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end_n	east_n	mile_n	west_n	1,748	5	9.4550	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A10231	Purchas his pilgrimage. Or Relations of the vvorld and the religions obserued in all ages and places discouered, from the Creation vnto this present Contayning a theologicall and geographicall historie of Asia, Africa, and America, with the ilands adiacent. Declaring the ancient religions before the Floud ... The fourth edition, much enlarged with additions, and illustrated with mappes through the whole worke; and three whole treatises annexed, one of Russia and other northeasterne regions by Sr. Ierome Horsey; the second of the Gulfe of Bengala by Master William Methold; the third of the Saracenicall empire, translated out of Arabike by T. Erpenius. By Samuel Purchas, parson of St. Martins by Ludgate, London.	Purchas, Samuel, 1577?-1626.; Makīn, Jirjis ibn al-ʻAmīd, 1205-1273. Taŕikh al-Muslimin. English.; Methold, William, 1590-1653.; Horsey, Jerome, Sir, d. 1626.	1626 (1626)	STC 20508.5; ESTC S111832	2,067,390	1,140

the care of his brother his two sonnes which slaying the eldest making himselfe King by his tyrannies caused diuers of the Iauan Nobilitie to forsake their Country Amongst the rest Paramisora fled to Cingapura who with his many followers was entertained kindly by Sangesinga whom not long after he vngratefully slew and by the helpe of his Iauans possessed himselfe of the state The King of Siam whose tributary and son-in-law Sangesinga had bin forced him to leaue his ill gotten throne and to seek new habitation one hundred and fortie miles thence where he settled himselfe at the riuer Muar with two thousand followers some of which were called Cellati men that liued on the Sea by fishing and pyracie these he would not receiue into his new fortresse of Pago as not well trusting them though before they had made him lord of Cingapura These therefore seated themselues fifteene miles from Muar in the place neere which Malaca now standeth ioyning with the Natiues halfe Sauages whose language is called Malayan The place growing strait they remoued three miles vp the riuer where was a Hill called Beitan with a large plaine the commodiousnesse whereof inuited Paramisora to leaue Pago and to ioyne with them in this new foundation which was after called Malaca signifying a banished man in remembrance of this Iauans exile In succeeding times the merchandize and Merchants too remoued from Cingapura to Malaca Saquem Darsa then succeeding his father Paramisora who subiected himselfe as vassal to the King of Siam which assigned to his obedience all the Country from Cingapura on the East to Pulo Zambilan which is to the West of Malaca one hundred and twentie miles all which space of coast is two hundred seuentie miles by Sea The Monsons or winds in these parts continue West and Northwest from the end of August to the end of October Nouember begins Northerly winds and Northeasterly which blow till the beginning of April From May till the end of August the South and Southwest beare sway according to which the Mariner must direct his course and take his proper season The situation of Malaca is vnwholsome by reason of the marishes and neerenesse to the line little aboue two degrees to the North else it would haue bin the most populous Citie in the Indies The successors of Saquen Darsa by little and little eased their shoulders of the Siam subiection especially after the Moores Persians and Guzurats had conuerted them to Mahomets sect and at last vsurped absolute Souereigntie But the King of Siam nine yeeres before the Portugall conquest sent a Fleet of two hundred saile and therein sixe thousand men against Mahumet King of Malaca the General of which Fleet was Poioan his Vice-roy of Lugor to whom the Gouernours of Patane Calantan Pan and other Coast-cities were to pay their tributes for the King of Siam From Lugor to Malaca is six hundred miles saile alongst the coast much subiect to tempestuous weather which diuided this Fleet some of which fell into Mahumets hand by treachery to the ouerthrow of the rest The Siamite in reuenge prepared a great Armie by Land and Armada by Sea foure hundred Elephants and thirtie thousand men but without expected euent by the insolencie of some of his Souldiers in Rapes and Robberies which raised the Country against them whiles Poioan was in the siege of Pan or Pam another Citie in rebellion The King of Siam further enraged sent two Armadas one by the way of Calantan the other by the way of Tenaz-zary one on the East side the other on the West of this long tract of land but before Mahumet could be punished by the Siamite the Portugall had preuailed against him King Emanuel had sent Diego Lopes de Sequeira from Lisbone Anno 1508. who came the next yeere to Malaca and there vnder faire colours of traffique Himselfe and his whole Fleet were in danger of betraying and murthering by this perfidious King and his Bendara or chiefe Iustice This ruled all cases Ciuill the Lacsamaua or Admirall all Marine and the Tamungo or Treasurer all the Reuenue and these three the whole gouernment which treachery in the yeere 1511. was requited by Albuquerke who by his proper valour and wonted Fortunes with secret intelligence amongst the Malayans conquered the Citie expelled the King who in few dayes vomited His soule after this pill and built there a Fortresse and a Church establishing the Portugall Lawes but so as both the Ethnikes and the Moores had their owne Magistrates appeale reserued to the highest The most remarkable things in this exploit were the Chaine which one Naodobeguea one of the principall conspirers against Sequeira now encountred in a Sea-fight by Albuquerke in his voyage to Malaca ware on his arme with a bone of a Iauan beast called Cabal therein by vertue whereof notwithstanding many and wide wounds he lost not one drop of blood till that Chaine being taken off his veines suddenly and at once emptied themselues of blood and life the store of artillery of which they tooke three thousand Peeces of eight thousand which the Portugals affirmed had beene there their venomed Arrowes and Calthrops strowed in the way the poyson whereof once touching the blood made them mad with other symptomes as in the biting of a mad dog which they learned after to heale by chewing the leafe of a certaine hearbe growing in the Countrey the vndermining the street of the Citie to blow it vp together with the Portugals the disaduantage of the fight with Elephants which being here enraged with wounds would not be ruled but brake the ranks of their owne side the treacherie of this people first to the Portugals then to their King after that to the Portugals againe the prey and spolle besides all that the King and they which fled carried away and all the Gold Siluer prouision of warre and concealements excepted amounted to two hundred thousand duckets for the Kings due which was the fifth part Alodinus the sonne of King Mahomet busily bestirred himselfe but in vaine to recouer his lost Patrimonie neither the I le Bintam which he fortified as he did also Pagus nor force nor fraud being able to defend him from his fathers fates and fortunes The Moores haue enuyed this successe to the Portugals and often haue attempted to depriue them of Malaca The Hollanders also vnder Cornelius Mateliuius Anno 1608. laid siege thereto whiles the Portugall was seeking new conquests at Achen who in their returne might easily haue defeated them had they not beene unadvised in too long aduising When the Portugals went to Malaca the King of Pans marriage with the daughter of Mahomet was to bee solemnized a banquetting house of timber couered with silke sumptuously prepared to this purpose on thirtie wheeles to be drawne with Elephants the Principals of the Citie being therein But this Kings affection was soone cooled by these disasters From Cingapura to Pulo Cambilan there is no other habitation of any

