the care of his brother his two sonnes which slaying the eldest making himselfe King by his tyrannies caused diuers of the Iauan Nobilitie to forsake their Country Amongst the rest Paramisora fled to Cingapura who with his many followers was entertained kindly by Sangesinga whom not long after he vngratefully slew and by the helpe of his Iauans possessed himselfe of the state The King of Siam whose tributary and son-in-law Sangesinga had bin forced him to leaue his ill gotten throne and to seek new habitation one hundred and fortie miles thence where he settled himselfe at the riuer Muar with two thousand followers some of which were called Cellati men that liued on the Sea by fishing and pyracie these he would not receiue into his new fortresse of Pago as not well trusting them though before they had made him lord of Cingapura These therefore seated themselues fifteene miles from Muar in the place neere which Malaca now standeth ioyning with the Natiues halfe Sauages whose language is called Malayan The place growing strait they remoued three miles vp the riuer where was a Hill called Beitan with a large plaine the commodiousnesse whereof inuited Paramisora to leaue Pago and to ioyne with them in this new foundation which was after called Malaca signifying a banished man in remembrance of this Iauans exile In succeeding times the merchandize and Merchants too remoued from Cingapura to Malaca Saquem Darsa then succeeding his father Paramisora who subiected himselfe as vassal to the King of Siam which assigned to his obedience all the Country from Cingapura on the East to Pulo Zambilan which is to the West of Malaca one hundred and twentie miles all which space of coast is two hundred seuentie miles by Sea The Monsons or winds in these parts continue West and Northwest from the end of August to the end of October Nouember begins Northerly winds and Northeasterly which blow till the beginning of April From May till the end of August the South and Southwest beare sway according to which the Mariner must direct his course and take his proper season The situation of Malaca is vnwholsome by reason of the marishes and neerenesse to the line little aboue two degrees to the North else it would haue bin the most populous Citie in the Indies The successors of Saquen Darsa by little and little eased their shoulders of the Siam subiection especially after the Moores Persians and Guzurats had conuerted them to Mahomets sect and at last vsurped absolute Souereigntie But the King of Siam nine yeeres before the Portugall conquest sent a Fleet of two hundred saile and therein sixe thousand men against Mahumet King of Malaca the General of which Fleet was Poioan his Vice-roy of Lugor to whom the Gouernours of Patane Calantan Pan and other Coast-cities were to pay their tributes for the King of Siam From Lugor to Malaca is six hundred miles saile alongst the coast much subiect to tempestuous weather which diuided this Fleet some of which fell into Mahumets hand by treachery to the ouerthrow of the rest The Siamite in reuenge prepared a great Armie by Land and Armada by Sea foure hundred Elephants and thirtie thousand men but without expected euent by the insolencie of some of his Souldiers in Rapes and Robberies which raised the Country against them whiles Poioan was in the siege of Pan or Pam another Citie in rebellion The King of Siam further enraged sent two Armadas one by the way of Calantan the other by the way of Tenaz-zary one on the East side the other on the West of this long tract of land but before Mahumet could be punished by the Siamite the Portugall had preuailed against him King Emanuel had sent Diego Lopes de Sequeira from Lisbone Anno 1508. who came the next yeere to Malaca and there vnder faire colours of traffique Himselfe and his whole Fleet were in danger of betraying and murthering by this perfidious King and his Bendara or chiefe Iustice This ruled all cases Ciuill the Lacsamaua or Admirall all Marine and the Tamungo or Treasurer all the Reuenue and these three the whole gouernment which treachery in the yeere 1511. was requited by Albuquerke who by his proper valour and wonted Fortunes with secret intelligence amongst the Malayans conquered the Citie expelled the King who in few dayes vomited His soule after this pill and built there a Fortresse and a Church establishing the Portugall Lawes but so as both the Ethnikes and the Moores had their owne Magistrates appeale reserued to the highest The most remarkable things in this exploit were the Chaine which one Naodobeguea one of the principall conspirers against Sequeira now encountred in a Sea-fight by Albuquerke in his voyage to Malaca ware on his arme with a bone of a Iauan beast called Cabal therein by vertue whereof notwithstanding many and wide wounds he lost not one drop of blood till that Chaine being taken off his veines suddenly and at once emptied themselues of blood and life the store of artillery of which they tooke three thousand Peeces of eight thousand which the Portugals affirmed had beene there their venomed Arrowes and Calthrops strowed in the way the poyson whereof once touching the blood made them mad with other symptomes as in the biting of a mad dog which they learned after to heale by chewing the leafe of a certaine hearbe growing in the Countrey the vndermining the street of the Citie to blow it vp together with the Portugals the disaduantage of the fight with Elephants which being here enraged with wounds would not be ruled but brake the ranks of their owne side the treacherie of this people first to the Portugals then to their King after that to the Portugals againe the prey and spolle besides all that the King and they which fled carried away and all the Gold Siluer prouision of warre and concealements excepted amounted to two hundred thousand duckets for the Kings due which was the fifth part Alodinus the sonne of King Mahomet busily bestirred himselfe but in vaine to recouer his lost Patrimonie neither the I le Bintam which he fortified as he did also Pagus nor force nor fraud being able to defend him from his fathers fates and fortunes The Moores haue enuyed this successe to the Portugals and often haue attempted to depriue them of Malaca The Hollanders also vnder Cornelius Mateliuius Anno 1608. laid siege thereto whiles the Portugall was seeking new conquests at Achen who in their returne might easily haue defeated them had they not beene unadvised in too long aduising When the Portugals went to Malaca the King of Pans marriage with the daughter of Mahomet was to bee solemnized a banquetting house of timber couered with silke sumptuously prepared to this purpose on thirtie wheeles to be drawne with Elephants the Principals of the Citie being therein But this Kings affection was soone cooled by these disasters From Cingapura to Pulo Cambilan there is no other habitation of any
flat hearth against a wall and there they toaste their meate rather then roast it The decency of their streets in commendable for when you are in the centre of the City your eye reacheth almost to the extreamest parts thereof They haue no want of water The City hath its name from a great standing Lake at the West end of it vpon which there are cōmonly diuers sorts of fresh water-fowles The haggard Falcons doe euery euening flye vpon this Lake and the Negros with slings beate them which is the noblest sport of that kind in the world for the stoopings are many and at one time and the Hawkes the strongest and best mettalled of all other of a greater kind then the Barbary Falcons The Viceroy being one euening to see this naturall sport and he demanding of me what I thought thereof and I iustly commending the strength and mettall of the Hawkes assured me vpon his honour that a Falcon bred in that Iland which hee had formerly sent to the Duke of Lermo did at one flight except she rested vpon ships by the way passe from Andaluzia to Tenariff which is 250. Spanish leagues and was there taken vp halfe dead with the Dukes Varuels on And the time from her going out to her being taken vp exceeded not sixteene houres c. But I dare not dwell any longer with this industrious Gentleman in these Canaries and had need borrow the wings of one of these Hawkes to make a swift flight to some other African Ilands where next you shall find vs within the Mediterranean §. IIII. Of Malta and the Nauigations about Africa WIthin