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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A03066	Some yeares travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique Describing especially the two famous empires, the Persian, and the great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times as also, many rich and spatious kingdomes in the orientall India, and other parts of Asia; together with the adjacent iles. Severally relating the religion, language, qualities, customes, habit, descent, fashions, and other observations touching them. With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the author.; Relation of some yeares travaile	Herbert, Thomas, Sir, 1606-1682.; Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver.	1638 (1638)	STC 13191; ESTC S119691	376,722	394

Hippodrome lye unmounted one and thirty Demicannons of brasse and twelve iron Culverins brought hither by some late over-throw they gave the Portugall or Turk from Ormus or Babylon Opposite to this Pallace is a faire Mosque but that at the South end of all others most excellent the outside stone not form'd to the Crosse the hyerogliphic of our salvation as ours bee but round either from the Talmud figuring out Aeternity or from the Alcaba in Mecca the shape whereof was reveal'd to Abraham from heaven pattern'd from that Adam sayes their Alcoran reard in Paradise within 't is distinguisht into Iles the wals lined 15 geometrick foot high from the sole with white well polisht Marble without pews or seats in center is a stately Tanck and at the portall another octanguler fild with cristall streams which is first forced to glide round the inside the Medan through a stone channell six foot deep and six in bredth which after a pleasant drilling murmur flowes into this Tanck or watery Magazeen whence it is suckt out by subterranean passages into many private houses and gardens Within the Medan the shops be uniforme the trades are no where severed but united Some be of Mercers of Lapidaries some and most of them of gums drugs and spices so sweet so delicate as not till then could I see the Poet sung well We suckt the Aromatick ayre of Persia Auras madentes Persicorum Aromatum Take the outside of this brave Fabrick thus presented Hippo dromos The Mydan or great Merkitt in Spahawne A. is a Mosque South B. is an archt way to the North. C. is the kings house D. is a Mosque East Mosques The other Mosques call'd here Dear ' and Zunae are orbicular for shape for sight low and indifferently pleasant the materials are Sun-burnt Bricks varnisht and beautified with painted posies few are without their Tancks or cesterns of holy water wherein all Musselmen wash their hands armes eyes having formerly bath'd their face eares breast feet as an operative work to purge sinne and conferre devotion their other Church ceremonies I will contract in the latter end of this book under Title of their religion Hummums The Hummums or Sudatories in this Citie are many and very beautifull quadrated some but most be globous The stone is white polisht and durable the windows are large without crossed and to the inner side made narrow the glasse is thick anneald and darkning the top or covering round and tyld with a counterfeit Turquoise perfect blew and very fresh and lasting The inside of these hot houses are divided into many cells or concamerations some for delight others for sweating in all for use of pure stone all all pav'd with jetty Marble men use them commonly in the mornings women towards night the price is small but so generally us'd as makes the gaine abundant t is the Catholicon against all diseases colds Catarrhs flegm aches agues Luesvenerea c. the womens being there is knowne by a linnen cloth displayed at the doore set there as a warning peece by the jealous Eunuchs The City is ovall each house delighted by large Cypresse gardens Walls the wall is of no force against the confounding vomit of the flaming Cannon it is of use against horse and shock of Launces some parapets and bulwarks it has of more imitation than use the Persian magnanimity ever choosing to dye rather than be inclos'd or seiged It has a dozen Portresses of which foure are shut up Gouldest Chaly Mergh and Cherbaugh made th'entrance of a royall garden The eight are these Hazena-bawt opening towards Shyraz and the gulph De-cridest to Babylon and Ardaveil Tockzy to Cashan Casbyn and Tabryz Kerroen to Yezd and Cawrestan Lamboen to Hamadan Sheydack Madayan opens to Candahor and Indya Yowbara and Dalwaet Pallaces The Pallaces are few the Kings house in the Medan that where wee were lodged belonging to the King but made ready for our Lord Ambassador Conna Meloyembeg Tamas-coolibeg and Haram Beguna are