and a Navigable River for the Conveyance of heavy Commodities as Fuel c. So that it may be called the Grand Mart of England And for Navigation and Forâ—eign Commerce in which no Emporium in the World can Challenge precedence and by which a considerable share of the Riches of other Nations is imported the Reader is referred to the Chapters where we shall Treat of Trade The River Thames upon wâ—iâ—h it is seated and by it in the form of a Crescent each part of the City enjoying the benefit of the River and yet not far distant from each other This City is so far from the Sea that it needs not fear a Forreign Surprize and yet in 12 hours by the help of the Tide it is capable to receive the greatest Ships that Traverse the Ocean CHAP. III. Of its Increase Magnitude Inhabitants Publick Structures c. AS it was said of the People of Rome that e parva origine from a small beginning they grew to a vast greatness so we may truly say of this Famous City the Metropolis of our Monarchy which even in Neroes days was Renowned for Concourse of Merchants and provision of all things as Speed informs us and must Consequently be Great and Populous That it has received an accession and increase in the Respective Ages is certain and in our Memory we have seen it to multiply exceedingly in beautiful Structures and number of Inhabitants So that it is at present of vast extent being from Lime-House to the end of Tuttle-steet from East to West above 7500 Geometrical paces that is above seven Miles and ahalf And from the further end of Blackman-street in Southwark to the end of St. Leonard-Shore-Ditch is 2500 paces that is two Miles and a half The Principal Streets Lanes and Alleys in this great City are above 500 in number and yet some of them above half a measured Mile in length Before the dreadful Conflagration in 1666 there were computed within the Walls above 15000 Houses which is but one fifth of the whole City as appears by the Weekly Bills of Mortality so that the Total of Houses may be 75000 which are mightily increased since the Rebuilding of the City enlarging it self every way especially about St. James's and Sohoe-Fields where it has received such Additions of beautiful Buildings as by themselves would make a brave City So that now London for fair and stately Edifices uniform and Regular buildings and other publick Structures does not only excel its former State but all things considered may outvie the most Magnificent Cities of the Universe as shall be Demonstrated more particularly As to the number of Inhabitants when London was by more than a fourth part less than it is now there were computed to be eaten 67500 Beefs yearly there ten times as many Sheep that is 675000 besides abundance of Calves Lamb Swine all sorts of Poultry Foul Fish Roots Milk c. And that every year to supply the City with Coals there is brought into the River about 300000 Chaldrons every Chaldron being 36 Bushels The Bills of Mortality in times of no Infection do yearly amount to 20000 and odd which is three times more than Amsterdam and equal to if not beyond Paris as by the Bills themselves may be seen In the year 1667. when the greatest part of the City lay in Ashes within the Walls and much without and consequently many of the Inhabitants forced to retire into the Countrey for Habitation according to exact computation there were brewed that year in London 452563 Barrels of Beer 580421 Barrels of Ale and 489797 Barrels of Table-Beer or Small Beer The Strong Beer 36 gallons to the Barrel sold at 12 s. 6 d. the Small Beer also 36 gallons to the Barrel sold at 6 s. 6 d. the Ale 32 gallons to the Barrel sold at 16 s. But now there is a vast greater quantity besides abundance of Spanish French and Rhenish Wines Cyder and other Liquors consumed The Excise of Beer and Ale though very moderate is or has lately been Farmed of the King at above 120000 l. a year Parish Churches besides Chappels there are in all 132 which is twice more then any City in Christendom hath which leads us to take a View of the Publick Structures which for methods sake shall be described in this order NEW-GATE LUD-GATE CRIPPLE-GATE ALDERS-GATE WESTMINSTER ABBY 25 PARLAMENT HOVSâ— THE MON VMENT St MARY OVERIEâ—S CHVRCH BOW