Cherosonesus or Peninsula which containeth besides that the Regions of Pontus Bithynia Lycia Galatia Pamphilia Paphlagonia Cappadocia Cilicia and Armenia Minor It was bounded on the East with Euphrates now Frat on the South with the Mediterranean Sea on the West with the Archipelago on the North with the Black-Sea stretching in length from 51. to 72. degrees of Longitude and in breadth from 36. ½ to 45. This Countrey hath beene anciently renowned for Armes and Arts now the graue of the carkasses or some ruinous bones rather and stonie Reliques of the carkasses of more then foure thousand Places and Cities sometimes inhabited Many changes hath it sustained by the Egyptian Persian Macedonian Roman Tartarian and Turkish generall Conquests besides such exploits as Croesus and Mithridates of old the Saracens and the Westerne Christians of later times haue therein atchieued Let the studious of these things search them in their proper Authors our taske is Religion whose ouer-worne and almost out-worne steps with much curious hunting in many Histories wee haue thus weakely traced Of the Turkes we haue alreadie spoken and we leaue the larger Relations of the Christians for why should wee mixe Light with Darknesse to their proper place For euen yet besides the Armenians there remaine many Christians of the Greek Church in Cappadocia and other parts of this Region HONDIVS his Map of ASIA MINOR NATOLIA Next vnto those parts of Syria before deliuered are situate in this lesser Asia Cilicia Armenia Minor and Cappadocia CAPPADOCIA called also Leucosyria and now Amasia stretcheth foure hundred and fiftie miles along the Euxine Sea bounded on the West with Paphlagonia Galatia and part of Pamphylia on the South with Cilicia on the East with the Hills Antitaurus and Moschius and part of Euphrates Heere runneth Halys the end of Croesus Empire both in the site and fate thereof the doubtfull Oracle here giuing him a certaine ouerthrow For when hee consulted with the same touching his Expedition against Cyrus he receiued answer That passing Halys hee should ouer-turne a great State which he interpreting actiuely of his attempts against Cyrus verified it passiuely in himselfe And here besides other streames slideth Thermodon sometime made famous by the bordering Amazons Of which manly Foeminine people ancient Authors disagree Theophrastus deriuing them from the Sauromatae Salust fetching them from Tanais P. Diaconus describing them in Germany Trogus and Iustine reporting them Scythians Diodorus crossing the Seas to finde them in Lybia and thence also in a further search passing into an Iland in the Atlantike Ocean Ptolomey and Curtius placing them neerer the Caspian Sea Strabo doubting whether there euer had beene such a people or no. Some haue found them out a-new in the new World naming that huge Riuer of them Goropius confidently auouched them to bee the Wiues and Sonnes of the Sarmatians or Cimbrians who together with their Husbands inuaded Asia And this hee proueth by Dutch Etymologies and other coniectures Which if it be true sheweth that their Religion was the same with the Scythian They are said to haue worshipped Mars of whom they faine themselues to be descended Religion it were to speake of their Religion of whose being wee haue no better certaintie Strabo writeth That in the places ascribed to the Amazons Apollo was exceedingly worshipped In Cappadocia was seated the Citie Comana wherein was a Temple of Bellona and a great multitude of such as were there inspired and rauished by deuilish illusion and of sacred Seruants It was inhabited by the people called Cataones who being subiect to a King did neuerthelesse obey the Priest that was in great part Lord of the Temple and of the Sacred Seruants whose number when Strabo was there amounted to sixe thousand and vpwards of men and women The Priest receiued the reuenue of the Region next adioyning to the Temple and was in honour next to the King in Cappadocia and commonly of the same kindred These Idolatrous Rites are supposed to haue beene brought hither out of Taurica Scythia by Orestes and his sister Iphigenia where humane Sacrifices were offered to Diana Here at the solemne Feasts of Bellona those Sacred Seruants before mentioned called Comani wounded each other in an extaticall furie bloudy Rites fitting Bellona's solemnities Argaeus whose hoary head was couered continually with snow was reputed a religious Hill and habitation of some God Strabo reporteth of the Temple of Apollo Catanius in Dastacum and of another of Iupiter in Morimena which had three thousand of those Sacred Seruants or Religious Votaries which as an inferiour Order were at the command of the Priest who receiued of his Temples reuenue fifteene Talents and was reputed in the next ranke of honour to the Priest of Comana Not farre hence is Castabala where the Temple of Diana Persica where the sacred or deuoted women were reported to goe bare-footed on burning coles without harme It is reported that if a Snake did bite a Cappadocian the mans bloud was poyson to the Snake and killed him Many excellent Worthies hath this Region yeelded to the world Mazaca afterwards of Claudius called Caesarea was the Episcopall Seat of Great Basil Cucusum the Receptacle of exiled Chrysostome Amasia now a Prouinciall Citie of the Turkish Beglerbegs sometime the Countrey of Strabo to whom these our Relations are so much indebted Nissa and Nazianaum of which the two Gregories receiued their surnames But that Humane and Diuine learning is now trampled vnder the barbarous foot of the Ottoman-horse Here is Trapezonde also whilome bearing the proud name of an Empire Licaonia the chiefe Citie whereof is Iconium celebrated in holy Writ and a long time the Royall Seat of the first Turkes in Asia and since of Caramania now Conia or Cogne inhabited with Greekes Turkes Iewes Arabians and Armenians is of Ptolomey adioyned to Cappadocia And so is Diopolis called before Cabira since Augusta which Ortelius placeth in the lesser Armenia In Diopolis was the Temple of the Moone had in great veneration much like in the Rites thereof to that before mentioned of Comana which although it bare the surname of Cappadocia yet Ptolomey placeth it in this Armenia and Comana Pontica in Cappadocia of the same name and superstitious deuotion to the same Goddesse Thence haue they taken the patterne of their Temple of their Rites Ceremonies Diuinations respect to their Priests And twice a yeere in the Feasts which were called The Goddesse her going out the Priest ware a Diademe He was second to none but the King which Priest-hood was holden of some of Strabo's progenitors Pompey bestowed the Priest-hood of this Temple vpon Archelaus and added to the temples reuenue two Schoeni that is threescore furlongs of ground commanding the inhabitants to yeeld him obedience Hee had also power ouer the Sacred Seruants which were no lesse then sixe thousand Lycomedes after inioyed that Prelacie with foure Schoeni of land added thereto