all I saw worth remembring the first is low painted without guilt within well watred and inclosed with fragrant gardens The last a Seralio famous for pretious treasure and as valuable beauties of which being dangerous to inquire or view wee will speake in silence the Castle is very large well wall'd and deeply moated arm'd with some brazen peeces but better defended by a troop of leane fac't beardlesse memberlesse Eunuchs who like so many angry Sagittaries guard their Ladies The battlements are pleasant to looke on but no doubt the Horyzontall plaine which is easily discovered from thirty rising Turrets there yeelds most pleasure Gardens The gardens challenge our attention than which for grandeur and fragor no Citie in Asia out-vies her It incloses so many that at some distance from the City you would judge it a Forest so sweet you would call it Paradize all whose excellencies we will joyne in one at the South-West end of Spawhawn Nazer-jareeb by name a garden famoused deservedly over all this Monarchy If you go from the Medan you passe by Cherbaugh through an even delicate street two miles long at the least most part of the way wall'd on both sides bestrew'd with Moholls or Summer houses but more remarkable in that abundance of greene broad spreading Chenore trees yeelding shade and incomparable order and beauty the garden or rather fruit Forrest of Nazerjareeb is circled with a stately wall about three miles in compasse entred by three gates strong and elegantly shaped From North to South it gave mee a thausand paces from East to West seven hundred from one end to the other easily discovered by reason a faire open Ally like that in Fountain b'leau runs along in parellell distinguisht into nine Ascents each surmounting other a large foot each distance smooth and even In center is a spatious Tanck made into twelve equal sides each side or square is five foot fild and round set with pipes of lead which after the Italick sort spouts out the liquid element in variety of conceits and postures that sort of pastime continuing thence to the North gate where is rais'd a pile of pleasure antickly garnisht without within divided into foure or six chambers the lower is set out with Tancks of rich white Marble and fumes out a coole breese by quaffing up so much chrystaline water as makes it bubble thither by a constreyned motion cut by incredible toyle thorow the Coronian Mountaine The higher roomes are garnisht with variety of landskips and represents their way of sporting hawking fishing riding shooting wrastling courting and other fancies the roofe or seeling is inricht with beaten gold imbost with azure But what seemd to mee most excellent was the view we enjoyed from her Tarrasses which affoorded us a dainty prospect of most part of the City which save at Rustans Tombe upon a hill two miles thence elsewhere cannot be obteyned This garden is replenisht with trees of all sorts for medicine for shade

encreasing from eight persons those that issued from the Ark upon Ararat in Armenia This building was hastned by five hundred thousand men in few yeares raising it from its basis which was nine miles about to above five thousand paces into the skie whence Ovid fabled his Giants warres Affectasseferunt regnum Coeleste Gyant●s Altaque congestos struxisse ad sydera Montes The heavens look't pale with wonder to be behold With what attempts and rage Giants bold Sought to affront the gods by raising high Mount upon mount to inhabit in the skie intending no doubt to peepe into heaven But hee that sits above and accounts the best of mans power and policie but meere weaknesse and folly not only distracted their designe but severed them into seventie Companies sending them seventie wayes to better imployments from one tongue the Hebrew Goropius dreamt it was Dutch ordaining seventy other Languages But though the Tower of Babel stood for ever unfinished albeit Alexander the great by some months labour in vaine of 100000 men made to desist by strange diseases and affrights thought to have finisht it the Citie notwithstanding swell'd to a prodigious greatnesse and though Arphaxad sonne of Sem sonne of Noah begun to inhabit in this vale of Shynaear yet Nimrod sonne of Cush or Iupiter Belus sonne of Cam or Iupiter Hamon the accursed sonne of Noah wrested it from his other kindred yea behaved himselfe so proudly amongst his brethren that to gratifie his memorie they deified him by name of Sudormyn by the Romans converted into Saturne Nimrod lived six and fiftie yeares after the beginning of Babell hee at last gave way to Death and was buried I know not where some say at this place some say at Persepolis Idolatrie was soone hatcht in the world Nimrods successours