_n of_o the_o circle_n be_v about_o twenty_o yard_n the_o stone_n be_v as_o rude_a as_o may_v be_v and_o pitch_v on_o end_n at_o uncertain_a distance_n from_o each_o other_o some_o at_o three_o or_o four_o foot_n but_o other_o about_o two_o yard_n and_o be_v also_o of_o several_a height_n some_o be_v about_o three_o or_o four_o foot_n high_a and_o other_o five_o or_o six_o there_o be_v now_o stand_v here_o fifteen_o of_o they_o but_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v seven_o or_o eight_o carry_v off_o the_o entry_n into_o it_o for_o about_o the_o space_n of_o three_o yard_n be_v guard_v on_o each_o side_n with_o stone_n much_o low_o and_o less_o than_o those_o of_o the_o circle_n pitch_v so_o close_o as_o to_o be_v contiguous_a and_o over_o against_o this_o avenue_n at_o the_o distance_n of_o about_o 200_o pace_n there_o stand_v on_o end_n three_o other_o large_a rude_a stone_n which_o i_o therefore_o note_v particular_o because_o there_o be_v also_o four_o or_o five_o stone_n erect_v at_o such_o a_o distance_n from_o that_o circular_a monument_n they_o call_v king's-stone_n near_o little_a rolrich_n in_o oxfordshire_n as_o for_o the_o name_n of_o bruarth_n arthur_n it_o be_v only_o a_o nick_n name_n of_o the_o vulgar_a who_o humour_n it_o be_v though_o not_o so_o much_o as_o some_o have_v imagine_v out_o of_o ignorance_n and_o credulity_n as_o a_o kind_n of_o rustic_a diversion_n to_o dedicate_v many_o unaccountable_a monument_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o that_o hero_n call_v some_o stone_n of_o several_a tun_n weight_n his_o coit_n other_o his_o table_n chair_n etc._n etc._n but_o meineu_fw-fr gŵyr_n be_v so_o old_a a_o name_n that_o it_o seem_v scarce_o intelligible_a meineu_fw-fr be_v indeed_o our_o common_a word_n for_o large_a stone_n but_o gŵyr_n in_o the_o present_a british_a signify_v only_o crooked_a which_o be_v scarce_o applicable_a to_o these_o stone_n unless_o we_o
so_o that_o have_v climb_v up_o one_o rock_n we_o come_v to_o a_o valley_n and_o most_o common_o to_o a_o lake_n and_o pass_v by_o that_o we_o ascend_v another_o and_o sometime_o a_o three_o and_o a_o four_o before_o we_o arrive_v at_o the_o high_a peak_n these_o mountain_n as_o well_o as_o kader_n idris_n and_o some_o other_o in_o meirionydhshire_n differ_v from_o those_o by_o brecknock_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o south-wales_n in_o that_o they_o abound_v much_o more_o with_o naked_a and_o inaccessible_a rock_n and_o that_o their_o low_a skirt_n and_o valley_n be_v always_o either_o cover_v or_o scatter_v over_o with_o fragment_n of_o rock_n of_o all_o magnitude_n most_o of_o which_o i_o presume_v to_o have_v fall_v from_o the_o impendent_a cliff_n but_o of_o this_o something_o more_o particular_a may_v be_v see_v in_o mr._n ray_n physico-theological_a discourse_n pag._n 285._o wherefore_o i_o shall_v mention_v here_o only_o two_o place_n which_o seem_v to_o i_o more_o especial_o remarkable_a the_o first_o be_v the_o summit_n or_o utmost_a top_n of_o the_o glyder_n a_o mountain_n abovementioned_a as_o one_o of_o the_o high_a in_o these_o part_n where_o i_o observe_v prodigious_a heap_n of_o stone_n many_o of_o they_o of_o the_o largeness_n of_o those_o of_o stone-honge_a wiltshire_n stone-honge_a see_v wiltshire_n but_o of_o all_o the_o irregular_a shape_n imaginable_a and_o all_o lie_v in_o such_o confusion_n as_o the_o ruin_n of_o any_o building_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o do_v now_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o can_v well_o imagine_v how_o this_o have_v happen_v for_o that_o ever_o they_o shall_v be_v indeed_o the_o ruin_n of_o some_o edifice_n i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n allow_v in_o regard_n that_o most_o of_o they_o be_v whole_o as_o irregular_a as_o those_o that_o have_v fall_v to_o the_o valley_n we_o must_v then_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v the_o skeleton_n of_o the_o hill_n expose_v to_o open_a view_n by_o rain_n snow_n etc._n etc._n but_o how_o then_o come_v they_o to_o lie_v across_o each_o other_o in_o this_o confusion_n some_o of_o they_o be_v of_o a_o oblong_a flat_a form_n have_v their_o two_o end_n ex_fw-la gr_n east_n and_o west_n other_o lay_v athwart_o these_o some_o flat_a but_o many_o incline_n be_v support_v by_o other_o stone_n at_o the_o one_o end_n whereas_o we_o find_v by_o rock_n and_o quarry_n the_o natural_a position_n of_o stone_n be_v much_o more_o uniform_a have_v they_o be_v in_o a_o valley_n i_o have_v conclude_v they_o have_v fall_v from_o the_o neighbour_a rock_n because_o we_o find_v frequent_a example_n of_o such_o heap_n of_o stone_n augment_v by_o accession_n of_o other_o tumble_v on_o they_o but_o be_v on_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o hill_n they_o seem_v to_o i_o much_o more_o remarkable_a the_o other_o place_n i_o think_v no_o less_o observable_a though_o for_o contrary_a reason_n that_o be_v as_o regular_a and_o uniform_a as_o this_o be_v disorder_v and_o confuse_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o same_o hill_n there_o be_v among_o many_o other_o one_o naked_a precipice_n name_n precipice_n thâ—_n kâ—grâ—_n neaâ—_n sâ—vyâ—â—â—_fw-mi be_v peâ—â—â—_n one_o iâ—_n there_o 〈◊〉_d dâ—tâ—â—â—_n by_o â—â—_o partiâ—â—_n name_n as_o steep_a as_o any_o i_o have_v see_v but_o so_o adorn_v with_o numerous_a equidistant_a pillar_n and_o these_o again_o slight_o cross_v at_o certain_a joint_n that_o such_o as_o will_v favour_v the_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o ingenious_a author_n of_o the_o sacred_a theory_n may_v suppose_v it_o one_o small_a pattern_n of_o the_o antediluvian_n earth_n but_o this_o seem_v to_o i_o much_o more_o accountable_a than_o the_o former_a for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o gullet_n or_o interstice_n between_o the_o pillar_n be_v occasion_v by_o a_o continual_a drop_n of_o water_n down_o this_o cliff_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o frequent_a cloud_n rains_n and_o snow_n that_o this_o high_a rock_n expose_v to_o a_o westerly_a sea-wind_n be_v subject_a to_o but_o that_o the_o effect_n of_o such_o storm_n be_v more_o remarkable_o regular_a on_o this_o cliff_n than_o other_o proceed_v partly_o from_o its_o situation_n and_o partly_o from_o the_o texture_n or_o constitution_n of_o the_o stone_n it_o consist_v of_o however_o we_o must_v allow_v a_o natural_a regularity_n in_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o rock_n which_o the_o storm_n only_o render_v more_o conspicuous_a that_o these_o mountain_n be_v throughout_o the_o year_n cover_v either_o with_o snow_n or_o a_o harden_v crust_n of_o snow_n of_o several_a year_n continuance_n etc._n etc._n be_v a_o wrong_a information_n our_o author_n probable_o receive_v from_o some_o person_n who_o have_v never_o be_v at_o they_o for_o general_o speak_v there_o be_v no_o snow_n here_o from_o the_o end_n of_o april_n to_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n some_o heap_n except_v which_o often_o remain_v near_o the_o top_n of_o moel_n y_fw-fr wydhva_n and_o karnedh_n lhewelyn_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n ere_o they_o be_v total_o waste_v it_o often_o snow_v on_o the_o top_n of_o these_o mountain_n in_o may_n and_o june_n