the Straits are no great Ilands belonging to Africa Pennon or the Rock against Velles de Gumera the I le of Gerbi some others Malta is the most famous where in old time was the Temple of Iuno spoyled by Verres supposed to be that Melita where Paul suffered shipwrack although there be another Melita in the Adriatike Sea neere to Dalmatia Polybius calleth it Melytusa as Volaterranus writeth Ptolomie and Cicero name Melita now called Malta in this I le of Malta This Malta is distant from Sicilia 60. miles from Africa 190. It hath bin sometime subiect to the Carthaginians as may appeare by diuers Monuments with Inscriptions of Carthaginian Letters and the Ilanders it our Authour say truely can vnderstand that Scene in Plautus before mentioned Eloi Effetcha Cumi words vsed in Scripture are likewise vsed in the Maltese Their manner of life is Sicilian But we may not dwell here Some ascribe Pauls shipwracke to Melita in the Adriatike neere to Dalmatia whom Beza learnedly confuteth : and prooueth it to bee that Malta which now the Knights hold against the Turke whose valour and successe in resisting that mighty Turkish Aduersary Curio and Io. Antonius Viperanus in their Bookes of that Argument Knolles in his Turkish History Ri. Carre and others relate at large It was An. 1565. That which deceiueth those Men in Malta is the name of the Adriatike Sea which now is giuen to the gulfe of Venice but then as Beza Aretius shew out of Strabo l. 3. was giuen to the Ionian Sea also and further Southwards where Mal a standeth and Ortelius out or Ouid and others proueth the same as doth also that Epitome of all Learning Io. Scaliger That learned Gentleman M. Sandys in the fourth Book of his Iournall hath largely related of this Iland It contayneth after his description sixty miles in circuit a Countrey altogether champaine being no other then a Rock couered ouer with earth but two foot where deepest hauing few trees but such as beare fruit whereof all sorts plentifully so that their wood they haue from Sicilia Yet there is a great Thistle which together with Cow-dung serues the Countrey people for fewell the lesse needfull by the immoderate heate there exceeding far any other seated in the same parallel yet sometimes tempered by the winds to which it lies open Riuers here are none but sundry Fountaynes The soyle produceth no graine but Barley bread made of it and Oliues is the Villagers ordinary dyet and with the straw they sustayne their Cattle Commin-seed Annis-seed and Hony they haue here in abundance and an indifferent quantity of the best Cotton Wooll The Inhabitants dye more by Age then Diseases and heretofore were reputed fortunate for their excellency in Arts curious weauing This Iland was giuen by Charles the Fift to the Knights Hospitalers after their losse of Rhodes whose first seat was the Hospitall of S. Iohn in Ierusalem built by one Gerard at such time as the Holy Land became famous by the successeful expeditions of the Christians whose rites are recorded by many Authors but by vs to be reserued for another taske There are sixty Villages in the Iland vnder the command of ten Captaines and foure Cities Old Malta supposed the worke of the Phoenicians is seated on a Hill in the mids of the Iland kept with a Garrison though of small importance In it is a Grot of great veneration because they suppose that Paul lay there after his shipwracke The other three Cities if they may so bee termed are about eight miles distant and not much without a Musket shot each of other neere the East end and on the North side of the Iland where there is a double Hauen diuided by a tongue of a Rock On the top of this tongue stands the Castle of S. Hermes after 20000. shot and the losse of 10000. liues taken by the Turks But so could they not that of S. Angelo which onely Burgo escaped their fury in that their siege After their departure when the Knights had thought to haue abandoned the Iland by the helps of the Pope Florentine and especially the Spaniard they were furnished with prouisions for new fortifications and added a new strong City called Valetta in honour of him that then was their Great Master Iohn de Valetta The Great Masters Palace is a princely structure the market place spacious the Church of S. Paul magnificent as that also of S. Iohn the houses vniforme of free stone two stories flat roofed S. Iohns Hospitall giues entertaynment to all that fall sick the attendants many the beds ouer-spred with faire Canopies euery fortnight hauing change of linnen serued by the Iunior Knights in siluer and euery Friday by the Great Master accompanied with the great Crosses a seruice whereto they are obliged as their name of Hospitular Knights also importeth It is victualled for three yeeres supplied from Siçilia The Iland hath not of liuing soules aboue 20000. Their expeditions are vsually but for booties The people almost as tawny as Moores the heat makes them sleep at noone These Votaries haue store of Curtizans for the most part Greeks which sit playing in their doores on Instruments by their eyes bewitching vnstable soules their vow rather prohibiting if the practice interpret Mariage then incontinencie
Cherosonesus or Peninsula which containeth besides that the Regions of Pontus Bithynia Lycia Galatia Pamphilia Paphlagonia Cappadocia Cilicia and Armenia Minor It was bounded on the East with Euphrates now Frat on the South with the Mediterranean Sea on the West with the Archipelago on the North with the Black-Sea stretching in length from 51. to 72. degrees of Longitude and in breadth from 36. ½ to 45. This Countrey hath beene anciently renowned for Armes and Arts now the graue of the carkasses or some ruinous bones rather and stonie Reliques of the carkasses of more then foure thousand Places and Cities sometimes inhabited Many changes hath it sustained by the Egyptian Persian Macedonian Roman Tartarian and Turkish generall Conquests besides such exploits as Croesus and Mithridates of old the Saracens and the Westerne Christians of later times haue therein atchieued Let the studious of these things search them in their proper Authors our taske is Religion whose ouer-worne and almost out-worne steps with much curious hunting in many Histories wee haue thus weakely traced Of the Turkes we haue alreadie spoken and we leaue the larger Relations of the Christians for why should wee mixe Light with Darknesse to their proper place For euen yet besides the Armenians there remaine many Christians of the Greek Church in Cappadocia and other parts of this Region HONDIVS his Map of ASIA MINOR NATOLIA Next vnto those parts of Syria before deliuered are situate in this lesser Asia Cilicia Armenia Minor and Cappadocia CAPPADOCIA called also Leucosyria and now Amasia stretcheth foure hundred and fiftie miles along the Euxine Sea bounded on the West with Paphlagonia Galatia and part of Pamphylia on the South with Cilicia on the East with the Hills Antitaurus and Moschius and part of Euphrates Heere runneth Halys the end of Croesus Empire both in the site and fate thereof the doubtfull Oracle here giuing him a certaine ouerthrow For when hee consulted with the same touching his Expedition against Cyrus he receiued answer That passing Halys hee should ouer-turne a great State which he interpreting actiuely of his attempts against Cyrus verified it passiuely in himselfe And here besides other streames slideth Thermodon sometime made famous by the bordering Amazons Of which manly Foeminine people ancient Authors disagree Theophrastus deriuing them from the Sauromatae Salust fetching them from Tanais P. Diaconus describing them in Germany Trogus and Iustine reporting them Scythians Diodorus crossing the Seas to finde them in Lybia and thence also in a further search passing into an Iland in the Atlantike Ocean Ptolomey and Curtius placing them neerer the Caspian Sea Strabo doubting whether there euer had beene such a people or no. Some haue found them out a-new in the new World naming that huge Riuer of them Goropius confidently auouched them to bee the Wiues and Sonnes of the Sarmatians or Cimbrians who together with their Husbands inuaded Asia And this hee proueth by Dutch Etymologies and other coniectures Which if it be true sheweth that their Religion was the same with the Scythian They are said to haue worshipped Mars of whom they faine themselues to be descended Religion it were to speake of