for that the toppe of the maste vnto the water was iust one score that is .60 foote and the two plates or winges iust one ynche a sunder and the Transuasitorie .40 ynches from the ende c. And also by this order you may knowe the distaunce of any shippe from the lande c. And thus I doo ende the conclusions of the Crosse staffe c. ¶ The fifteenth Chapter sheweth vnto you howe you shal make an instrumeÌ„t wherby you may describe a Region or Countrey which you may call an Horizontall Sphere and also howe to take the plat of any ground c. Then resort to your Paper and looke vpon the instrument at what poynt and degree the Athelida is standyng on then vpon the point and degree of the Circle wryte the name of the towne or Village or Hyll then turne the Athelida to the next marke and so foorth tyll you haue taken all the townes and Villages rounde about the Countrye or Coastes that be within the Angle of sight and write the names of all those townes at the poynte and degree that the Athelida doth stande vpon at the tyme of the takyng of them with the 2. sights And furthermore write in the paper the 4. principall windes as easte weste northe and southe Euen as the coaste of the countrye dothe stande and then drawe righte lynes from the Center of the Circle too the Circumference to the place where the names of the townes were written and so passinge right to the edge of the Paper And thus doe by euery towne written on the edge of the Circle and then that station is finished And then furthermore looke to what place that you doe meane for to goe vnto for to make your seconde station beinge one of those that you haue obserued afore For the fyrst obseruation is to no purpose so that you must of force haue 2. And then vpon that Lyne that the name of the towne or Hyll that you doe meane to goe vnto sette one of the feete of the compasses and with the other foote of the compasses make an other circle in lyke maner then draw an other Meridian Lyne and be sure that both the Meridian Lynes doe agree the one with the other and so deuide that circle into 32. equall partes as the other was in all poyntes and then goe vp vnto some high place that was the marke before and then lay your instrument afore you agayne setting it by the needle due South and North and so let the instrument stande And then turning the Athelida to suche townes as were taken before looking thorow both the sights were where the Athelida doth stand and write the names of those townes agayne vpon the edge of that circle at the poynt and degree that the Athelida doth stand vpon and doe thus tyll that you haue taken all the townes that were obserued at the fyrst standings and then drawe right lynes from the Center of that Circle by the edge of the Circle to the names of those Townes that were written and so the lynes for to runne right to the sides of the Paper Then looke where that the lynes doe crosse there make a marke for there standeth the Towne or place that you haue obserued And now in lyke maner yf you lyst you may know the distaunce from one Towne to an other as thus fyrst you must measure the distaÌ„ce betwen any one towne to another that grouÌ„d being measured you must make a Scal or tronke of mesure on the side of the paper and then measure the distaunce betweene those 2. Townes in the paper then according to that proportion of measure make your myles in the Scall or tronke of the Carde or Mappe and that beynge doone you may knowe the distaunce with a payre of Compasses betweene any one Towne or Townes to the other by the Scall of the Carde and then this beyng doone you may make that fayre in an other thing without lynes and bewtyfye that at your pleasure as for example thus by the partes or countrye about Grauesende Fyrst I tooke the Instrument and then in lyke maner I made a Circle in a sheete of paper then I drew a Meridian lyne that is to saye a lyne from the South to the North and I deuided the Circle into 52. equall partes and then I wrote the 4. principall windes in the foure sydes of the paper that is to saye the East West North and South and then I went vp to a Hyll that standeth besyde Grauesende called Ruggon Hyll and there besyde the Myll I made my fyrste standinge and then I obserued al those Townes and places folowing Fyrst Clyffe Church and that I tooke Northeast and by East and the sixt part of a poynte to the Eastwarde the next was West Tilbrye Churche North and ¾ of a poynt to the Eastwardes and then I tooke the Bulwarke of West Tilbrye North and ¼ of a poynte to the Westwardes and then I tooke Brauesende Churche steeple North and by West and â…” partes of a poynte to the Westwarde and then I tooke little Thurrock Norwest and by North and the 6. parte of a poynt to the Westwarde then I tooke Grayes Thurrock Northwest and the 6. part of a poynt to the Westwarde then I tooke Sainct Clements Churche West Northwest and ¼ to the Northwardes then I tooke North fleete Church West and â— 4 partes of a poynt to the Northwards then I tooke Swankam Churche due West then in lyke maner I tooke the Vinyard Mill West Northwest and ¼ parte of a poynt to the Westwardes then I tooke Mappam Church Southwest and â…• part of a poynt to the