but_o that_o snow_n or_o rather_o sleet_n melt_v as_o fast_o as_o it_o fall_v and_o the_o same_o shower_n that_o fall_v then_o in_o snow_n on_o the_o high_a mountain_n be_v but_o rain_n in_o the_o valley_n as_o for_o a_o incrustation_n of_o snow_n or_o ice_n of_o several_a year_n continuance_n we_o know_v not_o in_o wales_n what_o it_o mean_v though_o wagnerus_fw-la seâ—â—â—_n wagnerus_fw-la jâ—â—_n waâ—â—â—_n haâ—t_n 〈◊〉_d heâ—â—â—_n coâ—â—â—_n seâ—â—â—_n tell_v we_o they_o be_v common_a in_o the_o alps_o of_o switzerland_n tempore_fw-la aestivo_fw-la quoque_fw-la suprema_fw-la alpium_fw-la culmina_fw-la aeternâ_fw-la ac_fw-la invictâ_fw-la glacie_n rigent_fw-la perpetuisque_fw-la nivibus_fw-la sunt_fw-la obtecta_fw-la and_o add_v there_o be_v mountain_n crown_v with_o hillock_n or_o vast_a heap_n of_o such_o ice_n call_v by_o they_o firn_n or_o gletscher_fw-fr which_o may_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v continue_v for_o two_o or_o three_o thousand_o year_n insomuch_o that_o for_o hardness_n it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v rather_o crystal_n than_o ice_n etc._n etc._n the_o number_n of_o lake_n in_o this_o mountainous_a tract_n may_v be_v about_o fifty_o or_o threescore_o i_o take_v a_o catalogue_n of_o fifteen_o visible_a from_o the_o top_n of_o moel_n y_fw-fr wydhva_n these_o be_v general_o denominate_v either_o from_o the_o river_n they_o pour_v forth_o or_o from_o the_o colour_n of_o their_o water_n among_o which_o i_o observe_v one_o under_o the_o high_a peak_n of_o snowdon_n call_v fynon_n lâ_v that_o signify_v the_o green_a fountain_n which_o i_o therefore_o think_v remarkable_a because_o mr._n ray_n etc._n ray_n obsertion_n tâ—_n graph_n etc._n etc._n observe_v that_o the_o water_n of_o some_o of_o the_o alpine_a lake_n be_v also_o incline_v to_o that_o colour_n other_o receive_v their_o name_n from_o some_o village_n or_o parish-church_n adjoin_v or_o from_o a_o remarkable_a mountain_n or_o rock_n under_o which_o they_o be_v situate_v and_o some_o there_o be_v though_o very_o few_o distinguish_v by_o name_n scarce_o intelligible_a to_o the_o best_a critic_n in_o the_o british_a as_o lhyn_a teirn_n lhyn_n eigiau_n lhyn_n lhydaw_n of_o â—â—me_n â—ight_n â—nâ—erpret_v the_o 〈◊〉_d former_a tâ—ngâ—-nearâ—nd_a â—nd_z sâ—â—â—ieâ—â—â—r_n the_o â—â—ed_a jeirnâ—gâ—â—â—ing_n â—gâ—â—â—ing_z a_o â—â—a_fw-mi â—â—â—r_n and_o 〈◊〉_d of_o th._n lhyâ—â—s_n be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—ereby_o â—e_v call_v arâ—â—â—a_n but_o purify_v â—â—thing_v â—e_n we_o â—â—w_v of_o etc._n etc._n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la as_o our_o author_n observe_v inform_v we_o of_o two_o lake_n on_o the_o high_a top_n of_o these_o mountain_n one_o of_o which_o be_v remarkable_a for_o a_o wander_a island_n and_o the_o other_o no_o less_o strange_a for_o that_o all_o the_o fish_n in_o it_o though_o it_o abound_v with_o eel_n trout_n and_o perch_n be_v monocular_a want_v the_o left_a eye_n to_o this_o we_o must_v beg_v leave_n to_o answer_v that_o among_o all_o the_o lake_n in_o this_o mountainous_a country_n there_o be_v not_o one_o seat_v on_o the_o high_a part_n of_o a_o hill_n all_o of_o they_o be_v spread_v in_o valley_n either_o high_o or_o low_o and_o feed_v by_o the_o spring_n and_o rivulet_n of_o the_o rock_n and_o cliff_n that_o be_v above_o they_o the_o lake_n wherein_o he_o tell_v we_o there_o be_v a_o wander_a island_n be_v a_o small_a pond_n call_v lhyn_a Å·_n dywà rchen_n i.e._n lacus_n cespitis_fw-la from_o a_o little_a green_a patch_n neaâ—_n the_o brink_n of_o it_o which_o be_v all_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o fable_n of_o the_o wander_a island_n but_o whence_o that_o other_o of_o monocular_a fish_n which_o he_o say_v be_v find_v also_o at_o two_o place_n in_o scotland_n take_v beginning_n i_o can_v conjecture_v most_o of_o these_o lake_n be_v well_o store_v with_o fish_n but_o general_o they_o afford_v no_o other_o kind_n than_o trout_n and_o eel_n the_o torgochiaid_n
and_o alderman_n have_v sometime_o be_v deceive_v in_o their_o choice_n admit_v none_o into_o their_o almshouse_n but_o such_o as_o will_v give_v bond_n to_o leave_v their_o effect_n to_o the_o poor_a when_o they_o die_v a_o good_a example_n to_o other_o place_n the_o principal_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n be_v make_v malt_n oatmeal_n and_o tann'd-leather_n but_o the_o poor_a people_n most_o support_v themselves_o by_o work_v of_o bonelace_n which_o of_o late_o have_v meet_v with_o particular_a encouragement_n the_o child_n be_v maintain_v at_o school_n to_o learn_v to_o read_v and_o to_o work_v this_o sort_n of_o lace_n the_o cloath-trade_n be_v former_o follow_v in_o this_o town_n but_o m_o but_o â—in_a m_o leland_n tell_v we_o that_o even_o in_o his_o time_n it_o be_v very_o much_o decay_v they_o have_v several_a fair_n but_o one_o more_o especial_o remarkable_a begin_v about_o nine_o day_n before_o ascension-day_n and_o keep_v in_o a_o street_n lead_v to_o the_o minster-garth_a call_v londoner-street_n for_o then_o the_o londoner_n bring_v down_o their_o ware_n and_o furnish_v the_o country-tradesman_n by_o wholesale_n about_o a_o mile_n from_o beverley_n to_o the_o east_n in_o a_o pasture_n belong_v to_o the_o town_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o spa_n though_o they_o say_v it_o can_v be_v judge_v by_o the_o taste_n whether_o or_o no_o it_o come_v from_o any_o mineral_n yet_o take_v inward_o it_o be_v a_o great_a dryer_n and_o wash_v d_o in_o dry_v scorbutic_a scurf_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o scab_n and_o also_o very_o much_o help_v the_o king_n be_v evil._n h_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n hull_n be_v kingston_n hâ—â—â—_n kingâ—â—â—_n upon_o hâ—â—â—_n call_v in_o all_o writing_n of_o concernment_n kingston_n super_fw-la hull_n the_o wall_n and_o townditch_n be_v make_v by_o leave_n from_o king_n edward_n 2._o but_o richard_n 2._o give_v they_o the_o present_a haven_n which_o now_o it_o be_v fear_v will_v short_o be_v warp_a up_o at_o the_o mouth_n if_o speedy_a care_n be_v not_o take_v about_o it_o it_o be_v a_o town_n very_o considerable_a for_o merchandise_n be_v the_o scale_n of_o trade_n to_o york_n leeds_n nottingham_n gainsborough_n and_o several_a other_o place_n as_o also_o for_o import_v good_n from_o beyond_o sea_n and_o for_o the_o better_a convenience_n of_o manage_v their_o trade_n they_o have_v a_o exchange_n for_o merchant_n build_v in_o 1621._o and_o much_o beautify_v in_o 1673._o above_o that_o be_v the_o custom-house_n and_o near_o these_o the_o wool-house_n make_v use_v of_o former_o without_o all_o doubt_n for_o the_o sell_n and_o weigh_v of_o wool_n as_o well_o as_o lead_v but_o now_o only_o for_o the_o latter_a when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v or_o ship_v here_o on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o river_n be_v build_v a_o strong_a citadel_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1681._o and_o include_v the_o castle_n and_o south-blockhouse_a it_o have_v convenient_a apartment_n for_o lodging_n a_o good_a many_o soldier_n with_o distinct_a house_n for_o the_o officer_n have_v also_o a_o engine_n for_o make_v salt-water_n fresh_a and_o be_v well-furnished_a with_o ordnance_n but_o