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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A36034	The historical library of Diodorus the Sicilian in fifteen books : the first five contain the antiquities of Egypt, Asia, Africa, Greece, the islands, and Europe : the last ten an historical account of the affairs of the Persians, Grecians, Macedonians and other parts of the world : to which are added the fragments of Diodorus that are found in the Bibliotheca of Photius : together with those publish'd by H. Valesius, L. Rhodomannus, and F. Ursinus / made English by G. Booth ..., Esq.; Bibliotheca historica. English	Diodorus, Siculus.; Booth, George, 17th/18th cent.; Valois, Henri de, 1603-1676.; Rhodoman, Lorenz, 1546-1606.; Photius, Saint, Patriarch of Constantinople, ca. 820-ca. 891. Bibliotheca.; Orsini, Fulvio, 1529-1600.	1700 (1700)	Wing D1512; ESTC R15327	1,369,223	858

Turns of Messina The Thebans having dispatch'd all these things in the space of Eighty five Days leaving a strong Garrison for the defence of Messina return'd to their own Country And the Lacedemonians having now unexpectedly rid themselves of the Enemy sent some of the greatest men of their City to Athens and upon a Treaty concerning the Principality it was agreed that the Athenians should be Masters at Sea and the Lacedemonians have the chief Command at Land But afterwards both Cities executed the Sovereignty in Common About the same time the Arcadians Created Lycomedes General and sent him away Pallene taken by Sterm by the Arcadians with five thousand strong and lusty young Men to Besiege Pallene in Laconia who took it by Storm and put above Three hundred Lacedemonians there in Garrison to the Sword And having plunder'd the City and wasted and spoil'd the Country return'd home before the Lacedemonians could send them any Relief The Beotians likewise being desir'd by the Thessalians to Free them from the Tyranny of Alexander the Pherean then but feeble and almost broken sent Pelopidas with a Pelopidas sent into Thessaly strong Army into Thessaly with Orders to Manage affairs there to the advantage of the Beotians When he came to Larissa he possessed himself of the Castle then Garrison'd by Alexander thence he March'd into Macedonia and made a League with King Alexander and receiv'd Philip his Brother as an Hostage and sent him to Thebes And having perfected whatever he thought might be for the Service of the Beotians he return'd into his own Country Things standing thus the Arcadians Argives and Eleans unanimously agreed to make Several Countrys Confederate against Sparta P. 493. War upon the Lacedaemonians and to that end to send Ambassadors to the Beotians to persuade them to join with them in the War They accordingly Consented and sent forth an Army of Seven thousand Foot and Five hundred Horse under the Command of Epaminondas and the other Beotarchs The Athenians hearing of the preparations of the Beotians against Peloponnesus sent an Army against them under the Command of Ant. Ch. 367. Chabrias their General who when he arriv'd at Corinth rais'd Men out of Megera Pellene and Corinth and made up an Army of Ten thousand Men who being join'd with the Lacedaemonians and other Confederates at Corinth their whole Forces were no less than Twenty thousand They made it first their Business to guard all the Passages and to do all they could to prevent the Beotians from breaking into Peloponnesus To this The narrow Pass of Peloponnesus between two Seas Lechaeum lying on the West and Cenchrea on the East end they drew a Wall with a deep Trench from * Cenchrea to * Lechaeum to block up the entrance that Way The thing was done with that quickness and expedition through multitude of Hands and diligence of those Employ'd that the Place was Fortifi'd before the Beotians could reach thither As soon as Epaminondas came up to the Place upon diligent view of the Fortification he discern'd that that part kept by the Lacedaemonians was the Weakest and therefore did all he could to draw them out to a fair Field Battle tho' they were almost three times his Number But when he saw they would not stir but kept themselves within their Epaminondas breaks again into Peloponnesus Fortifications and Trenches he made a fierce Assault upon them Storming them in every Part But the Action was Hottest and Sharpest on both sides where the Lacedemonians were Posted for there the place was of easiest Entrance and most difficult to be kept But Epaminondas having with him the flower of Thebes with much ado beat off the Lacedaemonians and so clearing the Way broke in with his Forces and laid the passage plainly open into Peloponnesus which was an Action nothing Inferior to any he had done before Hereupon he forthwith March'd to Trezene and Epidaurus and Wasted Ant. Ch. 367. and Harrass'd the