STEEPLE BISHOPS-GATE MOORE-GATE THE TOWER ALD-GATE 1. The Walls Towers Gates c. 2. Churches and Monuments 3. Hospitals and Work-Houses 4. Palaces and the Houses of the Nobility 5. Exchanges and Publick Halls 6. Colledge and Inns of Court 7. Bridges and the New River 8. Markets SECT I. Of its Walls Gates Towers c. SImâ—on of Durham the Ancient Writer tells us That London was first encompassed with Walls by Constantine the Great at the Request of his Mother Helena about the year 399. or according to Stow 306. Which Wall being of rough Stone and Brittish Brick was in compass three miles inclosing the Model of the City almost in the form of a Bow on the Land-side except Denting in betwixt Cripplegate and Aldersgate but on the South-side it was as the String of a Bow furnished with Towers and Bulwarks at due distances The City is of greater length from East to West then from North to South That part of the Wall which stood on the Thames side is by the continual flowing and washing of the River fallen down and decayed yet there appeared some remains thereof in Henry the Second's time Fitz-Stephens who then lived says That London was ab Austro-muraâ—aâ— Turrita that is Walled and Towered on the South but that in Tract of Time the River Thames destroyed it Mr. Stow in his Survey tells us That the City being destroyed by the Danes Anno 839. was repaired by Alfred King of the West Saxons Anno 886. after it had lain waste 47 years Anno 1215. the sixth of King John the Barons entred the City by Aldgate plundered the Jews repaired the Walls with the Stones of their Houses Anno 1257. Henry the Third caused the decayed Walls to be repaired at the common charge of the City Anno 1282. Edward the First giving Licence to enlarge the Black Fryars Church and to break down a part of the Wall between Ludgate and the River Thames he gave certain Customs to the Mayor and Citizens to build a Wall from Ludgate West to Fleet-Bridge and so behind the Houses by the Fleet-Water now the New-Channel to the River In the year 1310. Edward the Second commanded the Citizens to finish the Wall already begun and the Tower at the end of it within the Water of the River Thames near Black-Fryars Anno 1322. being the second of Edward the Third the Walls were again repaired It was also granted by King Richard the Second in the tenth year of his Reign That a Toll should be taken of the Wares sold by Land or
tres plus compleverat annis Nam tribus octensis Regia Sceptra tulit Quindecies Domini centenus fluxerat annus Currebat nonus cum venit atra Dies Septima termensis lux tunc fulgebat Aprilis Cum Clausit summam tanta Corona Diem Nulla Dedere prius tantum tibi saecula Regem Anglia vix similem posteriora Dabunt This Church is famous for the Monuments and Tombs of our Kings Queens Nobility and other eminent Men as Sebert the first Christian King of the Eastâ— Saxons Harold the Bastard Son of Canutus the Dane King of England King Edward the Confessor and his Queen Edith Maud Wife to King Henry the First the Daughter of Malcolm King of Scots Henry the 3. and his Son King Edward the 1. with Eleanor his Wife daughter to Ferdinando the first King of Castile and Leon. King Edward the 3. and Philippa of Henault his Wife King Henry the 5. with Katherine his Wife Daughter to King Charles the 6. of France Anne Wife to King Richard 3. Daughter to Richard Nevil Earl of Warwick King Henry the 7. with his Wife Elizabeth Daughter to King Edward the 4. and his Mother Margaret Countess of Richmond King Edward the sixth that most Religious and truly Vertuous Prince who lyeth under the Brass richly Gilded Altar most curiously wrought with Excellent Workmanship Anne of Cleave the 4 th Wife of King Henry the Eight Queen Mary and the Renowned Queen Elizabeth upon the Remove of whose Body from Richmond where She Dyed to White-Hall by Water these Lines were Written which may for their Elegancy and in Remembrance of that most Illustrious Protestant Queen be inserted The Queen was brought by Water to White-Hall At every stroake the Oars their tears let fall More clung about the Barge Fish under water Wept out their Eyes of Pearl swam blindly after I think the Barge-men might with easier Thighs Have row'd her thither in her