flat hearth against a wall and there they toaste their meate rather then roast it The decency of their streets in commendable for when you are in the centre of the City your eye reacheth almost to the extreamest parts thereof They haue no want of water The City hath its name from a great standing Lake at the West end of it vpon which there are cōmonly diuers sorts of fresh water-fowles The haggard Falcons doe euery euening flye vpon this Lake and the Negros with slings beate them which is the noblest sport of that kind in the world for the stoopings are many and at one time and the Hawkes the strongest and best mettalled of all other of a greater kind then the Barbary Falcons The Viceroy being one euening to see this naturall sport and he demanding of me what I thought thereof and I iustly commending the strength and mettall of the Hawkes assured me vpon his honour that a Falcon bred in that Iland which hee had formerly sent to the Duke of Lermo did at one flight except she rested vpon ships by the way passe from Andaluzia to Tenariff which is 250. Spanish leagues and was there taken vp halfe dead with the Dukes Varuels on And the time from her going out to her being taken vp exceeded not sixteene houres c. But I dare not dwell any longer with this industrious Gentleman in these Canaries and had need borrow the wings of one of these Hawkes to make a swift flight to some other African Ilands where next you shall find vs within the Mediterranean §. IIII. Of Malta and the Nauigations about Africa WIthin the Straits are no great Ilands belonging to Africa Pennon or the Rock against Velles de Gumera the I le of Gerbi some others Malta is the most famous where in old time was the Temple of Iuno spoyled by Verres supposed to be that Melita where Paul suffered shipwrack although there be another Melita in the Adriatike Sea neere to Dalmatia Polybius calleth it Melytusa as Volaterranus writeth Ptolomie and Cicero name Melita now called Malta in this I le of Malta This Malta is distant from Sicilia 60. miles from Africa 190. It hath bin sometime subiect to the Carthaginians as may appeare by diuers Monuments with Inscriptions of Carthaginian Letters and the Ilanders it our Authour say truely can vnderstand that Scene in Plautus before mentioned Eloi Effetcha Cumi words vsed in Scripture are likewise vsed in the Maltese Their manner of life is Sicilian But we may not dwell here Some ascribe Pauls shipwracke to Melita in the Adriatike neere to Dalmatia whom Beza learnedly confuteth : and prooueth it to bee that Malta which now the Knights hold against the Turke whose valour and successe in resisting that mighty Turkish Aduersary Curio and Io. Antonius Viperanus in their Bookes of that Argument Knolles in his Turkish History Ri. Carre and others relate at large It was An. 1565. That which deceiueth those Men in Malta is the name of the Adriatike Sea which now is giuen to the gulfe of Venice but then as Beza Aretius shew out of Strabo l. 3. was giuen to the Ionian Sea also and further Southwards where Mal a standeth and Ortelius out or Ouid and others proueth the same as doth also that Epitome of all Learning Io. Scaliger That learned Gentleman M. Sandys in the fourth Book of his Iournall hath largely related of this Iland It contayneth after his description sixty miles in circuit a Countrey altogether champaine being no other then a Rock couered ouer with earth but two foot where deepest hauing few trees but such as beare fruit whereof all sorts plentifully so that their wood they haue from Sicilia Yet there is a great Thistle which together with Cow-dung serues the Countrey people for fewell the lesse needfull by the immoderate heate there exceeding far any other seated in the same parallel yet sometimes tempered by the winds to which it lies open Riuers here are none but sundry Fountaynes The soyle produceth no graine but Barley bread made of it and Oliues is the Villagers ordinary dyet and with the straw they sustayne their Cattle Commin-seed Annis-seed and Hony they haue here in abundance and an indifferent quantity of the best Cotton Wooll The Inhabitants dye more by Age then Diseases and heretofore were reputed fortunate for their excellency in Arts curious weauing This Iland was giuen by Charles the Fift to the Knights Hospitalers after their losse of Rhodes whose first seat was the Hospitall of S. Iohn in Ierusalem built by one Gerard at such time as the Holy Land became famous by the successeful expeditions of the Christians whose rites are recorded by many Authors but by vs to be reserued for another taske There are sixty Villages in the Iland vnder the command of ten Captaines and foure Cities Old Malta supposed the worke of the Phoenicians is seated on a Hill in the mids of the Iland kept with a Garrison though of small importance In it is a Grot of great veneration because they suppose that Paul lay there after his shipwracke The other three Cities if they may so bee termed are about eight miles distant and not much without a Musket shot each of other neere the East end and on the North side of the Iland where there is a double Hauen diuided by a tongue of a Rock On the top of this tongue stands the Castle of S. Hermes after 20000. shot and the losse of 10000. liues taken by the Turks But so could they not that of S. Angelo which onely Burgo escaped their fury in that their siege After their departure when the Knights had thought to haue abandoned the Iland by the helps of the Pope Florentine and especially the Spaniard they were furnished with prouisions for new fortifications and added a new strong City called Valetta in honour of him that then was their Great Master Iohn de Valetta The Great Masters Palace is a princely structure the market place spacious the Church of S. Paul magnificent as that also of S. Iohn the houses vniforme of free stone two stories flat roofed S. Iohns Hospitall giues entertaynment to all that fall sick the attendants many the beds ouer-spred with faire Canopies euery fortnight hauing change of linnen serued by the Iunior Knights in siluer and euery Friday by the Great Master accompanied with the great Crosses a seruice whereto they are obliged as their name of Hospitular Knights also importeth It is victualled for three yeeres supplied from Siçilia The Iland hath not of liuing soules aboue 20000. Their expeditions are vsually but for booties The people almost as tawny as Moores the heat makes them sleep at noone These Votaries haue store of Curtizans for the most part Greeks which sit playing in their doores on Instruments by their eyes bewitching vnstable soules their vow rather prohibiting if the practice interpret Mariage then incontinencie

place where the Turke hath his Arsenal and Gallies for those Seas the matter whereof is brought out of Caramania by Sea by Nilus and by Camels ouer Land the rest of the way at incredible charges Here in old times was a Channell which conueyed the waters of Nilus to this place where they had Cisternes to receiue it all destroyed by the Mahumetans and now the Inhabitants fetch the water which they vse six miles off Some thinke that Pharaoh was here drowned which passage others set downe at Tor where the Sea is straitned and is not aboue nine miles ouer It seemeth that the prints of the Chariot-wheeles which Orosius affirmeth still remayned as testimonies of Pharaohs ouerwhelming vnder those waues and could not by any industrie of man be done out but by the mightie hand of God were soone restored in the same forme are not now there to bee found for they would soone end the controuersie Asion Gaber was a Port hereabouts whence Salomon sent his Nauie to Ophir and after him Iehoshaphat but not with like successe which Iosephus saith was Berenice not farre from Elana Hierome calls it Essia Doctor Dee writes that Ezion Geber was neere Eloth or Elana or Iltor the East end of the Bay the other which some call Suez is higher Bernice was the Port of the Red Sea where the Indian drugs and spices in the time of the Roman Empire were vnladen and landed to be carried thence to Alexandria the whole course whereof Plinie describeth Agatharchides reckoning diuers Etymologies of the Erythraean title liketh