vs sooner by one houre a halfe then with them and is daye with them after the Sonne is set with vs in like sort one houre xxx minutes Philo. And all this cometh because th' Earth is round causing vs them not to haue one generall Horizont The like reason is to be said of the diuersities of times in the beginning of an Eclipse either of Sonne or Mone As for exāple th' Eclipse of the Mone which was 1556. the 17. day of Nouēber at one of the clocke in the morning with vs at Norwiche for the moste parte of Englande which in the Horizont of Calicut began at vij of the clock In like sort ther shall happē an Eclipse of the Mone in the yeare of Christ our sauior 1562. the 16. daye of Iuly at two of the clocke iiij minutes in the morning at which time she shal be totallie darkened continew from the beginning to th' ende iij. houres and yet th'inhabitauntes at Calicut shall not see anye parte therof whiche moste euidently sheweth the roundnes of th' Earth to be the cause as this Figure here folowing do more plainely set out in which E. signifieth th' Earth A. the East C. the West D. the verticall pointe for Norwich B. in like maner the Zenit of Calicut Wherby it is manifest that the Mone shal be perfitly seperated from the Sonne or she shall appeare in the Horizōt of Calicut And yet we in England diuers other places East shall se bothe beginning ende of her Eclypsing Spoud These are sufficiēt probatiōs to declare th' Earth roūd frō th' East to the West but by what argument can you shewe it to be also rounde from the South to the North Philo. That is very easie to proue For if th' Earth were flat from the South to the North then we should se the south Sterres vnder th' Earth as well as those that be North alway in our sight And againe the Sonne Mone Sterres at midde day through the vniuersal yere should be euer in one height which also is false Spoud Yea for I haue had practise of that thinge saylinge in à shippe for we goynge from th'Equinoctiall Line northwarde did see the North south Poles equall with the Water But directing our course more to the north coast leauing th'Equinoctial we reared the north starre in short space xij degr at lēgth 30. deg loking south we could not se the southe Pole nor yet many other sterres which in th'Equinoctial were visible to vs. Phi. Yea wher your north starre was eleuated xxx degrees your south Pole was xxx degrees depressed in like maner But for the firmer fixynge it in your memory behould this Figure in the which C. signifieth both th' Earth and water A. the north Pole B. the south therefore if one go from B. to A the earth being roūd he must haue B. so muche vnder him as A is aboue his Horizōt There are besides these many sūdry reasons to proue this thing which I may omit as I suppose to you which nede no lenger probatiō in that whiche is most manifest Spo. Yet theis argumēts shall not onely stay my mind in à trueth but also with the same I shal cō fute th'errors of other if any shal spring about this matter Phil. Then I wyll exhort you wher these shall not seme sufficient you will gather more stronger out of Ptolomaeus Almegiste Cleomedes de mundo Philo de mundo Aristotle Erasmus Reignholt Orontius Hic canet errantē Lunam Solisque labores Arcturūque pluuiasque hyad gēinosque triōes Iohn de Sacrobosco oure countreyman master Recorde which doeth almost repete all their argumentes in the Castell of knowledge And nowe behold the Type of the world conteinyng in it as well the heauenly Regiō with suche Spheres Circles as haue bene in sundry partes before set forth in this treatise as also th'Elementarie region comprehendyng the Fier Aëre Water Earth in suche order forme as is cōsonant agreyng both with Reason Practise and Authoritie of most approued authors And for this time we will depart for beholde the Sonne is gone to rest Hesperus do shewe in the West verie brighte all other liuynge thinges also do apply them to take rest therfore let vs go downe this Hill into the Citie refreshyng our selues quickening memorie to morow I wil mete you in this same place agayne Spoud I thanke you hertly Philoni Let me here you can repete the summe of such thinges as we haue taken in hande this day as we walke downeward Spoud With à right good wyll 1 Firste you shewed me what Cosmographie was what Geographie and what Chorographie yea and wherein euery of them differeth from other 2 Next what the world was with his partes that is to saye the Heauenly Region Elementary with à briefe Discourse touchinge the Partes and order of the Heauenly Region 3 Thyrdly what a Sphere is howe it is deuided into a Right and Croked Sphere And howe it differeth from a Cirle 4 Forthly what a Center was what an Axe tree what a Diameter and of theyr difference 5 Fiftlye of the Principall Circles whiche are saide to be in this Sphere As the Horizont Meridian Aequinoctiall Zodiake two Colures the two Tropickes the Circles Arcticke and Antarctick Also that the Horizont and Meridian Circles be stable and without motiō with diuers other thinges herto belonging 6 Last you proceded to the second part of the world which is th' Elementarie Region In which you refuted sundry opinions touching the forme of th' Earth Philo. Nowe I perceiue