Peoples Eyes For howsoe'er thus much my thoughts have scann'd Sh 'ad come by Water had she come by Land Prince Henry eldest Son of King James the First Monarch of Great Britain King James Himself and Queen Ann his Wife and the first Male born of King Charles the First dying an Infant Of Dukes and Earls and Lords Degree Edmund Earl of Lancaster second Son of King Henry the Third and his Lady Aveline de fortibus Countess of Albemarle William and Andomar of Valente of the Family of Lusignian Earls of Pembrooke Alphonsus John and other Children of King Edward the first John of Eltham Earl of Cornwall Son to King Edward the Second Thomas of Woodstock Duke of Glocester the youngest Son of Edward the Third with other of his Children Eleanor Daughter and Heir of Humphry Bâ—hun Earl of Hereford and of Essex Wife to Thomas of Woodstock The young Daughter of Edward the Fourth And King Henry the Seventh Henry a Child of two months old Son of King Henry the Eighth Sâ—phia the Daughter of King James who died as it were in the first Day-dawning of her Age. Philippa Mohun Dutchess of York Robert of Henault in right of his Wife Lord Bourchier Ann the young Daughter and Heir of John Mowbraâ— Duke of Norfolk promised in Marriage unto Richard Duke of York younger Son to King Edward the Fourth Sir Giles Dawbny Lord Chamberlain to King Henry the Seventh and his Wife of the House of the Arundels in Cornwall John Viscount Wells Frances Brandon Dutchess of Suffolk Mary her Daughter Margaret Douglas Countess of Lenex Grandmother to James King of Great Britain with Charles her Son Winefrid Bruges Marchioness of Winchester Ann Stanhope Dutchess of Somerset and Jane her Daughter Ann Cecil Countess of Oxford Daughter to the Lord Burleigh Lord High-Treasurer of England with Mildred Burghley her Mother Elizabeth Berkly Countess of Ormond Frances Sidney Countess of Sussex James Butler Viscount Thurles Son and Heir to the Earl of Ormond Besides these Humphry Lord Bourchier of Cornwall Sir Humphry Bourchier Son and Heir to the Lord Bourchier of Berners both slain at Barnetfield Sir Nicholas Carew Baron Powis Thomas Lord Wentworth Thomas Lord Wharton John Lord Russel Sir Thomas Bromley Lord Chancellor of England Douglas Howard Daughter and Heir General of Henry Viscount Howard of Bindon Wife to Sir Arthur Gorges Elizabeth Daughter and Heir of Edward Earl of Rutland Wife to William Cecil Sir John Puckering Lord-Keeper of the Great Seal of England Frances Howard Countess of Hartford Henry and George Cary the Father and Son Barons of Hunsdon both Lords Chamberlains to Queen Elizabeth The Heart of Ann Sophia the Daughter of Christopher Harley Count Beaumont Ambassador for the King of France in England bestowed within a small Gilt Urn over a Pyramid Sir Charles Blunt Earl of Devonshire Lord-Lieutenant-General of Ireland Geoffrey Chaucer the Prince of English Poets in his time Edmund Spencer an eminent Poet. William Cambden Clarencieux King of Arms. Causabon the Famous French Writer Michael Drayton c. Then there is George Villiers Duke Marquiss and Earl of Buckingham Favourite to King James and King Charles the First Also the Earl of Essex and several others Interr'd there during His present Majesties Absence from His Government There is also Interr'd George Duke of Albemarle Father to his Grace the present Duke whose Funerals were Solemnly performed the Thirtieth of April 1670. The Dutchess of Albemarle was also Interr'd in King Henry the Sevenths Chappel the twenty eighth of February 1669. in Westminster Church There is likewise Interr'd that Celebrated Poet Mr. Abraham Cowley under a Monument of Exquisite Curiosity at the Charges of his Grace the Noble Duke of Buckingham Having done with Westminster-Abby we shall give a Brief account of the other Churches Alphabetically as they were before the Fire And of such as are Re-built which are now far more Durable and Stately than before the Reader may expect an Account hereafter I. St. Albans Church in Woodstreet is of great Antiquity being Dedicated to St. Albans the first Martyr of England Another mark of Antiquity was to be seen in the manner of the turning the Arches in the Windows and heads of the Pillars There were also Roman Bricks found