best of that which ascribes it to one Erythras who first built a ship to saile in those Seas altogether disallowing that it should be so called of the colour Hee hath written strange things of the people adioyning Hee nameth foure sorts of Ethiopians according to their dwelling neere the Riuers or Lakes or Sea-coast or wandring Those on the Sea-coast he saith liue altogether on fish which the Tide brings vp and leaues on the hollow places or plashes neere the shore which they cast vpon hot Rocks which cause the fishie substance to fall from the bones this they treade with their feet mixing the seede of Paliurus and then make cakes thereof which they drie in the Sunne and eate all in common and on the fift day goe to drinke laying their mouthes to the water like Oxen and sup in as much as their skins will hold not able scarce to breathe nor eating any thing one day after Some of those Ichthyophagi or Fish-eaters which haue store of this prouision content themselues with the moysture of their diet and drinke not at all Some of them seeme subiect to an Apathie not of Stoikes but of stocks not shunning or complayning for blowes or wrongs But mee thinkes I see my Reader haue sense and not without reason make complaint of wrong done him in these Relations and therefore will referre them that will to our Authour himselfe Don Iohn di Castro can better acquaint vs with the later then Agatharchides with the ancient state Hee ascribeth to Toro which he maketh the same with Elana 28. 1 8 degrees They are Christians and haue a Grecian Monasterie He reporteth the Moores tradition that Moses smote the sea twelue times thereby opened twelue paths for the Israelites 600000. Egyptians were drowned the Iewes arriued where Toro now is At Bohalel Xame they found a Towne within a house like a Chappell where was hanging a Banner of silke and many Arrowes or Darts round about the graue at the head of the graue was a table with an Epitaph testifying that there lay buried one of Mahomets kindred and great indulgence was granted to such deuout Pilgrimes as to that place resorted But the Portugals burnt it Hieronymo da Sancto Stephano relateth his voyage from Cairo in fifteene dayes to Cariz and a good Port called Cane finding many buildings and Temples ruined by the way seuen dayes iourney they went from hence by land to Cosir a Hauen of the Red Sea Procopius saith that this Sea is boisterous and rough in the day time and calme in the night that Iotabis one thousand furlongs from Aila was an Iland of Iewes of which hee mentions among the Homerite Arabians as doe Nicephorus Tudelensis and Vertomannus also which hee extendeth alongst the Sea and addeth to them many other Nations and Man-eating Saracens What the Portugals haue done in these Seas Barrius Marmolius Osorius Maffaeus relate Nonius Cugna in his Letter to the King declares that Anno 1530. they tooke Surrate other peeces of Cambaya and many Indian ships and chased away the Turkes Nauie which besieged Aden and brought the King of Aden to pay yeerly tribute ten thousand Serassins But the Turkes after obtayned it The length of this Arabian Gulfe Botero reckons 1200. miles in breadth 100. for the most part Comito Venetiano in Ramusius saith it accounteth 1400. in length in breadth 200. and in some places more so full of sholds that if they keepe not the Channell in the middest there is no sayling but by day light Outwards bound they keepe the middle and haue Pilots for that purpose homewards they haue other Pilots which direct the ship within the shallowes and are taken in at Babelmandel called by Ptolemey Insula Diodori an I le in the entrie or strait of the Gulfe which Strabo saith the ancient Kings of Egypt chayned to keepe the passage Zidem is twelue leagues from Mecca where the ships haue vsed to vnlade their Spiceries as before at Berenice without this Towne is a Moschee which the Moores say is the Sepulchre of Eua. Their water is raine-water reserued in Cisternes Passing by the I le Mehun the I le Camaran is famous by the diuers spoiles there made by the Portugals it is in fiftie degrees This Iland saith Corsali is the hottest place that euer I saw not one of vs but had our secret parts chafed and flayed with heate and many of our companie dyed Dalaqua is an Iland where they gather Pearles 125. leagues long twelue broad it is the name also of the Metropolitan Citie Betweene it and Abex saith Aloisius in the Relation of Castros voyage are fiue Ilands one of which is called Xamoa the land of which is red the King a Moore Suachen is the best harbour in all the Gulfe which the Turkes haue taken from the Abassine it stands in nineteene degrees and a third Mazzua is an Iland which makes Ercocco a good Hauen But of the Hauen and Ports on both sides the Gulfe Barrius relateth more largely Of the Iles Achafas and Tuicce wee haue but names likewise of others whereof Ptolemey doth number a great multitude The people of these parts are Mahumetans and many Baduini hereticall and theeuish Moores Many Iewes are in Aden the chiefe Towne of merchandize in these parts the King whereof after much kinde gratulation Salyman Bassa hung vp at the

cast off the yoke of homage to the Crym conquered diuers Tartarian Princes the Empires of Casan and Astracan 2700. miles downe the Volga from Mosco and by a generall Councell of his Princes Prelates and Nobles was crowned and stiled the Emperour and Great Duke of Volladamiria Muscouia Cazan and Astracan c. His Conquests grew with his yeeres He tooke from the King of Poland the famous Citie of Pollozca the great Citie of Smolensca Doragabus Vasma and many other Townes with much riches and infinite numbers of captiues seuen hundred miles within their confines Lituania and Bela Russia goodly Townes of Trafficke and Countries yeelding Waxe Flaxe Hempe Tallow Hides Corne and Cattell in abundance He grew puissant and proud ouermightie for his next Neighbours and bloudie in all his Conquests When his good Queene Nastacia dyed she was canonized a Saint and to this day worshipped in their Churches By her he had two Sonnes Iuan and Theodore The Emperour after this married one of the Chircas by whom hee had no issue that hee would be knowne of The manner of this Marriage was strange and heathenish which I forbeare out of their owne History to relate By this Marriage hee was much strengthened by the Tartars better Souldiers then the Natiues of whom he made vse to curbe his Princes and Nobles which were discontent with his cruell robbing and incessant murthering of his Nobilitie He set forward with 100000. Horse and 50000. Foot with prouisions of Cannon and Munition towards Liuonia and Swethia kils men women and children in his way to Nouogrod and Plesco the two greatest Townes of Trafficke in all the East with the Narue which three stand triangle wise at the end of the Baltike Sea within the Sound In this last hee built a Castle called Iuan Gorod and caused the eyes of the Architect to bee bored out Thence he enters the Confines of Liuonia sends Knez Iuan Grinscoy to besiege Newhous which was taken with all the Townes in the way to Dorp This also yeelded and the Tartars carried away eight thousand Captiues the Merchandize and Treasure was sent to Nogrod for the Emperours vse He proceedeth deuideth his Army into foure parts ten thousand are appointed to draw the Ordnance ouer the frozen Lakes takes all in his way thirty walled Townes and Castles neere the Easterne Sea within two hundred miles compasse drowning burning rauishing Maydes and Wiues stripping them naked notwithstanding the cold tying them by two and three at their Horse tayles and dragging them some aliue some dead the wayes and streets lying full of carkasses of euery age and sexe