Selected quad for the lemma: end_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	east_n	north_n	west_n	5,069	5	9.1516	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A04334	The nauigators supply Conteining many things of principall importance belonging to nauigation, with the description and vse of diuerse instruments framed chiefly for that purpose; but seruing also for sundry other of cosmography in generall: the particular instruments are specified on the next page.	Barlow, William, d. 1625.	1597 (1597)	STC 1445; ESTC S100864	53,601	102

Eastwards or Westwards and according to discretion set your Flower de luce as may best fitte the way of your course And therefore if it be most South or North let the longer sides of your Table stand in steade of those partes if it be East or West then name the sides accordingly For example if it be Eastwards Northerly set downe a pricke betokening your Radicall place vpon the West end of the South side if it be any other way set downe your pricke as may be answerable thereunto and placing your Ruler square vpon equal diuisions in the sides East West with the edge thereof touching the said Pricke drawe a line representing the Parallele of the Ships Radicall place and hard by the point or pricke of your Radicall place note the Latitude there of in degrees and minutes Then set the Center corner of your Quadrant vnto the Radicall point eleuating the limbe of the Quadrant aboue the Parallele according to the quantitie of that Angle whereon the Ship made her first way and reckoning in the edge of the Quadrant the leagues of the Ships way at the ende thereof make a pricke as close vnto the edge as may be Lastly fastening your Ruler directly vpon the pricke and square with the sides of East and West drawe a line which shal serue for the Parallele that the Ship at that instant is in And this order of working must from time to time be iterated till at length opportunitie be offered by your Instruments Mathematicall to make an obseruation of Latitude But if it so fall out that the Shippes way doe conteyne moe leagues then there are diuisions in the side of the Quadrant then applying either side of the Ruler close vnto the edge of the Quadrant by that meanes you may pricke downe the number Hauing vpon shift of windes as it happeneth made diuerse Trauerses if you desire to knowe howe the place your Ship is in beareth from your Radicall place which is called the Angle of position and likewise the distance from it as also the Latitude together with the Difference of Longitude when you haue made as yet no obseruation doe after this sort Set the one end of your Ruler where the numbers doe beginne to the Radicall point and directing the other end towards the pricke of your Ships last place cause the edge to lie iust euen vpon it Then reckon howe many diuisions you do finde betweene the two points and so many leagues distance there is If it fall not full vpon a diuision but vpō one of those pricks betweene they signifie English miles Looke howe many diuisions are conteyned betweene the two Paralleles the one of the ships Radicall place and the other of her last place euery twentie of those doe make a degree euery seuerall diuision 3. minutes and euery pricke one minute Moreouer as occasion serueth you may accompt 4. or 5. diuisions for a league or more or lesse yea euery pricke for a league if you finde it requisite as experience in diuers shiftes of windes will shewe you to be most conuenient To knowe howe much the Ships last place doeth differ from his Radicall place in Longitude also the Angle of Position SEt the Ruler square North and South so that the Radicall place may touche the side thereof marking what diuisions the Ruler doeth cut in the North and Southsides Againe set the Ruler in like maner square touching the point of the Ships last place the number of partes conteyned betweene those two places of the Ruler in either of the two sides North or South is the difference of Longitude If the ships last place from the Radicall be Easterly the Longitude is so much encreased if Westerly it is lessened Alwayes haue you respect to the Meridian from whence Longitudes doe beginne to be reckoned that you may expresse the number answerable thereunto Moreouer place your Ruler where the numbers begin at the Radicall point and the side thereof vpon the point of the Ships last place Then apply the Center corner of the Quadrant vnto the Radicall point the Ruler still keeping his place in such sort that the side of the Quadrant doe lie euen with the Ruler Looke howe much of the eleuated limbe aboue the Parallele the Parallele it selfe cutteth off that is the Angle of Position vpon which the last place of