inlay'd here and there among the Stones of the Building it was Anno 1632. being wonderfully decay'd pull'd down in order to be Re-built In it were diverse Monuments which for brevity sake are omitted II. On the North side of the East end of Tower-street is the Parish-Church called All-hallows Barkin a very fair Church standing in a large Church-Yard on the North side whereof was built a fair Chappel by King Richard the first whose heart 't is said was buryed there under the high Altar This Chappel was Augmented by King Edward the first And a fraternity setled there by King Edward the fourth King Richard the third new Built it and founded therein a Colledge of Priests which was suppressed in the Year 1548. in the Second of Edward the sixth and the Ground made
repairs and charges in the Years 1623 1624 and 1625. which cost above Five hundred pound in the Year 1629. it was very richly and beautifully adorned all at the proper cost and charge of the Parish XLVIII The fair Parish Church of St. Margarets Lothbury in Coleman-Street Ward stands upon the Water-Course of Walbrooke which was Reedified Anno 1440. Robert Large gave to the Quire of that Church One hundred Shillings and Twenty pounds for Ornaments and to the Vaulting over the Water-course of Walbrook by the said Church for the inlarging thereof Two hundred marks This Church was repaired and richly beautified at the charge of the Parishioners Anno 1621. XLIX In Friday street in Breadstreet-Ward is the Parish Church of St. Margaret Moses so called of one Moses that was Founder or Newbuilder thereof It was Repaired and Beautified at the cost of the Parishioners Anno 1627 L. In the same Wardon Fishstreet-hill stands the Parish Church of St. Margarets New Fish-street which was a Proper Church but without any Monuments of Note LI. St. Margaret Pattens in Rood-lane Billings-gate Ward being much decayed was Repaired and Beautified at the charge of the Parishioners Anno. 1614. who from that year to 1632 expended 275 l. five s. 6 d. upon it LII St. Mary Abchurch standeth near unto the South-end of Abchurch-lane in Candleweek-street-Ward upon a rising ground and was a Fair Church with sundry Monuments in it It was Beautified and Repaired at the proper cost and charge of the Parishioners in the year of our Lord 1611. LIII In Alderman-bury-street is the Fair Parish Church of St. Mary Alderman-bury with a Church-Yard and Cloyster adjoyning in which Cloyster as Mr. Stow says was hanged and fastned a shank-bone of a man in length Twenty eight inches and a half of a size larger by three inches and a half than that in St. Laurence Jewry but not so hard this is Monstrous for it is more then after the proportion of Five shank bones of any Man now living amongst us The Church was repaired and beautified An. 1633. at the cost of the Parish LIV. Alder-Mary Church on the South-side of Budg-Row by the West corner thereof in Cordwainer-street-Ward is so called because older than any Church of St. Mary in the City Sir Henry Keble Grocer and Lord Mayor who deceased 1518 gave a 1000 l. by his Testament towards the Rebuilding it It was repaired and beautified by the Parish Anno 1632. LV. At the upper end of Hosier-lane toward West Cheap is the fair Parish-Church of St. Mary-le-Bow vulgarly Bow-Church This Church in the Reign of William the Conqueror being the first in this City builded on Arches of Stone was therefore called New Mary Church or St. Mary de Arcubus or le Bow in West Cheaping The Court of the Arches is kept in this Church and taketh Name of the place not the place of the Court 'T is in Cordwainer-street-Ward We read that anno 1090. the Third of William Rufus by tempest of Wind the Roof of this Church was overturned wherewith some persons were slain and Four of the Rafters of twenty six Foot in length were pitcht with such violence in the Ground of the high street that scarce four Foot of them remained above Ground which were fain to be cut even with the Ground because they could not be plucked out for the City of London was not then paved but a Moorish ground Anno 1271 a great part of the Church fell down and slew many people Men and Women John Rotham or Rodham by his Will Anno 1465 gave the Parish wanting room in their