These Liuonians are accounted the fairest people in the World Infinite numbers were sent into Russia with infinite treasure Sixe hundred Churches were robbed and destroyed He and his Tartars at last came to Reuell besiegeth and batters it with twentie Cannons The Inhabitants by night make vp the breaches by carrying and casting hote and cold water which froze so thicke that after sixe weekes siege and 20000. Cannon shot spent with losse of 7000. he hasted away the sudden thaw also making him to leaue much of his Artillery behind with former booties baggage and 30000. men in his retiring Enraged with fury for this repulse and losse hee comes backe to the Narue spoyles the Towne of all the Riches and Merchandise kils men women and children and giues the spoyle to his Tartars which bred no small emulation in his Russe Captaines Thence hee marcheth to Plescoue alias Vobsco where he intended to doe the like easily beleeuing those which reported that these two Townes and Nouogrod had practised against him that by their meanes hee had sustayned his losse at Reuel But there met him a Magician Mikula Sweat which that Towne held their Oracle who with bold Imprecations and Exorcismes calling him Bloud-sucker and Deuourer of Christian flesh swore by his Angell that hee should not escape death by a present Thunderbolt if he or any of his did touch the least childs haire in that Citie which God by his Angel did preserue for better purpose then his rapine that therefore he should get him thence before the fierie Cloud of Gods wrath were raysed which he might behold hanging ouer his head it being a very great and darke storme at that instant The Emperour trembling at these words desired Prayers for his deliuerance and forgiuenesse of his cruell thoughts I saw this Impostor a foule creature hee went naked Winter and Summer induring extreame frost and heat His Holinesse could not endure me He did many strange things by Magicall Illusions and was much followed and feared there of Prince and people The Emperour returning to Nouogrod where all his Captiues and Prisoners remayned in exceeding discontent he chargeth it with 30000. Tartars and 10000. Gunners of his Guard who without respect rauished the women and maides robbed and spoyled all that were within it murthered young and old burned the houshold stuffe and Merchandises with Ware-houses of Waxe Flaxe Cordage Tallow Hides Salt Wines Cloth of Gold Silkes Furres all set on fire The Waxe and Tallow melted ran downe the Kennels of the streets together with the bloud of 700000. men women and children as some affirmed besides beasts insomuch that with bloud and carkasses the Riuer Volca was as it were stopped He vanted that this Massacre should exceed those of Niniue and Ierusalem The Citie being thus destroyed and desolate he returned towards Musco and in the way employes his Captaynes to take the people in the Townes and Villages within a hundred miles compasse Gentlemen Peasants Merchants and Monkes old and young with their Families Goods and Cattle to goe and inhabit this ruined Nouogrod exposing them to a new slaughter For many of them dyed with Pestilence and poyson of that infected place which could not bee replenished to any purpose Not long after God empties the Emperours Kingdome and chiefe Cities of his people by Pestilence Famine Fire and Sword and this his crueltie bred such discontent that many practised to destroy him which were still discouered Hee countenanced the Rascalitie and the most desperate Souldiers against the chiefe Nobility Hee setled his Treasures in Mosco and the principall Monasteries Many of the Nobilitie he put to shamefull deaths and tortures and now suspecting his Chercas Tartars also he placed them in his new Conquests of Leefland and Sweathland The Crim Tartar his ancient Enemy inuaded him incited by his Nobilitie as he found out against whom he leuies out of remote Prouinces a huge Army of strangers with his owne hundred thousand horse and fifty thousand foot He discards his Chercas wife and puts her in a Monastery and among many of his owne Subiects chuseth Natalia Daughter to Kneaz Pheodor Bulgaloue a great Commander in his warres who soone after lost his head and his Daughter within a yeere was shorne a Nunne Newes came of his Enemies approch God suffered this wicked

Boare amongst them And heere I take leaue to repose hauing made this light discouery of the Countryes coasting this Bay of Bengali which I could not more exactly performe hauing taken my station in Musulipatnam Such as it is I submit it equally to all mens surueigh or censure and rest Pleased whosoeuer be otherwise Worthy Sir AS I haue begun and proceeded herein by your Instigation I present it to your acceptation if any thing be worth your account I dare iustifie the truth of it if nothing I shall neuer grieue at the suppression In briefe I wrote it for you and dedicate it to you and am only sorry it comes vnseasonably My Voyage into India remarkable in a Carracks losse and Captaine Iosephs death my Employment at Surat Cambaia and Amadera from thence at Callecut vpon the Coast of Malabarre at Priaman and Tecoo vpon Sumatra and then to Bantam and Iacatra vpon Iaua would afford more matter of discourse but I haue chosen Musulipatnam from which Centre I haue drawne these rude lines yet strait ones and parallel to the truth so that although none shall please to sayle by my Compasse yet am I sufficiently contented in hauing kept within compasse and so I rest a true louer of you and your elabourate Volumes W. Methwold FINIS THE SARACENICAL HISTORIE CONTAYNING THE ACTS OF THE MVSLIMS FROM MVHAMMED TO THE REIGNE OF ATABACEVS IN THE SVCCESSION OF NINE AND FORTIE EMPEROVRS Written in Arabike by GEORGE ELMACIN Sonne of ABVLIASER ELAMID the Sonne of ABVLMACAREM the Sonne of ABVLTIB AND Translated into Latine by Thomas Erpenius by his heires dedicated to the High and Mightie Prince FREDERIKE King of Bohemia Count Palatine of Rhene c. Out of whose Librarie at Heidelberge the Arabike Copy was borrowed Englished abridged and continued to the end of the Chalifa's by Samuel Purchas 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 MOLLIA CVM DVRIS LONDON Printed by William Stansby for Henry Fetherstone and are to be sold at his shop in Pauls Church-yard at the signe of the Rose 1626. To the Reader THat which the Angell had foretold of Ishmael hee will bee a wild man his hand will be against euery man and euery mans hand against him and that his seed should not be numbred for multitude is in this History manifested to haue beene fulfilled to the vtmost Yea that which Saint Paul saith that Godlinesse hath the promises of this life and of that which is to come we see fulfilled in Abraham the Father of many Nations and in his two Sonnes Ishmael made a great Nation neuer did any Empire extend so farre But my Couenant will I establish with Isaac and in Isaac shall thy seed bee called Ishmael hath the greatest earthly Empire yet is in spirituall bondage withall Agars Children but Ierusalem which is aboue is free the mother of vs all which are the seed of the faith of Abraham which is the Father of vs all which as Isaac was are the Children of Promise But as then hee that was borne after the flesh persecuted him that was borne after the spirit euen so it is now in this Historie from the beginning of the Muslim Empire declared The bond woman and her sonne shall one day be cast out of the house for the Seruant abideth not in the house for euer but the Sonne abideth euer If the Sonne therefore shall make you free yee shall be free indeed The Earth is a small thing for God to giue he giueth it to Ishmaels seed his owne haue Himselfe their portion in the Sonne to redeeme them in