strove to make their hellish progenitors earthly gods for after Ninus his sonne had erected many Temples to put his Grandsires Images in he attracted infinit people to inhabit there by whose labours hee not only agrandiz'd this Citie but by their helps grew to tyrannize in the world and to augment his Empire whence he is accounted the first that incroacht on others rights to satiate his ambition and as he is named the first Emperour of the earth so none died so miserably for his wife Semiramys detruded him into prison where shee made him die a hatefull death such as became a monster The Virago Queene sat confidently at the helme and steered through an Ocean of stormes and miraculous passages till burning in flames of lust in stead of embraces hersonne Nynias thought Amraphel and Mars to revenge his Fathers death slew her but by that murder became mad and in that frenzie marched against King Cancasus Iaphets great grand-son and subdued him howbeit he himselfe was so serv'd by Abraham such time as he rescued his Nephew Lot captivated by Arioch Tydal and Chedorlaomer Semyramis to eternize her memorie fought many brave Combats and return'd oft times victorious she subjected many Kings subjugated many Provinces built many famous Castles Cities and Gardens the ruines of some of them are in Medya to this houre remaining Wee will confine her into Babylon where shee erected two inimitable Pallaces one was at the East end th'orher at the West the first extended thirty the other sixty furlongs both were immured with walls of stupendious height and architecture but excelling those she built another in the heart or center of Babylon which she dedicated to Cush or Iupiter Belus the shape whereof was of foure equilateralls or sides from every angle were one thousand in all foure thousand paces 't was circled with a thick and towring wall entred by foure gates of polisht brasse in midst was elevated a strong and stately Tower upon which eight other Towers rose one upon another farre above the middle region whence from a continued serenity of the sky the Priests or Caldaean Astrologers precisely markt the planetary motions and if possible to heare their rowling harmony for being above the clouds they delighted to regard the exact light and magnitude of the Starres their heliacall acronicall matutine and vespertine motions rising and falling Apollo's progresse the constellations aspects influences and the like and at the top of all a Turret inricht with three great golden Images or Statuas representing Iupiter Ops and Iuno i. e. her father in law her husband Ninny and her selfe continuing there in divine esteeme for many ages and whereto sayes Herodatus in way of sacrifice was yeerly consumed a hundred thousand Talents in franc-incense till Cyrus An. Mun. 3432. by drayning Euphrates into other channells entred this Epitomè of the world and ransackt her bravery But I have not spoken all Semyramis also circled this gallant City with a wall which in after ages was call'd a wonder some say Nabuchadonozar made it but an ancient Poet sings otherwise Semyramis built Persian Babylon Persarum statuit Babylona Semyramis Vrbem The circuit of which Wall was after Solynus threescore miles English or as hee reckons it foure hundred and eighty furlongs Diodorus Siculus computes three hundred and sixty five each day in the yeere chalenging a furlong Quintus Curtius numbers three hundred fifty and eight differing in his Arithmetic but seven furlongs The compasse I admire at but am amazed at the height and spissitude two hundred cubits high it was and fifty cubits thick so thick and spacious that at the top six Chariots might take the ayre driving together abrest not one before another Nynus and Semyramis begun it bravely yet Nabuchadnezzer and Nytocris his wife daughter of Aliattes beautified it in a stupid admiration crying out Is not this great Babel that I have built a boast so much offending the sacred Majesty of God that hee rent the Kingdome from that proud Assyrian and made him a companion for beasts and birds to the astonishment of all such Atheists Cyrus by one battell at Borsippa prostrated it and wreathed his Persian brow with that Monarchic Dyadem Anno Mundi 3432 seventeen yeeres after the captivity of Iudah and Israel by Nabuzaradan his Liefetenant five hundred and fifty two yeeres before the birth of our Saviour after which it was often vassaled Seventy nine yeeres after Anno Mundi 3511 Artaxerxes Longimanus ruling Persia the Prophet Ezdras went hence to rebuild the Temple at Ierusalem and thirteene yeeres after that was seconded by Nehemiah from Shushan The victorious Macedonian conquered it Anno Mun. 3633 at which time as Aristotle reports one part of the City knew not in three dayes after that the enemy had entred it a vast bignesse but easily credited if Pausanias in Assyr say true Babylon omnium quas unquam Sol aspexit Vrbium maxima c. either to parallell it with Ierusalem destroyed by Vespatian in their solemne sacrifices in which times the people multiplyed or rather to fulfill that prophesie 51 Ieremiah 31 One Post shall runne to meet another to shew the King of Babylon that his