bothe your apte nature in conceiuing such thinges as are spoken also your firme memory in reteining the same Wherefore you shall encourage me to geue you further instructions But for this time I must bid you fare well Spou. God preserue you graunt you life to accomplishe your desire in profiting your countrey as you do entende Amen THE SECONDE BOOKE OF the Cosmographicall Glasse in which is plainly expressed the Order and Number of Zones Paralleles and Climates Also sundry waies for th'exacte findyng out of the Meridiane Line The Longitude Latitude of places with many other preceptes belongyng to the making of a Carte or Mappe Spoudaeus MORPHEVS THE God of dreames with his slepie rodde so much this last night frequented my companie that my bodye taking rest my mind was much more busilie traueling in such conclusions as I had learnid of Philonicus thē it was in the time of his teaching For some time Morphêus shewed me the Sonne in the tropicke of Capricorne farre in the South among the cloudye skies as he comenly is the. 13. day of December And next he appered in th' Equinoctiall pointes as it is the tenth daye of March and the. 14. of Septēb willing me with great di ligēs to note that parallele circle Shortly after the sōne appeared in the tropicke of
of the Zodiack is xij degrees and it is called thwarte or croked because it crosseth the parallele circles And here you must note for eschewing further error that th' author menith by crossinge the parallele circles that the zodiack goeth ouerthwarte them and not rightly as th' equinoctiall and the right Horizont doth Spoud And this circle is deuided into xij equall partes whiche you call signes Philo. You haue truly spoken yea and euery signe is deuided into xxx partes whiche they call degrees and euery degree into lx minutes c. But this serueth rather for Astronomers Spoud By your wordes I gather the lengthe of a degree to be the. 360. parte of the heauen for xij tymes 30. maketh 360. and not any determined or appointed measure as a yarde a forlong a myle c. Philo. Vnto this circle and th' equinoctiall al the mouing of the Planetes and fixed starres is referred For by them we fynde out their longitude latitude and also th' eleuation of ether poles whiche is so necessary in this arte as without it you shall little or nothing profite But nowe I wyll set before your eyes the signes with their names in Greke Latine and Englishe adding also certaine characters of euery one of them which the Astrologians do vse both in their wryting also in their instrumentes 1 2 3 4 5 6 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â–ª 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo RaÌ„me Bulle Twinnes Crabbe Lion Virgyn ♈ ♉ ♊ ♋ ♌ â™ 7 8 9 10 11 12 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Libra Scorp Sagitta Capricor Aquari Pisces BalauÌ„ ScorpioÌ„ Archer Goate WatermaÌ„ Fishes ♎ ♠♠♑ â™’ ♓ Spou. These names I haue often red in Homer Sophocles and other greke Poetes and the latin in Virgil Ouide Horace Palingenius and euery other Poet wel neare do make of them mencion and I do perceiue th' use of this circle to be very expedieÌ„t For of it consisteth the quantitie of the yeare the. iiij tymes of the same as the Spring Somer Haruest Wynter But I perceiue also other configurations and formes as well out of the zodiacke as also in it And the Poetes make meÌ„tion of many of them as Charles wayne the DragoÌ„ Bootes Th' egle the flieng Horse the seuen Starres the great Dog and others of whiche you make no mention Philo. No nether do I intende lest that I shall seme to espie a mote in an other and not a beame in mine own eye For I wyll digresse as litle as possible I may froÌ„ our A TABLE OF MANY NOT ABLE FIXED STERRES VVITH THER TREVV LONGITVDE LATITVDE AND DECLINATON faithfully rectified vnto the yeare of our Lorde 1559 â–ª ¶ The names in Englyshe ¶ The names in Latine The names in Greke The Longitude The Latitude Declination and Magni    S D. M. D. M. P. D M P M The Whales backe Dorsum Caeti  ♈ 6 6 15 40 M 12 11 M 2 The Whales belly Venter Caeti  ♈ 16 2 20 0 M 12 20 M 2 Aries horne Cornu Arietis  ♈ 27 42 7 20 S 17 19 S 3 The Rammes head Caput Arietis  ♉ 1 46 10 0 S. 21 16 S 3 The Bulles eye Oculus Tauri 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ♊ 3 42 5 10 M 15 42 S 1 Orions left foote Orio pes sinist  ♊ 10 12 31 30 M 9 14 M 1 Orions left shoulder Orion hu sini  ♊ 11 20 17 30 M 4 37 S 2 First in Orions gyrdle Cing Orio pri  ♊ 16 22 24 20 M 1 19 M 2 Second in Orions gyrdle Cing Orio se.  ♊ 18 22 24 50 M 1 49 M 2 Orions right shoulder Orio hu dex  ♊ 23 6 17 0 M 6 18 S 1 The great Dogge Canis Maâ—…or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ♋ 8 42 39 10 M 15 50 M 1 The lesser Dogge Canis Minor 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ♋ 20 12 16 10 M 6 4 S 1 Brightest in Hydra Lucida Hydrae  ♌ 21 2 20 30 M 4 47 M 2 The Lions neck Ceruix Leonis  ♌ 23 16 8 30 S 21 59 S 2 The Lions harte Regulus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ♌ 23 32 0 10 S 14 3 S 1 The Lions back Dorsum Leonis  ♠5 16 13 40 S 22 31 S 2 The Lions Tayle Cauda Leonis  ♠15 32 11 50 S 16 49 S 1 The Crowes head Caput Corui  ♎ 5 0 19 40 M 19 53 M 3 The Crowes ryght wyng Ala dextra Cor.  ♎ 9 36 14 50 M 17 8 M 3 The Virgins Spike Spica Virginis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ♎ 17 42 2 0 M 4 54 M 1 Betwixt Bootes thyghes Inter cox Boo.  ♎ 18 6 19 40 S 22 9 S 1 South Ballaunce Lanx Merid.  ♠9 2 0 40 S 1â—… 44 M 2 North Ballaunce Septemtriona  ♠13 12 8 30 S 7 33 M 2 The Scorpions hart Cor Scorpij 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â™ 3 42 4 0 M 24 47 S 2 Hercules Head Caput Herculis  ♠8 42 37 30 S 15 20 S 3 The Serpentes head Caput Ophi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â™ 15 52 36 0 S 14 7 S 3 The Egle. Aquila 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ♑ 24 52 29 10 S 7 27 S 2 Capricornes Tayle Cauda Capri.  ♒ 17 22 2 10 S 14 13 M 3 In Aquarius legge Crus Aquarij  ♓ 2 20 7 30 M 15 52 M 3 Pegasus shoulder HuÌ„ Pegasi  ♓ 17 42 29 40 S 13 0 S 2 first institution But I wil geue you here a table of many notable fixed starres which are profitable for the trieng out of the latitude of any country and place Spoud This table seruith vnto smal vse if my authors deceiue me not onlesse that I haue in lyke sorte the declination of them Philo. You saye ryghtly and to satisfie your expectation I wyll also place here a table of declination of the-clipticke lyne from th'equinoctiall whiche shall extende vnto 23. digrees 28. minutes the trew declination of the sonne of this our age Spoud I pray you sir what call you the declination of the sonne or other planet and sterre Philo. It is no other thing then the distaunce of anye sterre from th'equinoctial vnto his true place in the zodiack And here marke that euery sterre hath two decli nations the one is hauing ther course in the zodiack froÌ„ the beginning of Aries vnto th' ende of Virgo and they are North froÌ„ th'equinoctial Th' other from the beginning of Libra vnto th' ende of Pisces and they are said to haue their declination south from th'quinoctiall Spoud haue this declination of the sonne bene alway one or it doth varie Philo.
euery digree in the Zodiake Respecting th' Eleuation of the Pole Arctike aâ—… Norwich 52. Digrees 0. minutes the Sonnes Declination 23. Digrees 28. minutes  Capricornus Aquarius Prâ—…ces Aries Taurus Gemini  Digr Digr Min Dig. Min Dig. Min Dig. Min Dig. Min Dig. Min Dig â–ª 0 14 22 17 â—…4 25 36 37 50 50 4 58 â—…6 30 1 14 23 17 26 25 57 38 16 50 26 58 37 29 2 14 23 17 38 26 19 38 42 50 47 58 48 28 3 14 24 17 50 26 42 39 8 51 8 58 58 27 4 14 25 18 3 27 4 39 34 51 28 59 8 26 5 â—…4 27 18 16 27 27 40 0 51 48 59 18 25 6 14 29 18 29 27 50 40 25 52 8 59 27 24 7 14 32 18 43 28 â—…3 40 51 52 28 59 â—…6 23 8 14 35 18 57 28 36 41 17 52 47 59 45 22 9 14 38 19 12 29 0 41 43 53 6 59 53 21 10 14 42 19 27 29 24 42 8 53 25 60 1 20 11 14 46 19 42 29 48 42 34 53 43 60 9 19 12 14 50 19 58 30 12 42 59 54 1 60 16 18 13 14 55 20 14 30 36 43 24 54 19 60 22 17 14 15 0 20 30 31 1 43 49 54 36 60 29 16 15 15 6 20 47 31 26 44 14 54 53 60 34 15 16 15 11 21 3 32 0 44 39 55 10 60 40 14 17 15 18 21 21 32 16 45 4 55 26 60 45 13 18 15 24 21 48 32 41 45 28 55 42 60 50 12 19 15 31 21 56 33 6 45 52 55 58 60 54 11 20 15 39 22 15 33 32 46 16 56 13 60 58 10 21 15 47 22 34 33 57 46 40 56 28 61 2 9 22 15 55 22 52 34 23 47 4 56 43 61 5 8 23 16 4 23 12 34 49 47 27 56 57 61 8 7 24 16 13 23 31 35 â—…5 47 50 57 11 61 11 6 25 16 22 23 51 35 40 48 13 57 24 61 13 5 26 16 32 24 12 36 6 48 36 57 37 61 14 4 27 16 42 24 32 36 32 48 58 57 50 61 16 3 28 16 52 24 53 36 58 49 2â—… â—…8 2 61 17 2 29 17 3 25 14 37 â—…4 49 43 58 14 61 17 1 30 17 14 25 36 37 50 50 4 58 26 61 â—…8 0 Digr Digr Min. Dig. Min Dig. Min Dig. Min Dig. Min Dig. Min Dig  Sagittarius Scorpius Libra Virgo Leo. Cancer  I omit as not requisite in this businesse then first I found in the hier part of the table Capricornus therfore I descending downward in the second columne against the. 20. degre of Capricorne founde 15. degrees 39. minuts the altitude of the sonne for the mids of that day In like maner the same yere the. 6. day of Septembre the sonne had his course in the. 24. degre of the virgine and because I finde Virgo in the lower parte of the Table ascendinge in the last colunme vpward find the 24. degre and against it in the columne of Uirgo 40. degrees 25. minutes the Meridian altitude of the soÌ„ne answering that degree in like sort do with any degre of th' other â—…gnes whan as occasion is ministred Spou. This now shall I alway kepe surely in memorye and because you haue heare apte place to geue me some precepte for th' eleuation of the Pole Arcticke I desire you herein to show me some instructions Phi. I will so do and the rather for that wythoute it you can little preuaile in this Arte and with knowinge it and the longitudes of regions you shall meruelouslye profit Spou. I praye you then begin firste with the finding out of the latitude of any place Philo. Whan as the sonne is in either Aequinoctiall poyntes by the helpe of your none steade shadowe you shal find when he is in the meridian line then with your instrument take his altitude whiche you shall subtracte from 90. degrees and the remanent shall be the iust eleuation of the Pole as for example At Norwich 1557 the 10. of march I found the meridiane altitude of the soÌ„ne