Westwardes then I tooke Cobbam Churche Southeaâ—t and by South and â…• parte of a poynte to the Southwardes then I tooke Shorne Myll East and by South and â…– partes of a poynte to the Southwarde Then I tooke Chaulke Churche East and â…– of a poynte to the Southwardes and so I make an ende of that standing And now I chose out for my secoÌ„d staÌ„ding West Tillary church I dyd draw a Lyne froÌ„ the Center of the Circle to the Circumference of the Circle to the title of Tilberye Churche beinge North and ¾ of a poynte to the Eastwarde the Lyne passynge ryght to the edge of the paper And then I tooke a payre of compasses and set the one foote of the compasses vpon that Line and with the other foote I made a Circle and then I made an other Meridian lyne by the other in the other Circle so that the one dyd agree with the other and then I deuided the Circle into 32. equall partes and then I went ouer the water to West Tilbery Church and then I layde my instrument before me and set it due North and South and there I obserued al the townes and places before named as Cliffe East and 1 â— parte to the North Shorne Myll and Chaulk Church South East by South and ½ parts
beginneth the second booke shewing by longitude and by latitude the dystance vnto any Towne or Citie or place vpon the face of the earth keping one poynt or winde ouer the Sea and LANDE although that it be not the very nearest way for the very nearest way ouer the Sea and Land can not be by one poynt of the Compasse except it be vpon the Meridian lyne that is due South or due North from you or being vnder the Equinoctial to be due East or West But if it be in any other place from vnder the Equinoctiall although it be due East or West both the places to be vnder one Paralell yet in the going due East and West is not the nearest way ouer the Sea and Land but the next way ouer the Sea and Lande is by diuers wyndes or poyntes of the compasse and the further frō the Equinoctial to eyther of the two poles the greater chaunging of the poyntes of the compasse For the next way ouer the Sea and the Land vnto any place is to goe by the great circle which is equall vnto the Equinoctiall or the Meridian circle which will not be according vnto any one poynt of the compasse but vnto dyuers as for proofe thereof you shall haue this for an ensample thus that in the latitude of .60 degrees that there were two Townes or places in that paralell the one being opposite or right against the other that is .180 degrees and a degree in that paralel doth containe .30 myles And nowe to goe iust East or West in that paralel to come vnto the place assigned it is .5400 myles as for proofe therof multiply .180 tymes .30 but that is not the next way vnto the place assygned but the next way is to goe by the Merydian lyne that is to say to goe due North vntill you do come ryght vnder the pole and then to goe by that Merydian due South tyll you haue that latitude agayne and then it is but .3600 myles as you may knowe by playne multiplycation as it is from the latitude of .90 degrees vnto the pole to go due North .30 degrees and from the pole Southward agayne other .30 degrees that is in all .60 degrees and then to multyply .60 tymes .60 it sheweth the true dystance which is but .3600 myles And to goe by the paralell lyne that is due East or West then it is .5400 myles that is halfe so much more as by playne proofe you may know But if the two places be both vnderneth one paralel be shorter thē 180. degrees asūder thē it requireth to go by diuers points of the compasse and not by the Meridian according vnto the passing of the great circle which doth conteine in circumference 21600. myles which is the greatest compasse of the earth and not according vnto moe paralels then one which is the Equinoctial nether vnto no one poynt of the compasse for any poynt of the Compasse will bring you vnto the poles of the worlde or verye neare excepte those that be pararel which is East or West as all ryght lynes drawe being extended exceptynge lynes paralell will Crosse the other in the ende so all the poyntes of the Compasse doe winde vntyl they doe come vnto the poles or very neare the poles of the world as they be all Hilicall or Spherall lynes Wherefore there is no one poynt or wynde that can be prescribed to be the next way by that poynt vnto any place assygned but onely the Meridyan lyne or lynes and to goe East and West then to be vnder the Equinoctiall for the nexte way els is by sundry poyntes of the compasse c. Wherefore I omitte to say any more thereof but onely to shew vnto you how for to know the dystance vnto any Towne or place situated vpon the lace of the whole earth by any one assygned poynte of the compasse then for to knowe the true distaunce ouer the Sea and the lande And I doo shewe it thys waye for two causes the first is this for that it is not possible to passe the next way by the meanes of the frozen Zone Wherfore it is supposed that it is not nauigable in those Seas neyther passageable by lande in those Countreys and the seconde cause is this as before is declared in the goyng the next waye it dooth require to goe by sundry poyntes of the compasse which woulde be but a confused