structure and daily served by a multitude of hellish Priests or Bonzees not admitted to attend there except they be young well shap't and as strong in venerie as was Hercules Every new Moon they solemnly betroth unto the Devill a Damosell whose Parents account the ceremonie happie and honourable if any be more faire or singular than another shee is selected by the lustfull Priests devoted and brought into the Temple and placed right against the Mamada or Idoll the roome is first made glorious with Lamps of burnisht gold and a preparation by incendiating Lignum vitae or other gums and perfumes such as be curious and costly by and by the Lamps extinguish by myracle and in a grosse darknesse the Prince of darknesse approaches and abuses her so shee imagines and the rather credited in that the Devill leaves behind him certaine scales like those of fishes an argument of no phantasma but by this hellish conjunction they swell not unlesse the Bonzee second it Sathan is no sooner gone but she is saluted by the Bonzees who ravish her with songs and pleasant musique which ended shee acquaints them with her fortune and resolves them in such questions as she by their instruction propounded to the Devill and he had satisfied her in shee issues with applause and ever after is reputed holy and honourable many other things I could present you from tradition but I avoyd as much as may be to insert incertainties from hence therefore faile wee West and land in Chyna where though the travaile be difficult yet suffer me to glean a little though it but expresse my industrie and care to offer you the truest Novelties Of China CHINA is the most Easterly part of Asia A Kingdome both great and wealthie famous also but scarce discovered Their jealousie and discourtesie to strangers they suffer any to enter none to returne chiefly causes it It is subject to many severall names scarce any two strange people accord in one Nomenclation and no wonder since amongst themselves they affect variety the Kings new naming the whole Kingdome at their Coronation as they fancie it Ptolomy long agoe call'd it Sinarum Regio other Geographers Seres the Moores in Industant call it Cathayo the Arabians T'synin the Syamites Cyn the Malayans Tabenzo the Japonites Thau and T'syn the Tattarrs Ham Alhacen Tangis Paulus Venetus Mangi the Inhabitants if Perera Riccius and Trigautius say true Tamen and themselves Tamegines But how various soe're that be this is not uncertaine that it is a very spatious Monarchie for it extends from 17 deg to 43 of North Latitude and to the South Cantam to the North Pequin two royall Cities seeme to terminate it But thus confined On the East it has the Sea of Iapan Corea is part of China no Ile but to the North conjoyned with the Continent On the West the Desarts of Industant On the North the Tattars On the South the Phillipinae Iles and the South West adjoyneth to Cochyn-China and Pegu with part of Siam All agree that it is square and that from any one side to another is 1500 English miles the circuit above 4000. the Country is generally champaign fruitfull full of sweet and navigable rivers and which are no lesse inhabited than the Villages and Cities be of which China has no fewer than 600 Cities 2000 wall'd Townes 4000 unwalled 1000 Castles and of Villages scarce to be numbred and many they had need to be since they give lodging to above threescore millions of men and boyes besides women which be not inrolled The whole Empire is divided into fifteene great Provinces governed by so many Quon-fu and Lausia who have their Tutans and Chyans or Deputies under them Each of those Provinces has a Metropolis full of people fairely built and very spatious But every way more excellent than the rest are these foure Paquin by some called Pasquin Nanquin or Nanton Cantam or Canton and Quinsay by them called Ham-ceu of which foure at this day Paquin is chiefe or Emperiall PAQVIN elevates the North Pole 41 degr 15 minutes and by late Geographers is accounted that same Citie which some call Cambalu watered by Polisanga and China then must bee Cathaya yea if Pantoja and Di Canti say true the Chyna Monarch is that same great Cam which M. P. Venetus and Mandevile afore him have famoused The Citie Pequin is questionlesse the most spatious