was by hir set foorth had missed the cushin and lost both horsse and spurres she could not be quiet vntill she had practised a new deuise to put line 10 king Henrie to trouble And as the diuell prouideth venemous sauce to corrupt stomachs so for hir purpose she espied a certeine yoong man of visage beautifull of countenance demure and of wit craftie and subtill This youths name was Peter Warbecke one for his faintnesse of stomach of the Englishmen in derision called Perkin Warbecke according to the dutch phrase which change the name of Peter to Perkin line 20 of yoonglings and little boies which for want of age lacke of strength and manlike courage are not thought worthie of the name of a man This yoong man trauelling many countries could speake English and diuerse other languages for his basenesse of birth and stocke was almost vnknowne of all men and driuen to séeke liuing from his childhood was constreined to go and trauell thorough manie countries The duchesse glad to haue got so meet an organ for the conueieng of hir inuented purpose as line 30 one not vnlike to be taken and reputed for the duke of Yorke sonne to hir brother king Edward which was called Richard kept him a certeine space with hir priuilie Besides that she with such diligence instructed him both in the secrets and common affaires of the realme of England and of the linage descent and order of the house of Yorke that like a good scholer not forgetting his lesson he could tell all that was taught him promptlie without anie stackering or line 40 staie in his words And besides that he kept such a princelie countenance and so counterfeit a maiestie roiall that all men in manner did firmelie beléeue that he was extracted of the noble house and familie of the dukes of Yorke For suerlie it was a gift giuen to that noble progenie as of nature planted in the root that all the sequels of that line and stocke did studie and deuise how to be equiualent in honour and fame with their forefathers and noble predecessors line 50 When the duches had framed hir cloath méet for the market she was informed that king Henrie prepared to make warre against Charles the French king Wherefore she thinking that the time serued well for the setting foorth of hir malicious inuention sent this Perkin hir new inuented mawmet first into Portingale and so craftilie into the countrie of Ireland to the intent that he being both wittie and wilie might inuegle the rude Irishmen being at those daies more inclined to rebellion than to reasonable line 60 order to a new seditious commotion Shortlie after his arriuall in Ireland whether by his shrewd wit or the malicious exhortation of the sauage Irish gouernours he entred so farre in credit with the people of that I le that his words were taken to be as true as he vntruelie with false demonstrations set foorth and published them The French king aduertised hereof then being in displeasure with king Henrie sent into Ireland for Perkin to the intent to send him against king Henrie which was then inuading France as yée before haue heard Perkin thought himselfe aloft now that he was called to the familiaritie of kings and therefore with all diligence sailed into France and comming to the kings presence was of him roiallie receiued and after a princelie fashion interteined and had a gard to him assigned whereof was gouernour the lord Congreshall and to him being at Paris resorted sir George Neuill bastard sir Iohn Tailor Rowland Robinson and an hundred English rebels Now after that a peace as before is said was concluded betwixt the French king and the king of England the French king dismissed Perkin and would no longer kéepe him But some haue said which were there attending on him that Perkin fearing least the French king should deliuer him to the king of England beguiled the lord Congreshall and fled from Paris by night But whether the French king knew of his departure or not the truth is that he being in maner in despaire returned to his first founder the ladie Margaret of whome he was so welcomed to all outward appearance that it séemed she could not haue reioised at anie earthlie thing more than she did at his presence and as she could well dissemble she made semblance as though she had neuer séene him before that time Now as she had sore longed to know not once but diuerse times in open audience and in solemne presence she willed him to declare and shew by what means he was preserued from death and destruction and in what countries he had wandered and sought fréendship and finallie by what chance of fortune he came to hir court This did shée to the intent that by the open declaration of these fained phantasies the people might be persuaded to giue credit and beléeue that he was the true begotten sonne of hir brother king Edward And after this shee assigned to him a gard of thirtie persons in murrie and blew and highlie honoured him as a great estate and called him the white rose of England The nobilitie of Flanders did to him all reuerence All which port and pompe exhibited in most solemne sort he was well content to take vpon him forgetting the basenesse of his birth and glorieng in the counterfeit title of honour much like the iay that would be called a swan or like the crow that trimming hir selfe with the stolne feathers of a pecocke would séeme Iunos bird as the poet saith mentito nomine cygnum Graculus appellat sese cornicula plumas Pauonis furata cupit pauo ipsa videri ¶ In this yeare was one Hugh Clopton maior of London and of the staple a gentleman borne at Clopton village halfe a mile from Stratford vpon Auen by north who continued during his life a bacheler he builded the great and sumptuous bridge of Stratford vpon Auen at the east end of the towne This bridge hath fouretéene great arches and a long cawsie with smaller arches all made of stone new walled on each side At the west end of the bridge he builded a faire large chappell Toward the south end of that towne néere vnto the same a pretie house of bricke and timber where he laie and ended his life He glased the chancell of the parish church in that towne and made a waie of foure miles long three miles from Alesburie towards London and one mile beyond Alesburie But to returne to Perkin the brute of whome in England blowne throughout the realme sore disquieted the people insomuch that not onelie the meaner sort but also manie of the nobles and worshipfull personages beléeued and published it abroad that all was true which was reported of him And not onelie they that were in sanctuaries but also manie other that were fallen in debt assembled in a companie and passed ouer the seas into Flanders to their
and the bodie of the church conteining in length fortie foot and in breadth fourtéene foot The walles of the same church to be in height ninetie foot imbattelled vawted and charerooffed sufficientlie butteraced and euerie butterace fined with finials And in the east end of the same church shall be a window of nine daies and betwixt euerie butterace a window of fiue daies And betwixt euerie of the same butteraces in the bodie of the church on both sides of the same church line 30 a closet with an altar therein conteining in length twentie foot and in breadth ten foot vawted and finished vnder the soile of the I le windowes And the pauement of the church to be inhanced foure foot aboue the ground without And the height of the pauement of the quiere one foot and an halfe aboue the pauement of the church And the pauement of the altar thrée foot aboue that And on the north side of the quiere a vestrie conteining in length fiftie foot and in breadth twentie and two foot departed into two line 40 houses beneath two houses aboue which shall conteine in height twentie two foot in all with an entrie from the quiere vawted And at the west end of the church a cloister square the east pane conteining in length an hundred seuentie and fiue foot and the west pane as much The north pane two hundred foot and the south pane as much of the which the deambulatorie thirtéene foot wide and in height twentie foot to the corbill table with cleare stories and butteraces with finials vawted imbattelled And the ground line 50 thereof foure foot lower than the church ground And in the middle of the west pane of the cloister a strong tower square conteining foure and twentie foot within the walles And in the height one hundred and twentie foot to the corbill table And foure small turrets ouer that fined with pinacles And a doore into the said cloister inward but outward none And as touching the dimensions of the housing of the said colledge I haue deuised and appointed in the south-side of the said church a quadrant closing to both ends line 60 of the same church the east pane whereof shall conteine two hundred and thirtie foot in length and in breadth within the walles two and twentie foot In the same panes middle a tower for a gatehouse conteining in length thirtie foot and in breadth two and twentie and in height thréescore foot with thrée chambers ouer the gate euerie one ouer the other And on either side of the same gate foure chambers euerie one conteining in length fiue twentie foot and in bredth two and twentie foot And ouer euerie of these chambers two chambers aboue of the same measure or more with two towers outward and two towers inward The south pane shall conteine in length two hundred thirtie and eight foot and in breadth two and twentie foot within in which shal be seuen chambers euerie one conteining in length nine and twentie foot and in breadth twentie and two with a chamber parcell of the prouosts lodging conteining in length thirtie and fiue foot and with a chamber in the east corner of the same pane conteining in length twentie and fiue foot and in breadth thirtie and two foot And ouer euerie of all these chambers two chambers and with fiue towers outward and thrée towers inward The west pane shall conteine in length two hundred and thirtie foot and in breadth within twentie foure foot in which at the end toward the church shall be a librarie conteining in length an hundred and ten foot and in breadth twentie and foure foot And vnder it a large house for reading and disputations conteining in length eleuen foot And two chambers vnder the same librarie each conteining twentie and nine foot in length and in breadth foure and twentie foot And ouer the said librarie a house of the same largenesse for diuerse stuffe of the said colledge In the other end of the same pane a hall conteining in length an hundred foot vpon a vawt of twelue foot high ordeined for the cellar and butterie and the breadth of the hall six and thirtie foot On euerie side thereof a baie window And in the nether end of the same hall toward the middle of the same pane a pantrie butterie euerie of them in length twentie foot and in breadth seuentéene foot And ouer that two chambers for officers And at the nether end of the hall toward the west a goodlie kitchin And the same pane shall haue inward two towers ordeined for the waies into the hall and librarie And in euerie corner of the said quadrant shall be two corner towers one inward and one outward more than the towers aboue rehearsed And at the vpper end of the hall the prouosts lodging that is to wit more than the chambers for him aboue specified a parlour on the ground conteining six and thirtie foot in length and two and twentie foot in breadth two chambers aboue of the same quantitie And westward closing there to a kitchin for him a larderhouse stables and other necessarie housings and grounds And westward beyond these houses and the said kitchin ordeined for the hall a bakehouse a brewhouse and other houses of office betwixt which there is left a ground square of fourscore foot in euerie pane for wood and such stuffe And in the middle of the said large quadrant shall be a conduit goodlie deuised for the ease of the same colledge And I will that the edification proceed in large forme of my said colledge cleane and substantiall setting apart superfluitie of so great curious workes of intaile and busie moulding And I haue deuised and appointed that the precinct of my said colledge as well on both sides of the garden from the colledge to the water as in all other places of the same precinct be inclosed with a substantiall wall of the height of fourtéene foot with a large tower at the principall entrie against the middle of the east pane out of the high stréet And in the same tower a large gate and another tower in the middle of the west end at the new bridge And the same wall to be creafted imbattelled and fortified with towers as manie as shall be thought conuenient therevnto And I will that my said colledge be edified of the most substantiall best abiding stuffe of stone lead glasse and iron that maie best he had and prouided thereto ¶ Thus much I haue inlarged by occasion of reading this good kings will the cunning deuise wherof I leaue to the considerate iudgement of such as be expert in architecture heartilie desiring almightie God to put into the heart of some noble prince of this land one day to make perfect this roiall worke so charitablie begun But now to returne to king Edward Ye shall
haue it causing a certeine number of harquebutters vpon appointment before to beset the castell and to watch that none should passe in or out that in the end the ladie of the house and other that were within in charge with it yéelded it vp to the lord protectors hands for the ladie doubting the losse of hir son that was prisoner with the Englishmen hauing the first daie béene with the lord protector and got respit till the next daie at noone in the meane time consulted with hir sonne and other hir friends the kéepers of the castell returned at the time appointed the next daie being the one and twentith of that moneth and made sute for a longer respit till eight of the clocke at night and therewith safe conduct for Andrew Hume hir second son and Iohn Hume lard of Coldan Knows a kinsman of hir husbands capteins of this castell to come and speake with his grace in the meane while It was granted hir Wherevpon these capteins about thrée of the clocke came to the lord protector and after other couenants with long debating on both parts agréed vpon she and these capteins concluded to giue their assent to render the castell so far foorth as the rest of the keepers would therewith be contented for two or thrée within said they were also in charge with kéeping it as well as they for knowledge of whose minds the duke sent Summerset his herald with this ladie to the castell vnto them who as the herald had made them priuie to the articles would faine haue had leisure for foure and twentie hours longer to send to their lord to Edenburgh where he laie hurt as before you haue heard and in danger of death which followed of the fall that he caught at the fridaies skirmish before the battell to know his will and plesure in this point of rendering vp the castell but being wiselie and sharplie called vpon by the herald they agréed to the couenants afore by their ladie and capteins concluded on whereof part as the sequele shewed were these That they should depart thense the next daie in the morning by ten of the clocke with bag and baggage as much as they could carie leauing all munition and vittels behind them in the castell Howbeit to be assured of them the lord protector prouiding ech waie to be readie for them caused eight péeces of ordinance fensed with baskets of earth to be planted on the southside toward the castell within power of batterie and the harquebutters to continue their watch and ward On thursdaie morning being the two and twentith of September the lord Greie was appointed to receiue the rendring of the castell into his hands and sir Edward Dudleie now lord Dudleie after to be capteine there They both departed to it and at the time set Andrew Hume and foure other of the chiefest there with him came out and yéelding the castell deliuered the keies to the said lord Greie his lordship causing the residue to come out then sauing six or seuen to keepe their baggage within who all were in number seuentie and eight entred the same with maister Dudleie and diuerse other gentlemen with him He found there indifferent good store of vittels and wine of ordinance two bastard culuerings one sacre also thrée falconets of brasse and of iron eight péeces beside The keeping of this castell the lord Greie betaking vnto sir Edward Dudleie accordinglie returned to the campe This doone the next daie being fridaie and the thrée and twentith of September they dislodged and went that morning to Rockesburgh incamping in a great fallow field betwixt Rockesburgh and Kelseie standing eastward a quarter of a mile off Here at Rockesburgh they began to build a fort within the compasse of an old ruinous castell the plot and site whereof standeth line 10 naturallie verie strong vpon a hill east and west of an eight score in length and three score in breadth drawing to a narrownesse at the east end the whole ground whereof the old walles did yet inuiron Beside the heigth and hardnesse to come to it is stronglie fensed on either side with the course of two great riuers Tiuet on the north and Twéed on the south both which ioining somwhat nigh togither at the west end of it Tiuet by a large compasse about the fields line 20 in which the campe laie at Kelseie dooth fall into this Twéed which with great depth and swiftnesse runneth from thense eastward into the sea at Berwike Ouer this betwixt Kelseie and Rockesburgh there hath béene a great stone bridge with arches the which the Scots in times past haue all to broken because the Englishmen should not that waie come to them Soone after the lord protectors surueie of the plot and determination to doo as much in déed for making line 30 it defensible as shortnesse of the time season of the yéere could suffer which was that one great trench of twentie foot broad with depth according and a wall of like depth bredth and heigth should be made crosse within the castell from the one side wall to the other and fortie foot from the west end and that a like trench and wall should likewise be cast a trauerse within about a coits cast from the east end and hereto that the castell walles on either side where néed was should be mended with turffe and made with lowps as well for shooting directlie forward line 40 as for flanking at hand the worke of which deuise did make that beside the safegard of these trenches and walles the keepers should also be much defended from the enimies force by both the end walles of the castell the pioners were set a worke and diligentlie applied in the same The lard of Sesseforth and manie other lards and gentlemen of Tiuidall and the Mers hauing come and communed with the lord protector and the councell made an assurance or as it were a truce for that line 50 daie till the next daie at night and on the next daie while assurance lasted these lards and gentlemen being the chiefest in the whole Mers and Tiuidale came in againe whome the dukes grace with wisedome and policie without bloudshed did win then vnto the kings obedience for the which they did willinglie then receiue an oth whose names in part insue The lard of Sesseforth the lard of Fernihurst the lard of Greenehead the lard of Hunthill the lard of Huntleie the lard of Markeston by Merside the line 60 lard of Boniedworth the lard of Ormeston the lard of Mailestaine the lard of Warmeseie the lard of Linton the lard of Egerston the lard of Marton the lard of Mow the lard of Reddell the lard of Reamerside George Trombull Iohn Holliburton Robert Car of Greiden Adam Kirton Andrew Kirton Andrew Meither Sander Spur of Erleston Marke Car of Littleden George Car of Faldenside Alexander Makdowell Charles Rotherford Thomas Car of the Yere Iohn Car of
discouered his experience to such as were officers in the worke who presentlie put in practise execution the same deuise making prouision of great strong barrels and pipes of wood caried them to Folkstone and at low water fastened therto with chaines such huge stones as laie on the shore neere the low water marke where the quarrie or mine of those rocks is so as when the floud or full sea came the said vessels with the stones thereto fastned rose vp swam And if the stone were of such quantitie as two or thrée emptie casks could not lift it vp then did they ad a barrell or two more which would not faile to doo it then did they drag with small botes the casks stones therevnto tied to the place where they were disposed to sinke them so the worke wherein consisted the greatest difficultie in appearance was with most ease and least charge accomplished And for this deuise the said Iohn Yoong had a yéerelie stipend giuen vnto him by the king during his life With these stones as also by this means was the greatest worke doone and with great cost and labor these piles were filled vp The chalke and filling thereof being brought from the north pierre was conueied thither in a great bote called a Gaboth which had nine kéeles There stands yet of the timber worke of the old pierre foure score foot in length and â—oâ—es vpon that part of the pierre where stood a fort line 10 named the Blacke bulworke Now that which was doone on that side with the helpe of nature at the other two sides made an excellent roâ—e or harborough for the time it continued and had maintenance The king for his part spared no charge for he spent hereabouts as I am crediblie informed fiftie thousand pounds nor yet did forbeare anie trauell which might further the worke For in person he purposelie repaired thither diuerse and sundrie times being distant from the court fiftie miles at line 20 the least yea his highnes had such care that it should be well performed that no expert man in water works either on this side or beyond the seas but if it might be he was brought thither or at the least conferred withall And during the time of all the worke the kings cofers séemed to stand wide open But alas thâ— kings care and charge and the continuall trouble and trauell of officers was such about the worke present that the prouision for the future maintenance thereof was vtterlie neglected For the kings absence at his line 30 being at Bullen his sickenesse at his returne and finallie his death méeting with the nonage of his son king Edward the sixt made an end of all this worke which being once in the state of decaie there was no reparations nor further proceeding therein till the time of quéene Marie in the beginning of whose reignâ— by the space of two yeares there was some rumbling thereabout But the workmen and officers were not well paid and after bad paiment no paiment and so all was giuen ouer Sir Anthonie Aucher line 40 was treasuror in these works and manie other inferior officers also there were and manie other inferior officers also there were but especiallie of clerks But now I am to declare vnto you the lamentable ruine and decaie of this worke before the end and finishing whereof there was brought along the coast from by south-southwest a maruellous quantitie of beach and bowlder stone whereof there had béene neuer anie séene before in those parts of that coast and a great quantitie thereof rested vpon the backe of the pierre especiallie before the Blacke bulworke which so long line 50 as it might lie there without further annoiance was in appearance a singular helpe for the strength and preseruation of the said worke but it fell out otherwise For besides that that an easterlie great wind would remooue and driue it from that coast and consequentlie from the pierre which then would lie naked as before vntill the south and westerne wind turned it backe againe the pierre through negligence decaieng especiallie at the Blacke bulworke where the greatest abundance of beach vsuallie rested it passed through line 60 the decaied places thereof in such measure as in short time thereby grew a shelfe of beach from that point of the pierre to the east part of the baie butting to the Castell Raie so as no entrance thereinto for anie ship remained And the more that the furthest point of the pierre decaied and waxed shorter the néerer was the shelfe brought vnto the shore insomuch as if the residue of the pierre had not béene preserued that shelfe would soone haue béene brought to the verie towne and so haue choked vp the baie and béerest all possibilitie of euer hauing a harbor in that place The decaie of the pierre grew now more and more partlie as is said through want of prouidence and cost to be imploied therevpon and sufficient prouision to mainteine the same but especiallie through the disorder of the poorer sort of the townesmen who dailie purloined timber iron and all that was anie thing woorth which they could pull or catch from the decaieng places of the pierre And now by meanes of this shelfe the hauen waxed woorse than euer it was insomuch as oftentimes a bote that drew but foure foot of wâ—ter could not enter into the mouth thereof and sometime none at all for the baie was altogither shut vp so as the harborough was become a pent out of the which nothing could passe out or in sauing the water that soked through the beach But the riuer which issueth out of the towne at a water gate standing at the north-northeast end of the said pent in continuance of time would make an issue through some part of the same beach into the sea sometime at one end sometime at another sometime verie shallow and neuer verie déepe which issue was alwaies their hauens mouth vntill a contrarie wind did stop it vp againe and then they had no entrance at all vntill the riuer had made a new fret or that they had digged a chanell through the beach which manie times they were driuen to doo The losse of this hauen and the losse of Calis which happened about one time made such an alteration or rather desolation in and of the towne as was lamentable and woonderfull to behold For of a braue rich and populous towne it presentlie became a poore and desolate village reteining onelie the name and liberties of the famous port of Douer Neuerthelesse the necessitie and expedience of a good hauen in that place did still remaine a conuenient meane also was left for the accomplishment thereof as it séemed to diuerse which were wise and of good experience insomuch as that verie matter which was supposed to be the destruction of the late harborough should now become a principall helpe and furtherance to a