Church-Yard a certain Garden in Hosier-lane for burial of their Dead which so continued near a hundred Years but now is built up and converted to a private dwelling The old Steeple was Re-edified Anno 1469 so that it was ordained by a Common Councel that the Bow-Bell should be nightly Rung at Nine a Clock to maintain which viz. the Ringing of Bow-Bell John Denne Mercer by his Testament dated 1472 according to the trust of Reginald Langdon gave to the Parson and Wardens two Tenements with the Appurtenances since made into one in Hosier-lane This Church has been Re-built very gorgeously since the great fire and the Steeple finished with that Elegancy of rare Architecture height and curiosity that it excels any in Christendom of which more hereafter LVI On the South-side of Walbrook-Ward from Candlewick-street in the mid way betwixt London-stone and Wallbrook-corner is the proper Parish-Church called St. Mary Bothaw or Boathaw because adjoyning to an Haw or Yard wherein of old times Boats were made and Landed from Dowgate to be mended It was repaired and beautified at the Charge of the Parish in the Year of our Lord 1621. LVII The Parish-Church called St. Mary-Cole-Church in Cheap-Ward is so named of one Cole that Builded it upon a Vault above Ground so that Men were forced to ascend thereunto by certain steps It was repaired and beautified at the Parish charge Anno Feb. 1623. LVIII In St. Mary-Hill-lane is the fair Parish-Church of St. Mary on the Hill because of the ascent from Billingsgate In the Year 1322 Richâ—rd Hackney one of the Sheriffs of â—â—ondon was buryed there Stow. p. 227. and Alice his Wife as Robert Fabian writeth saying thus In the Year 1379 in the Month of April as Labourers digged for the Foundation of a Vault within the Church of St. Mary-Hill near unto Billingsgate they found a Coffin of Rotten Timber and therein the Corps of a Woman whole of skin and of bones undissevered and the joints of her Arms pliable without breaking of the skin upon whose Sepulchre this was ingraven Here lies the Bodies of Richard Hackney Fishmonger and Alice his Wife the which Richard was Sheriff in the 15 th of Edward II. viz. anno 1322. So that her Body was 175 years after she had been buried found uncorrupted It was kept above ground three or four days without Noyance but then it waxed unsavoury and was again buried This Church was repaired and beautified at the charge of the Parish Anno 1616. LIX In Milk-Street in Cripple-Gate-Ward stands the Parish-Church of St. Mary Magdalen in which were several Monuments amongst which one for Queen Elizabeth It was repaired and beautified at the charge of the Parish in the year 1619. LX. Over against the North-west end of Lambert-hill-lane in Knight-Riders-street is the Parish-Church of St. Mary Magdalen commonly called so with the addition of Old Fish-street It was repaired and beautified at the charge of the Parish Anno 1630. which came to 140 l. in this was a Monument of Queen Elizabeth it is in Castle-Baynard-Ward LXI The Parish-Church of St. Mary de Monte also commonly called St. Mary Mounthaw is situate on the West-side of Old Fish-street in Queen-hith-Ward It was built to be a Chapel of the House of the Mounthaunts and the Bishop of Hereford is Patron thereof It was in part new built and very much inlarged
West yea a considerable share of the richest Merchandizes of the World c. so that this Famous River may be said to be as it were the Radical Moysture of London and its best Friend which was hinted by the Lord Mayor to King James for the King being displeased because the City would not lend Him a Sum of Money told the Mayor and Aldermen that he would Remove His Court with all the Records of the Tower and the Courts of Westminster-Hall to another place with further expressions of that kind The Lord Mayor calmly heard all and at last Answered Your Majesty hath Power to do what You Please and Your City of London will obey accordingly but She humbly Desires that when Your Majesty shall remove Your Courts You would please to leave the Thames behind You. Besides the inestimable Benefit that this Noble River brings to the City and the Adjacent places by the easie conveyance of all Sorts of Goods and Merchandizes