matter for the most part of those persons that doo desire to knowe the distaunce vnto any place assigned neyther shall he knowe so readily which way it standeth or beareth from him And furthermore in the knowing the distaunce vnto any place assigned and by what poynt of the compasse it beareth this is to be considered that the Longitude dooth begin at the Meridian of the Cannary Iland and so to follow vnto the Eastwardes and so ending at .360 againe at the Cannary Ilandes as I doo shewe in my booke called the Regiment for the Sea The second Chapter sheweth vnto you howe you may knowe the distaunce vnto any Towne situate vppon the face of the whole earth so that you do◠knowe the true Longitude and the true Latitude of them NOw furthermore if that you doo know the Longitude and the Latitude of any towne or townes situate vppon the earth you may know the distaunce vnto them as before is declared as thus If that the towne be iust East or West from you that is to say that your towne or place is vnder the Paralel that the other towne is that is to say that the Pole artike of that towne or place is so manye degrees aboue the Horizon as your towne is both in degrees and minutes then shall you seeke how many degrees of Longitude the other towne dooth differ frō yours then you shall seeke how many myles that one degree shal answere vnto it in that paralel and then you shall multiplie the one by the other that is to say the degrees by the myles and that summe which commeth of that multiplication shal be the distance betweene the two townes as for ensample thus by the Citie of London Answerpe in Brabant which differeth but .4 minutes in Latitude for at London the Pole is raised .51 degrees .32 minutes and at the Citie of Antwerpe the Pole is raised .51 degrees .28 minutes therefore we be both vnder one paralel Now the Longitude of London is from the Cannarie Ilandes .19 degrees and .54 minutes and Antwerpes Longitude is .26 degrees .36 minutes so that Antwerpe standeth East from London .6 degrees .42 minutes Now must I know how many miles a degree conteineth in that paralel and of that I doo make mention in my booke called The Regiment for the Sea in the .16 Chapter and that I doo finde to be .37 myles to one degree Thē I multiplie .6 times .37 because that it is .6 degrees .37 myles to one degree and of
of Macedonia the longitude 50. degrees 45. minuts the latitude is .41 degrees 45 minutes is East Southeast 1395. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London 2. howres 3. minutes and the longest day is .15 howres .10 minutes c. Constantinople that is now the Turkes the longitude is 56. degrees the latitude is .43 degrees .5 minutes and is east Southeast 1547. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London 2. howres 24. minutes and the longest daye is 15. howres 15. mynutes c. Athens that hath bene sometime a famous Citie but now destroyed the longitude 52. degrees 43 mynutes the latitude .37 degrees 15. minutes and is Southeast and by East .1624 myles froÌ„ LondoÌ„ the Moone changeth later then at London 2. howres 11. minutes and the longest daye is 14. howres .40 minutes c. Danswicke latelye vnder the Kinge of Polonia hath longitude .46 degrees and latitude .54 degrees .55 minutes and is East Northeast 961. miles from LONDON and the moone chaungeth later then at London 1. howre .44 mynutes and the longest day is seuenteene howres fyue minutes c. The kingdome of Swethen the mydle thereof hath longitude 42. degrees and Latitude .64 degrees and is Northeast from London 1040. myles and the Moone chanugeth later then at London .1 howre .28 minutes and the longest daye is .20 howres .30 minutes c. The Citie of Muscouia in Rosey hath longitude 69. degrees the latitude 57. degrees and is East and by North 1747. myles from the Citie of London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London 3. howres .16 minutes and the longest daye is 17. howres .40 minutes c. And thus I ende the discription of the Cities and Townes of Europe The Sixt Chapter sheweth the longitude and the latitude and the other things before rehearsed of certayne of the principallest places of Africa and of certayne Ilandes nearer thereunto AND now shall folowe the longitude and the latitude and the thingâ—s before rehearsed of some of the Cities and Townes and Ilandes of Afryca And fyrste the Citie of Morocus in Barbary the longitude 5. degrees 5. minutes the latitude 30. degrees 4. minutes and is South Southwest and somewhat in the Westwardes 1449. miles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London .59 minutes and the longest daye is .14 howres S. Cruce Rode the longitude 2. degrees the latitude .30 degrees and is South Southwest and to the Westwards 1440 myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London .1 howre and the longest Summer daye is .14 howres c. The Citie of Fesse the longitude .10 degrees the latitude 30. degrees and is South Southwest 1365. myles from London the moone changeth rather then at London 39. minutes and the longest day is 14. howres Tangie is a holde that the King of Portugall keepeth in Barbarie and hath longitude 6. degrees 30. minutes and latitude .35 