their Religion of whose being wee haue no better certaintie Strabo writeth That in the places ascribed to the Amazons Apollo was exceedingly worshipped In Cappadocia was seated the Citie Comana wherein was a Temple of Bellona and a great multitude of such as were there inspired and rauished by deuilish illusion and of sacred Seruants It was inhabited by the people called Cataones who being subiect to a King did neuerthelesse obey the Priest that was in great part Lord of the Temple and of the Sacred Seruants whose number when Strabo was there amounted to sixe thousand and vpwards of men and women The Priest receiued the reuenue of the Region next adioyning to the Temple and was in honour next to the King in Cappadocia and commonly of the same kindred These Idolatrous Rites are supposed to haue beene brought hither out of Taurica Scythia by Orestes and his sister Iphigenia where humane Sacrifices were offered to Diana Here at the solemne Feasts of Bellona those Sacred Seruants before mentioned called Comani wounded each other in an extaticall furie bloudy Rites fitting Bellona's solemnities Argaeus whose hoary head was couered continually with snow was reputed a religious Hill and habitation of some God Strabo reporteth of the Temple of Apollo Catanius in Dastacum and of another of Iupiter in Morimena which had three thousand of those Sacred Seruants or Religious Votaries which as an inferiour Order were at the command of the Priest who receiued of his Temples reuenue fifteene Talents and was reputed in the next ranke of honour to the Priest of Comana Not farre hence is Castabala where the Temple of Diana Persica where the sacred or deuoted women were reported to goe bare-footed on burning coles without harme It is reported that if a Snake did bite a Cappadocian the mans bloud was poyson to the Snake and killed him Many excellent Worthies hath this Region yeelded to the world Mazaca afterwards of Claudius called Caesarea was the Episcopall Seat of Great Basil Cucusum the Receptacle of exiled Chrysostome Amasia now a Prouinciall Citie of the Turkish Beglerbegs sometime the Countrey of Strabo to whom these our Relations are so much indebted Nissa and Nazianaum of which the two Gregories receiued their surnames But that Humane and Diuine learning is now trampled vnder the barbarous foot of the Ottoman-horse Here is Trapezonde also whilome bearing the proud name of an Empire Licaonia the chiefe Citie whereof is Iconium celebrated in holy Writ and a long time the Royall Seat of the first Turkes in Asia and since of Caramania now Conia or Cogne inhabited with Greekes Turkes Iewes Arabians and Armenians is of Ptolomey adioyned to Cappadocia And so is Diopolis called before Cabira since Augusta which Ortelius placeth in the lesser Armenia In Diopolis was the Temple of the Moone had in great veneration much like in the Rites thereof to that before mentioned of Comana which although it bare the surname of Cappadocia yet Ptolomey placeth it in this Armenia and Comana Pontica in Cappadocia of the same name and superstitious deuotion to the same Goddesse Thence haue they taken the patterne of their Temple of their Rites Ceremonies Diuinations respect to their Priests And twice a yeere in the Feasts which were called The Goddesse her going out the Priest ware a Diademe He was second to none but the King which Priest-hood was holden of some of Strabo's progenitors Pompey bestowed the Priest-hood of this Temple vpon Archelaus and added to the temples reuenue two Schoeni that is threescore furlongs of ground commanding the inhabitants to yeeld him obedience Hee had also power ouer the Sacred Seruants which were no lesse then sixe thousand Lycomedes after inioyed that Prelacie with foure Schoeni of land added thereto
Hosts ostentation to view and a little to taste his meates but after sixe houres spent in this banquet they may goe home to fill their bellies In this officious trifling the Chinois spend a great part of their liues but especially at the beginning of the new yeere fifteene dayes together and at their birth-dayes When seruants salute their Masters or the baser people their Superiors they fall on their knees and thrice touch the ground with their foreheads iust as they doe to their Idols and when the Master speakes to his seruants they stand at his side and at euery answere fall on their knees and so doe the people to the great men When one speakes to another they neuer vse the second person nor the first when they speake of themselues except Masters and Superiours to their seruants or inferiours Many formes of complementall modestie in termes they haue but the lowest to call himselfe by his proper name as we vse the pronoune I and if they speake of any they vse some more honorable name and circumlocution if of themselues some modester termes The Iesuites obserue a state and keepe within doores not easie to be spoken with because the Chinois contemne such as obserue modestie and price men by their maiestie and solemne reseruations When they send presents to each other they may without inciuility take some and refuse others they also vse to send presents in money If a man be not within when one comes with his Letter to visit they leaue the Letter at the doore to signifie his purpose and this is enough also for the visited partie when in reuisiting he findes him absent For euery one that visits must within three dayes be visited in which respect the Iesuites were forced to cause their Porter or Seruant to keepe a note of them all lest they should forget to repay these offices If one meet another which hath not on his salutatory habite he may not performe these rites till the other be vested for it for which cause their seruants attend them with these robes or else he that was attired must put off and both salute in ordinary habit In drinking the Inuiter beginnes holding vp his cup in a dish with both hands all the guests turning to him and pledging him together at once supping vp their liquor at foure or fiue times although it be water and not at one draught No bread is brought into their feasts nor Rice None are compelled to drinke more then they please The maiestie of feasts is in variety of dishes none being taken off the table that are once set on till the feast ended and then bestowed on the guests seruants Their bookes are full of precepts of obseruance to Parents and Superiours which outwardly is there performed more then in all the world besides They neuer sit in equall site or ouer-against their betters but on the lower side This the Scholers performe to their Masters speaking to them with great reuerence and if they bee poore nourishing them whiles they liue with their owne labour And when one is admitted Scholer to another the Master sits in the higher end of the Hall which is ordinarily to the North all the Temples and priuate buildings if it may be opening to the South with his countenance to the doore The Scholer comes before him and foure times bowes his body and as often kneeles downe and toucheth the ground with his forehead euer after though higher preferred sitting at his side in euery meeting although he hath beene his Scholer but one day §. V. Of the mechanicall Arts in China their Printing c. WHere Nature is so prouident of Materials Art is easily induced to triall of experiments of which we will name such as to vs seeme rarest They generally are not so curious for exquisite workmanship as to make things saleable at easier and cheaper rates where Nobilitie is wanting the Mandarines pay what they please and sometime force their employments They build for themselues not minding continuance to posteritie nor will they beleeue without much astonishment the magnificence and antiquitie of European buildings Foundations they lay not deepe vsually not at all within the earth which makes the greatest buildings short liued and their Citie walls to be often repaired The roofes of their houses euen where the walls are bricke are sustained with pillars or posts of wood and not on those walls Printing is with them of ancient vse at least fiue hundred yeeres some say more then a thousand and sixe hundred Their manner differs much from ours and is rather an expression then impression they prouide a table of Peare-tree or other smooth wood and vpon the same lightly glue the whole sheet or written copie which being dried is cunningly taken off so as the characters