or fift yeare of the reigne of this William Rufus at which time he entered the land as farre as Chester in the stréet whilest king William was in Normandie the fift time was now when he lost his life on saint Brices day by the hands of a verie valiant knight named Morkell King Malcolme being thus surprised by death his bodie was buried at Tinmouth as in the line 20 Scotish histories more plainelie appeareth where also ye may find how the sonnes of king Malcolme were aided by king William Rufus to obteine the crowne of Scotland wherevnto they were interessed whereas otherwise by the force and practise of their vncle Donald they had béene kept from the scepter and crowne of the kingdome This yeare England and Normandie were sore vexed with mortalitie both of men and beasts insomuch that tillage of the ground was laid aside in line 30 manie places by reason wherof there folowed great dearth famine Manie grizelie and hideous sights were seene also in England as hosts of men fighting in the aire flashes of fier stars falling from heauen and such like strange wonders About this time new occasions of breach of amitie grew betwixt the king and his brother Robert who accused him of periurie for not obseruing the articles of the last peace concluded betwixt them wherefore he purposed line 40 to saile ouer into Normandie and so came vnto Hastings about the first of Februarie where he soiourned for a time and caused the church of Battell abbeie to be dedicated in the honour of S. Martin He depriued Herbert bishop of Thetford of his bishops staffe bicause he meant to haue stolne awaie secretlie to Rome and there to haue purchased absolution of pope Urban for his bishoprike which he had bought of the king for himselfe and likewise for the abbasie of Winchester which he had purchased for his father paieng for them both a thousand pounds line 50 After this about midlent he passed ouer into Normandie with an armie purposing to trie the matter with his brother in plaine battell that thereby he might rather grow to some certeine point of losse or lucre than to stand euer vpon vncerteinties whether to haue peace or war that he must be constreined to be at all times in a readinesse to defend himselfe But after he was come into Normandie had forraied part of the countrie once or twice he fell to a line 60 parle with his brother duke Robert in the end condescended to put the matter in compromise to the arbitrement of certeine graue persons whose iudgement the king reiected bicause they gaue not sentence on his side Herevpon both parts prepared for war afresh insomuch that the king perceiuing how his brother was aided by the French king and that his power was too weake to withstand them both he sent his commission into England for the leuieng of 20. thousand men commanding that they should be sent ouer vnto him into Normandie by a daie which was diligentlie performed But as they were come togither about Hastings readie to enter a shipboord immediatlie commeth the kings lieutenant with a countermand and signifieth to them that the king minding to fauour and spare them for that iournie would that euerie of them should giue him 10. shillings as Matt. Paris hath or 20. shillings as others haue towards the charges of the war and therevpon depart home with a sufficient safeconduct which the most part were better content to doo than to commit themselues to the fortune of the sea and bloudie successe of the wars in Normandie In deed king William changing his mind was now determined to end the matter with monie and not with the sword as it afterward appeered for by bribing of king Philip in whome duke Robert had reposed his whole trust he concluded peace vpon such articles and conditions as he himselfe required Hauing dispatched his businesse in Normandie he returned into England where he happened to méet with new and more dangerous wars for the Welshmen hearing of the variance betwixt the brethren after their accustomed maner begin to inuade the English marshes taking booties of cattell destroieng the countries killing and spoiling many of the kings subiects both English and Normans After this waxing proud of their good successe they besieged the castell of Mountgomerie where though the garison made stout resistance for a time yet in the end the enimie finding shift to ouerthrow the walles entred perforce and slue all that they found within Wherewith though king William was offended when he heard of it yet could he not remedie the matter as then being troubled with a conspiracie newlie kindled against him by Robert earle of Northumberland who vpon displeasure conceiued against him bicause he was not rewarded nor thanked at his hands for his good seruice shewed in the killing of Malcolme king of Scotland refused to come vnto him being sent for by letters and herewith began to practise with certeine other Noble men of that countrie how to depose king William But yer he could bring anie peece of his purpose to passe the king hauing aduertisement of his attempts first appointed his brother the lord Henrie to go thither with an armie and foorthwith foloweth himselfe and comming to Newcastell where the most part of his complices were assembled he surprised them yer they could haue time to prouide for their safetie That doone he went to Tinmouth and in the castell tooke the earles brother there and after came to Banbourgh castell which the said earle with his wife and children did hold for their better safegard and defense Some authors write that when the king perceiued it would be hard for him to win Banbourgh castell by reason of the great strength thereof without famine he builded vp an other castell or bastilion fast by it calling the same Maluoisin wherein he placed a great power of men by whose meanes at length the earle was so narrowlie driuen that when he sought to haue escaped by night he was espied and therewith pursued so closelie by the kings souldiers that he was forced to take sanctuarie within the church of S. Oswins at Tinmouth from whence he was quicklie taken and brought as prisoner to the kings presence Notwithstanding those that remained within the castell vpon trust of the strength of that place would not yeeld by anie meanes but stood still to their tackling whervpon the king caused the earle their maister to be brought foorth before the gates and threatned that he should haue his eies put out if they within did not streightwaies giue vp the hold into his hands Herevpon it came to passe that the castell was yéelded and those that kept it were diuerslie punished some by banishment some by loosing their eares diuerse by the losse of their hands in example to others The earle himselfe was conueied to Windsor castell and there committed to
a great number of Flemings came into England line 60 beséeching the king to haue some void place assigned them wherein they might inhabit At the first they were appointed to the countrie lieng on the east part of the riuer of Twéed but within foure yeres after they were remooued into a corner by the sea side in Wales called Penbrokeshire to the end they might be a defense there to the English against the vnquiet Welshmen ¶ It should appeare by some writers that this multitude of Flemings consisted not of such onelie as came ouer about that time by reason their countrie was ouerflowne with the sea as ye haue heard but of other also that arriued here long before euen in the daies of William the Conquâ—rour through the freendship of the quéene their countriewoman sithens which time their number so increased that the realme of England was sore pestered with them wherevpon king Henrie deuised to place them in Penbrokeshire as well to auoid them out of the other parts of England as also by their helpe to tame the bold and presumptuous fiercenesse of the Welshmen Which thing in those parties they brought verie well to passe for after they were setled there they valiantlie resisted their enimies and made verie sharpe warres vpon them sometimes with gaine and sometimes with losse In the yeare 1108. Anselme held an other synod or councell whereat in presence of the king year 1108 and by the assent of the earles and barons of the realme it was ordeined 1 That préests deacons and subdeacons should liue chastlie and kéepe no women in their houses except such as were neere of kin to them 2 That such preests deacons and subdeacons as contrarie to the inhibition of the councell holden at London had either kept their wiues or married other of whom as Eadmerus saith there was no small number they should put them quite away if they would continue still in their préesthood 3 That neither the same wines should come to their houses nor they to the houses where their wiues dwelled but if they had any thing to say to them they should take two or thrée witnesses and talke with them abroad in the street 4 That if any of them chanced to be accused of breaking this ordinance he should be driuen to purge himselfe with six sufficient witnesses of his owne order if he were a préest if a deacon with foure and if a subdeacon with two 5 That such preests as would forgo seruing at the altar and holie order to remaine with their wiues should be depriued of their benefices and not suffered to come within the quire 6 That such as contemptuouslie kept still their wiues and presumed to say masse if being called to satisfaction they should neglect it they should then be excommunicated Within compasse of which sentence all archdeacons and prebendarie canons were comprised both touching the forgoing of their women and auoiding of their companie and also the punishment by the censures of the church if they transgressed the ordinance 7 That euerie archdeacon should be sworne not to take any monie for fauouring any person transgressing these statutes and that they should not suffer any preests whome they knew to haue wiues either to say masse or to haue any vicars The like oth should a deane receiue Prouided that such archdeacons or deanes as refused this oth should be depriued of their roomes 8 That préests who leauing their wiues would be content to serue God the altar should be suspended from that office by the space of fortie daies and be allowed to haue vicars in the meane time to serue for them and after vpon performance of their inioined penance by the bishop they might returne to their function In this meane time king Henrie being aduertised of the death of Philip king of France and not knowing what his sonne Lewes surnamed Crassus might happilie attempt in his new preferment to the crowne sailed ouer into Normandie to see the countrie in good order and the townes castels and fortresses furnished accordinglie as the doubtfull time required Now after he had finished his businesse on that side he returned into England where he met with ambassadours sent to him from the emperour Henrie The effect of whose mâ—ssage was to require his daughter Maud in mariage vnto the said emperour wherevnto though she was not then past fiue yeares of age he willinglie consented and shewing to the ambassadours great signes of loue he caused the espousals by waie of procuration to be solemnized with great feasts and triumphs This being ended he suffered the ambassadors honored with great gifts and princelie rewards to depart About this time Gerard archbishop of Yorke died whom one Thomas the kings chapleine succeeded who for lacke of monie to furnish his iournie and for line 10 other causes as in his letters of excuse which he wrot to Anselme it dooth appeere could not come to Canturburie for to be consecrated of him in so short a time as was conuenient But Anselme at length admonished him by letters that without delaie he should dispatch and come to be consecrated And wheras Anselme vnderstood that the same Thomas was purposed to send vnto Rome for his pall he doubted least if the pope should confirme him in his seey by sending to him his pall he would happilie refuse line 20 to make vnto him profession of his due obedience Wherefore to preuent that matter Anselme wrote to pope Paschall requiring him in no wise to send vnto the nominated archbishop of Yorke his pall till he had according to the ancient customes made profession to him of subiection least some troublesome contentions might thereof arise to the no small disquieting of the English church He also aduertised pope Paschall that bicause he permitted the emperour to inuest bishops and did not therefore excommunicate line 30 him king Henrie threatened that without doubt he would resume the inuestitures into his hands thinking to hold them in quiet as well as he and therefore be sought him to consider what his wisedome had to doo therein with spéed least that building which he had well erected should vtterlie decaie fall againe into irrecouerable ruine For K. Henrie maketh diligentlie inquirie saith he what order you take with the emperour The pope receiuing and perusing these letters line 40 wrote againe vnto Anselme a verie freendlie answer concerning the archbishop of Yorke And as for suffering of the emperour to haue the inuestitures he signified to him that he neither did nor would suffer him to haue them but that hauing borne with him for a time he now ment verie shortlie to cause him to feele the weight of the spirituall sword of S. Peter which alreadie he had drawen out of the scaberd therewith to strike if he did not the sooner forsake his horrible errour naughtie opinion line 50 There was another cause also that moued
daie of Februarie they came foorth and submitted themselues and all that they had vnto the kings pleasure Who caused them to be safelie kept till he might take further aduisement what should be doone with them In the meane while also came the earle of Albemarle who by the helpe means of the archbishop of Yorke and the legat Pandulph purchased peace at the kings hands the rather indeed bicause he had line 40 faithfullie serued both the king and his father king Iohn in their wars before that time All those men of armes souldiers also which had submitted themselues and remained as prisoners were pardoned Which ouer-great clemencie caused other vnrulie persons to attempt the like offense of rebellion shortlie after At the very selfe same time the Welshmen began to sturre and vnder their prince and leader Leolin they entered vpon the English marshes and with great crueltie spoiled and robbed the same line 50 wherevpon it was determined by the councell that the king as he was comming toward the castell of Biham should diuide his armie and so he did sending one part thereof against the Welshmen whervpon Leolin after he vnderstood that the kings power came toward him as one not able to resist the same cast off his armour and submitted himselfe to his mercie There be which write that where prince Leolin had besieged the castell of Buet belonging to Reginald line 60 de Breuse the same Reginald besought the K. to helpe to remooue that siege The king contented with his request came with a puissant armie into those parts and therewith the siege was raised for the Welshmen according to their accustomed maner fled The king then entring further into the countrie came to the place where Mountgomerie now standeth and perceiuing the site of the same to serue well for fortification he caused a castell to be builded there to restreine the Welshmen from their accustomed trade of harrieng the countrie And so after he had foraied those quarters and taken order for the full accomplishment of that castell he returned the Nobles granting to him of euerie knights sée two markes of siluer Things being thus in quiet the king who by dailie experience of matters grew to more knowledge from time to time began now of himselfe to order his affaires for his owne behalfe namelie touching the estate of his kingdome and bicause he was minded to assaie the recouerie of those places which his father had lost in France he ordeined Sauerie de Mauleon to be his lieutenant in Guien whereof a gret part as yet remained in his hands and moreouer sent ambassadours vnto the French king requiring of him restitution of those places which he had taken from his father These oratours being come into France and admitted to the kings presence receiued answer that nothing ought to be restored which by law of armes was rightlie conquered and other redresse at that time would none be granted ¶ But a maruell it was to consider here at home in how short a space the state of the English common-wealth was changed and from a troubled fourme reduced to a flourishing and prosperous degrée chiefelie by the diligent heed and carefull prouision of the king himselfe So much auaileth it to haue him that ruleth to attend that which belongeth to his office After this to the intent that whiles he might be occupied in warres abroad he should not be troubled with ciuill discord at home he deuised to ioine in affinitie with the Scots giuing his sister Ione in mariage vnto Alexander the king of Scotland and Hubert of Burgh on the other side married the sister of the same Alexander called Margaret These marriages were solemnized at Yorke on the morrow after the feast of S. Iohn Baptist in the presence of a great number of the Nobles both of England and Scotland A councell also was holden by the archbishop of Canturburie at Oxford for reformation of the state ecclesiasticall and the religion of moonks ¶ In which councell two naughtie felowes were presentes before him that of late had beene apprehended either of them naming himselfe Christ and preached manie things against such abuses as the cleargie in those daies vsed Moreouer to prooue their errour to haue a shew of truth they shewed certeine tokens and signes of wounds in their bodies hands and féet like vnto our sauiour Iesus that was nailed on the crosse In the end being well apposed they were found to be but false dissemblers wherefore by doome of that councell they were iudged to be nailed vnto a crosse of wood and so those to whom the execution was assigned had them foorth to a place called Arborberie where they nailed them to a crosse and there left them till they were dead The one of them was an Hermophrodite that is to say both man and woman Also there were two women condemned of whom the one had taken vpon hir to be that blessed virgine Marie and the other fained hir selfe to de Marie Magdalene Ralfe Coghshall sheweth this matter otherwise and saith that there were two men and two women brought before the archbishop at this councell of the which one of the men being a deacon was accused to be an apostata for the loue of a woman that was a Iew he had circumcised himselfe being herof conuicted disgraded he was committed to the secular power so burnt by the seruants of Fouks de Brent The other being a yoong man was accused of contemning the sacraments of the church that he suffered himselfe to be crucified hauing the prints of the fiue wounds appearing in his bodie and counterfeiting himselfe to be Christ reioised to haue the two women giue out and spread the rumour abroad that he was Christ in déed one of the which women being verie aged was also accused of witcherie hauing with hir soâ—cerie and witchcraft brought that yoong man vnto such wicked foâ—â—ie and madnesse They two being hereof conuicted were closed vp betwixt two walles where they remained till they died the other woman being sister to the yoong man was pardoned and let go bicause she had reuealed the diuelish practise of the other This yeare also was the building of the stéeple belonging to the church of S. Paule in London finished And this yeare also vpon saint Iames day the line 10 citizens of London kept a plaie of defense and wrestling at the hospitall of saint Iames against other their neighbours of the suburbes and the quarters next adâ—â—â—ning In the end whereof it so fortuned that the Londoners had the vpper hand and amongst other that were put to the foile the steward of the abbat of Westminster with his folkes went awaie with the worst to their great gréefe Wherevpon the same steward deuised an other game of wrestling to be holden at Westminster on Lammas day next line 20 following and that whosoeuer could