the Spirit to sanctifie them in the Father to prouide for them the best things here and Heauen it selfe with God himselfe in Trinity and Vnity to be their portion for euer Enuy not their lot to those but pitty and pray for them that God may open their eyes which how they are misled with shewes of deuotion dazeled with lightnings of armes and blinded with night and Hell this History sheweth from Muhammed their first Seducer to the end of their Asian Chalifas Our Stories I confesse are full of Mahomet and Saracens but empty for the most part of things therein most remarkable whiles partly want of Arabike Books and Letters hath hindred vs from meanes of knowledge without that Key none can enter this Muhammedan Magazine and partly rash Zeale hath transported both Greeke and Latine Authours to say anything of these Locusts Mahomet and his Adherents without iudgement sometimes and very often without truth whereby we haue had passionate Inuectiues and crude Collections insteed of the Muhammedan or Islam History God needeth not mens lies nor piae fraudes to support his Truth and the way to ouercome euill is not with euill but with goodnesse The iustice of God scourging the world with the Saracenical Sword for their vniust contempt of the Gospel of Peace is seene in this Dragon-tooth seed of Muhammedans the Alphabet of whose Religion is written in bloudy Letters of forced faith The hypocrisie of Muhammed their Founder and other Propheticall Pretenders ambitious of Souereigntie with their vices are best gathered out of their owne Authors which though they stile their memory happy or glorious yet in relating their Arts and Acts doe sufficiently declare their impiety and impurity before God and Man Shewes of Religion in bodily exercises meere carkasses only Almes frequent Prayers if gestures and words be Prayers and Prayes were not the scope of their Prayers their externall iustice in many things their Learning in Philosophie Mathematicks and Poetry the length of an Empire in such space of time and place this inclusiuely from the East Indies to the Westerne Ocean without any interruption taking in also Spaine and part of France and Italy with Sicill and the Easterne Empire tributary that from Muhammeds time to the end of this Story yea still in the Mogoll Persian and Turke with the Tartars and many Princes of lesse note continuing in a larger extent the beginning growth height declining and fall of that Empire the aduancement hereof with the Sword which exposeth to slaughter or imposeth Tribute their diuisions into two Empires the Abasian Family ruling ouer Asia and Africa the Ommian in Europe and after into a third which held Africa and in time also possessed Egypt the rising of Lay Princes and degeneration of Chalifas to a kind of meere Ecclesiastickes and their fall by diuision of this triformed Cerberus into a multiforme Dragon in manifold States and Kingdomes These in a succinct narration by one which descended of Christian Progenitors was versed in Christian Stories aswell as his last professed Islamisme with more likelihood of truth and fulnesse of satisfaction to the Inquisitiue Reader then any then all yet published if I be able to iudge by any by all Latines or other Westerne Writers Erpennius hath her giuen and I abridged out of him conferred also and illustrated with Mirkond a Persian and Muhammedan his History set forth in Spanish

40. g Cyril l. 3. cont Iulian h Tertul. de Idol i Oenomaus out of Hesiod affirmeth the number of Gods in the World to bee 30000. which number hee saith was then much encreased Euseb de 〈◊〉 preparat l. 5. c. 15 k Oros l. 2. c. 2 3 l Polyhist in Euseb Chron. m Tatianus apud Scalig. n Eragmenta haec extant in Ch. on gr Buseb lib. 1. per Scalig. Photij Bibliotheca in Helladio * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 * The former Map of Paradise doth descripe the Topography of the Countrey of Babylonia a Herod l. 2. b Philostr de vit Apol. l. 1. c. 18. c Plin l. 6. c. 26. d Solinus c. 60. e Diod. l. 3. c. 4. f See lib. 16. g Curt. l. 5. h Et duo in aduersum misit per moenia cu●rus Propert. 3. i N. Lyr. in Dā 4 k Arist. Politic. l. 3. c. 2. l Greg. Naz. in vit. Basil Martial Ep. 1. Nicetes Non. in Naz. m Diod. Sic. l. 3. or after the Greeke l. 2. c. 4 Herod l. 2. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 translated a furlong is but six hundred foot In respect of this Idolatry it is like that Dionys cals Babylon a holy Citie n A rege Syro Diod. o Beros fragm apud Ioseph contra Appion lib. 1. Vid. Scal. notas in haec frag p Dan. 4.27 q Scal. notae in frag Berosi r Clarae Carihaginis arces Creditur centum portis Babylona superbam Foemineus struxisse labor Claud. ſ Pseudo Beros l. 5. t Nec designatam vrbem fundauit lib. 4 u Fundamenta designata Babyloniae oppidi magis quàm vrbis erexit Gen. 11.8 Aug. de Ciu. Dei li. 18. c. 2 Ap. Euseb Prep lib. 9. Dan. ca. 3. x Lyranus thinketh that the Basis whereon it stood is included in this height for as Symetrians obserue the length of a man holdeth proportion but of sixe and not of ten to the breadth y See D. Willet in Dan. 3. Ver 14. c. 18. z Ptol. Geog. l. 6. cap. 3. a Praefectus praetorio b Strabo l. 15. c Metasthenes Annij The true Megasthenes write about fiftie yeeres before Berosus hauing trauelled al the East about the end of Alexanders raigne * 2. King 19.9 d Syria comprehendeth in it after the largest sense Babylonia also See cap. 15. Plin. l. 5. c. 12. e Araian de rebus gestis Alexand lib. 3. f Ar. lib. 7. Mentioned also by Sir Ant. Sherley in his trauels into Persia g Verstegan Anriq c. 1. h Domin Nig. Asia Com. 4. i R. Fitche Hak. Voy. tom 2. k Herod lib. 2. l Plin. Nat. hist lib. 18. cap. 17. Cel. Rhod. Lec Antiq l. 8. c. 12. m Ammian l. 23. n Philost de vitu Apol. l. 1. c. 18. Philost aid Viu de trad dis. lib. 5 Magna Homeri mendatia maioribus mendacijs corrigil Et postea c●isdem Apollonius penè totus sigmentum est valiosum ac blaspemum c. a Diod. Sic. l. 3. cap. 8. b Dij Consultores R. Mos Moreb l. 3. c. 30. Vid. eius Epist. ad Masil Iud. Gene. 12. Heb. 11. c Mentioned supra c. 10. d Lib. 2. c. 2. e Ios. Scal. in Epist. ad Casaubon Omnia allius Magistri opera tanti facio vt solum illum inter Iudaos desiise nugari dicam f So the Iewes call the said R. Mos of the first letters R. M. B. M. Rab. Mos Ben. Maimon contracted Rambam g These fables were some rubbish of Paradise the trees and Serpent therein c. In his Epistle to the Marsilian Iewes he writeth of Bookes which mention Iambasor Tzareth Roani and say they were before Adam and that Sombascher was Adams master and of the Indians which say they haue Cities 100000. yeeres old c. Of this mourning for Tamut or Thamuz See Ezek. 8.14 vid. infra c. 17. R. Mos l. 3. 31. 33. Cap. 38. Moloch and Saturnes sacrifices of humane bodies See Cap. 18. Aversa Venus h Idem citat P. Ric. in explic praecept neg 220. ex R. Mos Gerundensi i Eight moneths together Master Eldred Hak. Voy. tom 2. k Plin. l. 6. c. 26. Tertia Chaldaeorū Doctrina c. Scalig. thinketh them named Orcheni c. of the place and not of difference of sects as if there had beene Vniuersities or Colledges of Chaldaeans the Orcheni were of Erech Scal. notae in frag Ber. l Dan. 2.2 See D. Willet Comm. ibid. q. 7. 