remayne on the same table which is p esently carued and cut with Iron instruments that nothing but the draughts or lineaments of the letters are eminent and standing vp Then with incredible celeritie and facilitie they print off the same one man sometimes fifteene hundred in one day And in cutting their tables they are so ready and expedite that one of our Composers seemes to mee as long in setting a sheet of ours as they in cutting theirs The reason is the greatnesse of their characters for so small as our letters could not easily bee engrauen in their tables This commoditie they haue that they may be layd by for as many impressions as they please and in the meane time be may print off for number of copies as he findes sale both which are wanting in our manner of printing This makes their bookes so many and so cheape and this easinesse made the Iesuites print at their owne houses what bookes they liked They haue also another way of printing An Epitaph or other copie being cut in stone or wood they lay thereon a leafe of moist paper and on the same a woollen cloth and then beat it on with a hammer till the thinne paper insinuate it selfe into the emptie spaces of the mould or forme and then lightly lay on inke or what other colouring they please so that the Epitaph or Copie remaynes in an elegant white prouided that this be vsed where there is vse of greater characters That which some hold of sleeping and burning the earth of which their Porcelane is made an hundred yeeres in the earth remouing it euery eight dayes others gainsay and our Iesuite is silent Linschoten affirmeth that the earth is naturally hard beaten small steeped often stirred and of the finest swimming in the top the finest made Painting is much vsed but not in such perfection as with vs which is true also of grauing and caruing To adorne their pictures with oyle or shadowes and landskips they know not and in statues they haue no other rule of symmetrie but the eye Their bells haue woodden clappers and seeme not able to indure Iron and therefore not comparable in sound to ours Musicall
place where the Turke hath his Arsenal and Gallies for those Seas the matter whereof is brought out of Caramania by Sea by Nilus and by Camels ouer Land the rest of the way at incredible charges Here in old times was a Channell which conueyed the waters of Nilus to this place where they had Cisternes to receiue it all destroyed by the Mahumetans and now the Inhabitants fetch the water which they vse six miles off Some thinke that Pharaoh was here drowned which passage others set downe at Tor where the Sea is straitned and is not aboue nine miles ouer It seemeth that the prints of the Chariot-wheeles which Orosius affirmeth still remayned as testimonies of Pharaohs ouerwhelming vnder those waues and could not by any industrie of man be done out but by the mightie hand of God were soone restored in the same forme are not now there to bee found for they would soone end the controuersie Asion Gaber was a Port hereabouts whence Salomon sent his Nauie to Ophir and after him Iehoshaphat but not with like successe which Iosephus saith was Berenice not farre from Elana Hierome calls it Essia Doctor Dee writes that Ezion Geber was neere Eloth or Elana or Iltor the East end of the Bay the other which some call Suez is higher Bernice was the Port of the Red Sea where the Indian drugs and spices in the time of the Roman Empire were vnladen and landed to be carried thence to Alexandria the whole course whereof Plinie describeth Agatharchides reckoning diuers Etymologies of the Erythraean title liketh best of that which ascribes it to one Erythras who first built a ship to saile in those Seas altogether disallowing that it should be so called of the colour Hee hath written strange things of the people adioyning Hee nameth foure sorts of Ethiopians according to their dwelling neere the Riuers or Lakes or Sea-coast or wandring Those on the Sea-coast he saith liue altogether on fish which the Tide brings vp and leaues on the hollow places or plashes neere the shore which they cast vpon hot Rocks which cause the fishie substance to fall from the bones this they treade with their feet mixing the seede of Paliurus and then make cakes thereof which they drie in the Sunne and eate all in common and on the fift day goe to drinke laying their mouthes to the water like Oxen and sup in as much as their skins will hold not able scarce to breathe nor eating any thing one day after Some of those Ichthyophagi or Fish-eaters which haue store of this prouision content themselues with the moysture of their diet and drinke not at all Some of them seeme subiect to an Apathie not of Stoikes but of stocks not shunning or complayning for blowes or wrongs But mee thinkes I see my Reader haue sense and not without reason make complaint of wrong done him in these Relations and therefore will referre them that will to our Authour himselfe Don Iohn di Castro can better acquaint vs with the later then Agatharchides with the ancient state Hee ascribeth to Toro which he maketh the same with Elana 28. 1 8 degrees They are Christians and haue a Grecian Monasterie He reporteth the Moores tradition that Moses smote the sea twelue times thereby opened twelue paths for the Israelites 600000. Egyptians were drowned the Iewes arriued where Toro now is At Bohalel Xame they found a Towne within a house like a Chappell where was hanging a Banner of silke and many Arrowes or Darts round about the graue at the head of the graue was a table with an Epitaph testifying that there lay buried one of Mahomets kindred and great indulgence was granted to such deuout Pilgrimes as to that place resorted But the Portugals burnt it Hieronymo da Sancto Stephano relateth his voyage from Cairo in fifteene dayes to Cariz and a good Port called Cane finding many buildings and Temples ruined by the way seuen dayes iourney they went from hence by land to Cosir a Hauen of the Red Sea Procopius saith that this Sea is boisterous and rough in the day time and calme in the night that Iotabis one thousand furlongs from Aila was an Iland of Iewes of which hee mentions among the Homerite Arabians as doe Nicephorus Tudelensis and Vertomannus also which hee extendeth alongst the Sea and addeth to them many other Nations and Man-eating Saracens What the Portugals haue done in these Seas Barrius Marmolius Osorius Maffaeus relate Nonius Cugna in his Letter to the King declares that Anno 1530. they tooke Surrate other peeces of Cambaya and many Indian ships and chased away the Turkes Nauie which besieged Aden and brought the King of Aden to pay yeerly tribute ten thousand Serassins But the Turkes after obtayned it The length of this Arabian Gulfe Botero reckons 1200. miles in breadth 100. for the most part Comito Venetiano in Ramusius saith it accounteth 1400. in length in breadth 200. and in some places more so full of sholds that if they keepe not the Channell in the middest there is no sayling but by day light Outwards bound they keepe the middle and haue Pilots for that purpose homewards they haue other Pilots which direct the ship within the shallowes and are taken in at Babelmandel called by Ptolemey Insula Diodori an I le in the entrie or strait of the Gulfe which Strabo saith the ancient Kings of Egypt chayned to keepe the passage Zidem is twelue leagues from Mecca where the ships haue vsed to vnlade their Spiceries as before at Berenice without this Towne is a Moschee which the Moores say is the Sepulchre of Eua. Their water is raine-water reserued in Cisternes Passing by the I le Mehun the I le Camaran is famous by the diuers spoiles there made by the Portugals it is in fiftie degrees This Iland saith Corsali is the hottest place that euer I saw not one of vs but had our secret parts chafed and flayed with heate and many of our companie dyed Dalaqua is an Iland where they gather Pearles 125. leagues long twelue broad it is the name also of the Metropolitan Citie Betweene it and Abex saith Aloisius in the Relation of Castros voyage are fiue Ilands one of which is called Xamoa the land of which is red the King a Moore Suachen is the best harbour in all the Gulfe which the Turkes haue taken from the Abassine it stands in nineteene degrees and a third Mazzua is an Iland which makes Ercocco a good Hauen But of the Hauen and Ports on both sides the Gulfe Barrius relateth more largely Of the Iles Achafas and Tuicce wee haue but names likewise of others whereof Ptolemey doth number a great multitude The people of these parts are Mahumetans and many Baduini hereticall and theeuish Moores Many Iewes are in Aden the chiefe Towne of merchandize in these parts the King whereof after much kinde gratulation Salyman Bassa hung vp at the