the Ship doeth beare from the Radicall places But whenso euer you haue opportunitie to obserue the Latitude drawe your Parallele vpon the Trauerse boorde according thereunto and where the line of the Ships course doeth crosse the Parallele you must conclude that to be the place which your ship was in at the time of your obseruation correcting by that meanes the other Parallele and distāce taken by the dead reckoning so farre forth as it doth differ from this For of those three helpes before specified the Latitude is only certaine The Angle of the Ships way is reasonable good but the dead reckoning is an vncertaine ghesse And if you please to call it a probable coniecture you shal grace it with the vttermost notwithstanding it is admitted into Art for want of better helpes In considering the Angle of the Ships way by all meanes you must haue carefull regard both vnto the Set and the Variation of your Compasse Otherwise assure your selfe you shall make but wide reckonings I haue knowen a very expert Nauigator that making his reckoning without regard of the Variation which for all that he obserued though he did not reckon by it ouershot the way of his Ship 70. leagues in a voyage not of so farre distance as hence to Cape Verde Whereas casting ouer his reckoning with due respect of his Variation he made a perfect good accompt of of the very same voyage Hauing found the place of your Ship in the Trauerse-boorde howe to pricke it in your Carde FOr the conclusions to be performed vpon your Carde it is requisite that you haue a Ruler of some fine wood made very thinne of an inche a halfe broad and of sufficient length also a Quadrant like vnto the former sauing that his two sides must haue their diuisions agreeable to the Scale of leagues expressed in your Carde and finally 2. paire of Compasses Being furnished with these seeke out your Radicall place from whence you did proceede Apply the Cēter-corner of your Quadrant vnto it his limbe respecting the way answerable to the Angle of position in your Trauerse-boorde Set one foote of your Compasse vpon any Parallele of conuenient distance from it on which side it skilleth not reaching the other precisely vnto it in the nearest distance Then remoue one foote vpon that Parallele the other keeping his scantling vntill the diuision of the Angle of Position in the limbe the point of the other foote doe meete exactly together the Center-corner stil abiding in his place but mouing the limbe to or fro and likewise the Compas as before I specified til they meete Last of

yet the Flie playeth not then is it to be remedied with sharpening of the pinne The commoditie of the vse of this Needle for a Perpendicle is that because it is within the Boxe the winde cannot hinder it as it will any other Perpendicle especially being small that is in the open ayre The Traueylors lewell THIS Instrument is a Circle about a quarter of an ynch broade hauing his diametrall staye Ruler Sights and all things else as is last before described sauing these additaments The Compasse Boxe of this Instrument must be of Latten of what depth or shallownes you please Only so prepare it that the Needle or Flie want not in any wise space ynough at libertie to play in Let the Circle haue a Quadrant firmely sowdered to his vttermost circumference making right angles with the superficies of the Circle whose semidiameter let be about the length of the semidiameter of the innermost circumference of the Circle or somewhat shorter Diuide the Quadrant into 90. degrees and the numbers of those parts placed in two seueral borders must be reckoned contrary wayes the one beginning where the other endeth Vpon the edge of the vtter Circumference of the Circle where it and the Quadrant meete there must be a strong and firme ioynt fastening the Circle and Quadrant in that place vnto the Boxe in such sort that as the Circle continually riseth so the Quadrant may still sinke in the Ioynt For this Ioynt must issue from the Boxe with a necke somewhat longer then the semidiameter of the Quadrant standing at right angles vpon the Boxe and Circle both hauing in the middle a slit of capacitie sufficient to receaue the Quadrant moued therein vp and downe according to the motion of the Circle itselfe with a little screwe pinne on the one side to stay the Quadrant therewith and so consequently the Circle wheresoeuer you will haue it And on the other side an Inlet must bee handsomely filed that the lower part thereof being of a conuenient quantitie to conteine within it both the borders of the Quadrant may precisely make one right line with the middle of the Axis of the Ioynt and the neither semidiameter of the Quadrant erected So shall it alwayes supply the