29. * Q. Curtius m Iul. Capitolin M. Ant. Philos n Plut. in vit. Mar. Syl. Iuven. Sat. 6. o Otho Heurn Chaldaic p Cael. Rhod. Lec Ant. lib. 16. ca. 4. q Ios. Scal. praef in Manil. r Peuc de Diuinat Theom Astrol ſ Dan. 2.48 Praefectum antistitem super omnes sapientes Bab. constituit Trem. t Dan. 4.6 Praefecte Magorum u D. Willet in Dan. 2. Iun. x 2. Chro. 32.31 y Theod. de curand Graec. affec ser 1. z Philostrat. de vita Apol. lib. 1. a Ph. Morn de Verit. C. R. b Euseb de pra par Eu. l. 6. c. 8. c Euseb de praepar. l. 9. c 4. d Ammian l. 23. Plutar. de facie in orbe Lunae e Suidas in Canopo Ruffin hist eccl lib. 2. f Alex. ab Alexand l. 6. c. 26. g Coelius l. 8. c. 1. h Athen. lib. 14. cap. 17. g 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which may be interpreted with cords about them which better answereth to Herodotus his report i Bar. 6.42 l Hero Clio. Strabo lib. 16. mentioneth the same m The Arabians called her Alytta the Persians Mitra The Babylonians called her also Alamhone Lyl. Gerald. hist Deor. Syut 13. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 verum nomen Veneris ait Sca. epist. ad Cas hoc est 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 n Bel Belti Nebo Mero Scheschach sic Heurnius in Indico o Ier 19.5 Ierem. 32. 1. Reg. 18. 16. 2. Reg. 23. 10. Ose 2. Es 46. p Plin. l. 6. c. 26. Oth. Heurnij Indicus Aelian Var. Hist lib. 13. cap. 3. q Herod lib. 1. telleth this of Nitocris Rod. Toletanus reporteth as strange a prodigie of Roderigo a little before the Sarasens inuaded Spaine lib. 3. cap. 17. r Rib. in Hos 2. ſ In Ierem. 32. t Nic. Serar in Iudic. u Drus Pra. pag. 225. x 1. Cor. 8.5 y Hos 2.16 Act. 17.26 z On those words of Virgi Impleuitque mero pateram quam Belus omnes à Belosoliti c. Aeneid 1. a 2. King 23.11 b Aug. tom 4. quaest. lib. 7. 16. Elias Cretens Com. in Nazian Orat. in Iul. 3. doth also take Bel and Baal for the same Et Nicet in Orat. 15. c Scalig. Can. Isagog lib. 3. pag. 314. d M. Selden Annot. on M. Drayton Poliolb. e Phot. Biblioth in Damascio 242. Sachoniatho as after followeth cap. 17. maketh Elius the father of Saturn f Lil. G. Gyr. hist Deor. Synt. 2. g Cap. 1. q. 16. Eadem Polanu● in Dan. cap. 1. h Quest

beyond Taurus After this hee was slaine exhibiting in himselfe a true example of the worlds falshood that playeth with Scepters and vyeth Diadems vsing men like Counters or Figures in numbring and casting accounts where the same with a little difference of place is a pound shilling or penie one ten or an hundred And yet as earthly happinesse herein comes short of heauen that it is neuer meere and vnmixed but hath some sowre sauce to rellish it so falleth it as farre short of hell that not onely hope but the most miserable hap hath some glimpse of comfort But to come to our Historie Antiochus his sonne sur-named Epiphanes and after Epimanes for his furious insolence who beganne his raigne Anno mundi 3774. was first sent to Rome in hostage for securitie of his fathers faith and after that Seleucus his brother which sent Heliodorus to rob the Temple at Ierusalem had a while warmed the Throne succeeded in the Syrian Kingdome Of him and his tyrannie Daniel had long before prophesied in the interpretation of Nabuchodonosors Image whose legs are interpreted to be this Syrian and the Egyptian kingdomes both heauie and hard neighbours to the Church in Iudea lying betwixt them but more especially in his Visions in the seuenth Chapter Where after other things he fore-telleth of the ten hornes which are the eight Kings afore-named and two Egyptian Ptolemus Euergetes and Philopater in their times preuayling in Syria and infesting Iudea And the last shall subdue three Kings which were Ptolemie of Egypt driuen out of Syria Seleucus his brother and Demetrius to whom after Seleucus the right of the Scepter belonged His policie and blasphemie and tyrannie are also by Daniel plainely fore-signified and in their euent as fully in the Historie of the Machabees related There you may reade his wicked life and wretched death He tooke Ierusalem Anno mundi 3781 and slew fourescore thousand people robbed the Temple of eighteene hundred talents and of the holy Vessels polluted the Temple forbade the Sacrifice named it the Temlpe of Iupiter Olympius forced men by tortures from their religion with other execrable outrages which would require a iust volume to describe As he was thus madde and raging against the true Religion so Athenaeus sheweth his vanitie in his owne whose pompous solemnitie at the Daphnean Feast hee thus relateth Antiochus in emulation to Paulus Aemilius proclaimed this solemne festiuitie in the Cities of Greece and performed it at Daphne First passed in order fiue thousand men armed after the Roman manner next followed fiue thousand Mysians and three thousand Cilicians with Crownes of gold of Thracians three thousand of Galatians fiue thousand of whom some had shields of siluer Twentie thousand Macedonians and fiue thousand with shields of brasse after these two hundred and fortie couples of champions which should fight in single combate There followed one thousand Pisaean horse-men and three thousand of the Citie the most whereof had Crownes and Vials of gold other trappings of siluer Next came the band called Socia nothing inferiour in pompe or number then a thousand extraordinarie and another thousand in the band called Agema Lastly the barded horses fifteene hundred all these in purple vestures which many had embroidered or embossed with gold Chariots drawne with sixe horses one hundred and fortie drawne by foure one drawne by Elephants attended with six and thirtie other The rest of the pompe is incredible and tedious eight hundred youths with golden crownes a thousand fat oxen and three hundred persons to attend the sacrifices eight hundred Elephants teeth There were also the Images of all the gods and Heroes that can be reckoned some gilded some clothed with golden vestures their fabulous histories being with great pompe annexed After all these the Images of Day Night Earth Heauen Morning and Noone Then came a thousand Boyes each hauing a piece of plate of a thousand drams sixe hundred with vessels of gold eightie women were carried in chaires footed with gold and fiue hundred in others footed with siluer very sumptuously attired two hundred of them out of basons of gold strewed odours These spectacles lasted thirtie dayes A thousand and sometimes twelue hundred Halls or dining roomes were furnished for bankets the King himselfe affecting too officious familiaritie therein visiting the tables of the baser people yea and that as a base Minstrell with musicke not of the best instruments but such as the poorer sort vsed for want of better as learned Casaubonus hath on that place of Athenaens obserued So base is the Pride of Ambition tempering a confused distemper according in a strange harmonie the harshest discord of proud-aspiring and deiected basenesse where a base and seruile mind begetteth pride and pride produceth a seruil basenesse a changeling which the doting World fathereth on Humility Of the death of this Antiochus the former and second bookes of Machabees seeme to disagree and which is more strange the second booke in the first chapter saith hee and his company were destroyed in the Temple of Nanaea in Persia and in the ninth chapter saith that in Media at Echatana hee was smitten with an vncouth disease and a fall from his Chariot whereof he died Some that would haue this history Oanonicall apply it to two Antiochi as Lyra and Rupertus and after them Canus but Bellarmine seeing that they will not agree with the times of any other but Epiphanes proueth himselfe Epimanes and runneth mad with loue of that Trent-Minion affirming that in the Temple of Nanae a he fell but escaped as the King of Sodome is said to fall when Lot was captiued and yet was not slaine and after perished as in the after part of the historie is expressed whereas it is there said that they shut the dores on him and cut him and his fellowes in pieces and made them shorter by the heads who yet after this forsooth could goe into Media and there haue a fall from his Chariot They must haue no delicate stomacks that wil be Iesuits any thing must down when they will vp especially if Trent or the Vatican command though manifest reason and sense that I say not Religion countermand I enuie not the red Hat with these labels Wel fare that modestie of the Author that confesseth his weakenesse but Anathema to their Anathema's that enact contradictions to be Canonicall I omit the successors of Antiochus to wit Antiochus Demetrius Alexander who tooke away the golden Image of Victoria out of the Temple at Antioch in his necessitie iesting that Iupiter had sent him Victorie and when hee would haue added Iupiter to his sacriledge was chased away by the multitude and after slaine by Gripus The rest with the times of their raigne are before expressed Pompey set an end to these Seleucidan Kings and the Romans enioyed the Countries of Syria till the Saracens dispossessed them whose history you may reade in their