yet_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o town_n do_v not_o consist_v so_o much_o in_o its_o wall_n or_o fortification_n as_o it_o be_v situation_n for_o all_o the_o country_n be_v a_o perfect_a level_n by_o cut_v the_o sea-bank_n they_o can_v let_v in_o the_o â—â—ood_a and_o lay_v it_o for_o five_o mile_n round_o under_o water_n which_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o place_n at_o the_o late_a revolution_n have_v design_v to_o do_v if_o the_o then_o prince_n of_o orange_n have_v land_v there_o as_o be_v once_o think_v for_o he_o have_v cause_v several_a floodgate_n to_o be_v make_v and_o pitch_v upon_o certain_a place_n about_o the_o town_n and_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o humber_n for_o cut_v the_o town_n have_v two_o church_n one_o call_v the_o highchurch_n a_o very_a spacious_a and_o beautiful_a build_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o 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distant_a from_o pontefraict_n pyrola_fw-it ger._n j._n b._n nostras_fw-la vulgaris_fw-la park_n common_a winter-green_n we_o find_v it_o near_o halifax_n by_o the_o way_n lead_v to_o kighley_n but_o most_o plentiful_o on_o the_o moor_n south_n of_o heptenstall_n in_o the_o way_n to_o burnley_n for_o near_a a_o mile_n ride_v pyrola_fw-it folio_fw-la mucronato_fw-mi serrato_fw-la c._n b._n serrato_fw-la j._n b._n tenerior_a park_n secunda_fw-la tenerior_fw-la clusii_n ger._n sharppointed_n winter-green_n with_o serrate_n leave_v in_o haselwood-wood_n near_o sir_n walter_n vavasor_n park_n polygonatum_fw-la floribus_fw-la ex_fw-la singularibus_fw-la pediculis_fw-la j._n b._n latifolium_fw-la flore_fw-la majore_fw-la odoro_fw-la c._n b._n majus_fw-la flore_fw-la majore_fw-la park_n latifolium_fw-la 2._o clusii_n ger._n sweet_a smell_v solomon_n seal_n with_o flower_n on_o single_a foot-stalk_n on_o the_o ledge_n of_o the_o scar_n or_o cliff_n near_o settle_n and_o wharf_n primula_n veris_fw-la flore_fw-la rubro_fw-la ger._n clus_o paralysis_n minor_a flore_fw-la rubro_fw-la park-parad_a verbasculum_fw-la umbellatum_fw-la alpinum_fw-la minus_fw-la c._n b_o birds-eyn_a in_o the_o mountainous_a meadow_n about_o ingleborough_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o moist_a and_o watery_a place_n pyrola_fw-it alsines_fw-mi floor_z europaea_n c._n b._n park_n herba_fw-la trientalis_fw-la j._n b._n winter_n green_a with_o chickweed_n flower_n at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o rumbles-mear_a near_o helwick_n pyrola_fw-it alsines_fw-mi floor_z brasiliana_n c._n b._n prod_v winter_n green_a chickweed_n of_o brasil_n find_a near_o gisburgh_n in_o cleveland_n as_o be_v attest_v to_o i_o by_o mr._n lawson_n ranunculus_fw-la globosus_fw-la ger._n park_n parad_a floor_z globoso_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la trollius_n flos_fw-la j._n b._n montanus_fw-la aconiti_fw-la folio_fw-la flore_fw-la globoso_fw-la c._n b._n indeed_o it_o ought_v rather_o to_o be_v entitle_v a_o aconite_n or_o wolfsbane_n with_o a_o 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it_o be_v very_o frequent_a rosmarinum_fw-la sylvestre_fw-fr minus_fw-la nostras_fw-la park_n ledum_o palustre_fw-it potiùs_fw-la dicendum_fw-la wild_a rosemary_n or_o marsh_n holy_a rose_n on_o mosses_n and_o moorish_a ground_n rubus_fw-la saxatilis_fw-la ger._n alpinus_n saxatilis_fw-la park_n alpinus_n humilis_fw-la j._n b._n chamaerubus_fw-la saxatilis_fw-la c._n b._n the_o stone-bramble_n or_o raspis_n on_o the_o side_n of_o ingleborough_n hill_n and_o other_o hill_n in_o the_o west-riding_a salix_fw-la folio_fw-la laureo_fw-la seu_fw-la lato_n glabro_fw-la odorato_fw-la bay-leaved_a sweet_a willow_n in_o the_o mountainous_a part_n of_o the_o west-riding_a by_o the_o river_n and_o rivulet_n salix_fw-la pumila_fw-la montana_fw-la folio_fw-la rotundo_fw-la j._n b._n round-leaved_n mountainous_a dwarf_n willow_n on_o the_o rock_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o ingleborough_n hill_n on_o the_o north-side_n and_o on_o a_o hill_n call_v whernside_n over_o against_o ingleborough_n on_o the_o 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flore_fw-la rubente_fw-la park_n palustre_fw-it subhirsutum_fw-la purpureum_fw-la c._n b._n small_a marsh-sengreen_a on_o the_o moist_a rock_n about_o ingleborough-hill_n as_o you_o go_v from_o the_o hill_n to_o horton_n in_o ribblesdale_n in_o a_o ground_n where_o peat_n be_v get_v in_o great_a plenty_n sideritis_fw-la arvensis_fw-la latifolia_fw-la hirsuta_fw-la flore_fw-la luteo_fw-la broad-leaved_a rough_a field-ironwort_a with_o a_o large_a flower_n in_o the_o west-riding_a of_o yorkshire_n about_o sheffield_n darfield_n wakefield_n etc._n etc._n among_o the_o corn_n plentiful_o trachelium_fw-la majus_fw-la belgarum_fw-la giant_n throatwort_n every_o where_o among_o the_o mountain_n thalictrum_n minus_fw-la ger._n park_n c._n b._n the_o lesser_a meadow-rue_a nothing_o more_o common_a on_o the_o rock_n about_o malham_n and_o wharfe_n thlaspi_n foliis_fw-la globulariae_n j._n b._n montanum_fw-la glasti_fw-la folio_fw-la minus_fw-la park_n c._n b._n opp_n in_o the_o mountainous_a pasture_n go_v from_o settle_n to_o malham_n plentiful_o thlaspi_n vel_fw-la potiùs_fw-la leucoium_n sive_fw-la lunaria_n vasculo_fw-la sublongo_fw-la intorto_fw-la lunar_a violet_n with_o a_o oblong_a wreath_a cod_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n ingleborough_n and_o hinckel-haugh_a in_o moist_a place_n and_o where_o water_n spring_v vaccinia_fw-la nubis_fw-la ger._n chamaemorus_n clus_o anglica_n park_n item_n cambro-britannica_a ejusdem_fw-la rubo_fw-la idaeo_n minori_fw-la affinis_fw-la chamaemorus_n j._n b._n chamaemorus_n folio_n rib_n anglica_n c._n b._n cloud-berry_n knot-berry_n or_o knout-berry_n this_o i_o find_v plentiful_o grow_v and_o bear_v fruit_n on_o hinckel-haugh_a near_o settle_n i_o have_v find_v it_o also_o in_o ingleborough_n and_o pendle_n hill_n but_o not_o in_o
the_o boundrod_n from_o northumberland_n by_o the_o river_n tweed_n run_v between_o they_o for_o about_o eight_o mile_n this_o river_n be_v one_o of_o the_o 3_o that_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o same_o tract_n of_o hill_n clide_n run_v west_n towards_o dumbarton_n anand_n south_n towards_o solway-sand_n and_o this_o east_n towards_o berwick_n it_o be_v of_o a_o swift_a couâ—se_n environ_v with_o hill_n run_v through_o tweedale-forest_n and_o teviotdale_n before_o it_o go_v into_o the_o ocean_n it_o be_v current_n be_v above_o 50_o mile_n in_o all_o which_o compass_n it_o have_v only_o two_o bridge_n one_o at_o pebble_n of_o 5_o arch_n and_o another_o at_o berwick_n of_o 15._o it_o have_v one_o at_o melross_n the_o pillar_n whereof_o be_v yet_o stand_v and_o another_o be_v intend_v at_o kelso_n the_o length_n of_o this_o county_n be_v 20_o mile_n from_o lamberton_n to_o ridp_v on_o the_o southside_n and_o from_o cockburns-path_n to_o seeinghill-kirk_a on_o the_o north-side_n but_o take_v the_o length_n anglewise_o it_o be_v from_o lamberton_n to_o lauclugh_n direct_a east_n and_o west_n 24_o mile_n it_o be_v breadth_n be_v about_o 14_o mile_n whether_o you_o take_v it_o on_o the_o west-end_n south-end_n or_o middle_a of_o the_o shire_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n mers_n â—â—â—s_n â—â—â—s_n