by my Astrolabe 37. degrees and 50. minutes which I did subtract from 90. degrees and there remained 52. degrees 10. minuts the true height of the Pole and latitude of Norwich Spou. And do you not marke his declination at that time Phi. I cannot marke that whiche is not For in these poynts he hath no declination and that you might se in the table seruing that vse which is in the first boke But although this way is very perfect yet carieth it this discommoditie with him that you can but twise yearely take th'eleuatioÌ„ of the Pole And therfore I will showe you also how to find it whan he is in the Tropick poynts Spoud That is in the beginning of Cancer and Capricorn Phi. It is so you shall finde oute as afore wyth your instrument the sonnes height at middaye whan as he is in the first degree of Cancer Spou. That time can I finde oute by the helpe of an Ephemerides Phi. From this height you shall take away as your table sheweth 23. degrees 28. minuts this numbre you shall subtract froÌ„ 90. degrees the remanant shal be th'exacte Eleuation of your pole as for example I find the height of the soÌ„ne at midday in the beginning of Cancer 61. degrees 18. minutes from which I take 23. degrees 28. minutes and there shall remayne 37. degrees 50. minutes this nomber I take from 90. degrees being an hole quadrant there remaineth 52. degrees 10. minutes th' eleuation of the pole Spoud I will proue by your licence and I can do in like case whan as he is in Capricorn Phil. Do you so Spou. I imagine his none steade heighte to be 14. degrees 22. minutes for because he is farre from our Zenit from which I cannot substract the greatest declination of the sonne answering the first degre of Capricorn in the table of declination Phi. Nor you shall not make anye subtraction For like as whan he declineth North from th'equinoctiall which is from the beginning of Aries vnto th' end of Virgo you shall subtracte his declinatioÌ„ from his altitude so in like maner hauing his declination South which is from the beginninge of Lybra vnto th' end of Pisces you muste adde his declination to the meridian altitude and subtract theÌ„ bothe from 90. degrees Spo. Then I wil end my example I do adde 23. degrees 28. min. vnto 14. degrees 22. min. the nonestede height which make 37. degrees 50. mi. I take this froÌ„ 90. degrees as you commaunded and ther remaineth 52. degrees 10. minutes as afore Phil. You haue truely wrought Spou. But is it not possible to finde th'eleuatioÌ„ of the Pole euery day for in traueling it shuld pleasure me Phil. It is possible to find it not only euery day but al so euery hour but I will reserue that vntill an other season
I do not so muche fansye Ptolomaeus in lōgitudes latitudes for he was not able being so mighty à Prince to trauell into those countris that to à priuate person for the greate distaunce à sunder was impossible And therfore receiuinge as he confesseth obseruations at other mens handes dyd in many sundry places swarue from the trueth Ph. And that was not to be imputed vnto Ptolomaeus as à crime seyng the errour ensued by other mens obseruations But for this cause I haue made my fifthe Booke in the whiche I haue folowed Ptolomaeus in certaine pointes touchinge his natiue Countrey places to them adiacent In th' other I haue vsed later writers trauelles not omitting my owne as you shall euidētly perceaue Spoudeus I pray you giue me an example of these thinges spoken Phil. Here minding to describe the plat forme of Englande I draw as you se à right line in the middes of the Mappe And because I finde in my fift boke that it is frō the Weast part of the same to th' East 11. digres I diuide this streght line beynge the Meridian Line for the middes of this Regiō into xj equall partes or portions Then do I searche how much the Pole Arctik is eleuated aboue th'Aequinoctiall in the furdest north part of Englande finde it 61. for vnder the name of Englande I comprehend the whole Ilande cōteyning also Schotlande Irelande Therfore I enter into the Table goyng before finde answering to 61. digr 29. minutes 5. secondes 19. thirdes Which space I take with my cōpasse in one of the diuisiōs of Lōgitude that I made in the meridian line so my compasse not opened wider I begin at the Meridian Line in the higher part of the Card make on either side 5. pricks that is to sai v. on the left hād v. on the right hād in like ma ner I find the south part to differ frō th'equinoctial lj di wherfore entring into the Table I find answering to lj dig 37. min. 45. seco 33. thir And with my cōpasse I take the like portion in one of the diuisions of the Meridian line then with my compasse I diuide the lower parte of the Table as I did the hier Then draw I right Lines from the Prickes in the hier part of the Table vnto the prickes in the lower part wright at th'endes of them the Digrees of Lōgitude as also in the diuisiōs of the Meridiam line I wright the digrees of latitude Thē seke I in the fifth boke for the notable Cities Townes Villages suche like place them in this card according to their true Longitude Latitude as in the card of Englād following you may well perceiue Spoudeus Nowe I perceiue by the makinge and describyng of this onely Mappe