Wake Gilbert Gifford Nicholas de Segraue Godfrey de Lucie Iohn de Ueisie William de Mountchensie with other The king answered this letter in charging them with rebellion and moouing of open war against him to the great disquieting of the realme Also he laid vnto their charge the burning of the manours houses and places of his nobles and councellors and herewith defied them by the same answer which was dated at Lewes aforesaid on the twelfth of Maie Also the king of Romanes and prince Edward sent their defiance to the barons at the same time in writing vnder their seales for that the barons in their letter to the king had burthened them and other with misleading the king with vntrue informations and sinister counsell Thus as they writ to and fro such nipping letters all the treatie of peace was forgotten and laid aside so that they prepared to battell The king had indéed the greater number of armed men but manie of them were vnfaithfull and cared not greatlie though the losse fell to his side and so whilest they went to it without order vnaduisedlie they fought at aduenture continued but faintly His capteines made thrée battels of their armie the lord Edward led the foreward and with him William de Ualence earle of Penbroke and Iohn de Warren erle of Surrey and Sussex In the second the K. of Almaine with his sonne Henrie were cheeftaines The third the king gouerned himselfe The barons diuided their host into foure battels the first was vnder the gouernment of the lord Henrie de Montfort and others The second was led by the lord Gilbert de Clare the lord Iohn Fitz Iohn and the lord William de Mountchensie The third in which the Londoners were placed the lord Nicholas de Segraue ruled The fourth was led by Simon Montfort earle of Leicester himselfe and one Thomas de Peuelston Thus being ordered on the fourtéenth of Maie being Wednesdaie they ioined in fight and at the first incounter the L. Henrie de Hastings the lord Geffrey de Lucie Humfrey de Bohun the yoonger were wounded and the Londoners forthwith were beaten backe for prince Edward so fiercelie assailed them that they were not able to abide the brunt He hated them indeed aboue all other namelie for that of late they had misvsed his mother reuiling hir and throwing durt and stones at hir when she passed the bridge as before ye haue heard which wrong and abuse by them committed was peraduenture on their parts forgotten line 10 but of prince Edward as it séemeth remembred for Puluere qui laedit sed laesus marmore scribit Herevpon prince Edward now to be reuenged of them after they began to flie most egerlie following them chased slue them by heaps But whilest he separated himselfe by such earnest following of the Londoners too farre from the residue of the kings armie he was the onelie cause of the losse of that field for the earle of Leicester perceiuing that the prince with the chiefest force of the kings armie was thus gone after the Londoners of whom he made no line 20 great account he exhorted his people to shew their valiancie at that instant and so comming vpon his aduersaries with great courage in a moment put them to flight There were taken the king of Almaine the lords Iohn de Burgh and Philip Basset with all other the chiefest that were about the king but the king himselfe retired with those few about him that were left into the priorie of Lewes and other there were that withdrew into the castell line 30 The barons pursuing them entered the towne and tooke or slue so manie as they found within the castell and priorie At length prince Edward returned from the chase of the Londoners whom he had pursued for the space of foure miles and finding the field lost began a new battell but the earle of Surrie William de Valence and Guy de Lucignan with Hugh Bigod and others hauing with them thrée hundred armed men streightwaies fled vnto the castell of Pemsie Prince Edward then perceiuing slaughter line 40 to be made on each hand cast about the towne and with his companie got into the priorie to his father In the meane time the barons gaue assault to the castell but they within valiantlie defended themselues with whose hardie dooings prince Edward incouraged gathered his people togither againe and meant eâ—tsoones to giue battell but the subtill head of the earle of Leicester beguiled them all for he caused certeine friers to take in hand to be intreators betwixt them which comming to the king and to the line 50 prince his sonne declared that the barons to auoid that more christian bloud should not be spilt would be contented to haue the matter put in compromise of indifferent persons but if it were so that the king and his sonne would néeds stand to the vttermost triall of battell they would not faile but strike off the heads of the king of Almaine and other prisoners which they would set vpon the ends of their speares in stéed of standards The king and his people hauing the respect of pitie line 60 before their eies changed their purposed intent to fight and falling to a parle which continued for the most part of all the night next following at length it was agreed vpon that the French king with thrée prelats and three other noble men of the temporaltie should choose foorth and name two noble men of France which comming into England should take a third person to them whom they thought good and they thrée should haue the hearing of all controuersies betwixt the king and the barons and what order so euer they tooke therein the same should stand and be receiued for a perfect conclusion and stable decrée This agréement was confirmed and prince Edward and Henrie sonne to the king of Almaine were appointed to remaine as hostages with the barons ¶ Other write otherwise of this battell at Lewes affirming that not onelie the king of Romans but also king Henrie himselfe hauing his owne horsse thrust through on both sides was taken and likewise his sonne prince Edward with other on their side to the number of fiue and twentie barons and bannerets and that moreouer there died on the kings side that day in the battell and chase six thousand and fiue hundred men as Polydor noteth howbeit Richard Southwell saith there died on both parts onlie 3400. But Matth. Westminster writeth that as the report went there died fiue thousand on both sides and amongst other these he nameth as chéefe William de Wilton one of the kings iustices the lord Fouke Fitz Waren a baron that tooke the kings part On the barons side the lord Rafe Heringander a baron also and William Blunt the earles standardbearer Of them that were taken on the kings side beside such as before are recited we find these named Humfrie
le Beau sister to Charles the fift king of France began his reigne as king of England his father yet liuing the 25 daie of Ianuarie after the creation 5293 in the yeare of our lord 1327 year 1327 after the account of them that line 10 begin the yeare at Christmasse 867 after the comming of the Saxons 260 after the conquest the 13 yeare of the reigne of Lewes the fourth then emperour the seuenth of Charles the fift king of France the second of Andronicus Iunior emperour of the east almost ended and about the end of the 22 of Robert le Bruce king of Scotland He was crowned at Westminster on the day of the Purification of our ladie next insuing by the hands of Walter the archbishop of Canturburie line 20 And bicause he was but fourteene yeares of age so that to gouerne of himselfe he was not sufficient it was decréed that twelue of the greatest lords within the realme should haue the rule and gouernment till he came to more perfect yeares The names of which lords were as followeth The archbishop of Canturburie the archbishop of Yorke the bishops of Winchester and of Hereford Henrie earle of Lancaster Thomas Brotherton earle marshall Edmund of Woodstoke earle of Kent Iohn earle of Warren the lord Thomas Wake the lord Henrie Percie the line 30 lord Oliuer de Ingham the lord Iohn Ros. These were sworne of the kings councell and charged with the gouernement as they would make answer But this ordinance continued not long for the quéene and the lord Roger Mortimer tooke the whole rule so into their hands that both the king and his said councellors were gouerned onelie by them in all matters both high and low Neuerthelesse although they had taken the regiment vpon them yet could they not foresee the tumults and vprores that presentlie vpon line 40 the yoong kings inthronizing did insue but needs it must come to passe that is left written where children weare the crowne beare the scepter in hand Vaepueri terrae saepissimè sunt ibi guerrae He confirmed the liberties and franchises of the citie of London and granted that the maior of the same citie for the time being might sit in all places of iudgement within the liberties thereof for cheefe iustice aboue all other the kings person onelie excepted and that euerie alderman that had béene maior line 50 should be iustice of peace through all the citie of London and countie of Middlesex and euerie alderman that had not béene maior should be iustice of peace within his owne ward He granted also to the citizens that they should not be constreined to go foorth of the citie to anie warres in defense of the land and that the franchises of the citie should not be seized from thenceforth into the kings hands for anie cause but onelie for treason and rebellion shewed by the whole citie Also Southwarke was appointed to be vnder the rule of the citie and the maior of London to be bailiffe of Southwarke and to ordeine such a substitute in the same borough as pleased him In the first yeare of this kings reigne we find in records belonging to the abbeie of S. Edmundsburie in Suffolke that the inhabitants of that towne raised a sore commotion against the abbat moonks of the same abbeie and that at seuerall times as first on the wednesdaie next after the feast of the conuersion of S. Paule in the said first yeare of this kings reigne one Robert Foxton Richard Draiton and a great number of other assembling themselues togither in warlike order and araie assaulted the said abbeie brake downe the gates windowes and doores entered the house by force and assailing certeine moonks and seruants that belonged to the abbat did beat wound and euill intreat them brake open a number of chests coffers and forssets tooke out chalices of gold and siluer books vestments and other ornaments of the church beside a great quantitie of rich plate and other furniture of household apparell armour and other things beside fiue hundred pounds in readie coine also three thousand florens of gold All these things they tooke and caried awaie togither with diuerse charters writings miniments as thrée charters of Knute sometime king of England foure charters of king Hardiknute one charter of king Edward the confessor two charters of king Henrie the first other two charters of king Henrie the third which charters concerned as well the foundation of the same abbeie as the grants and confirmations of the possessions and liberties belonging thereto Also they tooke awaie certeine writings obligatorie in the which diuerse persons were bound for the paiement of great summes of monie and deliuerie of certeine wines vnto the hands of the said abbat Moreouer they tooke awaie with them ten seuerall buls concerning certeine exemptions and immunities granted to the abbats and moonks of Burie by sundrie bishops of Rome Furthermore not herewith contented they tooke Peter Clopton prior of the said abbeie and other moonks foorth of the house and leading them vnto a place called the Leaden hall there imprisoned them till the thursdaie next before the feast of the Purification of our ladie and that daie bringing them backe againe into the chapter-house deteined them still as prisoners till they had sealed a writing conteining that the abbat and conuent were bound in ten thousand pounds to be paid to Oliuer Kempe and others by them named And further they were constreined to seale a letter of release for all actions quarels debts transgressions suits and demands which the abbat might in anie wise claime or prosecute against the said Oliuer Kempe and others in the same letters named For these wrongs and other as for that they would not permit the abbats bailiffes and officers to kéepe their ordinarie courts as they were accustomed to doo as well thrée daies in the wéeke for the market to wit mondaie wednesdaie and fridaie as the Portman mote euerie tuesdaie thrée wéeks line 10 and further prohibit them from gathering such tols customes and yearelie rents as were due to the abbat for certeine tenements in the towne which were let to farme the abbat brought his action against the said Foxton Draiton and others and hauing it tried by an inquest on the fridaie next after the feast of saint Lucie the virgine in a sessions holden at Burie by Iohn Stonore Walter Friskney Robert Maberthorpe Iohn Bousser by vertue of the kings writ of oier and determiner to them directed line 20 the offendors were condemned in 40000 pounds so that the said Richard Draiton and others there present in the court were committed to prison in custodie of the shiriffe Robert Walkefare who was commanded also to apprehend the other that were not yet arrested if within his bailiwike they might be found and to haue their bodies before the said iustices at Burie aforsaid on thursdaie in Whitsunwéeke next insuing Beside this there was an other
and taken prisoners with a great number of their noblemen whereas they were in hope to haue gone awaie with the conquest and to haue had renowme line 20 for their reward Of which ouerthrow giuen to both these kings with the clemencie of king Edward in whose hands though their liues laie to be disposed as he list yet he was so far from violating the same that he shewed himselfe a woonderfull fauourer of their estates and in fine not onelie put them to their reasonable ransoms but restored them to their roialties from the which their sinister lot had deposed them Christopher Okland hath left this remembred Plantageneta duos reges iam illustris habebat line 30 Captiuos tenuit comites custodia mitis Multos ambabus claro regionibus ortos Sanguine quos saeuo bello cepere Britanni Attamen Eduardi viguit clementia regis Tanta tanta animo virtus innata sedebat Vt pretio pacto dimitteret aere redemptos In patriam ad propriae consanguinitatis amicos In this foure and thirtith yeare of king Edward men and cattell were destroied in diuerse places of this realme by lightening and tempest also houses line 40 were set on fier and burnt and manie strange and woonderfull sights seene ¶ The same yeare Edward prince of Wales married the countesse of Kent which before was wife vnto the lord Thomas Holland and before that she was also wife vnto the erle of Salisburie and diuorsed from him and wedded to the same lord Holland She was daughter vnto Edmund earle of Kent brother to king Edward the second that was beheaded in the beginning of this kings reigne as before yée haue heard And bicause line 50 the prince and shee were within degrees of consanguinitie forbidden to marrie a dispensation was gotten from the pope to remooue that let In this yeare also was a great death of people namelie of men for women were not so much subiect thereto This was called the second mortalitie bicause it was the second that fell in this kings daies This yeare also by the death of Richard fitz Rafe primat of Ardmach that departed this life in the court of Rome and also of Richard Kilminton deceassed line 60 here in England the discord that had continued for the space of three or foure yeares betwixt them of the cleargie on the one part and the foure orders of friers on the other part was now quieted and brought to end Moreouer this yeare appeared two castels in the aire of the which the one appeared to the southeast and the other in the south-southwest out of which castels about the houre of noone sundrie times were séene hosts of armed men as appeared to mans sight issuing foorth and that host which sailed out of the castell in the southeast seemed white and the other blacke They appeared as they should haue fought either against other and first the white had the vpper hâ—nd and after was ouercome and so vanished out of sight About the same time the souldiors which were discharged in France and out of wages by the breaking vp of the warres assembled togither and did much hurt in that realme as in the French histories yée may read Their cheefe leaders were Englishmen and Gascoignes subiects to the king of England The king assembled the states of his realme in parlement at Westminster in the feast of the Conuersion of S. Paule and there was declared vnto them the tenor and whole effect of the peace concluded betwixt England and France wherewith they were greatlie pleased and herevpon the nobles of the realme and such Frenchmen as were hostages came togither at Westminster church on the first sundaie of Lent next following and there such as were not alreadie sworne receiued the oth for performance of the same peace in a right solemne manner hauing the tenour of their oths written in certeine scrols and after they had taken their oths vpon the sacrament and masse booke they deliuered the same scrols vnto certeine notaries appointed to receiue and register the same The mortalitie yet during that noble duke Henrie of Lancaster departed this life on the éeuen of the Annunciation of our ladie and was buried at Leicester ¶ Iohn of Gant the fourth son to the king who had married his daughter the ladie Blanch as before yee haue heard succéeded him in that dutchie as his heire in right of the said ladie The same yeere also died the lord Reginold Cobham the lord Walter fitz Warren and thrée bishops Worcester London and Elie. This yeare vpon the fiftéenth day of Ianurie there rose such a passing wind year 1362 that the like had not béene heard of in manie yéeres before It began about euensong time in the south and that with such force that it ouerthrew and blew downe strong and mightie buildings as towers steeples houses and chimnies This outragious wind continued thus for the space of six or seauen daies whereby euen those buildings that were not ouerthrowne and broken downe were yet so shaken that they without reparing were not able long to stand After this followed a verie wet season namelie in the summer time and haruest so that much corne and haie was lost and spoiled for want of seasonable weather to gather in the same The lord Lionell the kings sonne went ouer into Ireland to be deputie to his father there and was created duke of Clarence and his brother Edmund was created earle of Cambridge also Edward prince of Wales was by his father king Edward inuested duke of Guien and did homage vnto his father for the same in like manner and forme as his father and other kings of England were accustomed to do for the said dutchie to the kings of France And afterwards about the feast of Candlemasse next insuing the said prince sailed into Gascoigne and arriued at Burdeaux taking vpon him the gouernment and rule of the countrie Moreouer this yeare the fiue first daies of Maie were kept roiall iusts in Smithfield by London the king and queene being present with a great multitude of the nobles and gentlemen of both the realms of England and France at which time came hither Spaniards Cipriots and Armenians requiring aid of the king against the infidels that sore molested their confines ¶ The staple of wols was this yeare remooued to Calis Also the sixtéenth of October a parlement began that was called at Westminster which continued till the feast daie of S. Brice on which daie the king at that time fiftie yeares then past was borne wherevpon as it were in the yeare of his iubile he shewed himselfe more gratious to his people granting pardon to offendors and reuoking outlawes Moreouer it was ordeined in this parlement that no maner of person of what estate or degrée soeuer he was the king the quéene and dukes onelie excepted should haue any purueiers of vittels nor should take vp any
within that if they would not send bread and wine foorth to vittell the host in that behalfe they would burne all their corne for doubt whereof the citizens sent foorth to the host six charets laden with as much bread and wine as they might carie Thus was their corne saued from destruction and the Englishmen by soft and easie iournies drew towards the citie of Trois in the which was the duke of Burgognie with the dukes of Burbon and Bar the earle of Ewe the lord Coucie sir Iohn de Uien high admerall of France and a great number of others of the French nobilitie They had made a bastide without the towne able to receiue a thousand men of armes but vpon the Englishmens approch to assault it they did forsake that strength and withdrew to the towne Sir Thomas Triuet was here made a baronet Also there were certeine new knights made as sir Peter Berton sir Iohn and sir Thomas Paulie or Paulet sir Iohn Stâ—ugulie sir Thomas Dortingues sir Iohn Uassecoque sir Thomas Brasie sir Iohn Brauin sir Henrie Uernier sir Iohn Colenile sir William Euerat sir Nicholas Stiugulie and sir Hugh Lunit The English host perceiuing the Frenchmen to withdraw into the towne drew togither and stood in order of battell for the space of two houres and then returned to their lodgings The next day they remooued to Maillerois le vicount neere vnto Sens and there they remained two daies and after drew into Gastinois and so into Beause They were coasted all the waie by a great power of men of war as many or more in number as they were themselues But the French king being a politike prince wiselie considered what losses the realme of France had susteined afore time by giuing battell to the Englishmen and therefore was fullie resolued that in no wise he would giue licence to his people to fight with the earle of Buckingham but thought better as he had learned by good experience to keepe his townes close against his enimies and so in the end to wearie them than by giuing battell to put things in hazard whereas he knew they could not take from him his countries by this kind of warre though they sore in damaged the same for a time There chanced manie small skirmishes amongst those that rode foorth to discouer the countrie but no notable incounter at all For the Englishmen in those daies were cats not to be catched without mittens as Iacob Meir in one place saith againe the French men were as warie how they aduentured to come néere them peraduenture for feare as in the reigne of king Edward the 3 as C.O. noteth saieng Contra aciem magnam tremebundo corde Valesus In campum adiunctum vicina coeÌ„gerat arua Non tamen Angligâ—nas aduersum est ausus aperto Tendere Marte feris confligere fortiter armis Onelie they sought how to inclose them vp in the countrie and to famish them that they might then fight with them at some great aduantage but still the English host passed forward holding on their voiage towards Britaine by Uandosme Pont Uolaine and so ouer the riuer of Sartre In this meane while the French king Charles the fift was taken with a sore sicknesse whereof he departed this life the same daie that the English armie passed ouer the riuer of Sartre which was on the six and twentith of September his brethren the dukes of Aniou Berrie Burbon and Burgognie were at Paris with him at the houre of his death where as a little before they had béene abroad in the countrie with their line 10 powers to defend the cities and townes of importance against the Englishmen and meant indeed if they could haue espied their aduantage and gotten licence thereto of the king to haue giuen their enimies battell But now they were otherwise occupied howbeit they had left their men abroad in the countrie to coast the Englishmen as they had doone before All the French power was assembled in the citie of Mans vnder the leading of the duke of Bar the lord Coucie and others line 20 In this meane while that the earle of Buckingham was passing through the realme of France the French and Spanish gallies did much mischéefe on the coast of England but about the latter end of Iune by a fléet of Englishmen of the west countries part of them were forced to retire and take harbour in an hauen in Ireland called Kingsale where being assailed of the Englishmen and Irishmen they were vanquished so that to the number of foure hundred of them were slaine and their chéefe capteins taken line 30 as Gonsalue de Uerse and his brother Iohn Martin de Motrigo Turgo lord of Morants also the lord of Reith Péers Martin of Uermew Iohn Modit of Uermew the seneshall of Wargarie the seneshall of S. Andrew Cornelis of S. Sebastiano Paschale de Biskey Iohn Martinis Sopogorge of S. Sebastiano and diuerse other There were taken foure of their barges with a ballenger and one and twentie English vessels recouered which they had robbed and taken awaie from line 40 their owners There scaped yet foure of their notable capteins froÌ„ the hands of our men Martin Grantz Iohn Peris Mantago Iohn Husce Gitario and one Garcias of S. Sebastiano so that the malice of those robbers ceased not For they with the French gallies still lieng on the seas when they espied anie aduantage would land their people and doo what mischeefe they could in taking preies and burning townes and villages although now and then they came short to their vessels againe losing sometimes line 50 an hundred sometimes fourescore that were ouertaken by the Englishmen that came foorth against them But among other inuasions which they made this summer on the coasts we find that they burnt the towne of Winchelsie put the abbat of Battell to flight with his people comming to succor that towne and tooke one of his moonks that was there in armor with the abbat ¶ Some write also that they burnt Rie Hastings and Portsmouth Finallie their boldnesse so farre increased that in August they entring line 60 with their gallies into the riuer of Thames came vp to Grauesend where they burnt the most part of the towne and on the other side of the riuer as well in Essex as Kent they burnt and spoiled diuerse places and with their prisoners and booties returned without receiuing anie hurt bringing with them to France both rich spoiles and good prisoners But to returne to the earle of Buckingham where we left The English armie drew still towards Britaine but with so small doubt of their aduersaries that they laie three or foure daies sometimes still in one place At their approching to the marches of Britaine they came to Uitrie a towne situate at the first entring into that countrie and from thence went to Chateau Briant and there rested whither came to them certeine knights