almost all the Fuel for Firing being also brought by it from Newcastle Scotland Kent Essex c. It supplies the City in very many places with excellent wholsom Water convey'd into all the Adjacent Houses by Water Engines of great cost and Artifice So much for the Thames The City of London is supply'd with pure Spring-Water from above Twenty Conduits so Commodiously placed that they serve all the Chiefest parts of the City And in all parts though on the highest Ground It is abundantly Served with Pump Water and those Pumps in many places hardly Six Foot deep in the Ground Of the New-River This Famous and never-to-be-forgotten Work brought by the Liberal Charge and Exquisite Skill of one Worthy Man Sir Hugh Middleton Knight and Baronet Citizen and Goldsmith of London deserves an everlasting Memorial Several Wells and Springs of sweet and fresh Water with which the City was served being Decayed sundry Projects were on Foot to supply that want but this Principal Device was found out by the aforesaid Gentleman and the Difficulties and vast Expence made it for some time to be retarded but Courage and a Resolution to promote the Publick Good prompted him on to the Atchievment which since hath proved happily Commodious and of infinite Utility to the whole City so that the brave Adventurer deserves a Statue to Eternize his Name and Transmit his Memory to keep it Fresh like his Waters to future Ages Now as Mr. Stow speaks very ingeniously if those Enemies to all Good Actions Danger Difficulty Detraction Contempt Scorn and Envy could have prevailed by their Malevolent Interposition either before at the beginning and in the very Birth of the Attempt and a good while after this work had never been accomplished Queen Elizabeth granted Power to the Citizens by Act of Parliament for Cutting and Conveying of a River from any part of Middlesex or Hartfordshire to the City of London with a Limitation of ten Years time for the performance thereof But She dyed before it was undertaken King James Granted the like but without limitation of time And when others would not undertake it Sir Hugh Middleton did with infinite Pains and vast Charge both begin and finish it He brought it from Amuel and Chadwel two Springs near Ware in Hartfordshire from whence in a turning and winding Course it Runs threescore Miles before it reaches the City At the North-side of the City at Islington he built a large Cistern to receive it and from thence it is dispersed in Pipes serving the highest parts of London in their lower Rooms and the Lower parts in their higher Rooms It was begun the 28 th of February Anno Dom. 1608 and finished in five Years It can hardly be imagined what difficulties and rubs there were in the way through which the Water was to pass some being Ozie Soft and Muddy other again as Hard Craggy and Stâ—ny in some places the Channel is Thirty Foot deep in other places it is carried over Valleys in open Troughs betwixt Hills which Troughs are supported by Wooden Arches some of them fixt in the Earth very deep and rising in Height above 23 Foot Over this New-River are made 800 Bridgs some of Stone some of Brick and some of Wood and six hundred Men have been at once imployed in this Great Work The River being brought to the said Great Cistern the Water was not let in till Michaelmas Day Anno 1613. Sir John Swinnerton then Lord Mayor and Sir Thomas Middleton Brother to the said Sir Hugh being Elected Lord Mayor for the Ensuing Year In the Afternoon Sir John Swinnerton and Sir Thomas Middleton with Sir Henry Mountague the Recorder of London and many of the Worthy Aldermen Rode in a Solemn manner to see the Great Cistern and first Issuing of the strange River thereunto which was then made Free Denizen of London and the Solemnity was thus A Troop of Labourers of the Number of Sixty or more well Apparrelled and wearing Green Monmoth Caps after the Brittish manner all alike carried Spades Shovels Pickaxes and such like Instruments of Laborious Employment and marching after Drums twice or thrice about the Cistern presented themselves before the Mount where the Lord Mayor and the Aldermen were with a Worthy Company besides and one Man in the behalf of the rest delivered a handsom Speech in