that the whole worke doeth chieflye depende vppon the Meridian Line appointing by them the longitudes of Regiōs by Paralleles of Climates whose vse in à Carde is to limite the Latitude frō th'Equinoctiall So that obseruing this order of you prescribed I may in like sorte at my pleasure drawe à Carde for Spaine Fraunce Germany Italye Graece or any perticuler regiō yea in à warme pleasaunt house without any perill of the raging Seas danger of enemies losse of time spending of substaunce werines of body or anguishe of minde Oh how precious â Iewell is this it may rightly be called à Cosmographicall Glasse in which we may beholde the diuersitie of countries natures of people innumerable formes of Beastes Foules Fishes Trees Frutes Stremes Meatalles Phi. You shall haue iust ccasiō to affirme whan as you vnderstande the whole cōmoditie of the same But I will shewe you to describe iij. or iiij Regiōs in one Mappe yea or so manye as are cōteined in th'eyght portion of th' Earth And therefore I call it à Carde conteining th'eyght part of th' Earth whose compasse in what quātitie you please the greater the better note it with A. B. C for the easier vnderstanding vn till you are exercised herein Then deuide the compasse of this Circle in iij equale partes marke the pointes of the diuision with A. B. C. After place th' one ende of the cōpasse in A. stretche out th' other ende vnto B. or C. with thy compasse draw an arcke or portion of à Circle from B. to C. Then set th' one ende of the compasse in B. draw the like arcke frō A. vnto C. After place the one ende of thy cōpasse in C describe the like arck frō B. to A. And here note that A. doth signifie the North or south Pole And th'arke B. C. the quadrant or iiij part of th'Equinoctial Circle This arke B. C. you shall di uide equallye in the middes at that pointe place D. Then draw à right line from A. vnto D. this shall repraesent the meridiane line for the middes of this carde This line shall you diuide into 90. partes euery one shall repraesent à digree or into 18. portions euery one shall answere vnto v. digr Or if the Mappe be small into 9. portions euery suche diuision shall signifie 10. digrees Then placing th' one ende of your compasse in A. extende or stretch out th' other vnto euery of these diuisions drawe arkes or portions of circles from th'arck A. B. vnto th'arck A. C. These ended you shall write in euery diuision from B. to C. th'equinoctiall vnto A. the Pole Arctik 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. or 5. 10. 15. 20 or 10. 20. 30. according to the diuision of the meridiane line After you shall accompt in this diuision 23. digrees 28. minutes from the quinoctiall which is the sonnes greatest declination and draw ther à double arke whiche shall serue for the Tropicke of Cancer or Capricorne noted with E L in like manner accompt 23. degrees 28. minutes from the North or South pole in that space draw in like sort à double arke which shal be in stead of the polary circle either Arctike or Antarctike set th'endes of it I K. and so are all the paralleles of latitude answering your mappe perfaitly finished Spou. I vnderstand the protracture of them very wel But shall there be but one Meridiane line for all thys Mappe Phil. Yes verely ther shal be so many as there are paralleles of latitude whose nombre as I saide was 90. Spou. Now I perceiue the reasō of this artificial working for like as the circuite of the heauens is distributed into 360. parts so in like maner the compasse of th' earth is also into 360 portions deuided both toward the Poles also from West to East Therfore I pray you shew me the waye howè to draw these meridiane lines Philo. You shal deuide the arke B D Cinto 90. or 18. or els 9. portions equally as I did the latitude from A vnto D. In like sort you shall deuide the polary Circle I K. then drawinge in
these diuisions from th'equinoctiall by the diuisions of the Polary Circle vnto A Arkes or portions of Circles you shal haue the frame preparid in whiche you shall in the same maner that you did for England place such portion of the world as it can aptly receiue Spo. But may I not describe here the paralleles climates taking thē out of the table in the second boke as Ptolomaeus doth in his Geographie Phi. Yes verely it shall adorne the mappe not omitting the principall windes seruing for that part of th' earth nor yet th'inhabitāts called for the diuersitie of shadows Periscij Heteroscij Amphiscij but nowe beholde the frame of whose composition we haue made so manye wordes Spou. This mappe doth liuely expresse your meaning so that ther is none I suppose so ignorāt or dul but that without great difficultie he may practise the like ther fore I require you procede in the descriptiō of à Card for halfe the face of th' Earth whiche as I coniecture wyll conueniently serue for our Hemisphere Philo. Not for our Hemispere onely but also for any one halfe portion of th' earth as well seruing th' vse of thē that dwell vnder vs directly called therfore Antipodes as also any other But I will leaue to speake of th' vse of it because of it self it is manifest wil make plain vn to you the cōposition artificial praeparatiō of it First with your cōpase describe à Circle as great as your carde shal be withī which draw an other Circle à finger bredth distant iust to this also an other Then part these Cir cles in the middes with à right lyne th'endes of which ar A. C. crosse this lyne in the middes with an other ryghte line B. D. So is your Circle parted into 4. equal portions Then deuide euery portion in the cōpasse of the circle into 90. partes in this maner First into 3. then euery of thē againe into 3. after into 2. laste into 5. After write in them 5. 