so bestowed his goods and substance that he hath well deserued to be registred in chronicles First he erected one house or church in London to be a house of praier and named the same after his owne name Whitington college remaining at this daie In the said church besides certeine preests and clearks he placed line 60 a number of poore aged men and women builded for them houses and lodgings and allowed them wood coles cloth and wéekelie monie to their great reléefe and comfort This man also at his owne cost builded the gate of London called Newgate in the yéere of our Lord 1422 which before was a most ouglie and lothsome prison He also builded more than the halfe of S. Bartholomews hospitall in west Smithfield He builded likewise the beautifull librarie in the graie friers in London now called Christs hospitall standing in the north part of the cloister thereof where in the wall his armes be grauen in stone He also builded for the ease of the maior of London his brethren and the worshipfull citizens on the solemne daies of their assemblie a chapell adioining to the Guildhall to the intent that before they entered into anie of their worldlie affaires they should begin with praier and inuocation to God for his assistance at the end ioining to the south part of the said chapell he builded for the citie a librarie of stone for the custodie of their records and other bookes He also builded a great part of the east end of Giuldhall and did manie other good déeds worthie of imitation By a writing of this mans owne hand which he willed to be fixed as a schedule to his last will and testament it appeareth what a pitifull and relenting heart he had at other mens miseries and did not onelie wish but also did what he could procure for their releefe In so much that he charged and commanded his executors as they would answer before God at the daie of the resurrection of all flesh that if they found anie debtor of his whome if in conscience they thought not to be well worth three times as much as they owght him and also out of other mens debt and well able to paie that then they should neuer demand it for he clearlie forgaue it and that they should put no man in sute for anie debt due to him A worthie memoriall of a notable minded gentleman Yée haue heard how the duke of Clarence and his armie did much hurt in the realme of France in places as he passed wherevpon at length the duke of Orleance being earnestlie called vpon to dispatch the Englishmen out of France according to an article comprised in the conclusion of the peace he came to the duke of Clarence rendering to him and his armie a thousand gramersies and disbursed to them as much monie as he or his fréends might easilie spare and for the rest being two hundred and nine thousand frankes remaining vnpaid he deliuered in gage his second brother Iohn duke of Angolesme which was grandfather to king Francis the first that reigned in our daies sir Marcell de Burges and sir Iohn de Samoures sir Archembald Uiliers and diuerse other which earle continued long in England as after shall appeare When this agreement was thus made betwixt the dukes of Orleance and Clarence the English armie with rich preies booties and prisoners came to Burdeaux making warre on the frontiers of France to their great gaine In this meane while the lord of Helie one of the marshals of France with an armie of foure thousand men besieged a certeine fortresse in Guien which an English knight one sir Iohn Blunt kept who with thrée hundred men that came to his aid discomfited chased and ouerthrew the French power tooke prisoners twelue men of name and other gentlemen to the number of six score and amongst other the said marshall who was sent ouer into England and put in the castell of Wissebet from whence he escaped and got ouer into France where seruing the duke of Orleance at the battell of Agincort he was slaine among other In this fourtéenth and last yeare of king Henries reigne a councell was holden in the white friers in London at the which among other things order was taken for ships and gallies to be builded and made readie and all other things necessarie to be prouided for a voiage which he meant to make into the holie land there to recouer the citie of Ierusalem from the Infidels For it gréeued him to consider the great malice of christian princes that were bent vpon a mischéefous purpose to destroie one another to the perill of their owne soules rather than to make war against the enimies of the christian faith as in conscience it séemed to him they were bound He held his Christmas this yeare at Eltham being sore vexed with sicknesse so that it was thought sometime that he had beene dead notwithstanding it pleased God that he somwhat recouered his strength againe and so passed that Christmasse with as much ioy as he might The morrow after Candlemas daie began a parlement which he had called at London but he departed this life before the same parlement was ended for now that his prouisions were readie and that he was furnished with sufficient treasure soldiers capteins vittels munitions tall ships strong gallies line 10 and all things necessarie for such a roiall iournie as he pretended to take into the holie land he was eftsoones taken with a sore sicknesse which was not a leprosie striken by the hand of God saith maister Hall as foolish friers imagined but a verie apoplexie of the which he languished till his appointed houre and had none other gréefe nor maladie so that what man ordeineth God altereth at his good will and pleasure not giuing place more to the prince than to the poorest creature liuing when he séeth his time to dispose line 20 of him this waie or that as to his omnipotent power and diuine prouidence seemeth expedient During this his last sicknesse he caused his crowne as some write to be set on a pillow at his beds head and suddenlie his pangs so sore troubled him that he laie as though all his vitall spirits had beene from him departed Such as were about him thinking verelie that he had béene departed couered his face with a linnen cloth The prince his sonne being hereof aduertised entered line 30 into the chamber tooke awaie the crowne and departed The father being suddenlie reuiued out of that trance quicklie perceiued the lacke of his crowne and hauing knowledge that the prince his sonne had taken it awaie caused him to come before his presence requiring of him what he meant so to misuse himselfe The prince with a good audacitie answered Sir to mine and all mens iudgements you seemed dead in this world wherefore I as your next heire apparant tooke that as mine owne and
none Wherfore my right doubted lord sith there is great good behouefull at this time for the weale and safegard of your realmes the pouertie necessitie indigence of your liege people in highnesse vnderstand like it vnto your noble grace to consider the said lucre of the said cardinall and the great deceipts that you be receiued in by the labour of him of the archbishop aswell in this your realme as in your realme of France and duchie of Normandie where neither office liuelode nor capteine may be had without too great good giuen vnto him wherby a great part of all the losse that is lost they haue béene the causers of for who that would giue most his was the price not considering the merits seruice nor sufficiance of persons Furthermore it is greatlie to be considered how when the said cardinall had forfeited all his goods bicause of prouision as the statute therevpon more plainelie declareth by hauing the rule of you my right doubted lord purchased himselfe in great defraudation of your highnesse a charter of pardon the which good and it had be well gouerned might manie yeares haue susteined your warres without anie tallage of your poore people 23 Item my redoubted lord whereas I write much thing for the weale of you and of your realms peraduenture some will saie and vnderstand that I would or haue written by waie of accusement of all your councell which God knoweth I doo not for your highnesse may well sée that I name them that be causers of the said inordinate rule Wherfore considering that the said cardinall and archbishop of Yorke beene they that pretend the gouernance of you and of your realmes and lordships please it vnto your highnesse of your rightwisenesse to estrange them of your councell to that intent that men may be at their freedome to say what they thinke of truth 24 For truth I dare speake of my truth the poore dare not doo so And if the cardinall and the archbishop of Yorke may afterward declare themselues of that is and shal be said of them you my right doubted lord may then restore them againe to your councell at your noble pleasure When the king had heard the accusations thus laid by the duke of Glocester against the cardinall he committed the examination thereof to his councell whereof the more part were spirituall persons so that what for feare and what for fauour the matter was winked at and nothing said to it onelie faire countenance was made to the duke as though no malice had béene conceiued agaiâ—st him But venem will breake out inward grudge will soone appeare which was this yeare to all men apparant for diuers secret attempts were aduanced forward this season against this noble man Humfreiâ— duke of Glocester a far off which in conclusion came so néere that they beereft him both of life and land as shall hereafter more plainelie appéere For first this yeare dame Eleanor Cobham wife to the said duke was accused of treason for that she by sorcerie and inchantment intended to destroie the king to the intent to aduance hir husband vnto the crowne Upon this 〈…〉 examined in saint Stephans chappell before the bishop of Canturburie and there bâ— examination 〈…〉 open penance in thrée open placâ—â— within the citie of London Polychronicoâ— saith she was iâ—ioâ—ied to go through â—â—eapside 〈◊〉 taper in hir hand and after that adiudged to perpetuall imprisonâ—â—nt in the I le of Man vnder the kâ—â—ping of sir Iohn Stanlie knight At the same season â—ere arrested â—â—â—eigned and adiudged giltie as aiders to thâ— duchesse Thomas line 10 Southwell priest 〈◊〉 canon of S. Stephans at Westminster Iohn Hun priest Roger Bolingbrooke a cunning necromancer as it was said and Margerie Iordeine surnamed the witâ—h of Eie The matter laid against them was â—or that they at the request of the said duchesse had deuised an image of war representing the king which by their sorcerie by little and little consumed intending thereby in conclusion to waste and destroie the kâ—ngs person Margerie Iordeine was burnt in Smitâ—field and line 20 Roger Bolingbrooke was drawne to Taborne and hanged and quartered taking vpon his death that there was neuer anie such thing by them imagined Iohn Hun had his pardon and Southwest died in the Tower the night before his execution for saith Polychr he did prophesie of himselfe that he should die in his bed and not by iustice The duke of Glocester bare all these things patientlie 〈◊〉 said little Edward sonne to the duke of Yorke was borne this yeare the nine and twentith of Aprill at Rone his father line 30 being the kings lieutenant in Normandie ¶ In this yeare was a great fraie in Fléetstréet in the night time betwéene gentlemen of courts and inhabitants of London insomuch that much bloud was spilt diuerse slaine outright and some mortallie wounded besides great harme otherwise doone and suffered ¶ Upon the daie of the translation of saint Edward or the twelfth of October vpon which daie the maior and his brethren for the yeare following and line 40 daie when the commoners of the citie after their ancient custome had chosen two aldermen such as before had béene shiriffes of London and of Middlesex namelie Robert Clopton draper and Rafe Holland tailoâ— and them presented by name vnto the maior and his brethren then sitting in the vtter chamber where the maiors courts be kept to the intent that the said maior and his brethren might choose one of the said two such as they thought most necessarie and worshipfull for the roome the said maior and his brethren choosing Robert Clopton brought him after line 50 downe vpon his right hand towards the hall Whereof when certeine tailors there present were aware and saw that Rafe Holland was not chosen anon they cried Nay nay not this but Rafe Holland Wherewith the old maior being astonished stood still vpon the staire and commanded them to keepe silence and so held on his waie to the east end of the hall where he sat him downe and his brethren about him In the meane time the said tailors continued line 60 their crie and incensed others of base traâ—es of the citie as simple persons to take their part and to crie as fast as they not proffering to cease their misrule for all that the maior could saie no nor yet when the maiors sergeant at armes had cried Oâ—yes Herevpon the maior to appease the rumor sent downe the shiriffes and commanded them to take the offendors and send them to the goale which precept was fulfilled about twelue or sixteene of the principall committed to Newgate where some of them abode a long time imprisoned and others that were fined set at libertie This is reported by Polychronicon but in somewhat a differing maner The councell of England forgat not the late enterprise of the 〈◊〉 king atchiued in the duchie of of Guien and the refore doubting
his businesse about the kéeping of the crowne on his head tooke no better successe except peraduenture ye will saie that it gréeued him for that such slaughters and mischéeues as had chanced within this land came to passe onelie through his follie and default in gouernment or that more is for his fathers his grandfathers and his owne vniust vsurping and deteining line 40 of the crowne But howsoeuer it was for these before remembred and other the like properties of reputed holinesse which was said to rest in him it pleased God to worke miracles for him in his life time as men haue listed to report By reason whereof king Henrie the seauenth sued to Pope Iulio the second to haue him canonized a saint But for that the canonizing of a king séemed to be more costlie than for a bishop the said king left off his sute in that behalfe thinking better to saue his monie than to purchase a new holie daie of line 50 saint Henrie with so great a price remitting to God the iudgement of his will and intent ¶ But bicause princes princelie qualified can not be too highlie praised I will here record a collection of his commendable conditions dooings and saiengs as I find them set downe to my hand to his perpetuall renowme and right worthie of imitation not onelie of such as are singled out from among infinite thousands to be magnified with roialtie but also of priuat line 60 and meane men that conuerse and liue one with an other in the world This king hauing inioied as great prosperitie as fauourable fortune could afoord as great troubles on the other side as she frowning could powre out yet in both the states he was patient and vertuous that he maie be a patterne of most perfect vertue as he was a worthie example of fortunes inconstancie He was plaine vpright farre from fraud wholie giuen to praier reading of scriptures and almes-deeds of such integritie of life that the bishop which had béene his confessour ten yeares auouched that he had not all that time committed anie mortall crime so continent as suspicion of vnchast life neuer touched him and hauing in Christmasse a shew of yoong women with their bare breasts laid out presented before him he immediatlie departed with these words Fie fie for shame forsooth you be too blame Before his marriage he liked not that women should enter his chamber and for this respect he committed his two brethren by the moothers side Iasper and Edmund to most honest vertuous prelats to be brought vp So farre he was from couetousnesse that when the executors of his vncle the bishop of Winchester surnamed the rich cardinall would haue giuen him two thousand pounds he plainelie refused it willing them to discharge the will of the departed and would scarselie condescend at length to accept the same summe of monie toward the indowing of his colleges in Cambridge Eaton He was religiouslie affected as the time then was that at principall holidaies he would weare sackecloth next his skin Oth he vsed none but in most earnest matters these words Forsooth and forsooth He was so pitifull that when he saw the quarter of a traitor against his crowne ouer Criplegate he willed it to be taken awaie with these words I will not haue anie christian so cruellie handled for my sake Manie great offenses he willinglie pardoned and receiuing at a time a great blow by a wicked man which compassed his death he onelie said Forsooth forsooth yée doo fowlie to smite a king annointed so An other also which thrust him into the side with a sword when he was prisoner in the Tower was by him pardoned when he was restored to his state and kingdome Not long before his death being demanded whie he had so long held the crowne of England vniustlie he replied My father was king of England quietlie inioieng the crowne all his reigne and his father my grandsire was also king of England and I euen a child in my cradell was proclamed and crowned king without anie interruption and so held it fortie yeares well-neere all the states dooing homage vnto me as to my antecessors wherefore I maie saie with king Dauid The lot is fallen vnto me in a faire ground yea I haue a goodlie heritage my helpe is from the Lord which saueth the vpright in heart This good king being of himselfe alwaies naturallie inclined to doo good and fearing least he might séeme vnthankefull to almightie God for his great benefits bestowed vpon him since the time he first tooke vpon him the regiment of his realme determined about the six and twentith yeare of his reigne for his primer notable worke as by the words of his will I find expressed to erect and found two famous colledges in the honor and worship of his holy name and for the increase of vertue the dilatation of cunning and establishment of christian faith whereof the one in Cambridge to be called his colledge roiall of our ladie and saint Nicholas and the other at Gaton beside Windsore to be called his colledge of our blessed ladie And for the performance of this his deuout purpose he infeoffed certeine bishops with other noble and worshipfull personages by his letters patents with lands and possessions parcell of his inheritance of the duchie of Lancaster to the cleare value of well néere foure thirtie hundred pounds by yéere Which letters patents he after confirmed by his act of parlement declaring also by his will vnto his said feoffées his intent and meaning how the same shuld be imploied vpon the edifications of his said two colledges Whereof in my iudgement the deuise is so excellent and the buildings so princelie and apt for that purpose as I cannot omit to set foorth vnto you the verie plot of the whole colledge in Cambridge euen as I find mentioned almost verbatim in his will supposing that if the rest of the house had procéeded according to the chappell alreadie finished as his full intent and meaning was the like colledge could scant haue béene found againe in anie christian land The words of the will are thus As touching the dimensions of the church of my said colledge of our ladie and S. Nicholas of Cambridge I haue deuised and appointed that the same church shall conteine in length 288 foot of assise without line 10 anie Iles and all of the widenesse of fortie foot And the length of the same church from the west end vnto the altars at the quiere doore shall conteine an hundred and twentie foot And from the prouosts stall vnto the gréece called Gradus chori ninetie foot for thirtie six stalles on either side of the same quiere answering to threescore and ten fellowes and ten priests conducts which must be De prima forma And from the said stalles vnto the east end of the said church threescore two foot of assise Also a reredosse bearing the line 20 roodloft departing the quiere
