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A05339 Noua Francia: or The description of that part of Nevv France, which is one continent with Virginia Described in the three late voyages and plantation made by Monsieur de Monts, Monsieur du Pont-Graué, and Monsieur de Poutrincourt, into the countries called by the Frenchmen La Cadie, lying to the southwest of Cape Breton. Together with an excellent seuerall treatie of all the commodities of the said countries, and maners of the naturall inhabitants of the same. Translated out of French into English by P.E.; Histoire de la Nouvelle France. English. Selections Lescarbot, Marc.; Erondelle, Pierre, fl. 1586-1609. 1609 (1609) STC 15491; ESTC S109397 246,659 330

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the tast of wine which they tooke with a pipe The same hath preserued many of them from death The yong buds of hearbs in the Spring time be also very soueraigne And besides that reason requireth to beleeue it I haue tried it being my selfe gone many times to gather some for our sicke people before that those of our garden might be vsed which restored them to their taste againe and comforted their weake stomacks And as for that which concerneth the exterior parts of the body we haue found great good in wearing woodden pantaphles or patins with our shooes for to avoide the moistnesse The houses neede no opening nor windowes on the Northwest side being a winde very dangerous but rather on the East side or the South It is very good to haue good bedding it was good for me to haue caried things necessary to this purpose and aboue all to keepe himselfe neat I would like well the vse of Stooues such as they haue in Germany by meanes whereof they feele no Winter being at home but as much as they please Yea they haue of them in many places in their gardens which doe so temper the coldnesse of winter that in this rough and sharpe season there one may see Orenge-trees Limon-trees Figge-trees Pomgranet-trees and all such sorts of trees bring foorth fruit as good as in Prouence Which is so much the more easie to doe in this new land for that it is all couered ouer with woods except when one comes in the Armonchiquois countrie a hundred leagues further of then Port Royall And in making of winter a sommer one shall discouer the land Which not hauing any more those great obstacles that hinder the Sunne to court her and from warming it with his heat without doubt it will become very temperate and yeeld a most milde aire and well agreeing with our humour not hauing there euen at this time neither colde nor heat that is excessiue The Sauages that know not Germany nor the customes thereof doe teach vs the same lesson which being subiect to those sicknesse as we haue seene in the voiage of Iames Quartier vse sweatings often as it were euery moneth and by this meanes they preserue themselues driuing out by sweate all the colde and euell humors they might haue gathered But one singular preseruatiue against this perfidious sicknesse which commeth so stealingly and which hauing once lodged it selfe within vs will not be put out is to follow the counsell of him that is wise amonst the wise who hauing considered all the afflictions that man giue to himselfe during his life hath found nothing better then to reioice himselfe and doe good and to take pleasure in his owne workes They that haue done so in our company haue found themselues well by it contrawise some alwaies grudging repining neuer content idle haue beene found out by the same disease True it is that for to inioy mirth it is good to haue the sweetnesse of fresh meates fleshes fishes milke butter oyles fruits and such like which we had not at will I meane the common sort for alwaies some one or other of the company did furnish Monsieur De Poutrincourt his table with wilde foule venison or fresh fish And if we had had halfe a dosen kyne I beleeue that no body had died there It resteth a preseruatiue necessarie for the accomplishment of mirth and to the end one may take pleasure on the worke of his hands is euery one to haue the honest company of his lawfull wife for without that the cheare is neuer perfect ones minde is alwaies vpon that which one loues and desireth there is still some sorrow the bodie becomes full of ill humours and so the sicknesse doth breede And for the last and soueraigne remedie I send backe the patient to the tree of life for so one may well qualifie it which Iames Quartier doth call Anneda yet vnknowen in the coast of Port Royall vnlesse it bee peraduenture the Sasafras whereof there is quantitie in certaine places And it is an assured thing that the said tree is very excellent But Monsieur Champlain who is now in the great riuer of Canada passing his winter in the same part where the said Quartier did winter hath charge to finde it out and to make prouision thereof CHAP. VII The discouery of new Lands by Monsieur De Monts fabulous tales and reports of the riuer and fained towne of Norombega The refuting of the authors that haue written thereof Fish bankes in New found land Kinibeki Chouacoet Mallebarre Armouchiquois The death of a French man killed Mortality of Englishmen in Virginia THe rough season being passed Monsieur De Monts wearied with his badde dwelling at Saint Croix determined to seeke out another Port in a warrner countrie and more to the South And to that end made a Pinnesse to be armed and furnished with victuals to follow the coast and discouering new countries to seeke out some happier Port in a more temperate aire And because that in seeking one cannot set forward so much as when in full sailes one goeth in open sea and that finding out baies and gulfes lying betweene two lands one must put in because that there one may assoone finde that which is sought for as else where he made in this voyage but about six score leagues as wee will tell you now From Saint Croix to 60. leagues forward the coast lieth East and West at the end of which 60. leagues is the riuer called by the Sauages Kinibeki From which place to Malebarre it lieth North and South and there is yet from one to the other 60. leagues in right line not following the baies So farre stretcheth Monsieur De Monts his voyage wherein he had for Pilot in his vessell Monsieur De Champdore In all this coast so farre as Kinibeki there is many places where shippes may be harbored amongst the Ilands but the people there is not so frequent as is beyond that And there is no remarkable thing at least that may be seene in the outside of the lands but a riuer whereof many haue written fables one after another like to those that they who grounding themselues vpon Hannos his Commentaries a Carthaginian captain haue fained of Townes built by him in great number vpon the coasts of Africa which is watered with the Ocean sea for that hee plaied an heroycall part in sailing so farre as the Iles of Cap Vert where long time since no body hath beene the Nauigation not being so secure then vpon that great sea as it is at this day by the benefit of the Compasse Therefore without alleaging that which the first writers Spaniards and Portingals haue said I will recite that which is in the last booke intituled The vniuersall Historie of the West Indies Printed at Douay the last yeere 1607. in the place where he speaketh of Norombega For in reporting this