Verse at the Conclusion of which the Flood-Gates flew open and the Stream ran Cheerfully into the Cistern the Drums Beating and Trumpets Sounding in Triumphant manner and a Gallant Peal of Chambers gave a Period to the Entertainment Upon which brave Man these Lines were made Ad Hugonem Middleton Equitem Aurat um De stupenda hac aquarum opera Compita qui fluvium per Londinensia Duxti Vt jam quisque suis vicus abundet aquis Non Aganippe tuas satis est depromere laudes Haec scaturigo novae quam tibi fundit aquae Before we leave this Head although it is noâ— necessary to give a particular Account of every Conduit whereof there are many in and about the City as was said and one now a Rearing in the place of the Old Conduit at the West end of Cheapâ— side which is intended to be a Stately one and beseeming the Magnificence of the City and that Gallant Street where it is to be Erected c. Yeâ— that neatly-wrought Conduit in Stocks-Market aâ— the West end of Lumbard-street is not to be omitted whereupon is placed a very Magnificent Statue of KING CHARLES the II. on Horseback Trampling upon an Enemy all in Excellent White-Marble at the Sole Cost and Charges of Sir Robert Viner who was Lord Mayor of London in the Year 1675. There is likewise a very Magnificent Statue of King CHARLES the I. on Horse-back all ofâ— Solid Brass at Charing-Cross the Figures of both which are here Exhibited THE K. AT THE STOCKs MARKET THE K. AT CHARING CROSs CHAP. IV. Of the Government of London IN this Chapter we shall briefly Treat of the Government of this Renowned City
remarkable for their Industry and great Integrity who have a continual attendance incumbent on them from Morning to Night and who discharge the Duty of their Places with a very clear Reputation And Maugre all the Malice and Envy that has many times been making attempts upon them their honesty has verified the Proverb proved the best Policy to defend them from all their open and secret Enemies There is also Five Deputy Searchers under the Commissioners or Farmers for the time being who do assist the Five Undersearchers in Shipping goods and doing other business by Bills and Copies of the Original Warrants which are by Law directed to the King's Searchers These Deputies because there is no Fee due to them have 80 l. per annum Sallary but are no Patent Officers Surveyors Mr. Daniel Ford. Thomas Fownes Tho. Cooke Hew Cheely Sallary 150 l. per annum Six Tyde Surveyors Mr. Simon Tomlins Jones Tombes Steph. Chusman Edm. Clark Sumpter Sallary 80 l. per annum 19 Kings-Waters Sallary to each 80 l. 40 Land-Waiters Sallary to each 80 l. 80 Tyde-Waiters in Fee 5 l. per annum and 2 s. 6 d. per Day 50 Ditto Extraordinary no Sallary 2 s. 6 d. per Day There are many other Officers as Richard Kent Esq Receiver-General of the Revenue of the Customs Giles Lidcot Esq Accomptant-General there is a Customer of Cloath and petty Customs Fee 277 l. Two Customers of the great Customs Sallary 50 l. Comptroller of the Cloath and petty Customs Fee 30 l. Register of the Seizures Sallary 106 l. Surveyor of the Out-Ports Sallary 250 l. A Secretary Ware-house-keeper Surveyor of the Ware-house c. Besides there are several persons Commissioned to Seize Goods uncustomed either inward or outward bound There are also Noontenders Watchmen and several inferiour Officers Note that the due perquisites belonging to these Officers are very considerable and to some are much more than their Respective Sallaries Of Docks THese Docks or Harbours are cut into the Land without further Current and are useful for the convenient lying of Vessels Hoys Lighters Barges Boats c. in order to the convenient Delivery of Provision as Victual Fuel c. to the adjacent Inhabitants They are in number very many Some of the chief are Scotland-Dock adjoyning to White-Hall White-Fryars-Dock Puddle-Dock at the west-West-end of Thames-street Queen-Hith-Dock a place of much Trade for ground Corn or Meal which is brought out of the West Country thither in great Quantities Billingsgate-Dock a place of great Trade and where ships of considerable Burthen may Harbour Sabbs-Dock Tower-Dock St. Katharines-Dock Hermitage-Dock Execution-Dock which though it be of later years fitted up retains to this