degrees 40. minutes and is South Southwest .1113 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather then at London .53 minutes and the longest Sommer day is .14 houres .25 minutes Abilles a Hill commonly called Cappe Hill ryght against Iuberaltare and is one of Hercules pyllers the longitude .7 degrees the latitude .35 degrees 40. minutes and is South Southwest .1116 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather then at London 52. minutes and the longest day is .14 houres .25 minutes Argeyll the longitude .18 degrees the latitude .37 degrees and is South .872 miles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London and the longest day is houres minutes c. Alexandria in Egipt the longitude .60 degrees 30. minutes the latitude .31 degrees and is Southeast and by East .2169 miles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London .2 houres 42. minutes and the longest day is .14 houres c. The mouth of Nilus that emptieth himselfe in Mari Mediterraneo the longitude .62 degrees the latitude .31 degrees 30. minutes Southeast and by East .2200 myles from London the Moone chaungeth later then at London 2. houres 48. minutes and the longest day is 14. houres 8. minutes c. The North ende of the Red Sea next vnto the middle earthe Sea the longitude 64. degrees the latitude 30. degrees and is Southeast and by East .2345 myles from London the Moone chaungeth later .2 houres .56 minutes and the longest day is .14 houres .0 minutes c. Cape Deuaca in Ginney the longitude 2. degrees .20 minutes the latitude .14 degrees .50 minutes and is South Southwest .2426 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather then at London 1. houre 10. minutes and the longest daye is but 12. houres 50. minutes The Castle Demine a holde that the King of Portugall doth keep in Ginney the longitude 24. degrees the latitude .2 degrees 30. minutes and is South a lyttle to the Eastwardes 2940. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London 16. minutes and the longest day is .12 houres 20. minutes The Mouthe of the Ryuer of Bynney the longitude .32 degrees the latitude .5 degrees and is South and by East and to the Eastwardes 2885. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London 48. minutes and the longest day is .12 houres .20 minutes Cappe boon Sperance the Southermost parte of all Ethiopia hath longitude .52 degrees latitude .35 degrees 10. minutes is of the South pole called the pole Antartike beyond the Equinoctiall and is South and by East and to the Eastwardes 5382. miles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London .2 houres 8. minutes and their longest Sommer daye is in our Wynter and is 14. houres long 20. minutes c. Goia a Citie in Ethiopia the longitude is .60 degrees 50. minutes the latitude hath the South Pole eleuated 19. degrees 50. minutes and is South Southeast .4685 miles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London .2 houres 3. minutes and the longest dayes are in our Wynter and that is 13. houres 15. minutes Garma another Citie in Ethiopia and hath longitude .57 degrees and the South Pole is 24. degrees aboue the Horizon and is South Southeast .4528 myles from London the Moone chauÌ„geth later then at London by 2. houres 28. minutes and their longest daye is as before is sayde contrarie vnto ours beyng 13. houres 30. minutes long c. The great Ilande of Saynt Laurence on the East side of Ethiopia beyonde Cape boon Sperance hath longitude 85. degrees 30. minutes and the South Pole is eleuated 20. degrees in the myddle of the Ilande and is Southeast and by South 5249. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London 4. houres .20 minutes and the longest daye is .13 houres .15 minutes in our Wynter c. The Ilande of Saynt Thomas hath longitude
beyonde the Equinoctiall 7224. myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London by .5 howres .0 minutes and the longest Summer daye with them is our shortest Winter daye for that the pole Antartick or south pole is aboue the Horizon and is .16 howres .36 minutes c. The great riuer of Plate the longitude 327. degrees the latitude is the South pole 35. degrees and is South Southwest 5685. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather then at London by .3 howres 32. minutes and their longest summer day is in our winter is 14. howres .30 mynuts long Cappe Crusos the Eastermost part of all America is coÌ„monly called the cost of Brasell the longitude 345. degrees the latitude 5. degrees of the south pole and is South Southwest 3792 myles froÌ„ London the Moone changeth rather then at LondoÌ„ 2. houres 20. mi. the loÌ„gest day is about .12 houres .30 minuts Cappe de planco the longitude .306 degrees the latitude 5. degrees is southwest and by West 4547. myles from LondoÌ„ and the Moone changeth rather 4. howres .56 minutes and the longest daye is about 12. howres 20. minutes c. Cappe S. Marthae the loÌ„gitude .284 degrees the latitude 12. degrees and is west southwest to the southwards 5103. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather by 60. howres 24. minutes and the longest daye is 12 howres 45. minutes Carthagena the longitude .282 degrees the latitude 10. degrees .15 minutes and is West Southwest and to the South 5316. myles from London the moone changeth rather by .6 howres 32. mynutes and the longest day is 12. howres .38 minutes Nomber de Deus the longitude 276. degrees the latitude 7. degrees and is West Southwest 5685. myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather by 6. howres 56. minutes and the longest daye is .12 howres 25. mynutes c. The great famous Citie of Mexico the principallest place in all America the longitude .238 degrees the latitude .21 degrees 30. minutes and is West and by south 6844. myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London by 9. howres 28. minutes and the longest day is 13. howres 20. mynutes The riuer of Palme in Floryda the longitude 260. degrees the latitude 39. degrees .20 minutes and is West and to the Southwardes 5034. miles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London by 8. howres .0 minutes and the longest daye is 14. howres 45. minutes The Cape of Cerra Floryda the longitude .272 degrees the latitude 31. degrees and is West and by Southe .4935 myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather by 7. howres .12 minutes the longest daye is .14 howres .6 minutes c. Perru in America the longitude .290 degrees the latitude hath the South pole 5. degrees and is Southwest and by West .5528 myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London 6. howres 0. minutes and their longest daye is but .12 howres .20 mynutes Pannama a Towne or Citie vppon the Sea Coaste of Mare de Sur or South sea the longitude .276 degrees the latitude .20 degrees 40. minutes and is Southwest and by West and to the Westwardes 5794 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather by 6. howres 56. minutes and the longest day is 12. howres 15. minutes Tumbes a Port in the Prouince of Peru vpon the cost of the South Sea the longitude 276. degrees the latitud 12. degrees of the Antartick pole and is Southwest and by West 6045. myles from LondoÌ„ and the moone chauÌ„geth rather by 6 howres 56 minutes and the longest day is but .12 howres 15. minutes in our Winter Baculaius is on the north-Northeast ende of America commonlye called the new founde Lande the longitude of the midle of them is 320. degrees the latitude of the midle thereof is .54 degrees and is West and to the North partes .2200 myles from London the moone chaungeth rather by 3. howres .59 minutes and the longest daye is 16. howres 58. minutes The Lande of Labrador the longitude of the Eastermost Cape is 320 degrees the latitude thereof 63. degrees and the moone chaungeth rather by 3. howres 95. minutes and is West Northwest and to the Northwardes .2768 myles from London and the longest day is 20. howres 0. minutes longe And thus I doe ende the discription of the mayâ—e or firme land of America c. The ninth Chapter sheweth the Longitude and the Latitude and the other thinges before hearsed of certayne of the most principalle Ilands of Europe within the midle earth Sea and also of the moste principalle Ilands of Asia and America ANd now shall folow the longitude and the latitude and the other thinges before rehearsed of Certayne of the most notablest Ilands of all Asia and America and also of Europe and fyrst of certayne of the most principall Ilands in the midle earth Sea And fyrst the Iland of Cicilia being the principallest Iland in all that Seas the midle therof hath longitude 37. degrees the latitude 36. degrees and is Southeast and by South 1178. miles from London and the Moone chaungeth later by 1. howre .8 minutes and their longest daye is 14. howres .30 minutes c. The Ilande of Corsica the myddle thereof hath longitude 31. degrees the latitude 40. degrees is Southeast and by South 829. myles from London and the moone chaungeth later by .44 minuts and their longest day is 14. houres 50. minutes c. The Ilande of Sardinia the myddle hath longitude 31. degrees the latitude 38. degrees and is South Southeast and to the Eastwardes .932 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later by 44. minutes and their longest day is .14 houres 40. minutes long c. The Ilande of Maiorica the myddle hath longitude .17 degrees the latitude 38. degrees 30. mynutes and is South and a little to the Westwardes .792 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather by 12. minutes and the longest day is 14. houres 43. minutes c. The Ilande of Minorica the longitude .20 degrees the latitude 39. degrees and is due South .752 myles from London the Moone chaungeth at that tyme that it dooth at London and the longest daye is .14 houres .45 minutes c. The Ilande of Candie the longitude .55 degrees the latitude 35. degrees .20 minutes and is Southeast and by East and to the Eastwardes 1791. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London by 2. houres .20 minutes and the longest day is .14 houres .25 minutes c. The Ilands of Nigropant the longitude .54 degrees the latitude 38. degrees and is East South and to the Southwardes 1643. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later by 2. houres .16 minutes and the longest day is .14 houres .40 minutes c. The Ilandes called Ciclades the myddle of