10. 15. 20. 25. 30. c frō B. C. vnto D A. so is the whole cōpasse of your card parted into 360. portions Spoud Unto what vse serueth the crosse lines drawen thorow the face of the Mappe Philo. The line A. C. repraesenteth the meridiane as the line B. D. The halfe Aequinoctiall circle Also A. C. repraesenteth the Poles of the world the plages or partes of the same north south as B. signifieth the weast D. th' East Spou. I perceiue your minde therfore procede Phi. Thē applie the ruler to the digr of the circle of A. B. C. note th'intersections of the ruler in th'Aequinoctiall in like maner do in th' other halfe Circle A. D. C. this ended you shall describe from A. vnto C. Paralleles or halfe circles by these diuisions in th'Equinoctiall then write on them from B. to D. 10 ▪ 20. 30. 40. c. Also you shall apply the ruler to the circle diuiding the Meridiane line A. C. as you did th'equinoctial B. D. describe in th'interfectiōs in like maner halfe circles which shall serue for Paralleles of Latitude Then accompte in the circle from B. toward A. xxiij digr 28. min. describe an arcke which shall repraesent the halfe tropick of Cancer also frō A. toward B. accōpte xxiij digr 28. min. draw with your compasse another arcke which shall signifie the halfe Articke or polary circle in like maner do with the tropike of Capricorne th'Antarticke circle After place the halfe part of th' earth in the mappe thus praepared describe the Climates Paralleles inhabitaūts winds with theyr proper names the mappe shal be perfaitlye finished as for example you maye beholde the frame of the Hemisphere of th' Earth before placed Spou. This carde should seme to giue à great light knowledge vnto Nauigation And if I do praepare me an other Mappe for th' other Hemisphere I shall in these two cōpraehende conteine th' vniuersall Earth Phil. Trew it is but as touching the light it bringeth to Nauigation we will make mētion of at our next meting now I will shewe you how in one carde or Mappe you may describe all th' earth in such wise as shal be most perfait in that forme figure whiche shal be right pleasant Spou. I pray you then begin I shall giue diligence Phi. First describe on some plaine place an halfe circle A. B. C. vpō the center D. so great as thou wilte haue the carde after deuide the right lyne A. D. into 90 portions equally Then place th' one ende of your compasse in A. stretching forth th' other ende vn to 86. degr xv min. xx secondes in the line A. D. so with your Compasse draw an arke frō D. vnto the halfe circle A. B. C. whiche shall crosse it in B for by this way th'arke A. B. being extended right forth shal be as long as the right line A. D. Then you shal diuide this arke A. B. into 90. equal partes After with your compasse take the quātitie of th'arke A. B. and placing th' one ende in B. take the lyke quātitie in the half circle towardes C. whiche in like maner you shal diuide into 90. portiōs so th'arke A. B E shal be parted into 180. parts Again with thy compasse take the lengthe of the line A. D. th' one ende beynge placed in A. take the lyke proportion from A. to F. so that A. F. shal be equall to the line A. D. Then diuide the line A. F. into 90. partes equally as you did A. D. after placing th' one fote of thy cōpasse in the Cēter D. thou shalt draw arkes in euery of the diuisiōs or els euery fift or x. diuision onlye note the hiest Arke nexte with G. H. then enter into the table folowing find out how many degrees in lōgitude answereth to 80. degrees of latitude north frō th'equinoctiall which in the table are 140. degrees 40 minutes that number you shal accompt in the half circle from A vnto E. applying your ruler vnto th' end of this nōber vnto the cēter D. drawà short line whiche shal extēd vnto H. again enter into your table with 70. degrees of Latitude you shall finde 138. degrees 23. minutes which I accompt from A toward E as before applying my ruler to the shorte line the degrees in Longitude with my pen I draw an other shorte line In like maner I do with th' other paralleles of Latitude 60. 50. 40. 30. 20. 10. Spou. So that by entringe into the table accompting the degrees in Longitude frō A. towardes E drawing short lines one at th' end of an other ther ariseth as it wer a portion of a circle frō D to B. if I could in like maner find the proportiō of th'equinoctiall vnto the South paralleles whiche in like nōbre are 90. thē the whole forme wolde repraesent