day the former name which it received because it was the only place for Executing Pyrats and Sea-Robberts which is usually done by Hanging them on a Gibbet erected at Low-water-mark Limehouse-Dock And on the South-shore are Clink-Dock and St. Saviours-Dock There are besides these many Docks for private use as for repairing of Ships and Vessels which we omit Under this head of TRADE and in this place it may not be improper to give a Brief Account of the Porters of London who are not incorporate Companies but Brotherhoods whose Original and Government are by Acts of Common-Councel They are of two sorts 1. Ticket-Porters who do take up weigh load and ouse all Merchants Goods as Cloath Fruit Sugars Oyls Wines Mettals c. and have to their Governour Sir Thomas Allen These are very numerous their Quarteridge is 4 d. each 2. Fellowship Porters To these belong the shoring or landing housing carrying or recarrying all measurable Goods as Corn Salt Coals c. Their chief Governour is the Alderman of Billingsgate Ward who is at present Sir John Peak These are in Number about 700 and their Quarterige is 12 d. each These and the former have very good Government and Orders among themselves and before any is admitted to that Employ among them they pay a Fine The Ticket-Porters give good security for their Honesty and Fidelity so that no more need be done but to take notice of his Name which is sâ—ampt on his Ticket that hangs at his Girdle and repairing to their Governor satisfaction may be had for any wrong or mis-behaviour c. There is a very remarkable Custom among the Fellowship Porters as an Ingenious person that belongs to their Society informed me which is thus The next Sunday after every Midsummer-day they have a Sermon preached to them so order'd by an Act of Common-Councel in the Parish-Church of St. Mary-On-the-Hill preparative to which this Order is observed they furnish the Merchants and their Families about Billings-gate with Nosegâ—ys or Posies over-night and in the morning they go from their Common-Hall or place of Meeting in good Order each having a Posie or Nosegay in his hand They walk through the middle Isse to the Communion-Table where are two Basons and every one offers something to the Relief of the Poor and towards the Charges of the Day After they have all past the Deputy the Merchants their Wives Children and Servants do all come in Order from their Seats and bestow their Offerings also which is a Ceremony of much variety I am certainly informed that the very charges of their Nosegays cost them in one year not long ago near 20 l. Coal-Market AT the head of Billingsgate-Dock is a square Plot of ground compassed with Posts known by the Name of Roomland which with the Adjacent part of the street hath been the usual place where the Ship-Masters Coal-Merchants Woodmongers Lightermen and Labourers do meet every Morning in order to the Buying Selling Delivering and taking up of Sea-Coals and Scotch-Coals as the principal Market This Coal-Market was kept on Great Tower-hill in the time of the Cities late Desolation Corn-Market UPon Bear-key between Sabs-Dock and Porters-key is the usual place or Chief Market for Corn which is bought and sold there every day but principally Mondays Wednesdays and Frydays which are the Market-days where great Quantities of all kind of Grain are bought and sold by small Examples commonly called Samples whether it be lying in Granaries or Ships and it viz. Bear-key is the principal place where the Kentish and Essex Corn-Vessels do lie Fish-Market THe Fresh Fish-Market is kept at Billings-Gate Mondays Wednesdays and Frydays Of the Navy-Office where the whole Business concerning the King's Ships of War is managed FIrst there is the Treasure of the Navy his Office is to receive out of the Exchequer by Warrant from the Lord Treasurer of England and to pay all Charges of the Navy by Warrant from the principal Officers of the Navy for which he had formerly Sallary 220 l. 13. s. 4 d. besides 3 d. in the pound for all Money paid by him but hath now an honourable allowance certain from His Majesty in lieâ— thereof Next the Comptroller of the Navy whose Office to attend and Controll all payments of Wages to know the Market-Rates of