Host if it be the King takes Tobacco and then giues the pipe to him that he thinkes the worthiest person in the company They are dutifull to their Parents obey their commandements and nourish their persons in age They vse humanitie to the wiues children of their conquered enemies but the men of defence they kill Their chiefe hunting is in winter they carry alwaies tinder-boxes with them to strike fire when hunting is done or night takes them For they follow the game sometimes three dayes together Their Dogs are like Foxes which spend not neuer giue ouer and haue rackets tyed vnder their feet the better to run on the snow They seethe the flesh in a tub of wood by putting stones heated red hot therein The womens duty is to slay the Beast and bring it home The Ellan Deare Stag and Beare are their game They take also with their hands Beuers which are of a chest-nut colour short legged his fore-feet haue open clawes the hinder finnes like a Goose the tayle skaled almost of the forme of a Sole-fish it is the delicatest part of the Beast The head is short and round with two rankes of iawes at the sides and before foure great teeth two aboue and two beneath with which he cuts downe small trees Hee builds on the brinkes of a Lake cuts his wood therewith raiseth a Vault and because the waters sometimes rise he hath an vpper story to betake himselfe to in such case he builds it Pyramide-wise sometimes eight foot high and dawbs it with mud He keeps his taile stil in the water They take him with their hands in a frost one fraying him on the Ice whiles another seizeth on his necke When one dies they mourne for him long euery Cabin his day by course after that they burne all his goods and bury the body in a graue where when they haue placed him euery one maketh a present of the best thing he hath as skins to couer him bowes kniues or the like Quebec is a Streit of Canada where is a goodly Country furnished with Okes Cypresses wilde Vines Peares Nuts Cherries Goose-berries Diamonds in the Rockes of Slate and other profitable pleasures They saw in forty fiue degrees a Lake fifteene Leagues long and eight wide with a Salt or fall not aboue three fadome but very furious The Sauages related to them of passages to a salt Lake whereof they knew no end reaching so farre Southerly that the Sun set to the North thereof in Summer it was foure hundred leagues from the place where the French then were In the Additions to Noua Francia mention is made of a Lake about threescore leagues long with faire Ilands in it The Iroquois haue no Townes their dwellings and Forts are three or foure stories high as in New-Mexico Another lake is said to continue an hundred leagues in length and some conceiue hope of passage to the South-Sea thereby The Scuruie or Scorbuch much consumed the French in these parts a disease that vsually attendeth euill Diet and much salt meats which and want of exercise conuenient are the Harbengers of this sicknes in long sieges and Nauigations Cartiers company were in a little time wonderfully cured hereof by a Tree like to Sassafras But of the French in these parts and of their doings and sufferings see more in the fourth part of my Pilgrims the eight and ninth bookes out of Marke Le'Scarbot Sir W. Alexander c. CHAP. V. Of VIRGINIA §. I. The Preface Sir WALTER RALEIGHS Plantation and the Northerne Colony LEauing New-France let vs draw neerer the Sunne to New-Britaine whose Virgin soyle not yet polluted with Spaniards lust by our late Virgin-Mother was iustly called Virginia Whether shall I here begin with Elogies or Elegies Whether shall I warble sweet Carols in praise of thy louely Face thou fairest of Virgins which from our other Britaine World hath won thee Wooers and Suters not such as Leander whose loues the Poets haue blazed for swimming ouer the Straits betwixt Sestos and Abydus to his louely Hero but which for thy sake haue forsaken their Mother-Earth encountred the most tempestuous forces of the Aire and so often ploughed vp Neptunes Plaines furrowing the angry Ocean and that to make thee of a ruder Virgin not a wanton Minion but an honest Christian Wife Or shal I change my accent and plaine me for I know not of whom to whom to complaine of those disaduentures which these thy louely louers haue sustained in seeking thy loue What enuie I know not whether of Nature willing to reserue this Nymph for the treasurie of her owne loue testified by the many and continuall presents of a temperate Climate fruitfull Soile fresh and faire streames sweet and wholesome Aire except neere the shore as if her iealous policie had prohibited forreine Suters or of the Sauage Inhabitants vnworthy to embrace with their rustike armes so sweet a bosome and to appropriate with greatest disparagement so faire a Virgin to Sauage Loues or haply some conceiued indignity that some Parents should thither send their most vnruly Sonnes and that our Britannia should make her Virginian lap to be the voider for her lewder and more disordered Inhabitants whose ill parts haue made distastefull those kinder offices of other our Britaine Worthies which else had been long since with greatest gladnesse and the recompence of her selfe entertained or whether it be Virginian modesty and after the vse of Virgins she would say Nay at first holding that loue surest in continuance which is hardest in obtaining Whether any or all of these or what else hath hindered hindered we haue been and haue not yet obtained the full fruition of her Loue and possession of her gainfull Dowry which yet now more then euer before she seemeth to promise and doubtlesse wil quickly performe if niggardise at home doe not hinder And should men be niggardly in this aduenture where Nabal must needs verifie his name where keeping loseth aduenturing promiseth so faire a purchase Miserie of our times that miserable men should here want what they already haue refuse to haue there at no rate abundant supply to their too miserable feares of want Lift vp your eyes see that brightnesse of Virginia's beauty which the Mountaines lift vp themselues alwayes with wild smiles to behold sending downe siluer streames to salute her which powre themselues greedily into her louely lap and after many winding embracements loth to depart are at last swallowed of a more mighty Corriuall the Ocean He also sends Armies of fishes to her Coasts to winne her Loue euen of his best store and that in store and abundance the Mountaynes out-bid the Ocean in offering the secret store-houses of vndoubted Mines he againe offereth Pearles and thus while they seeke to out-face each other with their puffed bigge and swolne cheekes who shall get the Bride the one layes hold on the Continent and detaines the same maugre the Oceans fury and hee
cast off the yoke of homage to the Crym conquered diuers Tartarian Princes the Empires of Casan and Astracan 2700. miles downe the Volga from Mosco and by a generall Councell of his Princes Prelates and Nobles was crowned and stiled the Emperour and Great Duke of Volladamiria Muscouia Cazan and Astracan c. His Conquests grew with his yeeres He tooke from the King of Poland the famous Citie of Pollozca the great Citie of Smolensca Doragabus Vasma and many other Townes with much riches and infinite numbers of captiues seuen hundred miles within their confines Lituania and Bela Russia goodly Townes of Trafficke and Countries yeelding Waxe Flaxe Hempe Tallow Hides Corne and Cattell in abundance He grew puissant and proud ouermightie for his next Neighbours and bloudie in all his Conquests When his good Queene Nastacia dyed she was canonized a Saint and to this day worshipped in their Churches By her he had two Sonnes Iuan and Theodore The Emperour after this married one of the Chircas by whom hee had no issue that hee would be knowne of The manner of this Marriage was strange and heathenish which I forbeare out of their owne History to relate By this Marriage hee was much strengthened by the Tartars better Souldiers then the Natiues of whom he made vse to curbe his Princes and Nobles which were