Richard king Richard that it might haue béene after said that he was speciallie chosen by God and in maner by miracle But this deuise quailed either by the protectors negligence or the preachers ouermuch diligence For while the protector found by the waie tarieng least he should preuent those words and the doctor fearing that he should come yer his sermon could come to these words hasted his matter thereto he was come to them and past them and entred into other matters yer the protector came Whome when he beheld comming he suddenlie left the matter with line 10 which he was in hand and without anie deduction therevnto out of all order and out of all frame began to repeat those words againe This is the verie noble prince the speciall patrone of knightlie prowesse which as well in all princelie behauior as in the lineaments fauor of his visage representeth the verie face of the noble duke of Yorke his father this is the fathers owne figure this is his owne countenance the verie print of his visage the sure vndoubted image the plaine expresse likenesse of the noble duke line 20 whose remembrance can neuer die while he liueth While these words were in speaking the protector accompanied with the duke of Buckingham went through the people into the place where the doctors commonlie stand in the vpper storie where he stood to hearken the sermon But the people were so farre fro crieng K. Richard that they stood as they had béene turned into stones for woonder of this shamefull sermon After which once ended the preacher gat him home and neuer after durst looke out for shame but line 30 kept him out of sight like an owle And when he once asked one that had béene his old friend what the people talked of him all were it that his owne conscience well shewed him that they talked no good yet when the tother answered him that there was in euerie mans mouth spoken of him much shame it so strake him to the heart that within few daies after he withered and consumed awaie for verie thought and inward pine procured by irrecouerable cares whose nature is noted by obseruation of their effects line 40 Attenuant vigiles corpus miserabile curae Then on the tuesdaie following this sermon there came to the Guildhall in London the duke of Buckingham accompanied with diuerse lords and knights mo than happilie knew the message that they brought And there in the east end of the hall where the maior kéepeth the Hustings the maior and all the aldermen being assembled about him all the commons of the citie gathered before them After silence commanded vpon great paine in the protectors line 50 name the duke stood vp and as he was neither vnlearned and of nature maruelouslie well spoken he said vnto the people with a cleare and lowd voice in this maner of wise The duke of Buckinghams oration to the assemblie of the maior aldermen and commoners FRiends for the zeale and heartie line 60 fauour that we beare you we be comen to breake vnto you of a matter right great and weightie and no lesse weightie than pleasing to God and profitable to all the realme nor to no part of the realme more profitable than to you the citizens of this noble citie For whie that thing that we wote well ye haue long time lacked and sore longed for that yee would haue giuen great good for that yee would haue gone farre to fetch that thing we be come hither to bring you without your labour paine cost aduenture or ieopardie What thing is that Certes the suertie of your owne bodies the quiet of your wiues and your daughters the safegard of your goods of all which things in times past ye stood euermore in doubt For who was there of you all that would reckon himselfe lord of his own goods among so manie grens traps as was set therefore among so much pilling and polling among so manie taxes and tallages of which there was neuer end oftentimes no need Or if anie were it rather grew of riot and vnreasonable wast than anie necessarie or honourable charge So that there was dailie pilled fro good men and honest great substance of goods to be lashed out among vnthrifts so far forth that fifteenes sufficed not nor anie vsuall names of knowne taxes but vnder an easie name of beneuolence and good will the commissioners so much of euerie man tooke as no man could with his good will haue giuen As though that name of beneuolence had signified that euerie man should paie not what himselfe of his owne good will list to grant but what the king of his good will list to take Which neuer asked little but euerie thing was hawsed aboue the measure amercements turned into fines fines into ransoms small trespasses into misprison misprison into treason Whereof I thinke no man looketh that we should remember you of examples by name as though Burdet were forgotten that was for a word spoken in hast cruellie beheaded by the misconstruing of the laws of this realme for the princes pleasure With no lesse honour to Markam then cheefe iustice that left the benefit dignitie of his office rather than he would assent to the dishonestie of those that either for feare or flatterie gaue that iudgement What Cooke your owne worshipfull neighbour alderman and maior of this noble citie who is of you so either negligent that he knoweth not or so forgetfull that he remembreth not or so hard hearted that he pittieth not that worshipfull mans losse What speake we of losse His vtter spoile and vndeserued destruction onelie for that it hapned those to fauour him whome the prince fauoured not We need not I suppose to rehearse of these anie mo by name sith there be I doubt not manie heere present that either in themselues or in their nigh friends haue knowne as well their goods as their persons greatlie indangered either by feigned quarels or small matters aggreeued with heinous names And also there was no crime so great of which there could lacke a pretext For sith the king preuenting the time of this inheritance atteined the crowne by battell it sufficed in a rich man for a pretext of treason to haue beene of kinred or aliance neer familiaritie or legier acquaintance with anie of those that were at anie time the kings enimies which was at one time and other more than halfe the relme Thus were neither your goods in suertie and yet they brought your bodies in ieopardie beside the common aduenture of open warre which albeit that it is euer the will and occasion of much mischeefe yet is it neuer so mischeeuous as where any people fall at distance among themselues nor in none earthlie nation so deadlie and so line 10 pestilent as when it hapneth among vs and among vs neuer so long continued dissention nor so manie batels in that season nor so cruell
Calis about the middle of Maie The lord Herbert called sir Charles Summerset line 50 lord chamberleine to the king in the end of the same moneth followed the said earle of Shrewesburie with six thousand men in whose companie were the erls of Northumberland Percie of Kent Greie of Wilshire Stafford the lord Dudleie the lord Delaware and his sonne sir Thomas West sir Edward Husseie sir Edward Dimmocke sir Dauid Owen with manie other knights esquiers and gentlemen After they had soiourned certeine daies in Calis and that all their necessaries were readie they issued foorth of the towne so to begin their line 60 campe And first the earle of Shrewesburie and his companie tooke the field and after him the lord Herbert with his retinues in manner of a rere-ward Then followed that valiant knight sir Rice ap Thomas with fiue hundred light horssemen and archers on horssebacke who ioined himselfe to the fore-ward a gentleman of such spirit and hardinesse that he is named the floure of the Welshmen as the poet saith Ricius Thomas flos Cambrobritannûm These two lords thus imbattelled did remooue the seuentéenth of Iune to Sandifield on the eightéenth they came to Marguison on the further side of the water as though they would haue passed streightwaies to Bullongne But they meaning an other thing the next daie tooke an other waie and so coasted the countrie with such diligence that the two and twentith of Iune they came before the strong citie of Terrouan and pight their tents a mile from the towne The same night as certeine capteins were in councell within the lord Herberts tent the baron Carew was slaine with a bullet shot out of the towne which sudden aduenture much dismaied the assemblie but the lord Herbert comforted them with manlie words and so his death was passed ouer All the countrie of Artois and Picardie fortified their holds and made shewes as the English armie passed but they durst not once assaile them The citie of Terrouan was stronglie fortified with walles rampiers bulworks and large ditches The lord Pontremie was gouernour within it hauing with him six hundred horssemen and 2500 Almans besides the inhabitants The walles towers were full of ordinance which oftentimes did much displeasure to the Englishmen The earle of Shrewesburie planted his siege on the northwest side of the towne and the lord Herbert on the east side causing great trenches to be made to couer his people withall for on that side there was no hill to succour or defend him The Frenchmen and Almans would diuerse times issue out but the archers were euer readie to beat them into the citie againe The earle of Shrewesburie got into an hollow ground or vallie néere to the citie and likewise the lord Herbert by reason of his trenches approched likewise verie néere to the ditches The seuen and twentith daie of Iune being mondaie sir Nicholas Uaux and sir Edward Belknap hauing with them foure hundred and thrée score men set from Guisnes to conduct foure and twentie carts laden with vittels towards the siege at Terrouan but the duke of Uandosme lieutenant of Picardie with eight hundred horssemen set on them as they passed through Ard and found them so out of order that notwithstanding all that the English capteins could doo to bring men into arraie it would not be for the Frenchmen set on so readilie that they kept the Englishmen in sunder Yet the horssemen of Guisnes being not past foure and twentie in all tooke their speares and ioined with the Frenchmen right manfullie and likewise thrée score archers shot freshlie at their enimies but the Frenchmen were so manie in number that they obteined the place slue eight gentlemen and diuerse archers Sir Nicholas Uaux and sir Edward Belknap fled toward Guisnes Thus were the vittels lost and yet the Frenchmen went not awaie with cleere hands for those few archers that closed togither shot so egerlie that they slue and hurt diuerse Frenchmen and on the field laie foure score and seuen great horsses which died there in the place and neuer went further On the fiftéenth day of Iune the K. departed from Gréenewich taking his iourneie towards Douer whither he came by easie iournies and the quéene in his companie After he had rested a season in the castell of Douer and taken order for the rule of the realme in his absence he tooke leaue of the queene and entring his ship the last daie of Iune being the daie of saint Paule he sailed ouer to Calis where he was receiued with great ioy by the deputie sir Gilbert Talbot and all other there At his entring into Calis all the banished men entred with him and were restored to the libertie of the towne The king laie in Calis a certeine time till all his prouisions were readie but the armie laie in campe at Newnham bridge On the one and twentith of Iulie the kings maiestie passed foorth of Calis and tooke the field diuiding the armie which he had there with him into three battels The lord Lisle marshall of the host was capteine of the fore-ward and vnder him thrée thousand men sir Richard Carew with three hundred kept on the right side of the same fore-ward as a wing thereto and the lord Darcie with other three hundred men was a wing on the left hand The fore-riders of this battell were the Northumberland men on light geldings The earle of Essex was lieutenant generall of the speares and sir Iohn Pechie was vicegouernour line 10 of all the horssemen and sir Iohn Burdet standard-bearer to the kings spears An eight hundred Almans went on a plumpe by themselues before the kings battell and the duke of Buckingham with six hundred men was on the kings left hand equall with the Almans in like maner as sir Edward Poinings was on the right hand with other six hundred men equall with the Almans In the kings battell where was the standard of the armes of England borne by sir Henrie Guilford line 20 there were thrée thousand the lord of Aburgauenie with eight hundred men was wing on the right hand and sir William Compton with the retinue of the bishop of Winchester and of maister Woolseie the kings almoner being in number eight hundred was in manner of a rere-gard Sir Anthonie Oughtred and sir Iohn Neuill with the kings speares that followed were foure hundred and so the whole armie conteined eleuen thousand and three hundred men The number of the cariages were thirtéene hundred line 30 and the number of them that attended the same were ninetéene hundred men and all these were reckoned in the battell but of good fighting men souldiers appointed for the purpose there were not full nine thousand In this order the king with his armie marched forward through the confines of his enimies to the siege of Terrouan entring into the French ground the fiue and twentith of Iulie being mondaie On the morrow after
if you haue no quicke rescue you cannot continue against yonder puissance although your courages were neuer so great this the wisest of the citie and I haue considered Then suddenlie was there in the councell a vauntparler a botcher which hearing this called a great number of his affinitie and went out of the councell and so out of the gates and set fire of the suburbs on all sides When the councell saw the minds of the commons and that their waies might not be followed they comforted the people and mainteined them for their defense After this the king approched the citie with his whole armie and they of the citie issued foorth to proffer the skirmish but the archers beat them backe Also the carriage men that came with the herbingers saw where certeine wagons were entring the citie vnto the which they ran and tooke some of them At this skirmish the horsse of the lord Iohn Graie was slaine vnder him as he came to defend the carriage men but he himselfe had no hurt The king with his battell planted his siege on the north side the citie The earle of Shrewsburie with the foreward lodged toward the south side of the riuer and there laie that night The lord Herbert with the rereward incamped himselfe on the west side and beat the wals and towers of the citie with the great ordinance The next daie after their comming thither being the thrée and twentith of September the earle of Shrewesburie with the fore-ward passed the riuer planted his siege on the southside of the citie stretching to the east end and bent his ordinance against the walles And thus was the citie of Tornaie besieged on all parts On the fiue and twentith daie of September the king receiued letters from the earle of Surrie with the Scotish kings gantlet whereby he was certified of the slaughter of the said king and how all things had béene handled at the battell of Floddon whereof héereafter yee shall find further mention The king thanked God of the newes and highlie commended the prowesse of the earle and other the capteins howbeit he had a secret letter that Chesshiremen and other fled from sir Edmund Howard in the battell which letter caused great hartburning line 10 and manie words but the king tooke all things in good part and would that no man should be dispraised On the six and twentith daie fiers were made in the hoast in token of that victorie against the Scots and on the seauen and twentith daie being tuesdaie masse was soong by them of the kings chappell with Te Deum and the bishop of Rochester made a sermon declaring the death of the king of Scots and lamenting his euill hap and periurie But now to our purpose of the siege of Tornaie line 20 ¶ The king of England lieng afront before Tornaie caused his great ordinance to be planted round about the citie and diuerse trenches were cast and rampiers made and the lord Lisle and the lord Willoughbie were appointed to mainteine the ordinance with their bands and the earle of Kent was lodged before the gate called port Ualencien so that the citizens could not issue out nor no aid could come in The ordinance dailie beat the gates towers wals which made a great batterie and a few Englishmen line 30 assaulted the port coquerell but they were too few in number and if they had béene more in number they had taken the towne as the Tornasins confessed after The citizens of Tornaie considering their estate came togither to councell and there the prouost said in effect as followeth Friends and bretheren of this noble citie I cannot too much praise your truth and fidelitie to your souereigne lord the king of France considering how manfully you haue defended this citie since the beginning of this siege line 40 But alas although it be written on the gates grauen in stone Iammes ton ne a perdeu ton pucellage that is to saie Thou hast neuer lost thy maidenhed yet if this citie had not béene well furnished and euer at the daie appointed sure of rescue it could not haue continued Now you see that rescue faileth our gates be rased our towers beaten downe our chiefe tower like to fall so that if this perilous siege continue or else if our enimies assault vs we be not able to defend vs wherefore now all these things considered I would know whether you will treat with the king line 50 of England or abide the chance Then they which at the last councell cried War war now cried Peace peace yet all were not agreed Then one wise man said Sirs if the towne be assaulted once againe with a great number suerlie it will be taken you saw the experience at the last assault and then consider if it be taken by force who is there that can saie he is sure of his life but by intreatie the king of England is so mercifull that we may fortune to saue both life and goods Then finallie all agréed to treat line 60 Then the prouost sent to the king a trumpet desiring a safe conduct for him certeine other to come and to speake with him which request was to him granted Then the prouost of the citie accompanied with eleuen with him of the best of the citie came to the armie spake with the lords of the councell and after were led to the kings presence The prouost knéeled downe and all his companie and said Right high and mightie prince although the citie of Tornaie is strong well walled well replenished with people vittels artillerie yea and the people in feare and dread of nothing yet we know that against your great puissance it can not continue long although it were ten times as strong as it is Wherefore we knowing by report your honor your wisedome your iustice noble hart are content to become your subiects vassals so that we may haue and inioy our old lawes customes liberties and franchises vnder you as we haue before this doone vnder other princes Then said the king We haue well heard your petition we will common with our councell make you answer And when he had communed with his councell he answered saieng Sirs he that asketh mercie of vs shall not be denied and séeing you come to treat we remit you to our councell Then they went into the tent of councell there the Tornasins fell at a point and in conclusion they yéelded the citie and ten thousand pounds sterling for the redemption of their liberties and so departed to the citie making relation of the king and his noble courage On thursdaie the nine and twentith daie of September the king was in his rich tent of cloth of gold vnder his cloth of estate to whome came the citizens of the citie and were sworne to him and became his subiects Then the king appointed the lord Lisle the lord Aburgauenie the lord Willoughbie to take possession which
the first chariot were two ladies which were the old dutchesse of Norffolke and the old marchionesse Dorset In the second chariot were foure ladies all in crimsin veluet Then rode seauen ladies in the same sute their horsses trappers and all Then came the third chariot all white with six ladies in crimsin veluet next after them came the fourth chariot all red with eight ladies also in crimsin veluet after whom followed thirtie gentlewomen all in veluet and silke in the liuerie of their ladies on whom they gaue their attendance After them followed the gard in cotes of goldsmiths worke line 10 Thus they rode foorth till they came to Fanchurch where was made a pageant all with children apparelled like merchants which welcommed hir to the citie with two proper propositions both in French and English And from thence she rode to Gratious church corner where was a costlie and a maruelous cunning pageant made by the merchants of the Stilliard for there was the mount Parnassus with the founteine of Helicon which was of white marble and foure streames without pipe did rise an line 20 ell high and met togither in a little cup aboue the founteine which founteine ran abundantlie racked Rhenish wine till night On the mounteine sat Apollo and at his feet sat Calliope and on euerie side of the mounteine sat foure muses plaieng on seuerall sweet instruments and at their féet epigrams and poeses were written in golden letters in the which euerie muse according to hir propertie praised the quéene The quéene from thence passed to Leaden hall line 30 where was a goodlie pageant with a type and a heauenlie roofe and vnder the type was a roote of gold set on a little mounteine inuironed with red roses and white out of the type came downe a falcon all white sat vpon the roote and incontinent came downe an angell with great melodie and set a close crowne of gold on the falcons head And in the same pageant sat saint Anne with all hir issue beneath hir and vnder Marie Cleoph sat hir foure children of the which children one made a goodlie oration to the queene of the fruitfulnes of saint Anne and of hir line 40 generation trusting that like fruit should come of hir Then she passed to the conduit in Cornhill where were thrée graces set in a throne afore whom was the spring of grace continuallie running wine Afore the founteine sat a poet declaring the properties of euerie grace and that doone euerie ladie by hir selfe according to hir propertie gaue to the quéene a seuerall gift of grace That doone she passed by the great conduit in chéepe which was newlie painted with armes of deuises line 50 out of the which conduit by a goodlie founteine set at the one end ran continuallie wine both white and claret all that afternoone and so she rode to the Standard which was richlie painted with images of kings and quéenes and hanged with banners of armes and in the top was maruellous swéet harmonie both of song and instrument Then she went forward to the crosse which was newlie guilt till she came where the aldermen stood and then master Baker the recorder came to hir with low reuerence making line 60 a proper and briefe proposition and gaue to hir in the name of the citie a thousand marks in a purse of gold which she thankefullie accepted with manie goodlie words and so rode to the little conduit where was a rich pageant full of melodie and song In this pageant was Pallas Iuno and Uenus and before them stood Mercurie which in the name of the thrée goddesses gaue to hir a ball of gold diuided in thrée signifieng thrée gifts which the thrée goddesses gaue to hir that is to saie wisedome riches and felicitie As she entered into Paules gate there was a pretie pageant in which sat thrée ladies richlie clothed and in a circle on their head was written Regina Anna prosperè procede regna Tâ—e ladie in the middes had a tablet in the which was written Veniamica coronaberis and vnder the tablet sat an angell with a close crowne and the ladie sitting on the right hand had a tablet of siluer in which was written Dominé dirige gressius meos the third ladie had a tablet of gold with letters azure written Confido in Domino vnder their féet was written in legible letters Regina Anna nouum regis de sanguine natum Cùm paries populis aurea seclatuis And these ladies cast downe wafers on the which the two verses were written From thence she passed to the east end of Paules churchyard against the schoole where stood on a scaffold two hundred children well apparelled which said to hir diuerse goodlie verses of poets translated into English to the honour of the king and hir which she highlie commended And when she came to Ludgate the gate was newlie garnished with gold bise And on the leads of saint Martins church stood a goodlie queere of singing men and children which soong new balads made in praise of hir After that she was passed Ludgate she procéeded toward Fléetstréet where the conduit was newlie painted and all the armes and angels refreshed the chime melodiouslie sounding Upon the conduit was made a towre with foure turrets and in euerie turret stood one of the cardinall vertues with their tokens and properties which had seuerall spéeches promising the queene neuer to leaue hir but to be aiding and comforting hir and in the middest of the towre closelie was such seuerall solemne instruments that it séemed to be an heauenlie noise and was much regarded and praised and beside this the said conduit ran wine claret and red all the afternoone So she with all hir companie and the maior rode foorth to Temple barre which was newlie painted and repared where stood also diuerse singing men and children till she came to Westminster hall which was richlie hanged with cloth of arras and new glased And in the middest of the hall she was taken out of hir litter so led vp to the higher deske vnder the cloth of estate on whose left hand was a cupbord of ten stages maruellous rich and beautifull to behold and within a little season was brought to the quéene with a solemne seruice in great standing spice plates a void of spice and subtilties with ipocras and other wines which she sent downe to hir ladies and when the ladies had dranke she gaue hartie thanks to the lords and ladies with the maior and other that had giuen their attendance on hir and so withdrew hir selfe with a few ladies to the Whitehall and so to hir chamber and there shifted hir and after went into hir barge secretlie to the king to his manour of Westminster where she rested that night On sundaie the maior â—lad in crimsin veluet and with his collar and all the aldermen and shiriffes in scarlet and the counsell of the citie