vse of a fiduciall line and distinctly shewe the numbers that are cut in the borders aforesaid Thus much concerning the description The vse is briefely this When the Circle is not eleuated it is the aboue mentioned Compas of Variation The middle line of the diametrall Stay representing East and West and the Base of the Quadrant produced seruing for North and South c. But when it is eleuated according to the height of the Equator whose angle by the fiduciall line of the Inlet the Quadrant sheweth in one number and the height of the Pole in the other it performeth the vse of an Equinoctiall Dyall generally throughout the whole world For supposing the Circle raysed as apperteyneth let the Needle and a Crosse-needle seemeth the best keepe his due place agreeable to the Variation Then turne the Ruler with his Sights about till the shadowe of the Lute string being toward the Sunne doe fall vpon the middle line or slit of the opposite Sight being perpendicularly erected on the Ruler like vnto the other So shall the vppermost end of the Ruler directed toward the Sunne declare the true houre either in the vpper superficies of the Circle to be reckoned by 15. degrees continually from East to South in the Forenoone and from thence to West in the Afternoone or else for more expedition in a peculiar Border of houres drawen according to euery of those 15. degrees in the voide superficies vnderneath I had once purposed to haue written somewhat of an Instrument deuised by Robert Norman who although he was not learned yet was hee a very expert Mechanician of an honest and good mind and found that by his owne industrious practise concerning a strange propertie of the Magneticall Needle which no man I thinke before him did euer finde and which the more is the shamefull slouth of men very fewe Nauigators haue practised euer sithence Although the Instrument be very easie to be made and the propertie no doubt in Nauigation of great consequence But vnderstanding by conference with a man of rare learning both in Phisicke his owne profession and in diuers other laudable knowledges besides that he many yeeres hath laboured in the consideration of the properties of that Stone and mindeth nowe out of hand for the common benefite to publish those his labours I surceassed altogether from that purpose of mine assuring me that hee if any other will be able most exactly to handle that Argument For I found him excellently skilled farre beyond any thing that I either knewe or imagined in that matter Albeit I had read all that I could heare to haue written thereof and had practised as many of their Conclusions as I made any reckoning of But I found mine Authours euen of the best accompt in many things very friuolous and vaine and ignorant of the chiefest properties of importance He that seemeth to haue written most learnedly is a Neapolitane whose footesteps I followed and found his Assertions erroneous in sixe seuerall Conclusions The Pantometer The Authors purpose in this Treatise THis Instrument that in respect of the manifold and generall vses thereof I call the Pantometer I haue framed chiefly for the Variation And that principally to serue at land yet some partes of it shalbe employed on practise of good importance at Sea both by helping the Hemisphere wherewith hereafter you shall be further acquainted in some things by performing other some for it self And although the vniuersalitie of the Pantometer would haue ministred matter of very large discourse yet for as much as my maine purpose is as in the rest so in this Treatise likewise to be ayding and assisting the Nauigator by al good meanes possible To his principal and most necessarie vses I haue therefore directed and as it were contracted the diffused nature of this Instrument Notwithstanding whatsoeuer Master Thomas Digges hath written of Measurings with his Topographicall Instrument may bee done aswell and better with this Howe conuenient it is for obseruations Astronomical the expert wil soone perceaue Al which and many other Mathematicall Conclusions easie by this Instrument to be performed I must leaue to the diligent tryall of the studious delighted with those noble Sciences The Declaration of the partes of the Pantometer THe chiefe partes of this Instrument are two The Horizontall to be placed alwayes equidistant to the plaine of the Horizon which it representeth And the Verticall perpendicularly erected vpon the former and therefore in power any Azimuth or Verticall whereof also it is named In the Horizontall there are two Semicircles The one hath the ordinarie Points of the Compasse the other the common degrees of a Circle both of them meeting in one Diameter The round voide space in the middle