discontent with his cruell robbing and incessant murthering of his Nobilitie He set forward with 100000. Horse and 50000. Foot with prouisions of Cannon and Munition towards Liuonia and Swethia kils men women and children in his way to Nouogrod and Plesco the two greatest Townes of Trafficke in all the East with the Narue which three stand triangle wise at the end of the Baltike Sea within the Sound In this last hee built a Castle called Iuan Gorod and caused the eyes of the Architect to bee bored out Thence he enters the Confines of Liuonia sends Knez Iuan Grinscoy to besiege Newhous which was taken with all the Townes in the way to Dorp This also yeelded and the Tartars carried away eight thousand Captiues the Merchandize and Treasure was sent to Nogrod for the Emperours vse He proceedeth deuideth his Army into foure parts ten thousand are appointed to draw the Ordnance ouer the frozen Lakes takes all in his way thirty walled Townes and Castles neere the Easterne Sea within two hundred miles compasse drowning burning rauishing Maydes and Wiues stripping them naked notwithstanding the cold tying them by two and three at their Horse tayles and dragging them some aliue some dead the wayes and streets lying full of carkasses of euery age and sexe These Liuonians are accounted the fairest people in the World Infinite numbers were sent into Russia with infinite treasure Sixe hundred Churches were robbed and destroyed He and his Tartars at last came to Reuell besiegeth and batters it with twentie Cannons The Inhabitants by night make vp the breaches by carrying and casting hote and cold water which froze so thicke that after sixe weekes siege and 20000. Cannon shot spent with losse of 7000. he hasted away the sudden thaw also making him to leaue much of his Artillery behind with former booties baggage and 30000. men in his retiring Enraged with fury for this repulse and losse hee comes backe to the Narue spoyles the Towne of all the Riches and Merchandise kils men women and children and giues the spoyle to his Tartars which bred no small emulation in his Russe Captaines Thence hee marcheth to Plescoue alias Vobsco where he intended to doe the like easily beleeuing those which reported that these two Townes and Nouogrod had practised against him that by their meanes hee had sustayned his losse at Reuel But there met him a Magician Mikula Sweat which that Towne held their Oracle who with bold Imprecations and Exorcismes calling him Bloud-sucker and Deuourer of Christian flesh swore by his Angell that hee should not escape death by a present Thunderbolt if he or any of his did touch the least childs haire in that Citie which God by his Angel did preserue for better purpose then his rapine that therefore he should get him thence before the fierie Cloud of Gods wrath were raysed which he might behold hanging ouer his head it being a very great and darke storme at that instant The Emperour trembling at these words desired Prayers for his deliuerance and forgiuenesse of his cruell thoughts I saw this Impostor a foule creature hee went naked Winter and Summer induring extreame frost and heat His Holinesse could not endure me He did many strange things by Magicall Illusions and was much followed and feared there of Prince and people The Emperour returning to Nouogrod where all his Captiues and Prisoners remayned in exceeding discontent he chargeth it with 30000. Tartars and 10000. Gunners of his Guard who without respect rauished the women and maides robbed and spoyled all that were within it murthered young and old burned the houshold stuffe and Merchandises with Ware-houses of Waxe Flaxe Cordage Tallow Hides Salt Wines Cloth of Gold Silkes Furres all set on fire The Waxe and Tallow melted ran downe the Kennels of the streets together with the bloud of 700000. men women and children as some affirmed besides beasts insomuch that with bloud and carkasses the Riuer Volca was as it were stopped He vanted that this Massacre should exceed those of Niniue and Ierusalem The Citie being thus destroyed and desolate he returned towards Musco and in the way employes his Captaynes to take the people in the Townes and Villages within a hundred miles compasse Gentlemen Peasants Merchants and Monkes old and young with their Families Goods and Cattle to goe and inhabit this ruined Nouogrod exposing them to a new slaughter For many of them dyed with Pestilence and poyson of that infected place which could not bee replenished to any purpose Not long after God empties the Emperours Kingdome and chiefe Cities of his people by Pestilence Famine Fire and Sword and this his crueltie bred such discontent that many practised to destroy him which were still discouered Hee countenanced the Rascalitie and the most desperate Souldiers against the chiefe Nobility Hee setled his Treasures in Mosco and the principall Monasteries Many of the Nobilitie he put to shamefull deaths and tortures and now suspecting his Chercas Tartars also he placed them in his new Conquests of Leefland and Sweathland The Crim Tartar his ancient Enemy inuaded him incited by his Nobilitie as he found out against whom he leuies out of remote Prouinces a huge Army of strangers with his owne hundred thousand horse and fifty thousand foot He discards his Chercas wife and puts her in a Monastery and among many of his owne Subiects chuseth Natalia Daughter to Kneaz Pheodor Bulgaloue a great Commander in his warres who soone after lost his head and his Daughter within a yeere was shorne a Nunne Newes came of his Enemies approch God suffered this wicked
Boare amongst them And heere I take leaue to repose hauing made this light discouery of the Countryes coasting this Bay of Bengali which I could not more exactly performe hauing taken my station in Musulipatnam Such as it is I submit it equally to all mens surueigh or censure and rest Pleased whosoeuer be otherwise Worthy Sir AS I haue begun and proceeded herein by your Instigation I present it to your acceptation if any thing be worth your account I dare iustifie the truth of it if nothing I shall neuer grieue at the suppression In briefe I wrote it for you and dedicate it to you and am only sorry it comes vnseasonably My Voyage into India remarkable in a Carracks losse and Captaine Iosephs death my Employment at Surat Cambaia and Amadera from thence at Callecut vpon the Coast of Malabarre at Priaman and Tecoo vpon Sumatra and then to Bantam and Iacatra vpon Iaua would afford more matter of discourse but I haue chosen Musulipatnam from which Centre I haue drawne these rude lines yet strait ones and parallel to the truth so that although none shall please to sayle by my Compasse yet am I sufficiently contented in hauing kept within compasse and so I rest a true louer of you and your elabourate Volumes W. Methwold FINIS THE SARACENICAL HISTORIE CONTAYNING THE ACTS OF THE MVSLIMS FROM MVHAMMED TO THE REIGNE OF ATABACEVS IN THE SVCCESSION OF NINE AND FORTIE EMPEROVRS Written in Arabike by GEORGE ELMACIN Sonne of ABVLIASER ELAMID the Sonne of ABVLMACAREM the Sonne of ABVLTIB AND Translated into Latine by Thomas Erpenius by his heires dedicated to the High and Mightie Prince FREDERIKE King of Bohemia Count Palatine of Rhene c. Out of whose Librarie at Heidelberge the Arabike Copy was borrowed Englished abridged and continued to the end of the Chalifa's by Samuel Purchas 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 MOLLIA CVM DVRIS LONDON Printed by William Stansby for Henry Fetherstone and are to be sold at his shop in Pauls Church-yard at the signe of the Rose 1626. To the Reader THat which the Angell had foretold of Ishmael hee will bee a wild man his hand will be against euery man and euery mans hand against him and that his seed should not be numbred for multitude is in this History manifested to haue beene fulfilled to the vtmost Yea that which Saint Paul saith that Godlinesse hath the promises of this life and of that which is to come we see fulfilled in Abraham the Father of many Nations and in his two Sonnes Ishmael made a great Nation neuer did any Empire extend so farre But my Couenant will I establish with Isaac and in Isaac shall thy seed bee called Ishmael hath the greatest earthly Empire yet is in spirituall bondage withall Agars Children but Ierusalem which is aboue is free the mother of vs all which are the seed of the faith of Abraham which is the Father of vs all