the said citie but the bailiffes reteining their old and ancient custome doo kéepe the like courts and in the like causes distinctlie from the maior by themselues at all time and times the mondaies and festiuall daies excepted as it shall please them to assigne and with their court is called by the name of the prouost court Thus the maior and bailiffes both iointlie and seuerallie line 10 haue iurisdiction to decerne and determine in ciuill matters But if the matters doo touch and concerne the prince the crowne the common peace anie criminall matter or the publike state of the citie and common-wealth of the same then the same are decided by the maior and iustices or by the maior and common councell or by the maior himselfe or by some other officer or officers according to the nature and qualitie of the cause and offense But bicause it requireth a large and speciall course to describe the line 20 gouernement of this citie and common-wealth of the same the charge of euerie officer the diuersitie of officers their seuerall iurisdictions and a number of other things incident vnto their charges there is a particular booke imprinted and at large the same is set out in such order as is requisite and apperteining to the gouernement whereby euerie man may know his office and charge and what to him dooth apperteine And let it suffice that partlie through good gouernement and partlie of a good inclination line 30 the people of this citie haue béene alwaies dutifull and obedient to the king and the lawes and haue in great awe and reuerence their gouernours and magistrats for the time being And this one thing is not so strange as worthie to be noted that euen from the beginning from time to time they haue béene carefull for their common-wealth and vigilant for the preseruation of the same And as in times of peace and quietnesse the same hath beene well gouerned so in times troublesome and vnquiet line 40 it hath béene most valiantlie defended against the inuasions and assaults of the enimies as by sundrie histories it may appeare whereof for example these few may serue line 1 First Aruiragus king of this land then named Britaine minding to staie the land in his ancient estate fréedome and libertie did withdraw and denie to paie vnto the Romans the tribute which they did require and demand wherefore Claudius the emperor sent Uespasian then duke of the Romane armie line 50 into this realme with a great hoast either to recouer the tribute or to subdue the land This Uespasian is he who in the foure and twentith yeare after this his iourneie did destroie Ierusalem Wherfore this duke landing in Torrebate then named Totonesium littus came to this citie laid siege vnto it and gaue continuall assaults therevnto for eight daies continuallie togither Aruiragus the king being then in the east parts of the land and hearing of this with a great armie and power marcheth towards this citie to remooue line 60 the siege and incountereth with the enimie The Romane after long fight and not able to preuaile is contented to come to parlée and in the end a composition was concluded as if dooth appeare and is set downe and written by sundrie historiographers The chronicle of the cathedrall church of the said citie hath these words Anno Domini 49 Vespassanus cum Romano exercitu ciuitatem nunc vocatam Exeter â—cto diebus obsedit sedminimè praeualuit Aruirago rege ciuibus auxilium praestante Geffreie of Monmouth hath these words Vespasianus à Claudio missus est vt Arâ—iragum vel pacificaret vel Romanae subiectioni restitueret Cùmigitur inportu in Rutâ—pi applicare voluisset Vespasianus obuâ—aâ—it ei Aruiragus atque prohibuit nâ— portum ingrederetur Retraxit itaque se Vespasianus à portu illo retortisque velis in littore Totonesio applicuit Nactus deinde tellurem Caier â—enhulgoite quae nunc Exonia vocà tur obsessurus eandem adiuit cùmque octo diebus eandem obsedisset superuenit Aruiragus cum exercitu suo praeliùmque commisit die illa valde laceratus fuit vtrorùmque exercitus sed neuter est victoria potitus mane autem facto mediante Geâ—aâ—issa regina concordes effecti sunt Matthew of Westminster writeth Aruiragus Britannorum rex in tantam proâ—apsus est superbiaÌ„ quòd Romanae potestatis noluit diutiùs subiectiom parere Vespasianus igitur à Claudio missus cùm in Rutupi portu applicare incepisset Aruiragus illi â—buius prohibuit ne ingrederetur At Vespasianus recortis velis in Totonesio littore applicuit ciuitatem quae Britannicè Caier Penhulgoite nunc autenâ— Exonia appellatur obsedit elapsis inde septem diebus Aruiragus superuenit praeliùmque commisit vtrorùmque exercitu valde lacerato mediante Genwissa Claudij filia duces amici facti sunt In the historie intituled Noua historia de gestis Anglorum a Britonibus vsque ad Henricum sextum is written the like in effect Vespasianus à Claudio missus est vt Aruiragum pacificaret vel Romanae ditioni restitueret cui obuians Aruiragus probibuit ne terram suam ingrederetur timens Vespasianus armatorum cohortem retraxit sese retortisque velis in Totonesio littore est appulsus atque vrbem Exoniae obsedit post septem dies superuenit Aruiragus praelium committitur laceratùrque vtrorùmque exercitus sed neuter potitur victoria demum mediante Genewissa regina reconciliati sunt It was also in manie troubles and great perplexities in the vncerteine and troublesome states of this realme when sometimes the Romans sometimes the Picts sometimes the Scots sometimes the Saxons and sometimes the Danes made their incursions and warres within this land by reason whereof the records and memorials in those daies for the most part were lost and consumed And yet Matthew of Westminster writeth that it was besieged by Penda king of Mertia in the yeare line 2 of our Lord 632 in the time of Cadwallin one of the last kings of the Britons The historie is this Edwin the Saxon king of the Northumbers â—auing wars against Cadwallin or Cadwallâ— did so preuaile and had such conquests ouer him that Cadwallo was driuen to forsake his realme of Waleâ— and to flie into Ireland where he being was 〈◊〉 carefull and pensifull how to recouer his countrie againe Wherefore he repareth his armie and gathereth a new force and gaue sundrie â—ttempts to atchiue to his purpose but all was in vaine 〈…〉 could neuer set foot on land in his countrie 〈◊〉 win was alwaies at hand and in a readinesse to 〈◊〉 and resist the same for this Edwin had about him in his seruice a man named Pellitus who was a magician and verie skilfull in necromancie and who by his art and science did foreshew and declare vnto Edwin what things were a dooing and attempted against him Cadwallo hauing continuallie euill successe was in vtter despaire and distrust to
end of the collegiat chapell to the making whereof he defaced as it is said without licence a peece of the line 10 kings lodging on the east end of the chapell The deane hath a faire lodging of timber within the castell and to it is ioined a place for the ministers of the chapell Thus much Leland for Wallingford thus much I for Edmund earle of Cornewall and lord of Wallingford Edward of Carnaruan prince of Wales sonne to Edward the first was in the yeare of our redemption 1295 being the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the first protector of England in the absence of his father in Flanders who because he was line 20 of tender yeares had as tutors and gouernours appointed vnto him Richard bishop of Durham Eulogium hath the bishop of London William Montacute with diuerse other knights as Reignold Greie Iohn Giffard Alane Plunket being wise discreet and expert soldiers Piers or Peter de Gauestone a Gascoine borne whome king Edward the second so tenderlie loued as that he preferred him before all men was appointed gardian of the realme in the first yeare of the line 30 said king Edward the second being the yeare of our redemption 1308 when the king went into France and there aboad to marrie Isabell daughter to Philip king of France before that the said Edward was crowned king of England as hath Radulphus Higden Of this Piers I will here saie litle bicause I haue spoken more largelie of him in my pantographie of England Iohn de Drokensford bishop of Bath and Wels was in the yeare of our redemption 1313 being the line 40 sixt yeare of king Edward the second made protector of the realme in the absence of the said king Edward the second and his wife quéene Isabell who went into France to solemnize the coronation of Philip sonne to Philip king of France who was at that instant created king of Nauarre This Drokensford was the fourtéenth bishop of Bath Wels. Great contention was there betwéene him and the deane and priests of that church He succéeded in the bishoprike Walter Houelshaw This Drokensford line 50 held the bishoprike about ninetéene yeares he beautified the same with manie goodlie buildings procured manie priuileges vnto it and greatlie exalted his kindred He was buried at Welles before the high altar of saint Iohn Baptist. Henrie Lascie or Lacie earle of Lincolne and of Salisburie baron of Halton and of Pontfrait corruptlie called Pomefret and constable of Chester was made protector of the realme in the fift yeare of Edward the second being the yeare of our redemption line 60 1310 whilest the king remained in the warres of Scotland Which Henrie died shortlie after in the same yeare and was buried in the new worke of Paules who carried for his armes the purple lion cōtrarie to the cote his ancestors had borne before This man had doone great seruice in the warres in the time of Edward the first he married Margaret the daughter and heire of William Longespée earle of Salisburie and had by hir a daughter named Alice married to Thomas Plantagenet earle of Lancaster Leicester and Darbie This Henrie as I haue learned of other and read in Leland had issue a bastard sonne and hauing amongst manie other lordships the manour of Grantcester besides Cambridge he gaue the same with other lands vnto that bastard and commanded that the same Lacie so set vp in Grantcester should for himselfe and his successors euer name their sonnes and heires by the names of Henrie which hitherto hath béene religiouslie obserued amongst them And this was the originall of the houses of the Lacies in Grantcester as Leland learned of him which was then heire of those lands Gilbert de Clare the third earle of Glocester of that name after the death of Henrie Lacie was chosen gouernour of the realme the king being still in Scotland during the time that the king shuld make his abode in that countrie Of this man see before in the discourse of his father Gilbert the second earle of Glocester and Hertford and protector of the realme Edward prince of Wales and duke of Aquitane comming out of France with Isabell in the second yeare of Edward the second his father was after his landing in England and the taking of his father made gardian of England vnder his father which office he did not long continue for deposing his father from the kingdome in the yeare of Christ 1326 he assumed the crowne himselfe in his fathers life Walter Reinolds archbishop of Canturburie was with others appointed gardian of England on this sort Edward the third as before atteining to the crowne in the yeare of our redemption 1327 or as some others more trulie saie 1326 being fourteene years of age did then begin his reigne But bicause he was so yoong not being of power or policie to weld so great a charge it was decréed in this first yeare of his reigne that twelue gouernors of the greatest lords within the realme should possesse the gouernement vntill he came to riper yeares whose names were as insueth Walter archbishop of Canturburie the archbishop of Yorke the bishop of Winchester the bishop of Hereford Henrie earle of Lancaster Thomas Brotherton earle marshall Edmund of Woodstocke earle of Kent Iohn earle of Warren the lord Thomas Wake the lord Henrie Persie the lord Oliuer de Ingham and the lord Iohn Rosse who were sworne of the kings councell and charged with the gouernement of the kingdome as they would answere for the same But this ordinance continued not long for in the second yeare of this king Isabell the kings mother and the lord Roger Mortimer tooke the whole rule into their hands in such sort that the king and his councellors were in all affaires of state and otherwise onelie gouerned by their direction Of this Walter Reinolds the archbishop bicause he was sometime chancellor and sometime treasuror is more mention made in the large volume of the liues of the chancellors Iohn of Eltham earle of Cornewall sonne to Edward the second had in the fourth yeare of king Edward the third being the yeare of our redemption 1330 the gouernement of the realme committed vnto him whilest king Edward the third had passed the seas onelie fiftéene horsses in his companie apparelled in clokes like vnto merchants which office the said Iohn of Eltham executed vntill the returne of the said king and before that also when the said Edward the third in the second yeare of his reigne did before this time go into France to doo his homage He was made earle of Cornewall in the second yeare of king Edward the third being the yeare of Christ 1328 and died at Barwike others saie at S. Iohns towne in Scotland in the moneth of October 1336 being the tenth yeare of Edward the third and was honorablie buried at Westminster for the solemnization of whose buriall the king came out of Scotland
the assault which continued for the space of an houre and a halfe the French shot off their flankers and mainteined their shot from the wals so thicke that it seemed a verie hell for the time line 60 They also hurled downe ouer the wals vpon the assailants heads great plentie of stones logs and mightie péeces of timber which did much hurt to the Englishmen and Scots that forced themselues to clime vp But yet neuerthelesse manie there were that entred the towne in sundrie places of the which some came backe againe although others were beaten downe and slaine To conclude at length all that escaped with life were forced to retire with the losse of seauen or eight score Englishmen some haue said two hundred which were slaine outright beside those that were wounded being in number at the least two or three hundred and amongst other there were diuer se capteins and gentlemen that were hurt as sir Thomas Hesketh master Sutton master Newport master Conweie capteine Wood Thomas Fitton with others Upon the repulse thus giuen to our men by the French they aduanced and set vp fouretéene ensignes presentlie about the towne and continued otherwise quiet all that daie Wednesdaie the eight of Maie in the afternoone sir George Howard and sir Richard Lée departed towards Barwike with certeine companies of horsmen for their safe conduction Thursdaie the ninth of Maie the Frenchmen wrought verie earnestlie within the towne to fortifie the necessarie places and repare the breaches euen in the face of the English ordinance which went off diuerse times and did them much hurt The same daie also the French had manned to the sea wards a bote fraught with fiftie harquebusiers meaning to conueie them ouer to Insketh but the English ships discouering them prepared certeine botes to encounter them whereof they being aware returned Fridaie the tenth of Maie master Inglebie capteine Pickman and capteine Browne came to the campe from Barwike with a supplie of foure hundred and fiftie souldiors The same daie about ten of the clocke at night there chanced a brall to fall out among the Scots that watched in the trenches néerest vnto the towne of Leith on the west side insomuch that one of them fell to and killed an other which disorder being perceiued of the French within Leith they issued out and meant to haue vsed the vantage but the Englishmen that watched néere vnto the Scots staied the fraie and did not onelie bring them to quiet but also put the Frenchmen to flight On sundaie the twelfe of Maie about midnight the Frenchmen to the number of two hundred sallied foorth of the towne minding to giue a camisado to the Englishmen who kept watch that night in the trenches at the westside of Montpelham but they were descried and certeine of them killed and so had the repulse Wednesdaie the fiftéenth of Maie sir Francis Leake came to the campe with a supplie of fiue hundred men from Barwike Thursdaie the sixteenth of Maie towards night the Frenchmen to the number of one hundred footmen and thirtie horssemen came abroad and shewed themselues verie braue skirmishing with the Englishmen at the west end of their towne Tuesdaie the one and twentith of Maie about seauen of the clocke at night there issued foorth of Leith six horssemen and one hundred footmen harquebusiers marching toward Montpelham to offer skirmish Wherevpon capteine Uaughan went foorth to them verie orderlie and skirmished with them a prettie while and in the meane time off went the great ordinance on both sides In the end the Frenchmen were driuen to retire into the towne for the Englishmen shewed themselues verie egre and valiantlie charged their enimies put them to retire and chased them in at their gates to the which they followed them right hardilie The same night maister Francis Summerset and other capteins were appointed to kéepe a â—ort built aboue the campe and now finished tooke name of him being capteine thereof and was after called Summersets mount The same daie a souldiour of capteine Druries band was hanged for going to Edenburgh contrarie to a proclamation inhibiting anie soldiour so to doo without speciall licence Wednesdaie the two and twentith of Maie sir Peter Carew came to the campe being sent from the court Thursdaie the foure and twentith of Maie at seuen of the clocke at night the French sallied foorth to the number of two hundred footmen and twentie horssemen at the reléefe of the warders when the watch should be set meaning as it appeared to haue woone the trenches from the Englishmen Wherevpon a sore skirmish followed diuerse slaine and manie hurt on both parties yet in the end the Frenchmen were driuen home by plaine force This was at the west side of the towne where they had fortified towards the sea The same daie the Frenchmen of Dunbar tooke an English hoie laden with double béere béefe oxen line 10 and sâ—itches of bacon Saturdaie the eight of Iune sir Iohn Neuill with three hundred men capteine Bridges and capteine Drurie with other thrée hundred set from Barwike towards the campe where they arriued on mondaie the tenth of Iune on which daie the queene Dowager departed this life The thirtéenth of Iune sir William Cicill principall secretarie to the queenes maiestie and doctor Wotton deane of Canturburie and Yorke came to Barwike appointed commissioners on hir said maiesties line 20 behalfe to treat of an accord with the conte de Randon and the bishop of Ualence commissioners sent for that purpose from the French king and his wife Marie queene of Scotland The fouretéenth of Iune being fridaie a certeine number of Frenchmen came foorth of Leith to gather cockles on the sands towards Montpelham which the Englishmen perceiuing set vpon them slue thréescore and ten and tooke sixtéene of them prisoners On sundaie the sixtéenth of Iune the fore remembred line 30 commissioners came to Edenburgh and as master secretarie and doctor Wotton passed the English forts and campe they were saluted with a gallant peale of the harquebusiers that shot off their harquebusies verie liuelie Mondaie the seuentéenth of Iune about eight of the clocke an abstinence of warre was concluded warning being giuen by the discharging of two péeces of the great artillerie out of the castell and then the Frenchmen shewed and aduanced themselues vpon their rampiers Saturdaie the two and twentith of Iune the abstinence line 40 was broken off which till then had beene trulie kept and obserued Thursdaie the fourth of Iulie about thrée of the clocke in the after noone the French came out of Leith according to their accustomed maner to gather cockles Whervpon the lord lieutenant being at that present in Montpelham sent a drum vnto monsieur Doisell to signifie to him that his soldiours had gone further without their bounds than they might doo by the order taken by the commissioners line 50 of both parts Doisell answered that