and best peopled in Asia if not in the world since it has 30 Duch leagues ninety English miles circumference it includes many stately buildings and Mausoleas 24000 are numbered of the Mandarins Sepulchers the meanest of which is not without beauty and a no lesse number of little guilded Chappell 's beside 3800 Temples devoted to Idolatry It has as many Gates Posterns as be dayes in a yeer sixscore Buzzars or Market-places above a thousand Bridges of stone and such water as is every where potable This City is not above a hundred miles from that marvellous wall which Crisnagol their King Zaintzon the 117 King some say built 1000 yeeres ago to keep out the invading Tartarr a wall 1200 miles long six fathoms high twelve yards thick and such as was seven and twenty yeeres erecting by a continued labour of 750000 men NANQVIN the second Citie for grandeur and bravery till of late was the China Metropolis It elevates the Artick Pole 32 degr and is distant from the Sea 8 leagues or there abouts The City is 12 leagues about circled with three strong walls and ditches the Kings Pallace is glorious and vast the other buildings many for 200000 are reckned but meanly beautifull the Temples are above a thousand the streets fayre the people industrious from Paquin removed East six hundred miles English most part of the way is navigable CANTAM is at the South end of China in 17 deg a Towne both rich and spatious our Ships came almost in view of it from it to Paquin is two months travell QVINZAY or Ham-ceu borders Cochin-China of old the greatest at this day the most admirable for variety of antick rarities in the Orient These bee the most noted but many other great and populous Cities this great Empire conteineth generally of one shape and alike governed None be without their Meani or Temples fild with Deastri or Idols The Countrey is generally champaign and fruitfull the husbandmans care and paines make it to fructifie and repay its thanks in various tribute each Province there is well watered and few of those rivers but abound in fish which the Chyneses not only banquet on but on Frogs Snakes Rats Dogs Hogs and such food as many other Nations abhominate they fish with Cormorants The people are Olive coloured more black or white as they vary from the Aequinoctiall they weare their haire very long and fillited their eyes are commonly black their noses little their eyes small their beards deformedly thin and nailes often times as long as their fingers serving as a mark to distinguish the

thence to Moyechaw next day to Pully-pot-shaw leaving Bobbaw-hodgee on our left hand next night pitching a farsangh short of Shiraz where we expected a ceremonious entrance but seeing none came out to meet us our Ambassadour who was ever jealous of his honour sent his Mammandar to the Governour the great Duke was hauking fifty myles thence of purpose absent to demand fresh horses and a befitting welcome The Daraguad in person came to dissemble first excusing his Lord the Duke who would go neer to kill him for not acquainting him with this excellent Advantage to manifest his integrity unto our Nation in comparison of whom all other in the world were odious In a word perceiving our haste he humby beseecht his Lordship to practize but three dayes patience till the great Duke might honour his entrance and display his radiance a favour of a double reflex in that it would infinitely content their Governour and accumulate an incomparable splendor and triumph to his entrance closing his hypocrisie with an if not he was then prest to usher his Lordship to his lodging The Ambassador easily descryed him to be a Synon sent meerly to betray his credulity so as perceiving no remedy the twilight helping his silent passage Apollo had already drencht his fiery tramels in maddame Thetis lapp Cynthia also lookt pale as displeasd with so much knavery we joggd leasurely on upon our Portugall Trumpetters who so soone as they winded the smoak and ayre of this excellent Citty spared the Persians a labour in their brasse pans hoboyes and such Phrygick Musique sometimes braying out at other tymes ecchoing to one another in their Mymallonian Cornets as if some Orgies to Liber Pater had been solemnizing in so much as many ran out of doores others fired their flambeauxes to know the cause and glut their wonder After long circling we arrivd at Shock-Ally-Begs Pallace the Dukes substitute where our Lord was wearied with a prolix Apologie and then made to taste a Banquet of dainties After which they convoyd us to Ally-chan a neat house at the East end of the City belonging to the King incompast with as brave Gardens and as spacious as most in Asia And now the vexation is past why do we make it an