lammermoor_n and_o lauderdale_n the_o mers_n be_v a_o pleasant_a low_a ground_n lie_v open_a to_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o guard_v from_o storm_n by_o lammermoor_n so_o that_o the_o soil_n be_v fertile_a and_o afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o oat_n barley_n wheat_n pease_n etc._n etc._n with_o abundance_n of_o hay_n lammermoor_n â—â—mmerâ—â—â—r_n â—â—mmerâ—â—â—r_n be_v a_o great_a tract_n of_o hill_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o shire_n above_o 16_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 6_o at_o least_o in_o breadth_n abound_v with_o moss_n and_o moor_n the_o west_n end_n of_o they_o for_o four_o mile_n together_o belong_v to_o lauderdale_n the_o rest_n of_o it_o eastward_o be_v almost_o equal_o part_v between_o east-lothian_n and_o mers_n the_o peculiar_a use_n of_o this_o tract_n be_v pasturage_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n and_o the_o game_n it_o afford_v by_o the_o abundance_n of_o partridge_n moorfowl_n plover_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o product_n of_o these_o part_n be_v not_o reckon_v so_o good_a as_o of_o other_o be_v general_o sell_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n lauderdale_n lauderdale_n lauderdale_n be_v a_o tract_n of_o ground_n lie_v on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o water_n of_o leider_n abound_v with_o pleasant_a haugh_v green_a hill_n and_o some_o wood_n well_o store_v also_o with_o corn_n and_o pasturage_n the_o judicatories_n â—â—dicatoâ—â—â—â—_n â—â—dicatoâ—â—â—â—_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v 1._o the_o sherif-court_n which_o sit_v at_o the_o town_n of_o duns_n 2._o the_o commissariot_n which_o sit_v at_o lawder_n 3._o the_o regality_n of_o thirlstan_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o lauderdale_n 4._o the_o regality_n of_o preston_n and_o forest_n of_o dye_n belong_v to_o the_o marquis_n of_o douglas_n 5._o the_o lordship_n of_o coldingham_n and_o stewartry_n of_o march_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o hume_n who_o be_v sheriff_n and_o have_v his_o residence_n at_o hirsell_n the_o more_o remarkable_a place_n beside_o those_o mention_v by_o our_o author_n be_v duns_n â—â—ns_n â—â—ns_n a_o burgh_n of_o barony_n stand_v upon_o a_o rise_a ground_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o shire_n every_o wednesday_n it_o have_v a_o great_a market_n of_o sheep_n horse_n and_o cow_n and_o be_v famous_a for_o be_v repute_v the_o birthplace_n of_o joannes_n duns_n scotus_n a_o gentleman_n a_o laird_n of_o that_o name_n be_v still_o there_o eymouth_n â—â—mouth_n â—â—mouth_n the_o only_a port_n in_o the_o shire_n for_o ship_v which_o be_v fortify_v by_o the_o french_a in_o queen_n mary_n minority_n ersilton_n â—â—silton_fw-mi â—â—silton_fw-mi or_o earlstown_n famous_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o thomas_n lermouth_n call_v thomas_n the_o rymer_n hume_z for_o the_o castle_n now_o demolish_v caldstream_n â—â—â—dâ—â—â—â—am_fw-la â—â—â—dâ—â—â—â—am_fw-la a_o market_n town_n lie_v close_o upon_o tweed_n greenlaw_n greenlaw_n greenlaw_n a_o burgh_n of_o barony_n with_o a_o weekly_a market_n fouldon_n a_o large_a town_n rosse_n â—â—â—se_n â—â—â—se_n famous_a for_o its_o harbour_n and_o plenty_n of_o fish_n aton_n situate_v upon_o the_o water_n of_o ay_o white-coat_n white-coat_n white-coat_n where_o be_v a_o harbour_n for_o herring-fishing_a about_o bastenrig_v on_o the_o east-hand_n and_o the_o moriston_n and_o mellerstoun_n down_n on_o the_o west_n they_o frequent_o take_v the_o dotterel_n dotterel_n dotterel_n a_o rare_a fowl_n towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o april_n and_o beginning_n of_o may._n do_v next_o the_o mers_n along_o the_o south_n of_o the_o firth_n or_o forth_n lie_v the_o country_n call_v lothian_n have_v mers_n to_o the_o east_n part_n of_o lammermoor_n and_o part_n of_o lauderdale_n with_o the_o forest_n and_o tweedale_n to_o the_o south_n part_n of_o clidsdale_n and_o stirlingshire_n to_o the_o west_n and_o to_o the_o north_n the_o firth_n or_o forth_n it_o be_v in_o length_n from_o cockburns-path_n in_o the_o east_n to_o the_o shire_n of_o clidsdale_n about_o 57_o mile_n and_o where_o it_o be_v broad_a between_o 16_o and_o 17_o mile_n over_o to_o what_o our_o author_n have_v say_v in_o commendation_n of_o it_o may_v be_v add_v its_o number_n of_o town_n with_o seat_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n wherein_o it_o go_v much_o beyond_o the_o rest_n of_o scotland_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o 3_o distinct_a tract_n call_v east-lothian_n mid-lothian_n and_o west-lothian_n east-lothian_n east-lothian_n east-lothian_n or_o the_o constabulary_a or_o shire_n of_o hadington_n so_o call_v from_o hadington_n one_o of_o the_o three_o burghs-royal_a and_o seat_n of_o the_o court_n be_v in_o length_n about_o 22_o and_o in_o breadth_n about_o 12_o mile_n bound_v by_o the_o firth_n on_o the_o north_n and_o east_n by_o a_o tract_n of_o hill_n call_v lammermoor_n on_o the_o south_n and_o by_o mid-lothian_n on_o the_o west_n it_o abound_v with_o corn_n of_o all_o sort_n have_v good_a store_n of_o grass_n with_o some_o considerable_a wood_n as_o prestmennan_n colston_n humbie_n and_o ormestan_n and_o abundance_n of_o coal_n and_o limestone_n it_o have_v good_a store_n of_o sheep_n especial_o towards_o the_o hill_n of_o lammermoor_n and_o by_o west_n lammerlaw_n and_o from_o the_o west_n part_n to_o the_o sea_n all_o along_o to_o the_o east_n it_o abound_v with_o coney_n it_o have_v many_o salt-pan_n wherein_o much_o white_a salt_n be_v make_v and_o at_o new-milns_a there_o be_v a_o considerable_a manufactory_a of_o broad-cloath_n the_o sea-coast_n be_v accommodate_v with_o many_o convenient_a harbour_n and_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o several_a fish-town_n particular_o at_o dumbar_n and_o on_o the_o coast_n thereabouts_o every_o year_n after_o lammas_n there_o be_v a_o herring-fishing_a where_o they_o take_v great_a number_n not_o only_o to_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o also_o for_o exportation_n the_o first_o considerable_a place_n we_o meet_v with_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v dunglas_n dunglas_n dunglas_n a_o pleasant_a seat_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n which_o former_o belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o hume_n but_o have_v now_o another_o owner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o late_a war_n a_o garrison_n be_v keep_v there_o by_o the_o earl_n of_o hadington_n for_o the_o army_n who_o with_o 30_o knight_n and_o gentleman_n of_o the_o name_n of_o hamilton_n beside_o several_a other_o considerable_a person_n perish_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o this_o house_n for_o it_o be_v design_o blow_v up_o in_o the_o year_n 1640_o by_o nathaniel_n paris_n a_o englishman_n one_o of_o his_o own_o servant_n while_o the_o earl_n be_v read_v a_o letter_n in_o the_o court_n which_o he_o have_v then_o receive_v from_o the_o army_n with_o all_o the_o gentleman_n about_o he_o only_o four_o of_o the_o whole_a company_n escape_v who_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o powder_n be_v throw_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o house_n it_o be_v now_o repair_v and_o adorn_v by_o sir_n john_n hall_n the_o present_a possessor_n with_o curious_a garden_n spacious_a court_n and_o a_o large_a and_o pleasant_a avenue_n they_o have_v here_o a_o collegiate_n church_n a_o goodly_a large_a building_n and_o vault_a but_o it_o be_v now_o ruinous_a along_o the_o coast_n to_o dunbar_n be_v a_o pleasant_a country_n the_o most_o fruitful_a in_o the_o kingdom_n especial_o in_o wheat_n and_o barley_n southeast_n of_o dumbar_n a_o burgh-royal_a in_o this_o shire_n be_v dunhill_n dunhill_n dunhill_n memorable_a for_o the_o victory_n obtain_v sept._n 30._o 1650._o over_o the_o scotch-army_n under_o lesly_n by_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n and_o those_o too_o but_o sickly_a under_o the_o command_n of_o cromwell_n which_o miscarriage_n if_o some_o ingenuous_a person_n who_o be_v in_o the_o action_n may_v be_v believe_v be_v rather_o owe_v to_o the_o treachery_n of_o some_o