was a lamentable sight and pitifull remembrance line 40 to the beholders therof After this mischance the queens maiestie being much gréeued for the losse of so beautifull a monument directed hir highnesse letters to the maior of the citie of London willing him to assemble the citizens to take some order for speciall aid and helpe for the reparing againe of the said monument And she of hir most gratious disposition to giue a comfort to others for the furtherance thereof did presentlie giue and deliuer in gold one thousand markes and a warrant for a thousand lode line 50 of timber to be taken out of hir maiesties woods or elsewhere and the citizens of London granted one beneuolence and three fiftéens to be foorthwith paied The clergie vnder the prouince of Canturburie granted the fortith part of the value of their benefices charged with first fruits not charged with first fruits the thirtith part The clergie of the diocesse of London granted the thirtith part of their benefices in first fruits and the twentith part out of first fruits Now immediatlie by commandement of the line 60 quéenes highnesse hir priuie councell tooke order that six citizens of London and two of the cleargie of the church of Paules had charge and commandement to ouersée and set forward this worke who made such expedition that within one moneth next following the burning thereof the whole church that is to saie all the foure great roofes of the same were couered with boords and lead after the maner of a false roofe And the greatnesse of the worke dispatched in so short time could scarselie be credited of anie but of such as saw and knew the same And the cause of this great hast was for feare of raine which might haue perished the vawtes to the destruction of the whole church the people that were therein And before the said yéere was fullie ended all the said iles of the said church were made framed of new maine timber couered with lead fullie finished And the same yeare also the great roofe of the west end was framed and made of new great timber in Yorkeshire brought to London by sea and set vp couered with lead and fullie finished And in like maner within the said yeare the whole roofe and frame of the east end of the said church was made in Yorkeshire brought by sea to London and there laid readie to be raised when the season of the yeare serued This one thing resteth to be told that by estimation of wise men 10000 pounds more than is yet granted vnto it will not perfect finish the church and stéeple in such sort as it was before the burning thereof In this meane time also by reason of the quéenes maiesties letters directed to the maior and his brethren of the citie of London about the burning of Paules there were certeine aldermen and commoners of the said citie named and called togither by the authoritie of the maior to deuise some good order and spéedie remedie for the reliefe and comfort of the said citie whensoeuer anie chance of fire hereafter should happen as God forbid within the said citie or liberties thereof And the persons so called after sundrie méetings and with good aduisement and deliberation agréed and penned a certeine order for the spéedie remedie thereof as well for the readie knowledge of the place wheresoeuer the same fire should happen and for the sudden extinguishment suppressing of the same as also for the safe kéeping of the goods of such persons in whose house anie fire should chance Which orders and rules vndoubtedlie would be to the great comfort safetie of the citie and citizens of the same if they were published and made knowen in time and executed accordinglie But what should I saie I can but lament not onelie for this but also for manie such painefull and profitable labors which for good gouernement of this citie had béene taken For as soone as the talking thereof is doone and the bookes framed and deliuered so soone is it put in obliuion and nothing at all thought vpon vntill an houre after the mischiefe be past This yeare was chosen lord maior of London a worthie citizen named William Harper one of the companie of the merchant tailors This man wishing in his life time to benefit his countrie founded a free schoole in the towne of Bedford where he was borne and now lieth buried prouiding a competent stipend and liuing for a scholemaister there to traine vp and instruct children in vertue and learning foreuer The fiftéenth of Nouember the quéenes maiestie published a proclamation wherein she restored to the realme diuerse small péeces of siluer monie as the peece of six pence foure pence thrée pence two pence and a penie three halfe pence and thrée farthings She also forbad all forren coines to be currant within the same realme as well gold as siluer calling them to hir maiesties mints except two sorts of crownes of gold the one the French crowne the other the Flemmish crowne ¶ Thus did hir maiestie in all hir actions directed to common vtilitie shoot at a certeine perfection purenesse and soundnesse as here in hir new stamps and coines of all sorts so also in Gods religion setting the materiall churches of hir dominions frée from all popish trash which one hath aptlie noted by waie of comparison saieng Eiectis paleis purgatur vt area multo Vsque laborantis serui sudore reuulsis Vt nitet ampla domus quas struxit aranea telis Sic priùs idolis confractis templa fricantur Cuncta scopis quicquid fuit abradentibus vncis Dentibus obscoenum spurcum verbóue repugnans Sacro relligióque erectis cultior ibat Iam pedibus Christúsque Dei cognoscitur agnus Offensas delens mundi peccatáque tollen◠Vaenalis populo non indulgentia papae This yeare in England were manie monstruous births In March a mare brought foorth a foale with one bodie and two heads and as it were a long taile growing out betweene the two heads Also a sow farowed a pig with foure legs like to the armes of a manchild with armes and fingers c. In Aprill a sow farrowed a pig with two bodies year 1562 eight féet and but one head manie calues and lambs were monstruous line 10 some with collars of skin growing about their necks like to the double ruffes of shirts and neckerchers then vsed The foure and twentith of Maie a manchild was borne at Chichester in Sussex the head armes legs whereof were like to an anatomie the breast and bellie monstruous big from the nauill as it were a long string hanging about the necke a great collar of flesh and skin growing like the ruffe of a shirt or neckercher comming vp aboue the eares pleited and folded c. line 20 The realme of France being in great trouble about this season by the means of
charges also of the citie possession thereof was by certeine aldermen in the name of the whole citizens giuen to line 50 the right worshipfull sir Thomas Gresham knight agent to the queenes highnesse there to build a place for merchants to assemble in at his owne proper charges who on the seuenth daie of Iune laid the first stone of the foundation being bricke and foorthwith the workemen followed vpon the same with such diligence that by the moneth of Nouember in An. 1567. the same was couered with slate The commissioners before named appointed for the matters of Flanders kéeping their diet at Bruges agreed to refer the whole matter to the princes on both sides line 60 and if they could not agrée then the merchants to haue fortie daies to repare home with their merchandize and in the meane time all things to stand as they were then Our commissioners departed from Bruges about the six and twentith of Iune The one and thirtith of August the quéenes maiestie in hir progresse came to the vniuersitie of Oxford and was of all the students which had looked for hir comming thither two yeares so honorablie and ioifullie receiued as either their loialnesse towards the quéenes maiestie or the expectation of their fréends did require Concerning orders in disputations and other academicall exercises they agréed much with those which the vniuersitie of Cambridge had vsed two yeares before Comedies also and tragedies were plaied in Christs church where the queenes highnesse lodged Among the which the comedie intituled Palemon and Arcit made by maister Edwards of the quéenes chappell had such tragicall successe as was lamentable For at that time by the fall of a wall and a paire of staires and great presse of the multitude thrée men were slaine The fift of September after disputations the quéene at the humble sute of certeine hir nobilitie and the K. of Spaines ambassador made a bréefe oration in Latine to the vniuersitie but so wise and pithie as England may reioise that it hath so learned a prince and the vniuersitie may triumph that they haue so noble a patronesse The sixt of September after dinner hir grace comming from Christs church ouer Carfox and so to S. Maries the scholers standing in order according to their degrees euen to the east gate certeine doctors of the vniuersitie did ride before in their scarlet gownes and hoods maisters of art in blacke gownes and hoods The maior also with certeine of his brethren did ride before hir in scarlet to the end of Magdalen bridge where their liberties ended but the doctors and maisters went forward still to Shootouer a mile and more out of Oxford bicause their liberties extended so far and there after orations made hir highnes with thanks to the whole vniuersitie bad them farewell and rode to Ricote The valiant capteine Edward Randoll esquier lieutenant of the ordinance and coronell of a thousand footmen in September last past was with his band imbarked at Bristow and within few daies after landed at Knockfergus in the north parts of Ireland and from thence by water to a place called Derrie by which passeth the riuer Longfoile There the said coronell in short space fortified to the great annoiance of Shane Oneil and by great foresight and experience garded himselfe and his charge till the said Oneil to hinder and disturbe his aboad there the twelfe of Nouember arriued with a great armie of Kerne Galowglasses and horssemen with whome the said capteine Randoll incountered and him there so discomfited as after that conflict he durst neuer approch the quéenes power And to his perpetuall fame the said capteine by reason of his bold and hardie onset that daie lost his life Charles Iames the sixt of that name son to Henrie Stuart lord of Darnleie and Marie king queene of Scots was borne in Edenburgh castell the ninetéenth of Iune last past and the eighteenth of December this yeare solemnlie christened at Sterling whose godfathers at the christening were Charles K. of France and Philibert duke of Sauoie and the quéenes maiestie of England was the godmother who gaue a font of gold curiouslie wrought and inameled waieng three hundred thrée and thirtie ounces amounting in value to the summe of 1043 pounds ninetéene shillings The tenth of Februarie in the morning Henrie Stuart lord of Darnleie before named K. of Scots by Scots in Scotland was shamefullie murthered year 1567 the reuenge whereof remaineth in the mightie hand of God The two and twentith of Februarie the ladie Margaret Dowglas countesse of Lineux mother to the said king of Scots was discharged out of the tower of London Within the space of ten moneths last past died seuen aldermen of London the first Edward Bankes deceassed the ninth of Iulie An. 1566 Richard Chamberleine late shiriffe sir Martin Bowes sir Richard Mallorie sir William Hewet and sir Thomas White late maiors then Richard Lambert one of the shiriffes for that yeare the fourth of Aprill 1567. The like mortalitie to haue happened among them about a ten or eleuen yeares before you shall read in the historie of queene Marie in the fourth yeare of hir reigne The two and twentith of Aprill by great misfortune of fire in the towne of Ossestrie in Wales twelue miles from Shrewsburie to the number of two hundred houses to wit seuen score within the wals and three score without in the suburbs besides cloth corne cattell c were consumed which fire began line 10 at two of the clocke in the after noone and ended at foure to the great maruell of manie that so great a spoile in so short a time should happen Two long stréets with great riches in that towne was burnt in the yeare 1542 and likewise or worse in the yeare 1564. The foure and twentith of Aprill the sergeants feast was kept at Greis inne néere vnto Holborne and there were at that time made seuen new sergeants of the law The seuenteenth of Maie in the towne of Milnall in Suffolke eight line 20 miles from Newmarket thirtie seuen houses besides barnes stables and such like were consumed with fire in the space of two houres Shane Oneil who had most traitorouslie rebelled against the quéenes maiestie in Ireland and had doone manie great outrages in the parts of Ulster was this yeare with his great losse manfullie repelled from the siege of Dundalke by the garrison therof and afterward through the great valiancie and foresight of sir Henrie Sidneie knight of the order line 30 and lord deputie of Ireland he was so discomfited in sundrie conflicts with the losse of thrée thousand fiue hundred of his men that now foreséeing his declination to be imminent he determined to put a collar about his necke and disguising himselfe to repaire to the lord deputie and penitentlie to require his pardon to haue his life But Neil Mackeuer his secretarie who had incited him to
see of which Baldocke thus writeth a Polychronicon of Durham Robertus de Baldocke cancellarius An. 1325 captus cum Hugonibus de despensers quia clericus fuit sacerdos in noua porta Londiniarum poni fecit Edwardus princeps Isabella mater eius vbi pro nimia miseria mortuus fuit infra breue line 20 Iohn Hotham bishop of Elie the second time was at Westminster made chancellor of England in the yeare that the word became flesh 1326 being the first yeare of the reigne of that king which first intituled himselfe king of England and France but he continued not long in the same office for he was remooued in the second yeare of the said king being the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred twentie and eight He was elected bishop in the yéere of Christ one thousand line 30 thrée hundred and sixtéene in which place he ruled twentie yeares and died in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and six and thirtie of the palseie at Summersham being buried in the church of Elie vnder a goodlie monument of stone with the image of a bishop carued out of alabaster vpon his toome Henrie Cliffe master of the rolles had the charge and kéeping of the great seale of England in the said yeare of Christ 1328 being the second yeare line 40 of king Edward the third and was the kings chancellor also Henrie de Burgh Burghwash or Burgesse nephue vnto sir Bartholomew Bladismere baron of Léeds in Kent hauing béene treasuror of England inioied the honor of the chancellor in the second yéere of king Edward the third being the yeare that the sonne of God tooke on him the forme of a seruant 1328 and was made chancellor at Northampton which office he did not long inioie Here bicause I line 50 haue a little mentioned sir Bartholomew Bladesmere I will saie somwhat more of him which is that being orator for the king in diuers weightie affairs he spent in those businesses 15000 pounds of the kings monie and yet produced little or nothing to effect in the kings causes except the procuring of this Henrie Burghwash to the bishoprike of Lincolne who was buried in the east end towards the north of the church of Lincolne at whose féet was also buried Robert his brother a knight of great line 60 fame in the warres in which church is also buried Bartholomew sonne to the said Robert They founded a grammar schoole and fiue priests fiue poore scholars in Lincolne Iohn Stratford bishop of Winchester and after of Canturburie and sometime treasuror of England was made chancellor of the realme in the yéere of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and thirtie being the fourth yeare of the said king Edward the third who being sent in the sixt yeare of Edward the third in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred two and thirtie ambassador beyond the seas about the affaires of the king kingdome did not like cardinall Woolseie the chancellor in the daies of K. Henrie the eight presumptuouslie carrie the great seale with him beyond the seas but left the same in his absence with others who both could and would answer the well or euill vsing thereof whilest he was in France This man continued in the office vntill the eight yeare of Edward the third Richard de Burie otherwise called Richard de Angeruile being borne in a little village bâ—side saint Edmundsburie commonlie called the Berrie abbeie was so surnamed Burie of that place had to his father sir Richard Angeruile knight This man being first kept at schoole by his vncle sir Iohn Wilobie priest was afterward treasuror of England chancellor and bishop of Durham to which place of chancellorship he was aduanced in the yeare that the second person in trinitie was brought into the world 1334 being the eight yeare of that king of England which first quartered the armes of England and France Which office he receiued by the kings gift at Westminster in which yeare he was inthronized being first consecrated bishop in the yere of Christ 1333 in the bishoprike of Durham by William Cowton prior of Durham he kept the see 11 years two moneths and 12 daies died in the yeare 1345 was buried in the south angle of the church of Durham Iohn Stratford the second time lord chancellor being now archbishop of Canturburie was installed therein at Yorke in the yeare of Christ 1335 being the ninth yeare of the reigne of king Edward the third Robert de Stratford or Strafford as some haue written but as I thinke corruptlie being archdeacon of Canturburie which office was first ordeined by Anselme archbishop of the said citie of Canturburie was made chancellor of England on the foure and twentith daie of March being the éeue of the annuntiation of the virgin Marie at Westminster in the yeare that the word of the father tooke on him the forme of a seruant 1336 being the eleuenth yeare of the gouernement of king Edward the third He was after made bishop of Chichester desiring to be remooued from that office of chancellorship which was granted vnto him whervpon he surrendered vp the seale to the said king Edward the third in the twelfe yeare of his reigne being the yeare of our redemption 1338. Richard de Bintwoorth chosen bishop of London and confirmed by Iohn Stratford archbishop of Canturburie at Oteford in the tenth kalends of Iune 1338 was at Waltham aduanced to the honour of lord chancellor in the moneth of Iulie in the said yeare of Christ 1338 being the twelfe yeare of that king which first ordeined the knights of the order of the garter Iohn Stratford the third time lord chancellor of England in which office he did not now long continue Robert bishop of Chichester being the foresaid Robert Stratford was againe made lord chancellor of England in the yere of our redemption 1340 being the fourtéenth yeare of the reigne of king Edward the third who was put out of that office and should with the treasuror of England haue bene sent into France for a pledge for the paiment of certeine summes of monie Robert de Bourchier borne of the honourable house of the lord Bourchiers was in the towre of London made lord chancellor of England in December in the said fouretéenth yeare of king Edward the third being the yeare of our Lord 1340 though some saie he was made chancellor in the fiftéenth yeare of the said king Robert Perning Pernicke or Pernwicke also treasuror of England was made chancellor of England in the yeare that the virgine brought foorth the the Messiah 1341 being the fiftéenth yeare of king Edward the third He died in the yeare 1343 being the seuentéenth yeare of the foresaid king Edward the third This man was a sergeant in the third yeare of Edward the third when he began to plead as a sergeant in which he
through both armes and mooued him out of his place For the which fact the said Thomas being apprehended and condemned to death was on the one and twentith of Iulie brought to the water side where was a gibbet set vp directlie placed betwixt Dartford and Gréenewich But when the hangman had put the halter about his necke the right honorable sir Christopher Hatton capteine of the gard and one of hir maiesties priuie councell shewed the queenes maiesties most gratious pardon and deliuered him from execution This yeare Iohn Fox of Woodbridge William Wickneie of Portsmouth and Robert More of Harwich Englishmen hauing béene prisoners in Turkie about the space of thirteene or foureteene yeares with more than two hundred and sixtie other christians of diuerse nations by killing their kéeper maruellouslie escaped and returned into their natiue countries This yeare in the moneths of September and October fell great winds and raging flouds in sundrie places of this realme as in the towne of Newport the cotages were borne downe the corne lost pasture ground ouerwhelmed and cattell drowned In the towne of Bedford the water came vp to the market place where cup boords chests stooles and fourms swam about the houses their fewell corne and haie was wrackt borne awaie Also the towne of saint Edes in Huntingtonshire was ouerflowed suddenlie in the night when all men were at rest the waters brake in with such force that the towne was almost all defaced the swans swam downe the market place and all the towne about the botes did flote The towne of Gormanchester was suddenlie supprest their houses flowed full of water when men were at rest and their cattell with other things were destroied The one and twentith of Nouember sir Thomas Gresham knight agent to the quéenes highnesse who had in his life built the roiall Exchange in London betwéene six and seuen of the clocke in the euening comming from the same Exchange to his house which he had sumptuouslie builded in Bishopsgate stréet of London suddenlie fell downe in his kitchin and being taken vp was found spéechlesse and presentlie dead who afterwards was solemnlie buried in his owne parish church of saint Helen there where he had prepared for himselfe a sumptuous toome or monument without anie epitaph or inscription therevpon This sir Thomas Gresham in his testament which long before his death he had ordeined bequeathed diuerse large legacies not yet performed The eight and twentith daie of March year 1580 one Francis aliàs Marmaduke Glouer was hanged on a gibet set vp for that purpose by the standard in Cheape for wilfullie murthering sergeant Grace after he was by him arrested Also on the next morrow being the nine and twentith daie of March the same gibet was set vp at Hog lane end vpon east Smithfield néere vnto the tower of London thereon to haue hanged one Richard Dod for murthering of mistresse Skinner a widow in hir house there by But sir Owen Hopton lieutenant of the tower cōmanding the officers perteining to the shiriffes of London backe againe to the west side of the crosse tooke the shiriffe of the out shire with the prisoner into an house and after long talke brought the prisoner forth againe deliuered him to the officers to be by them brought backe to London Then he caused the gibet to be taken downe and carried awaie line 10 at his pleasure and without further contention to my knowledge the said Richard Dod was in the after noone of the same daie hanged at Tiborne On the sixt of Aprill being wednesdaie in Easter weeke about six of the clocke toward euening a sudden earthquake happening in London and almost generallie throughout all England caused such an amazednesse among the people as was woonderfull for the time and caused them to make their earnest praiers to almightie God The great clocke bell in line 20 the palace at Westminster strake of it selfe against the hammer with the shaking of the earth as diuerse other clocks bels in the stéeples of the citie of London and elsewhere did the like The gentlemen of the Temple being then at supper ran from the tables and out of their hall with their kniues in their hands The people assembled at the plaie houses in the fields as at the Whoreater the Theater I would saie were so amazed that doubting the ruine of the galleries they made hast to be gone A péece of the line 30 temple church fell downe some stones fell from saint Paules church in London and at Christs church neere to Newgate market in the sermon while a stone fell from the top of the same church which stone killed out of hand one Thomas Greie an apprentise and an other stone fell on his fellow seruant named Mabell Eueret and so brused hir that she liued but foure daies after Diuerse other at that time in that place were sore hurt with running out of the church one ouer another for feare The tops of diuerse chimneies line 40 in the citie fell downe the houses were so shaken a part of the castell at Bishops Stratford in Essex fell downe This earthquake indured in or about London not passing one minute of an houre and was no more felt But afterward in Kent and on the sea coast it was felt thrée times as at Sandwich at six of the clocke the land not onelie quaked but the sea also fomed so that the ships tottered At Douer also the same houre was the like so that a péece of the cliffe fell into the sea with also a péece of line 50 the castell wall there a péece of Saltwood castell in Kent fell downe and in the church of Hide the bels were heard to sound A peece of Sutton church in Kent fell downe the earthquake being there not onlie felt but also heard And in all these places and others in east Kent the same earthquake was felt three times to moue to wit at six at nine and at eleuen of the clocke The nineteenth daie of Aprill the ferrie at Lambeth was drowned with fiue men and foure horsses other two men and fiue horsses swam to land and were saued line 60 On the one and twentith of Aprill in the yeare 1580 departed this life master William Lambe esquier sometime gentleman of the chappell in the reigne of king Henrie the eight citizen of London and frée of the clothworkers Of this mans almes-deeds and manifold charities some before some since his death put in effectuall practise thus reporteth a memoriall recorded in print agréeing in truth with his last will and testament an extract whereof for others imitation is necessarilie here to be inserted This gentleman remembring that learning bringeth preferment yea euen to them which are put baselie borne as it pleased God to mooue him by his good and gratious spirit he prooued himselfe by testimonials of his dooings a louer of learning and a fauourer of euerie honest profession For in the