the figure of half an hart Phi. Th' other parte of the Table conteining Southe paralleles shall serue herein your vse sufficiētly For entring into it with x. degrees of latitude which is the next south parallele frō th'equinoctial I find 79. degrees 46. min. which accompting as before in the halfe circle A E. I drawe an other shorte line at th' end of th' other so in like sorte with 20. 30. 40. 50. A TABLE CONTENING THE SEGMENTES and partes of th'equinoctiall drawne in a plaine plat forme answering vnto the circumference of Paralleles c. The North Latitude of Paralleles Paralleles drawen South frō th'Equinoctial Di  Dig M.  Di  Dig 40  Di. Di Mi  Di  Di Miunt 89  141 20  44  126 40  1  88 59  46  41 22 88  141 20  43  126 2  2  87 59  47  40 19 87  141 19  42  125 22  3  86 58  48  39 16 86  141 16  41  124 44  4  85 59  49  38 12 85  41 12  40  124 4  5  84 53  50  37 8 84  141 7  39  123 16  6  83 55  51  36 4 83  141 1  38  122 44  7  82 52  52  35 0 82  140 55  37  122 4  8  81 51  53  33 56 81  140 47  36  121 20  9  80 17  54  32 53 80  140 40  35  120 38  10  79 46  55  32 2 79  140 27  34  119 55  11  78 44  56  31 2 78  140 22  33  119 10  12  77 41  57  30 0 77  140 4  32  118 55  13  76 38  58  29 0 76  139 58  31  117 41  14  75 33  59  28 5 75  139 46  30  116 58  15  74 31  60  27 0 74  139 30  29  116 9  16  73 27  61  26 1 73  139 14  28  115 21  17  72 25  62  25 2 72  138 45  27  114 33  18  71 19  63  24 2 71  138 38  26  113 45  19  70 16  64  23 3 70  138 23  25  112 56  20  69 12  65  22 5 69  138 13  24  112 6  21  68 7  66  21 6 68  137 56  23  111 17  22  67 3  67  20 9 67  137 32  22  100 27  23  65 50  68  19 12 66  137 15  21  109 35  24  64 55  69  18 16 65  136 55  20  108 55  25  63 50  70  17 20 64  136 33  19  107 52  26  62 45  71  16 23 63  136 10  18  106 58  27  61 40  72  15 27 62  135 47  17  106 9  28  60 36  73  14 31 61  135 25  16  105 13  29  59 32  74  13 37 60  135 0  15  104 19  30  58 41  75  12 43 59  134 35  14  103 22  31  57 23  76  11 49 58  134 6  13  102 29  32  56 18  77  10 55 57  133 41  12  101 34  33  55 13  78  10 1 56  133 12  11  100 39  34  54 8  79  9 8 55  132 43  10  99 42  35  53 5  80  8 17 54  132 15  9  98 45  36  52 0  81  7 26 53  131 48  8  97 49  37  50 55  82  6 35 52  131 16  7  96 51  38  49 51  83  5 44 51  130 44  6  95 53  39  48 44  84  4 55 50  130 10  5  94 52  40  47 43  85  4 2 49  129 37  4  93 58  41  46 39  86  3 13 48  129 2  3  92 58  42  45 34  87  2 24 47  128 29  2  91 58  43  44 31  88  1 35 46  127 52  1  91 0  44  43 28  89  0 47 45  127 16  0  90 0  45  42 25  90  0 0 60. 70. 80. 90. where the Pole Antarctike is and maketh the Figure as you said of halfe an hart Spoud This can I practise by my selfe at an other season wherefore I praye you procede to the finishinge of this Mappe Philo. Then takinge the Clothe or Parchemente in whiche you will describe the Paralleles and Meridiane Circles you shall reduce all the Circles with theyr diuisions whiche you made in A. B. C. into this seconde Mappe the Center of whiche is K. by the healpe of your compasse firste drawinge a righte line K. L. the middes of whiche shall be M. and this line muste be in lengthe equall to the Line D. F. in the first Mappe Then placinge th' one ende of the compasse in K. extende th' other vnto M. and protracte a Circle whiche shall represente th'Equinoctiall and shall be equall vnto the Circle A. B. C. after take with your Compasse the distaunce of euerye Arcke described in the firste Mappe and wyth th' one fote of your compasse placinge th' other foote in K. drawe Cyrcles in suche circuit as one of these shal be foure times the quantity of one of th' other in the firste Mappe Then place in thys Mappe the Face of th'Earthe accordinge to his partes in Longitude and Latitude as it is set fourth in my fifth booke vsinge in euery Countrye to place onlye the Meridiane Line for the middes of the same where as your Mappe is of no greate quantitye Then place the degrees of Longitude Latitude vnto the Paralleles and Meridiane Circles with Climates Windes diuersity of inhabitaunce and other necessarye thynges Spoud But maye I not describe the Planet signe vnder whiche euerye nation is also in this Mappe for Ptolomaeus maketh mention of them in his quadripartite as also euery
45. Basilia Basile 29. 45. 47. 45 Schathusa 28. 0. 47. 28 Curia chur 32. 0. 47. 30 Vesalia 26. 20. 51. 30 Francofordia 31. 40. 50. 10 Curia 32 0. 47. 30 Marburgum 32. 10. 51. 0 Bremen 32. 10. 53. 40 HeydelberguÌ„ called Heydelberge is à florishing Uniuersitie mainteined by the Palsgraue by it ther ruÌ„neth the riuer Neccarus ther florished 1559 in Phisicke D. Iohn Langius the Princes Phisician Iacob Curio Thomas Erastus Petrus Lotichius Secundus all Doctors in Phisick And D. Balduinus the Reader of the Ciuill Lector with diuers others of whom I was very gentely interteined at the time of my Commensment 32. 0. 49. 30. Vlmes 33. 0. 48. 30 Herbipolis wirtzpurgk 33. 30. 50. 0 Amberga 34. 0. 47. 15 Augusta 34. 0. 48. 15 Brunsuiga 34. 40. 52. 40 Ingolstadium 34. 45. 48. 30 Hamburgum 34. 0. 54. 30 Limeburgum 34. 45. 5. 45 Ratisbona 35. 40. 49. 0 Erdfordia 35. 0. 51. 10 Lubecum 35. 20. 54. 50 Liptzigum 36. 30. 51. 30 Magdaburge 36. 10. 54. 50 Salisburgum 36. 30. 47. 30 Brandenburgum 37. 20. 52. 40 Rostochium 37. 10. 54. 36 Misna 37. 20. 51. 50 Peurbachium 37. 35. 48. 15 Berlinum 38. 30. 52. 50 Praga 38. 20. 50. 6 Gripsualdia 38. 55. 54. 20 Vratislauia 41. 