which as Isaac was are the Children of Promise But as then hee that was borne after the flesh persecuted him that was borne after the spirit euen so it is now in this Historie from the beginning of the Muslim Empire declared The bond woman and her sonne shall one day be cast out of the house for the Seruant abideth not in the house for euer but the Sonne abideth euer If the Sonne therefore shall make you free yee shall be free indeed The Earth is a small thing for God to giue he giueth it to Ishmaels seed his owne haue Himselfe their portion in the Sonne to redeeme them in the Spirit to sanctifie them in the Father to prouide for them the best things here and Heauen it selfe with God himselfe in Trinity and Vnity to be their portion for euer Enuy not their lot to those but pitty and pray for them that God may open their eyes which how they are misled with shewes of deuotion dazeled with lightnings of armes and blinded with night and Hell this History sheweth from Muhammed their first Seducer to the end of their Asian Chalifas Our Stories I confesse are full of Mahomet and Saracens but empty for the most part of things therein most remarkable whiles partly want of Arabike Books and Letters hath hindred vs from meanes of knowledge without that Key none can enter this Muhammedan Magazine and partly rash Zeale hath transported both Greeke and Latine Authours to say anything of these Locusts Mahomet and his Adherents without iudgement sometimes and very often without truth whereby we haue had passionate Inuectiues and crude Collections insteed of the Muhammedan or Islam History God needeth not mens lies nor piae fraudes to support his Truth and the way to ouercome euill is not with euill but with goodnesse The iustice of God scourging the world with the Saracenical Sword for their vniust contempt of the Gospel of Peace is seene in this Dragon-tooth seed of Muhammedans the Alphabet of whose Religion is written in bloudy Letters of forced faith The hypocrisie of Muhammed their Founder and other Propheticall Pretenders ambitious of Souereigntie with their vices are best gathered out of their owne Authors which though they stile their memory happy or glorious yet in relating their Arts and Acts doe sufficiently declare their impiety and impurity before God and Man Shewes of Religion in bodily exercises meere carkasses only Almes frequent Prayers if gestures and words be Prayers and Prayes were not the scope of their Prayers their externall iustice in many things their Learning in Philosophie Mathematicks and Poetry the length of an Empire in such space of time and place this inclusiuely from the East Indies to the Westerne Ocean without any interruption taking in also Spaine and part of France and Italy with Sicill and the Easterne Empire tributary that from Muhammeds time to the end of this Story yea still in the Mogoll Persian and Turke with the Tartars and many Princes of lesse note continuing in a larger extent the beginning growth height declining and fall of that Empire the aduancement hereof with the Sword which exposeth to slaughter or imposeth Tribute their diuisions into two Empires the Abasian Family ruling ouer Asia and Africa the Ommian in Europe and after into a third which held Africa and in time also possessed Egypt the rising of Lay Princes and degeneration of Chalifas to a kind of meere Ecclesiastickes and their fall by diuision of this triformed Cerberus into a multiforme Dragon in manifold States and Kingdomes These in a succinct narration by one which descended of Christian Progenitors was versed in Christian Stories aswell as his last professed Islamisme with more likelihood of truth and fulnesse of satisfaction to the Inquisitiue Reader then any then all yet published if I be able to iudge by any by all Latines or other Westerne Writers Erpennius hath her giuen and I abridged out of him conferred also and illustrated with Mirkond a Persian and Muhammedan his History set forth in Spanish
compasse 48. Other wonders there 49. 50. Enlarged with a new Citie by Nabuchodonosor ibid. Babylonian Historie to these times 60. seq Destruction thereof 63. The taking thereof by Seleuchus 73. It is the Mother Citie of Iewes 124. The ruines 125. Thereby is signified Rome 141. Reduced by Zopyrus 342 Babylas his bones 72 Bagdet Bachdad or Baldach supposed Seleucia 51. 64. 242 Why called Babylon 63. Built by Bugiafar ibid. Destroyed 64. Victualled how 65. The state thereof in Beniamins time 147. 148. The whole Storie 237. 238. seq 242 243 Bacala in the East Indies 461 Bachdad Citie 50 Bacchus and his Priests 109 665 Baccalaos 30 Bachsi of the Tartars 418 Bactrians their cruell Rites 399 Badurias King of Cambaya 537 Baduini a kind of heretical Mores 757. 768 Bagdad built 1028 Baiazet the first taken by Tamerlan 282 Baiazet the second 283. 284 Baldiuias entertainment in Arauco 411 Baitull 80 Baithos and Baithoscans 129 Baly Iland described 611 Bals or Bels worne in mens yards 496 Balme of Gilead the Trees 92 In Arabia 226. In Amara 743 In Brasil 912 Balsam brought from Gilead to Cairo thence to Mecca 274 Bambyce the Syrian Goddesse so called 68 Banus the Heremite 123 Banians and their Superstition 240. 241 Banda Ilands 578. 607. The Commodities and Factories there 607. 608 Bantam described 609. 610. The English Factorie there 610 611 Baptizing of Proselites 97 Barbarussa or Barbarossa 676 677 Barchosba his end a warning for all such as fight against God their Souereigne 142 Barents his Discouery and wintering in the North east 782 Baruchne a huge Bird 210 Baruch interpreted by Herodotus 58 Bargu Plaine and the Rites there 429 Barkleys Trauels 423 Baris a Hill in Armenia 35 Barbaria whence so called 668 The Map of Barbary ibidem The Seriffo of Barbary his History 695. 696. Ciuill Warres in Barbary 697. 698. Regions of Barbary 700. 701. The conditions of the Inhabitants in the Cities of Barbary 704. 705 Basan 85 Basilides a Priest 72 Bathy or Bathu his exploits 361 Basiliske a Serpent 623 Bats great as Hens 565 Battell his Trauels 726 Barwels bauldnesse with cold 931 Beautie in fowlest deformitie 721 vide Gul-gallants and Fashion-mongers Beads vsed in Prayer by Turkes 312 Beasts whence their crueltie 15 Cleane and vncleane 33. Their awe of man and becomming food to man 36 Beasts sacred 460 Beasts worshipped 461. Execution by Beares 978 Beares of wonderfull greatnesse 564 Becca the same with Mecca 273 Beduines a Sect of the Arabians 221 Bedauyae or Bednois 231 Beetle worshipped 636 Beelsamen 75 Belzebub 80 Behemoth the huge Oxe mentioned in Iob Iewish tales of him 210 Bel and Belus deified 46. Called Baal Beelsamen 77. 81 Beelzebub Arbelus ibid. His creating the World 49. His Temple and Tower at Babylon 50. Golden vessels and Altar ibid. Bel chiefe Idol of Babylon 50. 56 Whither Bel and Baal bee the same 57. His name Rites c. 57. 58. His Sepulchre 56. By whom worshipped 58. His Priests 58. 59 Bel and the Dragon 58 Belus Author of Astronomie 49 50. His Temple clensed by Alexander ib. supposed the tower of Babel yet remayning 50. Supposed to be Nimrod 61 Belaeus Riuer 79 Belesus or Phul Beloch 62 Belgrade taken 273 Belgian an hill 381 Bellarmines errour of Paradise 15. Of Daniel 57. Of Antiochus 74. Of Miracles 81. 82 Of Abraham 95 Of the Sabbath 20. Of Monkes of Saint George 319. Of Confession 198. His testimony of Scripture and the translation thereof 169 170 Beltis Bealtis and Belissima 78 Bels vsed in Cathay 404. China 470. In Iapon very great 597 When first found and founded 602 Bels of Gold in America 795 Bemoini and his actiue people 692 Bengala Kingdome described 508 509. Their deuotions at Ganges 509. 510 Bengala gulfe described 579 993. seq Bengalan three hundred thirty fiue yeeres old 588 Benecochab his Imposture 141 114 Benioin a Gumme 570 Benedictus Goes his trauels from Lahor to China 413. 414 Benomotapa 72. seq Their Rites 722 Berecynthia or the Mother of the Gods 71 Berenice on the Red Sea 783 Bereshith with Iewish Comments 177. 178 Bermuda why so called and how otherwise 960. Commodities and situation thereof ibid. Plantation there 961 Berosus counterfeit 34. His testimony of the Floud ibid. Other fragments of him 45. 46 Best his Sea fight 613 Betelle 552. A description of the Plant Bettele 568 Beuer a beast 564 Bezar-stone 570 Bezars how taken out of Goates 1003 Beniamin Tudelensis his errour of Samaritans 136. His trauels and obseruations 63. 