the length whereof was from the necke vnto the taile seuenteene yards and one foote hauing a big head for the chap of the saw was thrée yards and a quarter in length with téeth of three quarters of a yard compas great eies and two great holes ouer them to spout out water hir taile was fourteene foot broad c she laie in the sands and was soonken therein a yard and a halfe déepe and yet was she aboue the sands so high that a lather of fourtéene staues would but reach to the top of hir backe so that in thicknesse from the backe to the bellie she was foure yards and a halfe Iohn Slade sometime a schoolemaister and Iohn Bodie a maister of art of Oxford being both indicted and condemned of high treason were drawne hanged and quartered Slade at Winchester on the thirtith daie of October and Bodie at Andouar on the second daie of Nouember line 10 About this time one named Ditch a notable horssestealer was apprehended at the sessions holden for the goale deliuerie at Newgat on the fourth of December ninetéene times indicted whereof he confessed eightéene who also betwéene the time of his apprehension and the said sessions appeached manie for stealing of horsses whereof diuerse being apprehended ten of them were condemned and hanged in Smithfield on the sixt daie of December being Fridaie and horsse market there He also holpe diuerse more to their horsses againe which had béene line 20 stolne from them taking of euerie one of them ten shillings the péece or more that so recouered their horsses wherby he made fiftéene pounds of currant monie towards his charges Iames earle of Desmond in Ireland secretlie wandering without anie succour as a miserable begger being taken in his cabbin by one of the Irishrie his head was cut off and sent into England where the same as the head of an archrebell was set vpon London bridge on the line 30 thirteenth daie of December Looke for the manner of his rebellion and his death more at large set downe in the historie of Ireland The tenth daie of December through negligence of vndiscréet persons brewing in the towne of Nantwich in a place called Waterlode the fire being careleslie left tooke hold as should séeme vpon some straw or such light matter so burst foorth to the roofes of the house and in short time so increased that from the west end of the towne the wind at line 40 south-southwest the flame was dispersed so furiouslie into the towne on the southside that in short space a great part of the said southside and some of the east-side was burned downe to the ground Which fire beginning at six of the clocke in the euening and continuing till six of the clocke in the morning following neuer ceased burning till it had consumâ—d aboue the number of two hundred houses besides brew houses barnes stables c in all about six hundred houses so that by estimation of manie the losse of houses and goods amounted to aboue thirtie line 50 thousand pounds as more at large appeared by a particular booke printed of that matter About this time Iohn Someruile a furious yoong man of Elstow in Warwikeshire of late discouered and taken in his waie comming with full intent to kill the quéenes maiestie whom God long prosper to reigne ouer vs confessed the treason and that he was moued therevnto in his wicked spirit by certeine traitorous persons his kinsmen and alies and also by often reading of certeine seditious bookes latelie line 60 published for the which the said Someruile Edward Arden a squire of Parkehall in Warwikeshire Marie Arden his wife father and mother in law to the said Someruile and Hugh Hall priest being with other before indicted at Warwike were on the sixtéenth of December arreigned in the Guildhall of London where they were found guiltie and condemned of high treason On the nintéenth of December Iohn Someruile and Edward Arden being brought from the tower of London to Newgate of the same citie and there shut vp in seuerall places within two hours after Someruile was found desperatlie to haue strangled himselfe And on the morrow being the twâ—ntith of December Edward Arden was drawne from Newgate into Smithfield and there hanged bowelled and quartered whose head with Someruiles was set on London bridge and his quarters on the gates of the citie but the bodie of Someruile was buried in the Morefields néere vnto the windmils without Moregate A dreadfull example of Gods heauie iudgement vpon those two offendors but speciallie against the last whome God deliuered to a reprobat mind in somuch that his owne hands became his hangman preuenting the office of the common executioner who should haue performed that last action vpon him whereof the iustice of God in vengeance made himselfe the finisher and fulfiller Thus much by the waie of terror that the remembrance hereof by the reading reporting of the same maie make men euill minded amazed at the rigorous reuengement which God taketh when he séeth his due time vpon the wicked after his long sufferance and patience most wickedlie abused wherof the poet saith Vltio procedit fateor diuina gradatim Nec quoties peccant fulmina vibrat eis Supplicij verò iusta grauitate rependit Turpia quae longo tempore facta tulit In this yeare 1583 which should haue béene noted in the fore part of the yeare by the meanes of a certeine astrologicall discourse vpon the great and notable coniunction of the two superior planets Saturne and Iupiter prognosticated to be the eight and twentith of Aprill the common sort of people yea and no small multitude of such as thinke scorne to be called fooles or counted beggers whilest they were in expectation of this coniunction were in no small imaginations supposing that no lesse would haue béene effectuated than by the said discourse was prophesied Into these fansies not void of feare and mistrust they were drawne with the more facilitie for that they had read and heard pondered and suspected and in part beléeued the predictions of such euents as should insue by influence of that coniunction For it was termed the great and notable coniunction which should be manifested to the ignorant sort by manie fierce and boisterous winds then suddenlie breaking out It was called the greatest and most souereigne coniunction among the seuen planets why so Because lawes and empires and regions are ruled by the same which foretelleth the comming of a prophet the destruction of certeine climats and parts of the earth and new found heresies and a new founded kingdome and damages through the pestilence and abundant showers which dooth prognosticat the destinie of a great and mightie king much sorrow heauinesse to men losses to rich and noble men yea and those too which are accounted and reputed like to prophets and a multitude of locusts which dooth foreshew that weightie and woonderfull things shall come into the
added and set foorth by the said iustice Manwood who for perpetuall supplie when need should be procured that the ancient contributorie lands almost growne into obliuion should be to that end reduced into a conuenient order answerable vnto right and iustice And likewise for good direction in yearelie elections of wardens and other officers with the accounts prouision works and other such necessaries required for perpetuall maintenance of that bridge obteined an act of parlement in the eightéenth yeare of this quéenes reigne as appeareth in the printed booke of statutes wherein were manie things ordâ—ined for the good ordering of the said bridge and the officers belonging therevnto After all which a charge of fiue hundred pounds was of record demanded and leuied vpon the wardens of the said bridge for arerages of the stipends of chanterie priests sometime seruing in the chappell at the east end of the said bridge to the great damage and ouerthrow of the bridge had not the said iustice Manwood by his trauell vpon due and lawfull triall at the assises deliuered discharged the bridge of that great demand as appeareth by record in the court of the excheker before the said sir Roger Manwood came to be chiefe baron there And yet abuse and slackenesse being had in these things the wardens notwithstanding that great beneuolence and reléefe was at sundrie times and of sundrie persons procured vnto the said bridge by the carefull and diligent trauell of Thomas Wooten of Bocton Maleherbe of Kent esquier a deere father and fauourer of his countrie as well at the times of the elections of the wardens and the accounts of the officers were forced to disburse great sums of their owne monie from time to time to dispatch the néedfull charges and works required for the bridge without anie conuenient allowance of the contributorie persons at the yearelie elections of the wardens and without due regard had for order of the said land belonging and contributorie to the bridge For auoiding wherof the said sir Roger Manwood then now lord chiefe baron of the excheker procured to passe another act of parlment in the seuen twentith yeare of hir maiestie reigne wherein is further prouision made for the said bridge as in the printed booke of statutes at large appeareth By which fullie prouided meaneâ— and by reasonable following the presidents of the works and accounts written in great lâ—gear books by the said chiefe baron and William Lambard esquier in the yeare next after the said last mentioned act of parlement of the seauen and twentith of the quéenes reigne they then executing the office of wardens all néedfull reparations be so doone and prouision before hand so made as it is now growne out of all controuersie that the said famous stone bridge of Rochester for euer like to last according vnto the intent of the first building and the indowment thereof for the good and beneficiall seruice of the commonwealth This sir Roger Manwood hauing had before an other wife issued of the gentlemanlie familie of the Theobalds is at this daie ioined in marriage with Elisabeth descended of an ancient and worshipfull familie the daughter of Iohn Copinger of Alhallowes in the countie of Kent esquier which Elisabeth being a woman of such rare modestie and patience as hir verie enimies must néeds confesse the same occasioned these verses following to be composed touching hir hir husband the said sir Roger Manwood Scaccarij protho barâ— Manwoode beatum Quem faciunt leges lingua loquela virumâ— Coniuge foeliciâ—r tamenes quae nata Copinger Egregâ—â— est summa foemina digna viro Quae viduata thâ—ro Wilkins coniunctáque Manwood 〈◊〉 coniux est â—oriata binis In the moneth of Ianuarie deceassed Edward Fines lord Clinton earle of Lincolne and lord admerall of England knight of the garter and one of hir maiesties priuie councell a man of great yéeres and seruice as well by sea as land he was burieâ— at Windsor leauing manie children behind him honorablie married Of this noble man whiles he liued one to whome the honorable lords of the courâ— were not obscurelie knowne writing of the peaâ—eable regiment of the queenes maiestie comprising in an orderlie discourse their high places of seruice to the crowne amongest others speaketh verie commendablie and deseruedlie of this deceassed earle who at such time as the said booke was published vnder the title aforenamed had béene lord great admerall of England thirtie yeares and of councell vnto thrée princes alwaies of vnspotted report speciallie for allegiance and therefore as singularlie beloued in his life so accordinglie bemoned at his death The words that concerne this noble mans memoriall are thus extant to the aduancement of his honour testified by report of two English poets line 10 O Clintone tuae concessa est regia classis Tutelae totos ter denos circiter annos Consuluisse tribus nec haec tibi gloria parua Principibus veterum satraparum sanguine clares Multa gerens pelago praeclarè multáque terris Hunc decorat comitem grandi Lincolnia fastis And before this namelie in the yeare 1564 at what time the said noble man was honored with the title of Praefectus maris and attendant vppon hir maiestie in presence at hir being in Cambridge where line 20 she was magnificallie interteined with all hir troope of lords and traine of ladies c thus did an academike write in praise of the forenamed earle Regnatórque maris Clintonus cuius in vndis Excellens nomen praecipuúmque decus Ille mihi Neptunus aquas mouet ille tridente Hunc Triton hunc pelagi dijque deaeque colunt On the one and twentith daie of Ianuarie one and twentie Iesuites seminaries and other massing priests late prisoners in the Tower of London line 30 Marshalsee and Kings bench were shipped at the Tower wharffe to be conueied towards France banished this realme for euer by vertue of a commission from hir maiestie as may more fullie appeare by that which followeth A vew of the said commission from the queenes maiestie WHere as the queenes most excellent line 40 maiestie foreseeing the danger that hath and might grow vnto the realme by accesse of Iesuits and seminarie priests and other like wandering and massing priests comming hither to seduce and withdraw hir louing subiects from their due obedience to God and hir maiestie and there withall traitorouslie to practise the mouing and stirring of rebellion within the realme as hath appeared by sufficient proofe against them and line 50 by confession of sundrie of themselues for the which diuerse of the said Iesuits and seminaries haue béene tried condemned and executed by the ordinarie and orderlie course of hir maiesties lawes and yet they haue not refrained dailie to practise and attempt the like treasons Hir maiestie notwithstanding following the accustomed course of hir princelie clemencie liking rather for this time to haue them onelie banished out of the
new hauen of greater importance and better securitie than euer it was before For as you haue heard Douer cliffes naturallie defend this baie from all tempests comming from the north-northeast and northwest the pierre yet remaining gardeth it from the west and southwest winds the shelfe of beach crossing from the end thereof to the Castell Raie had made such a close pent as if anie ships could be conueied thereinto they might there rest in great safetie The roome within this close baie conteineth almost fortie acres and the riuer as I haue said runneth quite through the same immediatlie into the maine sea at south so as the said pent being surrounded at euerie high water and lieng almost bare at euerie ebbe the ouze or â—lâ—ech grew to be fouretéene or fiftéene foot déepe the bottome thereof being a maine rocke of chalke insomuch as a great multitude of ships might be placed there in good securitie if the entrance could be made good These things considered by men of good capacitie and experience sundrie deuises and conceipts were exhibited therabouts whereof some séemed verie probable and were the rather heard and commended for that the worke was so necessarie and beneficiall to the commonwealth And in that respect it pleased the queenes maiestie to grant to the towne of Douer towards the reparing of their hauen the frée transportation of thirtie thousand quarters of wheat ten thousand quarters of barlie and malt and foure thousand tun of béere without paieng either custome or impost which was a gift of no small importance For besides great summes of monie alreadie leuied and imploied vpon the beginning of these works the licence or patent was sold to a couple of merchants of London named Iohn Bird and Thomas Wats after the rate of thrée shillings and foure pence for euerie quarter of wheat and two shillings and eight pence for euerie quarter of barlie and malt and the licence of béere being sold to diuerse others amounted to foure thousand marks at the least Besides all this it was enacted in the parlement holden the three and twentith yeare of the reigne of hir maiestie for and in the considerations aforesaid and for that there was a probable plot contriued by skilfull men to be performed for a conuenient sum of monie that for euerie ship vessell or craier whereof anie of hir maiesties subiects were owners or part-owners being of the line 10 burthen of twentie tuns or vpwards loding or discharging within this realme or passâ—ng to or fro anie forren countrie during the space of seuen yeres then next insuing from fortie daies after the end of the same session of parlement there should be paid for euerie such voiage by the maister or owner of all such vessels c the summe of thrée pence for euerie tun of the burthen of such ship c. Hereby there grew great summes of monie to be yearelie leuied toward these works amounting to one thousand pounds yearelie at the least and yet the line 20 time not expired by two yeares After this hir maiestie being carefull that the hauen should with expedition be taken in hand directed hir letters patents dated the nine and twentith daie of March in the foure and twentith yeare of hir reigne to the lord Cobham lord warden of hir cinque ports c sir Thomas Scot sir Iames Hales knights Thomas Wootton Edward Bois the maior of the towne of Douer present and to come Richard Barrie lieutenant of line 30 the castell of Douer Henrie Palmer Thomas Digs Thomas Wilford and William Partridge esquires all which were of the shire and men of great wisedome and iudgement and no small trauellers in matters concerning the common wealth some of them maruellous expert in affaires and matters of the seas some in fortifications some hauing trauelled beyond the seas for experience and conference that waie and to sée the order of forren seaworks and hauens and none without singular vertues In line 40 which respect they were commissionated and authorised by those presents to doo and foresee to be doone from time to time all things needfull and requisit to be imploied about the reparing and mending of the said hauen and as might tend to the furtherance of the said seruice and to choose officers and assigne their stipends and the seuerall fées of all ministers attendants and clerks néedfull for the substantiall necessarie spéedie and cheape dooing thereof and therein to set downe particular orders and directions as might be for the furtherance and accomplishing of the said line 50 works most expedient Now for the performance hereof manie plots by sundrie persons were deuised and first of all one Iohn True was commended or at the least commended him selfe to the lords of hir maiesties priuie councell to whome he made great shew to be an expert enginor and by their lordships he was sent to Douer and presented to be generall surueior of the works as one in whome they reposed great hope of furthering and finishing the said hauen whereof he line 60 made no doubt but resolutelie promised the spéedie execution and accomplishing thereof His deuise and determination was to make within the said baie néere to the shelfe of beach a long wall from the water gate out of which the riuer issueth into the harborough to the blacke bulworke in length two hundred rods This wall was to bée made of excellent stone at Folkstone the which he framed after a strange and contrarie kind of workmanship And there was for this purpose alreadie perfectlie hewed of the same stone seuen thousand foot and six thousand foot more was scapled he bestowed and spent thereabouts one thousand two hundred fourescore and eight pounds as appeareth in the accounts of the treasurors for that time being and yet there was not one stone of his said long wall laid nor that hitherto hath come to anie profitable vse But this wall if it had beene or rather could haue béene finished it would haue cost a hundred thousand pounds and yet would neuer haue serued the turne For a stone wall is so contrarie to the nature of that sandie foundation as it can make no good coniunction nor perfect pent For the furtherance of his deuise he would haue plucked downe a great part of the old pierre whereof there was then too little remaining he detracted the time for he had ten shillings a daie allowed vnto him for his fée which perhaps he was loth to forgo He either could or would not render anie reason to the commissioners of his dooings and finall purpose but alwaies said he would make them a good hauen neither would he set downe anie time certeine for the accomplishing thereof All these matters with his negligence delaies vntowardlinesse of his works being aduertised to the lords of hir maiesties councell he was dismissed After whom one Ferdinando Poins who had béene conuersant and acquainted with water works in the low