high-street_n to_o serve_v the_o town_n with_o water_n there_o be_v here_o also_o a_o college_n of_o justice_n which_o have_v its_o dean_n of_o faculty_n they_o try_v their_o intrants_n or_o candidate_n and_o have_v a_o bibliotheque_fw-fr well_n furnish_v with_o book_n of_o law_n and_o history_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o do_v likewise_o erect_v at_o edinburg_n a_o college_n of_o physician_n give_v they_o by_o a_o patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n a_o ample_a jurisdiction_n within_o this_o city_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o appoint_v the_o judicature_n to_o concur_v to_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o decreet_n by_o a_o latter_a grant_v they_o have_v the_o faculty_n of_o profess_v physic_n they_o have_v their_o conference_n once_o a_o month_n for_o the_o improvement_n of_o medicine_n and_o have_v begin_v to_o erect_v a_o library_n near_o to_o this_o city_n be_v leith_n a_o convenient_a harbour_n for_o ship_n as_o this_o country_n have_v at_o present_a several_a considerable_a house_n whereof_o hawthornden_n be_v famous_a for_o its_o cave_n hew_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n and_o roslin_n for_o the_o scotiae_fw-la the_o vide_fw-la theatrâ—â—_n scotiae_fw-la stately_a chapel_n so_o can_v it_o produce_v some_o remains_o of_o antiquity_n for_o near_o the_o town_n of_o cramond_n at_o which_o salmon_n and_o several_a other_o fish_n be_v take_v many_o stone_n have_v be_v dug_n up_o with_o roman_a inscription_n also_o in_o the_o ground_n of_o inglistown_n belong_v to_o hugh_n wallace_n be_v find_v not_o long_o ago_o two_o stone_n part_n of_o a_o pillar_n upon_o one_o of_o which_o be_v a_o lawrel-crown_n upon_o the_o other_o the_o long_a of_o the_o two_o there_o be_v on_o each_o side_n the_o roman_a securis_fw-la the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n be_v break_v off_o but_o by_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o roman_a arm_n describe_v by_o tacitus_n it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v set_v up_o in_o the_o time_n of_o julius_n agricola_n government_n and_o since_o only_o the_o emperor_n name_n be_v strike_v off_o and_o it_o appear_v that_o by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n the_o statue_n and_o inscription_n of_o domitian_n be_v deface_v one_o may_v probable_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v erect_v in_o honour_n of_o that_o emperor_n what_o remain_v of_o it_o be_v this_o aug._n cos._n iu._n germanicus_n pontifex_fw-la max._n these_o stone_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o garden_n at_o edinburgh_n belong_v to_o sir_n robert_n sibbalds_n doctor_n of_o physic_n next_o the_o antiquity_n 24._o antiquity_n scotia_n ilustrat_n cap._n 10._o p_o 24._o that_o note_a spring_n two_o mile_n south_n of_o edinburgh_n deserve_v our_o notice_n the_o name_n of_o it_o be_v st._n catharine's-well_a though_o it_o be_v common_o call_v the_o oily_a well_o because_o it_o send_v up_o along_o with_o the_o water_n a_o oil_n or_o balsam_n which_o swim_v upon_o it_o it_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n to_o be_v exceed_o good_a not_o only_o for_o the_o cure_n of_o scab_n but_o likewise_o of_o any_o pain_n proceed_v from_o cold_a as_o also_o for_o strengthen_v and_o put_v life_n into_o any_o decay_a part_n it_o have_v two_o presbytery_n edinburg_n and_o dalkeith_n f_o the_o shire_n of_o linlithgow_n call_v west-lothian_n west-lotâ—ian_a west-lotâ—ian_a take_v its_o name_n from_o linlithgow_n the_o head_n burgh_n and_o have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o forth_o be_v divide_v from_o mid-lothian_n toawrds_fw-mi the_o south_n and_o east_n by_o the_o water_n of_o almond_n and_o breichwater_n to_o the_o northwest_n it_o meet_v with_o part_n of_o stirlingshire_n and_o to_o the_o west_n with_o part_n of_o clidisdale_n it_o be_v in_o length_n 14_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n about_o nine_o it_o afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o coal_n limestone_n and_o of_o white_a salt_n and_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n 6._o a_o silver_n i_o be_v find_v in_o it_o out_o of_o which_o they_o get_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o silver_n the_o town_n of_o linlithgow_n linlithgow_n linlithgow_n mention_v by_o our_o author_n â—â—â—â—ae_fw-la author_n â—heatr_n â—â—â—â—ae_fw-la be_v a_o royal-burgh_n well_o build_v and_o be_v accommodate_v with_o fountain_n that_o furnish_v water_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n with_o a_o stately_a townhouse_n for_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o gentry_n and_o citizen_n and_o with_o a_o harbour_n at_o blackness_n but_o it_o be_v great_a ornament_n be_v the_o king_n house_n which_o stand_v upon_o a_o rise_a ground_n that_o run_v almost_o into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o loch_n and_o look_n like_o a_o amphitheatre_n have_v terras-walks_a as_o it_o be_v and_o a_o descent_n from_o they_o but_o upon_o the_o top_n where_o the_o castle_n stand_v it_o be_v a_o plain_a the_o court_n have_v apartment_n like_o tower_n upon_o the_o four_o corner_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o a_o stately_a fountain_n adorn_v with_o several_a curious_a statue_n the_o water_n whereof_o rise_v to_o a_o good_a height_n the_o levingston_n earl_n of_o this_o place_n be_v hereditary_a keeper_n of_o it_o as_o they_o be_v also_o hereditary_a bailiff_n of_o the_o king_n bailifry_n and_o hereditary_a constable_n of_o the_o king_n castle_n of_o blackness_n near_o the_o palace_n upon_o a_o level_n with_o it_o stand_v the_o church_n a_o curious_a work_n of_o fine_a stone_n nor_o ought_v we_o to_o omit_v borrostoness_n â—â—â—â—â—stoâ—â—â—â—_n â—â—â—â—â—stoâ—â—â—â—_n north_n from_o hence_o upon_o the_o sea-coast_n erect_v into_o a_o burgh_n of_o regality_n by_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o hamilton_n who_o have_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n his_o castle_n of_o kineil_n of_o late_o adorn_v with_o large_a park_n and_o stately_a avenue_n torphichen_n â—â—â—phiâ—â—â—n_n â—â—â—phiâ—â—â—n_n to_o the_o south_n of_o linlithgow_n deserve_v also_o our_o notice_n as_o be_v a_o burgh_n of_o regality_n and_o