Country round about but could not take the Cities being very strongly Garrison'd but Sicyon * Phe● in Elis. Pheunte and some others submitted to him Then he March'd with his Army against Corinth And having routed the Townsmen in an Encounter he pursu'd them to the very Walls Where some of the Beotians puffed up with their good Success Rashly broke through the Gates into the City upon which the Corinthians in a great Fright shut themselves up in their Houses But Chabrias the Athenian General both Cordially and Faithfully made Head against the Beotians and Drove some of them out of the City making a great slaughter of the rest In the heat of this Action the Beotians approach'd to Corinth with their whole Army in Battalia to the great Terror of the Inhabitants Upon which Chabrias with his Athenians forthwith made a Sally out of the City and having possessed himself of the Hills Adjoyning there bore the brunt of the Enemies Charge On the other side the Beotians encourag'd being strong of Body and of long experience in Feats of Arms doubted not but to Rout the Athenians But the Chabrians by the advantage of the higer Ground and continual Succours coming in to them out of the City so defended themselves that they Kill'd and grievously Gall'd their Assailants and beat them off So that the Beotians after the Loss of a great Number of their Men not being able to do any thing drew off their Forces But Chabrias having thus Baffl'd the Enemy for his Valour Faithfulness and Military Conduct was Cry'd up and greatly Admir'd CHAP. VIII Dionysius sends Gauls and Spaniards to the assistance of the Lacedemonians Pelopidas and Istmenias clapt up by Alexander Tyrant of Pherea The Boeotians pursu'd by the Phereans brought off by Epaminondas then a private Soldier The Fight between the Arcadians and Lacedemonians Dionysius falls upon the Carthaginian Territories in Sicily Dionysius dyes The cause of his death The cruelty of Alexander the Pherean at Scotusa Epaminondas breaks again into Peloponnesus Coos Peopled and Wall'd The end of the Laconick and Beotick War by the Mediation of the Persian King ABout this time arriv'd at Corinth Two thousand Gauls and Spaniards sent by Dionysius the Tyrant to the Lacedemonians from Sicily who had Five Months Pay advance Olymp. 102. 4. Ant. Ch. 366. The Grecians to try their Valour drew them out against the Enemy who so far approv'd themselves stout and valiant Men as that they routed and kill'd many of the Beotians and their Confederates And after they had been very useful in the War and purchas'd Aids arriv'd at Corinth from Dionysius to themselves Praise and Esteem both for their Courage and Service and had been rewarded according to their Merits by the Lacedemonians they were sent back into Sicily at the end of the Summer After these things Philiscus Ambassador from Artaxerxes King of Persia came into Greece P. 494. Artaxerxes sends again to compose Matters in Greece but in

Neighbouring Barbarians knowing their low Condition despis'd them and remembring what ruin and destruction they had formerly made amongst them so wasted them with continual War that not so much as the Name of Amazons is now to be found any where in the World For a few Years after Hercules's Time the Trojan War broke forth at which time Penthesilia Queen of those Amazons that were left and Daughter of Mars having committed a cruel Murther among her own People for the horridness of the Fact fled and after the Death of Hector brought aid to the Trojans and though she bravely behav'd her self and kill'd many of the Greeks yet at last she was slain by Achilles and so in Heroick Actions ended her Days This they say was the last Queen of the Amazons a brave spirited Woman after whom the Nation growing by degrees weaker and weaker was at length wholly extinct So that these later Ages look upon all those old Stories concerning the valiant Acts of the Amazons to be but meer Fictions and Fables Now since we have thus far spoken of the Northern Parts of Asia it 's convenient to observe something relating to the Antiquity of the Hyperborcans Amongst them that have written old Stories much like Fables Hyperboreans Hecateus and some others say that there is an * This seems to be Brittain Island in the Ocean over against Gall as big as Sicily under the Artick Pole where the Hyperboreans inhabit so call'd because they lye † Or rather very far North. beyond the Breezes of the North Wind. That the Soyl here is very rich and very fruitful and the Climate temperate insomuch as there are Two Crops in the Year They say that Latona was born here and therefore that they worship Apollo above all other Gods and because they are daily saying Songs in praise of this God and ascribing to him the highest Honours they say that these Inhabitants demean themselves as if they were