indignity as if Nocturnall entries had not equall lustre with the day the Artificiall light we had for ought you know might eclipse the splendor of the starry firmament Holofernes chose the night to make a triumphant entrance into Damas. Proud Antiochus took the same time into Hierusalem Augustulus into Rome and haughty Sapores into this very City Let us now triffle no longer but view the City SHERAZZ so they pronounce it the pleasantest of Asiatique Cities is removed from the Aequator nine and twenty degrees forty minutes and in longitude 88 degrees By Ben Ionas 500 yeares ago cald Syaphaz by Corn. de Iudaeis Sitas and Sivas by Osorius Xiraz by Raleigh Siras by Stephanus Cyrecbatha by Coelius Ciropolis a frivolous conceit since all old Topographers place it and the river Cyrus in Hyrcania in the latitude of thirty nine degrees and a halfe and of longitude eighty three degrees five and forty minutes And of that name is one in Media as Ptol. in Sogdiana one neere Iaxartes as Quintus Curtius in India one as Aelianus a river also so called in Armenia as Pliny notes but none in Persia a Ciropolis This name Sheraz as I conjecture is a derivative from Sheer milk in the Persian language or Sherab a grape no part of the orient shewing better or richer wine from like reason that Aleppo takes name from Halip milke and not from Alepius Leiftenant to Iulian as some dreame of many other Townes in Persia denominating themselves from what they are abundant in as Whormoote a Towne of Dates Deachow a hilly Towne De-gardow a walnut Towne Baze-bakow Periscow Cutbobbaw c. or from Syrases the incolae of old as Poliaenus has it in his 8 lib. de Semiramide Or if greek Synonymaes would carrie it I might borrow the name from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 catena or more properly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 per aestum But affectation is discommendable For albeit she be raysed from the ruines of Persepolis that does not stygmatize her with an upstart name two thousand yeares being past since it was burned I may therefore reject the peoples Cronicle alluding her first founder to be Iamshed fift King of Persia after whom ruld Chedorlaomer not long from Noah Boterus may be taxed also quando Syras erat Syras tunc Cayrus erat ejus pagus an Adage never us'd by the inhabitants Antient no doubt she is her name in history confirming it Rocnaduddaule Sonne of Sha-Hussan Sonne of Abbaz Viez Lord of Bagdet Kermoen Laristan and Shyraz so 't is then named being here buried Anno Dom. 980. of the Hegira 360. And questionlesse she has been much greater than at this present Vlughbeg a learned Geographer and Nephew to Tamberlang gives her in his tyme fifteene myles compasse Contarenus fifteene and eightie thousand houses Barbarus eightscore yeares ago gives her twenty Teishera after him six and thirty myles circuit Skikard upon Tarich a like vast circumference Iohn of Persia in his time numbred her Inhabitants eightie thousand Ben-Ally thee hundred thousand we may not gainsay their reports because no inquiry can disprove them let us therefore rest contented in her present description which I shall present you God willing without errour Shiraz is distant from Ormus one hundred and eight farsangs or three hundred and foure and twenty myles English From Larr one hundred eightie six miles from Babylon three hundred from Spahawn two hundred two and twenty from the Caspian sea six hundred from Cazbyn foure hundred and eighty six from Periscow foure hundred and forty from Candahor three hundred and sixtie from Yezd two hundred and ninteeen from Faza sixty miles English The Antient dwellers hereabouts are named Artiatae Tapiri Cartii and Orebatii Masqued in Pare Fure Fares and Farsistan Shyraz at this day is the second City for magnificence in the Monarchy of Persia watered by Bindamyr or Bradamyr a sweet river that drawes her descent from the Tapirian Mountaines and after two hundred miles circling in many wanton meanders commixing with Choaspes now Tab and Vlay with them not farre from Valdac old Shushan lose themselves in the Gulph and promiscuously thence into the vast Indian Ocean It shewes some walls built by Vsan Cassan but seems to scorne a limited bondage It stretches from South-east to North-west three miles and not much lesse the other way the compasse nine myles or there abouts is pleasantly seated in the North-west end of a spacious plaine twenty miles long and six broad circumvolved with stupendious hills under one of which this Towne is placed Defended by Nature inricht by trade by Art made lovely the Vineyards Gardens Cypresses Sudatories and Temples ravish the eye and smell in every part sweet and delightfull Here Art magick was