once_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o malta_n but_o now_o give_v the_o title_n of_o lord_n to_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o name_n of_o sandiland_n and_o bathgate_n bathgate_n bathgate_n the_o parish_n whereof_o be_v erect_v into_o a_o sherifdom_n by_o itself_o and_o as_o the_o town_n so_o also_o some_o house_n of_o note_n require_v our_o mention_n nidry-castle_n nidry_n nidry_n south-west_n from_o linlithgow_n upon_o a_o river_n the_o manor_n of_o sir_n charles_n hope_v who_o by_o these_o land_n be_v hereditary_a bailif_n of_o the_o regality_n of_o kirkliston_n and_o by_o the_o barony_n of_o abercorn_n be_v hereditary_a sheriff_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o north_n from_o thence_o dundass_n dundass_n dundass_n former_o a_o fortification_n now_o adorn_v with_o park_n and_o fine_a garden_n wherein_o be_v many_o curious_a plant_n by_o the_o care_n of_o that_o worthy_a gentleman_n mr._n patrick_n murray_n the_o owner_n thereof_o who_o whilst_o he_o live_v be_v the_o ornament_n of_o his_o country_n from_o whence_o to_o the_o west_n between_o this_o and_o linlithgow_n be_v the_o bin_n bin_n bin_n the_o residence_n of_o general_n dolzâ—ll_o adorn_v by_o his_o excellence_n with_o avenue_n large_a park_n and_o fine_a garden_n after_o he_o have_v procure_v himself_o a_o last_a name_n in_o the_o war_n here_o it_o be_v that_o he_o fix_v his_o old_a age_n and_o please_v himself_o with_o the_o culture_n of_o curious_a flower_n and_o plant_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o coast_n medop_n medop_n medop_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o linlithgow_n famous_a likewise_o for_o its_o fine_a garden_n which_o the_o father_n of_o the_o present_a earl_n enclose_v with_o high_a wall_n furnish_v with_o orange-tree_n and_o such_o like_a curious_a exotick_n but_o from_o the_o present_a place_n to_o descend_v to_o those_o of_o antiquity_n at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o kipps_n kipps_n kipps_n south_n from_o linlithgow_n there_o be_v a_o ancient_a altar_n of_o great_a stone_n unpolished_a so_o place_v as_o each_o of_o they_o do_v support_v another_o and_o no_o one_o can_v stand_v without_o lean_v upon_o another_o hard_o by_o it_o there_o be_v several_a great_a stone_n set_v in_o a_o circle_n and_o in_o the_o two_o adjacent_a hill_n the_o remain_v of_o old_a camp_n with_o great_a heap_n of_o stone_n and_o ancient_a grave_n some_o mile_n also_o to_o the_o west_n of_o queens-ferry_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n be_v abercorn-castle_n castle_n abercorn_n castle_n near_o which_o place_n bede_n tell_v we_o the_o roman_a wall_n begin_v one_o may_v trace_v it_o along_o towards_o cariddin_n where_o a_o figure_a stone_n be_v to_o be_v see_v and_o a_o gold_n medal_n be_v find_v in_o a_o line_n parallel_n about_o a_o mile_n to_o the_o south_n of_o this_o there_o be_v a_o village_n which_o still_o keep_v the_o remain_v of_o the_o old_a wall_n be_v call_v walltoun_n from_o the_o name_n and_o the_o artificial_a mount_n cast_v up_o there_o one_o will_v believe_v it_o to_o be_v the_o very_a place_n which_o bede_n call_v penvalltoun_n the_o tract_n of_o the_o wall_n appear_v in_o several_a place_n between_o this_o and_o kinweill_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o
be_v find_v out_o as_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o sanda_n it_o flow_v two_o hour_n soon_o on_o the_o west_n side_n than_o it_o do_v on_o the_o east_n side_n and_o in_o north_n faira_n which_o lie_v betwixt_o eda_n and_o westra_n the_o sea_n ebb_v nine_o hour_n and_o flow_v but_o three_o and_o at_o hammoness_n in_o sanda_n both_o ebb_n and_o flood_n run_v one_o way_n except_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o quick_a stream_n when_o for_o two_o or_o three_o hour_n the_o flood_n run_v south_n the_o sea_n here_o be_v very_o turbulent_a in_o a_o storm_n and_o as_o pleasant_a in_o a_o calm_a the_o tide_n be_v very_o swift_a and_o violent_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o isle_n and_o narrowness_n of_o the_o passage_n for_o when_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v smooth_a these_o tide_n carry_v their_o wave_n and_o billow_n high_a the_o tide_n run_v with_o such_o violence_n that_o they_o cause_v a_o contrary_a motion_n in_o the_o sea_n adjoin_v to_o the_o land_n which_o they_o call_v easter-birth_n or_o wester-birth_n according_a to_o its_o course_n yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o rapidity_n of_o these_o tide_n and_o birth_n the_o inhabitant_n daily_o almost_o travel_v from_o isle_n to_o isle_n about_o their_o several_a business_n in_o their_o little_a cockboat_n whatever_o the_o ancient_n have_v write_v of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o orkney_n it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v but_o 26_o at_o present_a inhabit_v viz._n south_n ronaldsha_n swinnà _fw-la hoy_o burra_n lambholm_n flotta_n faira_n cava_fw-la gramsey_n mainland_n copinsha_n shapinsha_fw-mi damsey_n inhallo_n stronsa_n papa-stronsa_a sanda_n north_n ronaldsha_n eda_n rousa-wyre_n gairsa_n eglesha_fw-mi north-faira_a westra_n papa_n westra_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v call_v holms_n and_o be_v only_o use_v for_o pasturage_n all_o of_o they_o be_v separate_v from_o one_o another_o by_o some_o narrow_a strait_n where_o you_o may_v remark_n that_o the_o most_o of_o these_o name_n end_n in_o a_o or_o ay_o which_o in_o the_o teutonick_n tongue_n signify_v water_n to_o show_v that_o these_o isle_n be_v piece_n of_o land_n surround_v with_o water_n they_o be_v of_o different_a nature_n some_o sandy_a some_o marish_a some_o abound_v in_o moss_n and_o some_o that_o have_v none_o some_o mountainous_a and_o some_o plain_n of_o these_o some_o be_v call_v the_o south_n isle_n and_o other_o the_o north-isle_n and_o that_o as_o they_o stand_v to_o the_o south_n or_o north_n of_o the_o great_a isle_n call_v the_o mainland_n south_n ronalsha_n be_v the_o southermost_a of_o these_o isle_n five_o mile_n long_o fertile_a in_o corn_n and_o abound_v with_o people_n to_o the_o southeast_n lie_v the_o pightland-skerries_a dangerous_a to_o seaman_n but_o to_o the_o north_n be_v st._n margaret_n hope_n a_o very_a safe_a harbour_n for_o ship_n which_o have_v no_o difficulty_n in_o come_v to_o it_o save_o a_o rock_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sound_n betwixt_o this_o isle_n and_o burra_n call_v lippa_n from_o burwick_n in_o this_o isle_n be_v the_o usual_a ferry_n to_o duncansbay_n in_o caithness_n a_o little_a separate_v from_o this_o to_o the_o south-west_n lie_v swinna_n a_o little_a isle_n and_o only_o considerable_a for_o a_o part_n of_o pightland_n firth_n lie_v a_o little_a to_o the_o west_n of_o it_o call_v the_o well_n of_o swinna_n which_o be_v two_o whirlpool_n in_o the_o sea_n occasion_v as_o it_o be_v think_v through_o some_o hiatus_fw-la that_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n below_o that_o turn_v about_o with_o such_o a_o violence_n that_o if_o any_o boat_n or_o ship_n come_v within_o their_o reach_n they_o will_v whirl_v it_o about_o till_o it_o be_v swallow_v up_o and_o drown_v they_o be_v only_o dangerous_a in_o a_o dead_a calm_a for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o