infinite paines to stanch her by pomping In the end being come about they found a great leake by the keele which they stopped with all diligence CHAP. VI. The buildings of the I le Saint Croix The French-mens discommodities in the said place Vnknowen Sicknesses of their causes of the people that be subiect to it of diets bad waters aire windes lakes corruption of woods seasons disposition of bodies of yongue and old the Authors aduice vpon the gouernment of health and cure of the said diseases DVring the foresaid Nauigation Monsieur De Monts his people did worke about the Fort which hee seated at the end of the Iland opposite to the place where he had lodged his Canon Which was wisely considered to the end to command the riuer vp down But there was an inconuenience the said Fort did lie towards the North and without any shelter but of the trees that were on the I le shore which all about hee commanded to be kept and not cut downe And out of the same Fort was the Switzers lodging great and large and other small lodgings representing as it were a Suburbe Some had housed themselues on the firme land neere the brook But within the Fort was Monsieur De Monts his lodging made with very faire artificiall Carpentrie worke with the Banner of France vpon the same At another part was the store-house wherin consisted the safety life of euerie one likewise made with faire Carpentry worke and couered with reedes Right ouer against the said store-house were the lodgings and houses of these Gentlemen Monsieur D'oruille Monsieur Champlein Monsieur Champdorè and other men of reckoning Opposite to Monsieur De Monts his said lodging there was a gallerie couered for to exercise themselues either in play or for the workmen in time of raine And betweene the said Fort and the Platforme where lay the Canon all was full of gardens wherunto euerie one exercised himselfe willingly All Autumne quarter was passed on these works and it was well for them to haue lodged themselues and to manure the ground of the Iland before Winter whilest that in these parts pamphlets were set out vnder the name of Maistre Guillaume stuffed with all sorts of newes By the which amongst other things this Prognosticator did say that Monsieur De Monts did pull out thornes in Canada and all well considered it may well be termed the pulling out of thornes to take in hand such enterprises full of toiles and continuall perils with cares vexations and discommodities But vertue and courage that ouer commeth all these things makes those thornes to be but Gilliflowers and Roses to them that resoule themselues in these heroicall actions to make themselues praise-worthy and famous in the memorie of men despising the vaine pleasures of delicate and effeminated men good for nothing but to coffer themselues in a chamber The most vrgent things being done and hoarie snowie father being come that is to say Winter then they were forced to keepe within doores and to liue euery one at his owne home during which time our men had three speciall discommodities in this Hand videlicet want of wood for that which was in the said Ile was spent in buildings lacke of fresh water and the continuall watch made by night fearing some surprise from the Sauages that had lodged themselues at the foot of the said Iland or some other enemie For the malediction and rage of many Christians is such that one must take heed of them much more than of Infidels A thing which grieueth me to speak would to God I were a liar in this respect and that I had no cause to speake it When they had need of water or wood they were constrained to crosse ouer the riuer which is thrice as broad of euery side as the riuer of Seine It was a thing painfull and tedious in such sort that it was needfull to keepe the boat a whole day before one might get those necessaries In the meane while the cold and snowes came vpon them and the Ice so strong that the Sider was frozen in the vessels and euery one his measure was giuen him out by waight As for wine it was distributed but at certaine daies of the weeke Many idle sluggish companions dranke snow-water not willing to take the paines to crosse the riuer Briefly the vnknowen sicknesses like to those described vnto vs by Iames Quartier in his relation assailed vs. For remedies there was none to be found In the meane while the poore sicke creatures did languish pining away by little and little for want of sweet meats as milke or spoon-meat for to sustain their stomacks which could not receaue the hard meats by reason of let proceeding from a rotten flesh which grew and ouer-abounded within their mouths And when one thought to root it out it did grow againe in one nights space more abundantly than before As for the tree called Annedda mentioned by the said Quartier the Sauages of these lands know it not So that it was most pitifull to behold euery one very few excepted in this miserie and the miserable sicke folkes to die as it were full of life without any possibilitie to be succoured There died of this sicknesse 36 and 36 or 40 more that were stricken with it recouered themselues by the helpe of the Spring assoone as the comfortable season appeared But the deadly season for that sicknesse is in the end of Ianuarie the moneths of February and March wherein most commonly the sicke doe die euery one at his turne according to the time they haue begun to be sicke in such sort that hee which began to bee ill in Februarie and March may escape but hee that shall ouer-haste himselfe and betake him to his bed in December and Ianuarie hee is in danger to die in Februarie March or the beginning of Aprill which time being passed he is in good hope and as it were assured of his safetie Notwithstanding some haue felt some touch thereof hauing beene sharply handled with it Monsieur De monts being returned into France did consult with our Doctors of Physicke vpon the sicknesse which in my opinion they found very new vnknown for I doe not see that when we went away our Pothecarie was charged with any order for the cure thereof and notwithstanding it seemeth that Hippocrates hath had knowledge of it or at least of some that was very like to it For in the Booke De internis affect he speaketh of a certaine maladie where the belly and afterward the spleene doe swell and harden it selfe and feele grieuous and sharpe gripes the skinne becommeth blacke and pale drawing towards the colour of a greene Pomgranet the eares and gums doe render and yeeld a bad sent the said gums disioining themselues from the teeth the legs full of blisters the limbes are weakned c. But specially the Northerly people are more subiect to