due place The Turkes displaced those Saracens the Christians of the West by warre made those parts Christian but were expelled againe by the Turkes and they by the Tartars The Mamaluke slaues and their Aegyptian Soldan after held the Syrian Dominion vntill Selim the great Turke subdued it to the Ottoman Empire vnder which it still groneth Of these things this our History will acquaint you in the proper reports of these Nations Aleppo is now chiefe Citie of Syria but Damascus both in elder and later times hath born the greatest name being the head of Aram as Esay affirmeth called of Iulian the Citie of Iupiter and eye of the whole East Holy and Great called also the Trophee of Iupiter because he there had conquered the Titans It is interpreted drinking bloud by Hierom who telleth from the Hebrewes tradition that in this field Kain slew his brother Chytreus expoundeth it saccus sanguinis Wolphius deriueth it of two words signifying bloud and to spoyle which in the times of Hazael and Benhadad and of Resin it performed but neuer so much as when the Saracens made it the sinke of bloud and spoyle which they executed on the Christians and Noradine Saladine and the Turkes fitting themselues and this Citie to the name before the Aegyptian Sultans and Ottoman Turkes were Lords of it Stephanus ascribeth the name to one Ascus a Giant which cast Dionysius there into the Riuer Or because Damascus the sonne of Mercury comming hither out of Arcadia built it or because Dionysius there fleid off the skin of Damascus which had cut vp his Vines The Turkes now call it Leunclauius and Chytreus testifie Scham and so is the whole Region called in the Arabian Chronicle whose extract you may find in our Saracenicall history The Armies of Dauid Ahab Teglath Phalasar preuayled much against it The Babylonians subuerted it After that the Ptolomeys repayred it Pompei wanne it Paul hallowed it The Saracens as is sayd polluted it The Christians in vaine besieged it in the yeere one thousand one hundred forty and seuen r Haalon the Tartar one thousand two hundred threescore and two obtayned it and about one thousand foure hundred Tamerlane besieged it and as he had done at Aleppo filling the ditch with the bodies of captiues and slain carkasses cast wood and earth vpon them and at last forced it and the Castle Hee spared the Citie for the Temples sake which had fortie Porches in the circuite and within nine thousand Lampes of Gold and Siluer But the Aegyptians by a wile possessing it he againe engirt it and recouered it Hee commanded Mahomet the Pope or Chalife and his priests which came to meete him to repayre to the Temple which they did with thirteene thousand Citizens where he burnt them all and for monument of his victory left three Towers erected of skuls of dead men The Aegyptians regained and held it till Selim the Turke dispossessed them 1517. Now in thus many alterations of State who doubteth of diuersity in Religions in Syria First the true Religion in the times of Noah and the first Patriarkes Next those superstitions of Rimmon and the rest before related in the Assyrian Babylonian Persian Macedonian and Roman gouernments After which long night the Sunne of Righteousnesse shone vnto the Syrians and made a more absolute Conquest then all the former not by Legions and Armies but by a handfull of Fishermen manifesting his Power in their weakenesse the Reason of Men and Malice of Deuils not being able to withstand their Euangelicall weapons which s were mighty through GOD to cast downe holdes and bring into captiuity euery thought to the obedience of CHRIST insomuch that hence the t Christian World receyued first that name And how sweet would thy name remaine O Syrian Antiochia euen now in thy latest fates which first was christned with the name Christian haddest thou not out-liued thy Christianity or rather after the soule departed remained the carkasse of thy selfe which ceasing to be Christian hast long since ceased to bee had not the Diuine hand reserued a few bones of thy carkasse to testifie this his iustice to the world And what harmonie could haue beene more gratefull to the Gentiles eares then thy memorie Damascus where the Doctor of the Gentiles was first taught himselfe and made a Teacher of others But in thee was the Chayre of Pestilence the Throne of Sathan the sincke of Mahumetan impietie to the rest of the world infecting with thy contagion and subduing with thy force more Nations then euer Paul by preaching conuerted Syria first in the first and principall Priuiledges of Mankind embracing in her rich armes if some bee right Surueiours the promised Possession the Seale of a further and better inheritance was with the first subdued to Saracene seruitude vnder their Caliph vnder the Turkes vnder the Christians from the West vnder the Tartars from the East vnder the Mamalukes from the South and from the North the Ottoman by new successions and vicissitudes of miseries and mischiefes become a common Stage of bloud and slaughter And in all these later changes of State and chaunces of Warre Religion was the life that quickned those deathes and whetted those murdering swords no crueltie or sacriledge against GOD or man so irreligious and inhumane but Religion was pretended to be the cause and bare the Standard to destruction a new Religion alway erected with a new Conqueror For the Readers delight wee haue here added out of Hondius which hee had contracted out of Ortelius the Map of Pauls Peregrination for the plantation of the Gospell PEREGRINATIO PAULI In qua omnia loca quorum fit mentis in actis et epistolis Apostolorum et Apocalypsi describuntur CHAP. XVII Of Phoenicia and of the Theologie and Religion of the ancient Phoenicians of their Arts and Inuentions PHoenicia is the Sea coast of Syria after Plinie or that coast or tract bordering on the Sea from Orthosa now Tortosa to Pelusium This Sea coast saith Andreas Masius was of the Greekes called Phoenicia and of the Hebrewes peculiarly stiled Chanaan and the Inhabitants Chananites So the Spies tell Moses the Chanaanites dwell by the Sea The woman in the Gospell which Matthew calleth a Canaanite is by Marke named a Syrophoenicean and the Septuagint in this place for the Kings of Chanaan read the Kings of Phoenicea And in the Scripture it is appellatiuely vsed for a Merchant because the Phoenicians or Chanaanites were famous for Merchandize as appeareth both by diuine and prophane testimonie Most properly the Northerly part is Chanaan Phoenicia the Southern Palestina although it is sometime extended as wee haue said euen to Egypt Dionysius which maketh the Phoenicians the first Mariners Merchants and Astronomers placeth Gaza and Ioppe in Phoenicia Sachoniatho a Phoenician supposed to haue liued before the Troian warre wrote in his owne language the History of his Nation which Philo Biblius