wind_n and_o the_o boat_n under_o sail_n there_o be_v no_o danger_n to_o go_v over_o they_o if_o a_o boat_n happen_v to_o come_v near_o they_o in_o a_o calm_a through_o the_o force_n of_o the_o tide_n the_o boatsman_n take_v this_o way_n for_o their_o preservation_n they_o throw_v a_o barrel_n or_o oar_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o come_v next_o to_o hand_n into_o the_o well_n and_o when_o it_o be_v swallow_v up_o the_o sea_n remain_v smooth_a for_o a_o time_n for_o any_o boat_n to_o pass_v over_o beyond_o this_o and_o to_o the_o west_n of_o south-ronaldsha_a lie_v waes_n and_o hoy_n think_v to_o be_v the_o dumna_n of_o pliny_n which_o be_v but_o one_o isle_n about_o 12_o mile_n long_o full_a of_o high_a mountain_n and_o but_o thin_o inhabit_v unless_o in_o waes_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v more_o pleasant_a and_o fertile_a from_o snelsetter_n there_o be_v the_o other_o very_fw-mi out_o of_o this_o country_n to_o ham_n in_o caithness_n here_o be_v several_a good_a harbour_n kirk-hope_a north-hope_a ore-hope_a and_o other_o but_o not_o much_o frequent_v to_o the_o north_n of_o south_n ronaldsha_n about_o a_o mile_n lie_v burra_n a_o pleasant_a little_a isle_n fruitful_a of_o corn_n and_o abound_v with_o rabbit_n betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o main-land_n be_v lambholm_n and_o to_o the_o west_n towards_o hoy-mouth_n lie_v flotta_n faira_n cava_fw-la and_o graâ—nsey_n all_o of_o they_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a isle_n though_o they_o be_v not_o large_a next_o to_o these_o be_v the_o main-land_n call_v by_o the_o ancients_n pomona_n or_o pomonia_n about_o 24_o mile_n long_o and_o well_o inhabit_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o isle_n look_v to_o the_o north_n stand_v kirkwall_n the_o only_a town_n in_o all_o this_o country_n there_o be_v in_o it_o especial_o four_o excellent_a harbour_n for_o ship_n one_o at_o kirkwall_n both_o large_a and_o safe_a without_o any_o danger_n of_o shoal_n or_o blind_a rock_n as_o they_o come_v to_o it_o unless_o they_o come_v from_o the_o west_n by_o inhallo_n and_o gairsa_n another_o be_v at_o deirsound_a which_o be_v a_o great_a bay_n and_o a_o very_a safe_a road_n for_o ship_n have_v good_a anchor_a ground_n and_o capable_a to_o give_v shelter_n to_o the_o great_a navy_n the_o three_o be_v at_o grahamshall_n towards_o the_o east_n side_n of_o this_o isle_n where_o be_v a_o convenient_a road_n but_o the_o ship_n that_o sail_v to_o it_o from_o the_o east_n will_v do_v well_o to_o keep_v betwixt_o lambholm_n and_o the_o main-land_n for_o the_o other_o way_n betwixt_o lambholm_n and_o burra_n which_o appear_v to_o they_o to_o be_v the_o only_a open_a be_v very_o shallow_a and_o dangerous_a even_o for_o small_a ship_n the_o four_o be_v at_o kairston_n a_o small_a village_n at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o main-land_n where_o be_v a_o very_a safe_a and_o commodious_a harbour_n well_o fence_v against_o all_o wind_n and_o weather_n by_o two_o small_a holms_n that_o stand_v at_o the_o entry_n to_o the_o east_n of_o the_o main-land_n lie_v copinsha_n a_o little_a isle_n but_o very_o conspicuous_a to_o seaman_n in_o which_o and_o in_o several_a other_o place_n of_o this_o country_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o great_a plenty_n excellent_a stone_n for_o the_o game_n call_v curl_v to_o the_o north-east_n of_o this_o isle_n be_v a_o holm_n call_v the_o horse_n of_o copinsha_n to_o the_o north_n of_o the_o main-land_n lie_v the_o north_n isle_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v shapinsha_n betwixt_o five_o and_o six_o mile_n long_o and_o have_v a_o safe_a harbour_n for_o ship_n at_o elwick_n of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n to_o that_o towards_o the_o southeast_n lie_v stronsa_n which_o have_v two_o convenient_a harbour_n one_o at_o lingasound_n fence_v with_o lingaholm_n the_o other_o at_o strynie_n fence_v with_o a_o little_a pleasant_a isle_n to_o the_o north_n of_o it_o call_v papa-stronsa_a beyond_o these_o towards_o the_o north_n at_o a_o pretty_a distance_n lie_v sanda_n of_o about_o 11_o or_o 12_o mile_n in_o length_n but_o very_o narrow_a well_o store_v with_o corn_n and_o rabbit_n it_o have_v two_o road_n for_o ship_n one_o at_o kitletoft_a guard_v by_o a_o little_a holm_n call_v the_o holm_n of_o elness_n the_o other_o at_o otterswick_n guard_v by_o the_o most_o northern_a isle_n in_o all_o this_o country_n call_v north-ronalsha_a which_o be_v a_o little_a fruitful_a isle_n but_o both_o it_o and_o sanda_n be_v destitute_a of_o moss-ground_n and_o be_v force_v to_o bring_v their_o peit_n or_o turf_n a_o great_a way_n off_o from_o the_o adjacent_a isle_n eda_n this_o eda_n lie_v to_o the_o south_n east_n of_o sanda_n think_v to_o be_v the_o ocetis_n of_o ptolemy_n near_o five_o mile_n in_o length_n full_a of_o moss_n and_o hill_n and_o but_o thin_o inhabit_v unless_o it_o be_v about_o the_o skirt_n of_o it_o it_o have_v a_o safe_a road_n to_o the_o north_n call_v calf-sound_n guard_v by_o a_o large_a holm_n call_v the_o calf_n of_o eda_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o good_a salt_n pan._n three_o mile_n to_o
the_o west_n of_o kirkwal_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o large_a bay_n lie_v a_o little_a isle_n call_v damsey_n with_o a_o holm_n beside_o it_o as_o big_a as_o itself_o to_o the_o north-north-west_n lie_v rousa_n a_o large_a isle_n about_o six_o mile_n long_o full_a of_o heatherly_a hill_n well_o store_v with_o plover_n and_o moorfowl_n it_o be_v but_o thin_o inhabit_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o main_a land_n lie_v inhallo_n and_o towards_o kirkwal_n lie_v wyre_n and_o gairsa_n small_a but_o profitable_a isle_n north_n from_o kirkwal_n at_o eight_o mile_n distance_n stand_v eglesha_n something_o more_o than_o two_o mile_n long_o but_o pleasant_a and_o fertile_a have_v a_o convenient_a road_n for_o ship_n betwixt_o it_o and_o wire_n there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o little_a handsome_a some_o church_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o st._n magnus_n the_o patron_n of_o this_o country_n lie_v bury_v to_o the_o north_n of_o eglisha_n be_v westra_n seven_o mile_n long_o pleasant_a fertile_a and_o well_o inhabit_v it_o have_v a_o convenient_a harbour_n for_o ship_n at_o piriwa_n at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o it_o lie_v faira_n call_v for_o distinction_n faira_n be_v north_n and_o to_o the_o north-and-by-east_n be_v papa-westra_a a_o pleasant_a isle_n three_o mile_n in_o length_n famous_a for_o saint_n tredwel_n chapel_n and_o loch_n of_o which_o many_o thing_n be_v report_v by_o the_o vulgar_a all_o these_o isle_n be_v indifferent_o fruitful_a well_o store_v with_o field_n of_o corn_n and_o herd_n of_o cattle_n and_o abound_v with_o rabbit_n but_o destitute_a of_o wheat_n rye_n and_o pease_n the_o chief_a product_n of_o this_o country_n and_o which_o be_v export_v yearly_o by_o the_o merchant_n be_v beer_n malt_n meal_n fish_n tallow_n hides_n stocking_n butter_n selch-skin_n otter-skin_n rabbet-skin_n lambskin_n white_a salt_n stuff_n writing-pen_n down_n feather_n ham_n wool_n etc._n etc._n thus_o much_o of_o the_o particular_a island_n they_o have_v good_a