Apollo's Priests who has there a stately Grove and renown'd Temple of a round Form beautify'd with many rich Gifts That there is a City likewise consecrated to this God whose Citizens are most of them Harpers who playing on the Harp chant Sacred Hymns to Apollo in the P. 92. Temple setting forth his glorious Acts. The Hyperboreans use their own natural Language But of long and ancient time have had a special Kindness for the Grecians and more especially for the Athenians and them of Delos And that some of the Grecians pass'd over to the Hyperboreans and left behind them divers 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Things dedicated to the Gods Presents inscrib'd with Greek Characters and that Abaris formerly travell'd thence into Greece and renew'd the ancient League of Friendship with the Delians They say moreover that the Moon in this Island seems as if it were near to the Earth and represents in the face of it Excrescences like Spots in the Earth And that Apollo once in Nineteen Years comes into the Island in which space of time the Stars perform their Courses and return to the same Point and therefore the Greeks call the Revolution of Nineteen Years the Great Year At this time of 19 Years the Great Year his appearance they say that he plays upon the Harps and sings and daunces all the Night from the * 10th of March. Vernal Equinox to the rising of the † In September Pleiades solacing himself with the Praises of his own successful Adventures The Sovereignty of this City and the care of the Temple they say belongs to the Boreades the Posterity of Boreas who hold the Principality by Descent in a direct Line from that Ancestor CHAP. IV. A Description of Arabia the Desert Happy c. Metals Precious Stones Beasts c. A Description of Taprobana in the Southern Ocean now call'd Ceylon or Zeilan The strange things there How discover'd by Iambulus HAving now finish'd these foregoing Relations we shall bend our Discourse to the other Parts of Asia not yet spoken of and chiefly to Arabia Arabia This Country is situated between Syria and Egypt and is divided into several Nations On the East the Arabians call'd the Nabateans inhabit a Tract partly Nabateans a Desert dry and barren Country Desert and in other Parts without Water and very little of it there is that bears any Fruit and therefore the Inhabitants live by Robbing and Stealing and for that end roving up and down the Countries far and near they vex the Inhabitants with their continual Incursions and Robberies it being a very difficult matter to subdue them For in the dry Country they have Wells digg'd in convenient Places unknown to Strangers whither they fly for refuge and are safe For knowing where the Waters lye hid and private upon opening of the Wells they are largely supply'd but Strangers who pursue them unacquainted with those Fountains either perish for Thirst or falling into many other Disasters and quite tyr'd out scarcely ever return home And therefore these Arabians being that they are not to be conquer'd are never inslav'd nor ever admit any Foreign Prince over them but preserve themselves continually in perfect Liberty and therefore neither the Assyrians antiently nor the Medes and Persians nor the very Macedonians themselves were ever able to conquer them who though they often march'd with great Forces against them yet they ever fail'd in their Designs In the Country of the Nabateans there 's a Rock strongly Fortified to which there is an Ascent but one way through which a few only at a time mount up to cast down their Fardles There 's likewise a large * The Lake of Sodom or Dead-Sea and Asphaltes Mere which produces Brimstone from whence they raise no small Revenue It 's † 60 Miles Five Hundred Furlongs in length and * Betwixt 7 and 8 Miles Josephus in lib. of the Wars of the Jews Book 5 c. 5. says it's 580 Furlongs long and 150 broad extending in length to Zoar in Arabia Sixty in breadth The Water for Smell stinks and is bitter in Taste so that neither Fish nor any other living thing us'd to the Water can live there There are indeed great Rivers whose Waters are exceeding sweet which empty themselves into the Lake and yet it stinks howsoever Every Year the Brimstone rises up out of the middle of the Mere some Pieces Two and others Three Plethras Square in quantity The greater Pieces the Inhabitants call Plethra 200 or 300 Foot Bulls and the lesser Calfs When the Brimstone swims upon the Water it represents at a distance the form of an Island There are apparent Signs of casting The Lake Asphaltes or Sodom P. 93. up of the Brimstone Twenty Days before for every where round the Lake for many Furlongs distant a Steam arises with a stinking smell and all Gold Silver or Brass near those Places change their natural Colour but return to their former when all the Brimstone