20. 51. 5 Gran 42 50. 47. 15 Posna 42. 0. 52. 45 Buda 43. 0. 46. 50 Lonreth 43. 20. 52. 30 Thorn 43. 30. 53. 30 Cracouia 44. 30. 50. 15 Mons Regius 49 0. 45. 0 Dantiscum 46. 0. 54. 55 Caralostadium 33. 25. 50. 0 Noribergum 34. 40. 49. 30 Munster 32. 0. 52. 5 VVitenberga 32. 10. â—…3 40 MOSCOVIA MOscouia is à longe ample RegioÌ„ the people miserable suspicious craftie the chief citie of ther Empirour is also called Moskaua 69. 0. 57. 0. Thither sailed out of England 1553 Chancelour diuers other The nature of th' inhabitantes coÌ„modities of the couÌ„try à perfite description of all the parts of the same you shal se at large set oute by Sigismunde Liber baron c. ILLIRIA AND Dalmatia I Lliria which is called Lyburnia hath on the North parts Pannonia on the west Istria on the South the Uenice seas on th' East Dalmatia the chiefe Cities townes are Sara 40. 5. 44. 9 Stridona the countrye of Saynt Ierome 42. 20. 43. 20 Flauona 37. 0. 44. 45 DALMATIA Ragusia 45. 0. 42. 20 sibinicum 43. 0. 43. 20 scutara 45. 30. 41. 30 saloniana 45. 0. 43. 20 Durazo 45. 55. 40. 55 ITALIE AND LOMbardie Brundusium 41. 0. 39. 30 Tarentum 40. 30. 39. 15 salernum 37. 20. 39. 30 Naplis 38. 50. 39. 55 Capua 36. 40. 40. 5 Aquilea 36. 40. 41. 10 Roma à Citie famous through all th' Earth 36. 40. 42. 0 Sena 34. 10. 42. 0 Florence 34. 15 42. 45 Viterbia 35. 0. 41. 15 Pisa 33. 0. 42. 15 Luca 33. 30. 42. 45 Ancona 36. 40. 42. 30 Bononia 33. 30. 43. 40 Rhauennae 35. 0. 43. 15 Farraria 34. 10. 43. 50 Parma 32. 30. 43. 50 Verona 34. 0. 44. 25 Venice 35. 30. 44. 45 Padua 35. 0. 44. 45 Mantua 33. 10. 44. 10 Vincentia 34. 39. 44. 20 Cremona 32. 45. 44. 20 Placentia 32. 30. 44. 20 Myllan 31. 45. 44. 15 Tortona 31. 30. 44. 0 Genua 31. 30. 43. 15 Taurinum 30. 40. 43. 45 Nisa 29. 30. 42. 40 Secusia 29. 45. 44. 0 Grassa 29. â—…0 â—…2 â—…5 Albinga 3â—… 40. 42. 5â—… Vercellae 30. 30. 44. 30 Nouaria 30. 15. 45. 0 A PERTICVLER DEscription of Grece and firste of Macedonia MACEDONIA MAcedonia hathe on the Northe parte Thrasia the hier Misnia on the West the Venetian seas on the south parts Epirus and Achaia On the East the Seas called EgiuÌ„ Pe lagus The principall Cities townes of it are Thessalonica now Salonica the seate of the chiefe Bishoppe of the Philippians vnto whome S. Paule wrot two Epistles the first from Athenis the secoÌ„de from Laodicia the chiefe bishopriche of Phrygia where also S. Paule preached the Gospell 49. 50. 41. 0 Apollonia 45. 6. 40. 10 Aulon 44. 50. 39. 56 Bullis 45. 0. 39. 45 Arethusa 50. 10. 41. 0 Panormus 54. 404. 1. 0 Hadrianopolis 50. 55. 40. 55 Ampelus 51. 15. 40. 30 Iöleos 51 3. 39. 15 Demetrias 50. 30. 38. 56 Larissa 51. 20. 38. 50 Thebae Thebs 51. 10. 38. 30 Arnissa 45. 20. 40. 40 Elima 45. 40. 39 40 Amantia 46. 0. 39. 40 Albenopolis 46. 0. 41. 0 Europus 46. 30. 41. 20 Apsalus 46. 20. 41. 5 Parocopolis 48. 40. 41. 40 Amphipolis 50. 0. 41. 30 Philippis à Citye where the great Alexander was born and from this Citie S. Paule sent his second Epistle to the Galatians 50. 45. 41. 45 Heraclia 47. 40. 41. 30 EPIRVS VVHOSE cheife places are Nicopolis 47. 30. 38. 30 Cassiopa 47. 0. 38. 45 Ambracia larta 48 â–ª 8 38. 20 ACHAIA VVHOSE chiefe places are Athenae sometime the fountaine and wellspringe of all good letters heare did Plato and Aristotle teach it is now destroyed 52. 45. 37. 15 Megaris 52. 15. 37. 30 Peloponesus Morea 51. 10. 37 30 Modonam 48. 30. 26. 0 Parnassus a mount 50. 20. 38 0 Helicon the holy Hill of the Musis at the foote wherof is à founteine of the Houe of Pegasus fote 51. 0. 37. 45 Pythia the place wher Apol logaue Oracles 50. 30. 37. 45 Constantinople somtime à citie vnder the ChristiaÌ„ Em pire but nowe the chiefe seat of Solymanus th' Emperor of Turkes which he waÌ„ 1453. 56. 0. 43. 5. Corinthe the Bishoppes seat in Achaia Hether sent S. Paule two Epistles the first froÌ„ Philippis à citie in Ma cedonie by Stephan fortunatus Achaicus The seconde Epistle by Titus Luke 51. 15. 36. 55 Stymphalus 50. 20. â—…6 20 Thus endeth the perticuler description of Europe A PERTICULER DESCRPTION OF AFRICA AFRICA which also in Greke is named 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is the second part portion of th' Earth And was first so called of Iupiters daughter bering that name But Festus saith it came of the qualitie of th'Aëre in that couÌ„trey deriuing it of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as who should say 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is without horrour of coldenes other affirme that it toke name of Afer one of the pòsteritie of Abraham which ouercomyng his enemies remained in this part It beginneth at Gaditanum Fretum à narrow streight coÌ„ming out of th' Ocean into the middle Earth Seas haue Spaine on the north shore the Mores on the South And it doeth ende at the EgiptiaÌ„ Seas On the North it haue the middle Earth seas on the south shore the great Ocean on th' East the sea which stretche almost to the middle earth seas Africke is diuided into two parts by the hyll Atlas of whiche the lesser extendeth to the midle Earth seas the greater part goeth beyond this hill vnto the south OceaÌ„ The greater part of it is not inhabited for two causis one is for th' extreme heat being