store_n of_o field_n and_o garden-plant_n and_o make_v great_a quantity_n of_o butter_n their_o ewe_n be_v so_o fertile_a that_o most_o of_o they_o have_v two_o at_o a_o birth_n and_o some_o three_o nay_o mr._n wallace_n affirm_v that_o he_o have_v see_v four_o at_o a_o birth_n all_o live_n and_o follow_v the_o dam._n their_o horse_n be_v but_o little_a yet_o strong_a and_o lively_a they_o have_v great_a herd_n of_o swine_n and_o warrens_n almost_o in_o every_o isle_n well_o store_v with_o rabbit_n that_o they_o can_v want_v either_o fish_n or_o fowl_n consider_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n we_o can_v well_o imagine_v the_o eagle_n and_o kite_n be_v there_o in_o great_a plenty_n and_o be_v very_o troublesome_a seize_v sometime_o upon_o young_a child_n and_o carry_v they_o a_o good_a way_n off_o so_o that_o if_o any_o one_o kill_v a_o eagle_n he_o may_v by_o law_n claim_v a_o hen_n out_o of_o every_o house_n in_o the_o parish_n where_o it_o be_v kill_v hawk_n and_o falcon_n have_v their_o nest_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o the_o king_n falconer_n come_v every_o year_n and_o take_v the_o young_a who_o have_v twenty_o pound_n sterling_a in_o salary_n and_o a_o hen_n or_o a_o dog_n out_o of_o every_o house_n in_o the_o country_n except_o some_o house_n that_o be_v privilege_v they_o have_v several_a mine_n of_o silver_n tin_n lead_v and_o perhaps_o of_o other_o metal_n but_o none_o be_v improve_v they_o find_v abundance_n of_o marle_n which_o turn_v to_o good_a account_n to_o the_o husbandman_n freestone_n quarry_n with_o grey_a and_o red_a slate_n be_v in_o many_o place_n and_o in_o some_o marble_n and_o alabaster_n when_o the_o wind_n be_v violent_a the_o sea_n cast_v in_o piece_n of_o tree_n and_o sometime_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n and_o brandy_n ambergreese_v exotic_a fowl_n etc._n etc._n forest_n or_o wood_n they_o have_v none_o nor_o any_o tree_n except_o in_o the_o bishop_n garden_n at_o kirkwall_n where_o there_o be_v some_o ash_n thorn_n and_o plum-tree_n here_o and_o there_o in_o a_o gentleman_n garden_n there_o be_v apple_n and_o cherry-tree_n but_o the_o fruit_n seldom_o come_v to_o any_o maturity_n yet_o it_o shall_v seem_v there_o have_v be_v wood_n former_o for_o they_o find_v tree_n in_o the_o mosses_n of_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o foot_n in_o length_n with_o their_o branch_n entire_a where_o the_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o so_o many_o small_a island_n it_o can_v be_v expect_v there_o shall_v be_v any_o large_a river_n yet_o bourn_v and_o torrent_n they_o have_v well_o replenish_v with_o trout_n there_o be_v many_o loch_n but_o they_o serve_v to_o no_o further_a use_n than_o afford_v water_n to_o their_o mill_n or_o cattle_n the_o many_o excellent_a road_n bay_n and_o port_n make_v it_o exceed_v commodious_a for_o navigation_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o country_n in_o general_n particular_a place_n be_v no_o way_n considerable_a except_o it_o be_v kirkwall_n a_o account_n whereof_o take_v from_o my_o author_n together_o with_o the_o ancient_a state_n of_o the_o church_n of_o orkney_n the_o cathedral_n and_o bishop_n palace_n be_v both_o in_o this_o town_n kâ—râ—wall_n mr._n wallacâ—'s_n account_n of_o kâ—râ—wall_n the_o only_a remarkable_a town_n in_o this_o country_n be_v kirkwall_n a_o ancient_a borough_n long_o possess_v by_o the_o dane_n by_o who_o it_o be_v call_v cracoviaca_n build_v upon_o a_o pleasant_a oyse_n or_o inlet_n of_o the_o sea_n near_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o main_a land_n near_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n with_o narrow_a street_n have_v a_o very_a safe_a harbour_n and_o road_n for_o ship_n here_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o justice_n the_o stewart_n sheriff_n commissary_n all_o of_o they_o keep_v their_o several_a court_n in_o this_o place_n almost_o all_o the_o house_n in_o it_o be_v slate_v but_o the_o most_o remarkable_a edifice_n in_o it_o be_v st._n magnus_n church_n and_o the_o bishop_n palace_n as_o for_o the_o king_n castle_n it_o be_v now_o demolish_a but_o by_o the_o ruin_n it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o strong_a and_o stately_a fort_n and_o probable_o build_v by_o some_o of_o the_o bishop_n of_o orkney_n as_o appear_v from_o a_o remarkable_a stone_n set_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o wall_n that_o look_v towards_o the_o streat_n which_o have_v a_o bishop_n mitre_n and_o arm_n engrave_v on_o it_o there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o public_a school_n for_o the_o teach_n of_o grammar_n endow_v with_o a_o competent_a salary_n and_o at_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o town_n be_v a_o place_n build_v by_o the_o english_a ditch_v about_o and_o on_o which_o in_o time_n of_o war_n they_o plant_v cannon_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o harbour_n against_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o it_o fall_v out_o anno_fw-la 1666_o when_o there_o be_v war_n between_o our_o king_n and_o the_o hollander_n a_o dutch_a man_n of_o war_n come_v to_o the_o road_n who_o shoot_v many_o gun_n at_o the_o town_n with_o a_o design_n to_o take_v away_o some_o of_o the_o ship_n that_o be_v in_o the_o harbour_n be_v by_o some_o cannon_n from_o the_o mount_n so_o bruise_v that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o flee_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o his_o man_n this_o town_n have_v be_v erect_v into_o a_o royal_a borough_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o anno_fw-la 1480_o king_n james_n the_o three_o give_v they_o a_o charter_n confirm_v their_o old_a erection_n and_o privilege_n specify_v their_o antiquity_n and_o give_v they_o power_n to_o hold_v borough-court_n to_o incarcerate_v and_o arrest_v to_o make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n and_o to_o elect_v their_o own_o magistrate_n yearly_a for_o the_o right_a government_n of_o the_o town_n to_o have_v a_o weekly_a market_n on_o tuesday_n and_o friday_n and_o three_o fair_n in_o the_o year_n one_o about_o palm-sunday_n another_o at_o lammas_n and_o the_o three_o at_o martinmas_n each_o to_o continue_v three_o day_n he_o moreover_o dispose_v to_o they_o some_o land_n about_o the_o town_n with_o the_o custom_n and_o shore-dues_a and_o the_o power_n of_o a_o pitt_n and_o gallow_n and_o all_o other_o privilege_n grant_v to_o any_o royal_a borough_n within_o the_o kingdom_n exempt_n they_o from_o send_v any_o commissioner_n to_o parliament_n unless_o their_o own_o necessity_n require_v it_o this_o charter_n be_v date_v at_o edinburgh_n the_o last_o of_o march_n 1486._o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1536_o february_n the_o 8_o king_n james_n the_o five_o ratify_v the_o former_a charter_n by_o a_o new_a charter_n of_o confirmation_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1661._o king_n charles_n after_o his_o restoration_n ratify_v the_o former_a charter_n by_o a_o signiture_n under_o his_o royal_a hand_n date_v at_o whitehall_n may_v the_o 25_o whereupon_o the_o parliament_n at_o edinburgh_n the_o 22d_o of_o august_n 1670_o confirm_v all_o by_o their_o act_n yet_o with_o this_o special_a provision_n