146. seq The state of the Iewes in his time 146. 147. seq Biblos whence so called 82 Bidrach Citie and Vniuersitie 146 Biledulgerid or Date Region described 706. 707 Birataca a Beast of incredible stench 564 Birds Preachers 719. Ilands ful of Birds 831 Birds of Brasile 912. 913. Tale of a huge Bird 210. Of other Birds 399 Birds of Paradise 565 Birra on Euphrates 63. 65 Bisertae supposed Vtica 641 Bisnagar 572. 993. The Kings haughtie stile 573 Bitumen or slimie Pitch 50. From a Fountaine neere Bagdet ibid. Blacke colour esteemed aboue White 721. The cause ibid. Blacke neuer worne by Turkes 303 Bliomum an Idol worshipped of the Arabians 242 Bloud prohibited 35. By the Zabij eaten in communion with the Deuill 53. 54. Iewish obseruations thereof 110. Mahometicall prohibstion 253. Drunke by the Tartars and others 431 People that will shed no bloud 240. 241. Bloud stayed from issuing by force of a Iewell or bone of a Caball 579. Bloud not seene in much effusion therof 662. Bloud in the Temple at Ierusalem 216 Boats of horse skins 391. Of Leather 793. Of Birch barke 802 Of fish skinnes 820. Of Seales skins ibid. Bomelius rosted 980 Bodies Vanitie 23 Boghar 425 Bona where situate 669 Bonito-fish 566 Boris brother to Irenia 980. made Protector 984. his bloudy staires to the Throne 988. 991. His Empire and end 992 Borneo the description thereof 578. 579 Bone of a man of huge bignesse 210 Bonzij in Iapon their Sects and Rites 594. 595 Booke of Scripture Nature the Creature 23 Bookes of the Law of Life and a third sort 196. 197 Booke of Butchery 171. Mahomets Booke of Iudgement 259 Bookes ascribed to Abraham Salomon Iob c. 701. Bookes of leaues of trees 896 Boots Shooes in America 793 Boriquen described 954 Borsippa a Citie sacred to Apollo and Diana 54 Bosarman or Musulman a Mahumetan Conuert 258 Botanter described the strange Rites there 512 Botelius his strange Nauigation 623 Boucan and boucaning mans flesh 914. 915. Sir Ierome Bowes his Russian Embassage 982. seq Brachmanes their Opinion of a better World 478. Their Rites 479. Sects 479. 480 Bramenes both Secular and Religious 547. seq How respected ibid. They haue their shops of Merchandise their Habit Vow and Funerals their Fasts Opinions and Obseruations their estimation Arts c. 547. 548. 549. Their Writing Learning Superstition 997 Bramenes Pope 559 Brama or Brema 472
40. g Cyril l. 3. cont Iulian h Tertul. de Idol i Oenomaus out of Hesiod affirmeth the number of Gods in the World to bee 30000. which number hee saith was then much encreased Euseb de 〈◊〉 preparat l. 5. c. 15 k Oros l. 2. c. 2 3 l Polyhist in Euseb Chron. m Tatianus apud Scalig. n Eragmenta haec extant in Ch. on gr Buseb lib. 1. per Scalig. Photij Bibliotheca in Helladio * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 * The former Map of Paradise doth descripe the Topography of the Countrey of Babylonia a Herod l. 2. b Philostr de vit Apol. l. 1. c. 18. c Plin l. 6. c. 26. d Solinus c. 60. e Diod. l. 3. c. 4. f See lib. 16. g Curt. l. 5. h Et duo in aduersum misit per moenia cuâ—rus Propert. 3. i N. Lyr. in DaÌ„ 4 k Arist. Politic. l. 3. c. 2. l Greg. Naz. in vit. Basil Martial Ep. 1. Nicetes Non. in Naz. m Diod. Sic. l. 3. or after the Greeke l. 2. c. 4 Herod l. 2. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 translated a furlong is but six hundred foot In respect of this Idolatry it is like that Dionys cals Babylon a holy Citie n A rege Syro Diod. o Beros fragm apud Ioseph contra Appion lib. 1. Vid. Scal. notas in haec frag p Dan. 4.27 q Scal. notae in frag Berosi r Clarae Carihaginis arces Creditur centum portis Babylona superbam Foemineus struxisse labor Claud. Å¿ Pseudo Beros l. 5. t Nec designatam vrbem fundauit lib. 4 u Fundamenta designata Babyloniae oppidi magis quà m vrbis erexit Gen. 11.8 Aug. de Ciu. Dei li. 18. c. 2 Ap. Euseb Prep lib. 9. Dan. ca. 3. x Lyranus thinketh that the Basis whereon it stood is included in this height for as Symetrians obserue the length of a man holdeth proportion but of sixe and not of ten to the breadth y See D. Willet in Dan. 3. Ver 14. c. 18. z Ptol. Geog. l. 6. cap. 3. a Praefectus praetorio b Strabo l. 15. c Metasthenes Annij The true Megasthenes write about fiftie yeeres before Berosus hauing trauelled al the East about the end of Alexanders raigne * 2. King 19.9 d Syria comprehendeth in it after the largest sense Babylonia also See cap. 15. Plin. l. 5. c. 12. e Araian de rebus gestis Alexand lib. 3. f Ar. lib. 7. Mentioned also by Sir Ant. Sherley in his trauels into Persia g Verstegan Anriq c. 1. h Domin Nig. Asia Com. 4. i R. Fitche Hak. Voy. tom 2. k Herod lib. 2. l Plin. Nat. hist lib. 18. cap. 17. Cel. Rhod. Lec Antiq l. 8. c. 12. m Ammian l. 23. n Philost de vitu Apol. l. 1. c. 18. Philost aid Viu de trad dis. lib. 5 Magna Homeri mendatia maioribus mendacijs corrigil Et postea câ—isdem Apollonius penè totus sigmentum est valiosum ac blaspemum c. a Diod. Sic. l. 3. cap. 8. b Dij Consultores R. Mos Moreb l. 3. c. 30. Vid. eius Epist. ad Masil Iud. Gene. 12. Heb. 11. c Mentioned supra c. 10. d Lib. 2. c. 2. e Ios. Scal. in Epist. ad Casaubon Omnia allius Magistri opera tanti facio vt solum illum inter Iudaos desiise nugari dicam f So the Iewes call the said R. Mos of the first letters R. M. B. M. Rab. Mos Ben. Maimon contracted Rambam g These fables were some rubbish of Paradise the trees and Serpent therein c. In his Epistle to the Marsilian Iewes he writeth of Bookes which mention Iambasor Tzareth Roani and say they were before Adam and that Sombascher was Adams master and of the Indians which say they haue Cities 100000. yeeres old c. Of this mourning for Tamut or Thamuz See Ezek. 8.14 vid. infra c. 17. R. Mos l. 3. 31. 33. Cap. 38. Moloch and Saturnes sacrifices of humane bodies See Cap. 18. Aversa Venus h Idem citat P. Ric. in explic praecept neg 220. ex R. Mos Gerundensi i Eight moneths together Master Eldred Hak. Voy. tom 2. k Plin. l. 6. c. 26. Tertia ChaldaeoruÌ„ Doctrina c. Scalig. thinketh them named Orcheni c. of the place and not of difference of sects as if there had beene Vniuersities or Colledges of Chaldaeans the Orcheni were of Erech Scal. notae in frag Ber. l Dan. 2.2 See D. Willet Comm. ibid. q. 7. 29. * Q. Curtius m Iul. Capitolin M. Ant. Philos n Plut. in vit. Mar. Syl. Iuven. Sat. 6. o Otho Heurn Chaldaic p Cael. Rhod. Lec Ant. lib. 16. ca. 4. q Ios. Scal. praef in Manil. r Peuc de Diuinat Theom Astrol Å¿ Dan. 2.48 Praefectum antistitem super omnes sapientes Bab. constituit Trem. t Dan. 4.6 Praefecte Magorum u D. Willet in Dan. 2. Iun. x 2. Chro. 32.31 y Theod. de curand Graec. affec ser 1. z Philostrat. de vita Apol. lib. 1. a Ph. Morn de Verit. C. R. b Euseb de pra par Eu. l. 6. c. 8. c Euseb de praepar. l. 9. c 4. d Ammian l. 23. Plutar. de facie in orbe Lunae e Suidas in Canopo Ruffin hist eccl lib. 2. f Alex. ab Alexand l. 6. c. 26. g Coelius l. 8. c. 1. h Athen. lib. 14. cap. 17. g 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which may be interpreted with cords about them which better answereth to Herodotus his report i Bar. 6.42 l Hero Clio. Strabo lib. 16. mentioneth the same m The Arabians called her Alytta the Persians Mitra The Babylonians called her also Alamhone Lyl. Gerald. hist Deor. Syut 13. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 verum nomen Veneris ait Sca. epist. ad Cas hoc est 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 n Bel Belti Nebo Mero Scheschach sic Heurnius in Indico o Ier 19.5 Ierem. 32. 1. Reg. 18. 16. 2. Reg. 23. 10. Ose 2. Es 46. p Plin. l. 6. c. 26. Oth. Heurnij Indicus Aelian Var. Hist lib. 13. cap. 3. q Herod lib. 1. telleth this of Nitocris Rod. Toletanus reporteth as strange a prodigie of Roderigo a little before the Sarasens inuaded Spaine lib. 3. cap. 17. r Rib. in Hos 2. Å¿ In Ierem. 32. t Nic. Serar in Iudic. u Drus Pra. pag. 225. x 1. Cor. 8.5 y Hos 2.16 Act. 17.26 z On those words of Virgi Impleuitque mero pateram quam Belus omnes à Belosoliti c. Aeneid 1. a 2. King 23.11 b Aug. tom 4. quaest. lib. 7. 16. Elias Cretens Com. in Nazian Orat. in Iul. 3. doth also take Bel and Baal for the same Et Nicet in Orat. 15. c Scalig. Can. Isagog lib. 3. pag. 314. d M. Selden Annot. on M. Drayton Poliolb. e Phot. Biblioth in Damascio 242. Sachoniatho as after followeth cap. 17. maketh Elius the father of Saturn f Lil. G. Gyr. hist Deor. Synt. 2. g Cap. 1. q. 16. Eadem Polanuâ— in Dan. cap. 1. h Quest